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Correa-Matos N, Rodríguez MC, Rodríguez-Pérez R. Development and Application of Interactive, Culturally Specific Strategies for the Consumption of High-fiber Foods in Puerto Rican Adolescents. Ecol Food Nutr 2020; 59:639-655. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2020.1763980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Correa-Matos
- Nutrition and Dietetics Program, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico
| | - María C. Rodríguez
- Department of Agricultural Education, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Robinson Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
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Daglio Y, Rodríguez MC, Prado HJ, Matulewicz MC. Paramylon and synthesis of its ionic derivatives: Applications as pharmaceutical tablet disintegrants and as colloid flocculants. Carbohydr Res 2019; 484:107779. [PMID: 31445311 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Paramylon, a high molecular weight polysaccharide, is a linear and unbranched (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan. Despite its numerous biological benefits, the poor aqueous solubility of crystalline paramylon is a drawback that has hampered some of its applications. In an effort to make this biomaterial amenable to practical uses, cationic and anionic paramylon derivatives were obtained. The degrees of substitution of both products were determined. The products were characterized by FT-IR spectrocopy, ESI mass spectrometry, 1H, 13C and 1H-13C NMR and SEM microscopy. These techniques confirmed the success of the substitution reactions. 1H NMR analysis was used to develop alternative methods for an approximate estimation of the degree of substitution. 1H-13C HSQC NMR spectra were assigned for both derivatives. New applications of native, cationic and anionic paramylon were found. Native paramylon showed similar performance as pharmaceutical tablet disintegrant than sodium croscarmellose. Cationic paramylon behavior as colloid flocculant was comparable with commercial cationic polyacrylamides. The anionic derivative could eventually be used in the formulation of matrix controlled release systems or as a suspending agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmín Daglio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, 1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Rodríguez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón 2, 1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor J Prado
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica II, Junín 956, 1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), Ciudad Universitaria, 1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María C Matulewicz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Ciudad Universitaria, 1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón 2, 1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Rodríguez-Pérez R, Correa-Matos N, Valdés-Valderrama A, Rodríguez-Cruz LA, Rodríguez MC. A Qualitative Study of Puerto Rican Parent and ChildPerceptions Regarding Eating Patterns. J Nutr Educ Behav 2019; 51:608-615. [PMID: 30509552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify barriers that prevent healthy eating practices in Puerto Rican early adolescents (EAs). DESIGN Qualitative data collected via focus groups. A total of 7 focus groups were conducted: 5 with EAs and 2 with parents and caregivers (PCs). SETTING Urban and rural Puerto Rico. PARTICIPANTS Early adolescents aged 12-14years (n = 52) and PCs (n = 17). PHENOMENON OF INTEREST Factors that prevent healthy eating behavior in EAs in Puerto Rico. ANALYSIS Verbatim transcripts from focus group interviews were coded for concept frequency, extension, and content analysis. RESULTS The 3 main factors that influenced participants' eating habits, according to EAs' and PCs' answers, were stores that sold less healthful foods on or near school and the community, parental influence in the development of unhealthy eating habits, and the low cost of unhealthy foods. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS When EAs chose what to eat, primary food choices were based on taste preferences, physical access, economic cost, and influence of PCs, whereas health effects had little consideration. Nutrition education programs have to meet taste preferences and provide eating options that are affordable, accessible, and easy to prepare to achieve healthy food practices among EAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, College of Agricultural Sciences,University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
| | - Nancy Correa-Matos
- Nutrition and Dietetics Program, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, Puerto Rico
| | - Angélica Valdés-Valderrama
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, College of Agricultural Sciences,University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis Alexis Rodríguez-Cruz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - María C Rodríguez
- Department of Agricultural Education, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
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Conforte VP, Yaryura PM, Bianco MI, Rodríguez MC, Daglio Y, Prieto E, Schilardi P, Vojnov AA. Changes in the physico-chemical properties of the xanthan produced byXanthomonas citrisubsp.citriin grapefruit leaf extract. Glycobiology 2019; 29:269-278. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria P Conforte
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468 (C1440FFX), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo M Yaryura
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia (CIT Villa María), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María. Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555, (5900), Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María I Bianco
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468 (C1440FFX), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Rodríguez
- niversidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón 2, C1428EGA. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yasmin Daglio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Pabellón II, 3er P, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Prieto
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas INIFTA—CONICET), Diagonal 113 y 64 S/N La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Schilardi
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas INIFTA—CONICET), Diagonal 113 y 64 S/N La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián A Vojnov
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468 (C1440FFX), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Muñoz M, Rodríguez MC, García-Cortes LA, González A, García-Casco JM, Silió L. Direct and maternal additive effects are not the main determinants of Iberian piglet perinatal mortality. J Anim Breed Genet 2017; 134:512-519. [PMID: 28960562 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Data of 127,800 Iberian piglets were used to study genetic parameters of mortality at birth at the piglet level. These records proceed from three data sets: 4,987 litter of 2,156 sows of a dam line, 2,768 litter of 817 sows of a complete diallel cross between four Iberian strains and 7,153 litter of 2,113 sows of the Torbiscal composite line. Perinatal mortality was considered as a binary trait, and Bayesian threshold animal models were fitted to separately analyse the three data sets. The posterior means of direct heritability were 0.010, 0.004 and 0.003, and those of maternal heritability were 0.034, 0.011 and 0.014 for dam line, diallel cross and Torbiscal line, respectively. Important effects of litter size and parity order were inferred in the three data sets, of within-breed cross-breeding parameters in the diallel cross and of sex and sow handling in the Torbiscal line Therefore, the inclusion of perinatal mortality in the objective of selection is questionable in this breed and strategies for reducing piglet mortality successful in other breeds should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Muñoz
- Centro I+D en Cerdo Ibérico INIA-Zafra, Zafra, Badajoz, Spain.,Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Rodríguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A González
- Ibéricos Vallehermoso, Ctra. La Solana-Infantes, Alhambra, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J M García-Casco
- Centro I+D en Cerdo Ibérico INIA-Zafra, Zafra, Badajoz, Spain.,Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Silió
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
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Lecona-Valera AN, Tao D, Rodríguez MH, López T, Dinglasan RR, Rodríguez MC. An antibody against an Anopheles albimanus midgut myosin reduces Plasmodium berghei oocyst development. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:274. [PMID: 27165123 PMCID: PMC4863318 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria parasites are transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. Although several studies have identified mosquito midgut surface proteins that are putatively important for Plasmodium ookinete invasion, only a few have characterized these protein targets and demonstrated transmission-blocking activity. Molecular information about these proteins is essential for the development of transmission-blocking vaccines (TBV). The aim of the present study was to test three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), A-140, A-78 and A-10, for their ability to recognize antigens and block oocyst infection of the midgut of Anopheles albimanus, a major malaria vector in Latin America. Method Western-blot of mAbs on antigens from midgut brush border membrane vesicles was used to select antibodies. Three mAbs were tested by membrane feeding assays to evaluate their potential transmission-blocking activity against Plasmodium berghei. The cognate antigens recognized by mAbs with oocyst-reducing activity were determined by immunoprecipitation followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results Only one mAb, A-140, significantly reduced oocyst infection intensity. Hence, its probable protein target in the Anopheles albimanus midgut was identified and characterized. It recognized three high-molecular mass proteins from a midgut brush border microvilli vesicle preparation. Chemical deglycosylation assays confirmed the peptide nature of the epitope recognized by mAb A-140. Immunoprecipitation followed by proteomic identification with tandem mass spectrometry revealed five proteins, presumably extracted together as a complex. Of these, AALB007909 had the highest mascot score and corresponds to a protein with a myosin head motor domain, indicating that the target of mAb A-140 is probably myosin located on the microvilli of the mosquito midgut. Conclusion These results provide support for the participation of myosin in mosquito midgut invasion by Plasmodium ookinetes. The potential inclusion of this protein in the design of new multivalent vaccine strategies for blocking Plasmodium transmission is discussed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1548-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba N Lecona-Valera
- Center of Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62508, Mexico
| | - Dingyin Tao
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology and the Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Mario H Rodríguez
- Center of Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62508, Mexico
| | - Tomás López
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic006F, Av. Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico
| | - Rhoel R Dinglasan
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology and the Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - María C Rodríguez
- Center of Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62508, Mexico.
