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Kirsten F, Marcote B, Nimmo K, Hessels JWT, Bhardwaj M, Tendulkar SP, Keimpema A, Yang J, Snelders MP, Scholz P, Pearlman AB, Law CJ, Peters WM, Giroletti M, Paragi Z, Bassa C, Hewitt DM, Bach U, Bezrukovs V, Burgay M, Buttaccio ST, Conway JE, Corongiu A, Feiler R, Forssén O, Gawroński MP, Karuppusamy R, Kharinov MA, Lindqvist M, Maccaferri G, Melnikov A, Ould-Boukattine OS, Possenti A, Surcis G, Wang N, Yuan J, Aggarwal K, Anna-Thomas R, Bower GC, Blaauw R, Burke-Spolaor S, Cassanelli T, Clarke TE, Fonseca E, Gaensler BM, Gopinath A, Kaspi VM, Kassim N, Lazio TJW, Leung C, Li DZ, Lin HH, Masui KW, Mckinven R, Michilli D, Mikhailov AG, Ng C, Orbidans A, Pen UL, Petroff E, Rahman M, Ransom SM, Shin K, Smith KM, Stairs IH, Vlemmings W. A repeating fast radio burst source in a globular cluster. Nature 2022; 602:585-589. [PMID: 35197615 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are flashes of unknown physical origin1. The majority of FRBs have been seen only once, although some are known to generate multiple flashes2,3. Many models invoke magnetically powered neutron stars (magnetars) as the source of the emission4,5. Recently, the discovery6 of another repeater (FRB 20200120E) was announced, in the direction of the nearby galaxy M81, with four potential counterparts at other wavelengths6. Here we report observations that localized the FRB to a globular cluster associated with M81, where it is 2 parsecs away from the optical centre of the cluster. Globular clusters host old stellar populations, challenging FRB models that invoke young magnetars formed in a core-collapse supernova. We propose instead that FRB 20200120E originates from a highly magnetized neutron star formed either through the accretion-induced collapse of a white dwarf, or the merger of compact stars in a binary system7. Compact binaries are efficiently formed inside globular clusters, so a model invoking them could also be responsible for the observed bursts.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kirsten
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden. .,ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.
| | - B Marcote
- Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - K Nimmo
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J W T Hessels
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands.,Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Bhardwaj
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S P Tendulkar
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India.,National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune, India
| | - A Keimpema
- Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - J Yang
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden
| | - M P Snelders
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Scholz
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A B Pearlman
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C J Law
- Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.,Owens Valley Radio Observatory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - W M Peters
- Remote Sensing Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Giroletti
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Istituto di Radioastronomia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Z Paragi
- Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - C Bassa
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - D M Hewitt
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - U Bach
- Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn, Germany
| | - V Bezrukovs
- Engineering Research Institute Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (ERI VIRAC), Ventspils University of Applied Sciences (VUAS), Ventspils, Latvia
| | - M Burgay
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Selargius, Italy
| | - S T Buttaccio
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Istituto di Radioastronomia Radiotelescopio di Noto, Noto, Italy
| | - J E Conway
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden
| | - A Corongiu
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Selargius, Italy
| | - R Feiler
- Institute of Astronomy, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - O Forssén
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden
| | - M P Gawroński
- Institute of Astronomy, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - R Karuppusamy
- Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn, Germany
| | - M A Kharinov
- Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Lindqvist
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden
| | - G Maccaferri
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Istituto di Radioastronomia, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Melnikov
- Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O S Ould-Boukattine
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Possenti
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Selargius, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - G Surcis
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Selargius, Italy
| | - N Wang
- Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Urumqi, China
| | - J Yuan
- Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Urumqi, China
| | - K Aggarwal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - R Anna-Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - G C Bower
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - R Blaauw
- ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
| | - S Burke-Spolaor
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholar, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Cassanelli
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T E Clarke
- Remote Sensing Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - E Fonseca
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - B M Gaensler
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Gopinath
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V M Kaspi
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Kassim
- Remote Sensing Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - T J W Lazio
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C Leung
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - D Z Li
- Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - H H Lin
- Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K W Masui
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - R Mckinven
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Michilli
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A G Mikhailov
- Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - C Ng
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Orbidans
- Engineering Research Institute Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (ERI VIRAC), Ventspils University of Applied Sciences (VUAS), Ventspils, Latvia
| | - U L Pen
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholar, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - E Petroff
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Rahman
- Sidrat Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S M Ransom
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - K Shin
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - K M Smith
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - I H Stairs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Vlemmings
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden
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Bhardwaj M, Soanes K, Lahoz-Monfort JJ, Lumsden LF, van der Ree R. Artificial lighting reduces the effectiveness of wildlife-crossing structures for insectivorous bats. J Environ Manage 2020; 262:110313. [PMID: 32250796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to improve cost-effectiveness, it has become increasingly popular to adapt wildlife crossing structures to enable people to also use them for safe passage across roads. However, the required needs of humans and wildlife may conflict, resulting in a structure that does not actually provide the perceived improvement in cost-effectiveness, but instead a reduction in conservation benefits. For example, lighting within crossing structures for human safety at night may reduce use of the structure by nocturnal wildlife, thus contributing to barrier and mortality effects of roads rather than mitigating them. In this study, we experimentally evaluated the impact of artificial light at night on the rate of use of wildlife crossing structures, specifically underpasses, by ten insectivorous bat species groups in south-eastern Australia. We monitored bat activity before, during and after artificially lighting the underpasses. We found that bats tended to avoided lit underpasses, and only one species consistently showed attraction to the light. Artificial light at night in underpasses hypothetically increases the vulnerability of bats to road-mortality or to the barrier effect of roads. The most likely outcomes of lighting underpasses were 1. an increase in crossing rate above the freeway and a decrease under the underpasses, or 2. a reduction in crossing rate both above freeways and under the underpasses, when structures were lit. Our results corroborate those of studies on terrestrial mammals, and thus we recommend that underpasses intended to facilitate the movement of wildlife across roads should not be lit.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bhardwaj
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - K Soanes
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia; School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - J J Lahoz-Monfort
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - L F Lumsden
- Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, 123 Brown Street, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - R van der Ree
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia; Ecology and Infrastructure International, PO Box 6031, Wantirna, Victoria, 3152, Australia; WSP Australia Pty Ltd, 28 Freshwater Place, Southbank, Victoria, Australia
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Dewan A, Kini L, Sharma S, Bhardwaj M. P11.53 Genotype trumps phenotype: Oligodendroglioma and oligodendroglioma like tumors- A 1p19q fluorescence in situ hybridization based study at a tertiary referral centre in north India. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The 2016 WHO update of CNS tumours defines oligodendroglioma as a diffusely infiltrating glioma with IDH 1 or IDH 2 mutation and co-deletion of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q. We evaluated the role of 1p19q testing by Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis and correct classification of CNS tumours in accordance with WHO 2016 classification and exclusion of morphological mimickers of oligodendrogliomas.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A retrospective analysis of CNS tumours was carried out that were tested for 1p19q co-deletion by FISH over a period of fourteen months at our institute. Correlation with tumour morphology as well as other molecular tests (IDH mutation and MGMT) where available was then done. A tumour was considered to have 1p or 19q deletion when the 1p probe to 1q probe ratio (1p/1q) or the 19q probe to 19p probe ratio (19q/19p) was <0.80.
