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Sastre-Oliva T, Corbacho-Alonso N, Albo-Escalona D, Lopez JA, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Vázquez J, Padial LR, Mourino-Alvarez L, Barderas MG. The Influence of Coronary Artery Disease in the Development of Aortic Stenosis and the Importance of the Albumin Redox State. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020317. [PMID: 35204200 PMCID: PMC8868205 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve and coronary artery diseases are related cardiovascular pathologies in which common processes lead to the calcification of the corresponding affected tissue. Among the mechanisms involved in calcification, the oxidative stress that drives the oxidation of sulfur-containing amino acids such ascysteines is of particular interest. However, there are important differences between calcific aortic valve disease and coronary artery disease, particularly in terms of the reactive oxygen substances and enzymes involved. To evaluate what effect coronary artery disease has on aortic valves, we analyzed valve tissue from patients with severe calcific aortic stenosis with and without coronary artery disease. Proteins and peptides with oxidized cysteines sites were quantified, leading to the identification of 16 proteins with different levels of expression between the two conditions studied, as well as differences in the redox state of the tissue. We also identified two specific sites of cysteine oxidation in albumin that have not been described previously. These results provide evidence that coronary artery disease affects valve calcification, modifying the molecular profile of aortic valve tissue. In addition, the redox proteome is also altered when these conditions coincide, notably affecting human serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Sastre-Oliva
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (D.A.-E.)
| | - Nerea Corbacho-Alonso
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (D.A.-E.)
| | - Diego Albo-Escalona
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (D.A.-E.)
| | - Juan A. Lopez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.L.); (J.V.)
| | - Luis F. Lopez-Almodovar
- Cardiac Surgery, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain;
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.L.); (J.V.)
| | - Luis R. Padial
- Department of cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain;
| | - Laura Mourino-Alvarez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (D.A.-E.)
- Correspondence: or (L.M.-A.); or (M.G.B.); Tel.: +34-9253-96826 (L.M.A. & M.G.B.)
| | - Maria G. Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (D.A.-E.)
- Correspondence: or (L.M.-A.); or (M.G.B.); Tel.: +34-9253-96826 (L.M.A. & M.G.B.)
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Mourino-Alvarez L, De La Cuesta F, Sastre-Oliva T, Baldan-Martin M, Corbacho-Alonso N, Martin-Rojas T, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Alvarez-Llamas G, Padial LR, Barderas MG. P324New molecular panel with high sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis of degenerative aortic stenosis. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy060.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Mourino-Alvarez
- National Hospital of Paraplegics, Vascular Physiopathology, Toledo, Spain
| | - F De La Cuesta
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - T Sastre-Oliva
- National Hospital of Paraplegics, Vascular Physiopathology, Toledo, Spain
| | - M Baldan-Martin
- National Hospital of Paraplegics, Vascular Physiopathology, Toledo, Spain
| | - N Corbacho-Alonso
- National Hospital of Paraplegics, Vascular Physiopathology, Toledo, Spain
| | - T Martin-Rojas
- National Hospital of Paraplegics, Vascular Physiopathology, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - G Alvarez-Llamas
- Foundation Jimenez Diaz, Department of Immunology, Madrid, Spain
| | - L R Padial
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Cardiology, Toledo, Spain
| | - M G Barderas
- National Hospital of Paraplegics, Vascular Physiopathology, Toledo, Spain
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Mourino-Alvarez L, Baldan-Martin M, Gonzalez-Calero L, Martinez-Laborde C, Sastre-Oliva T, Moreno-Luna R, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Sanchez PL, Fernandez-Aviles F, Vivanco F, Padial LR, Akerstrom F, Alvarez-Llamas G, de la Cuesta F, Barderas MG. Patients with calcific aortic stenosis exhibit systemic molecular evidence of ischemia, enhanced coagulation, oxidative stress and impaired cholesterol transport. Int J Cardiol 2016; 225:99-106. [PMID: 27716559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common valve diseases are calcific aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation (AR). The former is characterized by thickening of valve leaflets followed by progressive calcification, which produces progressive aortic valve (AV) narrowing, increased pressure afterload on the left ventricle (LV) and subsequent LV hypertrophy. On the other hand, AR is due to malcoaptation of the valve leaflets with resultant diastolic reflux of blood from aorta back to the LV producing volume and pressure overload and progressive LV dilatation. In order to isolate the molecular mechanisms taking place during AS, we have used an integrated "-omic" approach to compare plasma samples from AS and from AR patients used as controls. The final purpose of this work is to find molecular changes in response to the calcification of the AV, diminishing the effects of the AV dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS Using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in a cohort of 6 subjects, we have found differences in 24 protein spots and 19 metabolites, respectively. Among them, 7 proteins and 3 metabolites have been verificated by orthogonal techniques (SRM or turbidimetry): fibrinogen beta and gamma chain, vitronectin, apolipoprotein C-II, antithrombin III, haptoglobin, succinic acid, pyroglutamic acid and alanine. Classification according to their main function showed alterations related to coagulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, response to ischemia and lipid metabolism, defining 4 different molecular panels that characterize AS with high specificity and sensitivity. CONCLUSION These results may facilitate management of these patients by making faster diagnostics of the disease and better understand these pathways for regulating its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mourino-Alvarez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Montserrat Baldan-Martin
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | - Tamara Sastre-Oliva
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Rafael Moreno-Luna
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Pedro L Sanchez
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Vivanco
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis R Padial
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Finn Akerstrom
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Fernando de la Cuesta
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - María G Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain.
