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Eldridge MAG, Mohanty A, Hines BE, Kaskan PM, Murray EA. Aspiration removal of orbitofrontal cortex disrupts cholinergic fibers of passage to anterior cingulate cortex in rhesus macaques. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:1011-1019. [PMID: 38502331 PMCID: PMC11003915 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02776-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The study of anthropoid nonhuman primates has provided valuable insights into frontal cortex function in humans, as these primates share similar frontal anatomical subdivisions (Murray et al. 2011). Causal manipulation studies have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of this area. One puzzling finding is that macaques with bilateral aspiration removals of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are impaired on tests of cognitive flexibility and emotion regulation, whereas those with bilateral excitotoxic lesions of OFC are not (Rudebeck et al. 2013). This discrepancy is attributed to the inadvertent disruption of fibers of passage by aspiration lesions but not by excitotoxic lesions. Which fibers of passage are responsible for the impairments observed? One candidate is cholinergic fibers originating in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) and passing nearby or through OFC on their way to other frontal cortex regions (Kitt et al. 1987). To investigate this possibility, we performed unilateral aspiration lesions of OFC in three macaques, and then compared cholinergic innervation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) between hemispheres. Histological assessment revealed diminished cholinergic innervation in the ACC of hemispheres with OFC lesions relative to intact hemispheres. This finding indicates that aspiration lesions of the OFC disrupt cholinergic fibers of passage, and suggests the possibility that loss of cholinergic inputs to ACC contributes to the impairments in cognitive flexibility and emotion regulation observed after aspiration but not excitotoxic lesions of OFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - A Mohanty
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B E Hines
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P M Kaskan
- Leo M. Davidoff Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - E A Murray
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Richmond BJ, Eldridge MAG. Behavioral Studies Reveal Functional Differences in Image Processing by Ventral Stream Areas TEO and TE. J Cogn Neurosci 2024:1-4. [PMID: 38652102 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
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3
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Nerella SG, Telu S, Liow JS, Jenkins MD, Zoghbi SS, Gomez JL, Michaelides M, Eldridge MAG, Richmond BJ, Innis RB, Pike VW. Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of [ 11C]uPSEM792 for PSAM 4-GlyR based chemogenetics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1886. [PMID: 38253691 PMCID: PMC10803328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51307-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemogenetic tools are designed to control neuronal signaling. These tools have the potential to contribute to the understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders and to the development of new treatments. One such chemogenetic technology comprises modified Pharmacologically Selective Actuator Modules (PSAMs) paired with Pharmacologically Selective Effector Molecules (PSEMs). PSAMs are receptors with ligand-binding domains that have been modified to interact only with a specific small-molecule agonist, designated a PSEM. PSAM4 is a triple mutant PSAM derived from the α7 nicotinic receptor (α7L131G,Q139L,Y217F). Although having no constitutive activity as a ligand-gated ion channel, PSAM4 has been coupled to the serotonin 5-HT3 receptor (5-HT3R) and to the glycine receptor (GlyR). Treatment with the partner PSEM to activate PSAM4-5-HT3 or PSAM4-GlyR, causes neuronal activation or silencing, respectively. A suitably designed radioligand may enable selective visualization of the expression and location of PSAMs with positron emission tomography (PET). Here, we evaluated uPSEM792, an ultrapotent PSEM for PSAM4-GlyR, as a possible lead for PET radioligand development. We labeled uPSEM792 with the positron-emitter, carbon-11 (t1/2 = 20.4 min), in high radiochemical yield by treating a protected precursor with [11C]iodomethane followed by base deprotection. PET experiments with [11C]uPSEM792 in rodents and in a monkey transduced with PSAM4-GlyR showed low peak radioactivity uptake in brain. This low uptake was probably due to high polarity of the radioligand, as evidenced by physicochemical measurements, and to the vulnerability of the radioligand to efflux transport at the blood-brain barrier. These findings can inform the design of a more effective PSAM4 based PET radioligand, based on the uPSEM792 chemotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Goud Nerella
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sanjay Telu
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jeih-San Liow
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Madeline D Jenkins
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sami S Zoghbi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan L Gomez
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert B Innis
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Victor W Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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4
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Caccavano AP, Kimmel S, Vlachos A, Mahadevan V, Kim JH, Vargish G, Chittajallu R, London E, Yuan X, Hunt S, Eldridge MAG, Cummins AC, Hines BE, Plotnikova A, Mohanty A, Averbeck BB, Zaghloul K, Dimidschstein J, Fishell G, Pelkey KA, McBain CJ. Divergent opioid-mediated suppression of inhibition between hippocampus and neocortex across species and development. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.20.576455. [PMID: 38313283 PMCID: PMC10836073 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.20.576455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Opioid receptors within the CNS regulate pain sensation and mood and are key targets for drugs of abuse. Within the adult rodent hippocampus (HPC), μ-opioid receptor agonists suppress inhibitory parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs), thus disinhibiting the circuit. However, it is uncertain if this disinhibitory motif is conserved in other cortical regions, species, or across development. We observed that PV-IN mediated inhibition is robustly suppressed by opioids in HPC but not neocortex in mice and nonhuman primates, with spontaneous inhibitory tone in resected human tissue also following a consistent dichotomy. This hippocampal disinhibitory motif was established in early development when immature PV-INs and opioids already influence primordial network rhythmogenesis. Acute opioid-mediated modulation was partially occluded with morphine pretreatment, with implications for the effects of opioids on hippocampal network activity during circuit maturation as well as learning and memory. Together, these findings demonstrate that PV-INs exhibit a divergence in opioid sensitivity across brain regions that is remarkably conserved across evolution and highlights the underappreciated role of opioids acting through immature PV-INs in shaping hippocampal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Caccavano
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Kimmel
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna Vlachos
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vivek Mahadevan
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - June Hoan Kim
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Geoffrey Vargish