RESULTS
A total of 125 cases underwent FISH testing for 1p19q co-deletion over a period of last fourteen months at our institute with 74 male patients and 51 women. Thirty-eight of the 125 evaluated patients demonstrated 1p19q co-deletion on FISH. These included 25 oligodendrogliomas, 9 astrocytomas (Grade II/III) and 4 cases of oligoastrocytomas by morphology. Out of these cases, 21 cases had a co-existent IDH mutation, while two cases were IDH wild type and for 15 cases the status was unknown. Rest of the 87 patients were negative for 1p19q co-deletion and included cases of oligodendroglioma, other gliomas (pilocytic astrocytoma, oligoastrocytoma, glioblastoma) and few glioneuronal tumours (ganglioglioma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour and central neurocytoma).
CONCLUSION
1. Analysis of 1p19q co-deletion by FISH plays an important role in correctly identifying cases of oligodendroglioma as shown in our study. This is important as it is both a predictive as well as prognostic biomarker 2. In cases with co-deletion but IDH wild type status, the 1p19q status should be confirmed by other methods such as comparative genomic hybridization to confirm the presence of whole chromosome loss.3. FISH analysis also helps in excluding morphologic mimics of oligodendroglioma such as glioneuronal tumours and pilocytic astrocytomas in young patients. 4. However, in a resource limited country like ours, a good morphological diagnosis should still form the basis for FISH and other molecular tests to avoid unnecessary testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dewan
- CORE Diagnostics, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - L Kini
- CORE Diagnostics, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - S Sharma
- CORE Diagnostics, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - M Bhardwaj
- CORE Diagnostics, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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4
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Shah SB, Bhardwaj M, Bhargava AK, Kansal A. Meeting the challenges in HIV patients undergoing robotic oncosurgery. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2018; 34:402-404. [PMID: 30386029 PMCID: PMC6194818 DOI: 10.4103/joacp.joacp_111_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S B Shah
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - M Bhardwaj
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Bhargava
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - A Kansal
- Department of Anaesthesia, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India
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Mahapatra HS, Pursnani L, Verma H, Bhardwaj M. Kimura's Disease Presenting as Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Complete Heart Block. Indian J Nephrol 2018; 28:251-253. [PMID: 29962683 PMCID: PMC5998726 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_189_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. S. Mahapatra
- Department of Nephrology, Dr. R.M.L Hospital, PGIMER, New Delhi, India
| | - L. Pursnani
- Department of Nephrology, Dr. R.M.L Hospital, PGIMER, New Delhi, India
| | - H. Verma
- Department of Nephrology, Dr. R.M.L Hospital, PGIMER, New Delhi, India
| | - M. Bhardwaj
- Department of Pathology, Dr. R.M.L Hospital, PGIMER, New Delhi, India
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Khanna G, Pathak P, Suri V, Sharma MC, Chaturvedi S, Ahuja A, Bhardwaj M, Garg A, Sarkar C, Sharma R. Immunohistochemical and molecular genetic study on epithelioid glioblastoma: Series of seven cases with review of literature. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:679-685. [PMID: 29615337 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Epithelioid glioblastoma (e-gbm) is a recently described variant of glioblastoma (GBM) which is associated with short survival and now added as a provisional entity to WHO 2016 classification of CNStumors. About half of these tumors show characteristic BRAF-V600E mutation. However, unlike conventional GBMs, e-gbm lack specific diagnostic and prognostic markers. Hence, we aimed to molecularly characterize these tumors. An extensive review of literature was performed.In a multi-institutional effort, all the cases of glioblastoma of year 2017 were reviewed. Cases with predominant epithelioid morphology were analysed. Seven cases of e-gbm (adults:4 and pediatric: 3) were identified. Duration of symptoms varied from 2 weeks to one month. Radiologically, all cases were supratentorial, contrast enhancing with solid and cystic appearance. Majority of the cases were immunopositive for GFAP (71%), EMA (71%), S100 (71%) and vimentin (85%). All the cases showed ATRX, INI-1 and H3K27me3 expression. BRAFV600Emutation was seen in 28% of cases. TERT mutation was seen in 40% cases, while one case showed EGFR amplification. H3F3A mutations and PTEN deletions were seen in none. Although e-gbms are rare, epithelioid morphology of a CNS tumor in a young adult or children with areas of necrosis needs thorough histomorphological and genetic workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Khanna
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Pankaj Pathak
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Vaishali Suri
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Mehar Chand Sharma
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Sujata Chaturvedi
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Arvind Ahuja
- Department of Pathology, PGIMER & Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - M Bhardwaj
- Department of Pathology, PGIMER & Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - Ajay Garg
- Department of Neuroradiology,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
| | - Chitra Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Rajeev Sharma
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
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Bhardwaj M, Price J, Landry M, Harvey P, Hensel J. The Association Between Depression Severity and Cardiac Risk Factors Among Women Referred to a Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention Clinic. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Mahapatra HS, Ramanarayanan S, Gupta A, Bhardwaj M. Co-existence of classic familial lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase deficiency and fish eye disease in the same family. Indian J Nephrol 2015; 25:362-5. [PMID: 26664212 PMCID: PMC4663774 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.157802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a family with a rare genetic disorder arising out of mutation in the gene that encodes for the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). The proband presented with nephrotic syndrome, hemolytic anemia, cloudy cornea, and dyslipidemia. Kidney biopsy showed certain characteristic features to suggest LCAT deficiency, and the enzyme activity in the serum was undetectable. Mother and younger sister showed corneal opacity and dyslipidemia but no renal or hematological involvement. These two members had a milder manifestation of the disease called fish eye disease. This case is presented to emphasize the importance of taking family history and doing a good clinical examination in patients with nephrotic syndrome and carefully analyze the lipid fractions in these subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Mahapatra
