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Tam D, Lorenzo-Leal AC, Hernández LR, Bach H. Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Non-Structural Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13002. [PMID: 37629182 PMCID: PMC10455537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241613002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped respiratory β coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), leading to a deadly pandemic that has claimed millions of lives worldwide. Like other coronaviruses, the SARS-CoV-2 genome also codes for non-structural proteins (NSPs). These NSPs are found within open reading frame 1a (ORF1a) and open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab) of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and encode NSP1 to NSP11 and NSP12 to NSP16, respectively. This study aimed to collect the available literature regarding NSP inhibitors. In addition, we searched the natural product database looking for similar structures. The results showed that similar structures could be tested as potential inhibitors of the NSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Tam
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; (D.T.); (A.C.L.-L.)
| | - Ana C. Lorenzo-Leal
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; (D.T.); (A.C.L.-L.)
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Laboratorio de Investigación Fitoquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
| | - Horacio Bach
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; (D.T.); (A.C.L.-L.)
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Mejía-Méndez JL, Bach H, Lorenzo-Leal AC, Navarro-López DE, López-Mena ER, Hernández LR, Sánchez-Arreola E. Biological Activities and Chemical Profiles of Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi Extracts. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1943. [PMID: 37653861 PMCID: PMC10223013 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the leaves of Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi were consecutively macerated with hexane, chloroform, and methanol. These extracts were used to assess the bioactivities of the plant. The antimicrobial activity was tested against a panel of Gram-positive and -negative pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains using the microdilution method. The cytotoxicity of K. fedtschenkoi extracts was investigated using human-derived macrophage THP-1 cells through the MTT assay. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity of extracts was studied using the same cell line by measuring the secretion of IL-10 and IL-6. The phytoconstituents of hexane and chloroform extracts were evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to study the phytochemical content of methanol extract. The total flavonoid content (TFC) of methanol extract is also reported. The chemical composition of K. fedtschenkoi extracts was evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results revealed that the chloroform extract inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 150 μg/mL. At the same concentration, methanol extract inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Regarding their cytotoxicity, the three extracts were highly cytotoxic against the tested cell line at IC50 < 3 μg/mL. In addition, the chloroform extract significantly stimulated the secretion of IL-10 at 50 μg/mL (p < 0.01). GC/MS analyses revealed that hexane and chloroform extracts contain fatty acids, sterols, vitamin E, and triterpenes. The HPLC analysis demonstrated that methanol extract was constituted by quercetin and kaempferol derivatives. This is the first report in which the bioactivities and chemical profiles of K. fedtschenkoi are assessed for non-polar and polar extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Mejía-Méndez
- Laboratory in Phytochemistry Research, Chemical Biological Sciences Department, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andres Cholula 72810, Mexico;
| | - Horacio Bach
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6G 3Z6, Canada; (H.B.); (A.C.L.-L.)
| | - Ana C. Lorenzo-Leal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6G 3Z6, Canada; (H.B.); (A.C.L.-L.)
| | - Diego E. Navarro-López
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Guadalajara, Av. Gral. Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45121, Mexico; (D.E.N.-L.); (E.R.L.-M.)
| | - Edgar R. López-Mena
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Guadalajara, Av. Gral. Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45121, Mexico; (D.E.N.-L.); (E.R.L.-M.)