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Bielsa GB, Popovich CA, Rodríguez MC, Martínez AM, Martín LA, Matulewicz MC, Leonardi PI. Simultaneous production assessment of triacylglycerols for biodiesel and exopolysaccharides as valuable co-products in Navicula cincta. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Silió L, Barragán C, Fernández AI, García-Casco J, Rodríguez MC. Assessing effective population size, coancestry and inbreeding effects on litter size using the pedigree and SNP data in closed lines of the Iberian pig breed. J Anim Breed Genet 2015; 133:145-54. [PMID: 26059912 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The complete pedigree of two closed Iberian pig lines (Gamito and Torbiscal), with 798 and 4077 reproducers, has been used to measure the evolution of coancestry (f) and inbreeding (F) for autosomal and X-linked genes along 16 and 28 respective equivalent discrete generations. At the last generation, the mean values of each line were f = 0.41 and 0.22, F = 0.35 and 0.18, fX = 0.46 and 0.22 and FX = 0.47 and 0.19, respectively. Other calculated parameters were the effective number of founders (final values, 6.8 and 35.2) and non-founders (1.5 and 2.4), founder genome equivalents (1.2 and 2.3) and effective population size (16.0 and 57.7). Measures of Torbiscal effective size based on rates of coancestry (66.1), inbreeding (65.0) and linkage disequilibrium (71.0) were estimated from whole-genome SNP genotyping data. Values of new and old inbreeding and their respective rates by generation were computed to detect purging effects of natural selection. The analysis of 6854 Torbiscal litters showed significant negative impacts of new and fast inbreeding on litter size, as expected from the purging hypothesis: -0.20 born piglets per litter by a 10% of new inbreeding, and -0.03 and -0.02 piglets by 1% of total and new inbreeding rates, respectively. The analysis performed on 1274 litters of the Gamito line failed to show purging effects. The only significant results were reductions in -0.91 and -0.17 piglets by a 10% of old and X-linked genes inbreeding, respectively. These results may be useful for some practical issues in conservation programs of farm or captive wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Silió
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Barragán
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - A I Fernández
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - J García-Casco
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Rodríguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
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Achilli J, Rodríguez MC, Folino JO. [Postraumatic mental disorders in traders victims of crime]. Vertex 2014; 25:405-412. [PMID: 26098818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Crime consequences are not only a security problem; they are also a community health question. Because shop assistants are particularly exposed to crime victimization, they are at risk from suffering posttraumatic stress disorders. OBJECTIVES To describe posttraumatic symptomatology of crime victimized shop assistants and to explore the relationship between the symptoms and demographic, victim and situational factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Self-reported information about mental symptomatology was gathered from 126 victimized shop assistants identified during cross-sectional study. Case and control groups were formed to explore association between symptomatology and crime and victim characteristics. RESULTS The 20.6% of respondents reported information compatible with posttraumatic stress disorder; the 13 %, with moderate/severe depression and the 69.8% with adjustment disorder. The condition of being a case was associated with the violent characteristic of the crime, with the subtraction of goods and the economic value of the goods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Achilli
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata
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Fernández AI, Barragán C, Fernández A, Rodríguez MC, Villanueva B. Copy number variants in a highly inbred Iberian porcine strain. Anim Genet 2014; 45:357-66. [PMID: 24597621 DOI: 10.1111/age.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We carried out a comprehensive genomic analysis of porcine copy number variants (CNVs) based on whole-genome SNP genotyping data and provided new measures of genomic diversity (number, length and distribution of CNV events) for a highly inbred strain (the Guadyerbas strain). This strain represents one of the most ancient surviving populations of the Iberian breed, and it is currently in serious danger of extinction. CNV detection was conducted on the complete Guadyerbas population, adjusted for genomic waves, and used strict quality criteria, pedigree information and the latest porcine genome annotation. The analysis led to the detection of 65 CNV regions (CNVRs). These regions cover 0.33% of the autosomal genome of this particular strain. Twenty-nine of these CNVRs were identified here for the first time. The relatively low number of detected CNVRs is in line with the low variability and high inbreeding estimated previously for this Iberian strain using pedigree, microsatellite or SNP data. A comparison across different porcine studies has revealed that more than half of these regions overlap with previously identified CNVRs or multicopy regions. Also, a preliminary analysis of CNV detection using whole-genome sequence data for four Guadyerbas pigs showed overlapping for 16 of the CNVRs, supporting their reliability. Some of the identified CNVRs contain relevant functional genes (e.g., the SCD and USP15 genes), which are worth being further investigated because of their importance in determining the quality of Iberian pig products. The CNVR data generated could be useful for improving the porcine genome annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Fernández
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Ctra. De la Coruña km. 7.5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
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Esteve-Codina A, Paudel Y, Ferretti L, Raineri E, Megens HJ, Silió L, Rodríguez MC, Groenen MAM, Ramos-Onsins SE, Pérez-Enciso M. Dissecting structural and nucleotide genome-wide variation in inbred Iberian pigs. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:148. [PMID: 23497037 PMCID: PMC3601988 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast to international pig breeds, the Iberian breed has not been admixed with Asian germplasm. This makes it an important model to study both domestication and relevance of Asian genes in the pig. Besides, Iberian pigs exhibit high meat quality as well as appetite and propensity to obesity. Here we provide a genome wide analysis of nucleotide and structural diversity in a reduced representation library from a pool (n=9 sows) and shotgun genomic sequence from a single sow of the highly inbred Guadyerbas strain. In the pool, we applied newly developed tools to account for the peculiarities of these data. RESULTS A total of 254,106 SNPs in the pool (79.6 Mb covered) and 643,783 in the Guadyerbas sow (1.47 Gb covered) were called. The nucleotide diversity (1.31x10-3 per bp in autosomes) is very similar to that reported in wild boar. A much lower than expected diversity in the X chromosome was confirmed (1.79x10-4 per bp in the individual and 5.83x10-4 per bp in the pool). A strong (0.70) correlation between recombination and variability was observed, but not with gene density or GC content. Multicopy regions affected about 4% of annotated pig genes in their entirety, and 2% of the genes partially. Genes within the lowest variability windows comprised interferon genes and, in chromosome X, genes involved in behavior like HTR2C or MCEP2. A modified Hudson-Kreitman-Aguadé test for pools also indicated an accelerated evolution in genes involved in behavior, as well as in spermatogenesis and in lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This work illustrates the strength of current sequencing technologies to picture a comprehensive landscape of variability in livestock species, and to pinpoint regions containing genes potentially under selection. Among those genes, we report genes involved in behavior, including feeding behavior, and lipid metabolism. The pig X chromosome is an outlier in terms of nucleotide diversity, which suggests selective constraints. Our data further confirm the importance of structural variation in the species, including Iberian pigs, and allowed us to identify new paralogs for known gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Esteve-Codina
- Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Centre Nacional d'Anàlisi Genòmica (CNAG), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yogesh Paudel
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, 6708 WD, The Netherlands
| | - Luca Ferretti
- Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | | | - Hendrik-Jan Megens
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, 6708 WD, The Netherlands
| | - Luis Silió
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | | | - Martein AM Groenen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, 6708 WD, The Netherlands
| | | | - Miguel Pérez-Enciso
- Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Carrer de Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
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Silió L, Rodríguez MC, Fernández A, Barragán C, Benítez R, Óvilo C, Fernández AI. Measuring inbreeding and inbreeding depression on pig growth from pedigree or SNP-derived metrics. J Anim Breed Genet 2013; 130:349-60. [PMID: 24074172 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multilocus homozygosity, measured as the proportion of the autosomal genome in homozygous genotypes or in runs of homozygosity, was compared with the respective pedigree inbreeding coefficients in 64 Iberian pigs genotyped using the Porcine SNP60 Beadchip. Pigs were sampled from a set of experimental animals with a large inbreeding variation born in a closed strain with a completely recorded multi-generation genealogy. Individual inbreeding coefficients calculated from pedigree were strongly correlated with the different SNP-derived metrics of homozygosity (r = 0.814-0.919). However, unequal correlations between molecular and pedigree inbreeding were observed at chromosomal level being mainly dependent on the number of SNPs and on the correlation between heterozygosities measured across different loci. A panel of 192 SNPs of intermediate frequencies was selected for genotyping 322 piglets to test inbreeding depression on postweaning growth performance (daily gain and weight at 90 days). The negative effects on these traits of homozygosities calculated from the genotypes of 168 quality-checked SNPs were similar to those of inbreeding coefficients. The results support that few hundreds of SNPs may be useful for measuring inbreeding and inbreeding depression, when the population structure or the mating system causes a large variance of inbreeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Silió