- Department of Nephrology, PGIMER, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - S Ramanarayanan
- Department of Nephrology, PGIMER, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Nephrology, PGIMER, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - M Bhardwaj
- Department of Nephrology, PGIMER, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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9
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Bhardwaj M, Arteta M, Batmunkh T, Briceno Leonardo L, Caraballo Y, Carvalho D, Dan W, Erdogan S, Brborovic H, Gudrun K, Ilse U, Ingle GK, Joshi SK, Kishore J, Khan Z, Retneswari M, Menses C, Moraga D, Njan A, Okonkwo FO, Ozlem K, Ravichandran S, Rosales J, Rybacki M, Sainnyambuu M, Shathanapriya K, Radon K. Attitude of medical students towards occupational safety and health: a multi-national study. Int J Occup Environ Med 2015; 6:7-19. [PMID: 25588221 PMCID: PMC6977061 DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2015.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related diseases contribute immensely to the global burden of diseases. Better understanding of attitudes of health care workers towards occupational safety and health (OSH) is important for planning. OBJECTIVE To assess the attitude of medical students towards OSH around the globe. METHODS A questionnaire assessing the attitude towards OSH was administered to medical and paramedical students of 21 Medical Universities across the globe. In the current study 1895 students, aged 18-36 years, from 17 countries were included. After having performed a principal components analysis, the associations of interest between the identified components and other socio demographic characteristics were assessed by multivariate linear regression. RESULTS Principal component analysis revealed 3 components. Students from lower and lower-middle-income countries had a more positive attitude towards OSH, but the importance of OSH was still rated higher by students from upper-income countries. Although students from Asian and African continents showed high interest for OSH, European and South-Central American students comparatively rated importance of OSH to be higher. Paramedical students had more positive attitude towards OSH than medical students. CONCLUSION The attitude of students from lower-income and lower-middle-income towards importance of OSH is negative. This attitude could be changed by recommending modifications to OSH courses that reflect the importance of OSH. Since paramedical students showed more interest in OSH than medical students, modifications in existing health care system with major role of paramedics in OSH service delivery is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bhardwaj
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Taxak S, Vashisht K, Kaur KP, Ahlawat G, Bhardwaj M. A study to evaluate fibreoptic-guided intubation through the i-gel™. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/22201173.2013.10872907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Taxak
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Haryana, India
| | - K Vashisht
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Haryana, India
| | - KP Kaur
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Haryana, India
| | - G Ahlawat
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Haryana, India
| | - M Bhardwaj
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Haryana, India
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Bhardwaj M, Baum U, Markevych I, Mohamed A, Weinmann T, Nowak D, Radon K. Are primary school students exposed to higher noise levels than secondary school students in Germany? Int J Occup Environ Med 2013; 4:2-11. [PMID: 23279793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise, one of the major environmental nuisances, affects the learning ability of children negatively. OBJECTIVE With the assumption that in the existing German 4-type school system children are exposed to various noise levels in each type of school, we investigated the association between children's school type and environmental noise level. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we included 550 children, primary and secondary school students, aged 8-12 years, and who lived in 4 Bavarian cities. The environmental noise level was assessed by personal 24-h dosimeter measurements. The associations of interest were assessed by linear regression. RESULTS The average day noise level of 80.0 dB(A) was relatively high, exceeding the threshold level of 60 dB(A). In the model adjusted for sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and place of residence, noise level was significantly higher for primary schools by almost 2.3 dB(A); however, after additional adjustments for age, this association was distorted. The mean night noise level of 43.7 dB(A) was not associated with the school level. We could not find any significant differences in the noise level between different types of secondary schools. CONCLUSION We found evidence that in Germany, children, especially of a younger age from primary school, are exposed to high noise levels during day in and outside the school environment. School administration and parents should work to make schools less noisy and more accomplished for learning to achieve a bright future for the children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bhardwaj
- Clinical Center of the Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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12
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Soltanifar S, Tunstill S, Bhardwaj M, Russell R. The incidence of postoperative morbidity following general anaesthesia for caesarean section. Int J Obstet Anesth 2011; 20:365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Bhardwaj M, Dixit A. Dialysis for severe hyponatraemia in preeclampsia. Obstet Med 2010; 3:87. [PMID: 27582851 DOI: 10.1258/om.2010.100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Bhardwaj
- Department of Anaesthesia, High Wycombe Hospital , High Wycombe , UK
| | - Archana Dixit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West Middlesex University Hospital , Isleworth , UK