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Laboratory in Phytochemistry Research, Chemical Biological Sciences Department, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andres Cholula 72810, Mexico;
| | - Eugenio Sánchez-Arreola
- Laboratory in Phytochemistry Research, Chemical Biological Sciences Department, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andres Cholula 72810, Mexico;
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Cuevas-Cianca SI, Romero-Castillo C, Gálvez-Romero JL, Juárez ZN, Hernández LR. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Edible Plants with Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Potential Use as Drugs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031488. [PMID: 36771154 PMCID: PMC9920972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Food is our daily companion, performing numerous beneficial functions for our bodies. Many of them can help to alleviate or prevent ailments and diseases. In this review, an extensive bibliographic search is conducted in various databases to update information on unprocessed foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can aid in treating diseases such as cancer. The current state of knowledge on inflammatory processes involving some interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is reviewed. As well as unprocessed foods, which may help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are important factors in cancer development. Many studies are still needed to take full advantage of the food products we use daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Isabel Cuevas-Cianca
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
| | - Cristian Romero-Castillo
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - José Luis Gálvez-Romero
- ISSTE Puebla Hospital Regional, Boulevard 14 Sur 4336, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Zaida Nelly Juárez
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
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Rodríguez-Mendoza CA, González Campos RE, Lorenzo-Leal AC, Bautista Rodríguez E, Paredes Juárez GA, El Kassis EG, Hernández LR, Juárez ZN, Bach H. Phytochemical Screening and Bioactivities of Cactaceae Family Members Endemic to Mexico. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2856. [PMID: 36365308 PMCID: PMC9653579 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mexico is a center of diversification for the Cactaceae family, with 69% of the species recorded as endemic. Certain members of the Cactaceae family have been chemically analyzed to relate their medicinal use with their phytochemistry. Here, the phytochemistry and bioactivity of ethanol extracts of Ferocactus echidne, F. latispinus, and Mammillaria geminispina were evaluated. A preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed, detecting the presence of saponins, tannins, cardiotonic glycosides, and sesquiterpene lactones. The presence of nicotinic acid in F. echidne and F. latispinus was identified by GC-MS. Other compounds found in the extracts of these three species were gentisic acid, diosmetin, chlorogenic acid, N-methyltyramide, and hordenine. The antioxidant activity was estimated with the DPPH free radical scavenging test. To determine the toxicity of the extracts, the in vivo model of Artemia spp. was used. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the extract was tested on C6, HaCaT, THP-1, and U937 cell lines, while the inflammatory activity was tested by measuring the secretion of cytokines using macrophage cells. The three species showed different bioactivities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities. To the best of our knowledge, the results presented here are the first described for these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Angélica Rodríguez-Mendoza
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Rubí Esmeralda González Campos
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Ana Cecilia Lorenzo-Leal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Bautista Rodríguez
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Genaro Alberto Paredes Juárez
- Department of degree in Medical Surgeon, Academic Secretary, Universidad de la Salud Puebla, Reforma 722, Puebla 72000, Mexico
| | - Elie Girgis El Kassis
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta, Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla 72810, Mexico
| | - Zaida Nelly Juárez
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Horacio Bach
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
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Gálvez Romero JL, Parada Sosa CM, Burgoa GL, Lorenzo Leal AC, El Kassis EG, Bautista Rodríguez E, Paredes Juárez GA, Hernández LR, Bach H, Juárez ZN. Antimycobacterial, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities of Artemisialudoviciana. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 293:115249. [PMID: 35395382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A third part of the world population has been exposed to the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB). TB is a deadly disease, and its treatment has been hampered because of the lack of new antibiotics or the development of new antimycobacterial agents against this pathogen. The situation is aggravated because of the appearance of multidrug-resistant strains. In Mexican traditional medicine, records showed Artemisia ludoviciana for the treatment of TB. Thus, the combination of antibiotics and plant extracts might represent new antimycobacterial agents as an attractive alternative. MATERIALS AND METHODS The biological activities of ethanol extract obtained from A. ludoviciana were evaluated for its antimycobacterial activities using an M. tuberculosis clinical isolate. Also, the toxicity of the extracts was assessed ex vivo and in vivo using the human-derived macrophages cell line (THP-1) and the Artemia spp. model, respectively. Lastly, the inflammatory response of macrophages exposed to the extracts was also evaluated. RESULTS The ethanol extract of A. ludoviciana showed antimycobacterial activity with a MIC of 250 μg/mL against a clinical strain of M. tuberculosis. Ex vivo cytotoxicity using the THP-1 cell line incubated with the ethanol extract showed an IC50 of 20 μg/mL. On the other hand, the Artemia model's toxicity test showed moderate toxicity when the A. ludoviciana extract was tested with LC50 of 195.64 μg/mL. Analysis of the inflammatory response of THP-1 cells exposed to the same extract showed no increase in secreted interleukine-6 and -10. Also, no effect was observed in the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α cytokine level. Moreover, a chemical profile of the extracts identified achillin as the major component in the ethanol extract, along with other minor components such as thujone and stigmasterol. CONCLUSIONS We showed that the ethanol extract of A. ludoviciana possessed antimycobacterial activity and could potentially be used to supplement the antibiotic treatment of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Gálvez Romero
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carla Michelle Parada Sosa
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Griselda León Burgoa
- Mycobacteria Area, Public Health Laboratory and Health Services of the State of Puebla, Antiguo camino a Guadalupe Hidalgo No. 11350, Col. Agua Santa, 72480, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ana Cecilia Lorenzo Leal
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Elie Girgis El Kassis
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Bautista Rodríguez
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Genaro Alberto Paredes Juárez
- Biology Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, 72410, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula, 72810, Mexico
| | - Horacio Bach
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.
