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Yousaf M, Lu Y, Hu E, Akbar M, Shah MAKY, Noor A, Akhtar MN, Mushtaq N, Yan S, Xia C, Zhu B. Interfacial Disordering and Heterojunction Enabling Fast Proton Conduction. Small Methods 2023; 7:e2300450. [PMID: 37469012 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial disorder is a general method to change the metal-oxygen compatibility and carrier density of heterostructure materials for ionic transport modulation. Herein, to enable high proton conduction, a semiconductor heterostructure based on spinel ZnFe2 O4 (ZFO) and fluorite CeO2 is developed and investigated in terms of structural characterization, first principle calculation, and electrochemical performance. Particular attention is paid to the interfacial disordering and heterojunction effects of the material. Results show that the heterostructure induces a disordered oxygen region at the hetero-interface of ZFO-CeO2 by dislocating oxygen atoms, leading to fast proton transport. As a result, the ZFO-CeO2 exhibits a high proton conductivity of 0.21 S cm-1 and promising fuel cell power output of 1070 mW cm-2 at 510 °C. Based upon these findings, a new mechanism is proposed by focusing on the change of O-O bond length to interpret the diffusion and acceleration of protons in ZFO-CeO2 on the basis of the Grotthuss mechanism. This study provides a new strategy to customize semiconductor heterostructure to enable fast proton conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yousaf
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Yuzheng Lu
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, P. R. China
| | - Enyi Hu
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Akbar
- School of Microelectronics, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | | | - Asma Noor
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Majid Niaz Akhtar
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Mushtaq
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Senlin Yan
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, P. R. China
| | - Chen Xia
- School of Microelectronics, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
- Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories, Wuhan, 430205, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, 710049, P. R. China
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Yousaf M, Lu Y, Hu E, Wang B, Niaz Akhtar M, Noor A, Akbar M, Yousaf Shah MAK, Wang F, Zhu B. Tunable magneto-optical and interfacial defects of Nd and Cr-doped bismuth ferrite nanoparticles for microwave absorber applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:1868-1881. [PMID: 34752976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tunable microwave absorption characteristics are highly desirable for industrial applications such as antenna, absorber, and biomedical diagnostics. Here, we report BiNdxCrxFe1-2xO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) nanoparticles (NPs) with electromagnetic matching, which exhibit tunable magneto-optical and feasible microwave absorption characteristics for microwave absorber applications. The experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrate the original bismuth ferrite (BFO) crystal structure, while Nd and Cr injection in the BFO structure may cause to minimize dielectric losses and enhance magnetization by producing interfacial defects in the spinel structure. Nd and Cr co-doping plays a key role in ordering the BFO crystal structure, resulting in improved microwave absorption characteristics. The BiNd0.10Cr0.10Fe1.8O3 (BNCF2) sample exhibits a remarkable reflection loss (RL) of -37.7 dB with a 3-mm thickness in the 10.15 GHz-10.30 GHz frequency region. Therefore, Nd and Cr doping in BFO nanoparticles opens a new pathway to construct highly efficient BFO-based materials for tunable frequency, stealth, and microwave absorber applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yousaf
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No.2 Si Pai Lou, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Yuzheng Lu
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, PR China
| | - Enyi Hu
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No.2 Si Pai Lou, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Baoyuan Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University Wuhan, Hubei 430062 PR China.
| | - Majid Niaz Akhtar
- Department of Physics, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Engineering and Technology (MNSUET), Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Asma Noor
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Hubei University Wuhan, Hubei 430062 PR China
| | - Muhammad Akbar
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University Wuhan, Hubei 430062 PR China
| | - M A K Yousaf Shah
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No.2 Si Pai Lou, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Faze Wang
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No.2 Si Pai Lou, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
| | - Bin Zhu
- Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No.2 Si Pai Lou, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
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Nazir MS, Palvasha BA, Tahir Z, Hassan SU, Ali Z, Akhtar MN, Azam K, Abdullah MA. An Overview on Eco-Friendly Polymer Composites for Heavy Metal Ion Remediation. CURR ANAL CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411016666200311105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Water contamination by noxious heavy metals due to urbanization is a global environmental problem. Heavy metal ions pollution make the water unsuitable for drinking and are also highly toxic to human beings and eco-system. Remediation of heavy metals is therefore very crucial.
Method:
Adsorbents based on biopolymer and eco-friendly polymer composites have been developed and fabricated to remediate and remove heavy metals from the ecosystem.
