1
|
Muhammad M, Saifo M, Aljamali M, Alali M, Ghanem KM. The frequency of NUDT15 rs116855232 and its impact on mercaptopurine-induced toxicity in Syrian children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1334846. [PMID: 38562167 PMCID: PMC10982510 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1334846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Polymorphisms in NUDT15 may result in differences in mercaptopurine-induced toxicity. This study aimed to identify the frequency of the NUDT15 (c.415C>T; rs116855232) polymorphism and investigate the effect of this polymorphism on mercaptopurine-induced toxicity in a population of Syrian patients with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods This is a retrospective study that included children with ALL reaching at least 6 months of maintenance therapy. The NUDT15 genotyping was determined using standard targeted sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products. The odds ratio (OR) for the association between toxicity and genotype was evaluated. Results A total of 92 patients were enrolled. The majority of the patients in the study population were low-risk (63.04%), followed by intermediate-risk (25%), and high-risk (11.96%). There were 5 patients (5.4%) with NUDT15 (c.415C>T; rs116855232) CT genotype, and 1 patient (1.08%) with NUDT15 TT genotype, with allele frequencies of C=0.962 and T=0.038. The mercaptopurine median dose intensity was 100%, 54.69%, and 5% for the genotypes CC, CT, and TT, respectively (P=0.009). Early onset leukopenia was significantly associated with the NUDT15 polymorphism (OR: 6.16, 95% CI: 1.11-34.18, P=0.037). There was no association between the NUDT15 genotype and hepatotoxicity. Conclusion Approximately 6.5% of the study population exhibited reduced NUDT15 activity. The mercaptopurine dose intensity was considerably low in NUDT15 rs116855232 TT genotype compared with CT and CC. The dosage of mercaptopurine should be adjusted according to the NUDT15 genotype in pediatric patients with ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Muhammad
- BASMA Pediatric Oncology Unit, Damascus, Syria
- Department of Oncology, Albairouni University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Maher Saifo
- Department of Oncology, Albairouni University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Majd Aljamali
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
- National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria
| | - Mousa Alali
- Department of Oncology, Albairouni University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harfouch RM, Al-Shehabi Z, Asaad R, Aljamali M, Issa R, Elshimali Y, Vadgama J. Optimization of tissue microarray technique for breast cancer patients: a short communication. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5299-5303. [PMID: 37811076 PMCID: PMC10553042 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue microarray (TMA) is a novel technique for studying different types of cancer tissues in one block. TMA is not yet established in Syria, so we aimed in this project to apply and set the most optimal conditions of TMA creation of breast cancer tissues at the Pathology Department of our institute. Materials and Methods Eighty-eight blocks of breast cancer tissues were selected, considering the inclusion criteria. The tissue specimens of breast cancer patients were manually placed in the block by punching a core from a paraffin block, which was then released into a recipient block using a small trocar. Three different conditions were tested on the constructed TMA block. Results We determined the most effective parameters that proved high quality: incubating the newly constructed block at a temperature of 43°C for 24 h in the oven and then cutting it the next day after cooling it to room temperature; also, cutting with a 5 μm thickness created the preferable stained slides later. CD3 staining showed high expression of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes among triple-negative breast cancer patients and high expression of CD3 in triple-negative cancer patients. Conclusion The optimization of parameters presented in our study resulted in perfect TMA generation and successful immunohistochemistry staining for cancer research at our institution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rim M. Harfouch
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy
- Cancer Research Center (CRCTU), Tishreen University Hospital, Latakia
| | - Zuheir Al-Shehabi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University
- Cancer Research Center (CRCTU), Tishreen University Hospital, Latakia
| | - Remal Asaad
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Majd Aljamali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Rana Issa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University
| | - Yahya Elshimali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science/University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), California, USA
| | - Jay Vadgama
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science/University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aldiban W, Altawil Y, Hussein S, Aljamali M, Youssef LA. Hyper-responsiveness to warfarin in a young patient with the VKORC1 -1639GA/CYP2C9*1*46 genotype: a case report. Thromb J 2022; 20:65. [PMID: 36303140 PMCID: PMC9608913 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Warfarin is the most widely used oral anticoagulant; nevertheless, dosing of warfarin is problematic for clinicians worldwide. Inter-individual variability in response to warfarin is attributed to genetic as well as non-genetic factors. Pharmacogenomics studies have identified variants in CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genes as significant predictors of warfarin dose, however, phenotypes of rare variants are not well characterized. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of hyper-responsiveness to warfarin in a 22-year-old outpatient with Crohn's disease who presented with a swollen, red, and painful left calf. Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the left lower extremity was confirmed via ultrasonography, and hence, anticoagulation therapy of heparin and concomitant warfarin was initiated. Warfarin dose of 7.5 mg/day was estimated by the physician based on clinical factors. Higher than the expected international normalized ratio (INR) value of 4.5 necessitated the reduction of the warfarin dose to 5 and eventually to 2.5 mg/day to reach a therapeutic INR value of 2.6. Pharmacogenetic profiling of the VKORC1 -1639G > A and CYP2C9 *2, *3, *4, *5, *8, *14, *20, *24, *26, *33, *40, *41, *42, *43, *45, *46, *55, *62, *63, *66, *68, *72, *73 and *78 revealed a VKORC1-1639GA/CYP2C9*1*46 genotype. The lower catalytic activity of the CYP2C9*46 (A149T) variant was previously reported in in vitro settings. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on a case of warfarin hyper-responsive phenotype of a patient with the heterozygous CYP2C9*1*46 polymorphism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weam Aldiban
