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Kumar A, Malik MS, Shabnam S, Kumar R, Karmakar S, Das SS, Lakra K, Singh I, Kumar R, Sinha AK, Barla S, Kumari N, Oraon PR, Prasad M, Hasan W, Mahto D, Kumar J. Carbon sequestration and credit potential of gamhar (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) based agroforestry system for zero carbon emission of India. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4828. [PMID: 38413650 PMCID: PMC10899571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The agroforestry system is the best option to achieve the net zero carbon emissions target for India. Keeping this view, carbon sequestration and credit potential of gamhar based agroforestry system has been assessed. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design in seven different treatments with five replications. Gamhar tree biomass accumulation was higher in gamhar based agroforestry system compared to sole gamhar. Among different tree components, stem contributed a maximum to total gamhar tree biomass followed by roots, leaves and branches. The average contributions of stems, roots, leaves and branches in total tree biomass in two annual cycles (2016-17 and 2017-18) varied between 50 and 60, 19.8 and 20, 19.2 and 20, and 10.7 and 12.7 percent, respectively. In case of crops, above ground, below ground and total biomass was significantly higher in sole intercrops than gamhar based agroforestry system. Total (Tree + interrops + Soil) carbon stock, carbon sequestration, carbon credit and carbon price were significantly affected by treatments, and was maximum in Sole Greengram-Mustard. Net carbon emission was also recorded lowest in Sole Greengram-Mustard for which the values were 811.55% and 725.24% and 760.69% lower than Sole Gamhar in 2016-17, 2017-18 and in pooled data, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar
- KVK, Jehanabad, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, 813210, India.
| | - M S Malik
- Faculty of Forestry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Swati Shabnam
- Faculty of Forestry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Ranchi Agriculture College, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India.
| | - S Karmakar
- Department of Agronomy, Ranchi Agriculture College, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Soumitra Sankar Das
- Faculty of Management and Commerce, The ICFAI University, Agartala, Tripura, 799210, India
| | - Kerobim Lakra
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ranchi Agriculture College, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Indra Singh
- Department of Silviculture, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar, Uttarakhand, 246123, India
| | - Rikesh Kumar
- Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835303, India
| | - Asha Kumari Sinha
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Ranchi Agriculture College, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Sheela Barla
- Department of Agronomy, Ranchi Agriculture College, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Nargis Kumari
- Department of Agronomy, Ranchi Agriculture College, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - P R Oraon
- Faculty of Forestry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Muneshwar Prasad
- KVK, Jehanabad, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, 813210, India
| | - Wajid Hasan
- KVK, Jehanabad, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, 813210, India
| | - Dinesh Mahto
- KVK, Jehanabad, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, 813210, India
| | - Jeetendra Kumar
- KVK, Jehanabad, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, 813210, India
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Malik MS, Alshareef HF, Alfaidi KA, Ather H, Abduljaleel Z, Hussein EM, Moussa Z, Ahmed SA. Exploring the untapped pharmacological potential of imidazopyridazines. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3972-3984. [PMID: 38288152 PMCID: PMC10823362 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07280k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Imidazopyridazines are fused heterocycles, like purines, with a pyridazine ring replacing the pyrimidine ring in purines. Imidazopyridazines have been primarily studied for their kinase inhibition activity in the development of new anticancer and antimalarial agents. In addition to this, they have also been investigated for their anticonvulsant, antiallergic, antihistamine, antiviral, and antitubercular properties. Herein, we review the background and development of different imidazopyridazines as potential pharmacological agents. Moreover, the scope of this relatively less charted heterocyclic scaffold is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossa F Alshareef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Alfaidi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hissana Ather
- Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainularifeen Abduljaleel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU) Abha 62529 Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam M Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University P.O. Box 15551 Al Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
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Shoaib S, Khan FB, Alsharif MA, Malik MS, Ahmed SA, Jamous YF, Uddin S, Tan CS, Ardianto C, Tufail S, Ming LC, Yusuf N, Islam N. Reviewing the Prospective Pharmacological Potential of Isothiocyanates in Fight against Female-Specific Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082390. [PMID: 37190316 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancers are the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in females worldwide. Despite the advancement of diagnostic tools as well as the availability of various therapeutic interventions, the incidence and mortality of female-specific cancers is still a life-threatening issue, prevailing as one of the major health problems worldwide. Lately, alternative medicines have garnered immense attention as a therapeutic intervention against various types of cancers, seemingly because of their safety profiles and enhanced effectiveness. Isothiocyanates (ITCs), specifically sulforaphane, benzyl isothiocyanate, and phenethyl isothiocyanate, have shown an intriguing potential to actively contribute to cancer cell growth inhibition, apoptosis induction, epigenetic alterations, and modulation of autophagy and cancer stem cells in female-specific cancers. Additionally, it has been shown that ITCs plausibly enhance the chemo-sensitization of many chemotherapeutic drugs. To this end, evidence has shown enhanced efficacy in combinatorial regimens with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and/or other phytochemicals. Reckoning with these, herein, we discuss the advances in the knowledge regarding the aspects highlighting the molecular intricacies of ITCs in female-specific cancers. In addition, we have also argued regarding the potential of ITCs either as solitary treatment or in a combinatorial therapeutic regimen for the prevention and/or treatment of female-specific cancers. Hopefully, this review will open new horizons for consideration of ITCs in therapeutic interventions that would undoubtedly improve the prognosis of the female-specific cancer clientele. Considering all these, it is reasonable to state that a better understanding of these molecular intricacies will plausibly provide a facile opportunity for treating these female-specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Shoaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Farheen Badrealam Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Meshari A Alsharif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Yahya F Jamous