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Shashi A, Sharma N, Bhardwaj M. Pathological evaluation of pancreatic exocrine glands in experimental fluorosis. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(10)60028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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16
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Kar HK, Raina A, Sharma PK, Bhardwaj M. Annular vesiculobullous eruptions in type 2 reaction in borderline lepromatous leprosy: a case report. Indian J Lepr 2009; 81:205-208. [PMID: 20704077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An untreated case of BL presented with clinical features of type 2 reaction (T2R) confirmed by histopathology. The case was a 18-year-old female with borderline lepromatous leprosy who developed annular vesiculobullous eruptions oversome of the pre-existing plaques on arms and upper back along with fever and severe neuritis after a short course of ofloxacin intake prescribed for urinary tract infection. In addition to the above lesions, some of the existing lesions showed acute exacerbation characterized by erythema, oedema, tenderness and vesiculobullous eruption. This can be considered as an example of leprous exacerbation as described in older literature. T2Rs are common in lepromatous leprosy and not so uncommonly are observed in borderline lepromatous leprosy. The vesiculobullous and crusted lesions developing over the existing borderline plaques, some of them presenting in an annular pattern in T2R in the form of leprous exacerbation, have been reported rarely in the literature.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Clofazimine/administration & dosage
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Erythema Nodosum/drug therapy
- Erythema Nodosum/pathology
- Female
- Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage
- Humans
- Leprostatic Agents/administration & dosage
- Leprosy, Borderline/complications
- Leprosy, Borderline/drug therapy
- Leprosy, Borderline/pathology
- Leprosy, Lepromatous/drug therapy
- Leprosy, Lepromatous/pathology
- Prednisolone/administration & dosage
- Recurrence
- Skin/pathology
- Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/complications
- Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/drug therapy
- Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/pathology
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Kar
- Department of Dermatology, PGIMER and Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi-110001, India
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17
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Sharma P, Bhardwaj M, Kar HK. Inoculation leprosy and HIV co-infection: a rare case with nerve involvement preceding development of skin patch and type 1 reaction as immune reconstitution syndrome following antiretroviral therapy. Indian J Lepr 2009; 81:75-79. [PMID: 20509336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The transmission of leprosy has been universally accepted to be primarily, through nasal dissemination from multibacillary patients to the susceptible persons. However, the possibility of leprosy transmission through prolonged skin contact with abraded leprous skin or through skin inoculation can not be ruled out. We report a case of development of a paucibacillary leprosy patch close to the site of a local trauma, after an interval of about 13-14 years, in a HIV positive subject. Also discussed are the various hypotheses in the aetiopathogenesis of leprosy like entry route of lepra bacilli into the body, viability of lepra bacilli in the environment and evolution of skin and nerve lesions of leprosy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, STDs and Leprosy, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital and PGIMER, Baba Kharag Singh Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
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18
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Sharma P, Kar HK, Singh B, Deepak D, Bhardwaj M. Systemic sarcoidosis in a case of lepromatous leprosy: a case report. Indian J Lepr 2008; 80:275-278. [PMID: 19432358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The clinical features of cutaneous sarcoidosis and leprosy are some times difficult to differentiate and there have been many reports where pulmonary sarcoidosis was treated as pulmonary tuberculosis or a case of sarcoidosis was treated with anti-leprosy multidrug therapy, before a correct diagnosis was made. So far there has been only one published case report of leprosy and sarcoidosis co-infection, where tuberculoid leprosy developed in a case of sarcoidosis, known for over a decade. We are reporting a case of dual affliction, where sarcoidosis was discovered (on routine screening) in a case of lepromatous leprosy, after administration of 2 years of multidrug therapy. The role of mycobacterial antigens (among a vast array of different animate or inanimate particles) in causation of sarcoidosis, is still speculative, as reviewed from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, STDs and Leprosy, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital and PGIMER, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
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19
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Ichhpujani RL, Mala C, Veena M, Singh J, Bhardwaj M, Bhattacharya D, Pattanaik SK, Balakrishnan N, Reddy AK, Samnpath G, Gandhi N, Nagar SS, Shiv L. Epidemiology of animal bites and rabies cases in India. A multicentric study. J Commun Dis 2008; 40:27-36. [PMID: 19127666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Rabies, a disease of antiquity continues to be a major public health problem in India. Multiple factors contribute to high mortality and morbidity due to animal bites. An effective strategy for control of rabies takes into account the epidemiology of animal bites, rabies and factors influencing post exposure treatment. The study was carried out as a part of Agreement for Performance of Work (APW) from World Health Organization (WHO) during the period April 2001 to September 2002. Two sets of proformae were developed and used after field testing to interview cases of animal bites and get retrospective information about rabies cases. The study was carried out at six selected centres across the country viz. Delhi, Hyderabad, Raipur, Jamnagar, Coonoor and Rajahmundry and was co-ordinated by National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD), Delhi. The officials engaged in the study work were thoroughly trained in the study methodology before the start of the study itself. To maintain quality and uniformity supervisory checks were done during the survey. A total of 1357 fresh animal bite victims were interviewed (exit interview) from the anti-rabies centres (ARCs). Dog bites caused maximum morbidity (92%). Second most common biting animal was monkey (3.2%), followed by cat (1.8%), fox (0.4%) etc. Most bites (64.3%) were unprovoked bites by stray (64.7%) animals. In this study 72.4% animal bite victims were males and 47.5% were children in age group of 2-18 years. 