- grid.8192.20000 0001 2353 3326Program of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic ,grid.461272.40000 0004 0417 813XFaculty of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Daraa, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Yara Altawil
- grid.8192.20000 0001 2353 3326Program of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | | | - Majd Aljamali
- grid.8192.20000 0001 2353 3326Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic ,National Commission for Biotechnology, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Lama A. Youssef
- grid.8192.20000 0001 2353 3326Program of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic ,grid.461272.40000 0004 0417 813XFaculty of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Daraa, Syrian Arab Republic ,National Commission for Biotechnology, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ismail Al-Khalil W, Al-Salhi L, Rijjal S, Aljamali M, Youssef LA. The frequencies of CYP2D6 alleles and their impact on clinical outcomes of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in Syrian breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1067. [PMID: 36243690 PMCID: PMC9571463 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tamoxifen is one of the fundamental pillars of adjuvant endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer; however, 30–50% of patients receiving tamoxifen experience tumor relapse. CYP2D6, encoded by an extremely polymorphic CYP2D6 gene, is the rate-limiting enzyme of tamoxifen bioactivation. This study aimed at determining the frequencies of the most clinically relevant CYP2D6 alleles and evaluating their impact on the responsiveness to tamoxifen in a cohort of Syrian breast cancer patients. Methods This case–control study encompassed positive estrogen and/or progesterone receptor, stage 1–3 breast cancer female patients receiving tamoxifen at Al-Bairouni University Hospital, the major National Oncology Center in Syria. Successfully genotyped eligible patients (n = 97) were classified according to their response into; no recurrence group (n = 39) who had completed a five-year recurrence-free adjuvant tamoxifen therapy, and recurrence group (n = 58) who had experienced recurrence. Several star alleles including CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*10, CYP2D6*41, and CYP2D6*69 were identified via targeted sequencing of specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products and phenotypes were assigned according to activity score (AS). The correlation between genotypes and disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed using Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test. Hazard ratios were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results The allelic frequencies of CYP2D6*41, CYP2D6*10, CYP2D6*4, and CYP2D6*69 were found to be 9.28%, 7.22%, 7.22%, and 2.58%, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed in the frequencies of CYP2D6 phenotypes between the two arms (P = 0.24), nor the incidence of tamoxifen-induced hot flashes (P = 0.109). Poor metabolizers (PMs) tended to display shorter DFS than intermediate metabolizers (IMs) and normal metabolizers (NMs) combined (adjusted HR = 2.34, 95% CI = 0.84–6.55, P = 0.104). Notably, patients homozygous for the null CYP2D6*4 allele (1847A/A) had an elevated risk of disease recurrence compared to patients with 1847G/G genotype (adjusted HR = 5.23, 95% CI = 1.22–22.49, P = 0.026). Conclusions Our findings show no association between CYP2D6 phenotype and treatment outcomes of tamoxifen in Syrian breast cancer patients. Nevertheless, a worse DFS was revealed in patients with 1847A/A genotype (*4/*4). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10148-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouroud Ismail Al-Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Program of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Mezzeh Autostrad, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Lana Al-Salhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Program of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Mezzeh Autostrad, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Sara Rijjal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Program of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Mezzeh Autostrad, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Majd Aljamali
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.,Faculty of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Ghabagheb, Daraa, Syrian Arab Republic.,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Lama A Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Program of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Mezzeh Autostrad, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic. .,Faculty of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Ghabagheb, Daraa, Syrian Arab Republic. .,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hassan G, Kasem I, Antaki R, Mohammad MB, AlKadry R, Aljamali M. Isolation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells using human blood derivatives accompanied with explant method. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:28. [PMID: 31620475 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.08.