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Soroush N, Aarnoudse A, Shokri F, Van Den Berg M, Ahmadizar F, Stricker B. Association between digoxin use and sudden cardiac death in individuals with the rs10494366 variant of the NOS1AP gene. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Digoxin is one of the oldest cardiovascular medications still used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Due to its narrow therapeutic window, it is associated with life threatening intoxication and arrhythmias, and with QTc-shortening. Common genetic variation in the nitric oxide synthase-1 adaptor protein (NOS1AP) has been associated with QTc interval prolongation.
Purpose
We investigated whether the rs10494366 variant of the NOS1AP gene modified the risk of SCD in patients using digoxin.
Methods
In a prospective population-based cohort study, we included data of the three cohorts, started as of January 1st, 1991 until January 1st 2014. Digoxin current use on the date of cardiac death in cases and the same day of follow-up in the remainder of the cohort was a time-dependent exposure. The main outcome was SCD defined as sudden and unexpected death as a result of cardiac causes, according to international criteria. Identification and adjudication of SCD was performed independently, before the start of this study. We used Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to investigate the associations between NOS1AP rs10494366 variant and incident SCD among digoxin users compared to non-users. Associations were adjusted for age, sex (model 1) in addition to BMI, prevalent diabetes, myocardial infarction, baseline hypertension and smoking status (past, current, never) (model 2).
Results
We included 14,594 individuals, with a mean age of 65.3 (SD 10.3) years. Almost 59% were female. The cumulative incidence of SCD was 9.5% (609 cases) by the end of follow up. Among them, 98 (16%) individuals were exposed to digoxin at the time of death.
In model 1, NOS1AP rs10494366 variant was not associated with SCD in the total study population. However, an interaction term of the gene with the daily dose of digoxin was significantly associated with increased risk of SCD (p-value 0.0001). In model 2, the risk of SCD in current users of digoxin was 4.2 [95% CI 1.3–13.8] for the GG genotype; 2.1 [95% CI 1.1–4.2] for the GT genotype, and 1.5 [95% CI 0.7–3.2] for the TT genotype.
Conclusion
NOS1AP rs10494366 variant modified the risk of sudden cardiac death in users of digoxin. Our study suggests that individuals with the homozygous minor GG allele have a fourfold increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- N Soroush
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | - A Aarnoudse
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | - F Shokri
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | - M Van Den Berg
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | - F Ahmadizar
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands (The)
| | - B Stricker
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands (The)
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3
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Hong SH, Kim KM, Song JH, Bang EN, Kim HT, Lee KS, Litnovsky A, Hellwig M, Seo DC, Lee HH, Kang CS, Lee HY, Hong JH, Bak JG, Kim HS, Juhn JW, Son SH, Kim HK, Douai D, Grisolia C, Wu J, Luo GN, Choe WH, Komm M, Van Den Berg M, De Temmerman G, Pitts R. Toward Tungsten Plasma-Facing Components in KSTAR: Research on Plasma-Metal Wall Interaction. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst14-897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.-H. Hong
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
- Hanyang University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Seoul, 133-791, Korea
- Korea University of Science and Technology, Department of Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Science Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - K.-M. Kim
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - J.-H. Song
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - E.-N. Bang
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - H.-T. Kim
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - K.-S. Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - A. Litnovsky
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M. Hellwig
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D. C. Seo
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - H. H. Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - C. S. Kang
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - H.-Y. Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - J.-H. Hong
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Physics Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J. G. Bak
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - H.-S. Kim