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramesh Chittajallu
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edra London
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven Hunt
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Alex C Cummins
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brendan E Hines
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anya Plotnikova
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arya Mohanty
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bruno B Averbeck
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kareem Zaghloul
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Intramural Research Program, NIH Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jordane Dimidschstein
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gord Fishell
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth A Pelkey
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chris J McBain
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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5
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Pearl JE, Matsumoto N, Hayashi K, Matsuda K, Miura K, Nagai Y, Miyakawa N, Minanimoto T, Saunders RC, Sugase-Miyamoto Y, Richmond BJ, Eldridge MAG. Neural correlates of category learning in monkey inferior temporal cortex. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.05.568765. [PMID: 38168336 PMCID: PMC10760203 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.568765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
We trained two monkeys implanted with multi-electrode arrays to categorize natural images of cats and dogs, in order to observe changes in neural activity related to category learning. We recorded neural activity from area TE, which is required for normal learning of visual categories based on perceptual similarity. Neural activity during a passive viewing task was compared pre- and post-training. After the category training, the accuracy of abstract category decoding improved. Specifically, the proportion of single units with category selectivity increased, and units sustained their category-specific responses for longer. Visual category learning thus appears to enhance category separability in area TE by driving changes in the stimulus selectivity of individual neurons and by recruiting more units to the active network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah E Pearl
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
- Current affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Narihisa Matsumoto
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuko Hayashi
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiji Matsuda
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, (QST), Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Naohisa Miyakawa
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, (QST), Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takafumi Minanimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, (QST), Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Richard C Saunders
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Yasuko Sugase-Miyamoto
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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6
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Pelkey KA, Vargish GA, Pellegrini LV, Calvigioni D, Chapeton J, Yuan X, Hunt S, Cummins AC, Eldridge MAG, Pickel J, Chittajallu R, Averbeck BB, Tóth K, Zaghloul K, McBain CJ. Evolutionary conservation of hippocampal mossy fiber synapse properties. Neuron 2023; 111:3802-3818.e5. [PMID: 37776852 PMCID: PMC10841147 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Various specialized structural/functional properties are considered essential for contextual memory encoding by hippocampal mossy fiber (MF) synapses. Although investigated to exquisite detail in model organisms, synapses, including MFs, have undergone minimal functional interrogation in humans. To determine the translational relevance of rodent findings, we evaluated MF properties within human tissue resected to treat epilepsy. Human MFs exhibit remarkably similar hallmark features to rodents, including AMPA receptor-dominated synapses with small contributions from NMDA and kainate receptors, large dynamic range with strong frequency facilitation, NMDA receptor-independent presynaptic long-term potentiation, and strong cyclic AMP (cAMP) sensitivity of release. Array tomography confirmed the evolutionary conservation of MF ultrastructure. The astonishing congruence of rodent and human MF core features argues that the basic MF properties delineated in animal models remain critical to human MF function. Finally, a selective deficit in GABAergic inhibitory tone onto human MF postsynaptic targets suggests that unrestrained detonator excitatory drive contributes to epileptic circuit hyperexcitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Pelkey
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Geoffrey A Vargish
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leonardo V Pellegrini
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Daniela Calvigioni
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julio Chapeton
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Steven Hunt
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alex C Cummins
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James Pickel
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ramesh Chittajallu
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bruno B Averbeck
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katalin Tóth
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Kareem Zaghloul
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chris J McBain
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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7
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Oyama K, Majima K, Nagai Y, Hori Y, Hirabayashi T, Eldridge MAG, Mimura K, Miyakawa N, Fujimoto A, Hori Y, Iwaoki H, Inoue KI, Saunders RC, Takada M, Yahata N, Higuchi M, Richmond BJ, Minamimoto T. Distinct roles of monkey OFC-subcortical pathways in adaptive behavior. bioRxiv 2023:2023.11.17.567492. [PMID: 38076986 PMCID: PMC10705585 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.17.567492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
To be the most successful, primates must adapt to changing environments and optimize their behavior by making the most beneficial choices. At the core of adaptive behavior is the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of the brain, which updates choice value through direct experience or knowledge-based inference. Here, we identify distinct neural circuitry underlying these two separate abilities. We designed two behavioral tasks in which macaque monkeys updated the values of certain items, either by directly experiencing changes in stimulus-reward associations, or by inferring the value of unexperienced items based on the task's rules. Chemogenetic silencing of bilateral OFC combined with mathematical model-fitting analysis revealed that monkey OFC is involved in updating item value based on both experience and inference. In vivo imaging of chemogenetic receptors by positron emission tomography allowed us to map projections from the OFC to the rostromedial caudate nucleus (rmCD) and the medial part of the mediodorsal thalamus (MDm). Chemogenetic silencing of the OFC-rmCD pathway impaired experience-based value updating, while silencing the OFC-MDm pathway impaired inference-based value updating. Our results thus demonstrate a dissociable contribution of distinct OFC projections to different behavioral strategies, and provide new insights into the neural basis of value-based adaptive decision-making in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Oyama
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Kei Majima