63% had Category III exposure as per the WHO classification. Before coming to ARCs 58.5% people had washed the wound with water/soap or water alone. Some of the bite victims (10.8%) had also applied chillies, salt, turmeric powder, lime, snuff powder, paste of leaves, acid, ash given by Peer Baba (magician) etc. These practices varied from one region to another. The practice of wound washing at the ARC which is an important component of animal bite management was being practiced at only one of the six centres. Of the six centres, Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG) was available and was being used at only two centres. The study was conducted in public sector ARCs where Nervous Tissue Vaccine (NTV) was available free of cost. All the centres were using NTV except Coonoor, which is using indigenously produced Tissue Culture Vaccine along with NTV. Analysis of 192 case records of rabies cases, from two centres, revealed that dog bites caused maximum mortality (96.9%). Nearly 40% were children below 15 years of age and 78.6% were males indicating that it is an exposure related disease. In all cases, failure to seek timely and appropriate treatment led to development of disease. This paper provides an overview of epidemiology of animal bites and retrospective information about rabies patients. There is a need to strengthen Information, Education and Communication (IEC) programme regarding merits of local wound management including "do's and don'ts". ARCs should be strengthened in terms of facilities and availability of safe and effective anti rabies immunobiologicals. There is a need to create awareness regarding epidemiology and at-home and hospital management of animal bites among the service providers and general community.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Ichhpujani
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Rabies Epidemiology, National Institute of Communicable Diseases, 22-Shamnath Marg, Delhi
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20
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Saxena K, Nischal H, Bhardwaj M, Gaba P, Shastry B. Right molar approach to tracheal intubation in a child with Pierre Robin syndrome, cleft palate, and tongue tie. Br J Anaesth 2008; 100:141-2. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aem359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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21
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Abstract
The management of Jehovah's Witnesses suffering from severe haemorrhage can be very difficult. Those patients who are taking oral anticoagulant therapy pose an additional risk and the difficulty may be compounded by the development of coagulopathy. Several alternatives to blood products have been reported to be useful in this situation. We report the successful management of an emergency postsurgical wound bleeding in a Jehovah's Witness using Beriplex (a concentrate of factors II, VII, IX and X). The patient, who was taking warfarin, presented 10 days after an elective laminectomy with significant bleeding from the surgical wound and coagulopathy. Despite early surgical measures, there was continuing haemorrhage. This was arrested by giving Beriplex intra-operatively. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of the use of Beriplex in a Jehovah's Witness for control of emergency haemorrhage and coagulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bhardwaj
- Department of Anaesthetics, Stoke Madeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK.
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22
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Kumar P, Sharma PK, Jain RK, Gautam RK, Bhardwaj M, Kar HK. Oral ulcer as an unusual feature of visceral leishmaniasis in an AIDS patient. Indian J Med Sci 2007; 61:97-101. [PMID: 17259689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a globally prevalent parasitic disease, occurs in three forms, viz, visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous. It is transmitted by female Phlebotomus sandflies. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is increasing worldwide and several reports indicate a rising trend of VL / HIV co-infection, modifying the traditional anthroponotic pattern of VL transmission. India is one of the countries having the largest burden of leishmaniasis; nevertheless, there are very few HIV / leishmania co-infection cases reported so far. We report a 35-year-old homemaker infected with the human immunodeficiency virus; she presented with an oral ulcer. The investigations carried out on her revealed that she was afflicted by visceral leishmaniasis and the oral ulceration was a part of the same. This is only the second such case from the Indian subcontinent and more significantly from a non-endemic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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23
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Ghosh A, Bhardwaj M, Satyanarayana T, Khurana M, Mayilraj S, Jain RK. Bacillus lehensis sp. nov., an alkalitolerant bacterium isolated from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007; 57:238-242. [PMID: 17267957 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-positive, endospore-forming, alkalitolerant bacterial strain, designated MLB2T, was isolated from soil from Leh, India, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The strain exhibited phenotypic properties that included chemotaxonomic characteristics consistent with its classification in the genusBacillus. Growth was observed at pH 7.0–11.0, but not at pH 6.0. The DNA G+C content was 41.4 mol%. The highest level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was withBacillus oshimensisJCM 12663T(98.8 %). However, DNA–DNA hybridization experiments indicated low levels of genomic relatedness with the type strains ofB. oshimensis(62 %),Bacillus patagoniensis(55 %),Bacillus clausii(51 %) andBacillus gibsonii(34 %), the species with which strain MLB2Tformed a coherent cluster (based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis). On the basis of the phenotypic characteristics and genotypic distinctiveness of strain MLB2T, it should be classified within a novel species ofBacillus, for which the nameBacillus lehensissp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MLB2T(=MTCC 7633T=JCM 13820T).