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
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Burgos-Paz W, Souza CA, Megens HJ, Ramayo-Caldas Y, Melo M, Lemús-Flores C, Caal E, Soto HW, Martínez R, Alvarez LA, Aguirre L, Iñiguez V, Revidatti MA, Martínez-López OR, Llambi S, Esteve-Codina A, Rodríguez MC, Crooijmans RPMA, Paiva SR, Schook LB, Groenen MAM, Pérez-Enciso M. Porcine colonization of the Americas: a 60k SNP story. Heredity (Edinb) 2012; 110:321-30. [PMID: 23250008 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2012.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The pig, Sus scrofa, is a foreign species to the American continent. Although pigs originally introduced in the Americas should be related to those from the Iberian Peninsula and Canary islands, the phylogeny of current creole pigs that now populate the continent is likely to be very complex. Because of the extreme climates that America harbors, these populations also provide a unique example of a fast evolutionary phenomenon of adaptation. Here, we provide a genome wide study of these issues by genotyping, with a 60k SNP chip, 206 village pigs sampled across 14 countries and 183 pigs from outgroup breeds that are potential founders of the American populations, including wild boar, Iberian, international and Chinese breeds. Results show that American village pigs are primarily of European ancestry, although the observed genetic landscape is that of a complex conglomerate. There was no correlation between genetic and geographical distances, neither continent wide nor when analyzing specific areas. Most populations showed a clear admixed structure where the Iberian pig was not necessarily the main component, illustrating how international breeds, but also Chinese pigs, have contributed to extant genetic composition of American village pigs. We also observe that many genes related to the cardiovascular system show an increased differentiation between altiplano and genetically related pigs living near sea level.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Burgos-Paz
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
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14
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García-Tamez SE, Echegoyen-Monroy S, Ybarra-Barrera P, Rodríguez MC. [Epidemiology of injuries in a male college indoor soccer team]. Acta Ortop Mex 2012; 26:219-223. [PMID: 23320322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND So far there are no reports on the incidence of injuries in indoor soccer and their characteristics, so we decided to find out what happens in a college team of this sport. MATERIAL AND METHODS The physician in a team recorded the injuries that occurred during the trainings and games from April to December 2009. The number of exposure hours of players was determined. The frequencies and incidence per exposure were calculated. RESULTS A total of 62 injuries were recorded. The incidence during games was 8.97 injuries/100 hours, and during trainings 0.88 injuries/100 hours. Midfielders and defenders had the highest incidence of injuries, with 1.50 and 1.29 injuries per 100 hours of exposure, respectively. Eighty percent of the injuries involved the pelvic limbs and 11% the thoracic limbs. Sprains represented 25% of the injuries, followed by contusions and muscle injuries, with 23 and 18%, respectively. Ninety-two percent of the injuries were mild, 6.5% moderate and 1.5% severe. CONCLUSIONS There are similarities with other studies; however, it is difficult to compare the studies reported on soccer and indoor soccer with this one due to the differences in collection methods, population and participants. The strength of this study is that a single physician made the diagnosis and follow-up, care was provided immediately and all the injuries that occurred in the team were recorded. This leads to continue conducting studies on the mechanisms and causes of injuries, which may be used to implement preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E García-Tamez
- Dirección de Medicina del Deporte, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
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15
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Esteve-Codina A, Kofler R, Himmelbauer H, Ferretti L, Vivancos AP, Groenen MAM, Folch JM, Rodríguez MC, Pérez-Enciso M. Partial short-read sequencing of a highly inbred Iberian pig and genomics inference thereof. Heredity (Edinb) 2011; 107:256-64. [PMID: 21407255 PMCID: PMC3183945 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2011.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite dramatic reduction in sequencing costs with the advent of next generation sequencing technologies, obtaining a complete mammalian genome sequence at sufficient depth is still costly. An alternative is partial sequencing. Here, we have sequenced a reduced representation library of an Iberian sow from the Guadyerbas strain, a highly inbred strain that has been used in numerous QTL studies because of its extreme phenotypic characteristics. Using the Illumina Genome Analyzer II (San Diego, CA, USA), we resequenced ∼ 1% of the genome with average 4 × depth, identifying 68,778 polymorphisms. Of these, 55,457 were putative fixed differences with respect to the assembly, based on the genome of a Duroc pig, and 13,321 were heterozygous positions within Guadyerbas. Despite being highly inbred, the estimate of heterozygosity within Guadyerbas was ∼ 0.78 kb(-1) in autosomes, after correcting for low depth. Nucleotide variability was consistently higher at the telomeric regions than on the rest of the chromosome, likely a result of increased recombination rates. Further, variability was 50% lower in the X-chromosome than in autosomes, which may be explained by a recent bottleneck or by selection. We divided the whole genome in 500 kb windows and we analyzed overrepresented gene ontology terms in regions of low and high variability. Multi organism process, pigmentation and cell killing were overrepresented in high variability regions and metabolic process ontology, within low variability regions. Further, a genome wide Hudson-Kreitman-Aguadé test was carried out per window; overall, variability was in agreement with neutral expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Esteve-Codina
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R Kofler
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Himmelbauer
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Ferretti
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Science, Centre for Research in Agrigenomics (CRAG), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A P Vivancos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A M Groenen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J M Folch
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M C Rodríguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pérez-Enciso
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Mesas JM, Rodríguez MC, Alegre MT. Characterization of lactic acid bacteria from musts and wines of three consecutive vintages of Ribeira Sacra. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 52:258-68. [PMID: 21204877 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02991.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designed to isolate and characterize the lactic acid microbiota of the musts and wines of a young denomination of origin area, Ribeira Sacra in north-west Spain. METHODS AND RESULTS Over three consecutive years (2007, 2008 and 2009), we examined musts and wines from four cellars in different zones of the region. Through biochemical and genetic tests, 459 isolates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were identified as the following species: Lactobacillus alvei (0·7%), Lactobacillus brevis (1·7%), Lactobacillus frumenti (0·9%), Lactobacillus kunkeei (12%), Lactobacillus plantarum (6·5%), Lactobacillus pentosus (0·9%), Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (3%), Leuconostoc citreum (0·7%), Leuconostoc fructosum (synon. Lactobacillus fructosum) (3·7%), Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides (2·8%), Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides (0·2%), Oenococcus oeni (59%), Pediococcus parvulus (7%) and Weisella paramesenteroides (synon. Leuconostoc paramesenteroides) (0·9%). Of these species, O. oeni was the main one responsible for malolactic fermentation (MLF) in all cellars and years with the exception of Lact. plantarum, predominant in 2007, in one cellar, and Lact. brevis, Lact. frumenti and Ped. parvulus coexisting with O. oeni in one cellar in 2009. Different strains (84) of LAB species (14) were identified by biochemical techniques (API strips, the presence of plasmids, enzyme activities and MLF performance) and molecular techniques (PCR). All assays were carried out with every one of the 459 isolates. To select candidates for use as culture starters, we assessed malolactic, β-glucosidase and tannase activities, the presence of genes involved in biogenic amine production and plasmid content. CONCLUSIONS A high diversity of LAB is present in the grape musts of Ribeira Sacra but few species are responsible for MLF; however, different strains of such species are involved in the process. As far as we are aware, this is the first report of Lact. frumenti thriving in wine. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Information on LAB populations in must and wine is presented. A large collection of well-characterized strains of LAB are available as starter cultures to winemakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Mesas
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología (Tecnología de Alimentos), Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario s/n, Lugo, Spain.
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17
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Kuczynski M, Rodríguez MC, Wiese R, Ruiz V, Dal Bello M, Castillo J, Delucchi G, Biesa J, Folino J. [Mental disorders and working capacity evaluation in psychiatric boards]. Vertex 2011; 22:11-18. [PMID: 21505642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The evaluation by a "Psychiatric Board" of workers in certified sickness absence is a complex practice, and its results have significant effects from a work and health standpoint. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the inter-rater reliability in the psychiatric board and the association between self-reported measurement and the board judgment. MATERIALS AND METHOD information was obtained from 68 school teachers on sick leaves through self-reported scales (Zung and Conde Self-rating Scale for Depression; Maslach Burnout Inventory; Effort-reward Imbalance Questionnaire; and Self Reported Present Health State Scale). Blind clinical psychiatric evaluation regarding the former information was carried out. Two independent scores of the Global Assessment Scale; Clinical Global Impression; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and Reliability Scale were obtained. RESULTS The results support the reliability of the instruments and that they can provide important information to the Psychiatric Board.
