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Pozo-Morales M, Cobham AE, Centola C, McKinney MC, Liu P, Perazzolo C, Lefort A, Libert F, Bai H, Rohner N, Singh SP. Starvation-resistant cavefish reveal conserved mechanisms of starvation-induced hepatic lipotoxicity. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302458. [PMID: 38467419 PMCID: PMC10927358 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Starvation causes the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver, a somewhat counterintuitive phenomenon that is nevertheless conserved from flies to humans. Much like fatty liver resulting from overfeeding, hepatic lipid accumulation (steatosis) during undernourishment can lead to lipotoxicity and atrophy of the liver. Here, we found that although surface populations of Astyanax mexicanus undergo this evolutionarily conserved response to starvation, the starvation-resistant cavefish larvae of the same species do not display an accumulation of lipid droplets upon starvation. Moreover, cavefish are resistant to liver atrophy during starvation, providing a unique system to explore strategies for liver protection. Using comparative transcriptomics between zebrafish, surface fish, and cavefish, we identified the fatty acid transporter slc27a2a/fatp2 to be correlated with the development of fatty liver. Pharmacological inhibition of slc27a2a in zebrafish rescues steatosis and atrophy of the liver upon starvation. Furthermore, down-regulation of FATP2 in Drosophila larvae inhibits the development of starvation-induced steatosis, suggesting the evolutionarily conserved importance of the gene in regulating fatty liver upon nutrition deprivation. Overall, our study identifies a conserved, druggable target to protect the liver from atrophy during starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Pozo-Morales
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ansa E Cobham
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Cielo Centola
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Peiduo Liu
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Lefort
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédérick Libert
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sumeet Pal Singh
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Pozo-Morales M, Cobham AE, Centola C, McKinney MC, Liu P, Perazzolo C, Lefort A, Libert F, Bai H, Rohner N, Singh SP. Starvation resistant cavefish reveal conserved mechanisms of starvation-induced hepatic lipotoxicity. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.10.574986. [PMID: 38260657 PMCID: PMC10802416 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.574986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Starvation causes the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver, a somewhat counterintuitive phenomenon that is nevertheless conserved from flies to humans. Much like fatty liver resulting from overfeeding, hepatic lipid accumulation (steatosis) during undernourishment can lead to lipotoxicity and atrophy of the liver. Here, we found that while surface populations of Astyanax mexicanus undergo this evolutionarily conserved response to starvation, the starvation-resistant cavefish larvae of the same species do not display an accumulation of lipid droplets upon starvation. Moreover, cavefish are resistant to liver atrophy during starvation, providing a unique system to explore strategies for liver protection. Using comparative transcriptomics between zebrafish, surface fish, and cavefish, we identified the fatty acid transporter slc27a2a/fatp2 to be correlated with the development of fatty liver. Pharmacological inhibition of slc27a2a in zebrafish rescues steatosis and atrophy of the liver upon starvation. Further, down-regulation of FATP2 in drosophila larvae inhibits the development of starvation-induced steatosis, suggesting the evolutionary conserved importance of the gene in regulating fatty liver upon nutrition deprivation. Overall, our study identifies a conserved, druggable target to protect the liver from atrophy during starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Pozo-Morales
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ansa E Cobham
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Cielo Centola
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | | | - Peiduo Liu
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Lefort
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédérick Libert
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Sumeet Pal Singh
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Pozo-Morales M, Garteizgogeascoa I, Perazzolo C, So J, Shin D, Singh SP. In vivo imaging of calcium dynamics in zebrafish hepatocytes. Hepatology 2023; 77:789-801. [PMID: 35829917 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatocytes were the first cell type for which oscillations of cytoplasmic calcium levels in response to hormones were described. Since then, investigation of calcium dynamics in liver explants and culture has greatly increased our understanding of calcium signaling. A bottleneck, however, exists in observing calcium dynamics in a noninvasive manner because of the optical inaccessibility of the mammalian liver. Here, we aimed to take advantage of the transparency of the zebrafish larvae to image hepatocyte calcium dynamics in vivo at cellular resolution. APPROACH AND RESULTS We developed a transgenic model expressing a calcium sensor, GCaMP6s, specifically in zebrafish hepatocytes. Using this, we provide a quantitative assessment of intracellular calcium dynamics during multiple contexts, including growth, feeding, ethanol-induced stress, and cell ablation. Specifically, we show that synchronized calcium oscillations are present in vivo , which are lost upon starvation. Starvation induces lipid accumulation in the liver. Feeding recommences calcium waves in the liver, but in a spatially restricted manner, as well as resolves starvation-induced hepatic steatosis. By using a genetically encoded scavenger for calcium, we show that dampening of calcium signaling accelerates the accumulation of starvation-related lipid droplets in the liver. Furthermore, ethanol treatment, as well as cell ablation, induces calcium flux, but with different dynamics. The former causes asynchronous calcium oscillations, whereas the latter leads to a single calcium spike. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the presence of oscillations, waves, and spikes in vivo . Calcium waves are present in response to nutrition and negatively regulate starvation-induced accumulation of lipid droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Pozo-Morales
- IRIBHM , Free University of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Inés Garteizgogeascoa
- IRIBHM , Free University of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- IRIBHM , Free University of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Juhoon So
- Department of Developmental Biology , McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Pittsburgh Liver Research Center , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Donghun Shin