- Vaccines and Bioprocessing Center, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Laboratory of Animal Center, Qatar University, Doha 2731, Qatar
| | - Ching Siang Tan
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Saba Tufail
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Najmul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Malik MS, Faazil S, Alsharif MA, Sajid Jamal QM, Al-Fahemi JH, Banerjee A, Chattopadhyay A, Pal SK, Kamal A, Ahmed SA. Antibacterial Properties and Computational Insights of Potent Novel Linezolid-Based Oxazolidinones. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040516. [PMID: 37111273 PMCID: PMC10143092 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mounting evidence of bacterial resistance against commonly prescribed antibiotics warrants the development of new antibacterial drugs on an urgent basis. Linezolid, an oxazolidinone antibiotic, is a lead molecule in designing new oxazolidinones as antibacterial agents. In this study, we report the antibacterial potential of the novel oxazolidinone-sulphonamide/amide conjugates that were recently reported by our research group. The antibacterial assays showed that, from the series, oxazolidinones 2 and 3a exhibited excellent potency (MIC of 1.17 μg/mL) against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa strains, along with good antibiofilm activity. Docking studies revealed higher binding affinities of oxazolidinones 2 and 3a compared to linezolid, which were further validated by molecular dynamics simulations. In addition to this, other computational studies, one-descriptor (log P) analysis, ADME-T and drug likeness studies demonstrated the potential of these novel linezolid-based oxazolidinones to be taken forward for further studies.
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Malik MS, Ather H, Asif Ansari SM, Siddiqua A, Jamal QMS, Alharbi AH, Al-Rooqi MM, Jassas RS, Hussein EM, Moussa Z, Obaid RJ, Ahmed SA. Novel Indole-Tethered Chromene Derivatives: Synthesis, Cytotoxic Properties, and Key Computational Insights. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030333. [PMID: 36986433 PMCID: PMC10051285 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Indole-tethered chromene derivatives were synthesised in a one-pot multicomponent reaction using N-alkyl-1H-indole-3-carbaldehydes, 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione, and malononitrile, catalysed by DBU at 60–65 °C in a short reaction time. The benefits of the methodology include non-toxicity, an uncomplicated set-up procedure, a faster reaction time, and high yields. Moreover, the anticancer properties of the synthesised compounds were tested against selected cancer cell lines. The derivatives 4c and 4d displayed very good cytotoxic activity, with IC50 values ranging from 7.9 to 9.1 µM. Molecular docking revealed the potent derivatives have good binding affinity towards tubulin protein, better than the control, and the molecular dynamic simulations further demonstrated the stability of ligand-receptor interactions. Moreover, the derivatives followed all the drug-likeness filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.S.M.); (H.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Hissana Ather
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.S.M.); (H.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Shaik Mohammad Asif Ansari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayesha Siddiqua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H. Alharbi
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munirah M. Al-Rooqi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab S. Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam M. Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rami J. Obaid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.S.M.); (H.A.); (S.A.A.)
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Malik MS, Alsantali RI, Alsharif MA, Aljayzani SI, Morad M, Jassas RS, Al-Rooqi MM, Alsimaree AA, Altass HM, Asghar BH, Khder AS, Ahmed SA. Corrigendum to “Ionic liquid mediated four-component synthesis of novel phthalazinone based indole-pyran hybrids as cytotoxic agents”. [Arab. J. Chem. 15 (2022) 103560]. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Hussein EM, Moussa Z, Pal U, Alsantali RI, Alzahrani AY, Obaid RJ, Alzahrani FM, Al-Rooqi MM, Alsharif MA, El Guesmi N, Jassas RS, Shaheer Malik M, Altass HM, Pal SK, Saha Dasgupta T, Ahmed SA. Regio- and stereoselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides to (E)-3-(2-oxo-2-(pyren-1-yl)ethylidene)indolin-2-ones: A combined experimental and theoretical study. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Faazil S, Shaheer Malik M, Ahmed SA, Alsantali RI, Yedla P, Alsharif MA, Shaikh IN, Kamal A. Novel linezolid-based oxazolidinones as potent anticandidiasis and antitubercular agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Malik MS, Alsantali RA, Alzahrani AY, Jamal QMS, Hussein EM, Alfaidi KA, Al-Rooqi MM, Obaid RJ, Alsharif MA, Adil SF, Jassas RS, Moussa Z, Ahmed SA. Multicomponent synthesis, cytotoxicity, and computational studies of novel imidazopyridazine-based N-phenylbenzamides. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Malik MS, Alsantali RI, Alsharif MA, Aljayzani SI, Morad M, Jassas RS, Al-Rooqi MM, Alsimaree AA, Altass HM, Asghar BH, Khder AS, Ahmed SA. Ionic liquid mediated four-component synthesis of novel phthalazinone based indole-pyran hybrids as cytotoxic agents. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Malik MS, Alsantali RI, Jamal QMS, Seddigi ZS, Morad M, Alsharif MA, Hussein EM, Jassas RS, Al-Rooqi MM, Abduljaleel Z, Babalgith AO, Altass HM, Moussa Z, Ahmed SA. New Imidazole-Based N-Phenylbenzamide Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents: Key Computational Insights. Front Chem 2022; 9:808556. [PMID: 35155379 PMCID: PMC8830504 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.808556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient atom-economical synthetic protocol to access new imidazole-based N-phenylbenzamide derivatives is described. A one-pot three-component reaction was utilized to provide a series of N-phenylbenzamide derivatives in a short reaction time (2–4 h) with an 80–85% yield. The cytotoxic evaluation revealed that derivatives 4e and 4f exhibited good activity, with IC50 values between 7.5 and 11.1 μM against the tested cancer cell lines. Computational studies revealed interesting insights: the docking of the active derivatives (4e and 4f) showed a higher affinity toward the target receptor protein than the control. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that the active derivatives form stable complexes with the ABL1 kinase protein. Moreover, the ADME and drug-likeness of the derivatives reinforced the potential of the derivatives to be taken up for further development as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: M. Shaheer Malik, Saleh A. Ahmed,
| | - Reem I. Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki S. Seddigi
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moataz Morad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari A. Alsharif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam M. Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rabab S. Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munirah M. Al-Rooqi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed O. Babalgith