Result:
In recent years, biocomposites have been successful as cost effective adsorbents for the remediation of various contaminants with their eco-friendly nature and sustainability.
Conclusion:
This review article gives an overview on the remediation of heavy metals using green biocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Anees Palvasha
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zaman Tahir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf ul Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Majid Niaz Akhtar
- Department of Physics, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Engineering and Technology (MNSUET), 60000, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Kashuf Azam
- Department of Chemistry, Postgraduate Islamia College, Copper Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohd. Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Abstract
Background:
Diesel mainly consists of paraffin and thio-aromatic compounds. Sulfur present in diesel exhaust is the major challenge for oil refineries. Sulfur is an oxidizing element that discharges as acute pollutant in the environment which has adverse effects on human and on animal life.
Introduction:
The scope of this review paper is to discuss and to highlight the recent advancements in process of desulfurization of diesel oil to explore the less energy intensive and more economical process.
Methods:
Recently, different techniques are widely used for desulfurization of diesel oil to remove sulfur containing compounds from diesel. These techniques mainly involve hydrodesulfurzation, oxidative desulfurization, biodesulfurization, ionic liquid desulfurization, and adsorption desulfurization.
Conclusion:
Adsorptive desulfurization technique is green, less energy incentive, and more economical technique than hydro-desulfurization, oxidative desulfurization, ionic liquid desulfurization and bio desulfurization. Optimization of adsorptive desulfurization technique may yield up to 100% desulfurization of diesel oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad Lahore Campus (CUI) 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad Lahore Campus (CUI) 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaman Tahir
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf ul Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad Lahore Campus (CUI) 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad Lahore Campus (CUI) 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Majid Niaz Akhtar
- Department of Physics, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Engineering and Technology (MNSUET), 60000 Multan, Pakistan
| | - Kashuf Azam
- Department of Chemistry Postgraduate Islamia College Copper Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohd. Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Ahmad S, Palvasha BA, Abbasi BBK, Nazir MS, Akhtar MN, Tahir Z, Abdullah MA. Preparation and Applications of Polysaccharide‐Based Composites. Polysaccharides 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119711414.ch26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Yousaf M, Mushtaq N, Zhu B, Wang B, Akhtar MN, Noor A, Afzal M. Electrochemical properties of Ni0.4Zn0.6 Fe2O4 and the heterostructure composites (Ni–Zn ferrite-SDC) for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT-SOFC). Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Saleem M, Farooq WA, Khan MI, Akhtar MN, Rehman SU, Ahmad N, Khalid M, Atif M, AlMutairi MA, Irfan M. Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles Coating Layers on Top of ZnO Nanowires for Morphological, Optical, and Photovoltaic Properties of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Micromachines (Basel) 2019; 10:mi10120819. [PMID: 31779196 PMCID: PMC6953122 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on the synthesis of ZnO nanowires (NWs), as well asthe compound nanostructures of nanoparticles (NPs) and nanowires (NWs+NPs) with different coating layers of NPs on the top of NWs and their integration in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In compound nanostructures, NWs offer direct electrical pathways for fast electron transfer, and the NPs of ZnOdispread and fill the interstices between the NWs of ZnO, offering a huge surface area for enough dye anchoring and promoting light harvesting. A significant photocurrent density of 2.64 mA/cm2 and energy conversion efficiency of 1.43% was obtained with NWs-based DSSCs. The total solar-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of the NWs+a single layer of NPs was found to be 2.28%, with a short-circuit photocurrent density (JSC) of 3.02 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.74 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.76, which is 60% higher than that of NWs cells and over 165% higher than NWs+a triple layer of NPs-based DSSCs. The improved performance was obtained due to the increased specific surface area for higher dye anchoring and light harvesting of compound nanostructures with NWs+a single layer of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Physics, Khwaja Freed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan; (M.S.); (N.A.)
| | - W. A. Farooq
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - M. I. Khan
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore 53700, Pakistan;
| | - Majid. Niaz. Akhtar
- Department of Physics, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (MNS) University of Engineering and Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Saif Ur Rehman
- Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Naseeb Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Khwaja Freed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan; (M.S.); (N.A.)