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18
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Lecona AN, Rodríguez MH, Argotte RS, Alvarado A, Rodríguez MC. Plasmodium berghei ookinetes glide and release Pbs25 and circumsporozoite thrombospondin-related protein on solid surface substrata. J Parasitol 2010; 96:216-8. [PMID: 19747017 DOI: 10.1645/ge-2193.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium spp. development within mosquito vectors includes invasive ookinete and sporozoites stages, which display gliding movements during invasion of the midgut and salivary glands, respectively. Sporozoite gliding has been well documented, and several proteins released during sporozoite's locomotion have been described. However, proteins on the ookinete gliding trails are poorly described. In the present study, we documented that 2 proteins, Pbs25 and circumsporozoite thrombospondin-related protein (CTRP), are released during Plasmodium berghei ookinete gliding on a solid surface substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Lecona
- Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Ave. Universidad No. 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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19
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Viadas C, Rodríguez MC, Sangari FJ, Gorvel JP, García-Lobo JM, López-Goñi I. Transcriptome analysis of the Brucella abortus BvrR/BvrS two-component regulatory system. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10216. [PMID: 20422049 PMCID: PMC2858072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 03/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The two-component BvrR/BvrS system is essential for Brucella abortus virulence. It was shown previously that its dysfunction alters the expression of some major outer membrane proteins and the pattern of lipid A acylation. To determine the genes regulated by BvrR/BvrS, we performed a whole-genome microarray analysis using B. abortus RNA obtained from wild type and bvrR mutant cells grown in the same conditions. Methodology/Principal Findings A total of 127 differentially expressed genes were found: 83 were over expressed and 44 were less expressed in the bvrR mutant. Two operons, the phosphotransferase system and the maltose transport system, were down-regulated. Several genes involved in cell envelope or outer membrane biogenesis were differentially expressed: genes for outer membrane proteins (omp25a, omp25d), lipoproteins, LPS and fatty acid biosynthesis, stress response proteins, chaperones, flagellar genes, and twelve genes encoding ABC transport systems. Ten genes related with carbon metabolism (pckA and fumB among others) were up-regulated in the bvrR mutant, and denitrification genes (nirK, norC and nosZ) were also regulated. Notably, seven transcriptional regulators were affected, including VjbR, ExoR and OmpR that were less expressed in the bvrR mutant. Finally, the expression of eleven genes which have been previously related with Brucella virulence was also altered. Conclusions/Significance All these data corroborate the impact of BvrR/BvrS on cell envelope modulation, confirm that this system controls the carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and suggest a cross-talk among some regulators to adjust the Brucella physiology to the shift expected to occur during the transit from the extracellular to the intracellular niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Viadas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María C. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria and Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), UC/CSIC/IDICAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Felix J. Sangari
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria and Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), UC/CSIC/IDICAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Jean-Pierre Gorvel
- Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), UMR6546, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Inserm, U631, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR6102, Marseille, France
| | - Juan M. García-Lobo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria and Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), UC/CSIC/IDICAN, Santander, Spain
| | - Ignacio López-Goñi
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Bolaño S, Bravo J, Castro J, García-Fontán S, Rodríguez MC. Synthesis and characterization of rhenium carbonyltrifluoroacetate complexes with phosphites, phosphonites and phosphinites. Polyhedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2009.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Rodríguez MC, Matulewicz MC, Noseda MD, Ducatti DRB, Leonardi PI. Agar from Gracilaria gracilis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) of the Patagonic coast of Argentina--content, structure and physical properties. Bioresour Technol 2009; 100:1435-41. [PMID: 18809318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2007] [Revised: 07/22/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Milled summer thalli of Gracilaria gracilis from Argentina were sequentially extracted with water at room temperature (RTW1-3), 70 degrees C (W701-3) and 90 degrees C (W901-2). Both W701 and W901 consisted of high molecular weight polysaccharides (ca. 540,000Da), but polydispersity was higher for the major product W701 (yield, 72% of the recovered). Structural analyzes by methylation and (13)C NMR spectroscopy revealed that W701 was mainly agarose. Alkaline treatment, together with structural analyzes, indicated a negligible proportion of precursor l-galactose 6-sulfate residues in this product, while they were clearly detected in the (13)C NMR spectra of RTW2-3. The presence of floridean starch in W901 had an antagonistic effect on its gel strength, which resulted nearly three times lower than that of fraction W701. Ultrastructural observation by transmission electron microscopy showed that, after extraction with hot water, a partial loss of cell wall stratification and disorganization of the cuticle had occurred. Final cellular debris exhibited swelling in the microfibrillar component. After this first thorough study of the chemical composition and physical properties of the products of G. gracilis from Bahía Bustamante we conclude that a good quality agarose is obtained in high yield after extraction with water at 70 degrees C without the requirement of alkaline pretreatment, which usually produces degradation of the polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fernández AI, Alves E, Fernández A, de Pedro E, López-García MA, Ovilo C, Rodríguez MC, Silió L. Mitochondrial genome polymorphisms associated with longissimus muscle composition in Iberian pigs. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1283-90. [PMID: 18344306 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2007-0568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We carried out a study to investigate the associations between mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms and meat quality traits (intramuscular fat and protein content of the longissimus) in an Iberian porcine line named Torbiscal. The studied pigs (n = 319) belong to 9 maternal lineages and were previously assigned to 6 mitochondrial haplotypes (H1 to H6), based on Cytochrome b and Dloop sequences. Statistical analyses, following a bivariate mixed model, show a greater fat content and lower protein content in H3 haplotype carriers than H1, H2, H4, H5, and H6 haplotype carriers. The magnitudes of these differences are close to 1 g of fat and -0.5 g of protein per 100 g of muscle. To identify the causative mutation of these effects on intramuscular fat and protein contents, the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of 6 individuals was determined, each one carrying a different mitochondrial haplotype. The alignments of these 6 complete mitochondrial sequences allowed identification of 32 substitutions and 2 indels. Two polymorphic positions were exclusively detected in H3 carriers: a synonymous transition 9104C > T in the gene-coding region of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III and a substitution 715A > G in 12S rRNA. Genotyping results of a larger number of Torbiscal samples showed the exclusive presence of 9104T and 715G alleles in H3 carriers. The detected candidate substitutions are located in essential mitochondrial genes, and although they do not change the amino acid composition, we cannot disregard a potential change in the secondary structure of their corresponding mRNA. The usefulness of these polymorphisms as markers in selection programs requires validation of the consistency of these results in other Iberian pig lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Fernández
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Ctra. de la Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Muñoz G, Alves E, Fernández A, Ovilo C, Barragán C, Estellé J, Quintanilla R, Folch JM, Silió L, Rodríguez MC, Fernández AI. QTL detection on porcine chromosome 12 for fatty-acid composition and association analyses of the fatty acid synthase, gastric inhibitory polypeptide and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha genes. Anim Genet 2008; 38:639-46. [PMID: 18052940 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2007.01668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Refinement of previous QTL on porcine chromosome 12 for fatty-acid composition and a candidate gene association analysis were conducted using an Iberian x Landrace cross. The concentrations of ten fatty acids were assayed in backfat tissue from which four metabolic ratios were calculated for 403 F2 animals. Linkage analysis identified two significant QTL. The first QTL was associated with the average chain length ratio and the percentages of myristic, palmitic and gadoleic acids. The second QTL was associated with percentages of palmitoleic, stearic and vaccenic acids. Based upon its position on SSC12, fatty acid synthase was tested as a candidate gene for the first QTL and no significant effects were found. Similarly, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha (ACACA) were tested as candidate genes for the second QTL using three SNPs in GIP and 15 synonymous SNPs in ACACA cDNA sequences. Two missense SNPs in GIP showed significant effects with palmitoleic and stearic fatty-acid concentration. Highly significant associations were found for two SNPs in ACACA with stearic, palmitoleic and vaccenic fatty-acid concentrations. These associations could be due to linkage disequilibrium with the causal mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Muñoz