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem M. Altass
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- *Correspondence: M. Shaheer Malik, Saleh A. Ahmed,
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Ansari MA, Jamal QMS, Rehman S, Almatroudi A, Alzohairy MA, Alomary MN, Tripathi T, Alharbi AH, Adil SF, Khan M, Shaheer Malik M. TAT-peptide conjugated repurposing drug against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro): Potential therapeutic intervention to combat COVID-19. ARAB J CHEM 2021; 13:8069-8079. [PMID: 34909057 PMCID: PMC7527303 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that originated in Chinese city of Wuhan has caused around 906,092 deaths and 28,040,853 confirmed cases worldwide (https://covid19.who.int/, 11 September 2020). In a life-threatening situation, where there is no specific and licensed anti-COVID-19 vaccine or medicine available; the repurposed drug might act as a silver bullet. Currently, more than 211 vaccines, 80 antibodies, 31 antiviral drugs, 35 cell-based, 6 RNA-based and 131 other drugs are in clinical trials. It is therefore utter need of the hour to develop an effective drug that can be used for the treatment of COVID-19 before a vaccine can be developed. One of the best-characterized and attractive drug targets among coronaviruses is the main protease (3CLpro). Therefore, the current study focuses on the molecular docking analysis of TAT-peptide47–57 (GRKKRRQRRRP)-conjugated repurposed drugs (i.e., lopinavir, ritonavir, favipiravir, and hydroxychloroquine) with SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro) to discover potential efficacy of TAT-peptide (TP) - conjugated repurposing drugs against SARS-CoV-2. The molecular docking results validated that TP-conjugated ritonavir, lopinavir, favipiravir, and hydroxychloroquine have superior and significantly enhanced interactions with the target SARS-CoV-2 main protease. In-silico approach employed in this study suggests that the combination of the drug with TP is an excelling alternative to develop a novel drug for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. The development of TP based delivery of repurposing drugs might be an excellent approach to enhance the efficacy of the existing drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. The predictions from the results obtained provide invaluable information that can be utilized for the choice of candidate drugs for in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials. The outcome from this work prove crucial for exploring and developing novel cost-effective and biocompatible TP conjugated anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic agents in immediate future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suriya Rehman
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Alzohairy
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad N Alomary
- National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environmental Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Takshashila Tripathi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ali H Alharbi
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Farooq Adil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mujeeb Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Hussein EM, Malik MS, Alsantali RI, Asghar BH, Morad M, Ansari MA, Jamal QMS, Alsimaree AA, Abdalla AN, Algarni AS, Jassas RS, Altass HM, Ahmed SA. Bioactive fluorenes. Part IV: Design, synthesis, and a combined in vitro, in silico anticancer and antibacterial evaluation of new fluorene-heterocyclic sulfonamide conjugates. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Malik MS, Alsantali RI, Jassas RS, Alsimaree AA, Syed R, Alsharif MA, Kalpana K, Morad M, Althagafi II, Ahmed SA. Journey of anthraquinones as anticancer agents - a systematic review of recent literature. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35806-35827. [PMID: 35492773 PMCID: PMC9043427 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05686g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthraquinones are privileged chemical scaffolds that have been used for centuries in various therapeutic applications. The anthraquinone moiety forms the core of various anticancer agents. However, the emergence of drug-resistant cancers warrants the development of new anticancer agents. The research endeavours towards new anthraquinone-based compounds are increasing rapidly in recent years. They are used as a core chemical template to achieve structural modifications, resulting in the development of new anthraquinone-based compounds as promising anticancer agents. Mechanistically, most of the anthraquinone-based compounds inhibit cancer progression by targeting essential cellular proteins. Herein, we review new anthraquinone analogues that have been developed in recent years as anticancer agents. This includes a systematic review of the recent literature (2005-2021) on anthraquinone-based compounds in cell-based models and key target proteins such as kinases, topoisomerases, telomerases, matrix metalloproteinases and G-quadruplexes involved in the viability of cancer cells. In addition to this, the developments in PEG-based delivery of anthraquinones and the toxicity aspects of anthraquinone derivatives are also discussed. The review dispenses a compact background knowledge to understanding anthraquinones for future research on the expansion of anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem I Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University P. O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab S Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Alsimaree
- Department of Basic Science (Chemistry), College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University Afif Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Syed
- Centalla Discovery, JHUB, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad Kukatpally Hyderabad 500085 India
| | - Meshari A Alsharif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kulkarni Kalpana
- Department of Humanities and Sciences (Chemistry), Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology Bachupally Hyderabad 500090 India
| | - Moataz Morad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail I Althagafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
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Malik MS, Asghar BH, Syed R, Alsantali RI, Morad M, Altass HM, Moussa Z, Althagafi II, Jassas RS, Ahmed SA. Novel Pyran-Linked Phthalazinone-Pyrazole Hybrids: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity Evaluation, Molecular Modeling, and Descriptor Studies. Front Chem 2021; 9:666573. [PMID: 34109154 PMCID: PMC8181751 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.666573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel pyran-linked phthalazinone-pyrazole hybrids were designed and synthesized by a facile one-pot three-component reaction employing substituted phthalazinone, 1H-pyrazole-5-carbaldehyde, and active methylene compounds. Optimization studies led to the identification of L-proline and ethanol as efficient catalyst and solvent, respectively. This was followed by evaluation of anticancer activity against solid tumor cell lines of lung and cervical carcinoma that displayed IC50 values in the range of 9.8–41.6 µM. Molecular modeling studies were performed, and crucial interactions with the target protein were identified. The drug likeliness nature of the compounds and molecular descriptors such as molecular flexibility, complexity, and shape index were also calculated to understand the potential of the synthesized molecules to act as lead-like molecule upon further detailed biological investigations as well as 3D-QSAR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basim H Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Syed
- Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Reem I Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Taif University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moataz Morad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem M Altass
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ismail I Althagafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab S Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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16
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Malik MS, Adil SF, Seddigi ZS, Morad M, Jassas RS, Thagafi II, Altass HM, Sajid Jamal QM, Riyaz S, Alsantali RI, Al-Warthan AA, Ansari MA, Ahmed SA. Molecular modelling assisted design of napthalimide-dihydropyrimidinone conjugates as potential cytotoxic agents. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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17
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Malik MS, Farooq Adil S, Moussa Z, Altass HM, Althagafi II, Morad M, Ansari MA, Sajid Jamal QM, Obaid RJ, Al-Warthan AA, Shaik TB, Ahmed SA. Rational Design and Synthesis of Naphthalene Diimide Linked Bis-Naphthalimides as DNA Interactive Agents. Front Chem 2021; 9:630357. [PMID: 33777897 PMCID: PMC7988716 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.630357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A molecular modeling assisted rational design and synthesis of naphthalene diimide linked bis-naphthalimides as potential DNA interactive agents is described. Chemical templates incorporating naphthalene diimide as a linker in bis-naphthalimide motif were subjected to molecular docking analysis at specific intercalation and telomeric DNA G-quadruplex sites. Excellent results were obtained, which were better than the standards. A short and convenient synthetic route was employed to access these hybrids experimentally, followed by evaluation of their ability to cause thermal denaturation of DNA and cytotoxic properties along with ADME predictions. The obtained results provided useful insights and two potential molecules were identified for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Farooq Adil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hatem M Altass
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail I Althagafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moataz Morad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami J Obaid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Thokhir B Shaik
- Research on Advanced BioMedical Solutions Pvt Ltd, KPHB, Hyderabad, 500071, India
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Assiut, Egypt.,Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Shaik TB, Malik MS, Routhu SR, Seddigi ZS, Althagafi II, Kamal A. Evaluation of Anticancer and Anti-Mitotic Properties of Quinazoline and Quinazolino-Benzothiadiazine Derivatives. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:599-611. [PMID: 31884931 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666191224122204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the major health and social-economic problems despite considerable progress in its early diagnosis and treatment. Owing to the emergence and increase of multidrug resistance to various conventional drugs, and the continuing importance of health-care expenditure, many researchers have focused on developing novel and effective anticancer compounds. OBJECTIVE Chemical repositories provide a good platform to evaluate and exploit known chemical entities for the identification of other biological activities. In the present study, we have selected an in-house library of synthesized compounds based on two different pharmacophoric scaffolds to evaluate their cytotoxic potency on various cancer cell lines and mechanisms of action. METHODS A series of in-house synthesized quinazoline and quinazolino-benzothiadiazine derivatives were investigated for their anticancer efficacy against a panel of five cancer (DU145, MCF7, HepG2, SKOV3 and MDA-MB-231) and one normal (MRC5) cell lines. Furthermore, the active compound of the study was investigated to elucidate the mechanism of cytotoxicity by performing series of experiments such as cell cycle analysis, inhibition of tubulin polymerization, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, determination of endocytic pathway for drug uptake pathway and combination drug treatment. RESULTS Among all the tested compounds, fifteen of them exhibited promising growth-inhibitory effect (0.15- 5.0μM) and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. In addition, the selected compounds inhibited the microtubule assembly; altered mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced the levels of caspase-9 in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, the active compound with a combination of drugs showed a synergistic effect at lower concentrations, and the drug uptake was mediated through clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that quinazoline and quinazolino-benzothiadiazine conjugates could serve as potential leads in the development of new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoukhir B Shaik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur, A.P, India
| | - M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry and Central Research Laboratories, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sunitha R Routhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
| | - Zaki S Seddigi
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail I Althagafi
- Department of Chemistry and Central Research Laboratories, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
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19
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Shaheer Malik M, Asghar BH, Azeeza S, Obaid RJ, Thagafi II, Jassas R, Altass HM, Morad M, Moussa Z, Ahmed SA. Facile Amberlyst A-21 catalyzed access of β-hydroxynitriles via epoxide opening in water. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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20
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Malik MS, Ahmed SA, Althagafi II, Ansari MA, Kamal A. Application of triazoles as bioisosteres and linkers in the development of microtubule targeting agents. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:327-348. [PMID: 33479639 PMCID: PMC7580775 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00458k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The triazole ring system has emerged as an exciting prospect in the optimization studies of promising lead molecules in the quest for new drugs for clinical usage. Several marketed drugs possess these versatile moieties that are used in a wide range of medical indications. This stems from the unique intrinsic properties of triazoles, which impart stability to the basic pharmacophoric unit with an added advantage of being a bioisostere of different chemical functionalities. In the last decade, the use of triazoles as bioisosteres and linkers in the development of microtubule targeting agents has been extensively investigated. The present review highlights the advances in this promising area of drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia . ;
