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Portela M, Mukherjee S, Paul S, La Marca JE, Parsons LM, Veraksa A, Richardson HE. The Drosophila tumour suppressor Lgl and Vap33 activate the Hippo pathway through a dual mechanism. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261917. [PMID: 38240353 PMCID: PMC10911279 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumour suppressor, Lethal (2) giant larvae [Lgl; also known as L(2)gl], is an evolutionarily conserved protein that was discovered in the vinegar fly Drosophila, where its depletion results in tissue overgrowth and loss of cell polarity. Lgl links cell polarity and tissue growth through regulation of the Notch and the Hippo signalling pathways. Lgl regulates the Notch pathway by inhibiting V-ATPase activity via Vap33. How Lgl regulates the Hippo pathway was unclear. In this current study, we show that V-ATPase activity inhibits the Hippo pathway, whereas Vap33 acts to activate Hippo signalling. Vap33 physically and genetically interacts with the actin cytoskeletal regulators RtGEF (Pix) and Git, which also bind to the Hippo protein (Hpo) and are involved in the activation of the Hippo pathway. Additionally, we show that the ADP ribosylation factor Arf79F (Arf1), which is a Hpo interactor, is involved in the inhibition of the Hippo pathway. Altogether, our data suggest that Lgl acts via Vap33 to activate the Hippo pathway by a dual mechanism: (1) through interaction with RtGEF, Git and Arf79F, and (2) through interaction and inhibition of the V-ATPase, thereby controlling epithelial tissue growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
| | - Swastik Mukherjee
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Sayantanee Paul
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - John E. La Marca
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- Blood Cells and Blood Cancer Division, Water and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Genome Engineering and Cancer Modelling Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Linda M. Parsons
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
| | - Alexey Veraksa
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Helena E. Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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Gimenez-Llorente D, Portela M, Losada A, Manzanares M, Andreu MJ. A protocol to study three-dimensional genome structure in individual mutant preimplantation mouse embryos. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102267. [PMID: 37126445 PMCID: PMC10165443 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hi-C studies the three-dimensional structure of the genome by detecting genome-wide chromatin regions that are in spatial proximity within the nucleus. We developed single-blastocyst Hi-C in mutant mouse embryos to genotype them on sequence. We describe steps for embryo fixation and nuclei permeabilization, after which chromatin is digested and re-ligated having incorporated a biotin-labeled nucleotide at the ligation junction. After cross-link reversal, we then detail purification of immobilized chimeric DNA ligations, library generation, sequencing, and genome-wide analysis of interactions. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Andreu et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Portela
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Losada
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Manzanares
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Andreu
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Martinez M, Petit J, Leyva A, Sogues A, Megrian D, Rodriguez A, Gaday Q, Ben Assaya M, Portela M, Haouz A, Ducret A, Grangeasse C, Alzari PM, Durán R, Wehenkel A. Eukaryotic-like gephyrin and cognate membrane receptor coordinate corynebacterial cell division and polar elongation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.01.526586. [PMID: 36778425 PMCID: PMC9915583 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.01.526586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The order Corynebacteriales includes major industrial and pathogenic actinobacteria such as Corynebacterium glutamicum or Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Their elaborate multi-layered cell wall, composed primarily of the mycolyl-arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex, and their polar growth mode impose a stringent coordination between the septal divisome, organized around the tubulin-like protein FtsZ, and the polar elongasome, assembled around the tropomyosin-like protein Wag31. Here, we report the identification of two new divisome members, a gephyrin-like repurposed molybdotransferase (GLP) and its membrane receptor (GLPR). We show that the interplay between the GLPR/GLP module, FtsZ and Wag31 is crucial for orchestrating cell cycle progression. Our results provide a detailed molecular understanding of the crosstalk between two essential machineries, the divisome and elongasome, and reveal that Corynebacteriales have evolved a protein scaffold to control cell division and morphogenesis similar to the gephyrin/GlyR system that in higher eukaryotes mediates synaptic signaling through network organization of membrane receptors and the microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Martinez
- Structural Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - J. Petit
- Structural Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - A. Leyva
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A. Sogues
- Structural Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - D. Megrian
- Structural Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - A. Rodriguez
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Q. Gaday
- Structural Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - M. Ben Assaya
- Structural Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - M. Portela
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A. Haouz
- Plate-forme de cristallographie, C2RT-Institut Pasteur, CNRS, UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - A. Ducret
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, CNRS UMR 5086, Université de Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - C. Grangeasse
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, CNRS UMR 5086, Université de Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - P. M. Alzari
- Structural Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - R. Durán
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A. Wehenkel
- Structural Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3528, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France
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Andreu MJ, Alvarez-Franco A, Portela M, Gimenez-Llorente D, Cuadrado A, Badia-Careaga C, Tiana M, Losada A, Manzanares M. Establishment of 3D chromatin structure after fertilization and the metabolic switch at the morula-to-blastocyst transition require CTCF. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Portela M, Jimenez-Carretero D, Labrador V, Andreu MJ, Arza E, Caiolfa VR, Manzanares M. Chromatin dynamics through mouse preimplantation development revealed by single molecule localisation microscopy. Biol Open 2022; 11:275915. [PMID: 35876820 PMCID: PMC9346283 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most studies addressing chromatin behaviour during preimplantation development are based on biochemical assays that lack spatial and cell-specific information, crucial during early development. Here, we describe the changes in chromatin taking place at the transition from totipotency to lineage specification, by using direct stochastical optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) in whole-mount embryos during the first stages of mouse development. Through the study of two post-translational modifications of Histone 3 related to active and repressed chromatin, H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 respectively, we obtained a time-course of chromatin states, showing spatial differences between cell types, related to their differentiation state. This analysis adds a new layer of information to previous biochemical studies and provides novel insight to current models of chromatin organisation during the first stages of development. SUMMARY: We have applied super-resolution microscopy to analyse changes in the state of chromatin during the first stages of mouse development, from the two-cell stage to the blastocyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Daniel Jimenez-Carretero
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Veronica Labrador
- Microscopy and Dynamic Imaging Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Andreu
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Elvira Arza
- Microscopy and Dynamic Imaging Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Valeria R Caiolfa
- Microscopy and Dynamic Imaging Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Center for Experimental Imaging, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Miguel Manzanares
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
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La Marca JE, Willoughby LF, Allan K, Portela M, Goh PK, Tiganis T, Richardson HE. PTP61F Mediates Cell Competition and Mitigates Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12732. [PMID: 34884538 PMCID: PMC8657627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis via the elimination of aberrant cells is fundamental for organism survival. Cell competition is a key homeostatic mechanism, contributing to the recognition and elimination of aberrant cells, preventing their malignant progression and the development of tumors. Here, using Drosophila as a model organism, we have defined a role for protein tyrosine phosphatase 61F (PTP61F) (orthologue of mammalian PTP1B and TCPTP) in the initiation and progression of epithelial cancers. We demonstrate that a Ptp61F null mutation confers cells with a competitive advantage relative to neighbouring wild-type cells, while elevating PTP61F levels has the opposite effect. Furthermore, we show that knockdown of Ptp61F affects the survival of clones with impaired cell polarity, and that this occurs through regulation of the JAK-STAT signalling pathway. Importantly, PTP61F plays a robust non-cell-autonomous role in influencing the elimination of adjacent polarity-impaired mutant cells. Moreover, in a neoplastic RAS-driven polarity-impaired tumor model, we show that PTP61F levels determine the aggressiveness of tumors, with Ptp61F knockdown or overexpression, respectively, increasing or reducing tumor size. These effects correlate with the regulation of the RAS-MAPK and JAK-STAT signalling by PTP61F. Thus, PTP61F acts as a tumor suppressor that can function in an autonomous and non-cell-autonomous manner to ensure cellular fitness and attenuate tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. La Marca
- Cell Polarity, Cell Signaling & Cancer Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (J.E.L.M.); (K.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Lee F. Willoughby
- Cell Cycle & Development Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
| | - Kirsten Allan
- Cell Polarity, Cell Signaling & Cancer Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (J.E.L.M.); (K.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Portela
- Cell Polarity, Cell Signaling & Cancer Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (J.E.L.M.); (K.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Pei Kee Goh
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (P.K.G.); (T.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (P.K.G.); (T.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Helena E. Richardson
- Cell Polarity, Cell Signaling & Cancer Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (J.E.L.M.); (K.A.); (M.P.)