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MESH Headings
- Alkalies/pharmacology
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
- Bacillus/classification
- Bacillus/cytology
- Bacillus/isolation & purification
- Bacillus/physiology
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- Base Composition
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial
- Genes, rRNA/genetics
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- India
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Soil Microbiology
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghosh
- Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - M Bhardwaj
- Microbiology, University of Delhi, South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - T Satyanarayana
- Microbiology, University of Delhi, South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - M Khurana
- Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - S Mayilraj
- Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - R K Jain
- Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
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Kumar P, Sharma PK, Jain RK, Gautam RK, Bhardwaj M, Kar HK. Oral ulcer as an unusual feature of visceral leishmaniasis in an AIDS patient. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-5359.30350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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Chhabra M, Ichhpujani RL, Bhardwaj M, Tiwari KN, Panda RC, Lal S. Safety and immunogenicity of the intradermal Thai red cross (2-2-2-0-1-1) post exposure vaccination regimen in the Indian population using purified chick embryo cell rabies vaccine. Indian J Med Microbiol 2005; 23:24-8. [PMID: 15928417 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the immunogenicity of the WHO recommended "2-2-2-0-1-1" post-exposure rabies vaccination regimen in Indian subjects to determine the feasibility of replacing crude sheep brain nerve tissue rabies vaccine with modern tissue culture rabies vaccine at major anti-rabies treatment centers throughout India. METHODS Purified chick embryo cell vaccine (PCECV) was administered in the dosage of 0.1 mL per site to 53 Indian subjects. RESULTS All subjects produced rabies antibodies above 0.5 IU/mL by day 14 post-vaccination. Only minor adverse reactions including swelling (6.6%), erythema (5.4%) and pain (1.4%) were observed for which no treatment was required. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that PCECV is safe and highly immunogenic in Indian subjects when administered intradermally as 0.1 mL/site using the "2-2-2-0-1-1" post-exposure regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mala Chhabra
- National Institute of Communicable Diseases, Sham Nath Marg, New Delhi 110 054, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V R Reddy
- Department of Surgery and Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Posttraumatic intra-abdominal cysts generally develop in relation to solid abdominal organs and most originate as a result of the organization of fluid or blood collection after trauma. They lack true endothelial lining and are hence called "pseudocysts." We report herein the rare case of a traumatic pseudocyst of the greater omentum in a 6-year-old child who was successfully treated by laparotomy and excision of the cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ratan
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
A 12-year-old boy with a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid is reported. The excised gland specimen also showed evidence of chronic sialadenitis. The co-existence of these two entities has not been previously reported in the literature surveyed by us. The authors feel that the two conditions may have a common underlying etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ratan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi 110 001, India
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Bhardwaj M, Eckert CG. Functional analysis of synchronous dichogamy in flowering rush, Butomus umbellatus (Butomaceae). Am J Bot 2001; 88:2204-2213. [PMID: 21669653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dichogamy is one of the most widespread floral mechanisms in flowering plants and is thought to have evolved to reduce interference between pollen import and export within flowers, especially self-pollination. Self-pollination between flowers may also be reduced if dichogamy is synchronous among flowers on an inflorescence. The analysis of dichogamy at both levels requires that the sexual phases of individual flowers be defined functionally in terms of pollen deposition and removal. We conducted morphological and functional analyses to investigate the degree of dichogamy within flowers and the synchronicity of dichogamy between flowers within inflorescences in an emergent, aquatic monocot, flowering rush (Butomus umbellatus). Based on daily observations of the development of marked flowers, data on the schedule of anther dehiscence within flowers, and repeat surveys of floral sex ratios in three populations, individual flowers appear to be strictly protandrous. On average, each flower spends ∼1 d in each of male and female phases with an intervening 1-d neuter phase during which there is no available pollen in anthers and stigmas are not yet exposed to receive pollen. Morphological criteria used to delimit the beginning and end of each of these three sex phases were validated by quantifying the temporal schedule of pollen removal from anthers and pollen deposition on stigmas. Experimental pollinations showed that the morphological changes marking the end of female phase are hastened by pollen deposition. At the umbel level, synchronous development within sequential cohorts of flowers reduced overlap of male and female sexual phases between flowers. On average (±1 SE), 72 ± 3% of flowers completed their female phase while no other flowers on the same umbel were in male phase. Computer simulations of umbel development showed that this value is significantly higher than expected if the timing of flower development within umbels was random (30 ± 1%). Surveys of floral sex ratios in three populations revealed that 87% of umbels were either unisexual male or female at any given time. Pollinators usually visited more than one flower in sequence when foraging on umbels, suggesting that synchronous dichogamy may be an adaptation to avoid geitonogamy. The adaptiveness of both flower- and umbel-level dichogamy is also suggested because both traits are expressed to a lesser extent in obligately clonal, triploid populations, where flowers do not make seeds and hence floral adaptations are not maintained by natural selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bhardwaj
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
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30
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Sharma PK, Gautam RK, Bhardwaj M, Kar HK. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide induced anagen effluvium and associated lichenoid eruption. J Dermatol 2001; 28:737-41. [PMID: 11804071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A 32 year-old woman developed generalised lichenoid eruptions on her body followed by diffuse loss of scalp hair of the anagen effluvium type. She was receiving several anti-tubercular drugs, including rifampicin, isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, for abdominal tuberculosis. INH, which is a leading cause of drug eruptions in the above group of drugs was withdrawn. However, the other antitubercular drugs were continued along with 40 mg of prednisolone in a single daily morning dose. The latter was discontinued slowly over a period of 10 weeks. There was complete recovery of hair loss and the regrowth started after 12 weeks of alopecia. Such anagen effluvium with lichenoid eruption following INH therapy has not been observed previously. The complete recovery from anagen effluvium is difficult to explain, but it could have been because of the early initiation of corticosteroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Kar HK, Jain RK, Sharma PK, Gautam RK, Kumar P, Bhardwaj M. Epidemic dropsy: a study of cutaneous manifestations with histopathological correlation. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2001; 67:178-9. [PMID: 17664732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and histopathological features of epidemic dropsy were studied in 19 patients. Bilateral pitting pedal oedema, erythrocyanosis and tachycardia without fever were the predominant clinical features. Histology revealed deposition of hyaline material on the walls of dermal blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Kar