- Central Research Laboratories , Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia . ;
- Central Research Laboratories , Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science , Assiut University , 71516 Assiut , Egypt
| | - Ismail I Althagafi
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia . ;
- Central Research Laboratories , Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research , Institute of Research and Medical Consultation , Imam AbdurRahman Bin Faisal University , 34212 Dammam , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER) , Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi-110062 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 11 26059665
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21
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Bryant EJ, Malik MS, Whitford-Bartle T, Waters GM. The effects of bariatric surgery on psychological aspects of eating behaviour and food intake in humans. Appetite 2019; 150:104575. [PMID: 31875518 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery has emerged as an increasingly popular weight loss intervention, with larger and more endurable weight loss compared to pharmacological and behavioural interventions. The degree of weight loss patients experience varies, between individuals, surgeries and over time. An explanation as to why differing weight loss trajectories exist post-surgery could be due to the complex interplay of individual differences in relation to eating behaviours and appetite. Thus the aim of this narrative review is to explore literature between 2008 and 2018, to assess the impact of impact of bariatric surgery on food selection and nutrient status, on eating behaviour traits and on disturbed and disordered eating behaviour, to determine their impact of weight loss success and weight loss trajectories. Immediately post-surgery, up until 1-2 years post-surgery, there is a reliance upon the surgery's alteration of the gastrointestinal tract to control food intake and subsequently lose weight. Energy intake is reduced, dietary adherence is higher, supplement intake is higher, appetite ratings are lower, there is a reduction in psychopathology, and an increase in wellbeing. After this point, patients become more susceptible to weight regain, as this is the point where passive observation of the weight reducing action of surgery, moves into more cognitive effort, on the part of the individual, to control energy intake. There are various factors which influence an individual's ability to successfully regulate their energy intake post-surgery, such as their level of Disinhibition, Restraint, Hunger, Emotional Eating, Uncontrolled Eating, psychopathology and wellbeing. The need for continued psychological and nutritional support post-surgery is necessary to reduce weight regain susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Bryant
- Division of Psychology, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK.
| | - M S Malik
- Division of Psychology, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
| | | | - G M Waters
- Division of Psychology, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
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Shaheer Malik M, Seddigi ZS, Bajee S, Azeeza S, Riyaz S, Ahmed SA, Althagafi II, Sajid Jamal QM, Kamal A. Multicomponent access to novel proline/cyclized cysteine tethered monastrol conjugates as potential anticancer agents. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Seddigi ZS, Malik MS, Saraswati AP, Ahmed SA, Babalghith AO, Lamfon HA, Kamal A. Recent advances in combretastatin based derivatives and prodrugs as antimitotic agents. Medchemcomm 2017; 8:1592-1603. [PMID: 30108870 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00227k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic and crucial role of tubulin in different cellular functions rendered it a promising target in anticancer drug development. Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4), an inhibitor of tubulin polymerization isolated from natural sources, is a lead molecule with significant cytotoxicity against tumour cells. Owing to its non polar nature it exhibits low solubility in natural biological fluids, thereby prompting the development of new CA-4 based derivatives. The modification of this lead molecule was mostly carried out by keeping the crucial cis-orientation of the double bond intact, along with a trimethoxyphenyl aromatic ring, by employing different approaches. The issue of solubility was also addressed by the development of water soluble prodrugs of CA-4. The present review highlights the investigations into the parallel development of both new CA-4 based derivatives and prodrugs in the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaki S Seddigi
- Department of Environmental Health , College of Public Health and Health Informatics , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - M Shaheer Malik
- Science and Technology Unit , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - A Prasanth Saraswati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology , CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500 007 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 40 27193157
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed O Babalghith
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Hawazen A Lamfon
- Department of Biology , Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , 21955 Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology , CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500 007 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 40 27193157
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Shaik TB, Hussaini SMA, Nayak VL, Sucharitha ML, Malik MS, Kamal A. Rational design and synthesis of 2-anilinopyridinyl-benzothiazole Schiff bases as antimitotic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2549-2558. [PMID: 28400235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Based on our previous results and literature precedence, a series of 2-anilinopyridinyl-benzothiazole Schiff bases were rationally designed by performing molecular modeling experiments on some selected molecules. The binding energies of the docked molecules were better than the E7010, and the Schiff base with trimethoxy group on benzothiazole moiety, 4y was the best. This was followed by the synthesis of a series of the designed molecules by a convenient synthetic route and evaluation of their anticancer potential. Most of the compounds have shown significant growth inhibition against the tested cell lines and the compound 4y exhibited good antiproliferative activity with a GI50 value of 3.8µM specifically against the cell line DU145. In agreement with the docking results, 4y exerted cytotoxicity by the disruption of the microtubule dynamics by inhibiting tubulin polymerization via effective binding into colchicine domain, comparable to E7010. Detailed binding modes of 4y with colchicine binding site of tubulin were studied by molecular docking. Furthermore, 4y induced apoptosis as evidenced by biological studies like mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase-3, and Annexin V-FITC assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thokhir B Shaik
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur 522510, India
| | - S M Ali Hussaini
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - V Lakshma Nayak
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - M Lakshmi Sucharitha
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - M Shaheer Malik
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India.