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan;
| | - M. Atif
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mona A. AlMutairi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, USTC, Hefei 230026, China;
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Akhtar MN, Sulong A, Akhtar M, Khan MA. Systematic study of Ce 3+ on the structural and magnetic properties of Cu nanosized ferrites for potential applications. J RARE EARTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ali A, Ahmad M, Akhtar MN, Shaukat SF, Mustafa G, Atif M, Farooq WA. Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 & Co3O4) and their applications in urea biosensing. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427216040017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Raza MR, Ahmad F, Muhamad N, Sulong AB, Omar M, Akhtar MN, Aslam M. Effects of solid loading and cooling rate on the mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of powder injection molded 316 L stainless steel. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gaaz TS, Sulong AB, Akhtar MN, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB, Al-Amiery AA. Properties and Applications of Polyvinyl Alcohol, Halloysite Nanotubes and Their Nanocomposites. Molecules 2015; 20:22833-47. [PMID: 26703542 PMCID: PMC6332455 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to analyze/investigate the synthesis, properties, and applications of polyvinyl alcohol-halloysite nanotubes (PVA-HNT), and their nanocomposites. Different polymers with versatile properties are attractive because of their introduction and potential uses in many fields. Synthetic polymers, such as PVA, natural polymers like alginate, starch, chitosan, or any material with these components have prominent status as important and degradable materials with biocompatibility properties. These materials have been developed in the 1980s and are remarkable because of their recyclability and consideration of the natural continuation of their physical and chemical properties. The fabrication of PVA-HNT nanocomposites can be a potential way to address some of PVA's limitations. Such nanocomposites have excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. PVA-HNT nanocomposites have been reported earlier, but without proper HNT individualization and PVA modifications. The properties of PVA-HNT for medicinal and biomedical use are attracting an increasing amount of attention for medical applications, such as wound dressings, drug delivery, targeted-tissue transportation systems, and soft biomaterial implants. The demand for alternative polymeric medical devices has also increased substantially around the world. This paper reviews individualized HNT addition along with crosslinking of PVA for various biomedical applications that have been previously reported in literature, thereby showing the attainability, modification of characteristics, and goals underlying the blending process with PVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayser Sumer Gaaz
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
- Department of Machinery Equipment Engineering Techniques, Technical College Al-Musaib, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Musaib, Babil 51009, Iraq.
| | - Abu Bakar Sulong
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Majid Niaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
- Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Amir H Kadhum
- Department of chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- Department of chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
- Fuel Cell Institute, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor 43000, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmed A Al-Amiery
- Department of chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
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Ur-Rehman A, Gul S, Abbasi MA, Nafeesa K, Akhtar MN, Khan KM, Ahmad I, Afzal S. Synthesis and Evaluation of some New 5-Substituted-1,3,4- oxadiazol-2yl-4-(morpholin-4yl Sulfonyl)benzyl Sulfides as Antibacterial Agent. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i11.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Akhtar MN, Sulong AB, Karim SA, Azhari CH, Raza MR. Evaluation of thermal, morphological and mechanical properties of PMMA/NaCl/DMF electrospun nanofibers: an investigation through surface methodology approach. Iran Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-015-0390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Rasool S, Rehman A, Abbasi MA, Gul S, Akhtar MN, Ahmad I, Afzal S. Synthesis of N'-Substituted-2-(5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1,3,4- oxadiazol-2-ylthio)acetohydrazide Derivatives as Suitable Antibacterial Agents. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i6.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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15
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Agarwal S, Akhtar MN. Great toe gouty tophus-like lesion revealing extensive tendon xanthomatosis in a asymptomatic hyperuricemic patient. J Postgrad Med 2013; 59:238-9. [DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.118054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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16
