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Zmozinski AV, S Peres R, Macedo AJ, Mendes Becker E, Pasinato Napp A, Schneider R, Reisdörfer Silveira J, Ferreira CA, H Vainstein M, Schrank A. Silicone-geranium essential oil blend for long-term antifouling coatings. Biofouling 2024; 40:209-222. [PMID: 38500010 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2328611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the potential of geranium essential oil as a natural solution for combating marine biofouling, addressing the environmental concerns associated with commercial antifouling coatings. Compounds with bactericidal activities were identified by 13Carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed minimal impact on film thermal stability, maintaining suitability for antifouling applications. The addition of essential oil induced changes in the morphology of the film and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicated that oil remained within the film. Optical microscopy showed an increase in coating porosity after immersion in a marine environment. A total of 18 bacterial colonies were isolated, with Psychrobacter adeliensis and Shewanella algidipiscicola being the predominant biofilm-forming species. The geranium essential oil-based coating demonstrated the ability to reduce the formation of Psychrobacter adeliensis biofilms and effectively inhibit macrofouling adhesion for a duration of 11 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane V Zmozinski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Rafael S Peres
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul - IFRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre José Macedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Emilene Mendes Becker
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pasinato Napp
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Rafael Schneider
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Jade Reisdörfer Silveira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul - IFRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos Arthur Ferreira
- LAPOL/PPGE3M - Laboratório de Materiais Poliméricos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
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2
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Santi L, Berger M, Guimarães JA, Calegari-Alves YP, Vainstein MH, Yates JR, Beys-da-Silva WO. Proteomic profile of Cryptococcus gattii biofilm: Metabolic shift and the potential activation of electron chain transport. J Proteomics 2024; 290:105022. [PMID: 37838096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Cryptococcus gattii is a primary pathogenic fungus that causes pneumonia. This species is also responsible for an outbreak in Vancouver, Canada, and spreading to the mainland and United States. The use of medical devices is often complicated by infections with biofilm-forming microbes with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and host defense mechanisms. This study investigated the comparative proteome of C. gattii R265 (VGIIa) grown under planktonic and biofilm conditions. A brief comparison with C. neoformans H99 biofilm and the use of different culture medium and surface were also evaluated. Using Multidimensional Protein Identification Technology (MudPIT), 1819 proteins were identified for both conditions, where 150 (8.2%) were considered differentially regulated (up- or down-regulated and unique in biofilm cells). Overall, the proteomic approach suggests that C. gattii R265 biofilm cells are maintained by the induction of electron transport chain for reoxidation, and by alternative energy metabolites, such as succinate and acetate. SIGNIFICANCE: Since C. gattii is considered a primary pathogen and is one of the most virulent and less susceptible to antifungals, understanding how biofilms are maintained is fundamental to search for new targets to control this important mode of growth that is difficult to eradicate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucélia Santi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Center of Experimental Research, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Markus Berger
- Center of Experimental Research, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Tick-Pathogen Transmission Unit, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT, United States
| | - Jorge A Guimarães
- Center of Experimental Research, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Yohana Porto Calegari-Alves
- Post-Graduation Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Post-Graduation Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Walter O Beys-da-Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Center of Experimental Research, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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3
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Pippi B, Loreto ES, Merkel S, Joaquim AR, Krummenauer ME, Reginatto P, Vainstein MH, Andrade SF, Fuentefria AM, Santurio JM, Zanette RA. Pythium insidiosum: insights into biofilm formation and antibiofilm activity of antifungal drugs. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2603-2607. [PMID: 37702922 PMCID: PMC10689302 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the ability of Pythium insidiosum to form biofilms across various substrates and the antibiofilm efficacy of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives (8-HQs). Biofilms of P. insidiosum were cultured on polystyrene plates, contact lenses, and horsehair. We provide the first evidence of P. insidiosum's biofilm-forming capability, thus considerably expanding our understanding of its transmission and pathogenesis. Our results demonstrate that 8-HQs effectively inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate pre-existing biofilms, underscoring their potential as a novel treatment strategy for pythiosis, a disease currently lacking a gold-standard treatment. This finding has particular relevance for ocular pythiosis associated with contact lens usage and potential infection sources in animals. Our results contribute to the scientific knowledge base and directly impact innovative therapeutic interventions' development.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pippi
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - E S Loreto
- Sobresp Faculty of Health Sciences, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - S Merkel
- Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - A R Joaquim
- Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - M E Krummenauer
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - P Reginatto
- Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - M H Vainstein
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - S F Andrade
- Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - A M Fuentefria
- Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J M Santurio
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - R A Zanette
- Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
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4
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Pippi B, Zanette RA, Joaquim AR, Krummenauer ME, Merkel S, Reginatto P, Vainstein MH, Andrade SF, Fuentefria AM, Tondolo JSM, Loreto ÉS, Santurio JM. Clioquinol and 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonamide derivatives damage the cell wall of Pythium insidiosum. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 134:lxac038. [PMID: 36626785 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the antimicrobial activity and to determine the pharmacodynamic characteristics of three 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives (8-HQs) against Pythium insidiosum, the causative agent of pythiosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Antimicrobial activity was tested by broth microdilution and MTT assays. The antimicrobial mode of action was investigated using sorbitol protection assay, ergosterol binding assay, and scanning electron microscopy. Clioquinol, PH151, and PH153 were active against all isolates, with MIC values ranging from 0.25 to 2 µg ml-1. They also showed a time- and dose-dependent antimicrobial effect, damaging the P. insidiosum cell wall. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results reinforce the potential of 8-HQs for developing new drugs to treat pythiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Pippi
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Régis A Zanette
- Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica R Joaquim
- Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria E Krummenauer
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Merkel
- Graduation Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Reginatto
- Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Saulo F Andrade
- Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Graduation Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M Fuentefria
- Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Graduation Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana S M Tondolo
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Érico S Loreto
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Janio M Santurio
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
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5
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Piffer AC, Santos FMD, Thomé MP, Diehl C, Garcia AWA, Kinskovski UP, Schneider RDO, Gerber A, Feltes BC, Schrank A, Vasconcelos ATR, Lenz G, Kmetzsch L, Vainstein MH, Staats CC. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that mTOR pathway can be modulated in macrophage cells by the presence of cryptococcal cells. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20200390. [PMID: 34352067 PMCID: PMC8341293 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are the etiological agents of cryptococcosis, a high mortality disease. The development of such disease depends on the interaction of fungal cells with macrophages, in which they can reside and replicate. In order to dissect the molecular mechanisms by which cryptococcal cells modulate the activity of macrophages, a genome-scale comparative analysis of transcriptional changes in macrophages exposed to Cryptococcus spp. was conducted. Altered expression of nearly 40 genes was detected in macrophages exposed to cryptococcal cells. The major processes were associated with the mTOR pathway, whose associated genes exhibited decreased expression in macrophages incubated with cryptococcal cells. Phosphorylation of p70S6K and GSK-3β was also decreased in macrophages incubated with fungal cells. In this way, Cryptococci presence could drive the modulation of mTOR pathway in macrophages possibly to increase the survival of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alícia C Piffer
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Francine M Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos P Thomé
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Diehl
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ane Wichine Acosta Garcia
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Uriel Perin Kinskovski
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael de Oliveira Schneider
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Gerber
- Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruno César Feltes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Informática, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Guido Lenz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lívia Kmetzsch
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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6
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Bazana LCG, Carvalho ÂR, Silveira GP, S. de Oliveira LF, Teixeira ML, Lopes W, Vainstein MH, Barbosa FAR, Russo TVC, Sá MM, Canto RFS, Fuentefria AM. Allylic Selenocyanates as Antifungal Agents Against Pathogenic
Candida
Species. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luana C. G. Bazana
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Micologia Aplicada Faculdade de Farmácia-Anexo 2, UFRGS Rua São Luis 154 90470440 Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Ânderson R. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Micologia Aplicada Faculdade de Farmácia-Anexo 2, UFRGS Rua São Luis 154 90470440 Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Gustavo P. Silveira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica Instituto de Química, UFRGS Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500 90650-001 Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | - Mário L. Teixeira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia IFC SC 283 -Km 8 89700-000 Concordia Brazil
| | - William Lopes
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia UFRGS Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500 91501-970 Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Marilene H. Vainstein
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia UFRGS Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500 91501-970 Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Flavio A. R. Barbosa
- Departamento de Química, UFSC Rua Engenheiro Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira 88040-900 Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Theo V. C. Russo
- Departamento de Química, UFSC Rua Engenheiro Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira 88040-900 Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Marcus M. Sá
- Departamento de Química, UFSC Rua Engenheiro Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira 88040-900 Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Rômulo F. S. Canto
- Departamento de Farmacociências UFCSPA Rua Sarmento Leite 287 90050-170 Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Alexandre M. Fuentefria
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Micologia Aplicada Faculdade de Farmácia-Anexo 2, UFRGS Rua São Luis 154 90470440 Porto Alegre Brazil
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7