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hori
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hirabayashi
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Koki Mimura
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
- Research Center for Medical and Health Data Science, The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tachikawa, Japan
| | - Naohisa Miyakawa
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuki Hori
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Iwaoki
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Inoue
- Systems Neuroscience Section, Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Richard C Saunders
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Masahiko Takada
- Systems Neuroscience Section, Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yahata
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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Nerella SG, Michaelides M, Minamimoto T, Innis RB, Pike VW, Eldridge MAG. PET reporter systems for the brain. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:941-952. [PMID: 37734962 PMCID: PMC10592100 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) can be used as a noninvasive method to longitudinally monitor and quantify the expression of proteins in the brain in vivo. It can be used to monitor changes in biomarkers of mental health disorders, and to assess therapeutic interventions such as stem cell and molecular genetic therapies. The utility of PET monitoring depends on the availability of a radiotracer with good central nervous system (CNS) penetration and high selectivity for the target protein. This review evaluates existing methods for the visualization of reporter proteins and/or protein function using PET imaging, focusing on engineered systems, and discusses possible approaches for future success in the development of high-sensitivity and high-specificity PET reporter systems for the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Goud Nerella
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Robert B Innis
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Victor W Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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9
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Bonnen T, Eldridge MAG. Inconsistencies between human and macaque lesion data can be resolved with a stimulus-computable model of the ventral visual stream. eLife 2023; 12:84357. [PMID: 37278517 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Decades of neuroscientific research has sought to understand medial temporal lobe (MTL) involvement in perception. Apparent inconsistencies in the literature have led to competing interpretations of the available evidence; critically, findings from human participants with naturally occurring MTL damage appear to be inconsistent with findings from monkeys with surgical lesions. Here we leverage a 'stimulus-computable' proxy for the primate ventral visual stream (VVS), which enables us to formally evaluate perceptual demands across stimulus sets, experiments, and species. With this approach, we analyze a series of experiments administered to monkeys with surgical, bilateral damage to perirhinal cortex (PRC), a MTL structure implicated in visual object perception. Across experiments, PRC-lesioned subjects showed no impairment on perceptual tasks; this originally led us (Eldridge et al., 2018) to conclude that PRC is not involved in perception. Here we find that a 'VVS-like' model predicts both PRC-intact and -lesioned choice behaviors, suggesting that a linear readout of the VVS should be sufficient for performance on these tasks. Evaluating these data alongside findings from human experiments, we suggest that results from Eldridge et al., 2018 alone can not be used as evidence against PRC involvement in perception. These data suggest that the experimental findings from human and non-human primate literature are consistent, and apparent discrepancies between species was due to reliance on informal accounts of perceptual processing.
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10
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Eldridge MAG, Pearl JE, Fomani GP, Masseau EC, Fredericks JM, Chen G, Richmond BJ. Visual recognition in rhesus monkeys requires area TE but not TEO. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:3098-3106. [PMID: 35770336 PMCID: PMC10016064 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primate visual system is often described as a hierarchical feature-conjunction pathway, whereby each level represents an increasingly complex combination of image elements, culminating in the representation of whole coherent images in anterior inferior temporal cortex. Although many models of the ventral visual stream emphasize serial feedforward processing ((Poggio T, Mutch J, Leibo J, Rosasco L, Tacchetti A. The computationalmagic of the ventral stream: sketch of a theory (and why some deep architectures work). TechRep MIT-CSAIL-TR-2012-035. MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA. 2012); (Yamins DLK, DiCarlo JJ. Eight open questions in the computational modeling of higher sensory cortex. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2016:37:114-120.)), anatomical studies show connections that bypass intermediate areas and that feedback to preceding areas ((Distler C, Boussaoud D, Desimone R, Ungerleider LG. Cortical connections of inferior temporal area TEO in macaque monkeys. J Comp Neurol. 1993:334(1):125-150.); (Kravitz DJ, Saleem KS, Baker CI, Mishkin M. A new neural framework for visuospatial processing. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011:12(4):217-230.)). Prior studies on visual discrimination and object transforms also provide evidence against a strictly feed-forward serial transfer of information between adjacent areas ((Kikuchi R, Iwai E. The locus of the posterior subdivision of the inferotemporal visual learning area in the monkey. Brain Res. 1980:198(2):347-360.); (Weiskrantz L, Saunders RC. Impairments of visual object transforms in monkeys. Brain. 1984:107(4):1033-1072.); (Kar K, DiCarlo JJ. Fast recurrent processing via ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is needed by the primate ventral stream for robust Core visual object recognition. Neuron. 2021:109(1):164-176.e5.)). Thus, we sought to investigate whether behaviorally relevant propagation of visual information is as strictly sequential as sometimes supposed. We compared the accuracy of visual recognition after selective removal of specific subregions of inferior temporal cortex-area TEO, area TE, or both areas combined. Removal of TEO alone had no detectable effect on recognition memory, whereas removal of TE alone produced a large and significant impairment. Combined removal of both areas created no additional deficit relative to removal of TE alone. Thus, area TE is critical for rapid visual object recognition, and detailed image-level visual information can reach area TE via a route other than through TEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Jonah E Pearl
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Grace P Fomani
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Evan C Masseau
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - J Megan Fredericks
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10014, United States
| | - Gang Chen
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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11