| | - Zaida Nelly Juárez
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, 72410, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
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Herbert-Pucheta JE, Lozada-Ramírez JD, Ortega-Regules AE, Hernández LR, Anaya de Parrodi C. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics with Double Pulsed-Field-Gradient Echo and Automatized Solvent Suppression Spectroscopy for Multivariate Data Matrix Applied in Novel Wine and Juice Discriminant Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144146. [PMID: 34299421 PMCID: PMC8307358 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality of foods has led researchers to use various analytical methods to determine the amounts of principal food constituents; some of them are the NMR techniques with a multivariate statistical analysis (NMR-MSA). The present work introduces a set of NMR-MSA novelties. First, the use of a double pulsed-field-gradient echo (DPFGE) experiment with a refocusing band-selective uniform response pure-phase selective pulse for the selective excitation of a 5–10-ppm range of wine samples reveals novel broad 1H resonances. Second, an NMR-MSA foodomics approach to discriminate between wine samples produced from the same Cabernet Sauvignon variety fermented with different yeast strains proposed for large-scale alcohol reductions. Third a comparative study between a nonsupervised Principal Component Analysis (PCA), supervised standard partial (PLS-DA), and sparse (sPLS-DA) least squares discriminant analysis, as well as orthogonal projections to a latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), for obtaining holistic fingerprints. The MSA discriminated between different Cabernet Sauvignon fermentation schemes and juice varieties (apple, apricot, and orange) or juice authentications (puree, nectar, concentrated, and commercial juice fruit drinks). The new pulse sequence DPFGE demonstrated an enhanced sensitivity in the aromatic zone of wine samples, allowing a better application of different unsupervised and supervised multivariate statistical analysis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Enrique Herbert-Pucheta
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología-Laboratorio Nacional de Investigación y Servicio Agroalimentario y Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Carretera México-Texcoco km 38.5, Chapingo, Estado de México 56230, Mexico;
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - José Daniel Lozada-Ramírez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
| | - Ana E. Ortega-Regules
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (L.R.H.); (C.A.d.P.); Tel.: +52-222-2292412 (L.R.H.); +52-222-2292005 (C.A.d.P.)
| | - Cecilia Anaya de Parrodi
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (L.R.H.); (C.A.d.P.); Tel.: +52-222-2292412 (L.R.H.); +52-222-2292005 (C.A.d.P.)