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Araújo WJ, Oliveira JS, Araújo SCS, Minnicelli CF, Silva-Portela RCB, da Fonseca MMB, Freitas JF, Silva-Barbalho KK, Napp AP, Pereira JES, Peralba MCR, Passaglia LMP, Vainstein MH, Agnez-Lima LF. Microbial Culture in Minimal Medium With Oil Favors Enrichment of Biosurfactant Producing Genes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:962. [PMID: 32850771 PMCID: PMC7431673 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The waste produced by petrochemical industries has a significant environmental impact. Biotechnological approaches offer promising alternatives for waste treatment in a sustainable and environment-friendly manner. Microbial consortia potentially clean up the wastes through degradation of hydrocarbons using biosurfactants as adjuvants. In this work, microbial consortia were obtained from a production water (PW) sample from a Brazilian oil reservoir using enrichment and selection approaches in the presence of oil as carbon source. A consortium was obtained using Bushnell-Haas (BH) mineral medium with petroleum. In parallel, another consortium was obtained in yeast extract peptone dextrose (YPD)-rich medium and was subsequently compared to the BH mineral medium with petroleum. Metagenomic sequencing of these microbial communities showed that the BH consortium was less diverse and predominantly composed of Brevibacillus genus members, while the YPD consortium was taxonomically more diverse. Functional annotation revealed that the BH consortium was enriched with genes involved in biosurfactant synthesis, while the YPD consortium presented higher abundance of hydrocarbon degradation genes. The comparison of these two consortia against consortia available in public databases confirmed the enrichment of biosurfactant genes in the BH consortium. Functional assays showed that the BH consortium exhibits high cellular hydrophobicity and formation of stable emulsions, suggesting that oil uptake by microorganisms might be favored by biosurfactants. In contrast, the YPD consortium was more efficient than the BH consortium in reducing interfacial tension. Despite the genetic differences between the consortia, analysis by a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector showed few significant differences regarding the hydrocarbon degradation rates. Specifically, the YPD consortium presented higher degradation rates of C12 to C14 alkanes, while the BH consortium showed a significant increase in the degradation of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These data suggest that the enrichment of biosurfactant genes in the BH consortium could promote efficient hydrocarbon degradation, despite its lower taxonomical diversity compared to the consortium enriched in YPD medium. Together, these results showed that cultivation in a minimal medium supplemented with oil was an efficient strategy in selecting biosurfactant-producing microorganisms and highlighted the biotechnological potential of these bacterial consortia in waste treatment and bioremediation of impacted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Araújo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazi
| | - J S Oliveira
- INESC-ID/IST - Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores/Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - S C S Araújo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazi
| | - C F Minnicelli
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazi
| | - R C B Silva-Portela
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazi
| | - M M B da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazi
| | - J F Freitas
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazi
| | - K K Silva-Barbalho
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazi
| | - A P Napp
- Laboratório de Fungos de Importância Médica e Biotecnológica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - J E S Pereira
- Laboratório de Fungos de Importância Médica e Biotecnológica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - M C R Peralba
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - L M P Passaglia
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociência, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - M H Vainstein
- Laboratório de Fungos de Importância Médica e Biotecnológica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - L F Agnez-Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazi
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8
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Santi L, Beys-da-Silva WO, Berger M, Yates JR, Brandelli A, Vainstein MH. Penicillium oxalicum secretomic analysis identify plant cell wall degrading enzymes important for fruit juice extraction. J Food Sci Technol 2020; 58:1764-1775. [PMID: 33897014 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pectinases and other carbohydrate-active enzymes are important for the food industry, mainly for juice processing. In addition, the use of peels to produce enzymes can aggregate value to these agro-industrial residues and at the end of the process enhance qualitatively and quantitatively the juice production. In this work, three different extracts produced by Penicillium oxalicum LS09 using agro-industrial residues were optimized and analyzed by mass spectrometry. It was observed an increased production of pectinases in the medium containing orange peel and optimized for production of pectin lyase and pectinesterase (PE). Interestingly, not only pectinases, but also different plant cell wall degrading enzymes (i.e. glucanases, xylanases, arabinases), with a higher ratio (42/73) was identified in the medium optimized for PE. The crude extracts produced by P. oxalicum also reveal the potential for application in the fruit juice industry, showing an increased yield and qualitative characteristics of extracted juices. The presence of other cell wall-degrading enzymes identified by proteomics, reinforce the combination for obtaining clarified and depectinized juice in a single step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucélia Santi
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul., Av. Ipiranga, 2752, suit 508, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000 Brazil
| | - Walter O Beys-da-Silva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul., Av. Ipiranga, 2752, suit 508, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000 Brazil
| | - Markus Berger
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre., Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research., La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
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9
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Bresciani FR, Santi L, Beys-da-Silva WO, Berger M, Barcellos VDA, Schripsema J, von Poser GL, Guimarães JA, Vainstein MH. Antifungal activity of Allamanda polyantha seed extract and its iridoids promote morphological alterations in Cryptococcus spp. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000133. [PMID: 32638423 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcosis, caused by Cryptococcus spp., is an invasive fungal infection of the central nervous system, associated with high mortality, affecting mainly immunocompromised patients. Due to the development of resistance to the current therapy, there is an urgent need for less toxic and more effective antifungal agents. In this study, we describe the antifungal activity against Cryptococcus spp. of an aqueous seed extract from Allamanda polyantha (ASEAP) and two iridoids, plumieride and plumieridine, isolated from this extract with an antifungal activity. The capsule formation and the morphological alterations were evaluated using fluorescent microscopy. The cytotoxic activity was also investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of ASEAP for Cryptococcus gattii were 70 and 36 µg/ml (for the R265 and R272 strains, respectively) and 563 µg/ml for Cryptococcus neoformans H99. ASEAP inhibited C. neoformans H99 capsule formation, an important virulence factor, and decreased the cell body size for both the C. gattii strains. H99 cells also presented morphological alterations, with defects in bud detachment and nuclear fragmentation. Plumieride and plumieridine presented higher MIC values than ASEAP, indicating that other compounds might contribute to antifungal activity and/or that combination of the compounds results in a higher antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda R Bresciani
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Santi
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Walter O Beys-da-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Markus Berger
- Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de A Barcellos
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jan Schripsema
- Metabolomics Group, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilsane L von Poser
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jorge A Guimarães
- Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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10
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Araújo SCDS, Silva-Portela RCB, de Lima DC, da Fonsêca MMB, Araújo WJ, da Silva UB, Napp AP, Pereira E, Vainstein MH, Agnez-Lima LF. MBSP1: a biosurfactant protein derived from a metagenomic library with activity in oil degradation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1340. [PMID: 31992807 PMCID: PMC6987170 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms represent the most abundant biomass on the planet; however, because of several cultivation technique limitations, most of this genetic patrimony has been inaccessible. Due to the advent of metagenomic methodologies, such limitations have been overcome. Prevailing over these limitations enabled the genetic pool of non-cultivable microorganisms to be exploited for improvements in the development of biotechnological products. By utilising a metagenomic approach, we identified a new gene related to biosurfactant production and hydrocarbon degradation. Environmental DNA was extracted from soil samples collected on the banks of the Jundiaí River (Natal, Brazil), and a metagenomic library was constructed. Functional screening identified the clone 3C6, which was positive for the biosurfactant protein and revealed an open reading frame (ORF) with high similarity to sequences encoding a hypothetical protein from species of the family Halobacteriaceae. This protein was purified and exhibited biosurfactant activity. Due to these properties, this protein was named metagenomic biosurfactant protein 1 (MBSP1). In addition, E. coli RosettaTM (DE3) strain cells transformed with the MBSP1 clone showed an increase in aliphatic hydrocarbon degradation. In this study, we described a single gene encoding a protein with marked tensoactive properties that can be produced in a host cell, such as Escherichia coli, without substrate dependence. Furthermore, MBSP1 has been demonstrated as the first protein with these characteristics described in the Archaea or Bacteria domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinara Carla da Silva Araújo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Rita C B Silva-Portela
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Daniel Chaves de Lima
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Wydemberg J Araújo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Uaska Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Amanda P Napp
- Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Evandro Pereira
- Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucymara Fassarella Agnez-Lima
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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11
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Krummenauer ME, Lopes W, Garcia AWA, Schrank A, Gnoatto SCB, Kawano DF, Vainstein MH. A Highly Active Triterpene Derivative Capable |of Biofilm Damage to Control Cryptococcus spp. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E831. [PMID: 31817559 PMCID: PMC6995603 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast responsible for more than 180,000 deaths per year. The standard therapeutic approach against cryptococcosis is a combination of amphotericin B with flucytosine. In countries where cryptococcosis is most prevalent, 5-fluorocytosine is rarely available, and amphotericin B requires intravenous administration. C. neoformans biofilm formation is related to increased drug resistance, which is an important outcome for hospitalized patients. Here, we describe new molecules with anti-cryptococcal activity. A collection of 66 semisynthetic derivatives of ursolic acid and betulinic acid was tested against mature biofilms of C. neoformans at 25 µM. Out of these, eight derivatives including terpenes, benzazoles, flavonoids, and quinolines were able to cause damage and eradicate mature biofilms. Four terpene compounds demonstrated significative growth inhibition of C. neoformans. Our study identified a pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from betulinic acid (LAFIS13) as a potential drug for anti-cryptococcal treatment. This compound appears to be highly active with low toxicity at minimal inhibitory concentration and capable of biofilm eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Krummenauer
- Centro de Biotecnologia, PPGBCM, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil; (M.E.K.); (W.L.); (A.W.A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - William Lopes
- Centro de Biotecnologia, PPGBCM, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil; (M.E.K.); (W.L.); (A.W.A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Ane W. A. Garcia
- Centro de Biotecnologia, PPGBCM, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil; (M.E.K.); (W.L.); (A.W.A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Centro de Biotecnologia, PPGBCM, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil; (M.E.K.); (W.L.); (A.W.A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Simone C. B. Gnoatto
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil;
| | - Daniel F. Kawano
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-871, Brazil;
| | - Marilene H. Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, PPGBCM, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil; (M.E.K.); (W.L.); (A.W.A.G.); (A.S.)