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez MC, Merino ER, Pujol CA, Damonte EB, Cerezo AS, Matulewicz MC. Galactans from cystocarpic plants of the red seaweed Callophyllis variegata (Kallymeniaceae, Gigartinales). Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:2742-51. [PMID: 16289051 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2005.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2005] [Accepted: 10/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The polysaccharide extracted from cystocarpic Callophyllis variegata was fractionated with potassium chloride yielding three small fractions that precipitated in the ranges of 0-0.05 M KCl, 1.20-1.25 M KCl, and 1.80-2.00 M KCl, and a main product soluble in 2.00 M KCl. These fractions were analyzed, and as the first one contained very high amounts of protein, it was not studied further. Structural analysis of the rest of the fractions (F1-F3) was carried out by methylation, desulfation-methylation, IR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The results are consistent for F1 with a carrageenan-type backbone mainly constituted by beta-D-galactose 2-sulfate linked to alpha-D-galactose 2,3,6-trisulfate and beta-D-galactose 2,4-disulfate linked to 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose 2-sulfate as dominant diads. In F2 these diads are present together with low amounts of beta-D-galactose 2-sulfate linked to 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose 2-sulfate, whose contribution becomes higher in F3. In addition, minor but significant amounts of L-galactose were detected. F1-F3 showed potent antiviral activity against herpes simplex types 1 and 2 and dengue type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fabuel E, Barragán C, Silió L, Rodríguez MC, Toro MA. Analysis of genetic diversity and conservation priorities in Iberian pigs based on microsatellite markers. Heredity (Edinb) 2004; 93:104-13. [PMID: 15150539 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Iberian breed is the most important pig population of the Mediterranean type. The genetic structure of two strains (Torbiscal and Guadyerbas) and three varieties (Retinto, Entrepelado and Lampiño) of this breed was studied using 173 pigs genotyped for 36 microsatellites. In addition, 40 pigs of the related Duroc breed were also analysed. In the 1960s, the Iberian breed's numbers were severely reduced by disease, due to economic change and to crossbreeding. Varieties are in danger of disappearance or blending. A new conservation strategy is required. An analysis was performed that allows us to ascertain the loss or gain of genetic diversity if one or several subpopulations are removed. The results are compared with those using the Weitzman method. The two methodologies produce conservation priorities that are completely different, the reason being that the Weitzman method does not take into account the within-population genetic diversity. We apply optimal contribution theory and a new procedure for cluster analysis, and discuss their value in the general framework of the problems of setting of priorities and tactics for the conservation of genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fabuel
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Carretera La Coruña km. 7, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Alves E, Ovilo C, Rodríguez MC, Silió L. Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation and phylogenetic relationships among Iberian pigs and other domestic and wild pig populations. Anim Genet 2004; 34:319-24. [PMID: 14510666 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2052.2003.01010.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome B gene (1140 bp) and control region (707 bp) were used to determine the phylogenetic relationships among 51 pig samples representing ancient and current varieties of Iberian pigs (26), Spanish wild boars (seven) and other domestic pigs (18) of cosmopolitan (Duroc, Large White, Landrace, Pietrain and Meishan) and local (Spotted Black Jabugo, Basque and Mangalitza) breeds. A neighbour-joining tree constructed from pairwise distances provide evidence of the European origin of both Iberian pigs and Spanish wild boars. The introgression of Asian mtDNA haplotypes in the genetic pool of the Iberian breed seems unlikely. Four estimates of sequence divergence between European and Asian clades were calculated from the two main domains of the D-loop region and the synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions in the cytochrome B gene. The time since the divergence of pig ancestors was estimated at about 600,000 years before present.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Alves
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez MC, Sáiz MP, Mitjavila MT. A sardine oil-rich diet increases iron absorption but does not compensate the hypoferremia associated with inflammation. Lipids 2003; 38:821-6. [PMID: 14577660 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-003-1131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory disorders are associated with a decrease in iron absorption because of the blockade of iron in storage organs. Fish oils, rich in n-3 PUFA, are used to prevent and treat inflammatory disorders and increase iron absorption in noninflamed rats. Here we examine whether n-3 PUFA prevent inflammation-related hypoferremia. Two groups of rats were fed isoenergetic semipurified diets (a standard diet and a sardine oil-rich diet). A carrageenan granuloma was induced in half of the rats of each dietary group. Ferrokinetic studies using 59Fe, hematological analyses, and iron store evaluation were performed in noninflamed and inflamed rats. Although dietary n-3 PUFA increased 59Fe absorption in carageenan-treated rats, they did not restore the hypoferremia associated with inflammation, which is due to several mechanisms. Among these mechanisms, the blockade of iron in storage organs is relevant. However, this blockade was less evident in the spleen of inflamed rats fed the sardine oil diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Rodríguez
- Department de Fisiologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Lucas M, Rodríguez MC, Gata JM, Zayas MD, Solano F, Izquierdo G. Regulation by interferon beta-1a of reactive oxygen metabolites production by lymphocytes and monocytes and serum sulfhydryls in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients. Neurochem Int 2003; 42:67-71. [PMID: 12441169 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-0186(02)00057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The activation of lymphocytes and monocytes and the concentration of reduction equivalents in serum were studied in a cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients undergoing weekly treatment with 30 microg intramuscular interferon beta-1a for 2 years. The degree of activation of monocytes and lymphocytes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was higher in MS patients than in healthy controls and decreased in the course of interferon beta-1a treatment approaching control values. The concentration of reduced sulfhydryls in the serum of MS patients was lower than in healthy controls and the treatment with interferon beta-1a (IFNbeta-1a) raised the levels approaching the values of healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Lucas
- Molecular Biology Service of the Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Avda. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071 Seville, Spain.
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Rodríguez MC, Margos G, Compton H, Ku M, Lanz H, Rodríguez MH, Sinden RE. Plasmodium berghei: routine production of pure gametocytes, extracellular gametes, zygotes, and ookinetes. Exp Parasitol 2002; 101:73-6. [PMID: 12243741 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4894(02)00035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M C Rodríguez
- Infection and Immunity Section, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Department of Biology, Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Fernández A, Rodrigáñez J, Toro MA, Rodríguez MC, Silió L. Inbreeding effects on the parameters of the growth function in three strains of Iberian pigs. J Anim Sci 2002; 80:2267-75. [PMID: 12350004 DOI: 10.2527/2002.8092267x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth performance of inbred pigs coming from full-sib matings was compared to that of contemporary animals coming from the same sires mated to control dams. The animals belong to three strains of Iberian pigs with different histories of previous inbreeding. The data consisted of 1,615 weight records between 50 and 250 d of age from 229 pigs. The statistical model assumed the two parameters that describe the linear growth function (a = intercept, b = slope) as different traits (weight at 120 d and daily gain) and the analysis was carried out in a Bayesian framework via Gibbs sampling. The means of the posterior distribution of heritabilities, common litter environmental coefficients, and genetic correlation were 0.328 (h(2)a), 0.332 (h2b), 0.084 (c(2)a), 0.060 (c(2)b) and 0.973 (rhoG). Inbreeding depression, expressed as the performance decrease relative to the mean, per 10% increase of the inbreeding coefficient, was -3.18, -2.31 and -5.37% for weight at 120 d (a), and -3.16, -2.08 and -6.49% for daily gain (b) in each of the three strains. The results indicate that the inbreeding effects are dependent on the level of previous inbreeding, the more previous inbreeding, the less inbreeding depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fernández
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Mutations in Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene result in X linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). Using Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) followed by direct sequencing 21 mutations were found in 27 patients with an XLA phenotype from 21 unrelated families. We identified 13 novel and 8 known mutations: seven missense (R288W, R544G, P566S, K430E; K374N, L512P, R544S), 5 nonsense (Q196X, Y361X, L249X, Q612X, Q466X), 2 deletions of one nucleotide (A207fsX216, Q612fsX648), 2 deletion-insertions (V219fsX227, K218fsX228), one insertion of two nucleotides (S572fsX587) and 4 point mutations in donor/acceptor splice sites (g.IVS1+1G>C, g.IVS6+5G>A, g.IVS10+1G>T, g.IVS13-1GG>CT). Carrier detection was performed in 18 mothers. Only in one case the mutation was found to be de novo. Additionally, BTK mutations were not found in four patients without family history, but with XLA-compatible phenotype. Hum Mutat 18:84, 2001.