- Department of Dermatology & S.T.D. and Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi-110001, India
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Yadav TP, Singh R, Yadav R, Bhardwaj M, Satyanarayana L. Role of cetirizine in treatment of eosinophilia. Indian Pediatr 2000; 37:1098-101. [PMID: 11042709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T P Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi 110 011, India
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Singh J, Balakrishnan N, Bhardwaj M, Amuthadevi P, George EG, Subramani K, Soundararajan K, Appavoo NC, Jain DC, Ichhpujani RL, Bhatia R, Sokhey J. Silent spread of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever to Coimbatore and Erode districts in Tamil Nadu, India, 1998: need for effective surveillance to monitor and control the disease. Epidemiol Infect 2000; 125:195-200. [PMID: 11057977 PMCID: PMC2869587 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268899003866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever (DF) or dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) has not previously been reported in Coimbatore and Erode districts in Tamil Nadu in India. In 1998, 20 hospitalized cases of fever tested positive for dengue virus IgM and/or IgG antibodies. All of them had dengue-compatible illness, and at least four had DHF. Two of them died. Sixteen cases were below 10 years of age. The cases were scattered in 15 distantly located villages and 5 urban localities that had a high Aedes aegypti population. Although the incidence of dengue-like illness has not increased recently, almost 89% (95/107) of samples from healthy persons in the community tested positive for dengue IgG antibodies. The study showed that dengue has been endemic in the area, but was not suspected earlier. A strong laboratory-based surveillance system is essential to monitor and control DF/DHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Singh
- National Institute of Communicable Diseases, Delhi, India
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Sharma R, Choudhary SK, Mohan MR, Padma MV, Jain S, Bhardwaj M, Bhan A, Kiran U, Saxena N, Venugopal P. Neurological evaluation and intelligence testing in the child with operated congenital heart disease. Ann Thorac Surg 2000; 70:575-81. [PMID: 10969683 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(00)01397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immediate and intermediate-term neurodevelopmental outcome in infants undergoing open heart procedures using deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass was assessed prospectively. METHODS One hundred consecutive infants (age 2 to 174 days) were operated on using either deep hypothermic bypass only (group A, n = 28), or with associated circulatory arrest (group B, n = 72). Early neurological outcome was recorded. Survivors underwent mental development evaluation after 31 to 55 months. Fifty other children of similar demographic profile but without heart disease were also tested as controls. RESULTS In group A, there were two neurological deaths. In group B, 5 patients had clinical seizures, 1 had monoparesis and 1 had hyperkinetic syndrome with decreased attention span. Mean mental performance quotient was 90.0+/-8.2 in group A, and 89.1+/-6.8 in group B, (group A vs. B, p = 0.60). Mean mental performance quotient in the control group was 101.4+/-8.4, which was significantly higher than the patient population (p << 0.001). No correlation was found between duration of circulatory arrest and postoperative mental performance quotient. CONCLUSIONS There was significant retardation of mental development in infants operated with deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. However, use of total circulatory arrest and its duration did not affect clinical outcome up to preschool age.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sharma
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi.
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Yadav TP, Bhardwaj M, Aggarwal S, Mohan B, Ndeswari A. Mediastinal enteric cyst infected with Salmonella typhi. Indian Pediatr 2000; 37:667-70. [PMID: 10869152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T P Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi 110 001, India
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Abstract
Three cases of unusual cervical fistulae are presented with a review of the literature to caution against labelling all lateral cervical fistulae as simple branchial fistulae or midline ones as dermoid cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
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37
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Valeja R, Pal S, Mann MS, Hadke NS, Bhardwaj M. Isolated common bile duct tuberculosis. Indian J Gastroenterol 1999; 18:125-6. [PMID: 10407571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report a patient with isolated involvement of common bile duct by tuberculosis. The diagnosis was established by histological examination of the resected specimen. Surgery and antitubercular chemotherapy resulted in complete recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Valeja
- Department of Surgery and Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi
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Dhamija RK, Chugh S, Yadav RB, Bhardwaj M. Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia due to tuberculosis. J Assoc Physicians India 1998; 46:394. [PMID: 11273327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R K Dhamija
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi 110 001
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Seghal S, Bhattacharya D, Bhardwaj M. Five-year longitudinal study of efficacy and safety of purified Vero cell rabies vaccine for post-exposure prophylaxis of rabies in Indian population. J Commun Dis 1997; 29:23-8. [PMID: 9282525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Three hundred and nine (309) persons, vaccinated against rabies with Purified Vero-cell Rabies (PVR) vaccine from 1991-1995, were included in this five-year longitudinal study. This study was conducted to observe the consistency, immunogenicity, inocuity, safety and efficacy of this vaccine under field conditions. All the 309 persons attended our centre after taking post-exposure vaccination following bites by suspected rabid animals or contact with hydrophobia patients for antirabies antibody titre estimation. The vaccine was very well tolerated by vaccinees with only 7 per cent, complaining of mild to moderate side reactions. On an average, every year 70-100 vaccinees reported at this centre after PVR vaccination. The epidemiological characteristics of rabies based on above data are also discussed in this paper. Serological response, i.e., antirabies antibody titre following vaccination in all these persons were found to be satisfactory with mean antibody titre of 4.25 I.U./ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seghal
- WHO Collaborative Centre for Rabies Epidemiology, South-East Asia Zoonosis Division, National Institute of Communicable Diseases, Delhi
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40
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Jones JP, Lee D, Bhardwaj M, Vanderkam V, Achauer B. Non-Contact Ultrasonic Imaging for the Evaluation of Burn-Depth and other Biomedical Applications. Acoustical Imaging 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-8588-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Abstract