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Quadri SAI, Das TC, Malik MS, Seddigi ZS, Farooqui M. Itaconic Acid as an Environmentally Benign Catalyst in Efficient and Scalable Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tonmoy C Das
- Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for women; Aurangabad (M.S) 431001 India
| | - M. Shaheer Malik
- Science and Technology Unit; Umm Al-Qura University; 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki Shakir Seddigi
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics; Umm Al-Qura University; 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazahar Farooqui
- Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for women; Aurangabad (M.S) 431001 India
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26
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Ashraf M, Shaik TB, Malik MS, Syed R, Mallipeddi PL, Vardhan MV, Kamal A. Design and synthesis of cis-restricted benzimidazole and benzothiazole mimics of combretastatin A-4 as antimitotic agents with apoptosis inducing ability. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4527-4535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Kamal A, Faazil S, Shaheer Malik M, Balakrishna M, Bajee S, Siddiqui MRH, Alarifi A. Convenient synthesis of substituted pyrroles via a cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN)-catalyzed Paal–Knorr reaction. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Kamal A, Shaik B, Nayak VL, Nagaraju B, Kapure JS, Shaheer Malik M, Shaik TB, Prasad B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,3-triazole linked aminocombretastatin conjugates as mitochondrial mediated apoptosis inducers. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5155-67. [PMID: 25192811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,2,3-triazole linked aminocombretastatin conjugates were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity, inhibition of tubulin polymerization and apoptosis inducing ability. Most of the conjugates exhibited significant anticancer activity against some representative human cancer cell lines and two of the conjugates 6d and 7c displayed potent cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 53 nM and 44 nM against A549 human lung cancer respectively, and were comparable to combretastatin A-4 (CA-4). SAR studies revealed that 1-benzyl substituted triazole moiety with an amide linkage at 3-position of B-ring of the combretastatin subunit are more active compared to 2-position. G2/M cell cycle arrest was induced by these conjugates 6d and 7c and the tubulin polymerization assay (IC50 of 1.16 μM and 0.95 μM for 6d and 7c, respectively) as well as immunofluorescence analysis showed that these conjugates effectively inhibit microtubule assembly at both molecular and cellular levels in A549 cells. Colchicine competitive binding assay suggested that these conjugates bind at the colchicine binding site of tubulin as also observed from the docking studies. Further, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS generation, caspase-3 activation assay, Hoechst staining and DNA fragmentation analysis revealed that these conjugates induce cell death by apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India.
| | - Bajee Shaik
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - V Lakshma Nayak
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Burri Nagaraju
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Jeevak Sopanrao Kapure
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - M Shaheer Malik
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Thokhir Basha Shaik
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - B Prasad
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Park ES, Malik MS, Dong JY, Shin JS. One-Pot Production of Enantiopure Alkylamines and Arylalkylamines of Opposite Chirality Catalyzed by ω-Transaminase. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Malik MS, Park ES, Shin JS. Features and technical applications of ω-transaminases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:1163-71. [PMID: 22555915 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chiral amines in enantiopure forms are important chemical building blocks, which are most well recognized in the pharmaceutical industries for imparting desirable biological activity to chemical entities. A number of synthetic strategies to produce chiral amines via biocatalytic as well as chemical transformation have been developed. Recently, ω-transaminase (ω-TA) has attracted growing attention as a promising catalyst which provides an environment-friendly access to production of chiral amines with exquisite stereoselectivity and excellent catalytic turnover. To obtain enantiopure amines using ω-TAs, either kinetic resolution of racemic amines or asymmetric amination of achiral ketones is employed. The latter is usually preferred because of twofold higher yield and no requirement of conversion of a ketone product back to racemic amine. However, the choice of a production process depends on several factors such as reaction equilibrium, substrate reactivity, enzyme inhibition, and commercial availability of substrates. This review summarizes the biochemical features of ω-TA, including reaction chemistry, substrate specificity, and active site structure, and then introduces recent advances in expanding the scope of ω-TA reaction by protein engineering and public database searching. We also address crucial factors to be considered for the development of efficient ω-TA processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shaheer Malik
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kamal A, Shaheer Malik M, Bajee S, Azeeza S, Faazil S, Ramakrishna S, Naidu VGM, Vishnuwardhan MVPS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally flexible as well as restricted dimers of monastrol and related dihydropyrimidones. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:3274-81. [PMID: 21620531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of conformationally flexible and restricted dimers of monastrol as well as related dihydropyrimidones have been synthesized by employing one-pot Biginelli multicomponent reaction. These dimers have been evaluated for cytotoxic potency against selected human cancer cell lines and some of the compounds have exhibited more cytotoxic potency than the parent monastrol. Further, the DNA binding ability by thermal denaturation studies and antimicrobial activities of these compounds are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 607, India.