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - J.-W. Juhn
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - S.-H. Son
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - H.-K. Kim
- National Fusion Research Institute, 169-148 Gwahangno, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - D. Douai
- CEA, IRFM, Association Euratom-CEA, 13108 St Paul lez Durance, France
| | - C. Grisolia
- CEA, IRFM, Association Euratom-CEA, 13108 St Paul lez Durance, France
| | - J. Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - G.-N. Luo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - W.-H. Choe
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Physics Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - M. Komm
- Institute of Plasma Physics AS CR, v.v.i., Za Slovankou 3, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - M. Van Den Berg
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER), Association EURATOM-FOM Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Postbus 1207, 3430BE, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - G. De Temmerman
- ITER Organization, Route de vinon sur verdon, 13115 Saint Paul lez Durance, France
| | - R. Pitts
- ITER Organization, Route de vinon sur verdon, 13115 Saint Paul lez Durance, France
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7
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Abstract
Patients with severe haemophilia are treated either in case of bleeds only (on demand), or with regular infusions of clotting factor to prevent bleeds (prophylaxis). The introduction of prophylaxis has been hampered by issues of cost and viral safety. In order to compare results and treatment cost of different treatment strategies in adults, three cohorts of patients with severe haemophilia (born 1970-1980) were compared. 106 French patients were treated on demand, 49 Dutch patients were treated with intermediate dose prophylaxis, and 24 Swedish patients were treated with high dose prophylaxis. The annual number of joint bleeds, and the radiological Pettersson score were used to compare outcome, annual clotting factor consumption was used to compare costs. Prophylaxis reduced bleeds and arthropathy: patients treated on demand had a median of 11.5 joint bleeds/year and a median Pettersson score of 16 points, for intermediate dose prophylaxis median bleeds were 2.8 and Pettersson score was 7 points, and for high dose prophylaxis median bleeds were 0.5 joint bleeds and Pettersson score was 4 points. All differences were statistically significant, except the Pettersson scores in both prophylactic regimens. Treatment cost was only increased for high dose prophylaxis: mean clotting factor consumption was 1612 IU kg-1 yr-1 for on demand treatment, 1488 IU kg-1 yr-1 for intermediate dose prophylaxis, and 4012 IU kg-1 yr-1 for high dose prophylaxis. In young adults, the cost of intermediate dose prophylaxis is similar, but outcome is better than for on demand treatment. The cost of high dose prophylaxis is twofold higher, further improving outcome only slightly.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fischer
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Van Der Burght AS, Kreikamp AP, Horbach GJ, Seinen W, Van Den Berg M. Characterization of CYP1A in hepatocytes of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) and induction by different substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Arch Toxicol 1998; 72:630-6. [PMID: 9851678 DOI: 10.1007/s002040050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) have been used previously as a model to study effects on cytochrome P450 (CYP) regulation. Until now it has not been elucidated which CYP1A proteins are present in this primate species. The aim of this study was to characterize CYP1A in untreated hepatocytes of cynomolgus monkey using two specific CYP1A inhibitors (alpha-naphthoflavone and furafylline). The effect of different substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on CYP1A regulation was also studied in these hepatocytes. Small quantities of CYP1A2 have been identified in untreated hepatocytes. Northern blots showed the presence of a CYP1A mRNA in untreated hepatocytes, when hybridizations where performed with human CYP1A2 cDNA. Inhibitions with furafylline and alpha-naphthoflavone also suggested the presence of CYP1A2 properties. After induction with different PCBs, (probably) CYP1A1 mRNA and enzyme activity were induced in cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes. As expected, 2,3',4,4',5-PeCB (PCB no. 118), a mono-ortho substituted congener, was a potent CYP1A inducer but 2,2',3,4,4',5',5'-HpCB (PCB no. 180), a di-ortho and 2,2',3,4',5,5',6-HpCB (PCB no. 187), a tri-ortho substituted PCB, could induce CYP1A mRNA and enzyme activity in cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes as well.