A 22-year-old male had had five skin colored tumorous growths on the mid-palm, ring and little fingers of the right hand for the last 15 years. Histopathological examination with hematoxylin and eosin and special stains confirmed the diagnosis of connective tissue nevi of collagen type. There were no associated cutaneous or systemic findings; thus the case was designated as isolated collagenoma. A review of connective tissue nevi of the collagen type is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gautam
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gautam
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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43
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Rao PN, Mehta SN, Guleria S, Bhardwaj M, Saxena S, Khazanchi RK, Aggarwal S, Tiwari SC, Dash SC. The quality of life in successful live-related renal allograft recipients in India. Natl Med J India 1996; 9:118-9. [PMID: 8664821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high cost of maintenance of haemodialysis makes most patients in India and elsewhere opt for a renal transplant. The degree of rehabilitation can best be assessed by evaluating the quality of life in successful recipients. METHODS We studied vocational rehabilitation, social relations, sexual and married life, psychological status and life satisfaction in 51 successful live-related renal allograft recipients using Schwab's depressive scale, Bigot's life satisfaction index and the Kamofsky physical scale. RESULTS Eight-four per cent of our patients had returned to their original jobs. Ninety-eight per cent of patients had a Kamofsky scale of 90-100 and 81% were leading a normal married life. Ninety-four per cent of them led an active social life. CONCLUSION Successful live-related renal transplantation is associated with a good quality of life and should be the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Rao
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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44
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Parsad D, Gautam RK, Kar HK, Jain RK, Bhardwaj M. Papuloerythroderma of ofuji. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1995; 61:299-300. [PMID: 20952996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A 62-year old female had intensely pruritic eruption consisting of widespread coalescing sheets of uniform erythematous papules with characterstic sparing of body folds (deck-chair sign). Papuloerhthroderma of Ofuji is a rare disease of unknown aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Parsad
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Dr R M L Hospital, New Delhi-100 001, India
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45
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Yadav TP, Mishra S, Gupta VK, Gautam RK, Kar HK, Bhardwaj M. Odontotrichodysplasia: a case report with a review of conditions combining ectodermal dysplasia (subgroup 1-2) with skin manifestations. J Dermatol 1995; 22:606-10. [PMID: 7560461 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1995.tb03883.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We report a 5-year-old girl with partial anodontia, hypotrichosis, hyperpigmentation of the skin, absence of pilosebaceous structures, and long thin fingers. There has as yet been, to the best of our knowledge, no report of such a combination of features. A review of conditions combining ectodermal dysplasia (subgroup 1-2) with skin manifestations is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Yadav
- Department of Paediatrics, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Sehgal S, Bhattacharya D, Bhardwaj M. Ten year longitudinal study of efficacy and safety of purified chick embryo cell vaccine for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis of rabies in Indian population. J Commun Dis 1995; 27:36-43. [PMID: 7636151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
One thousand three hundred and seventy-five (1375) persons, who were vaccinated against Rabies with Purified Chick Embryo Cell (PCEC) vaccine from 1984 to 1993, were included in this ten-year longitudinal study, conducted to observe the consistency, immunogenicity, inocuity, safety and efficacy of PCEC vaccine under controlled trial and field conditions. The study period was divided into three phases. Phases I and II covered the premarketing controlled trial and Phase III the post-marketing serosurveillance study of the vaccine. During Phase I, fifteen healthy volunteers were given a pre-exposure regime of vaccine on Day 0, 7 and 21, and the rest 15, simulated post-exposure regime on Day 0, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90. All the subjects had satisfactory antirabies antibody response with mean titres, of 7.08 and 5.72 I.U./ml respectively, and minimal side reactions. In the Phase II, from 1984-85, 56 persons with proven rabid animal bites were given post-exposure vaccination and all had satisfactory antibody titres with mean titre of 4.45 I.U./ml after 6th dose of vaccine and with minimal side reactions. 19 to 36 months follow up after vaccination revealed no vaccine failures. In the Phase III post-marketing field study conducted from 1985 to 1993, 1289 persons reported to our Centre for consulation and antirabies antibody titre estimation following PCEC vaccination. One thousand two hundred and fifty-two (1252) persons took post-exposure vaccination following bites by rabid animals, contact with an hydrophobia patient and 37 high risk personnel took pre-exposure vaccination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sehgal
- WHO Collaborative Center for Rabies Epidemiology for South-East Asia, National Institute of Communicable Diseases, Delhi, India
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47
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Singh G, Malik AK, Bhardwaj M, Rodrigues P. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1995; 61:67-68. [PMID: 20952891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Bhardwaj M, Rohtagi M. Post-operative mental development in patients with hydrocephalus and craniosynostosis. Indian Pediatr 1994; 31:1301-4. [PMID: 7875803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Bhardwaj
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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49
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Sehgal S, Bhattacharya D, Bhardwaj M. Clinical evaluation of purified vero-cell rabies vaccine in patients bitten by rabid animals in India. J Commun Dis 1994; 26:139-46. [PMID: 7868836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-five individuals bitten by rabid animals were administered purified vero-cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) at WHO Collaborative Centre for Rabies Epidemiology for South-East Asia at National Institute of Communicable Diseases, Delhi to test its immunogenicity, inocuity, safety and clinical efficacy. Fifty-two (94.5 per cent) of these individuals underwent complete course of treatment. Sera samples collected prior to the commencement of treatment showed all these persons to be sero-negative for antibody against Rabies virus. However mean titre of 2.44 I.U./ml, 7.76 I.U./ml and 10.77 I.U./ml were detected after third, fourth and sixth injections, respectively of PVRV. Persistance of protective titres of this antibody could be demonstrated even after 15 months of treatment. Of 327 inoculations, local and general reactions were observed after 10.6 per cent inoculations. All these cases were followed up for periods between 7 and 25 months and were, alive and healthy till the end of observation period, thereby proving the efficacy of the vaccine in preventing rabies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sehgal
- WHO Collaborative Centre for Rabies Epidemiology for South-East Asia, National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD), Delhi, India
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50
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Jaiswal AK, Bhardwaj M, Singh G, Pillai J, Badrinath S, Malik AK. Palmoplantar syphilides: an isolated and identical manifestation of conjugal infection in marital partners. Int J Dermatol 1994; 33:449-50. [PMID: 8056484 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1994.tb04052.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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