- Cell Cycle & Development Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
- Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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7
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Cardozo V, Vaamonde L, Parodi-Talice A, Zuluaga MJ, Agrati D, Portela M, Lima A, Blasina F, Dajas F, Bedó G. Multitarget neuroprotection by quercetin: Changes in gene expression in two perinatal asphyxia models. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105064. [PMID: 33951501 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) causes mortality and long-term neurologic morbidities in newborns, affecting pathways related to energy failure, excitotoxicity and oxidative stress that often lead to cell death. The whole process of HIE injury is coupled to changes in the expression of a great array of proteins. A nanoliposomal preparation of the flavonoid quercetin has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in perinatal asphyxia models. This study aimed to identify neonatal HIE markers and explore the effect of quercetin administration in two perinatal asphyxia models: newborn rats and piglets. In the rat model, nanoliposomal quercetin administration reduced mortality after asphyxia. In the piglet model, quercetin partially overrode the reduction of HIF-1α mRNA levels in the cortex induced by asphyxia. Quercetin administration also reduced increased level of HO-1 mRNA in asphyctic piglets. These results suggest that quercetin neuroprotection might be involved in the regulation of HIF-1α, HO-1 and their targets. A proteomic approach revealed that the glycolytic pathway is strongly regulated by quercetin in both species. We also identified a set of proteins differentially expressed that could be further considered as markers. In piglets, this set includes Acidic Leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 (ANP32A), associated with nervous system differentiation, proteins related with death pathways and alpha-enolase which can be converted to neuron-specific enolase, a glycolytic enzyme that may promote neuroprotection. In newborn rats, other promising proteins associated with neurogenesis and neuroprotection emerged, such as dihydropyrimidinase-related proteins, catalytic and regulatory subunits of phosphatases and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK). Our results show that a nanoliposomal preparation of quercetin, with protective effect in two HIE mammal models, modulates the expression of proteins involved in energy metabolism and other putative neuroprotective signals in the cortex. Identification of these signals could reveal potential molecular pathways involved in disease onset and the novel quercetin neuroprotective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cardozo
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L Vaamonde
- Dept. Neonatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Parodi-Talice
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay; Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M J Zuluaga
- Sección Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - D Agrati
- Sección Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Portela
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Proteómica Analíticas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Lima
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Proteómica Analíticas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo; Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - F Blasina
- Dept. Neonatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - F Dajas
- Dept. Neuroquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G Bedó
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (Udelar), Montevideo, Uruguay.
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van Welie N, Roest I, Portela M, van Rijswijk J, Koks C, Lambalk CB, Dreyer K, Mol BWJ, Finken MJJ, Mijatovic V. Thyroid function in neonates conceived after hysterosalpingography with iodinated contrast. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:1159-1167. [PMID: 32427280 PMCID: PMC7259368 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does exposure to preconceptional hysterosalpingography (HSG) with iodinated oil-based contrast affect neonatal thyroid function as compared to iodinated water-based contrast? SUMMARY ANSWER Preconceptional HSG with iodinated contrast did not influence the neonatal thyroid function. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY HSG is a commonly applied tubal patency test during fertility work-up in which either oil- or water-based contrast is used. Oil-based contrast contains more iodine compared to water-based contrast. A previous study in an East Asian population found an increased risk of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in neonates whose mothers were exposed to high amounts of oil-based contrast during HSG. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a retrospective data analysis of the H2Oil study, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing HSG with the use of oil- versus water-based contrast during fertility work-up. After an HSG with oil-based contrast, 214 women had an ongoing pregnancy within 6 months leading to a live birth compared to 155 women after HSG with water-based contrast. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Of the 369 women who had a live born infant, 208 consented to be approached for future research and 138 provided informed consent to collect data on the thyroid function tests of their offspring (n = 140). Thyroid function tests of these children were retrieved from the Dutch neonatal screening program, which includes the assessment of total thyroxine (T4) in all newborns, followed by thyroid-stimulating hormone only in those with a T4 level of ≤ -0.8 SD score. Furthermore, amount of contrast medium used and time between HSG and conception were compared between the two study groups. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Data were collected from 140 neonates conceived after HSG with oil-based (n = 76) or water-based (n = 64) contrast. The median T4 concentration was 87.0 nmol/l [76.0-96.0] in the oil group and 90.0 nmol/l [78.0-106.0] in the water group (P = 0.13). None of the neonates had a positive screening result for CH.The median amount of contrast medium used was 9.0 ml [interquartile range (IQR), 6.0-11.8] in the oil-group and 10.0 ml [IQR, 7.5-14.0] in the water group (P = 0.43). No influence of the amount of contrast on the effect of contrast group on T4 concentrations was found (P-value for interaction, 0.37). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION A relatively small sample size and possible attrition at follow-up are limitations of this study. Although our results suggest that the use of iodinated contrast media for HSG is safe for the offspring, the impact of a decrease in maternal thyroid function on offspring neurodevelopment could not be excluded, as data on maternal thyroid function after HSG and during conception were lacking. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS As HSG with oil-based contrast does not affect thyroid function of the offspring, there is no reason to withhold this contrast to infertile women undergoing HSG. Future studies should investigate whether HSG with iodinated contrast influences the periconceptional maternal thyroid function and, consequently, offspring neurodevelopment. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study received no funding. The original H2Oil RCT was an investigator-initiated study that was funded by the two academic institutions (Academic Medical Center and VU University Medical Center) of the Amsterdam UMC. The funders had no role in study design, collection, analysis and intrepretation of the data. I.R. reports receiving travel fee from Guerbet. C.B.L. reports speakers fee from Ferring in the past and research grants from Ferring, Merck and Guerbet. K.D. reports receiving travel fee and speakers fee from Guerbet. B.W.M. is supported by a NHMRC Practitioner Fellowship (GNT1082548). B.W.M. reports consultancy for ObsEva, Merck KGaA and Guerbet and travel and research grants from Merck KGaA and Guerbet. V.M. reports receiving travel fee and speakers fee as well as research grants from Guerbet. The other authors do not report conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Netherlands Trial Register NTR 7526 (Neonates born after the H2Oil study), NTR 3270 (original H2Oil study), www.trialregister.nl.