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12
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Beys-da-Silva WO, Rosa RL, Berger M, Coutinho-Rodrigues CJB, Vainstein MH, Schrank A, Bittencourt VREP, Santi L. Updating the application of Metarhizium anisopliae to control cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). Exp Parasitol 2019; 208:107812. [PMID: 31809704 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The bovine tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, is the main ectoparasite of cattle and causes loss of billions of dollars worldwide in lost meat, milk, and leather production, as well as control expenses. In addition to systemically impacting the host during the parasitic act, this parasite is also an important disease vector. Traditionally, the main commercial control of the tick is achieved through application of chemical acaricides, which can leave residues in the meat and milk. Moreover, ticks can become resistant to these chemicals due to their massive and incorrect use. Many alternative methods have been tested including vaccines and natural products from plant origin. However, the efficacy of these treatments is variable and limited, especially when used alone. Arthropod-pathogenic fungi, such as Metarhizium anisopliae, are among the natural microbial agents with promising potential to be used alone or in association with other products, for example with chemical acaricides. This article discusses several aspects of bovine tick control related to the use of M. anisopliae, which is one of the most studied and viable alternative tools for effective tick control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter O Beys-da-Silva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Rafael L Rosa
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Markus Berger
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caio J B Coutinho-Rodrigues
- Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Augusto Schrank
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vânia R E P Bittencourt
- Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Santi
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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13
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Rosa RL, Berger M, Santi L, Driemeier D, Barros Terraciano P, Campos AR, Guimarães JA, Vainstein MH, Yates JR, Beys-da-Silva WO. Proteomics of Rat Lungs Infected by Cryptococcus gattii Reveals a Potential Warburg-like Effect. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3885-3895. [PMID: 31502459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcus gattii is the causative agent of cryptococcosis infection that can lead to pneumonia and meningitis in immunocompetent individuals. The molecular basis of the pathogenic process and impact on the host biochemistry are poorly understood and remain largely unknown. In this context, a comparative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the response of the host during an infection caused by C. gattii. Lungs of experimentally infected rats were analyzed by shotgun proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins induced by C. gattii clinical strain. The proteomic results were characterized using bioinformatic tools, and subsequently, the molecular findings were validated in cell culture and lungs of infected animals. A dramatic change was observed in protein expression triggered by C. gattii infection, especially related to energy metabolism. The main pathways affected include aerobic glycolysis cycle, TCA cycle, and pyrimidine and purine metabolism. Analyses in human lung fibroblast cells confirmed the altered metabolic status found in infected lungs. Thus, it is clear that C. gattii infection triggers important changes in energy metabolism leading to the activation of glycolysis and lactate accumulation in lung cells, culminating in a cancerlike metabolic status known as the Warburg effect. The results presented here provide important insights to better understand C. gattii molecular pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael L Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90040-060 , Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90035-007 , Brazil.,Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90610-000 , Brazil
| | - Markus Berger
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90035-007 , Brazil
| | - Lucélia Santi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90040-060 , Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90035-007 , Brazil.,Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90610-000 , Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 91540-000 , Brazil
| | - Paula Barros Terraciano
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90035-007 , Brazil
| | - Alexandre R Campos
- Proteomics Core , Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Jorge A Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90040-060 , Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90035-007 , Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90040-060 , Brazil
| | - John R Yates
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience , The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Walter O Beys-da-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90040-060 , Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90035-007 , Brazil.,Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , RS 90610-000 , Brazil
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14
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Dalla Lana DF, Carvalho ÂR, Lopes W, Vainstein MH, Guimarães LSP, Teixeira ML, de Oliveira LFS, Machado MM, de Andrade SF, Sá MM, Russo TVC, Silveira GP, Fuentefria AM. Structure-based design of δ-lactones for new antifungal drug development: susceptibility, mechanism of action, and toxicity. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 64:509-519. [PMID: 30734157 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-00675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Dermatophytes are the etiological agents of cutaneous mycoses, including the prevalent nail infections and athlete's foot. Candida spp. are opportunistic and emerging pathogens, causing superficial to deeper infections related to high mortality rates. As a consequence of prolonged application of antifungal drugs, the treatment failures combined with multidrug-resistance have become a serious problem in clinical practice. Therefore, novel alternative antifungals are required urgently. δ-Lactones have attracted great interest owing to their wide range of biological activity. This article describes the antifungal activity of synthetic δ-lactones against yeasts of the genus Candida spp. and dermatophytes (through the broth microdilution method), discusses the pathways by which the compounds exert this action (toward the fungal cell wall and/or membrane), and evaluates the toxicity to human leukocytes and chorioallantoic membrane (by the hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane). Two of the compounds in the series presented broader spectrum of antifungal activity, including against resistant fungal species. The mechanism of action was related to damage in the fungal cell wall and membrane, with specific target action dependent on the type of substituent present in the δ-lactone structure. The damage in the fungal cell was corroborated by electron microscopy images, which evidenced lysed and completely altered cells after in vitro treatment with δ-lactones. Toxicity was dose dependent for the viability of human leukocytes, but none of the compounds was mutagenic, genotoxic, or membrane irritant when evaluated at higher concentrations than MIC. In this way, δ-lactones constitute a class with excellent perspectives regarding their potential applications as antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane F Dalla Lana
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ânderson R Carvalho
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - William Lopes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano S P Guimarães
- Biostatistics Unit, Research Group and Post-graduation, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mário L Teixeira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Concordia, SC, Brazil
| | - Luis F S de Oliveira
- Center for Studies in Biochemistry, Immunology, and Toxicology, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Michel M Machado
- Center for Studies in Biochemistry, Immunology, and Toxicology, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Saulo F de Andrade
- Department of Raw Materials Production, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcus M Sá
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Theo V C Russo
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo P Silveira
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M Fuentefria
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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15
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Zimbres ACG, Reuwsaat JCV, Barcellos VA, Joffe LS, Fonseca FL, Staats CC, Schrank A, Kmetzsch L, Vainstein MH, Rodrigues ML. Pharmacological inhibition of pigmentation inCryptococcus. FEMS Yeast Res 2018; 19:5173039. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Claudia G Zimbres
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Julia C V Reuwsaat
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A Barcellos
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Luna S Joffe
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Fernanda L Fonseca
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Marcio L Rodrigues
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation (LabReg), Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Curitiba, PR 81310-020, Brazil
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16
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Dalla Lana DF, Giuliani LM, Reolon JB, Lopes W, Vainstein MH, Danielli LJ, Bergamo VZ, Pippi B, Apel MA, Teixeira ML, de Oliveira LFS, Machado MM, de Andrade SF, Sá MM, Ferreira M, Munaretto LS, Cruz L, Silveira GP, Elayne E, Fuentefria AM. Nanoemulsion Improves the Antifungal Activity of Allylic Thiocyanates against Yeasts and Filamentous Pathogenic Fungi. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane F. Dalla Lana
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology; Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Laura M. Giuliani
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS; Brazil
| | - Jéssica B. Reolon
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS; Brazil
| | - William Lopes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Marilene H. Vainstein
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Letícia J. Danielli
- Department of Raw Materials Production; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Vanessa Z. Bergamo
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology; Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Bruna Pippi
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology; Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Miriam A. Apel
- Department of Raw Materials Production; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Mário L. Teixeira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology; Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Concordia, SC; Brazil
| | - Luis F. S. de Oliveira
- Center for Studies in Biochemistry; Immunology and Toxicology; Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS; Brazil
| | - Michel M. Machado
- Center for Studies in Biochemistry; Immunology and Toxicology; Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS; Brazil
| | - Saulo F. de Andrade
- Department of Raw Materials Production; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Marcus M. Sá
- Department of Chemistry; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC; Brazil
| | - Misael Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC; Brazil
| | - Laiéli S. Munaretto
- Department of Chemistry; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC; Brazil
| | - Letícia Cruz
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS; Brazil
| | - Gustavo P. Silveira
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Edilma Elayne
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
| | - Alexandre M. Fuentefria
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology; Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS; Brazil
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17
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Napp AP, Pereira JES, Oliveira JS, Silva-Portela RCB, Agnez-Lima LF, Peralba MCR, Bento FM, Passaglia LMP, Thompson CE, Vainstein MH. Comparative metagenomics reveals different hydrocarbon degradative abilities from enriched oil-drilling waste. Chemosphere 2018; 209:7-16. [PMID: 29908430 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The oil drilling process generates large volumes of waste with inadequate treatments. Here, oil drilling waste (ODW) microbial communities demonstrate different hydrocarbon degradative abilities when exposed to distinct nutrient enrichments as revealed by comparative metagenomics. The ODW was enriched in Luria Broth (LBE) and Potato Dextrose (PDE) media to examine the structure and functional variations of microbial consortia. Two metagenomes were sequenced on Ion Torrent platform and analyzed using MG-RAST. The STAMP software was used to analyze statistically significant differences amongst different attributes of metagenomes. The microbial diversity presented in the different enrichments was distinct and heterogeneous. The metabolic pathways and enzymes were mainly related to the aerobic hydrocarbons degradation. Moreover, our results showed efficient biodegradation after 15 days of treatment for aliphatic hydrocarbons (C8-C33) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with a total of about 50.5% and 46.4% for LBE and 44.6% and 37.9% for PDE, respectively. The results obtained suggest the idea that the enzymatic apparatus have the potential to degrade petroleum compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P Napp
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-070, Brazil.