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Hernández-Hernández A, Sánchez-Bernal C, Rodríguez MC, Gómez FP, Llanillo M, Sánchez-Yagüe J. Loss of phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity and changes in the tyrosine phosphorylation state of proteins after storage of sheep platelets in plasma or Seto solution at 4 degrees C. Vox Sang 2001; 81:241-7. [PMID: 11904000 DOI: 10.1046/j.1423-0410.2001.00111.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES During platelet storage an array of deleterious changes occur, through mechanisms not fully understood, which impair platelet haemostasis. Transfused platelets should maintain the integrated networks of signalling pathways that regulate platelet activation and functionality. We hypothesized that protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, which play a fundamental role in these pathways, might be affected by platelet storage. We therefore investigated whether the activity of phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTP), which belongs to an oxidant-susceptible group of enzymes involved in the platelet signal-transduction pathways that ensure platelet functionality, is affected by platelet storage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using sheep platelet species as a model system, we conducted serial studies on the membranes of platelets and microparticles shed during platelet storage, in their own plasma or in a synthetic medium called Seto, for up to 5 days at 4 degrees C. RESULTS A progressive decrease in both total and specific membrane-associated PTP activities from whole platelets (but not from microparticles) located within each platelet storage bag was observed from day 1 onwards in both types of storage media. These decreases could be partly avoided by the addition of vitamin E. Additionally, the observed decrease in PTP activity was accompanied with increases in the tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins from whole platelets or crude platelet membranes, the tyrosine phosphorylation state of proteins from microparticles remaining basically unchanged. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that alterations of at least the tyrosine phosphorylation balance might be one of the reasons for the decrease in the haemostatic function of stored platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, 106 Plaza Doctores de la Reina, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Abstract
Nucleotide sequence analysis of two cryptic plasmids, pRS2 (2544 bp) and pRS3 (3948 bp), from Oenococcus oeni revealed the presence in both of three major open reading frames with significant similarity to other small cryptic plasmids from O. oeni. The results suggest that those plasmids could be separated into two subfamilies, one represented by pLo13 and pRS3, the other represented by pOg32, pRS1, and pRS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Mesas
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología (Tecnología de los Alimentos), Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
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Linazasoro G, Guridi J, Rodríguez MC, Gorospe A, Ramos E, Ruibal M, Obeso JA. [Surgery of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease]. Rev Neurol 2000; 30:1066-72. [PMID: 10904955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT The subthalamic nucleus (STN) plays a crucial part in the pathophysiology of Parkinsonism. Its inactivation improves all the main signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Surgery of the STN in patients with the disease is effective and the benefit/risk relationship very favorable. Although the dyskinesias are not a definite limitation, it seems most reasonable to use techniques of deep cerebral stimulation until greater experience has been obtained with subthalamotomy. The long term efficacy is being studied and preliminary data indicate that the clinical benefit obtained is maintained in the long term. CONCLUSIONS More studies are necessary to determine the mechanism of action of surgery on the STN. The potential neuroprotector effect of subthalamic surgery requires more extensive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Linazasoro
- Centro de Neurología y Neurocirugía funcional, Clínica Quirón, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate sociodemographic factors and smoking habit characteristics associated with spontaneous smoking cessation during pregnancy. DESIGN SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study including 726 pregnant smoking women who attended the antenatal clinic of the Vall d'Hebron University Hospital in Barcelona between July and December 1997 and who agreed to participate were studied. Information was obtained by a structured questionnaire which included items on age, educational level, marital status, previous and current smoking habit, partner smoking habit and partner's attitude towards the smoking habit of the pregnant woman. RESULTS At the first antenatal visit, 19.7% of women had given up smoking spontaneously. Light smokers (between 1 and 9 daily cigarettes; OR = 4.74) or moderate smokers (between 10 and 19 daily cigarettes; OR = 2.20) were more likely to stop smoking compared to heavy smokers (more than 20 daily cigarettes). If the partner did not smoke, smoking cessation was more likely among pregnant women (OR = 1.78). At the first antenatal visit, among those women who carried on smoking during pregnancy, there was a significative reduction in cigarette consumption of about half the usual daily number of cigarettes smoked. CONCLUSIONS One out of five pregnant women give up smoking spontaneously during pregnancy from the moment they know they were pregnant until the first antenatal visit. Women who are less likely to stop smoking during pregnancy are those who smoke a larger number of cigarettes. Family environment is an important influential factor in the smoking habit of the pregnant woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jané
- Servicio de Promoción de la Salud, Instituto Municipal de Salud Pública de Barcelona
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Román J, Serrano J, Jiménez A, Castillejo JA, Reina ML, González MG, Rodríguez MC, García I, Sánchez J, Maldonado J, Torres A. Myeloid mixed chimerism is associated with relapse in bcr-abl positive patients after unmanipulated allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia. Haematologica 2000; 85:173-80. [PMID: 10681725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Although bcr-abl polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is significantly related to relapse, the predictive value of the assay is not very high and therefore most investigators consider that qualitative RT-PCR data alone are too imprecise to enable clinical decisions to be taken in individual cases. To define the clinical outcome of bcr-abl positive patients after unmanipulated BMT better, we sought the origin of hematopoiesis and traced its evolution over time. DESIGN AND METHODS Forty-nine patients received allogeneic BMT for CML (39 in chronic phase and 10 in accelerated phase/blast crisis). Median follow-up was 61 months (range 4-92). mRNA and DNA were used to assess bcr-abl and chimerism status respectively. Quantitative VNTR-PCR on total cells and lymphoid or myeloid population allowed us to assign and measure the origin of hematopoiesis. RESULTS Both bcr-abl positivity and the presence of mixed chimerism (MC) were significantly associated with relapse (p = 0.0009 and p < 0.0001 respectively). Relapse was observed in one of 39 patients with complete donor chimerism and in 6 of 9 patients with MC. These six cases showed increasing levels of host hemopoiesis and bcr-abl positivity in the CD15-positive population prior to relapse. The other three cases had decreasing or stable low-level MC which was restricted to the T-cells as well as bcr-abl negativity. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Whereas the simple detection of bcr-abl fails to identify patients who will relapse with certainty, the assessment of MC by VNTR-PCR does identify patients headed to relapse. Confirmation of myeloid involvement and increasing levels over time further elucidates the clinical outcome of bcr-abl positive patients after BMT.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Child
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/immunology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Recurrence
- Transplantation Chimera/genetics
- Transplantation Chimera/immunology
- Transplantation Immunology
- Transplantation, Homologous
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Affiliation(s)
- J Román
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Reina Sofía, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
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Linazasoro G, Obeso JA, Gorospe A, Rodríguez MC, Guridi J, Ramos E. Efficacy of levodopa therapy on motor function after posteroventral pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease. Neurology 2000; 54:535-6. [PMID: 10668742 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.54.2.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Blanco I, Fernández E, Rodríguez MC, Fernández A. [Allelic frequency of the gene of alpha-1-antitrypsin in the general population in a county in Asturias]. Med Clin (Barc) 1999; 113:366-70. [PMID: 10562938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe alpha-1-antitrypsin (ATT) deficiency is an inherited disorder associated with a high risk of developing pulmonary emphysema and several liver diseases. Over 90 different variants of gene which expresses AAT have been described. The commonest defective variants are Z and S. Determination of gene frequencies of abnormal variants is important to estimate the number of subjects at risk of suffering from diseases related with severe AAT deficiency in any given population. POPULATION AND METHODS In randomly selected general population, we determined the Pi phenotype to 1,116 subjects enrolled in the municipal population register from the high and middle Nalon basins. Mean age of the collective (male, 45%; female, 55%) was 46.2 (SD 29.9) years (range 4-91). AAT serum levels were determined by immunonephelometry. Pi phenotypes were determined by isoelectrofocusing in polyacrilamide gel. RESULTS The phenotypes found were: PiMM, 857 subjects (22.5%); PiMS, 202 (18.1%); PiMZ, 31 (2.8%); PiSZ, 13 (1.2%); PiZZ, 0 (0.0%); PiMF, 5 (0.4%); Piss, 4 (0.4%); PiMN, 2 (0.2%); PiMB, 1 (0.08%); and PiMV, 1 (0.08%). The allelic frequencies were: PiM, 87.6%; PiS, 9.99%; PiZ, 1.97%; PiF, 0.2%; PiN, 0.09%; PiB, = 0.04%, and PiV, 0.04%. Therefore, the ZZ homozygote prevalence is 1 in 2,557, according to the Hardy-Weinberg principle. AAT serum levels (mg/dl) were: PiMM 147.7 (29.9) (89-296); PiMS 123.8 (22.5) (range 76-222); PiMZ 93.9 (18) (60-146); PiSS 107.5 (14.5) (87-121) and PiSZ 71.2 (12.6) (55-94). CONCLUSIONS The frequency of Z allele in the analyzed population (19.7 per 1000) is one of the highest in Europe, and in the world. The allelic frequency of S allele (99.9 per 1000) is similar to others found in several regions in the Iberian Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Blanco
- Sección de Neumología, Hospital Valle del Nalón, Asturias.