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Martin-Lorenzo M, Balluff B, Maroto AS, Carreira RJ, van Zeijl RJ, Gonzalez-Calero L, de la Cuesta F, Barderas MG, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Padial LR, McDonnell LA, Vivanco F, Alvarez-Llamas G. Lipid and protein maps defining arterial layers in atherosclerotic aorta. Data Brief 2015; 4:328-31. [PMID: 26217810 PMCID: PMC4510571 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical atherosclerosis cannot be predicted and novel therapeutic targets are needed. The molecular anatomy of healthy and atherosclerotic tissue is pursued to identify ongoing molecular changes in atherosclerosis development. Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) accounts with the unique advantage of analyzing proteins and metabolites (lipids) while preserving their original localization; thus two dimensional maps can be obtained. Main molecular alterations were investigated in a rabbit model in response to early development of atherosclerosis. Aortic arterial layers (intima and media) and calcified regions were investigated in detail by MALDI-MSI and proteins and lipids specifically defining those areas of interest were identified. These data further complement main findings previously published in J Proteomics (M. Martin-Lorenzo et al., J. Proteomics. (In press); M. Martin-Lorenzo et al., J. Proteomics 108 (2014) 465-468.) [1,2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martin-Lorenzo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benjamin Balluff
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aroa S. Maroto
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo J. Carreira
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rene J.M. van Zeijl
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Fernando de la Cuesta
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Maria G Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Luis R Padial
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Liam A. McDonnell
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Vivanco
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Martin-Lorenzo M, Balluff B, Maroto AS, Carreira RJ, van Zeijl RJM, Gonzalez-Calero L, de la Cuesta F, Barderas MG, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Padial LR, McDonnell LA, Vivanco F, Alvarez-Llamas G. Molecular anatomy of ascending aorta in atherosclerosis by MS Imaging: Specific lipid and protein patterns reflect pathology. J Proteomics 2015; 126:245-51. [PMID: 26079611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The molecular anatomy of healthy and atherosclerotic tissue is pursued here to identify ongoing molecular changes in atherosclerosis development. Subclinical atherosclerosis cannot be predicted and novel therapeutic targets are needed. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a novel unexplored ex vivo imaging approach in CVD able to provide in-tissue molecular maps. A rabbit model of early atherosclerosis was developed and high-spatial-resolution MALDI-MSI was applied to comparatively analyze histologically-based arterial regions of interest from control and early atherosclerotic aortas. Specific protocols were applied to identify lipids and proteins significantly altered in response to atherosclerosis. Observed protein alterations were confirmed by immunohistochemistry in rabbit tissue, and additionally in human aortas. Molecular features specifically defining different arterial regions were identified. Localized in the intima, increased expression of SFA and lysolipids and intimal spatial organization showing accumulation of PI, PG and SM point to endothelial dysfunction and triggered inflammatory response. TG, PA, SM and PE-Cer were identified specifically located in calcified regions. Thymosin β4 (TMSB4X) protein was upregulated in intima versus media layer and also in response to atherosclerosis. This overexpression and localization was confirmed in human aortas. In conclusion, molecular histology by MS Imaging identifies spatial organization of arterial tissue in response to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martin-Lorenzo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benjamin Balluff
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aroa S Maroto
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo J Carreira
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rene J M van Zeijl
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Fernando de la Cuesta
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Maria G Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Luis R Padial
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Liam A McDonnell
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Fernando Vivanco