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Nageshwar YVD, Sheelu G, Shambhu RR, Muluka H, Mehdi N, Malik MS, Kamal A. Optimization of nitrilase production from Alcaligenes faecalis MTCC 10757 (IICT-A3): effect of inducers on substrate specificity. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2010; 34:515-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-010-0500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kamal A, Malik MS, Shaik AA, Azeeza S. Lipase mediated resolution of γ-azidoalcohols in aqueous and organic media: Synthesis of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine and duloxetine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kamal A, Azeeza S, Malik MS, Shaik AA, Rao MV. Efforts Towards the Development of New Antitubercular Agents: Potential for Thiolactomycin Based Compounds. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2008; 11:56s-80s. [DOI: 10.18433/j36k5k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Development of new chemotherapeutic drugs is the need of the hour to improve tuberculosis control, particularly in the developing world. In the last fourty years no new compound has been brought to the market for the treatment of tuberculosis. However, in recent years there is an enhanced activity in the research and development of new drugs for TB. Some compounds are presently in clinical development, while others are being investigated pre-clinically in an attempt to explore new molecules for the target based treatment of TB. Simultaneously some new targets are being identified and validated for their practical usefulness. Structures based on thiolactomycin could have considerable potential in the development of target based anti-TB agents. The present review provides an overview of the drugs that are being clinically used and the compounds that are in advanced stages of clinical as well as preclinical studies. We have also attempted to highlight the efforts that are being made in the development of new molecules based on thiolactomycin as lead compound, including studies from this laboratory.
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Kamal A, Malik MS, Shaik AA, Azeeza S. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure γ-azidoalcohols by lipase-catalyzed transesterification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kamal A, Azhar MA, Krishnaji T, Malik MS, Azeeza S. Approaches based on enzyme mediated kinetic to dynamic kinetic resolutions: A versatile route for chiral intermediates. Coord Chem Rev 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kamal A, Malik MS, Shaik AA, Azeeza S. Enantioselective synthesis of (R)- and (S)-curcumene and curcuphenol: an efficient chemoenzymatic route. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kamal A, Shaik AA, Azeeza S, Malik MS, Sandbhor M. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of (5S)- and (5R)-hydroxymethyl-3,5-dimethyl-4-(methoxymethoxy)-5H-thiophen-2-one: a precursor of thiolactomycin and determination of its absolute configuration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kamal A, Shaik AA, Sandbhor M, Malik MS, Azeeza S. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of (3R,4S)- and (3S,4R)-3-methoxy-4-methylaminopyrrolidine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kamal A, Sandbhor M, Shaik AA, Malik MS. A facile and convenient chemoenzymatic synthesis of optically active O-(4-methoxyphenyl)-glycidol and 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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41
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Kamal A, Shaik AA, Sandbhor M, Malik MS. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of (R)- and (S)-tembamide, aegeline and denopamine by a one-pot lipase resolution protocol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kamal A, Shaik AA, Sandbhor M, Malik MS, Kaga H. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of (3S,4S)- and (3R,4R)-3-methoxy-4-methylaminopyrrolidine. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.08.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Qidawi SA, Khan MA, Hussain SR, Malik MS. Diabetic neuroarthropathy. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2001; 6:118-121. [PMID: 24185274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to assess the incidence of diabetic neuroarthropathy and its related morbidity. METHODS The medical records of 296 diabetic patients were analyzed retrospectively between June of 1998 and July of 1999. The patients with long standing, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and associated peripheral neuropathy were evaluated clinically and radiographically for the presence of arthropathic changes in the feet. Clinically, neuropathy was considered if there was absence of ankle jerk or glove and stocking sensory loss, or both. Radiographically, the presence of stress fractures, dislocation/subluxation, lytic or arthritic lesions of the bone and joints were taken as indicative of the disease. They were treated conservatively by total contact casting or surgically in the form of ray excision, amputation and skin grafting. They were followed up for an average period of 13 months. Results were evaluated clinically and radiographically. RESULTS The maximum incidence of diabetes mellitus was in the age group of 41-80 years. Diabetic neuropathy was present in 37 patients (12.5%). Male to female ratio was 23:14 with an average age of 70.42 years. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 14.2 years. Seventeen feet in 11 patients (4%) were found to have diabetic neuroarthropathy. The joints involved were tarsometatarsal (76%), metatarsophalangeal (59%), subtalar (47%) and interphalangeal joints (41%). Two patients underwent foot amputations. Patients treated with total contact casting resulted in satisfactory progress. CONCLUSION Diabetic neuroarthropathy, a less recognized complication of diabetes mellitus needs greater attention in Saudi Arabia. High-risk feet should be subjected to routine radiographs or preferably a computerized tomography examination. The timely detection of this problem can save many patients from disastrous complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Qidawi