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Gil EG, Rodríguez MC, Bartolomé R, Berjano B, Cabero L, Andreu A. Evaluation of the Granada agar plate for detection of vaginal and rectal group B streptococci in pregnant women. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37:2648-51. [PMID: 10405415 PMCID: PMC85303 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.8.2648-2651.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Granada medium was evaluated for the detection of group B streptococci (GBS) in vaginal and rectal swabs compared with selective Columbia blood agar and selective Lim broth. From May 1996 to March 1998, 702 pregnant women (35 to 37 weeks of gestation) participated in this three-phase study; 103 (14.7%) of these women carried GBS. In the first phase of the experiment (n = 273 women), vaginorectal specimens were collected on the same swab; the sensitivities of Granada tube, selective Columbia blood agar, and Lim broth were 31.4, 94.3, and 74.3%, respectively. In the second and third phases (n = 429 women), vaginal and rectal specimens were collected separately; the sensitivities of Granada plate, selective Columbia blood agar, and Lim broth (subcultured at 4 h on selective Columbia agar in the second phase and at 18 to 24 h in Granada plate in the third phase) were 91.1, 83.9, and 75%, respectively, in the second phase and 88.5, 90.4, and 63.5%, respectively, in the third phase. There were no statistically significant differences in GBS recovery between the Granada agar plate and selective Columbia blood agar, but the Granada plate provided a clear advantage; the characteristic red-orange colonies produced overnight by GBS can be identified by the naked eye and is so specific that further identification is unnecessary. The use of the Granada tube and Lim broth did not result in increased isolation of GBS. In conclusion, the Granada agar plate is highly sensitive for detecting GBS in vaginal and rectal swabs from pregnant women and can provide results in 18 to 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Gil
- Microbiology Service, Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Martín-Valmaseda EM, Sánchez-Yagüe J, Rodríguez MC, Gómez FP, Llanillo M. Comparison between in vitro lipid peroxidation in fresh sheep platelets and peroxidative processes during sheep platelet ageing under storage at 4 degrees C. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1419:313-24. [PMID: 10407082 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(99)00080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Incubation of sheep platelet crude membranes with xanthine oxidase (XO)/hypoxanthine/Fe(2+)-ADP revealed: (i) a fast peroxidative response - with a maximal linear rate of 14 nmol malondialdehyde (MDA) equivalents/mg protein, as evidenced by the thiobarbituric acid test - and a decrease in the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of the platelet crude membranes; (ii) a decrease in the lipid fluidity in the deep lipid core of the membranes but not at the membrane surface; (iii) a dramatic inhibitory effect on glucose 6-phosphatase (Glc-6-Pase) but not on acetylcholinesterase activity. Platelets were also aged by storage at 4 degrees C in their own plasma or in Seto additive solution. In these media, platelet aggregates were visible and the effects on platelet phospholipids, PUFA, lipid extract fluorescence, crude membrane fluidity and membrane-bound enzyme activities were assessed for comparison with those observed in in vitro lipid peroxidation. The sensitivity of membranes from stored platelets to lipid peroxidation was also assessed. Storage of platelets in plasma for 5 days was associated with different changes in their crude membranes such as decreases in arachidonic acid contents, the decrease not being avoided by the presence of phospholipase A(2) inhibitors, increases in MDA equivalents, conjugated dienes and lipid extract fluorescence, decreases in the amounts of MDA equivalents formed by platelet crude membranes treated with the oxidizing agents, changes in membrane fluidity and inhibition of Glc-6-Pase. All these alterations were less pronounced or even abolished after platelet storage in Seto. These findings suggest that platelet lipid peroxidation due to XO/hypoxanthine/Fe(2+)-ADP and platelet membrane alterations observed after platelet ageing under storage at 4 degrees C share common features. Also, as regards the prevention of peroxidative processes, Seto solution permits better storage of sheep platelets than plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Martín-Valmaseda
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental, Lab. 106, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
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Hernández-Hernández A, Llanillo M, Rodríguez MC, Gómez F, Sánchez-Yagüe J. Amphiphilic and hydrophilic nature of sheep and human platelet phosphotyrosine phosphatase forms. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1419:195-206. [PMID: 10407071 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(99)00066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To date, although at least 75 different PTPases (protein-tyrosine-phosphate-phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.48) have been identified, those detected in platelets are rather scarce. Based on previous results from our laboratory, we investigated the existence of new PTPases in platelets. Triton X-114 phase partitioning of Triton X-100-solubilized human and sheep platelet membranes allowed PTPase to be recovered in the detergent-rich (40-35%, respectively) and -poor phases (60-65%, respectively). Sedimentation analyses of both phases from the sheep species revealed hydrophilic 6S and 3.7S, and amphiphilic 7.5S and 10.3S PTPase forms. Sedimentation analyses of human platelet membrane-associated or cytosolic PTPase revealed hydrophilic 6.7S and 4.3S, and amphiphilic 5.5S and 10.8S forms, or hydrophilic 4S, 5.9S and 6.9S forms, respectively. Western blot analysis using monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) against human PTP1B, PTP1C, PTP1D and RPTPalpha (mouse anti-human PTPase MoAbs) showed that RPTPalpha was not present in platelets and that the PTP1C type and PTP1D type (but probably not the PTP1B type) were expressed in sheep species. Immunoblots also revealed that all PTPases detected were mainly membrane-associated, with similar percentages of cellular distribution in both species. All PTPases were mainly recovered in the detergent-poor phases from the Triton X-114 phase partitioning, although PTP1D from human species was also significantly present (30%) in the detergent-rich phase. Additionally, all PTPases sedimented within the same PTPase peak in sucrose gradients (sedimentation coefficients around 4S). These findings indicate that amphiphilic and hydrophilic PTPases different from PTP1B, PTP1C, PTP1D or RPTPalpha, with higher sedimentation coefficients and with higher activity when O-phosphotyrosine or a synthetic peptide phosphorylated on tyrosine were used as substrates, are present in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hernández-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental (Laboratorio 106), Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
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Rodríguez MC, Puy Sáiz M, Carbonell T, Mitjavila MT. Local and systemic responses to iron-dextran injected into a granuloma pouch in the rat. J Lab Clin Med 1999; 134:42-8. [PMID: 10402058 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2143(99)90052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Many inflammatory processes are accompanied by anemia and repeated hemorrhages, but the local and systemic effect of the iron present in the inflamed area and the availability of this iron are not known. The experimental model used to mimic the above situation was the carrageenan-induced granuloma in rats with simultaneous iron-dextran injection into the granuloma pouch. We studied the effect of iron-dextran on leukocytes from the inflammatory exudate and the location of iron in the granuloma tissue. We also evaluated the systemic responses by studying several iron parameters in blood and in iron-storage organs. The results showed a reduction in the number of leukocytes present in the exudate and a reduction in their viability and also extensive damage to the granuloma tissue, essentially to macrophages, caused by local iron-induced oxidative stress. A small percentage of iron reaches the systemic circulation, and this is eventually stored in the liver and spleen as hemosiderin, which is unlikely to have any effect on anemia. In spite of its local toxicity, the accumulation of iron in inflamed areas can be interpreted as a protective mechanism against systemic oxidative radical reactions induced by iron mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Rodríguez
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Obeso JA, Linazasoro G, Gorospe A, Rodríguez MC, Guridi J, Ramos E. [Pathophysiological bases, clinical results and indications for surgical treatment in Parkinson disease]. Neurologia 1999; 14 Suppl 1:54-71. [PMID: 10377730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the present status of surgery for Parkinson's disease. Surgical options for Parkinson's disease are rapidly spanding. The main objectives of surgical techniques are to restore the dopaminergic deficit in the striatum (transplantation) and to normalize the neuronal activity of the subthalamic-pallidal circuit (pallidotomy and deep brain stimulation). Whereas cell transplantation is still considered an experimental procedure, ablative procedures and deep brain stimulation are widely used. Both types of surgical procedures are supported by strong scientific data. However, much work remains to be done in order to understand several aspects not clearly elucidated at present. The results and current indications for pallidotomy and deep brain stimulation are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Obeso
- Centro de Neurología y Neurocirugía funcional, Clínica Quirón, San Sebastián.