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Azadi R, Bohn S, Eldridge MAG, Afraz A. Surgical Procedure for Implantation of Opto-Array in Nonhuman Primates. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e704. [PMID: 36912623 PMCID: PMC10020889 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetics allows precise temporal control of neuronal activity in the brain. Engineered viral vectors are routinely used to transduce neurons with light-sensitive opsins. However, reliable virus injection and light delivery in animals with large brains, such as nonhuman primates, has proven challenging. The Opto-Array is a novel yet simple device that is used to deliver light to extended regions of the cortex surface for high-throughput behavioral optogenetics in large brains. Here we present protocols for surgical delivery of virus (Basic Protocol 1) and implantation of the Opto-Array (Basic Protocol 2) in two separate surgeries in a rhesus monkey's inferior temporal cortex. As a proof of concept, we measured the behavioral performance of an animal detecting cortical optogenetic stimulations (Basic Protocol 3) with different illumination power and duration using the Opto-Array. The animal was able to detect the optogenetic stimulation for all tested illumination powers and durations. Regression analysis also showed both power and duration of illumination significantly modulate the detectability of the optogenetic stimulation. The outcome of this approach is superior to the standard practice of injecting and recording through a chamber for large areas of the cortex surface. Moreover, the chronic nature of the Opto-Array allows perturbation of neuronal activity of the same site across multiple sessions because it is highly stable; thus, data can be pooled over months. The detailed surgical method presented here makes it possible to use optogenetics to modulate neuronal activity across large regions of the cortex surface in the nonhuman primate brain. This method also lays the groundwork for future attempts to use optogenetics to restore vision in humans. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Virus injection surgery Basic Protocol 2: Opto-Array implantation surgery Basic Protocol 3: Cortical Perturbation Detection (CPD) task behavioral training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Azadi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Simon Bohn
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Arash Afraz
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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12
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Azadi R, Bohn S, Lopez E, Lafer-Sousa R, Wang K, Eldridge MAG, Afraz A. Image-dependence of the detectability of optogenetic stimulation in macaque inferotemporal cortex. Curr Biol 2023; 33:581-588.e4. [PMID: 36610394 PMCID: PMC9905296 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Artificial activation of neurons in early visual areas induces perception of simple visual flashes.1,2 Accordingly, stimulation in high-level visual cortices is expected to induce perception of complex features.3,4 However, results from studies in human patients challenge this expectation. Stimulation rarely induces any detectable visual event, and never a complex one, in human subjects with closed eyes.2 Stimulation of the face-selective cortex in a human patient led to remarkable hallucinations only while the subject was looking at faces.5 In contrast, stimulations of color- and face-selective sites evoke notable hallucinations independent of the object being viewed.6 These anecdotal observations suggest that stimulation of high-level visual cortex can evoke perception of complex visual features, but these effects depend on the availability and content of visual input. In this study, we introduce a novel psychophysical task to systematically investigate characteristics of the perceptual events evoked by optogenetic stimulation of macaque inferior temporal (IT) cortex. We trained macaque monkeys to detect and report optogenetic impulses delivered to their IT cortices7,8,9 while holding fixation on object images. In a series of experiments, we show that detection of cortical stimulation is highly dependent on the choice of images presented to the eyes and it is most difficult when fixating on a blank screen. These findings suggest that optogenetic stimulation of high-level visual cortex results in easily detectable distortions of the concurrent contents of vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Azadi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Simon Bohn
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Emily Lopez
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rosa Lafer-Sousa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Karen Wang
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Arash Afraz
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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13
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Raper J, Eldridge MAG, Sternson SM, Shim JY, Fomani GP, Richmond BJ, Wichmann T, Galvan A. Characterization of Ultrapotent Chemogenetic Ligands for Research Applications in Nonhuman Primates. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:3118-3125. [PMID: 36279419 PMCID: PMC9910343 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemogenetics is a technique for obtaining selective pharmacological control over a cell population by expressing an engineered receptor that is selectively activated by an exogenously administered ligand. A promising approach for neuronal modulation involves the use of "Pharmacologically Selective Actuator Modules" (PSAMs); these chemogenetic receptors are selectively activated by ultrapotent "Pharmacologically Selective Effector Molecules" (uPSEMs). To extend the use of PSAM/PSEMs to studies in nonhuman primates, it is necessary to thoroughly characterize the efficacy and safety of these tools. We describe the time course and brain penetrance in rhesus monkeys of two compounds with promising binding specificity and efficacy profiles in in vitro studies, uPSEM792 and uPSEM817, after systemic administration. Rhesus monkeys received subcutaneous (s.c.) or intravenous (i.v.) administration of uPSEM817 (0.064 mg/kg) or uPSEM792 (0.87 mg/kg), and plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected over 48 h. Both compounds exhibited good brain penetrance, relatively slow washout, and negligible conversion to potential metabolites─varenicline or hydroxyvarenicline. In addition, we found that neither of these uPSEMs significantly altered the heart rate or sleep. Our results indicate that both compounds are suitable candidates for neuroscience studies using PSAMs in nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Raper
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Scott M Sternson
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jalene Y Shim
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Grace P Fomani
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Thomas Wichmann
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Adriana Galvan
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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14
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Kramer PF, Brill-Weil SG, Cummins AC, Zhang R, Camacho-Hernandez GA, Newman AH, Eldridge MAG, Averbeck BB, Khaliq ZM. Synaptic-like axo-axonal transmission from striatal cholinergic interneurons onto dopaminergic fibers. Neuron 2022; 110:2949-2960.e4. [PMID: 35931070 PMCID: PMC9509469 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Transmission from striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) controls dopamine release through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on dopaminergic axons. Anatomical studies suggest that cholinergic terminals signal predominantly through non-synaptic volume transmission. However, the influence of cholinergic transmission on electrical signaling in axons remains unclear. We examined axo-axonal transmission from CINs onto dopaminergic axons using perforated-patch recordings, which revealed rapid spontaneous EPSPs with properties characteristic of fast synapses. Pharmacology showed that axonal EPSPs (axEPSPs) were mediated primarily by high-affinity α6-containing receptors. Remarkably, axEPSPs triggered spontaneous action potentials, suggesting that these axons perform integration to convert synaptic input into spiking, a function associated with somatodendritic compartments. We investigated the cross-species validity of cholinergic axo-axonal transmission by recording dopaminergic axons in macaque putamen and found similar axEPSPs. Thus, we reveal that synaptic-like neurotransmission underlies cholinergic signaling onto dopaminergic axons, supporting the idea that striatal dopamine release can occur independently of somatic firing to provide distinct signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul F Kramer