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells which can be isolated from many sources including umbilical cord. Isolation protocols are depended on either explant or enzymatic methods. Although fetal bovine serum (FBS) is used as a supplement in isolation and expansion of MSCs, human blood derivatives such as cord blood serum (CBS) and platelet lysate (PL) are attractive substitutes of FBS which overcome impediments of using FBS in clinical setups. Methods Here we compared the effect of using CBS, PL and FBS supplemented media in isolation of umbilical cord tissue derived MSCs by using explant method. To do that we cultured umbilical cord tissue explant in either CBS or PL or FBS supplemented media. Isolated cells were quantified, their morphology was assessed and Cells in passage 3 were characterized based on their immunophenotyping and their potential for differentiation into adipocytes and osteocytes. Moreover, proliferation of cells was assessed by crystal violet staining. Results All the three media succeeded to isolate MSCs and maintain their stemness characteristics. However, the highest number of isolated cells were obtained using CBS, ~10-fold more than FBS, while the number of isolated cells obtained using PL was ~2-fold more than FBS. Moreover, crystal violet showed that both PL and CBS promote proliferation of MSCs more than FBS. Conclusions Our data suggest that, although all supplements maintain stemness characteristics of MSCs when used to isolate those cells by explant method, using human blood derived supplements is more effective than FBS. In the same context CBS is more effective than PL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghmkin Hassan
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Issam Kasem
- National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria.,Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Reham Antaki
- National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria.,Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mohammad Bahjat Mohammad
- National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria.,Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ranad AlKadry
- National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria.,Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Majd Aljamali
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hassan G, Bahjat M, Kasem I, Soukkarieh C, Aljamali M. Platelet lysate induces chondrogenic differentiation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:11. [PMID: 29568314 PMCID: PMC5859745 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Articular cartilage has a poor capacity for self-repair, and thus still presents a major challenge in orthopedics. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes in the presence of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Platelet lysate (PL) contains a relatively large number of growth factors, including TGF-β, and has been shown to ameliorate cartilage repair. Here, we investigated the ability of PL to direct chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs along with other standard differentiation components in a pellet culture system. Methods We isolated and expanded MSCs from human umbilical cords using a PL-supplemented medium and characterized the cells based on immunophenotype and potential for differentiation to adipocytes and osteocytes. We further cultured MSCs as pellets in a chondrogenic-differentiation medium supplemented with PL. After 21 days, the pellets were processed for histological analysis and stained with alician blue and acridine orange. The expression of SOX9 was investigated using RT-PCR. Results MSCs maintained their stemness characteristics in the PL-supplemented medium. However, the distribution of cells in the pellets cultured in the PL-supplemented chondrogenic differentiation medium had a greater similarity to cartilage tissue-derived chondrocytes than to the negative control. The intense alician blue staining indicated an increased production of mucopolysaccharides in the differentiated pellets, which also showed elevated expression of SOX9. Conclusions Our data suggest that MSCs could be differentiated to chondrocytes in the presence of PL and absence of exogenous TGF-β. Further research needs to be conducted to understand the exact role and potential of PL in chondrogenic differentiation and chondrocyte regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghmkin Hassan
- 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | | | - Issam Kasem
- 2Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria
| | - Chadi Soukkarieh
- 2Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria
| | - Majd Aljamali
- 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.,2Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Farhat A, Ali-Deeb E, Sulaiman A, Aljamali M. Reinforcing the utility of chick embryo model to in vivo evaluate engraftment of human leukemic stem cells. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2018; 30:1-5. [PMID: 29428370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnci.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Development of appropriate translational in vivo models is a prerequisite for personalized management of leukemic patients. Indeed, several immunodeficient mice models were developed for leukemias with main limitations due to their high cost, demanding management, and elongated assessment intervals. In this report, we aimed at evaluating the engraftment of CD34+ cells, isolated from an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient, in naturally immunodeficient chick embryo model. METHODS AND RESULTS Mononuclear cells or immunomagnetic sorted CD34+ cells were injected into chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) veins. Seven days post-injection, human CD34 transcript was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in blood, bone marrow (BM), spleen and liver from embryos injected with human leukemic cells. Interestingly, an amplicon of the same length has been detected in both BM and spleen from PBS injected embryos, although analysis via bioinformatics tools revealed no matches in chicken; neither in transcriptome nor in genome databases. Importantly, splenomegaly and hepatic lesions were observed in some CD34+ cells injected embryos. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data confirm the engraftment of primary human CD34+ leukemic cells in chick embryo liver, but other experiments are required to verify engraftment in BM and spleen, and to confirm the identity of a putative CD34 orthologous transcript in these two organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Farhat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
| | - Eiad Ali-Deeb
- Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Amin Sulaiman
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Majd Aljamali