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Yahya N, Akhtar MN, Nasir N, Shafie A, Jabeli MS, Koziol K. Carbon nanotubes fibres/aluminium-NiZnFe2O4 based electromagnetic transmitter for improved magnitude versus offset (MVO) in a scaled marine environment. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 12:8100-8109. [PMID: 23421185 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.4528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In seabed logging the magnitude of electromagnetic (EM) waves for the detection of a hydrocarbon reservoir in the marine environment is very important. Having a strong EM source for exploration target 4000 m below the sea floor is a very challenging task. A new carbon nanotubes (CNT) fibres/aluminium based EM transmitter is developed and NiZn ferrite as magnetic feeders was used in a scaled tank to evaluate the presence of oil. Resistive scaled tank experiments with a scale factor of 2000 were carried out. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) were done to characterize the synthesized magnetic feeders. Single phase Ni0.76Mg0.04Zn0.2Fe2O4, obtained by the sol-gel method and sintered at 700 degrees C in air, has a [311] major peak. FESEM results show nanoparticles with average diameters of 17-45 nm. Samples which have a high Q-factor (approximately 50) was used as magnetic feeders for the EM transmitter. The magnitude of the EM waves of this new EM transmitter increases up to 400%. A curve fitting method using MATLAB software was done to evaluate the performance of the new EM transmitter. The correlation value with CNT fibres/aluminium-NiZnFe2O4 base transmitter shows a 152.5% increase of the magnetic field strength in the presence of oil. Modelling of the scale tank which replicates the marine environment was done using the Finite Element Method (FEM). In conclusion, FEM was able to delineate the presence of oil with greater magnitude of E-field (16.89%) and the B field (4.20%) due to the new EM transmitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorhana Yahya
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
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Yahya N, Akhtar MN, Koziol K. Encapsulation of Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals in multiwall carbon nanotubes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 12:8116-8122. [PMID: 23421187 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.4520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles in the hollow region of carbon nanotubes have attraction due to their changing physical electrical and magnetic properties. Nickel zinc ferrite plays an important role in many applications due to its superior magnetic properties. Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals were encapsulated in multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The magnetic nano crystals were prepared using a sol-gel self combustion method at the sintering temperature of 750 degrees C and were characterized by XRD, FESEM, TEM and VSM. Initial permeability, Q-factor and relative loss factor were measured by impedance vector network analyzer. XRD patterns were used for the phase identification. FESEM images show morphology and dimensions of the grains of Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals and Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals in MWCNTs. TEM images were used to investigate single crystal and encapsulation of Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals in the MWCNTs. VSM results confirmed super paramagnetic behaviour of encapsulated Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals. It was also attributed that encapsulated Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals in MWCNTs showed a higher initial permeability (51.608), Q-factor (67.069), and low loss factor (0.0002) as compared to Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals. The new encapsulated Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 single crystals in the MWCNTs may have potential applications in electronic and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorhana Yahya
- Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar 31750, Tronoh Perak, Malaysia
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Atta S, Ali S, Akhtar MN, Haq I. Determination of some significant batch culture conditions affecting acetyl-xylan esterase production by Penicillium notatum NRRL-1249. BMC Biotechnol 2011; 11:52. [PMID: 21575210 PMCID: PMC3112413 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-11-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acetyl-xylan esterase (AXE, EC 3.1.1.72) hydrolyses acetate group from the linear chain of xylopyranose residues bound by β-1,4-linkage. The enzyme finds commercial applications in bio-bleaching of wood pulp, treating animal feed to increase digestibility, processing food to increase clarification and converting lignocellulosics to feedstock and fuel. In the present study, we report on the production of an extracellular AXE from Penicillium notatum NRRL-1249 by solid state fermentation (SSF). Results Wheat bran at a level of 10 g (with 4 cm bed height) was optimized as the basal substrate for AXE production. An increase in enzyme activity was observed when 7.5 ml of mineral salt solution (MSS) containing 0.1% KH2PO4, 0.05% KCl, 0.05% MgSO4.7H2O, 0.3% NaNO3, 0.001% FeSO4.2H2O and 0.1% (v/w) Tween-80 as an initial moisture content was used. Various nitrogen sources including ammonium sulphate, urea, peptone and yeast extract were compared for enzyme production. Maximal enzyme activity of 760 U/g was accomplished which was found to be highly significant (p ≤ 0.05). A noticeable enhancement in enzyme activity was observed when the process parameters including incubation period (48 h), initial pH (5), 0.2% (w/w) urea as nitrogen source and 0.5% (v/w) Tween-80 as a stimulator were further optimized using a 2-factorial Plackett-Burman design. Conclusion From the results it is clear that an overall improvement of more than 35% in terms of net enzyme activity was achieved compared to previously reported studies. This is perhaps the first report dealing with the use of P. notatum for AXE production under batch culture SSF. The Plackett-Burman model terms were found highly significant (HS), suggesting the potential commercial utility of the culture used (df = 3, LSD = 0.126).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Atta
- Department of Botany, GC University Lahore, Pakistan