| | - José Evandro S Pereira
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-070, Brazil.
| | - Jorge S Oliveira
- INESC-ID/IST-Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores/Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1000-029, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Rita C B Silva-Portela
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Lucymara F Agnez-Lima
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Maria C R Peralba
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91500-970, Brazil.
| | - Fátima M Bento
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Luciane M P Passaglia
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91500-970, Brazil.
| | - Claudia E Thompson
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-070, Brazil; Departamento de Farmacociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-070, Brazil.
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18
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Danielli LJ, Pippi B, Duarte JA, Maciel AJ, Lopes W, Machado MM, Oliveira LFS, Vainstein MH, Teixeira ML, Bordignon SAL, Fuentefria AM, Apel MA. Antifungal mechanism of action of Schinus lentiscifolius Marchand essential oil and its synergistic effect in vitro with terbinafine and ciclopirox against dermatophytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 70:1216-1227. [PMID: 29956331 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal, antichemotactic and antioxidant activities of Schinus lentiscifolius essential oil, as well as its combined effect with terbinafine and ciclopirox, against dermatophytes. METHODS Essential oil was analysed by GC-MS. The antifungal activity and the mechanism of action were determined by broth microdilution, sorbitol and ergosterol assays, as well as scanning electron microscopy. The checkerboard method was used for evaluating the interactions with commercial antifungal agents. The antioxidant and antichemotactic activities were measured using the DPPH and the modified Boyden chamber methods, respectively. KEY FINDINGS Chemical analysis revealed the presence of 33 compounds, the primary ones being γ-eudesmol (12.8%) and elemol (10.5%). The oil exhibited 97.4% of antichemotactic activity and 37.9% of antioxidant activity. Antifungal screening showed effect against dermatophytes with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 125 and 250 μg/ml. Regarding the mechanisms of action, the assays showed that the oil can act on the fungal cell wall and membrane. Synergistic interactions were observed using the combination with antifungals, primarily terbinafine. CONCLUSIONS Schinus lentiscifolius essential oil acted as a chemosensitizer of the fungal cell to the drug, resulting in an improvement in the antifungal effect. Therefore, this combination can be considered as an alternative for the topical treatment of dermatophytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia J Danielli
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Pippi
- Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jonathaline A Duarte
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Ana J Maciel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - William Lopes
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michel M Machado
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Luis Flávio S Oliveira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mário L Teixeira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Institute Federal of Santa Catarina, Concórdia, Brazil
| | - Sérgio A L Bordignon
- Environmental Impact Assessment Graduate Program, La Salle University Center, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M Fuentefria
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Miriam A Apel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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19
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Moro GV, Almeida RTR, Napp AP, Porto C, Pilau EJ, Lüdtke DS, Moro AV, Vainstein MH. Identification and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry characterization of biosurfactants, including a new surfactin, isolated from oil-contaminated environments. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:759-769. [PMID: 29761667 PMCID: PMC6011949 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactant-producing bacteria were isolated from samples collected in areas contaminated with crude oil. The isolates were screened for biosurfactant production using qualitative drop-collapse test, oil-spreading and emulsification assays, and measurement of their tensoactive properties. Five isolates tested positive for in the screening experiments and displayed decrease in the surface tension below 30 mN m-1 . The biosurfactants produced by these isolates were further investigated and their molecular identification revealed that they are bacteria related to the Bacillus genus. Additionally, the biosurfactants produced were chemically characterized via UHPLC-HRMS experiments, indicating the production of surfactin homologues, including a new class of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaci V Moro
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafaela T R Almeida
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Amanda P Napp
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Porto
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Eduardo J Pilau
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Diogo S Lüdtke
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica V Moro
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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20
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Barcellos VA, Martins LMS, Fontes ACL, Reuwsaat JCV, Squizani ED, de Sousa Araújo GR, Frases S, Staats CC, Schrank A, Kmetzsch L, Vainstein MH. Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity of Cryptococcus gattii VGII Clinical Isolates and Its Impact on Virulence. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:132. [PMID: 29467743 PMCID: PMC5808156 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cryptococcus gattii species complex harbors the main etiological agents of cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients. C. gattii molecular type VGII predominates in the north and northeastern regions of Brazil, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. C. gattii VGII isolates have a strong clinical relevance and phenotypic variations. These phenotypic variations among C. gattii species complex isolates suggest that some strains are more virulent than others, but little information is available related to the pathogenic properties of those strains. In this study, we analyzed some virulence determinants of C. gattii VGII strains (CG01, CG02, and CG03) isolated from patients in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The C. gattii R265 VGIIa strain, which was isolated from the Vancouver outbreak, differed from C. gattii CG01, CG02 and CG03 isolates (also classified as VGII) when analyzed the capsular dimensions, melanin production, urease activity, as well as the glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) secretion. Those differences directly reflected in their virulence potential. In addition, CG02 displayed higher virulence compared to R265 (VGIIa) strain in a cryptococcal murine model of infection. Lastly, we examined the genotypic diversity of these strains through Multilocus Sequence Type (MLST) and one new subtype was described for the CG02 isolate. This study confirms the presence and the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of highly virulent strains in the Northeast region of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa A Barcellos
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Liline M S Martins
- Laboratório de Imunogenética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Alide C L Fontes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Julia C V Reuwsaat
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eamim D Squizani
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Glauber R de Sousa Araújo
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Susana Frases
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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21
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Lopes W, Vainstein MH, De Sousa Araujo GR, Frases S, Staats CC, de Almeida RMC, Schrank A, Kmetzsch L, Vainstein MH. Geometrical Distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans Mediates Flower-Like Biofilm Development. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2534. [PMID: 29312225 PMCID: PMC5742216 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are highly structured and dynamic communities in which phenotypic diversification allows microorganisms to adapt to different environments under distinct conditions. The environmentally ubiquitous pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans colonizes many niches of the human body and implanted medical devices in the form of biofilms, an important virulence factor. A new approach was used to characterize the underlying geometrical distribution of C. neoformans cells during the adhesion stage of biofilm formation. Geometrical aspects of adhered cells were calculated from the Delaunay triangulation and Voronoi diagram obtained from scanning electron microscopy images (SEM). A correlation between increased biofilm formation and higher ordering of the underlying cell distribution was found. Mature biofilm aggregates were analyzed by applying an adapted protocol developed for ultrastructure visualization of cryptococcal cells by SEM. Flower-like clusters consisting of cells embedded in a dense layer of extracellular matrix were observed as well as distinct levels of spatial organization: adhered cells, clusters of cells and community of clusters. The results add insights into yeast motility during the dispersion stage of biofilm formation. This study highlights the importance of cellular organization for biofilm growth and presents a novel application of the geometrical method of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Lopes
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mendeli H Vainstein
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Glauber R De Sousa Araujo
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Susana Frases
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rita M C de Almeida
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Sistemas Complexos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lívia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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22
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Batista BG, Lana DFD, Silveira GP, Sá MM, Ferreira M, Russo TVC, Canto RFS, Barbosa FAR, Braga AL, Kaminski TFA, de Oliveira LFS, Machado MM, Lopes W, Vainstein MH, Teixeira ML, Andrade SF, Fuentefria AM. Allylic Selenocyanates as New Agents to CombatFusariumSpecies Involved with Human Infections. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna G. Batista
- Laboratório de Micologia Aplicada; Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Daiane F. Dalla Lana
- Laboratório de Micologia Aplicada; Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Gustavo P. Silveira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica; Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Marcus M. Sá
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Misael Ferreira
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Theo V. C. Russo
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Rômulo F. S. Canto
- Departamento de Farmacociências; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Flavio A. R. Barbosa
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Antônio L. Braga
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Taís F. A. Kaminski
- Laboratório de Micologia Aplicada; Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Toxicologia Celular; Universidade Federal do Pampa; Uruguaiana Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Luís F. S. de Oliveira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Toxicologia Celular; Universidade Federal do Pampa; Uruguaiana Brazil
| | - Michel M. Machado
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Toxicologia Celular; Universidade Federal do Pampa; Uruguaiana Brazil
| | - William Lopes
- Departmento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Marilene H. Vainstein
- Departmento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Mário L. Teixeira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia; Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina; Concordia, SC Brazil
| | - Saulo F. Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Alexandre M. Fuentefria
- Laboratório de Micologia Aplicada; Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
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23