- Cellular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samuel G Brill-Weil
- Cellular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alex C Cummins
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Renshu Zhang
- Cellular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gisela A Camacho-Hernandez
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Amy H Newman
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bruno B Averbeck
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zayd M Khaliq
- Cellular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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15
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Oyama K, Hori Y, Mimura K, Nagai Y, Eldridge MAG, Saunders RC, Miyakawa N, Hirabayashi T, Hori Y, Inoue KI, Suhara T, Takada M, Higuchi M, Richmond BJ, Minamimoto T. Chemogenetic Disconnection between the Orbitofrontal Cortex and the Rostromedial Caudate Nucleus Disrupts Motivational Control of Goal-Directed Action. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6267-6275. [PMID: 35794012 PMCID: PMC9374131 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0229-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and its major downstream target within the basal ganglia-the rostromedial caudate nucleus (rmCD)-are involved in reward-value processing and goal-directed behavior. However, a causal contribution of the pathway linking these two structures to goal-directed behavior has not been established. Using the chemogenetic technology of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs with a crossed inactivation design, we functionally and reversibly disrupted interactions between the OFC and rmCD in two male macaque monkeys. We injected an adeno-associated virus vector expressing an inhibitory designer receptor, hM4Di, into the OFC and contralateral rmCD, the expression of which was visualized in vivo by positron emission tomography and confirmed by postmortem immunohistochemistry. Functional disconnection of the OFC and rmCD resulted in a significant and reproducible loss of sensitivity to the cued reward value for goal-directed action. This decreased sensitivity was most prominent when monkeys had accumulated a certain amount of reward. These results provide causal evidence that the interaction between the OFC and the rmCD is needed for motivational control of action on the basis of the relative reward value and internal drive. This finding extends the current understanding of the physiological basis of psychiatric disorders in which goal-directed behavior is affected, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In daily life, we routinely adjust the speed and accuracy of our actions on the basis of the value of expected reward. Abnormalities in these kinds of motivational adjustments might be related to behaviors seen in psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the current study, we show that the connection from the orbitofrontal cortex to the rostromedial caudate nucleus is essential for motivational control of action in monkeys. This finding expands our knowledge about how the primate brain controls motivation and behavior and provides a particular insight into disorders like obsessive-compulsive disorder in which altered connectivity between the orbitofrontal cortex and the striatum has been implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Oyama
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hori
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Koki Mimura
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Richard C Saunders
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Naohisa Miyakawa
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hirabayashi
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuki Hori
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Inoue
- Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama 484-8506, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takada
- Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama 484-8506, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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16
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Matsumoto N, Eldridge MAG, Fredericks JM, Lowe KA, Richmond BJ. Comparing performance between a deep neural network and monkeys with bilateral removals of visual area TE in categorizing feature-ambiguous stimuli. J Comput Neurosci 2022; 51:381-387. [PMID: 37195295 DOI: 10.1007/s10827-023-00854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the canonical view of visual processing the neural representation of complex objects emerges as visual information is integrated through a set of convergent, hierarchically organized processing stages, ending in the primate inferior temporal lobe. It seems reasonable to infer that visual perceptual categorization requires the integrity of anterior inferior temporal cortex (area TE). Many deep neural networks (DNNs) are structured to simulate the canonical view of hierarchical processing within the visual system. However, there are some discrepancies between DNNs and the primate brain. Here we evaluated the performance of a simulated hierarchical model of vision in discriminating the same categorization problems presented to monkeys with TE removals. The model was able to simulate the performance of monkeys with TE removals in the categorization task but performed poorly when challenged with visually degraded stimuli. We conclude that further development of the model is required to match the level of visual flexibility present in the monkey visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narihisa Matsumoto
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Megan Fredericks
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kaleb A Lowe
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barry J Richmond
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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17
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Wang W, Eldridge MAG, Richmond BJ. Novelty seeking for novelty's sake. Nat Neurosci 2021; 25:7-8. [PMID: 34903881 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Wang
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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18
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Setogawa T, Eldridge MAG, Fomani GP, Saunders RC, Richmond BJ. Contributions of the Monkey Inferior Temporal Areas TE and TEO to Visual Categorization. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:4891-4900. [PMID: 33987672 PMCID: PMC8491680 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to categorize images is thought to depend on neural processing within the ventral visual stream. Recently, we reported that after removal of architectonic area TE, the terminal region of the ventral stream, monkeys were still able to categorize images as cats or dogs moderately well. Here, we investigate the contribution of TEO, the architectonically defined region located one step earlier than area TE in the ventral stream. Bilateral removal of TEO caused only a mild impairment in categorization. However, combined TE + TEO removal was followed by a severe, long-lasting impairment in categorization. All of the monkeys tested, including those with combined TE + TEO removals, had normal low-level visual functions, such as visual acuity. These results support the conclusion that categorization based on visual similarity is processed in parallel in TE and TEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Setogawa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Grace P Fomani