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, REDinREN, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Martin-Lorenzo M, Zubiri I, Maroto AS, Gonzalez-Calero L, Posada-Ayala M, de la Cuesta F, Mourino-Alvarez L, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Calvo-Bonacho E, Ruilope LM, Padial LR, Barderas MG, Vivanco F, Alvarez-Llamas G. KLK1 and ZG16B proteins and arginine-proline metabolism identified as novel targets to monitor atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndrome and recovery. Metabolomics 2015; 11:1056-1067. [PMID: 26413039 PMCID: PMC4573654 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-014-0761-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We pursued here the identification of specific signatures of proteins and metabolites in urine which respond to atherosclerosis development, acute event and/or recovery. An animal model (rabbit) of atherosclerosis was developed and molecules responding to atherosclerosis silent development were identified. Those molecules were investigated in human urine from patients suffering an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), at onset and discharge. Kallikrein1 (KLK1) and zymogen granule protein16B (ZG16B) proteins, and l-alanine, l-arabitol, scyllo-inositol, 2-hydroxyphenilacetic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid metabolites were found altered in response to atherosclerosis progression and the acute event, composing a molecular panel related to cardiovascular risk. KLK1 and ZG16B together with 3-hydroxybutyric acid, putrescine and 1-methylhydantoin responded at onset but also showed normalized levels at discharge, constituting a molecular panel to monitor recovery. The observed decreased of KLK1 is in alignment with the protective mechanism of the kallikrein-kinin system. The connection between KLK1 and ZG16B shown by pathway analysis explains reduced levels of toll-like receptor 2 described in atherosclerosis. Metabolomic analysis revealed arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism and degradation of ketone bodies as the three main pathways altered. In conclusion, two novel urinary panels of proteins and metabolites are here for the first time shown related to atherosclerosis, ACS and patient's recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martin-Lorenzo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Zubiri
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aroa S. Maroto
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Calero
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Posada-Ayala
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando de la Cuesta
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Laura Mourino-Alvarez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis M. Ruilope
- Cardiovascular Risk and Hypertension, Instituto de Investigacion Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis R. Padial
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Maria G. Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Fernando Vivanco
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Alvarez-Llamas
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, REDinREN, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Martin-Lorenzo M, Balluff B, Maroto AS, De La Cuesta F, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Padial LR, Barderas MG, Mcdonnell LA, Alvarez-Llamas G, Vivanco F. P472Atherosclerosis insight by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu091.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Alvarez-Llamas G, Martin-Lorenzo M, Zubiri I, Maroto AS, Gonzalez-Calero L, De La Cuesta F, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Padial LR, Barderas MG, Vivanco F. P247Molecular alterations in human urine reveal atherosclerosis development, cardiovascular event at onset and follow-up. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu082.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Alvarez-Llamas G, Martín-Rojas T, de la Cuesta F, Calvo E, Gil-Dones F, Dardé VM, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Padial LR, Lopez JA, Vivanco F, Barderas MG. Modification of the secretion pattern of proteases, inflammatory mediators, and extracellular matrix proteins by human aortic valve is key in severe aortic stenosis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:2426-39. [PMID: 23704777 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.027425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major challenges in cardiovascular medicine is to identify candidate biomarker proteins. Secretome analysis is particularly relevant in this search as it focuses on a subset of proteins released by a cell or tissue under certain conditions. The sample can be considered as a plasma subproteome and it provides a more direct approximation to the in vivo situation. Degenerative aortic stenosis is the most common worldwide cause of valve replacement. Using a proteomic analysis of the secretome from aortic stenosis valves we could identify candidate markers related to this pathology, which may facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. For this purpose, we have designed a method to validate the origin of secreted proteins, demonstrating their synthesis and release by the tissue and ruling out blood origin. The nLC-MS/MS analysis showed the labeling of 61 proteins, 82% of which incorporated the label in only one group. Western blot and selective reaction monitoring differential analysis, revealed a notable role of the extracellular matrix. Variation in particular proteins such as PEDF, cystatin and clusterin emphasizes the link between aortic stenosis and atherosclerosis. In particular, certain proteins variation in secretome levels correlates well, not only with label incorporation trend (only labeled in aortic stenosis group) but, more importantly, with alterations found in plasma from an independent cohort of samples, pointing to specific candidate markers to follow up in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention.