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Affiliation(s)
- N van Welie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - I Roest
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima MC, De Run 4600, 5504 DB, Veldhoven, the Netherlands
| | - M Portela
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J van Rijswijk
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C Koks
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima MC, De Run 4600, 5504 DB, Veldhoven, the Netherlands
| | - C B Lambalk
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - K Dreyer
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - B W J Mol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Scenic Blvd, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - M J J Finken
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - V Mijatovic
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and lethal tumour of the central nervous system (CNS). GB cells grow rapidly and display a network of projections, ultra-long tumour microtubes (TMs), that mediate cell to cell communication. GB-TMs infiltrate throughout the brain, enwrap neurons and facilitate the depletion of the signalling molecule wingless (Wg)/WNT from the neighbouring healthy neurons. GB cells establish a positive feedback loop including Wg signalling upregulation that activates cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) production, which in turn promote further TMs infiltration, GB progression and neurodegeneration. Thus, cellular and molecular signals other than primary mutations emerge as central players of GB. Using a Drosophila model of GB, we describe the temporal organisation of the main cellular events that occur in GB, including cell-to-cell interactions, neurodegeneration and TM expansion. We define the progressive activation of JNK pathway signalling in GB mediated by the receptor Grindelwald (Grnd) and activated by the ligand Eiger (Egr)/TNFα produced by surrounding healthy brain tissue. We propose that cellular interactions of GB with the healthy brain tissue precede TM expansion and conclude that non-autonomous signals facilitate GB progression. These results contribute to deciphering the complexity and versatility of these incurable tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, 3086 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Teresa Mitchell
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Casas-Tintó
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Abstract
Gliomas are brain tumors originated from glial cells. The most frequent form of glioma is the glioblastoma (GB). This lethal tumor is frequently originated from genetic alterations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and PI3K pathways. Recent results suggest that signaling pathways, other than primary founder mutations, play a central role in GB progression. Some of these signals are depleted by GB cells from healthy neurons via specialized filopodia known as tumor microtubes (TMs). Here, we discuss the contribution of TMs to vampirize wingless/WNT ligand from neurons. In consequence, wingless/WNT pathway is upregulated in GB to promote tumor progression, and the reduction of these signals in neurons causes the reduction of synapse number and neurodegeneration. These processes contribute to neurological defects and premature death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Biochemistry and Genetics Department, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sergio Casas-Tintó
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Portela M. Tumourigenesis: Using Cytonemes to Engage Mesenchymal Cells in Epithelial Tumours. Curr Biol 2020; 30:R441-R443. [PMID: 32428475 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new study in Drosophila shows that inter-tissue communication between epithelial and mesenchymal cells via Notch signalling plays a role in EGFR-driven tumourigenesis of epithelial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
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12
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Portela M, Venkataramani V, Fahey-Lozano N, Seco E, Losada-Perez M, Winkler F, Casas-Tintó S. Glioblastoma cells vampirize WNT from neurons and trigger a JNK/MMP signaling loop that enhances glioblastoma progression and neurodegeneration. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000545. [PMID: 31846454 PMCID: PMC6917273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most lethal brain tumor, and Wingless (Wg)-related integration site (WNT) pathway activation in these tumors is associated with a poor prognosis. Clinically, the disease is characterized by progressive neurological deficits. However, whether these symptoms result from direct or indirect damage to neurons is still unresolved. Using Drosophila and primary xenografts as models of human GB, we describe, here, a mechanism that leads to activation of WNT signaling (Wg in Drosophila) in tumor cells. GB cells display a network of tumor microtubes (TMs) that enwrap neurons, accumulate Wg receptor Frizzled1 (Fz1), and, thereby, deplete Wg from neurons, causing neurodegeneration. We have defined this process as “vampirization.” Furthermore, GB cells establish a positive feedback loop to promote their expansion, in which the Wg pathway activates cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in GB cells, and, in turn, JNK signaling leads to the post-transcriptional up-regulation and accumulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which facilitate TMs’ infiltration throughout the brain, TMs’ network expansion, and further Wg depletion from neurons. Consequently, GB cells proliferate because of the activation of the Wg signaling target, β-catenin, and neurons degenerate because of Wg signaling extinction. Our findings reveal a molecular mechanism for TM production, infiltration, and maintenance that can explain both neuron-dependent tumor progression and also the neural decay associated with GB. Glioblastoma is the most lethal brain tumor and is characterized by progressive neurological deficits. However, whether these symptoms result from direct or indirect damage to neurons is still unresolved. This study shows that glioblastoma cells compete with healthy neurons for survival, depleting the signaling molecule Wg and causing neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (SCT); (MP)
| | - Varun Venkataramani
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Casas-Tintó S, Portela M. Cytonemes, Their Formation, Regulation, and Roles in Signaling and Communication in Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225641. [PMID: 31718063 PMCID: PMC6888727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence during the past two decades shows that cells interconnect and communicate through cytonemes. These cytoskeleton-driven extensions of specialized membrane territories are involved in cell–cell signaling in development, patterning, and differentiation, but also in the maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis, tissue regeneration, and cancer. Brain tumor cells in glioblastoma extend ultralong membrane protrusions (named tumor microtubes, TMs), which contribute to invasion, proliferation, radioresistance, and tumor progression. Here we review the mechanisms underlying cytoneme formation, regulation, and their roles in cell signaling and communication in epithelial cells and other cell types. Furthermore, we discuss the recent discovery of glial cytonemes in the Drosophila glial cells that alter Wingless (Wg)/Frizzled (Fz) signaling between glia and neurons. Research on cytoneme formation, maintenance, and cell signaling mechanisms will help to better understand not only physiological developmental processes and tissue homeostasis but also cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Casas-Tintó
- Instituto Cajal-CSIC. Av. del Doctor Arce, 37. 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.C.-T.); (M.P.); Tel.: +34915854738 (S.C.-T.); +61394792522 (M.P.)
| | - Marta Portela
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.C.-T.); (M.P.); Tel.: +34915854738 (S.C.-T.); +61394792522 (M.P.)