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Wojcik EG, Van Den Berg M, Poort SR, Bertina RM. Modification of the N-terminus of human factor IX by defective propeptide cleavage or acetylation results in a destabilized calcium-induced conformation: effects on phospholipid binding and activation by factor XIa. Biochem J 1997; 323 ( Pt 3):629-36. [PMID: 9169594 PMCID: PMC1218364 DOI: 10.1042/bj3230629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The propeptide of human coagulation factor IX (FIX) directs the gamma-carboxylation of the first 12 glutamic acid residues of the mature protein into gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) residues. The propeptide is normally removed before secretion of FIX into the blood. However, mutation of Arg-4 in the propeptide abolishes propeptide cleavage and results in circulating profactor IX in the blood. We studied three such genetic variants, factor IX Boxtel (Arg-4-->Trp), factor IX Bendorf (Arg-4-->Leu) and factor IX Seattle C (Arg-4-->Gln). These variant profactor IX molecules bind normally to anti-FIX:Mg(II) antibodies, which indicates that the mutations do not seriously affect gamma-carboxylation. Metal ion titration of the binding of variant profactor IX to conformation-specific antibodies demonstrates that the calcium-induced conformation is destabilized in the variant molecules. Also the binding of FIX Boxtel to phospholipids and its activation by factor XIa requires a high (>5 mM) calcium concentration. The three-dimensional structure of the Gla domain of FIX in the presence of calcium indicates that the acylation of the amino-terminus, rather than the presence of the propeptide, was responsible for the destabilization of the calcium-induced conformation. In order to confirm this, the alpha-amino group of Tyr1 of FIX was acetylated. This chemically modified FIX showed a similar destabilization of the calcium-induced conformation to variant profactor IX. Our data imply that the amino-terminus of FIX plays an important role in stabilizing the calcium-induced conformation of the Gla domain of FIX. This conformation is important for the binding to phospholipids as well as for the activation by factor XIa. Our results indicate that mutations in FIX that interfere with propeptide cleavage affect the function of the protein mainly by destabilizing the calcium-induced conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Wojcik
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Centre, Department of Hematology, University Hospital, Building 1: C2-R, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Wiemer EA, Brul S, Just WW, Van Driel R, Brouwer-Kelder E, Van Den Berg M, Weijers PJ, Schutgens RB, Van Den Bosch H, Schram A. Presence of peroxisomal membrane proteins in liver and fibroblasts from patients with the Zellweger syndrome and related disorders: evidence for the existence of peroxisomal ghosts. Eur J Cell Biol 1989; 50:407-17. [PMID: 2697558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence and intracellular localization of peroxisomal integral membrane proteins (PMP) were investigated in liver and cultured skin fibroblasts from control subjects and patients with the Zellweger syndrome and related disorders in which peroxisomes are virtually absent. Immunoblotting experiments showed that 22, 36 and 69 kDa PMPs were present and were confined to the membranous fraction both in the control liver and in the livers from the Zellweger patients. The 22 and 36 kDa PMPs were present in significantly lower amounts in the patients' livers than in the control liver. A reduced amount of the 69 kDa PMP was found in liver from one Zellweger but not in liver from another. The subcellular localization in fibroblasts of catalase and the 69 kDa PMP was studied by indirect immunofluorescence. A characteristic punctate fluorescence was seen in control cells incubated with either anti-(catalase) or with anti-(69 kDa PMP). Incubation of mutant cells with anti-(catalase) resulted in a diffuse fluorescence, whereas with anti-(69 kDa PMP) fluorescent particles were visualized which, in some cell lines, were larger and fewer in number than in control cells. Cryosections of control and mutant cells were examined by electron microscopy using immunogold labeling. Control cells contained small structures consisting of a single membrane enclosing a homogeneous matrix; the membranes reacted with anti-(69 kDa PMP) and the matrix with anti-(catalase). The mutant cell lines contained spherical or ellipsoidal structures whose membranes reacted with anti-(69 kDa PMP); no labeling was observed with anti-(catalase). We conclude that peroxisomal ghosts, the membranes of which contain the 69 kDa PMP, are present in peroxisome-deficient cell lines from all complementation groups studied so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Wiemer
- E. C. Slater Institute for Biochemical Research, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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