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Squizani ED, Oliveira NK, Reuwsaat JCV, Marques BM, Lopes W, Gerber AL, de Vasconcelos ATR, Lev S, Djordjevic JT, Schrank A, Vainstein MH, Staats CC, Kmetzsch L. Cryptococcal dissemination to the central nervous system requires the vacuolar calcium transporter Pmc1. Cell Microbiol 2017; 20. [PMID: 29113016 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a basidiomycetous yeast and the cause of cryptococcosis in immunocompromised individuals. The most severe form of the disease is meningoencephalitis, which is one of the leading causes of death in HIV/AIDS patients. In order to access the central nervous system, C. neoformans relies on the activity of certain virulence factors such as urease, which allows transmigration through the blood-brain barrier. In this study, we demonstrate that the calcium transporter Pmc1 enables C. neoformans to penetrate the central nervous system, because the pmc1 null mutant failed to infect and to survive within the brain parenchyma in a murine systemic infection model. To investigate potential alterations in transmigration pathways in these mutants, global expression profiling of the pmc1 mutant strain was undertaken, and genes associated with urease, the Ca2+ -calcineurin pathway, and capsule assembly were identified as being differentially expressed. Also, a decrease in urease activity was observed in the calcium transporter null mutants. Finally, we demonstrate that the transcription factor Crz1 regulates urease activity and that the Ca2+ -calcineurin signalling pathway positively controls the transcription of calcium transporter genes and factors related to transmigration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - William Lopes
- Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandra L Gerber
- Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica (LNCC), Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Sophie Lev
- Fungal Pathogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Julianne T Djordjevic
- Fungal Pathogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Lívia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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24
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Ribeiro NS, Dos Santos FM, Garcia AWA, Ferrareze PAG, Fabres LF, Schrank A, Kmetzsch L, Rott MB, Vainstein MH, Staats CC. Modulation of Zinc Homeostasis in Acanthamoeba castellanii as a Possible Antifungal Strategy against Cryptococcus gattii. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1626. [PMID: 28883816 PMCID: PMC5573748 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus gattii is a basidiomycetous yeast that can be found in the environment and is one of the agents of cryptococcosis, a life-threatening disease. During its life cycle, cryptococcal cells take hold inside environmental predators such as amoebae. Despite their evolutionary distance, macrophages and amoebae share conserved similar steps of phagocytosis and microbial killing. To evaluate whether amoebae also share other antifungal strategies developed by macrophages, we investigated nutritional immunity against cryptococcal cells. We focused on zinc homeostasis modulation in Acanthamoeba castellanii infected with C. gattii. The intracellular proliferation rate (IPR) in amoebae was determined using C. gattii R265 and mutants for the ZIP1 gene, which displays defects of growth in zinc-limiting conditions. We detected a reduced IPR in cells lacking the ZIP1 gene compared to wild-type strains, suggesting that amoebae produce a low zinc environment to engulfed cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis employing the zinc probe Zinpyr-1 confirmed the reduced concentration of zinc in cryptococcal-infected amoebae. qRT-PCR analysis of zinc transporter-coding genes suggests that zinc export by members of the ZnT family would be involved in the reduced intracellular zinc concentration. These results indicate that amoebae may use nutritional immunity to reduce fungal cell proliferation by reducing zinc availability for the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Francine M Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ane W A Garcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrícia A G Ferrareze
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura F Fabres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilise B Rott
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
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25
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Sbaraini N, Andreis FC, Thompson CE, Guedes RLM, Junges Â, Campos T, Staats CC, Vainstein MH, Ribeiro de Vasconcelos AT, Schrank A. Genome-Wide Analysis of Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters in O phiostoma ulmi and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Reveals a Fujikurin-Like Gene Cluster with a Putative Role in Infection. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1063. [PMID: 28659888 PMCID: PMC5468452 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of new microbial pathogens can result in destructive outbreaks, since their hosts have limited resistance and pathogens may be excessively aggressive. Described as the major ecological incident of the twentieth century, Dutch elm disease, caused by ascomycete fungi from the Ophiostoma genus, has caused a significant decline in elm tree populations (Ulmus sp.) in North America and Europe. Genome sequencing of the two main causative agents of Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma ulmi and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi), along with closely related species with different lifestyles, allows for unique comparisons to be made to identify how pathogens and virulence determinants have emerged. Among several established virulence determinants, secondary metabolites (SMs) have been suggested to play significant roles during phytopathogen infection. Interestingly, the secondary metabolism of Dutch elm pathogens remains almost unexplored, and little is known about how SM biosynthetic genes are organized in these species. To better understand the metabolic potential of O. ulmi and O. novo-ulmi, we performed a deep survey and description of SM biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in these species and assessed their conservation among eight species from the Ophiostomataceae family. Among 19 identified BGCs, a fujikurin-like gene cluster (OpPKS8) was unique to Dutch elm pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that orthologs for this gene cluster are widespread among phytopathogens and plant-associated fungi, suggesting that OpPKS8 may have been horizontally acquired by the Ophiostoma genus. Moreover, the detailed identification of several BGCs paves the way for future in-depth research and supports the potential impact of secondary metabolism on Ophiostoma genus’ lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolau Sbaraini
- Rede Avançada em Biologia ComputacionalPetrópolis, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fábio C Andreis
- Rede Avançada em Biologia ComputacionalPetrópolis, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Claudia E Thompson
- Rede Avançada em Biologia ComputacionalPetrópolis, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratório Nacional de Computação CientíficaPetrópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael L M Guedes
- Rede Avançada em Biologia ComputacionalPetrópolis, Brazil.,Laboratório Nacional de Computação CientíficaPetrópolis, Brazil
| | - Ângela Junges
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thais Campos
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Rede Avançada em Biologia ComputacionalPetrópolis, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Rede Avançada em Biologia ComputacionalPetrópolis, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana T Ribeiro de Vasconcelos
- Rede Avançada em Biologia ComputacionalPetrópolis, Brazil.,Laboratório Nacional de Computação CientíficaPetrópolis, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Rede Avançada em Biologia ComputacionalPetrópolis, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
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26
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Joffe LS, Schneider R, Lopes W, Azevedo R, Staats CC, Kmetzsch L, Schrank A, Del Poeta M, Vainstein MH, Rodrigues ML. The Anti-helminthic Compound Mebendazole Has Multiple Antifungal Effects against Cryptococcus neoformans. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:535. [PMID: 28400768 PMCID: PMC5368277 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is the most lethal pathogen of the central nervous system. The gold standard treatment of cryptococcosis, a combination of amphotericin B with 5-fluorocytosine, involves broad toxicity, high costs, low efficacy, and limited worldwide availability. Although the need for new antifungals is clear, drug research and development (R&D) is costly and time-consuming. Thus, drug repurposing is an alternative to R&D and to the currently available tools for treating fungal diseases. Here we screened a collection of compounds approved for use in humans seeking for those with anti-cryptococcal activity. We found that benzimidazoles consist of a broad class of chemicals inhibiting C. neoformans growth. Mebendazole and fenbendazole were the most efficient antifungals showing in vitro fungicidal activity. Since previous studies showed that mebendazole reaches the brain in biologically active concentrations, this compound was selected for further studies. Mebendazole showed antifungal activity against phagocytized C. neoformans, affected cryptococcal biofilms profoundly and caused marked morphological alterations in C. neoformans, including reduction of capsular dimensions. Amphotericin B and mebendazole had additive anti-cryptococcal effects. Mebendazole was also active against the C. neoformans sibling species, C. gattii. To further characterize the effects of the drug a random C. gattii mutant library was screened and indicated that the antifungal activity of mebendazole requires previously unknown cryptococcal targets. Our results indicate that mebendazole is as a promising prototype for the future development of anti-cryptococcal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna S Joffe
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Leveduras Patogênicas, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Schneider
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - William Lopes
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renata Azevedo
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Charley C Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lívia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, NorthportNY, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony BrookNY, USA
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcio L Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Leveduras Patogênicas, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em SaúdeRio de Janeiro, Brazil
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27
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Oliveira DL, Fonseca FL, Zamith-Miranda D, Nimrichter L, Rodrigues J, Pereira MD, Reuwsaat JC, Schrank A, Staats C, Kmetzsch L, Vainstein MH, Rodrigues ML. The putative autophagy regulator Atg7 affects the physiology and pathogenic mechanisms of Cryptococcus neoformans. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:1405-1419. [PMID: 27750454 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We investigated the involvement of the autophagy protein 7 (Atg7) in physiology and pathogenic potential of Cryptococcus neoformans. MATERIALS & METHODS The C. neoformans gene encoding Atg7 was deleted by biolistic transformation for characterization of autophagy mechanisms, pigment formation, cell dimensions, interaction with phagocytes and pathogenic potential in vivo. RESULTS & CONCLUSION ATG7 deletion resulted in defective autophagy mechanisms, enhanced pigmentation and increased cellular size both in vitro and in vivo. The atg7Δ mutant had decreased survival in the lung of infected mice, higher susceptibility to the killing machinery of different host phagocytes and reduced ability to kill an invertebrate host. These results connect Atg7 with mechanisms of pathogenicity in the C. neoformans model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora L Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda L Fonseca
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Zamith-Miranda
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Nimrichter
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Rodrigues
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos D Pereira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julia Cv Reuwsaat
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Charley Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcio L Rodrigues
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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28