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard C Saunders
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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19
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Eldridge MAG, Hines BE, Murray EA. The visual prefrontal cortex of anthropoids: interaction with temporal cortex in decision making and its role in the making of "visual animals". Curr Opin Behav Sci 2021; 41:22-29. [PMID: 33796638 PMCID: PMC8009333 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The ventral prefrontal cortex (PFC) of primates-a region strongly implicated in decision making-receives highly processed visual sensory inputs from the inferior temporal cortex (ITC) and perirhinal cortex (PRC) and can therefore be considered visual PFC. Usually, the functions of temporal cortex and visual PFC have been discussed in separate literatures. By considering them together, we aim to clarify the ways in which fronto-temporal networks guide decision making. After discussing the ways in which visual PFC interacts with temporal cortex to promote decision making, we offer specific predictions about the selective roles of the ITC- and PRC-based fronto-temporal networks. Finally, we suggest that an increased reliance on visual PFC in anthropoid primates led to our emergence as 'visual' animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Brendan E Hines
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Elisabeth A Murray
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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20
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Yetter M, Robert S, Mammarella G, Richmond B, Eldridge MAG, Ungerleider LG, Yue X. Curvilinear features are important for animate/inanimate categorization in macaques. J Vis 2021; 21:3. [PMID: 33798259 PMCID: PMC8024783 DOI: 10.1167/jov.21.4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The current experiment investigated the extent to which perceptual categorization of animacy (i.e., the ability to discriminate animate and inanimate objects) is facilitated by image-based features that distinguish the two object categories. We show that, with nominal training, naïve macaques could classify a trial-unique set of 1000 novel images with high accuracy. To test whether image-based features that naturally differ between animate and inanimate objects, such as curvilinear and rectilinear information, contribute to the monkeys’ accuracy, we created synthetic images using an algorithm that distorted the global shape of the original animate/inanimate images while maintaining their intermediate features (Portilla & Simoncelli, 2000). Performance on the synthesized images was significantly above chance and was predicted by the amount of curvilinear information in the images. Our results demonstrate that, without training, macaques can use an intermediate image feature, curvilinearity, to facilitate their categorization of animate and inanimate objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Yetter
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, NIMH/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,
| | - Sophia Robert
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, NIMH/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,
| | | | - Barry Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,
| | | | | | - Xiaomin Yue
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, NIMH/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,
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Tremblay S, Acker L, Afraz A, Albaugh DL, Amita H, Andrei AR, Angelucci A, Aschner A, Balan PF, Basso MA, Benvenuti G, Bohlen MO, Caiola MJ, Calcedo R, Cavanaugh J, Chen Y, Chen S, Chernov MM, Clark AM, Dai J, Debes SR, Deisseroth K, Desimone R, Dragoi V, Egger SW, Eldridge MAG, El-Nahal HG, Fabbrini F, Federer F, Fetsch CR, Fortuna MG, Friedman RM, Fujii N, Gail A, Galvan A, Ghosh S, Gieselmann MA, Gulli RA, Hikosaka O, Hosseini EA, Hu X, Hüer J, Inoue KI, Janz R, Jazayeri M, Jiang R, Ju N, Kar K, Klein C, Kohn A, Komatsu M, Maeda K, Martinez-Trujillo JC, Matsumoto M, Maunsell JHR, Mendoza-Halliday D, Monosov IE, Muers RS, Nurminen L, Ortiz-Rios M, O'Shea DJ, Palfi S, Petkov CI, Pojoga S, Rajalingham R, Ramakrishnan C, Remington ED, Revsine C, Roe AW, Sabes PN, Saunders RC, Scherberger H, Schmid MC, Schultz W, Seidemann E, Senova YS, Shadlen MN, Sheinberg DL, Siu C, Smith Y, Solomon SS, Sommer MA, Spudich JL, Stauffer WR, Takada M, Tang S, Thiele A, Treue S, Vanduffel W, Vogels R, Whitmire MP, Wichmann T, Wurtz RH, Xu H, Yazdan-Shahmorad A, Shenoy KV, DiCarlo JJ, Platt ML. An Open Resource for Non-human Primate Optogenetics. Neuron 2020; 108:1075-1090.e6. [PMID: 33080229 PMCID: PMC7962465 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Optogenetics has revolutionized neuroscience in small laboratory animals, but its effect on animal models more closely related to humans, such as non-human primates (NHPs), has been mixed. To make evidence-based decisions in primate optogenetics, the scientific community would benefit from a centralized database listing all attempts, successful and unsuccessful, of using optogenetics in the primate brain. We contacted members of the community to ask for their contributions to an open science initiative. As of this writing, 45 laboratories around the world contributed more than 1,000 injection experiments, including precise details regarding their methods and outcomes. Of those entries, more than half had not been published. The resource is free for everyone to consult and contribute to on the Open Science Framework website. Here we review some of the insights from this initial release of the database and discuss methodological considerations to improve the success of optogenetic experiments in NHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Tremblay
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Leah Acker
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Arash Afraz
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel L Albaugh
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Department of Neurology, Emory University, GA 30329, USA
| | - Hidetoshi Amita
- Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ariana R Andrei
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alessandra Angelucci
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Amir Aschner
- Dominik P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Puiu F Balan
- Laboratory of Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michele A Basso
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Neurobiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Giacomo Benvenuti
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Martin O Bohlen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Michael J Caiola
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Department of Neurology, Emory University, GA 30329, USA
| | - Roberto Calcedo
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19014, USA
| | - James Cavanaugh
- Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20982, USA
| | - Yuzhi Chen
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Spencer Chen
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Mykyta M Chernov
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Resource Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Andrew M Clark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Ji Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Samantha R Debes