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Abstract
A new cryptic plasmid, pRS1, from an Oenococcus oeni strain isolated from Spanish wines is reported. Nucleotide sequence analysis (2523 bp) revealed the presence of three major open reading frames (ORFs) whose nucleotide sequence and encoded proteins exhibit high homology with those of pOg32, a previously described plasmid of O. oeni. Common features in other plasmids from O. oeni (i.e., pLo13 and pOg32) have been found in pRS1. They have three major ORFs in the same strand; the putative encoded proteins by two of these ORFs exhibit homology with the replication (Rep) and the recombination (Pre) proteins, respectively, of the pT181 plasmid family and related gram-positive bacteria plasmids; these plasmids contain the DNA sequences required for plasmid replication by the rolling circle mechanism and for recombination (i.e., double-strand origin, DSO; single-strand origin, SSO; recombination-specific sites, RSA and RSB); and finally, all these plasmids have a third ORF of unknown function. These features suggest that pRS1 could constitute together with pLo13 and pOg32 a family of small cryptic plasmids of O. oeni.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Alegre
- Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, 27002, Spain
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De Bedout C, Ordóñez N, Gómez BL, Rodríguez MC, Arango M, Restrepo A, Castañeda E. In vitro antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans and C. neoformans var. gattii. Rev Iberoam Micol 1999; 16:36-39. [PMID: 18473590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the differences observed between the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformansis the greater difficulty to achieve an adequate therapeutical response in patients affected by C. neoformans var. gattii, an observation that has been validated in vitro only rarely. The aim of this work was to study the susceptibility patterns of 35 Colombian clinical isolates of C. neoformans, 20 of which belonged to the var. neoformans and 15 to the var. gattii. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution, according to a modification of the methodology proposed by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), using the breakpoints recently suggested by Nguyen et al. (Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 471-472). The antifungals tested were amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole. Most of the isolates were susceptible to the three antimycotics tested regardless of the variety. Resistance to amphotericin B (MIC=2 microg/ml) was documented in two (10%) C. neoformans var. neoformans isolates; additionally, five (33%) C. neoformans var. gattii isolates felt in the category of fluconazole susceptible but dose dependent (MIC 16 microg/ml). In general, all C. neoformans var. gattii isolates proved susceptible only to the higher concentrations of the antifungals tested. For amphotericin B, seven (47%) isolates of this variety had MICs of 1 microg/ml, for fluconazole there were seven (47%) with MICs of 8 microg/ml and in the case of itraconazole, 10 isolates (66%) had MICs > 0.03 microg/ml. The data showed that although these isolates would be classified as susceptible, they actually require greater concentrations of the antifungals to be inhibited. This finding may well correlate both with the difficulty to attain therapeutic success in patients affected with C. neoformans var. gattii and with the need for more prolonged treatment courses in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C De Bedout
- Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, CIB, Medellín, Colombia
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Linazasoro G, Gorospe A, Rodríguez MC, Guridi J, Ramos E, Mozo A, Obeso JA. [Pallidotomy in the treatment of complicated Parkinson's disease: clinical results at two years and analysis of prognostic factors]. Neurologia 1999; 14:53-61. [PMID: 10100420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a renewed interest in pallidotomy as a treatment for complicated Parkinson's disease (PD). AIM To present the clinical results as well as the analysis of prognostic factors obtained in 28 patients with PD and motor complications submitted to pallidotomy and followed by one year (n = 28) and 2 years (n = 12). RESULTS The total motor score (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS]) in the off state improved by 33 and 23% at one and two years, respectively (p < 0.01). All the cardinal signs of the disease were significantly improved (p < 0.01): tremor (92%), rigidity (67%), bradykinesia (46%) and axial symptoms (21%). A slight tendency to worsening in axial symptoms was observed. Dyskinesias disappeared in all but one patient. The Schawb & England Scale in off was improved by 21%. No improvement in the non-operated side was observed. The subgroup of patients with an improvement of less than 30% in the UPDRS was older than the one with larger clinical benefit. The observed tendency to worsening in the total motor score was related mainly to the progression of the symptoms in the non-operated side. Complications were mild and transient. CONCLUSIONS Pallidotomy is a relatively safe and effective therapeutic option for complicated PD patients. An adequate selection of patients is necessary, since efficacy is partial and limited to one hemibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Linazasoro
- Centro de Neurología y Neurocirugía funcional, Clínica Quirón, San Sebastián.
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Linazasoro G, Gorospe A, Rodríguez MC, Obeso JA. Alleviation of sulpiride induced tardive akathisia by olanzapine: case report. Neurologia 1998; 13:441-2. [PMID: 9883021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Abstract
Tobacco use poses one of the greatest health problems at school. Its prevention through health education should be assumed up by all members of the school community and health personnel (especially family and respiratory physicians). We designed an anti-tobacco program lasting three years aimed at all the students of the 6th, 7th and 8th grades at school as well as those in the pre-university years that was implemented in a rural area. This study reports the results of the attitudes of the 610 students (256 boys and 354 girls, between 11 and 20 years old) collected at the end of the program. 59.4% of the boys and 44.1% of the girls reported having smoked on some occasion. The mean age at the time of the first contact with tobacco was 11.8 +/- 2.4 years, this being significantly different between the boys and the girls. The main reasons for starting to smoke tobacco were quoted as peer pressure (57.1%) and curiosity (55.5%). That their parents smoked was only adduced as a reason by 29.5% of the students. Knowledge of the harmful effects of tobacco was limited and only 57% related tobacco smoking to lung cancer and only 41% to coronary pathology. At the end of the program 13.6% of the students involved smoked. 93.9% of those who quit smoking related this event to the program. Of those still smoking, 63.6% said they would like to quit. This justifies the need to reinforce the knowledge that will allow them to switch attitudes and stop smoking. Intervention programs in school populations have proved to be useful in the struggle to decrease smoking among school children. If an adolescent can avoid smoking it is likely that s/he will not smoke in adulthood. It is necessary to further develop this type of anti-tobacco program as reflected in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barrueco
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Salamanca y Centro de Salud de Vitigudino, Salamanca.
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Linazasoro G, Guridi J, Vela L, Gorospe A, Rodríguez MC, Aguilar M, Ramos E, Tolosa E, Obeso JA. [Stereotactic surgery in Parkinson's disease]. Neurologia 1997; 12:343-53. [PMID: 9471164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic surgery for Parkinson's disease (PD) has regained interest due to the recently described hyperactivity of the subthalamic-pallidal pathway. Many patients suffering from complications associated with the chronic use of levodopa may benefit from surgical treatments. There are different surgical targets and techniques (ablative and deep brain stimulation). The choice of one particular target and technique relies on the clinical symptoms of the patient. The risk/benefit ratio of surgery is related to the careful selection of patients and the technical accuracy. Intraoperative microrecording is considered the best method to avoid side effects and partial results. A series of patient's selection and follow-up assessment criteria are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Linazasoro
- Centro de Neurología y Neurocirugía Funcional, Clínica Quirón, San Sebastián
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Abstract
To study carboxyhemoglobin levels (HbCO) associated with use of different types of home heating and to evaluate the usefulness of measuring hemoglobin oxygen saturation. Nonsmoking patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency who were initially prescribed home oxygen therapy were enrolled in the study. One hundred four patients were studied in winter and summer (when heating was not used). The control group consisted of 92 hospitalized patients not exposed to carbon monoxide. Of the 104 patients 74.1% were men. Mean age was 72.33 (range 17 to 97 years) and 57.9% lived in rural areas. Mean HbCO in the control group was 1.53 +/- 0.96% (p = 0.01). Among the 39% who burned slack coal for heat, the mean HbCO was 4.63 +/- 2.87%. The 23.7% with central heating had HbCO levels of 2.15 +/- 0.87% (p < 0.0001). Pulse oximetry (SpO2) estimated higher hemoglobin oxygen than direct measurement (SaO2): 87.12 +/- 6% and 83.3 +/- 8%, respectively (p < 0.001). High HbCO concentrations are related to chronic exposure to slack coal fumes. Pulse oximetry, as opposed to SaO2, overestimates hemoglobin oxygen saturation in such cases.
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