- King Khalid Hospital, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Qidwai SA, Khan MA, Hussain SR, Malik MS. Diabetic neuroarthropathy. Saudi Med J 2001; 22:142-5. [PMID: 11299409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to assess the incidence of diabetic neuroarthropathy and its related morbidity. METHODS The medical records of 296 diabetic patients were analyzed retrospectively between June of 1998 and July of 1999. The patients with long standing, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and associated peripheral neuropathy were evaluated clinically and radiographically for the presence of arthropathic changes in the feet. Clinically, neuropathy was considered if there was absence of ankle jerk or glove and stocking sensory loss, or both. Radiographically, the presence of stress fractures, dislocation/subluxation, lytic or arthritic lesions of the bone and joints were taken as indicative of the disease. They were treated conservatively by total contact casting or surgically in the form of ray excision, amputation and skin grafting. They were followed up for an average period of 13 months. Results were evaluated clinically and radiographically. RESULTS The maximum incidence of diabetes mellitus was in the age group of 41-80 years. Diabetic neuropathy was present in 37 patients (12.5%). Male to female ratio was 23:14 with an average age of 70.42 years. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 14.2 years. Seventeen feet in 11 patients (4%) were found to have diabetic neuroarthropathy. The joints involved were tarsometatarsal (76%), metatarsophalangeal (59%), subtalar (47%) and interphalangeal joints (41%). Two patients underwent foot amputations. Patients treated with total contact casting resulted in satisfactory progress. CONCLUSION Diabetic neuroarthropathy, a less recognized complication of diabetes mellitus needs greater attention in Saudi Arabia. High-risk feet should be subjected to routine radiographs or preferably a computerized tomography examination. The timely detection of this problem can save many patients from disastrous complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Qidwai
- King Khalid Hospital, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Rabbani MW, Iqbal I, Malik MS. A comparative study of cefixime and chloramphenicol in children with typhoid fever. J PAK MED ASSOC 1998; 48:163-4. [PMID: 9813986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
We compared cefixime with chloramphenicol in a trial for treatment of children with culture positive typhoid fever. Twenty children were given cefixime 10 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days and twenty received chloramphenicol 50 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days. On entry the clinical characteristics of the two groups were comparable. Clinical cure was observed in 18 (90%) patients treated with cefixime and 9 (45%) treated with chloramphenicol. Of 11 patients who did not respond to chloramphenicol, 10 were switched over to cefixime and all were cured. Overall 28 out of 30 cases (93.3%) were cured by cefixime.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Rabbani
- Department of Paediatrics, Nishtar Medical College, Multan
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Malik MS, Iqbal I, Rabbani W. A comparative study of cefixime and chloramphenicol in children with typhoid fever. J PAK MED ASSOC 1998; 48:106-7. [PMID: 9783046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
We compared cefixime with chloramphenicol in a randomized trial for treatment of children with culture positive typhoid fever. Twenty children were given cefixime 10 mg/kg/day orally and twenty received chloramphenicol 50 mg/kg/day orally. On entry in the study, the clinical characteristics of the two groups were comparable. Duration of therapy was 14 days. Clinical cure was observed in 18 (90%) patients treated with cefixime and 9 (45%) treated with chloramphenical. Out of the 11 patients who did not respond to chloramphenicol, 10 were switched over to cefixime and all of them were cured. Over all 28 cases out of 30 (93.3%) P = 0.0049 were cured by cefixime.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Malik
- Department of Paediatrics, Nishtar Medical College, Multan
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Abstract
The study of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been at the vanguard of molecular genetic investigation into inherited diseases of the cardiovascular system for the greater part of the last decade. These studies have shown it to be a disease of sarcomeric contractile proteins and have highlighted its genetic heterogeneity. There are now seven known genetic loci and six disease genes associated with the condition. The biology of the mutant polypeptides has been studied in vitro, and animal models are being developed. Increased understanding gained from these studies has clarified features of the condition at the clinical level and has had an impact on management of patients. It is hoped that this work will lead to the development of novel therapies for both hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and acquired forms of left ventricular hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Malik
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK
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49
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Hazir T, Malik MS. Poland anomaly with dextrocardia: a case report. J PAK MED ASSOC 1996; 46:181-2. [PMID: 8936978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Hazir
- Children's Hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad
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50
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Malhotra R, Malik MS, Singh JP, Dhindsa KS. Synthesis, characterization, and microbiocidal activity of alpha-methyl-(2-thiophenomethylene) aryloxyacetic acid hydrazides and their metal complexes. J Inorg Biochem 1992; 45:269-75. [PMID: 1619403 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(92)84015-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Complexes of alpha-methyl-(2-thiophenomethylene) aryloxyacetic acid hydrazides with Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal salts were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molecular weight determination, molar conductance, and magnetic moment and spectroscopic techniques. In these complexes, the ligands form a conjugate O-N-S tridenate system, thus coordinating with metal through oxygen of the carbonyl group, nitrogen of azomethine, and sulphur of thiophenemoiety. Octahedral geometry is proposed for all the complexes. Antifungal activity of the ligands and their Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes was determined against plant pathogenic fungi viz. Alternaria alternata, Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum capsicum, and Glomeralla cingulata at 28 degrees C. Antibacterial activity of ligands and their metal complexes was determined on gram positive Bacillus subtilis and gram negative Escherichia coli bacteria at 37 degrees C by the serial dilution method. In some cases an increase in biocidal activity of the ligands on coordination with metal ions was observed in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Malhotra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
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