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Mendes LFS, Garcia AF, Kumagai PS, de Morais FR, Melo FA, Kmetzsch L, Vainstein MH, Rodrigues ML, Costa-Filho AJ. New structural insights into Golgi Reassembly and Stacking Protein (GRASP) in solution. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29976. [PMID: 27436376 PMCID: PMC4951691 DOI: 10.1038/srep29976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all proteins localized in the Golgi apparatus, a two-PDZ (PSD95/DlgA/Zo-1) domain protein plays an important role in the assembly of the cisternae. This Golgi Reassembly and Stacking Protein (GRASP) has puzzled researchers due to its large array of functions and relevance in Golgi functionality. We report here a biochemical and biophysical study of the GRASP55/65 homologue in Cryptococcus neoformans (CnGRASP). Bioinformatic analysis, static fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopies, calorimetry, small angle X-ray scattering, solution nuclear magnetic resonance, size exclusion chromatography and proteolysis assays were used to unravel structural features of the full-length CnGRASP. We detected the coexistence of regular secondary structures and large amounts of disordered regions. The overall structure is less compact than a regular globular protein and the high structural flexibility makes its hydrophobic core more accessible to solvent. Our results indicate an unusual behavior of CnGRASP in solution, closely resembling a class of intrinsically disordered proteins called molten globule proteins. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first structural characterization of a full-length GRASP and observation of a molten globule-like behavior in the GRASP family. The possible implications of this and how it could explain the multiple facets of this intriguing class of proteins are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís F. S. Mendes
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Assuero F. Garcia
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia S. Kumagai
- Departamento de Física e Informática, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio R. de Morais
- Departamento de Física, Centro Multiusuário de Inovação Biomolecular, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio Mesquita, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando A. Melo
- Departamento de Física, Centro Multiusuário de Inovação Biomolecular, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio Mesquita, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H. Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcio L. Rodrigues
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio J. Costa-Filho
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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29
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Rodrigues J, Fonseca FL, Schneider RO, Godinho RMDC, Firacative C, Maszewska K, Meyer W, Schrank A, Staats C, Kmetzsch L, Vainstein MH, Rodrigues ML. Pathogenic diversity amongst serotype C VGIII and VGIV Cryptococcus gattii isolates. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11717. [PMID: 26153364 PMCID: PMC4495446 DOI: 10.1038/srep11717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus gattii is one of the causative agents of human cryptococcosis. Highly virulent strains of serotype B C. gattii have been studied in detail, but little information is available on the pathogenic properties of serotype C isolates. In this study, we analyzed pathogenic determinants in three serotype C C. gattii isolates (106.97, ATCC 24066 and WM 779). Isolate ATCC 24066 (molecular type VGIII) differed from isolates WM 779 and 106.97 (both VGIV) in capsule dimensions, expression of CAP genes, chitooligomer distribution, and induction of host chitinase activity. Isolate WM 779 was more efficient than the others in producing pigments and all three isolates had distinct patterns of reactivity with antibodies to glucuronoxylomannan. This great phenotypic diversity reflected in differential pathogenicity. VGIV isolates WM 779 and 106.97 were similar in their ability to cause lethality and produced higher pulmonary fungal burden in a murine model of cryptococcosis, while isolate ATCC 24066 (VGIII) was unable to reach the brain and caused reduced lethality in intranasally infected mice. These results demonstrate a high diversity in the pathogenic potential of isolates of C. gattii belonging to the molecular types VGIII and VGIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Rodrigues
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda L Fonseca
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael O Schneider
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M da C Godinho
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Firacative
- 1] Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School - Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia [2] Grupo de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Krystyna Maszewska
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School - Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wieland Meyer
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School - Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Charley Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Livia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcio L Rodrigues
- 1] Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil [2] Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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30
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Landell MF, Brandão LR, Safar SVB, Gomes FCO, Félix CR, Santos ARO, Pagani DM, Ramos JP, Broetto L, Mott T, Vainstein MH, Valente P, Rosa CA. Bullera vrieseae sp. nov., a tremellaceous yeast species isolated from bromeliads. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:2466-2471. [PMID: 25911536 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.000285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two independent surveys of yeasts associated with different bromeliads in different Brazilian regions led to the proposal of a novel yeast species, Bullera vrieseae sp. nov., belonging to the Tremellales clade (Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota). Analysis of the sequences in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and D1/D2 domain of the LSU rRNA gene suggested affinity to a phylogenetic lineage that includes Bullera miyagiana and Bullera sakaeratica. Six isolates of the novel species were obtained from different bromeliads and regions in Brazil. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene showed that the novel species differs from B. miyagiana and B. sakaeratica by 85 and 64 nt substitutions, respectively and by more than 75 nt substitutions in the ITS region. Phenotypically, Bullera vrieseae sp. nov. can be distinguished from both species based on the assimilation of meso-erythritol, which was negative for B. vrieseae sp. nov. but positive for the others, assimilation of d-glucosamine, which was positive for B. vrieseae sp. nov. but negative for B. miyagiana and of l-sorbose, which was negative for B. vrieseae sp. nov. but positive for B. sakaeratica. The novel species Bullera vrieseae sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these isolates. The type strain of Bullera vrieseae sp. nov. is UFMG-CM-Y379T (BRO443T; ex-type CBS 13870T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Fontes Landell
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Conservação nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil.,Setor de Genética/ICBS, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil
| | - Luciana R Brandão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Silvana V B Safar
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Fatima C O Gomes
- Departamento de Química, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG 30421-169, Brazil
| | - Ciro R Félix
- Setor de Genética/ICBS, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel O Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Danielle M Pagani
- Setor de Genética/ICBS, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Conservação nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil
| | - Jesus P Ramos
- National Reference Laboratory for Tuberculosis, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fiocruz - RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Broetto
- Setor de Genética/ICBS, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil
| | - Tamí Mott
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Conservação nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Patricia Valente
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG 31270-901, Brazil
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31
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Siqueira NM, Garcia KC, Bussamara R, Both FS, Vainstein MH, Soares RM. Poly (lactic acid)/chitosan fiber mats: Investigation of effects of the support on lipase immobilization. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 72:998-1004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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32
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de Paula DAJ, Rosa e Silva LK, Staats CC, Vainstein MH, Joanoni ALP, Nakazato L, Dutra V. Identification of genes expressed by Cryptococcus gattii during iron deprivation. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 45:813-20. [PMID: 25477912 PMCID: PMC4204963 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822014000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii are pathogenic yeasts that cause life-threatening diseases in humans and animals. Iron is an essential nutrient for virtually every organism as it functions as a cofactor in numerous essential enzymatic reactions. In the literature, the competition for iron between microbes and mammalian hosts during infection is well documented. In this study, we used representational difference analysis (RDA) in order to gain a better understanding of how C. gattii responds to iron starvation. A total of 15 and 29 genes were identified as having altered expression levels due to iron depletion after 3 h and 12 h, respectively. Of these, eight genes were identified in both libraries. The transcripts were related to many biological processes, such as cell cycle, ergosterol metabolism, cell wall organization, transportation, translation, cell respiration and the stress response. These data suggest a remodeling of C. gattii metabolism during conditions of iron deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lívia Kmetzsch Rosa e Silva
- Centro de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto AlegreRS Brazil Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Charley Christian Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto AlegreRS Brazil Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto AlegreRS Brazil Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Pinto Joanoni
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso CuiabáMT Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Luciano Nakazato
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso CuiabáMT Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Valéria Dutra
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso CuiabáMT Brazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
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Perinotto WM, Golo PS, Coutinho Rodrigues CJ, Sá FA, Santi L, Beys da Silva WO, Junges A, Vainstein MH, Schrank A, Salles CM, Bittencourt VR. Enzymatic activities and effects of mycovirus infection on the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae in Rhipicephalus microplus. Vet Parasitol 2014; 203:189-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Landell MF, Brandão LR, Barbosa AC, Ramos JP, Safar SVB, Gomes FCO, Sousa FMP, Morais PB, Broetto L, Leoncini O, Ribeiro JR, Fungsin B, Takashima M, Nakase T, Lee CF, Vainstein MH, Fell JW, Scorzetti G, Vishniac HS, Rosa CA, Valente P. Hannaella pagnoccae sp. nov., a tremellaceous yeast species isolated from plants and soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:1970-1977. [PMID: 24614844 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.059345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several independent surveys of yeasts associated with different plant materials and soil led to the proposal of a novel yeast species belonging to the Tremellales clade (Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota). Analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 domains and internal transcribed spacer region of the large subunit of the rRNA gene suggested affinity to a phylogenetic lineage that includes Hannaella coprosmaensis, Hannaella oryzae and Hannaella sinensis. Thirty-two isolates were obtained from different sources, including bromeliads, nectar of Heliconia psittacorum (Heliconiaceae), flowers of Pimenta dioica (Myrtaceae), roots and leaves of sugar cane (Saccharum spp.) in Brazil, leaves of Cratoxylum maingayi, Arundinaria pusilla and Vitis vinifera in Thailand, soil samples in Taiwan, and prairie soil in the USA. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene showed that the novel species differs from Hannaella coprosmaensis and Hannaella oryzae by 36 and 46 nt substitutions, respectively. A novel species is suggested to accommodate these isolates, for which the name Hannaella pagnoccae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BI118(T) ( = CBS 11142(T) = ATCC MYA-4530(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Fontes Landell