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hassan G, Kasem I, Soukkarieh C, Aljamali M. A Simple Method to Isolate and Expand Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Using Explant Method and Umbilical Cord Blood Serum. Int J Stem Cells 2017; 10:184-192. [PMID: 28844128 PMCID: PMC5741200 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that can be isolated from umbilical cords and are therapeutically used because of their ability to differentiate into various types of cells, in addition to their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. Fetal bovine serum (FBS), considered as the standard additive when isolating and culturing MSCs, has a major limitation related to its animal origin. Here, we employed a simple and economically efficient protocol to isolate MSCs from human umbilical cord tissues without using digestive enzymes and replacing FBS with umbilical cord blood serum (CBS). Methods and Results MSCs were isolated by culturing umbilical cord pieces in CBS or FBS supplemented media. Expansion and proliferation kinetics of cells isolated by explant method in the presence of either FBS or CBS were measured, with morphology and multi-differentiation potential of expanded cells characterized by flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. MSCs maintained morphology, immunophenotyping, multi-differentiation potential, and self-renewal ability, with better proliferation rates for cells cultured in CBS compared to FBS supplement media. Conclusions We here present a simple, reliable and efficient method to isolate MSCs from umbilical cord tissues, where cells maintained proliferation, differentiation potential and immunophenotyping properties and could be efficiently expanded for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghmkin Hassan
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Issam Kasem
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria
| | - Chadi Soukkarieh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria
| | - Majd Aljamali
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.,National Commission for Biotechnology (NCBT), Damascus, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aljamali M, Bowman AS, Dillwith JW, Tucker JS, Yates GW, Essenberg RC, Sauer JR. Identity and synthesis of prostaglandins in the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.), as assessed by radio-immunoassay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2002; 32:331-341. [PMID: 11804805 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(01)00113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) were identified by radio-immunoassay (RIA) and/or gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in the hemolymph, salivary glands and saliva of the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum (L.). Binding studies indicated that PGE(2) was free and not bound to any proteins in the hemolymph. A small amount of 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) (breakdown product of PGI(2); prostacyclin) was also found in the salivary glands but not in the hemolymph or saliva. Neither PGD(2) nor PGA(2)/B(2) was detected in any tick material investigated. Although PGE(2) was found in the gut contents, only small amounts of label crossed the gut into the hemolymph during artificial feeding with labeled PGE(2), indicating that the high amounts of PGE(2) in hemolymph and salivary glands are not sequestered from the host blood meal. Isolated salivary glands and salivary gland homogenates demonstrated robust synthesis of PGE(2) at high concentrations of exogenous arachidonic acid. Synthesis by the salivary glands was monitored by measuring increasing PGE(2) with increasing arachidonic acid by RIA, GC/MS and labeled PGE(2) in the presence of labeled arachidonic acid. Synthesis was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by indomethacin indicating that the cyclooxygenase synthesizing prostaglandins in ticks shares similarities to the enzyme found in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majd Aljamali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74078-3035, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yuan J, Bowman AS, Aljamali M, Payne MR, Tucker JS, Dillwith JW, Essenberg RC, Sauer JR. Prostaglandin E(2)-stimulated secretion of protein in the salivary glands of the lone star tick via a phosphoinositide signaling pathway. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 30:1099-1106. [PMID: 10989297 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(00)00087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies identified a prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) receptor in the salivary glands of partially fed female lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (L.). In the present studies, protein secretion from dispersed salivary gland acini was shown to be specific for PGE(2), as compared with PGF(2alpha) or the thromboxane analog U-46619, in accordance with their respective binding affinities for the PGE(2) receptor. Furthermore, the selective PGE(2) EP1 receptor agonist, 17-phenyl trinor PGE(2), was as effective as PGE(2) in stimulating secretion of anticoagulant protein. Calcium ionophore A-23187 (1 to 100 microM) stimulated secretion of anticoagulant protein in a dose-dependent manner but the voltage-gated Ca(2+)-channel blocker verapamil (1 to 1000 microM) and the receptor-mediated Ca(2+)-entry antagonist, SK&F 96365 (1 and 10 microM), and 5mM ethylene glycol bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,NN', N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) had no appreciable effect on inhibiting PGE(2)-stimulated secretion of anticoagulant protein. PGE(2) (0.1 microM) and the non-hydrolyzable analog of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), GTPgammaS (10 microM), directly activated phospholipase C (PLC) in a membrane-enriched fraction of the salivary glands after PLC was first incubated with the PGE(2) EP1 receptor antagonist AH-6809, which presumably antagonized endogenous PGE(2) (0.3 microM) in the broken-cell-membrane-enriched fraction. TMB-8, an antagonist of intracellular inositol trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptors, inhibited PGE(2)-stimulated secretion. The results support the hypothesis that PGE(2) stimulates secretion of tick salivary gland protein via a phosphoinositide signaling pathway and mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Yuan
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, 74078-3033, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|