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14
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Fahey-Lozano N, La Marca JE, Portela M, Richardson HE. Drosophila Models of Cell Polarity and Cell Competition in Tumourigenesis. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019; 1167:37-64. [PMID: 31520348 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23629-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell competition is an important surveillance mechanism that measures relative fitness between cells in a tissue during development, homeostasis, and disease. Specifically, cells that are "less fit" (losers) are actively eliminated by relatively "more fit" (winners) neighbours, despite the less fit cells otherwise being able to survive in a genetically uniform tissue. Originally described in the epithelial tissues of Drosophila larval imaginal discs, cell competition has since been shown to occur in other epithelial and non-epithelial Drosophila tissues, as well as in mammalian model systems. Many genes and signalling pathways have been identified as playing conserved roles in the mechanisms of cell competition. Among them are genes required for the establishment and maintenance of apico-basal cell polarity: the Crumbs/Stardust/Patj (Crb/Sdt/Patj), Bazooka/Par-6/atypical Protein Kinase C (Baz/Par-6/aPKC), and Scribbled/Discs large 1/Lethal (2) giant larvae (Scrib/Dlg1/L(2)gl) modules. In this chapter, we describe the concepts and mechanisms of cell competition, with emphasis on the relationship between cell polarity proteins and cell competition, particularly the Scrib/Dlg1/L(2)gl module, since this is the best described module in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Fahey-Lozano
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John E La Marca
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marta Portela
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helena E Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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15
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Portela M, Segura-Collar B, Argudo I, Sáiz A, Gargini R, Sánchez-Gómez P, Casas-Tintó S. Oncogenic dependence of glioma cells on kish/TMEM167A regulation of vesicular trafficking. Glia 2018; 67:404-417. [PMID: 30506943 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetic lesions in glioblastoma (GB) include constitutive activation of PI3K and EGFR pathways to drive cellular proliferation and tumor malignancy. An RNAi genetic screen, performed in Drosophila melanogaster to discover new modulators of GB development, identified a member of the secretory pathway: kish/TMEM167A. Downregulation of kish/TMEM167A impaired fly and human glioma formation and growth, with no effect on normal glia. Glioma cells increased the number of recycling endosomes, and reduced the number of lysosomes. In addition, EGFR vesicular localization was primed toward recycling in glioma cells. kish/TMEM167A downregulation in gliomas restored endosomal system to a physiological state and altered lysosomal function, fueling EGFR toward degradation by the proteasome. These endosomal effects mirrored the endo/lysosomal response of glioma cells to Brefeldin A (BFA), but not the Golgi disruption and the ER collapse, which are associated with the undesirable toxicity of BFA in other cancers. Our results suggest that glioma growth depends on modifications of the vesicle transport system, reliant on kish/TMEM167A. Noncanonical genes in GB could be a key for future therapeutic strategies targeting EGFR-dependent gliomas.
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16
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Caldas B, Aveling EL, Portela M. ISQUA18-2211Implementation of the Brazilian National Patient Safety Program at Public Hospitals: A Qualitative Evaluation. Int J Qual Health Care 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzy167.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Caldas
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E -L Aveling
- Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - M Portela
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública / Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Roesley SNA, La Marca JE, Deans AJ, Mckenzie L, Suryadinata R, Burke P, Portela M, Wang H, Bernard O, Sarcevic B, Richardson HE. Phosphorylation of Drosophila Brahma on CDK-phosphorylation sites is important for cell cycle regulation and differentiation. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1559-1578. [PMID: 29963966 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1493414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complex is an important evolutionarily conserved regulator of cell cycle progression. It associates with the Retinoblastoma (pRb)/HDAC/E2F/DP transcription complex to modulate cell cycle-dependent gene expression. The key catalytic component of the SWI/SNF complex in mammals is the ATPase subunit, Brahma (BRM) or BRG1. BRG1 was previously shown to be phosphorylated by the G1-S phase cell cycle regulatory kinase Cyclin E/CDK2 in vitro, which was associated with the bypass of G1 arrest conferred by BRG1 expression. However, it is unknown whether direct Cyclin E/CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of BRM/BRG1 is important for G1-S phase cell cycle progression and proliferation in vivo. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time the importance of CDK-mediated phosphorylation of Brm in cell proliferation and differentiation in vivo using the Drosophila melanogaster model organism. Expression of a CDK-site phospho-mimic mutant of Brm, brm-ASP (all the potential CDK sites are mutated from Ser/Thr to Asp), which acts genetically as a brm loss-of-function allele, dominantly accelerates progression into the S phase, and bypasses a Retinoblastoma-induced developmental G1 phase arrest in the wing epithelium. Conversely, expression of a CDK-site phospho-blocking mutation of Brm, brm-ALA, acts genetically as a brm gain-of-function mutation, and in a Brm complex compromised background reduces S phase cells. Expression of the brm phospho-mutants also affected differentiation and Decapentaplegic (BMP/TGFβ) signaling in the wing epithelium. Altogether our results show that CDK-mediated phosphorylation of Brm is important in G1-S phase regulation and differentiation in vivo. ABBREVIATIONS A-P: Anterior-Posterior; BAF: BRG1-associated factor; BMP: Bone Morphogenetic Protein; Brg1: Brahma-Related Gene 1; Brm: Brahma; BSA: Bovine Serum Albumin; CDK: Cyclin dependent kinase dpp: decapentaplegic; EdU: 5-Ethynyl 2'-DeoxyUridine; EGFR: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; en: engrailed; GFP: Green Fluorescent Protein; GST: Glutathione-S-Transferase; HDAC: Histone DeACetylase; JNK: c-Jun N-terminal Kinase; Mad: Mothers Against Dpp; MAPK: Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase; MB:: Myelin Basic Protein; nub: nubbin; pH3: phosphorylated Histone H3; PBS: Phosphate Buffered Saline; PBT: PBS Triton; PFA: ParaFormAldehydep; Rb: Retinoblastoma protein; PCV: Posterior Cross-Vein; Snr1: Snf5-Related 1; SWI/SNF: SWitch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable; TGFβ: Transforming Growth Factor β; TUNEL: TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End Labelling; Wg: Wingless; ZNC: Zone of Non-Proliferating Cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Ain Roesley
- a Cell Cycle and Cancer Unit , St Vincent's Medical Institute , Melbourne , Australia.,b Department of Medicine , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.,c Cell Cycle & Development Laboratory , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - John E La Marca
- d Department of Biochemistry & Genetics , La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Andrew J Deans
- b Department of Medicine , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.,e Genome Stability Unit , St Vincent's Medical Institute , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Lisa Mckenzie
- c Cell Cycle & Development Laboratory , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Randy Suryadinata
- a Cell Cycle and Cancer Unit , St Vincent's Medical Institute , Melbourne , Australia.,b Department of Medicine , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Peter Burke
- c Cell Cycle & Development Laboratory , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne , Australia.,d Department of Biochemistry & Genetics , La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Marta Portela
- c Cell Cycle & Development Laboratory , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne , Australia.,d Department of Biochemistry & Genetics , La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Hongyan Wang
- f Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program , Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School , Singapore.,g National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore.,h Department of Physiology , Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Ora Bernard
- b Department of Medicine , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Boris Sarcevic
- a Cell Cycle and Cancer Unit , St Vincent's Medical Institute , Melbourne , Australia.,b Department of Medicine , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Helena E Richardson
- d Department of Biochemistry & Genetics , La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University , Melbourne , Australia.,e Genome Stability Unit , St Vincent's Medical Institute , Melbourne , Australia.,i Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia
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18