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Conservação nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil.,Setor de Genética/ICBS, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil
| | - Luciana R Brandão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Anne C Barbosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jesus P Ramos
- National Reference Laboratory for Tuberculosis, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fiocruz - RJ, Brazil
| | - Silvana V B Safar
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Fatima C O Gomes
- Departamento de Química, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG, 30421-169, Brazil
| | - Francisca M P Sousa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Paula B Morais
- Laboratorio de Microbiologia Ambiental e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Palmas, TO 77020-220, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Broetto
- Setor de Genética/ICBS, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió - AL, Brazil
| | | | - José Roberto Ribeiro
- Instituto de Microbiologia Prof. Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
| | - Bundit Fungsin
- Bioscience Department, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Klong Luang, Pathunthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Masako Takashima
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakase
- Department of Biotechnology, NITE Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE), Chiba, Japan
| | - Ching-Fu Lee
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu, 300 Taiwan
| | - Marilene H Vainstein
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Jack W Fell
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Key Biscayne, FL 33149, USA
| | - Gloria Scorzetti
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Key Biscayne, FL 33149, USA
| | - Helen S Vishniac
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Carlos A Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Patricia Valente
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
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Staats CC, Kmetzsch L, Schrank A, Vainstein MH. Fungal zinc metabolism and its connections to virulence. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2013; 3:65. [PMID: 24133658 PMCID: PMC3796257 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2013.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is a ubiquitous metal in all life forms, as it is a structural component of the almost 10% of eukaryotic proteins, which are called zinc-binding proteins. In zinc-limiting conditions such as those found during infection, pathogenic fungi activate the expression of several systems to enhance the uptake of zinc. These systems include ZIP transporters (solute carrier 39 family) and secreted zincophores, which are proteins that are able to chelate zinc. The expression of some fungal zinc uptake systems are regulated by a master regulator (Zap1), first characterized in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this review, we highlight features of zinc uptake and metabolism in human fungal pathogens and aspects of the relationship between proper zinc metabolism and the expression of virulence factors and adaptation to the host habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charley C Staats
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil ; Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Kmetzsch L, Staats CC, Cupertino JB, Fonseca FL, Rodrigues ML, Schrank A, Vainstein MH. The calcium transporter Pmc1 provides Ca2+ tolerance and influences the progression of murine cryptococcal infection. FEBS J 2013; 280:4853-64. [PMID: 23895559 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The Ca(2+)-calcineurin signaling pathway in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans is essential for adaptation to the host environment during infection. Calcium transporters regulate cytosolic calcium concentrations, providing Ca(2+) loading into storage organelles. The three calcium transporters that have been characterized in C. neoformans, Cch1, Eca1 and Vcx1, are required for fungal virulence, supporting a role for calcium-mediated signaling in cryptococcal pathogenesis. In the present study, we report the functional characterization of the putative vacuolar calcium ATPase Pmc1 in C. neoformans. Our results demonstrate that Pmc1 provides tolerance to high Ca(2+) concentrations. The double knockout of C. neoformans PMC1 and VCX1 genes impaired the intracellular calcium transport, resulting in a significant increase in cytosolic calcium levels. Furthermore, Pmc1 was essential for both the progression of pulmonary infection and brain colonization in mice, emphasizing the crucial role of calcium signaling and transport for cryptococcal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Silveira CP, Piffer AC, Kmetzsch L, Fonseca FL, Soares DA, Staats CC, Rodrigues ML, Schrank A, Vainstein MH. The heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 of Cryptococcus neoformans is associated with the fungal cell surface and influences the interaction between yeast and host cells. Fungal Genet Biol 2013; 60:53-63. [PMID: 23954835 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans secretes numerous proteins, such as heat shock proteins, by unconventional mechanisms during its interaction with host cells. Hsp70 is a conserved chaperone that plays important roles in various cellular processes, including the interaction of fungi with host immune cells. Here, we report that sera from individuals with cryptococcosis infection recognize a recombinant C. neoformans Hsp70 (Cn_rHsp70). Moreover, immunofluorescence assays using antibodies against Cn_rHsp70 revealed the localization of this protein at the cell surface mainly in association with the capsular network. We found that the addition of Cn_rHsp70 positively modulated the interaction of C. neoformans with human alveolar epithelial cells and decreased fungal killing by mouse macrophages, without affecting phagocytosis rates. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that there was a competitive association among the receptor, GXM and Cn_rHsp70, indicating that the Hsp70-binding sites in host cells appear to be shared by glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), the major capsular antigen in C. neoformans. Our observations suggest additional mechanisms by which Hsp70 influences the interaction of C. neoformans with host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina P Silveira
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Bresciani FR, Santi L, Macedo AJ, Abraham WR, Vainstein MH, Beys-da-Silva WO. Production and activity of extracellular lipase from Luteibacter sp. ANN MICROBIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-013-0657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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39
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Fonseca FL, Guimarães AJ, Kmetzsch L, Dutra FF, Silva FD, Taborda CP, Araujo GDS, Frases S, Staats CC, Bozza MT, Schrank A, Vainstein MH, Nimrichter L, Casadevall A, Rodrigues ML. Binding of the wheat germ lectin to Cryptococcus neoformans chitooligomers affects multiple mechanisms required for fungal pathogenesis. Fungal Genet Biol 2013; 60:64-73. [PMID: 23608320 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The principal capsular component of Cryptococcus neoformans, glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), interacts with surface glycans, including chitin-like oligomers. Although the role of GXM in cryptococcal infection has been well explored, there is no information on how chitooligomers affect fungal pathogenesis. In this study, surface chitooligomers of C. neoformans were blocked through the use of the wheat germ lectin (WGA) and the effects on animal pathogenesis, interaction with host cells, fungal growth and capsule formation were analyzed. Treatment of C. neoformans cells with WGA followed by infection of mice delayed mortality relative to animals infected with untreated fungal cells. This observation was associated with reduced brain colonization by lectin-treated cryptococci. Blocking chitooligomers also rendered yeast cells less efficient in their ability to associate with phagocytes. WGA did not affect fungal viability, but inhibited GXM release to the extracellular space and capsule formation. In WGA-treated yeast cells, genes that are involved in capsule formation and GXM traffic had their transcription levels decreased in comparison with untreated cells. Our results suggest that cellular pathways required for capsule formation and pathogenic mechanisms are affected by blocking chitin-derived structures at the cell surface of C. neoformans. Targeting chitooligomers with specific ligands may reveal new therapeutic alternatives to control cryptococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda L Fonseca
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
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Cosentino-Gomes D, Rocco-Machado N, Santi L, Broetto L, Vainstein MH, Meyer-Fernandes JR, Schrank A, Beys-da-Silva WO. Inhibition of ecto-phosphatase activity in conidia reduces adhesion and virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae on the host insect Dysdercus peruvianus. Curr Microbiol 2013; 66:467-74. [PMID: 23306352 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-012-0296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus with the ability to infect a broad range of arthropods, and have evolved distinct strategies for their attachment to hosts. Here, we describe the characterisation of ecto-phosphatase activity on the conidia surface of M. anisopliae and its relevance in the host interaction process. Ecto-phosphatase activity was linear for 60 min and during this time, was linear with the increase of cell density. The optimum pH was in the acidic range and some divalent metals, such as Cu(2+), Cd(2+) and Zn(2+), inhibited ecto-phosphatase activity. The activity was also reduced by phosphatase inhibitors. Importantly, the inhibition of phosphatase activity in conidia reduced the adhesion to Dysdercus peruvianus (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) integument and, consequently and indirectly, M. anisopliae infection. The results herein presented show, for the first time, the importance of ecto-phosphatase activity in M. anisopliae conidia and provide the first evidence of its direct involvement in adhesion and host infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cosentino-Gomes
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco H, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
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41
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Valente P, Boekhout T, Landell MF, Crestani J, Pagnocca FC, Sette LD, Passarini MRZ, Rosa CA, Brandão LR, Pimenta RS, Ribeiro JR, Garcia KM, Lee CF, Suh SO, Péter G, Dlauchy D, Fell JW, Scorzetti G, Theelen B, Vainstein MH. Bandoniozyma gen. nov., a genus of fermentative and non-fermentative tremellaceous yeast species. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46060. [PMID: 23056233 PMCID: PMC3467267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Independent surveys across the globe led to the proposal of a new basidiomycetous yeast genus within the Bulleromyces clade of the Tremellales, Bandoniozyma gen. nov., with seven new species. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The species were characterized by multiple methods, including the analysis of D1/D2 and ITS nucleotide sequences, and morphological and physiological/biochemical traits. Most species can ferment glucose, which is an unusual trait among basidiomycetous yeasts. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE In this study we propose the new yeast genus Bandoniozyma, with seven species Bandoniozyma noutii sp. nov. (type species of genus; CBS 8364(T) = DBVPG 4489(T)), Bandoniozyma aquatica sp. nov. (UFMG-DH4.20(T) = CBS 12527(T) = ATCC MYA-4876(T)), Bandoniozyma complexa sp. nov. (CBS 11570(T) = ATCC MYA-4603(T) = MA28a(T)), Bandoniozyma fermentans sp. nov. (CBS 12399(T) = NU7M71(T) = BCRC 23267(T)), Bandoniozyma glucofermentans sp. nov. (CBS 10381(T) = NRRL Y-48076(T) = ATCC MYA-4760(T) = BG 02-7-15-015A-1-1(T)), Bandoniozyma tunnelae sp. nov. (CBS 8024(T) = DBVPG 7000(T)), and Bandoniozyma visegradensis sp. nov. (CBS 12505(T) = NRRL Y-48783(T) = NCAIM Y.01952(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Valente
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil.