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Neuroscience Program, Departments of Bioengineering, Psychiatry, and Behavioral Science, Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert Desimone
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Valentin Dragoi
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Seth W Egger
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hala G El-Nahal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Francesco Fabbrini
- Laboratory of Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederick Federer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Christopher R Fetsch
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience & Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Michal G Fortuna
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert M Friedman
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Resource Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Naotaka Fujii
- Laboratory for Adaptive Intelligence, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Alexander Gail
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Göttingen, Germany; Faculty for Biology and Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Adriana Galvan
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Department of Neurology, Emory University, GA 30329, USA
| | - Supriya Ghosh
- Department of Neurobiology and Grossman Institute for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Marc Alwin Gieselmann
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Roberto A Gulli
- Zuckerman Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Okihide Hikosaka
- Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eghbal A Hosseini
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xing Hu
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Department of Neurology, Emory University, GA 30329, USA
| | - Janina Hüer
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ken-Ichi Inoue
- Systems Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Roger Janz
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mehrdad Jazayeri
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rundong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Niansheng Ju
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kohitij Kar
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Carsten Klein
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Adam Kohn
- Dominik P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Misako Komatsu
- Laboratory for Adaptive Intelligence, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Maeda
- Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julio C Martinez-Trujillo
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Masayuki Matsumoto
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - John H R Maunsell
- Department of Neurobiology and Grossman Institute for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Diego Mendoza-Halliday
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ilya E Monosov
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Neurosurgery and Pain Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ross S Muers
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Lauri Nurminen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Michael Ortiz-Rios
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, Göttingen, Germany; Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Daniel J O'Shea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, and Bio-X Institute, and Neuroscience Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stéphane Palfi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), U955 INSERM IMRB eq.15, University of Paris 12 UPEC, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil 94010, France
| | - Christopher I Petkov
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sorin Pojoga
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rishi Rajalingham
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Charu Ramakrishnan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Evan D Remington
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Cambria Revsine
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Anna W Roe
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Resource Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Philip N Sabes
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Richard C Saunders
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hansjörg Scherberger
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Göttingen, Germany; Faculty for Biology and Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael C Schmid
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK; Department of Neurosciences and Movement Sciences, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Schultz
- Department of Physiology, Development of Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0LT, UK
| | - Eyal Seidemann
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yann-Suhan Senova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), U955 INSERM IMRB eq.15, University of Paris 12 UPEC, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil 94010, France
| | - Michael N Shadlen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, The Kavli Institute for Brain Science & Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, NY 10027, USA
| | - David L Sheinberg
- Department of Neuroscience and Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Caitlin Siu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Yoland Smith
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Department of Neurology, Emory University, GA 30329, USA
| | - Selina S Solomon
- Dominik P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Marc A Sommer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - John L Spudich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William R Stauffer
- Systems Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Masahiko Takada
- Systems Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Shiming Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Alexander Thiele
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Stefan Treue
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Göttingen, Germany; Faculty for Biology and Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wim Vanduffel
- Laboratory of Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; MGH Martinos Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02144, USA
| | - Rufin Vogels
- Laboratory of Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthew P Whitmire
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Thomas Wichmann
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Department of Neurology, Emory University, GA 30329, USA
| | - Robert H Wurtz
- Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20982, USA
| | - Haoran Xu
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Azadeh Yazdan-Shahmorad
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Bioengineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Krishna V Shenoy
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Bioengineering, and Neurobiology, Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute and Bio-X Institute, Neuroscience Graduate Program, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - James J DiCarlo
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael L Platt