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Portela M, Yang L, Paul S, Li X, Veraksa A, Parsons LM, Richardson HE. Lgl reduces endosomal vesicle acidification and Notch signaling by promoting the interaction between Vap33 and the V-ATPase complex. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/533/eaar1976. [PMID: 29871910 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aar1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cell polarity is linked to the control of tissue growth and tumorigenesis. The tumor suppressor and cell polarity protein lethal-2-giant larvae (Lgl) promotes Hippo signaling and inhibits Notch signaling to restrict tissue growth in Drosophila melanogaster Notch signaling is greater in lgl mutant tissue than in wild-type tissue because of increased acidification of endosomal vesicles, which promotes the proteolytic processing and activation of Notch by γ-secretase. We showed that the increased Notch signaling and tissue growth defects of lgl mutant tissue depended on endosomal vesicle acidification mediated by the vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase). Lgl promoted the activity of the V-ATPase by interacting with Vap33 (VAMP-associated protein of 33 kDa). Vap33 physically and genetically interacted with Lgl and V-ATPase subunits and repressed V-ATPase-mediated endosomal vesicle acidification and Notch signaling. Vap33 overexpression reduced the abundance of the V-ATPase component Vha44, whereas Lgl knockdown reduced the binding of Vap33 to the V-ATPase component Vha68-3. Our data indicate that Lgl promotes the binding of Vap33 to the V-ATPase, thus inhibiting V-ATPase-mediated endosomal vesicle acidification and thereby reducing γ-secretase activity, Notch signaling, and tissue growth. Our findings implicate the deregulation of Vap33 and V-ATPase activity in polarity-impaired epithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.,Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Avenida Doctor Arce, 37, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Sayantanee Paul
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Alexey Veraksa
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Linda M Parsons
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Helena E Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia. .,Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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19
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Stephens R, Lim K, Portela M, Kvansakul M, Humbert PO, Richardson HE. The Scribble Cell Polarity Module in the Regulation of Cell Signaling in Tissue Development and Tumorigenesis. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3585-3612. [PMID: 29409995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The Scribble cell polarity module, comprising Scribbled (Scrib), Discs-large (Dlg) and Lethal-2-giant larvae (Lgl), has a tumor suppressive role in mammalian epithelial cancers. The Scribble module proteins play key functions in the establishment and maintenance of different modes of cell polarity, as well as in the control of tissue growth, differentiation and directed cell migration, and therefore are major regulators of tissue development and homeostasis. Whilst molecular details are known regarding the roles of Scribble module proteins in cell polarity regulation, their precise mode of action in the regulation of other key cellular processes remains enigmatic. An accumulating body of evidence indicates that Scribble module proteins play scaffolding roles in the control of various signaling pathways, which are linked to the control of tissue growth, differentiation and cell migration. Multiple Scrib, Dlg and Lgl interacting proteins have been discovered, which are involved in diverse processes, however many function in the regulation of cellular signaling. Herein, we review the components of the Scrib, Dlg and Lgl protein interactomes, and focus on the mechanism by which they regulate cellular signaling pathways in metazoans, and how their disruption leads to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Stephens
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Krystle Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marta Portela
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce, 37, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Marc Kvansakul
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick O Humbert
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Helena E Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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20
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Caria S, Magtoto CM, Samiei T, Portela M, Lim KYB, How JY, Stewart BZ, Humbert PO, Richardson HE, Kvansakul M. Drosophila melanogaster Guk-holder interacts with the Scribbled PDZ1 domain and regulates epithelial development with Scribbled and Discs Large. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4519-4531. [PMID: 29378849 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.817528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell polarity is controlled by components of the Scribble polarity module, and its regulation is critical for tissue architecture and cell proliferation and migration. In Drosophila melanogaster, the adaptor protein Guk-holder (Gukh) binds to the Scribbled (Scrib) and Discs Large (Dlg) components of the Scribble polarity module and plays an important role in the formation of neuromuscular junctions. However, Gukh's role in epithelial tissue formation and the molecular basis for the Scrib-Gukh interaction remain to be defined. We now show using isothermal titration calorimetry that the Scrib PDZ1 domain is the major site for an interaction with Gukh. Furthermore, we defined the structural basis of this interaction by determining the crystal structure of the Scrib PDZ1-Gukh complex. The C-terminal PDZ-binding motif of Gukh is located in the canonical ligand-binding groove of Scrib PDZ1 and utilizes an unusually extensive network of hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions to enable binding to PDZ1 with high affinity. We next examined the role of Gukh along with those of Scrib and Dlg in Drosophila epithelial tissues and found that Gukh is expressed in larval-wing and eye-epithelial tissues and co-localizes with Scrib and Dlg at the apical cell cortex. Importantly, we show that Gukh functions with Scrib and Dlg in the development of Drosophila epithelial tissues, with depletion of Gukh enhancing the eye- and wing-tissue defects caused by Scrib or Dlg depletion. Overall, our findings reveal that Scrib's PDZ1 domain functions in the interaction with Gukh and that the Scrib-Gukh interaction has a key role in epithelial tissue development in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Caria
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086
| | - Charlene M Magtoto
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086.,Cell Cycle and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, and
| | - Tinaz Samiei
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086.,the Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory
| | - Marta Portela
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086.,the Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory
| | - Krystle Y B Lim
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086
| | - Jing Yuan How
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086
| | - Bryce Z Stewart
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086
| | - Patrick O Humbert
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086.,Cell Cycle and Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, and.,the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Pathology, and
| | - Helena E Richardson
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, and.,the Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory.,the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marc Kvansakul
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086,
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21
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Willoughby LF, Manent J, Allan K, Lee H, Portela M, Wiede F, Warr C, Meng TC, Tiganis T, Richardson HE. Differential regulation of protein tyrosine kinase signalling by Dock and the PTP61F variants. FEBS J 2017; 284:2231-2250. [PMID: 28544778 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent signalling is coordinated by the opposing actions of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). There is a growing list of adaptor proteins that interact with PTPs and facilitate the dephosphorylation of substrates. The extent to which any given adaptor confers selectivity for any given substrate in vivo remains unclear. Here we have taken advantage of Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to explore the influence of the SH3/SH2 adaptor protein Dock on the abilities of the membrane (PTP61Fm)- and nuclear (PTP61Fn)-targeted variants of PTP61F (the Drosophila othologue of the mammalian enzymes PTP1B and TCPTP respectively) to repress PTK signalling pathways in vivo. PTP61Fn effectively repressed the eye overgrowth associated with activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), PTK, or the expression of the platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (PVR) or insulin receptor (InR) PTKs. PTP61Fn repressed EGFR and PVR-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling and attenuated PVR-induced STAT92E signalling. By contrast, PTP61Fm effectively repressed EGFR- and PVR-, but not InR-induced tissue overgrowth. Importantly, coexpression of Dock with PTP61F allowed for the efficient repression of the InR-induced eye overgrowth, but did not enhance the PTP61Fm-mediated inhibition of EGFR and PVR-induced signalling. Instead, Dock expression increased, and PTP61Fm coexpression further exacerbated the PVR-induced eye overgrowth. These results demonstrate that Dock selectively enhances the PTP61Fm-mediated attenuation of InR signalling and underscores the specificity of PTPs and the importance of adaptor proteins in regulating PTP function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Manent
- Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten Allan
- Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Han Lee