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Rodríguez-Mendoza CA, Hernández LR, Pérez-Armendáriz B, Juárez ZN. Bacterias y hongos endófitos de la familia Cactaceae y sus aplicaciones. TIP RECQB 2021. [DOI: 10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2021.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Las especies de la familia Cactaceae habitan en zonas con altas temperaturas, escasez de agua y suelos con déficit de nutrimentos. Esto es el resultado de procesos complejos como adaptaciones fisiológicas y físicas, además de la coevolución con microorganismos endófitos que habitan en los tejidos vegetales con relevante importancia para las plantas, porfacilitar su establecimiento en estratos rocosos, ayudar a la fijación de nitrógeno atmosférico y fósforo a través de bacterias, así como una acción antimicrobiana por parte de los hongos. Los estudios sobre bioprospección de endófitos en las cactáceas aún son escasos, por lo que este trabajo compila la literatura científica sobre bacterias y hongos endófitos en cactus disponible en las bases de datos Dialnet, DOAJ, EBSCO, Google académico, iSEEK, Redalyc, REDIB, Science Direct, SciFinder, SciELO, Springer, Web of Science y Wiley Online Library. La revisión dio como resultado 22 trabajos publicados en un periodo de 33 años, de los que solamente el 36% analiza su bioactividad. Se destaca el uso de los endófitos en la biotecnología, principalmente para beneficio social (fines agrícolas y médicos), así como de conservación.
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Grijalva-Guiza RE, Jiménez-Garduño AM, Hernández LR. Potential Benefits of Flavonoids on the Progression of Atherosclerosis by Their Effect on Vascular Smooth Muscle Excitability. Molecules 2021; 26:3557. [PMID: 34200914 PMCID: PMC8230563 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of secondary metabolites derived from plant-based foods, and they offer many health benefits in different stages of several diseases. This review will focus on their effects on ion channels expressed in vascular smooth muscle during atherosclerosis. Since ion channels can be regulated by redox potential, it is expected that during the onset of oxidative stress-related diseases, ion channels present changes in their conductive activity, impacting the progression of the disease. A typical oxidative stress-related condition is atherosclerosis, which involves the dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle. We aim to present the state of the art on how redox potential affects vascular smooth muscle ion channel function and summarize if the benefits observed in this disease by using flavonoids involve restoring the ion channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Edith Grijalva-Guiza
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
| | | | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
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9
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Martínez-Pérez EF, Burgueño-Tapia E, Roa-Flores S, Bendaña-Piñeiro AE, Sánchez-Arreola E, Bach H, Hernández LR. A new diterpene and bioactivities of labdanes isolated from Buddleja marrubiifolia. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:71-78. [PMID: 32375531 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1762184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The new labdane [(3R*,4aR*,7S*,10aS*,10bR*)-3-ethenyl-3,4a,7,10a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1H-naphtho-[2,1-b]-pyran-7-yl]-methylbenzoate together with other 7 labdanes were isolated from the aerial parts of Buddleja marrubiifolia. Compound structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Some compounds showed moderate to weak antimicrobial activity towards a panel of bacterial and fungal pathogens. In addition, trans-biformene (2) and ribenol acetate (8) showed to be highly cytotoxic with LC50 < 1 µg/mL, the other compounds showed moderate cytotoxic effect with a LC50 range of 6.008-15.26 µg/mL. For all isolated compounds, no inflammatory response was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Fabiola Martínez-Pérez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Eleuterio Burgueño-Tapia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Samuel Roa-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aranza E Bendaña-Piñeiro
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Sección de Patología Experimental, Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eugenio Sánchez-Arreola
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Horacio Bach
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico
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10
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Juárez ZN, Bach H, Sánchez-Arreola E, Bach H, Hernández LR. Protective antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from Buddleja perfoliata and Pelargonium graveolens against fungi isolated from stored grains. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:1264-70. [PMID: 26854645 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from Buddleja perfoliata and Pelargonium graveolens were analysed to assess their efficacy as a potential alternative to synthetic chemical fungicides to protect stored grain. METHODS AND RESULTS Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation, while GC-MS were used to characterize the components of theses oils. The main components identified from the essential oil of B. perfoliata were cubenol, eudesmol, germacrene D-4-ol and cis-verbenol; whereas (-)-aristolene, β-citronellol and geraniol, were identified in P. graveolens. These essential oils were tested against a panel of fungal strains isolated from stored grains. Toxicity of the essential oils was assessed using two models represented by human-derived macrophages and the brine shrimp assay. Moreover, inflammatory response of the oils was assessed by measuring secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α using a human-derived macrophage cell line. Results show potent antifungal activity against a collection of fungi, with minimal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0·3 to 50 μg ml(-1) for both plants. A moderated cytotoxicity was observed, but no inflammatory responses. CONCLUSIONS These oils can be used as an alternative for synthetic chemical fungicides used to protect stored grains. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Synthetic chemical fungicides are used to protect stored grains, but their broad use raises concerns about effects on the environment and human health. The impact of the present report is that the use of essential oils is an eco-friendly alternative for fungal control in postharvest grains with a low impact to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z N Juárez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Alimentos y Ambiental, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, México.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - H Bach
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Britannia Secondary School, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E Sánchez-Arreola
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, México
| | - H Bach
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - L R Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, México
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11
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Tracanna MI, Fortuna AM, Contreras Cárdenas AV, Marr AK, McMaster WR, Gómez-Velasco A, Sánchez-Arreola E, Hernández LR, Bach H. Anti-Leishmanial, Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of Phenolic Derivatives fromTibouchina paratropica. Phytother Res 2014; 29:393-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María I. Tracanna
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Av. Roca 1900 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Antonio M. Fortuna
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Av. Roca 1900 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Angel V. Contreras Cárdenas
- Department of Medicine; Division of Infectious Diseases; University of British Columbia; 2660 Oak Street Vancouver BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas; Universidad de las Américas Puebla; Santa Catarina Mártir s/n, Cholula 72810 Puebla Mexico
| | - Alexandra K. Marr
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of British Columbia; 2660 Oak Street Vancouver BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
| | - W. Robert McMaster
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of British Columbia; 2660 Oak Street Vancouver BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
| | - Anaximandro Gómez-Velasco
- Department of Medicine; Division of Infectious Diseases; University of British Columbia; 2660 Oak Street Vancouver BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
| | - Eugenio Sánchez-Arreola
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas; Universidad de las Américas Puebla; Santa Catarina Mártir s/n, Cholula 72810 Puebla Mexico
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas; Universidad de las Américas Puebla; Santa Catarina Mártir s/n, Cholula 72810 Puebla Mexico
| | - Horacio Bach
- Department of Medicine; Division of Infectious Diseases; University of British Columbia; 2660 Oak Street Vancouver BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
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Uribe-Querol E, Martínez-Martínez E, Tapia-Rodríguez M, Hernández LR, Toscano-Márquez B, Padilla P, Gutiérrez-Ospina G. Metabolic indices shift in the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system during lactation: implications for interpreting their relationship with neuronal activity. Neuroscience 2005; 134:1217-22. [PMID: 16054766 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2004] [Revised: 04/11/2005] [Accepted: 05/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic indices of neuronal activity are thought to predict changes in the frequency of action potentials. There are stimuli that do not shift action potential frequency but change the temporal organization of neuronal firing following modifications of excitatory inputs by inhibitory synaptic activation. To our knowledge it is unknown whether this kind of stimulus associates with adjustments of metabolic markers of neuronal activity. Here, we used the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system of lactating rats to address whether shifts in the temporal organization of neuronal firing relate with modifications of metabolic markers of neuronal activity. Cytochrome oxidase activity, (3)H-2-deoxyglucose uptake, and the area occupied by blood vessels increased in the paraventricular nucleus and neurohypophysis of lactating rats, as compared with their virgin counterparts. Taken together, these results suggest that metabolic demands denote shifts in the temporal organization of action potentials related with the adjustment of excitatory synaptic activation, and support that changes in metabolic markers do not necessarily reflect shifts in the frequency of action potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Uribe-Querol
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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13