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Abstract
Canonical and unconventional mechanisms of secretion in many eukaryotic cells are relatively well known. In contrast to the situation in animal cells, mechanisms of secretion in fungi must include the capacity for trans-cell wall passage of macromolecules to the extracellular space. Although these mechanisms remain somewhat elusive, several studies in recent years have suggested that vesicular transport is required for trans-cell wall secretion of large molecules. Several fungal molecules, including proteins, lipids, polysaccharides and pigments, are released to the extracellular space in vesicles. In pathogenic fungi, a number of these vesicular components are associated with fungal virulence. Indeed, extracellular vesicles produced by fungi can interfere with the immunomodulatory activity of host cells. Fungal vesicles share many functional aspects with mammalian exosomes and extracellular vesicles produced by bacteria, plants and protozoa, but their cellular origin remains unknown. Here, we discuss the involvement of vesicular transport systems in fungal physiology and pathogenesis, making parallels with the mammalian, bacterial, protozoan and plant cell literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio L Rodrigues
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Cerqueira VS, Hollenbach EB, Maboni F, Vainstein MH, Camargo FAO, do Carmo R Peralba M, Bento FM. Biodegradation potential of oily sludge by pure and mixed bacterial cultures. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:11003-11010. [PMID: 21993328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 09/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradation capacity of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons of petrochemical oily sludge in liquid medium by a bacterial consortium and five pure bacterial cultures was analyzed. Three bacteria isolated from petrochemical oily sludge, identified as Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus cibi, and two bacteria isolated from a soil contaminated by petrochemical waste, identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus demonstrated efficiency in oily sludge degradation when cultivated during 40 days. The bacterial consortium demonstrated an excellent oily sludge degradation capacity, reducing 90.7% of the aliphatic fraction and 51.8% of the aromatic fraction, as well as biosurfactant production capacity, achieving 39.4% reduction of surface tension of the culture medium and an emulsifying activity of 55.1%. The results indicated that the bacterial consortium has potential to be applied in bioremediation of petrochemical oily sludge contaminated environments, favoring the reduction of environmental passives and increasing industrial productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa S Cerqueira
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Sarmento Leite, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Kmetzsch L, Joffe LS, Staats CC, de Oliveira DL, Fonseca FL, Cordero RJB, Casadevall A, Nimrichter L, Schrank A, Vainstein MH, Rodrigues ML. Role for Golgi reassembly and stacking protein (GRASP) in polysaccharide secretion and fungal virulence. Mol Microbiol 2011; 81:206-18. [PMID: 21542865 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07686.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Secretion of virulence factors is a critical mechanism for the establishment of cryptococcosis, a disease caused by the yeast pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. One key virulence strategy of C. neoformans is the release of glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), a capsule-associated immune-modulatory polysaccharide that reaches the extracellular space through secretory vesicles. Golgi reassembly and stacking protein (GRASP) is required for unconventional protein secretion mechanisms in different eukaryotic cells, but its role in polysaccharide secretion is unknown. This study demonstrates that a C. neoformans functional mutant of a GRASP orthologue had attenuated virulence in an animal model of cryptococcosis, in comparison with wild-type (WT) and reconstituted cells. Mutant cells manifested altered Golgi morphology, failed to produce typical polysaccharide capsules and showed a reduced ability to secrete GXM both in vitro and during animal infection. Isolation of GXM from cultures of WT, reconstituted or mutant strains revealed that the GRASP orthologue mutant produced polysaccharides with reduced dimensions. The mutant was also more efficiently associated to and killed by macrophages than WT and reconstituted cells. These results demonstrate that GRASP, a protein involved in unconventional protein secretion, is also required for polysaccharide secretion and virulence in C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Kmetzsch
- Centro de Biotecnologia Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av Bento Gonçalves 9500, 43421, Caixa Postal 15005, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
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Campos RA, Boldo JT, Pimentel IC, Dalfovo V, Araújo WL, Azevedo JL, Vainstein MH, Barros NM. Endophytic and entomopathogenic strains of Beauveria sp to control the bovine tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Genet Mol Res 2010; 9:1421-30. [PMID: 20662157 DOI: 10.4238/vol9-3gmr884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenicity of strains of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and endophytic strains of Beauveria sp against the bovine tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus was tested in laboratory bioassays and under field conditions. Suspensions containing 10(5), 10(7) and 10(9) conidia/mL were prepared of each fungal strain for laboratory bioassays. The ticks were maintained at 28 degrees C, 90 +/- 5% relative humidity, and the following variables were evaluated: initial female weight, egg weight, hatching percentage, reproductive efficiency, and percentage control. For tests under field conditions, a Beauveria suspension containing 10(6) conidia/mL was sprayed on tick-infested cows. After 72 h, the ticks were collected to estimate mortality under field conditions. Laboratory bioassays showed a mortality of 20 to 50% of the ticks seven days after inoculation with 10(7) Beauveria conidia/mL. Under field conditions 10(6) Beauveria conidia/mL induced 18-32% mortality. All Beauveria strains were effective in biological control of R. (Boophilus) microplus under laboratory and field test conditions. This is the first demonstration that endophytic fungi can be used for biological control of the cattle tick; this could help reduce environmental contamination by diminishing the need for chemical acaricides. Two endophytic strains were isolated from maize leaves and characterized by molecular sequencing of 5.8S rDNA ITS1 and ITS2 and morphological analyses of conidia. We found that these two endophytic Beauveria isolates, designated B95 and B157, are close to Beauveria amorpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Campos
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil.
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Beys da Silva WO, Santi L, Corrêa APF, Silva LAD, Bresciani FR, Schrank A, Vainstein MH. The entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae can modulate the secretion of lipolytic enzymes in response to different substrates including components of arthropod cuticle. Fungal Biol 2010; 114:911-6. [PMID: 21036334 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The filamentous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is a well-characterized, arthropod pathogen used in the biological control of arthropod pests. Studies on the regulation of enzymes related to host infection such as proteases and chitinases have been reported but little is known about regulation of lipolytic enzymes in this fungus. Here we present the effects of different carbon sources such as components of the arthropod cuticle on the secretion of lipolytic enzymes by M. anisopliae. Differences in the induction of lipolytic activity were observed between the several carbon sources tested. Higher activities of lipase or lipase/esterase were found in culture media containing the arthropod integument components chitin and cholesteryl stearate. Several bands of lipolytic activity were also detected in zymograms, thus suggesting an important set of lipolytic enzymes secreted by the fungus. These results show that the fungus can modulate the secretion of lipolytic activity in response to host integument components, thus reinforcing the potential role of these enzymes during M. anisopliae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter O Beys da Silva
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, P.O. Box 15005, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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47
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Landell MF, Stopiglia CDO, Billodre RG, Heidrich D, Sorrentino JM, Vainstein MH, Scroferneker ML, Valente P. Evaluation of the Origin of a Sample of Sporothrix Schenckii that Caused Contamination of a Researcher in Southern Brazil. Mycopathologia 2010; 171:203-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-010-9361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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48
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Santi L, Beys da Silva WO, Berger M, Guimarães JA, Schrank A, Vainstein MH. Conidial surface proteins of Metarhizium anisopliae: Source of activities related with toxic effects, host penetration and pathogenesis. Toxicon 2010; 55:874-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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49
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Santi L, Silva WO, Pinto AF, Schrank A, Vainstein MH. Metarhizium anisopliae host–pathogen interaction: differential immunoproteomics reveals proteins involved in the infection process of arthropods. Fungal Biol 2010; 114:312-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Beys da Silva WO, Santi L, Schrank A, Vainstein MH. Metarhizium anisopliae lipolytic activity plays a pivotal role in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus infection. Fungal Biol 2010; 114:10-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2009.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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