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, and Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Marta Portela
- Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Florian Wiede
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Coral Warr
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tzu-Ching Meng
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, and Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena E Richardson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
How aberrant cells are removed from a tissue to prevent tumor formation is a key question in cancer biology. Reporting in this issue of Developmental Cell, Vaughen and Igaki (2016) show that a pathway with an important role in neural guidance also directs extrusion of tumor cells from epithelial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena E Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Marta Portela
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce, 37, Madrid 28002, Spain
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Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved neoplastic tumor suppressor protein, Lethal (2) giant larvae (Lgl), plays roles in cell polarity and tissue growth via regulation of the Hippo pathway. In our recent study, we showed that in the developing Drosophila eye epithelium, depletion of Lgl leads to increased ligand-dependent Notch signaling. lgl mutant tissue also exhibits an accumulation of early endosomes, recycling endosomes, early-multivesicular body markers and acidic vesicles. We showed that elevated Notch signaling in lgl(-) tissue can be rescued by feeding larvae the vesicle de-acidifying drug chloroquine, revealing that Lgl attenuates Notch signaling by limiting vesicle acidification. Strikingly, chloroquine also rescued the lgl(-) overgrowth phenotype, suggesting that the Hippo pathway defects were also rescued. In this extraview, we provide additional data on the regulation of Notch signaling and endocytosis by Lgl, and discuss possible mechanisms by which Lgl depletion contributes to signaling pathway defects and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- a Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory; Research Division ; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre ; Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
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Turkel N, Portela M, Poon C, Li J, Brumby AM, Richardson HE. Cooperation of the BTB-Zinc finger protein, Abrupt, with cytoskeletal regulators in Drosophila epithelial tumorigenesis. Biol Open 2015; 4:1024-39. [PMID: 26187947 PMCID: PMC4542289 DOI: 10.1242/bio.012815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The deregulation of cell polarity or cytoskeletal regulators is a common occurrence in human epithelial cancers. Moreover, there is accumulating evidence in human epithelial cancer that BTB-ZF genes, such as Bcl6 and ZBTB7A, are oncogenic. From our previous studies in the vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster, we have identified a cooperative interaction between a mutation in the apico-basal cell polarity regulator Scribble (Scrib) and overexpression of the BTB-ZF protein Abrupt (Ab). Herein, we show that co-expression of ab with actin cytoskeletal regulators, RhoGEF2 or Src64B, in the developing eye-antennal epithelial tissue results in the formation of overgrown amorphous tumours, whereas ab and DRac1 co-expression leads to non-cell autonomous overgrowth. Together with ab, these genes affect the expression of differentiation genes, resulting in tumours locked in a progenitor cell fate. Finally, we show that the expression of two mammalian genes related to ab, Bcl6 and ZBTB7A, which are oncogenes in mammalian epithelial cancers, significantly correlate with the upregulation of cytoskeletal genes or downregulation of apico-basal cell polarity neoplastic tumour suppressor genes in colorectal, lung and other human epithelial cancers. Altogether, this analysis has revealed that upregulation of cytoskeletal regulators cooperate with Abrupt in Drosophila epithelial tumorigenesis, and that high expression of human BTB-ZF genes, Bcl6 and ZBTB7A, shows significant correlations with cytoskeletal and cell polarity gene expression in specific epithelial tumour types. This highlights the need for further investigation of the cooperation between these genes in mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezaket Turkel
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Marta Portela
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Carole Poon
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Jason Li
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Anthony M Brumby
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Helena E Richardson
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
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Parsons LM, Portela M, Grzeschik NA, Richardson HE. Lgl regulates Notch signaling via endocytosis, independently of the apical aPKC-Par6-Baz polarity complex. Curr Biol 2014; 24:2073-2084. [PMID: 25220057 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Drosophila melanogaster junctional neoplastic tumor suppressor, Lethal-2-giant larvae (Lgl), is a regulator of apicobasal cell polarity and tissue growth. We have previously shown in the developing Drosophila eye epithelium that, without affecting cell polarity, depletion of Lgl results in ectopic cell proliferation and blockage of developmental cell death due to deregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway. RESULTS Here, we show that Notch signaling is increased in lgl-depleted eye tissue, independently of Lgl's function in apicobasal cell polarity. The upregulation of Notch signaling is ligand dependent and correlates with accumulation of cleaved Notch. Concomitant with higher cleaved Notch levels in lgl- tissue, early endosomes (Avalanche [Avl+]), recycling endosomes (Rab11+), early multivesicular bodies (Hrs+), and acidified vesicles, but not late endosomal markers (Car+ and Rab7+), accumulate. Colocalization studies revealed that Lgl associates with early to late endosomes and lysosomes. Upregulation of Notch signaling in lgl- tissue requires dynamin- and Rab5-mediated endocytosis and vesicle acidification but is independent of Hrs/Stam or Rab11 activity. Furthermore, Lgl regulates Notch signaling independently of the aPKC-Par6-Baz apical polarity complex. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data show that Lgl regulates endocytosis to restrict vesicle acidification and prevent ectopic ligand-dependent Notch signaling. This Lgl function is independent of the aPKC-Par6-Baz polarity complex and uncovers a novel attenuation mechanism of ligand-activated Notch signaling during Drosophila eye development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Parsons
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 7 St. Andrew's Place, East Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Grattan Street, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Marta Portela
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 7 St. Andrew's Place, East Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Nicola A Grzeschik
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 7 St. Andrew's Place, East Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Helena E Richardson
- Cell Cycle and Development Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 7 St. Andrew's Place, East Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 7 St. Andrew's Place, East Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Grattan Street, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, 1-100 Grattan Street, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Merino M, Rhiner C, Portela M, Moreno E. “Fitness Fingerprints” Mediate Physiological Culling of Unwanted Neurons in Drosophila. Curr Biol 2013; 23:1300-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dias N, Santos C, Portela M, Lima N. Toenail Onychomycosis in a Portuguese Geriatric Population. Mycopathologia 2011; 172:55-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-011-9402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Morales N, Diaz M, Ruiz J, Portela M, Martinez M, Ruiz F, Lloret J, Lucas M, Mayordomo A, Fraguas D. Differences in antipsychotic combination (monotherapy versus polytherapy) between patients with schizophrenia and patients with other psychoses. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAntipsychotic therapy is the cornerstone of the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychoses. Although clinical guidelines tend to recommend the use of antipsychotics in monotherapy, combination of two or more antipsychotics (that is, polytherapy) is a common habit in clinical practice.ObjectivesTo assess differences in antipsychotic combination profile between patients with schizophrenia and patients with other psychoses.MethodsA total of 241 patients (40.2% females, mean age 39.7+/−13.0 years) consecutively admitted during 2009 to a psychiatric inpatient ward with diagnosis of schizophrenia and other psychoses were assessed.Results145 (60.2%) patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia while 96 patients (39.8%) were diagnosed with other psychoses (schizoaffective disorder n = 35, delusional disorder n = 8, schizophreniform disorder n = 8, brief psychotic disorder n = 13, psychotic disorder not otherwise specified n = 27, and other psychoses n = 5). Out of the total sample, polytherapy was used in 150 (62.2%) patients. A total of 100 (69.0%) patients with schizophrenia were on polytherapy, compared to 52.1% of those with other psychoses (p = 0.008). After controlling for age and gender, the association between a diagnosis of schizophrenia and being in polytherapy remained significant (p = 0.046).ConclusionsPatients diagnosed with schizophrenia are more prone to be in polytherapy than those with other psychoses.