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Nasir N, Yahya N, Kashif M, Daud H, Akhtar MN, Zaid HM, Shafie A, Teng LC. Observation of a cubical-like microstructure of strontium iron garnet and yttrium iron garnet prepared via sol-gel technique. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:2551-2554. [PMID: 21449424 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.2724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This is our initial response towards preparation of nano-inductors garnet for high operating frequencies strontium iron garnet (Sr3Fe5O12) denoted as SrIG and yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe5O12) denoted as YIG. The garnet nano crystals were prepared by novel sol-gel technique. The phase and crystal structure of the prepared samples were identified by using X-ray diffraction analysis. SEM images were done to reveal the surface morphology of the samples. Raman spectra was taken for yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe5O12). The magnetic properties of the samples namely initial permeability (micro), relative loss factor (RLF) and quality factor (Q-Factor) were done by using LCR meter. From the XRD profile, both of the Y3Fe5O12 and Sr3Fe5O12 samples showed single phase garnet and crystallization had completely occurred at 900 degrees C for the SrIG and 950 degrees C for the YIG samples. The YIG sample showed extremely low RLF value (0.0082) and high density 4.623 g/cm3. Interesting however is the high Q factor (20-60) shown by the Sr3Fe5O12 sample from 20-100 MHz. This high performance magnetic property is attributed to the homogenous and cubical-like microstructure. The YIG particles were used as magnetic feeder for EM transmitter. It was observed that YIG magnetic feeder with the EM transmitter gave 39% higher magnetic field than without YIG magnetic feeder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Nasir
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
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Yahya N, Al Habashi RM, Koziol K, Borkowski RD, Akhtar MN, Kashif M, Hashim M. Morphology and magnetic characterisation of aluminium substituted yttrium-iron garnet nanoparticles prepared using sol gel technique. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:2652-2656. [PMID: 21449447 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.2723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum substituted yttrium iron garnet nano particles with compositional variation of Y(3.0-x) A1(x)Fe5O12, where x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 were prepared using sol gel technique. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the best garnet phase appeared when the sintering temperature was 800 degrees C. Nano-crystalline particles with high purity and sizes ranging from 20 to 100 nm were obtained. It was found that the aluminum substitution had resulted in a sharp fall of the d-spacing when x = 2, which we speculated is due to the preference of the aluminum atoms to the smaller tetrahedron and octahedron sites instead of the much larger dodecahedron site. High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and electron diffraction (ED) patterns showed single crystal nanoparticles were obtained from this method. The magnetic measurement gave moderate values of initial permeability; the highest value of 5.3 was shown by sample Y3Fe5O12 at more than 100 MHz which was attributed to the morphology of the microstructure which appeared to be homogeneous. This had resulted in an easy movement of domain walls. The substitution of aluminum for yttrium is speculated to cause a cubic to rhombodedral structural change and had weakened the super-exchange interactions thus a fall of real permeability was observed. This might have created a strain in the sub-lattices and had subsequently caused a shift of resonance frequencies to more than 1.8 GHz when x > 0.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorhana Yahya
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh Perak, Malaysia
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Sulaiman MR, Perimal EK, Akhtar MN, Mohamad AS, Khalid MH, Tasrip NA, Mokhtar F, Zakaria ZA, Lajis NH, Israf DA. Anti-inflammatory effect of zerumbone on acute and chronic inflammation models in mice. Fitoterapia 2010; 81:855-8. [PMID: 20546845 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activity of zerumbone (1), a natural cyclic sesquiterpene isolated from Zingiber zerumbet Smith was investigated using carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma tissue formation test in mice. It was demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of 1 at a dose of 5, 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg produced significant dose-dependent inhibition of paw edema induced by carrageenan. It was also demonstrated that 1 at similar doses significantly suppressed granulomatous tissue formation in cotton pellet-induced granuloma test.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Sulaiman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Sulaiman MR, Perimal EK, Zakaria ZA, Mokhtar F, Akhtar MN, Lajis NH, Israf DA. Preliminary analysis of the antinociceptive activity of zerumbone. Fitoterapia 2009; 80:230-2. [PMID: 19535012 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the antinociceptive activity of zerumbone (1), a natural cyclic sesquiterpene isolated from Zingiber zerumbet Smith, in acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test and hot plate test in mice. 1 given by intraperitoneal route produced significant dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in all the test models used. In addition, the antinociceptive effect of 1 in the hot plate test was reversed by the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, suggesting that the opioid system is involved in its analgesic mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Sulaiman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Akhtar MN, Rooney JJ, Samman NG, Hugel HM, Jackson WR, Nicolson DM, Rash D. Reactions over metal catalysts. III. Hydrogenolysis of some 3-substituted nortricyclenes. Aust J Chem 1977. [DOI: 10.1071/ch9771509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogenolysis of
3-methylnortricyclene over platinum in acetic acid solution leads to the
formation of almost equal amounts of 7-methylnorbornane and
exo-2-methylnorbornane with much smaller amounts of the endo-2-methyl compound.
In contrast, reactions over supported metal catalysts in the vapour phase lead
to a predominance of the 2-methyl compounds. Similar trends have been observed
in the hydrogenolyses of 3-cyclohexyl- and 3-acetoxy-nortricyclenes.
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