- Department of Developmental Biology , McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Pittsburgh Liver Research Center , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Sumeet Pal Singh
- IRIBHM , Free University of Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Brussels , Belgium
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González-Mariscal I, Pozo-Morales M, Romero-Zerbo SY, Espinosa-Jimenez V, Escamilla-Sánchez A, Sánchez-Salido L, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, Gauthier BR, Bermúdez-Silva FJ. Abnormal cannabidiol ameliorates inflammation preserving pancreatic beta cells in mouse models of experimental type 1 diabetes and beta cell damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112361. [PMID: 34872800 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The atypical cannabinoid Abn-CBD improves the inflammatory status in preclinical models of several pathologies, including autoimmune diseases. However, its potential for modulating inflammation in autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) is unknown. Herein we investigate whether Abn-CBD can modulate the inflammatory response during T1D onset using a mouse model of T1D (non-obese diabetic- (NOD)-mice) and of beta cell damage (streptozotocin (STZ)-injected mice). Six-week-old female NOD mice were treated with Abn-CBD (0.1-1 mg/kg) or vehicle during 12 weeks and then euthanized. Eight-to-ten-week-old male C57Bl6/J mice were pre-treated with Abn-CBD (1 mg/kg of body weight) or vehicle for 1 week, following STZ challenge, and euthanized 1 week later. Blood, pancreas, pancreatic lymph nodes (PLNs) and T cells were collected and processed for analysis. Glycemia was also monitored. In NOD mice, treatment with Abn-CBD significantly reduced the severity of insulitis and reduced the pro-inflammatory profile of CD4+ T cells compared to vehicle. Concomitantly, Abn-CBD significantly reduced islet cell apoptosis and improved glucose tolerance. In STZ-injected mice, Abn-CBD decreased circulating proinflammatory cytokines and ameliorated islet inflammation reducing intra-islet phospho-NF-κB and TXNIP. Abn-CBD significantly reduced 2 folds intra-islet CD8+ T cells and reduced Th1/non-Th1 ratio in PLNs of STZ-injected mice. Islet cell apoptosis and intra-islet fibrosis were also significantly reduced in Abn-CBD pre-treated mice compared to vehicle. Altogether, Abn-CBD reduces circulating and intra-islet inflammation, preserving islets, thus delaying the progression of insulitis. Hence, Abn-CBD and related compounds emerge as new candidates to develop pharmacological strategies to treat the early stages of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel González-Mariscal
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Macarena Pozo-Morales
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Silvana Y Romero-Zerbo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Físico Deportiva, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Vanesa Espinosa-Jimenez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escamilla-Sánchez
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Físico Deportiva, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Seville, Spain
| | - Benoit R Gauthier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Seville, Spain; Biomedical Research Center for Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Bermúdez-Silva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; Biomedical Research Center for Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
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Romero-Zerbo SY, García-Fernández M, Espinosa-Jiménez V, Pozo-Morales M, Escamilla-Sánchez A, Sánchez-Salido L, Lara E, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, Rafacho A, Olveira G, Rojo-Martínez G, Gauthier BR, González-Mariscal I, Bermúdez-Silva FJ. The Atypical Cannabinoid Abn-CBD Reduces Inflammation and Protects Liver, Pancreas, and Adipose Tissue in a Mouse Model of Prediabetes and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:103. [PMID: 32210914 PMCID: PMC7067697 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: The synthetic atypical cannabinoid Abn-CBD, a cannabidiol (CBD) derivative, has been recently shown to modulate the immune system in different organs, but its impact in obesity-related meta-inflammation remains unstudied. We investigated the effects of Abn-CBD on metabolic and inflammatory parameters utilizing a diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model of prediabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and Methods: Ten-week-old C57Bl/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 15 weeks, following a 2-week treatment of daily intraperitoneal injections with Abn-CBD or vehicle. At week 15 mice were obese, prediabetic and developed NAFLD. Body weight and glucose homeostasis were monitored. Mice were euthanized and blood, liver, adipose tissue and pancreas were collected and processed for metabolic and inflammatory analysis. Results: Body weight and triglycerides profiles in blood and liver were comparable between vehicle- and Abn-CBD-treated DIO mice. However, treatment with Abn-CBD reduced hyperinsulinemia and markers of systemic low-grade inflammation in plasma and fat, also promoting white adipose tissue browning. Pancreatic islets from Abn-CBD-treated mice showed lower apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress than vehicle-treated DIO mice, and beta cell proliferation was induced. Furthermore, Abn-CBD lowered hepatic fibrosis, inflammation and macrophage infiltration in the liver when compared to vehicle-treated DIO mice. Importantly, the balance between hepatocyte proliferation and apoptosis was improved in Abn-CBD-treated compared to vehicle-treated DIO mice. Conclusions: These results suggest that Abn-CBD exerts beneficial immunomodulatory actions in the liver, pancreas and adipose tissue of DIO prediabetic mice with NAFLD, thus protecting tissues. Therefore, Abn-CBD and related compounds could represent novel pharmacological strategies for managing obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Y. Romero-Zerbo
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - María García-Fernández
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Vanesa Espinosa-Jiménez
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Macarena Pozo-Morales
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Lourdes Sánchez-Salido
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Estrella Lara
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Seville, Spain
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases - LIDoC, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Benoit R. Gauthier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel González-Mariscal
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- *Correspondence: Isabel González-Mariscal
| | - Francisco J. Bermúdez-Silva
- UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Francisco J. Bermúdez-Silva
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