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Marketing, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Fredericks JM, Dash KE, Jaskot EM, Bennett TW, Lerchner W, Dold G, Ide D, Cummins AC, Der Minassian VH, Turchi JN, Richmond BJ, Eldridge MAG. Methods for mechanical delivery of viral vectors into rhesus monkey brain. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 339:108730. [PMID: 32302596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern molecular tools make it possible to manipulate neural activity in a reversible and cell-type specific manner. For rhesus monkey research, molecular tools are generally introduced via viral vectors. New instruments designed specifically for use in monkey research are needed to enhance the efficiency and reliability of vector delivery. NEW METHOD A suite of multi-channel injection devices was developed to permit efficient and uniform vector delivery to cortical regions of the monkey brain. Manganese was co-infused with virus to allow rapid post-surgical confirmation of targeting accuracy using MRI. A needle guide was designed to increase the accuracy of sub-cortical targeting using stereotaxic co-ordinates. RESULTS The multi-channel injection devices produced dense, uniform coverage of dorsal surface cortex, ventral surface cortex, and intra-sulcal cortex, respectively. Co-infusion of manganese with the viral vector allowed for immediate verification of injection accuracy. The needle guide improved accuracy of targeting sub-cortical structures by preventing needle deflection. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) The current methods, hand-held injections or single slow mechanical injection, for surface cortex transduction do not, in our hands, produce the density and uniformity of coverage provided by the injector arrays and associated infusion protocol. CONCLUSIONS The efficiency and reliability of vector delivery has been considerably improved by the development of new methods and instruments. This development should facilitate the translation of chemo- and optogenetic studies performed in smaller animals to larger animals such as rhesus monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Megan Fredericks
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10014, USA
| | - Kiana E Dash
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emilia M Jaskot
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Walter Lerchner
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - George Dold
- Section on Instrumentation, NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Ide
- Section on Instrumentation, NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Janita N Turchi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Bonaventura J, Eldridge MAG, Hu F, Gomez JL, Sanchez-Soto M, Abramyan AM, Lam S, Boehm MA, Ruiz C, Farrell MR, Moreno A, Galal Faress IM, Andersen N, Lin JY, Moaddel R, Morris PJ, Shi L, Sibley DR, Mahler SV, Nabavi S, Pomper MG, Bonci A, Horti AG, Richmond BJ, Michaelides M. High-potency ligands for DREADD imaging and activation in rodents and monkeys. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4627. [PMID: 31604917 PMCID: PMC6788984 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) are a popular chemogenetic technology for manipulation of neuronal activity in uninstrumented awake animals with potential for human applications as well. The prototypical DREADD agonist clozapine N-oxide (CNO) lacks brain entry and converts to clozapine, making it difficult to apply in basic and translational applications. Here we report the development of two novel DREADD agonists, JHU37152 and JHU37160, and the first dedicated 18F positron emission tomography (PET) DREADD radiotracer, [18F]JHU37107. We show that JHU37152 and JHU37160 exhibit high in vivo DREADD potency. [18F]JHU37107 combined with PET allows for DREADD detection in locally-targeted neurons, and at their long-range projections, enabling noninvasive and longitudinal neuronal projection mapping. Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) are a powerful tool for neuroscience, but the standard DREADD ligand, CNO, has significant drawbacks. Here the authors report two novel high-potency DREADD ligands and a novel DREADD radiotracer for imaging purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Bonaventura
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Feng Hu
- Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Juan L Gomez
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Marta Sanchez-Soto
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Ara M Abramyan
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Sherry Lam
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Matthew A Boehm
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Christina Ruiz
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Mitchell R Farrell
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Andrea Moreno
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Dandrite, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Islam Mustafa Galal Faress
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Dandrite, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Dandrite, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - John Y Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Patrick J Morris
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - David R Sibley
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Stephen V Mahler
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Sadegh Nabavi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Dandrite, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Antonello Bonci
- Synaptic Plasticity Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Andrew G Horti
- Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Eldridge MAG, Richmond BJ. Resisting the Urge to Act: DREADDS Modifying Habits: (Trends in Neurosciences 40, 61-62; 2017). Trends Neurosci 2017; 40:324. [PMID: 28413092 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Eldridge MAG, Richmond BJ. Resisting the Urge to Act: DREADDs Modifying Habits. Trends Neurosci 2017; 40:61-62. [PMID: 28104285 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, Meyer and Bucci used chemogenetic technology - artificial excitatory and inhibitory receptors - to modulate neuronal activity in two connected brain regions in opposite directions simultaneously. This innovative manipulation revealed that the two regions studied, orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens, are not sequentially dependent during contextual decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A G Eldridge
- Section on Neural Coding and Computation, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Bldg 49, Rm 1B80, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Section on Neural Coding and Computation, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Bldg 49, Rm 1B80, NIMH/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Eldridge MAG, Lerchner W, Saunders RC, Kaneko H, Krausz KW, Gonzalez FJ, Ji B, Higuchi M, Minamimoto T, Richmond BJ. Chemogenetic disconnection of monkey orbitofrontal and rhinal cortex reversibly disrupts reward value. Nat Neurosci 2015; 19:37-9. [PMID: 26656645 PMCID: PMC4866611 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To study how the interaction between orbitofrontal (OFC) and rhinal (Rh) cortices influences the judgment of reward size, we reversibly disconnected these regions using the hM4Di-DREADD (Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drug). Repeated inactivation reduced sensitivity to differences in reward size in two monkeys. Results suggest that retrieval of relative stimulus values from memory appears to depend on interaction between Rh and OFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Walter Lerchner
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard C Saunders
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, National Institute of Radiological Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kristopher W Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bin Ji
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, National Institute of Radiological Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, National Institute of Radiological Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, National Institute of Radiological Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Barry J Richmond
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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