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Martín-Rojas T, Gil-Dones F, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Padial LR, Vivanco F, Barderas MG. Proteomic profile of human aortic stenosis: insights into the degenerative process. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:1537-50. [PMID: 22276806 DOI: 10.1021/pr2005692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative aortic stenosis is the most common worldwide cause of valve replacement. While it shares certain risk factors with coronary artery disease, it is not delayed or reversed by reducing exposure to risk factors (e.g., therapies that lower lipids). Therefore, it is necessary to better understand its pathophysiology for preventive measures to be taken. In this work, aortic valve samples were collected from 20 patients that underwent aortic valve replacement (55% males, mean age of 74 years) and 20 normal control valves were obtained from necropsies (40% males, mean age of 69 years). The proteome of the samples was analyzed by quantitative differential electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry, and 35 protein species were clearly increased in aortic valves, including apolipoprotein AI, alpha-1-antitrypsin, serum albumin, lumican, alfa-1-glycoprotein, vimentin, superoxide dismutase Cu-Zn, serum amyloid P-component, glutathione S-transferase-P, fatty acid-binding protein, transthyretin, and fibrinogen gamma. By contrast, 8 protein species were decreased (transgelin, haptoglobin, glutathione peroxidase 3, HSP27, and calreticulin). All of the proteins identified play a significant role in cardiovascular processes, such as fibrosis, homeostasis, and coagulation. The significant changes observed in the abundance of key cardiovascular proteins strongly suggest that they can be involved in the pathogenesis of degenerative aortic stenosis. Further studies are warranted to better understand this process before we can attempt to modulate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Martín-Rojas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
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11
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Gil-Dones F, Darde VM, Alonso-Orgaz S, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Mourino-Alvarez L, Padial LR, Vivanco F, Barderas MG. Inside human aortic stenosis: a proteomic analysis of plasma. J Proteomics 2011; 75:1639-53. [PMID: 22178735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Valvular aortic stenosis (AS) produces a slowly progressive obstruction in left ventricular outflow track. For this reason, aortic valve replacement is warranted when the valvular stenosis is hemodinamically significant, becoming the most common worldwide cause of aortic valve surgery. Recent epidemiologic studies have revealed an association between degenerative AS and cardiovascular risk factors for atherosclerosis, althought reducing the exposure to such factors and statin therapies both fail to delay or reverse the pathology. Hence, a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease is required to identify appropriate preventive measures. A proteomic analysis of plasma will permit to know and identify the changes in protein expression induced by AS in this tissue. Using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) followed by mass spectrometry (MS), we compared the crude (not pre-fractioned) and pre-fractioned plasma from AS patients and control subjects. We sought to identify plasma proteins whose expression is modified in AS. In addition we investigated if crude plasma presented some alterations in the more abundant proteins since to date, has never been studied before. We also further investigated the link between this disease and atherosclerosis with a view to identifying new potential markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Gil-Dones
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
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12
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Gil-Dones F, Martin-Rojas T, Lopez-Almodovar LF, de la Cuesta F, Darde VM, Alvarez-Llamas G, Juarez-Tosina R, Barroso G, Vivanco F, Padial LR, Barderas MG. Valvular aortic stenosis: a proteomic insight. Clin Med Insights Cardiol 2010; 4:1-7. [PMID: 20567634 PMCID: PMC2884338 DOI: 10.4137/cmc.s3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Calcified aortic valve disease is a slowly progressive disorder that ranges from mild valve thickening with no obstruction of blood flow, known as aortic sclerosis, to severe calcification with impaired leaflet motion or aortic stenosis. In the present work we describe a rapid, reproducible and effective method to carry out proteomic analysis of stenotic human valves by conventional 2-DE and 2D-DIGE, minimizing the interference due to high calcium concentrations. Furthermore, the protocol permits the aortic stenosis proteome to be analysed, advancing our knowledge in this area. SUMMARY Until recently, aortic stenosis (AS) was considered a passive process secondary to calcium deposition in the aortic valves. However, it has recently been highlighted that the risk factors associated with the development of calcified AS in the elderly are similar to those of coronary artery disease. Furthermore, degenerative AS shares histological characteristics with atherosclerotic plaques, leading to the suggestion that calcified aortic valve disease is a chronic inflammatory process similar to atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, certain data does not fit with this theory making it necessary to further study this pathology. The aim of this study is to develop an effective protein extraction protocol for aortic stenosis valves such that proteomic analyses can be performed on these structures. In the present work we have defined a rapid, reproducible and effective method to extract proteins and that is compatible with 2-DE, 2D-DIGE and MS techniques. Defining the protein profile of this tissue is an important and challenging task that will help to understand the mechanisms of physiological/pathological processes in aortic stenosis valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Gil-Dones
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos (HNP), SESCAM, Toledo
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