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Ruiz J, Iniesta E, Portela M, Nieto K, Romero P, Tolosa M, Moreno I, Domato M, Fraguas D. Involuntary admission in psychiatric inpatient ward is related to antipsychotic polytherapy. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72499-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionInvoluntary admission of mentally ill patients tends to be related to clinical severity and worst therapeutic response.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether there is a relationship between involuntary admission and prescription of two or more antipsychotics (that is, polytherapy) among patients with schizophrenia and other psychosis.MethodsA total of 241 patients (40.2% females, mean age 39.7+/−13.0 years) consecutively admitted during 2009 to a psychiatric inpatient ward with diagnosis of schizophrenia and other psychoses were assessed.ResultsOut of the total sample, 150 (62.2%) patients were on polytherapy, and of the 241 patients 134 (55.6%) were involuntarily admitted. Involuntary admission was unrelated to age (p = 0.335), specific diagnosis (p = 0.452), or length of psychosis (p = 0.234). On the contrary, it was related to gender (61.8% of males vs. 46.4% of females were involuntary, p = 0.018) and to polytherapy/monotherapy prescription (62.0% of patients on polytherapy vs. 45.1% of patients on monotherapy were involuntarily admitted; and 53.3% of voluntary patients vs. 69.4% of involuntary were on polytherapy p = 0.010). After controlling for age, gender, specific diagnosis and length of psychosis the association between involuntary admission and being in polytherapy remained significant (p = 0.047).ConclusionsPatients involuntarily admitted are more prone to be on antipsychotic polytherapy.
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Portela M, Casas-Tinto S, Rhiner C, López-Gay JM, Domínguez O, Soldini D, Moreno E. Drosophila SPARC Is a Self-Protective Signal Expressed by Loser Cells during Cell Competition. Dev Cell 2010; 19:562-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Pons-Estel BA, Sánchez-Guerrero J, Romero-Díaz J, Iglesias-Gamarra A, Bonfa E, Borba EF, Shinjo SK, Bernatsky S, Clarke A, García MA, Marcos JC, Duarte A, Berbotto GA, Scherbarth H, Marques CD, Onetti L, Saurit V, Souza AWS, Velozo E, Catoggio LJ, Neira O, Burgos PI, Ramirez LA, Molina JF, De La Torre IG, Silvariño R, Manni JA, Durán-Barragán S, Vilá LM, Fortin PR, Calvo-Alén J, Santos MJ, Portela M, Esteva-Spinetti MH, Weisman M, Acevedo EM, Segami MI, Gentiletti SB, Roldán J, Navarro I, Gonzalez E, Liu JM, Karlson EW, Costenbader KH, Wolfe F, Alarcón GS. Validation of the Spanish, Portuguese and French versions of the Lupus Damage Index questionnaire: data from North and South America, Spain and Portugal. Lupus 2010; 18:1033-52. [PMID: 19762375 DOI: 10.1177/0961203309105590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We have previously developed and validated a self-administered questionnaire, modelled after the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Damage Index (SDI), the Lupus Damage Index Questionnaire (LDIQ), which may allow the ascertainment of this construct in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients followed in the community and thus expand observations made about damage. We have now translated, back-translated and adapted the LDIQ to Spanish, Portuguese and French and applied it to patients followed at academic and non-academic centres in North and South America, Portugal and Spain while their physicians scored the SDI. A total of 887 patients (659 Spanish-speaking, 140 Portuguese-speaking and 80 French-speaking patients) and 40 physicians participated. Overall, patients scored all LDIQ versions higher than their physicians (total score and all domains). Infrequent manifestations had less optimal clinimetric properties but overall agreement was more than 95% for the majority of items. Higher correlations were observed among the Spanish-speaking patients than the Portuguese-speaking and French-speaking patients; further adjustments may be needed before the Portuguese and French versions of the LDIQ are applied in community-based studies. The relationship between the LDIQ and other outcome parameters is currently being investigated in a different patient sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Pons-Estel
- Grupo Latíno Americano de Estudio de Lupus or Latin America Group for the Study of Lupus, Rosario, Argentina
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Ziv O, Suissa Y, Neuman H, Dinur T, Geuking P, Rhiner C, Portela M, Lolo F, Moreno E, Gerlitz O. The co-regulator dNAB interacts with Brinker to eliminate cells with reduced Dpp signaling. Development 2009; 136:1137-45. [PMID: 19270172 DOI: 10.1242/dev.032383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The proper development of tissues requires morphogen activity that dictates the appropriate growth and differentiation of each cell according to its position within a developing field. Elimination of underperforming cells that are less efficient in receiving/transducing the morphogenetic signal is thought to provide a general fail-safe mechanism to avoid developmental misspecification. In the developing Drosophila wing, the morphogen Dpp provides cells with growth and survival cues. Much of the regulation of transcriptional output by Dpp is mediated through repression of the transcriptional repressor Brinker (Brk), and thus through the activation of target genes. Mutant cells impaired for Dpp reception or transduction are lost from the wing epithelium. At the molecular level, reduced Dpp signaling results in Brk upregulation that triggers apoptosis through activation of the JNK pathway. Here we show that the transcriptional co-regulator dNAB is a Dpp target in the developing wing that interacts with Brk to eliminate cells with reduced Dpp signaling through the JNK pathway. We further show that both dNAB and Brk are required for cell elimination induced by differential dMyc expression, a process that depends on reduced Dpp transduction in outcompeted cells. We propose a novel mechanism whereby the morphogen Dpp regulates the responsiveness to its own survival signal by inversely controlling the expression of a repressor, Brk, and its co-repressor, dNAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Ziv
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Rhiner C, Díaz B, Portela M, Poyatos JF, Fernández-Ruiz I, López-Gay JM, Gerlitz O, Moreno E. Persistent competition among stem cells and their daughters in the Drosophila ovary germline niche. Development 2009; 136:995-1006. [PMID: 19211674 DOI: 10.1242/dev.033340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell competition is a short-range cell-cell interaction leading to the proliferation of winner cells at the expense of losers, although either cell type shows normal growth in homotypic environments. Drosophila Myc (dMyc; Dm-FlyBase) is a potent inducer of cell competition in wing epithelia, but its role in the ovary germline stem cell niche is unknown. Here, we show that germline stem cells (GSCs) with relative lower levels of dMyc are replaced by GSCs with higher levels of dMyc. By contrast, dMyc-overexpressing GSCs outcompete wild-type stem cells without affecting total stem cell numbers. We also provide evidence for a naturally occurring cell competition border formed by high dMyc-expressing stem cells and low dMyc-expressing progeny, which may facilitate the concentration of the niche-provided self-renewal factor BMP/Dpp in metabolically active high dMyc stem cells. Genetic manipulations that impose uniform dMyc levels across the germline produce an extended Dpp signaling domain and cause uncoordinated differentiation events. We propose that dMyc-induced competition plays a dual role in regulating optimal stem cell pools and sharp differentiation boundaries, but is potentially harmful in the case of emerging dmyc duplications that facilitate niche occupancy by pre-cancerous stem cells. Moreover, competitive interactions among stem cells may be relevant for the successful application of stem cell therapies in humans.