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Kotowicz C, Hernández LR, Cerda-García-Rojas CM, Villecco MB, Catalán CA, Joseph-Nathan P. Absolute configuration of trixanolides from Trixis pallida. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:1326-1331. [PMID: 11678660 DOI: 10.1021/np010191z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The aerial parts of Trixis pallida afforded seven known trixanolides (18-24) together with 17 new trixanolides (1-17). Their structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR techniques, while the absolute configuration of the trixane skeleton was determined using the Mosher method and turned out to be enantiomeric to that reported using the Horeau method. This result is further discussed from the biosynthetic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kotowicz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, S.M. de Tucumán 4000, Argentina
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14
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Cartagena E, Bardón A, Catalán CA, de Hernández ZN, Hernández LR, Joseph-Nathan P. Germacranolides and a new type of guaianolide from Acanthospermum hispidum. J Nat Prod 2000; 63:1323-1328. [PMID: 11076545 DOI: 10.1021/np9905057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The aerial parts of an Argentinian collection of Acanthospermum hispidum afforded 26 sesquiterpene lactones, including the two guaianolides (1 and 2) having a novel oxygen bridge between C-4 and C-14, three new cis,cis-germacranolides (4, 7, and 8), and two new melampolides (25 and 26). Guaianolides 1 and 2 seem to derive biosynthetically from the germacranolide 27 having the (1)D(14, 15)D(5) conformation. The structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cartagena
- Instituto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, S. M. de Tucumán 4000, Argentina
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15
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that the haemostatic parameters Fibrinogen (Fg), Factor VII (F VII), Factor VIII (F VIII), von Willebrand factor (vWF), Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA), Plasminogen Activator Inhibitors (PAI) are risk factors/markers of ischemic cardiovascular disease. Ferritin (sFER) and Leukocytosis have also been implicated. In the present study we have followed the levels of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and thrombomodulin in relation to lipids, iron and the appearance of atherosclerotic lesions in New Zealand rabbits fed with a cholesterol enriched diet for a two-month period compared with a group of control rabbits. Hematocrit and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured in parallel. In hyperchlesterolemic rabbits the levels of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor increased progressively, showing a positive correlation with the increasing cholesterol levels. There was an increase in soluble thrombomodulin beginning at the eighth week of study. In addition, these animals showed gross intimal atherosclerotic lesions in the whole extension of their aortas. Immunohistochemical studies showed the presence of fibrin(ogen) related antigen throughout the arterial wall and in the central portions of the atheromas. In the control group there was no formation of atherosclerotic plaques and all haemostatic, haematological and biochemical parameters were within the normal range. WBC and sFER levels were unaffected in both groups. Our results show that increased levels of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, known coronary risk factors, are strongly associated with the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. The plaques contain a considerable amount of fibrinogen related antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Hernández
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Laboratorio de Fisiopatología, 1020 A, Caracas, Venezuela
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16
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Abstract
The flowers of Hyaloseris salicifolia afforded known ivasperin, while the leaves afforded ivasperin and 2-O-(6'-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-ivasperin, whose structure was determined by spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C de Riscala
- Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina
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17
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de Heluani CS, Catalán CA, Hernández LR, Burgueño-Tapia E, Joseph-Nathan P. Three new diterpenoids based on the novel sarcopetalane skeleton from Croton sarcopetalus. J Nat Prod 2000; 63:222-225. [PMID: 10691713 DOI: 10.1021/np990292l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Croton sarcopetalus afforded three new diterpenoids (2-4) with a novel carbon skeleton that seems to be derived biosynthetically from a pimarane precursor. The essential oil of the roots gave trans-methylisoeugenol as the main constituent, along with 22 further compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S de Heluani
- Instituto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, S. M. de Tucumán 4000, Argentina
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18
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Fuentes González O, Yanes Díaz L, Hernández LR. [Parasitism in the oothecae of Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus)]. Rev Cubana Med Trop 1998; 47:185-8. [PMID: 9813473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Parasitism present in others of Periplaneta americana in 3 municipalities of Havana City was observed, and it was detected that Tetrastichus hagenowii (Ratz.) attained significant levels of parasitism for an average value of 21.5% in the oothecae revised. Their presence in locations where different pesticides are used and their biological characteristics give them the probability of being an efficient bioregulator of cockroaches.
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Cerna JL, Alarcón AV, de la Velasco Alvarez P, Nájera JV, Hernández LR. [Surgical correction of Fallot's tetralogy]. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 1975; 32:849-65. [PMID: 1100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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