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Soufir N, Gerard B, Portela M, Brice A, Liboutet M, Saiag P, Descamps V, Kerob D, Wolkenstein P, Gorin I, Lebbe C, Dupin N, Crickx B, Basset-Seguin N, Grandchamp B. PTCH mutations and deletions in patients with typical nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome and in patients with a suspected genetic predisposition to basal cell carcinoma: a French study. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:548-53. [PMID: 16909134 PMCID: PMC2360669 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The patched (PTCH) mutation rate in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) reported in various studies ranges from 40 to 80%. However, few studies have investigated the role of PTCH in clinical conditions suggesting an inherited predisposition to basal cell carcinoma (BCC), although it has been suggested that PTCH polymorphisms could predispose to multiple BCC (MBCC). In this study, we therefore performed an exhaustive analysis of PTCH (mutations detection and deletion analysis) in 17 patients with the full complement of criteria for NBCCS (14 sporadic and three familial cases), and in 48 patients suspected of having a genetic predisposition to BCC (MBCC and/or age at diagnosis ⩽40 years and/or familial BCC). Eleven new germline alterations of the PTCH gene were characterised in 12 out of 17 patients harbouring the full complement of criteria for the syndrome (70%). These were frameshift mutations in five patients, nonsense mutations in five patients, a small inframe deletion in one patient, and a large germline deletion in another patient. Only one missense mutation (G774R) was found, and this was in a patient affected with MBCC, but without any other NBCCS criterion. We therefore suggest that patients harbouring the full complement of NBCCS criteria should as a priority be screened for PTCH mutations by sequencing, followed by a deletion analysis if no mutation is detected. In other clinical situations that suggest genetic predisposition to BCC, germline mutations of PTCH are not common.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Soufir
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Hormonale et Génétique, IFR-02, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, Faculté de Médecine Paris VII, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
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Soufir N, Gerard B, Portela M, Liboutet M, Wolkenstein P, Saiag P, Descamps V, Kerob D, Gorin I, Lebbe C, Dupin N, Crickx B, Grandchamp B, Basset-Seguin N. C35 - Anomalies germinales du gène patched chez les sujets à risque de carcinomes basocellulaires : indications du test génétique. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(05)79656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Portela M, Spica T, Gerard B, Descamps V, Dupin N, Wolkenstein P, Vitoux D, Lebbe C, Saiag P, Basset-Seguin N, Fargnoli M, Perris K, Grandchamp B, Soufir N, Melancohort. C94 - Polymorphisme ala148thr du gène cdkn2a et susceptibilité au mélanome : résultats d’une double étude française et italienne. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(05)79715-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Acuña K, Portela M, Costa-Matos A, Bora L, Teles MR, Waitzberg DL, Cruz T. Nutritional assessment of adult patients admitted to a hospital of the Amazon region. NUTR HOSP 2003; 18:138-46. [PMID: 12875089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Changes in nutritional status are important in clinical practice because they relate to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Studies about nutritional problems in hospitalized adults have been reported since the 1970s. The prevalence of malnutrition has varied from 10 to 70%, depending on the diagnostic criteria used. The hospital studied and the duration of admission. AIM To assess, in the first day of hospital stay, the nutritional status of adults admitted to undergo elective surgery in a public hospital of the State of Acre, Amazon Region, Brazil. STUDY DESIGN Sectional study from April 7 to May 22, 2002. PATIENTS AND METHODS 155 consecutive nutritional evaluations were performed using several parameters-global subjective assessment (GSA), anthropometric measurement and some laboratory tests. For the diagnosis of malnutrition the Index Suggestive of Malnutrition (ISM), as proposed by Waitzberg, was adopted. In the evaluation of obesity the BMI (Body Mass Index), with cutoffs suggested by WHO was used. RESULTS 75.2% were women. Average age was 34.4 +/- 10.1 years. Mulatto (63.1%) was the prevailing racial group. Gynecological (43.6%) was the most frequent surgery. ISM disclosed a 12.1% prevalence of malnutrition. BMI classified 2.0% of the patients as grade I overweight and 15.4% as being obese. Among 76 patients classified as normal by BMI, 15 (19.7%) were considered malnourished by ISM criteria. Concordance between ISM and BMI was weak (k = 0.07). GSA classified 100% of the cases as well nourished. CONCLUSION Lack of a golden standard to make the diagnosis of changes in nutritional status has been one of the determinants of the wide variations observed in the pertinent literature and it has hindered valid comparisons. The present study suggests that BMI should be used as an indicator of proportion and not of nutritional status. GSA underestimates the diagnosis of malnutrition. This paper concludes that establishing uniform standards for diagnostic criteria for malnutrition is urgently required and suggests preferring IMS (Index Suggestive of Malnutrition) because of its easy use, low coast and high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Acuña
- Department of the Science of Nutrition, Nutrition School, Bahia Federal University, Brasil.
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Santos M, Pajares G, Portela M, de la Cruz JM. A New Wavelets Image Fusion Strategy. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-44871-6_106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Requena I, Arias M, Pardo J, Portela M, Alvarez JA. [Syndromes of continuous muscular activity: report of a central case (stiff-man) and a peripheral case (neuromyotonia) associated with neuroborreliosis]. Rev Neurol 1995; 23:129-33. [PMID: 8548606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe two cases of continuous muscular activity: one which is central (the stiff-man syndrome), and another which is peripheral (neuromiotony), the latter in a patient suffering from diabetic neuropathy and with positive Borrellia burgdorferi serology in the bloodstream, as well as CSF. Both cases reacted favourably to medical treatment. In the first case botulinic toxin was used as a simultaneous treatment for focal pseudodystonia in one foot. Response was good.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Requena
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS
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