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Ganci F, Allegretti M, Frascolla C, Spinella F, Rollo F, Sacconi A, De Pascale V, Palcau AC, Manciocco V, Vescovo M, Cotroneo E, Blandino F, Benevolo M, Covello R, Muti P, Strano S, Vidiri A, Fontemaggi G, Pellini R, Blandino G. Correction: Combined TP53 status in tumor-free resection margins and circulating microRNA profiling predicts the risk of locoregional recurrence in head and neck cancer. Biomark Res 2024; 12:37. [PMID: 38532476 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Frascolla
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Spinella
- Department of Research and Development, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rollo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina De Pascale
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alina Catalina Palcau
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariavittoria Vescovo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Cotroneo
- Clinical and Technical Department Management, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Blandino
- Department of Research and Development, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Benevolo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Covello
- Clinical and Technical Department Management, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Vidiri
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Ganci F, Allegretti M, Frascolla C, Spinella F, Rollo F, Sacconi A, Valentina PD, Palcau AC, Manciocco V, Vescovo M, Cotroneo E, Blandino F, Benevolo M, Covello R, Muti P, Strano S, Vidiri A, Fontemaggi G, Pellini R, Blandino G. Combined TP53 status in tumor-free resection margins and circulating microRNA profiling predicts the risk of locoregional recurrence in head and neck cancer. Biomark Res 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38444004 PMCID: PMC10916059 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00576-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Locoregional recurrences represent a frequently unexpected problem in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Relapse often (10-30%) occurs in patients with histologically negative resection margins (RMs), probably due to residual tumor cells or hidden pre-cancerous lesions in normal mucosa, both missed by histopathological examination. Therefore, definition of a 'clean' or tumor-negative RM is controversial, demanding for novel approaches to be accurately explored. Here, we evaluated next generation sequencing (NGS) and digital PCR (dPCR) as tools to profile TP53 mutational status and circulating microRNA expression aiming at scoring the locoregional risk of recurrence by means of molecular analyses. Serial monitoring of these biomarkers allowed identifying patients at high risk, laying the ground for accurate tracking of disease evolution and potential intensification of post-operative treatments. Additionally, our pipeline demonstrated its applicability into the clinical routine, being cost-effective and feasible in terms of patient sampling, holding promise to accurately (re)-stage RMs in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Frascolla
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Spinella
- Department of Research and Development, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rollo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Pascale De Valentina
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alina Catalina Palcau
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariavittoria Vescovo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Cotroneo
- Clinical and Technical Department Management, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Blandino
- Department of Research and Development, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Benevolo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Covello
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Vidiri
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Pileri T, Sinibaldi A, Occhicone A, Danz N, Giordani E, Allegretti M, Sonntag F, Munzert P, Giacomini P, Michelotti F. Direct competitive assay for HER2 detection in human plasma using Bloch surface wave-based biosensors. Anal Biochem 2024; 684:115374. [PMID: 37914005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The overexpression and/or amplification of the HER2/neu oncogene has been proposed as a prognostic marker in breast cancer. The detection of the related peptide HER2 remains a grand challenge in cancer diagnosis and for therapeutic decision-making. Here, we used a biosensing device based on Bloch Surface Waves excited on a one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) as valid alternative to standard techniques. The 1DPC was optimized to operate in the visible spectrum and the biosensor optics has been designed to combine label-free and fluorescence operation modes. This feature enables a real-time monitoring of a direct competitive assay using detection mAbs conjugated with quantum dots for an accurate discrimination in fluorescence mode between HER2-positive/negative human plasma samples. Such a competitive assay was implemented using patterned alternating areas where HER2-Fc chimera and reference molecules were bio-conjugated and monitored in a multiplexed way. By combining Label-Free and fluorescence detection analysis, we were able to tune the parameters of the assay and provide an HER2 detection in human plasma in less than 20 min, allowing for a cost-effective assay and rapid turnaround time. The proposed approach offers a promising technique capable of performing combined label-free and fluorescence detection for both diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Pileri
- SAPIENZA Università di Roma, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Via A. Scarpa, 16, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Alberto Sinibaldi
- SAPIENZA Università di Roma, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Via A. Scarpa, 16, 00161, Roma, Italy; Center for Life Nano and Neuro Science, Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Agostino Occhicone
- SAPIENZA Università di Roma, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Via A. Scarpa, 16, 00161, Roma, Italy; Center for Life Nano and Neuro Science, Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Norbert Danz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, A.-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Elena Giordani
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Frank Sonntag
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Winterbergstr. 28, 01277, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Munzert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, A.-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Michelotti
- SAPIENZA Università di Roma, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Via A. Scarpa, 16, 00161, Roma, Italy; Center for Life Nano and Neuro Science, Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Sacconi A, Muti P, Pulito C, Urbani G, Allegretti M, Pellini R, Mehterov N, Ben-David U, Strano S, Bossi P, Blandino G. Immunosignatures associated with TP53 status and co-mutations classify prognostically head and neck cancer patients. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:192. [PMID: 38031025 PMCID: PMC10687972 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a therapeutic strategy for various cancers although only a subset of patients respond to the therapy. Identifying patients more prone to respond to ICIs may increase the therapeutic benefit and allow studying new approaches for resistant patients. METHODS We analyzed the TCGA cohort of HNSCC patients in relation to their activation of 26 immune gene expression signatures, as well as their cell type composition, in order to define signaling pathways associated with resistance to ICIs. Results were validated on two cohorts of 102 HNSCC patients and 139 HNSCC patients under treatment with PD-L1 inhibitors, respectively, and a cohort of 108 HNSCC HPV negative patients and by in vitro experiments in HNSCC cell lines. RESULTS We observed a significant association between the gene set and TP53 gene status and OS and PFS of HNSCC patients. Surprisingly, the presence of a TP53 mutation together with another co-driver mutation was associated with significantly higher levels of the immune gene expression, in comparison to tumors in which the TP53 gene was mutated alone. In addition, the higher level of TP53 mutated-dependent MYC signature was associated with lower levels of the immune gene expression signature. In vitro and three different patient cohorts validation analyses corroborated these findings. CONCLUSIONS Immune gene signature sets associated with TP53 status and co-mutations classify with more accuracy HNSCC patients. These biomarkers may be easily implemented in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sacconi
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical Science and Oral Health, Milan University, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dental Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Giulia Urbani
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plodvid, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Uri Ben-David
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Bossi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy.
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Cristiano C, Giorgio C, Cocchiaro P, Boccella S, Cesta MC, Castelli V, Liguori FM, Cuozzo MR, Brandolini L, Russo R, Allegretti M. Inhibition of C5aR1 as a promising approach to treat taxane-induced neuropathy. Cytokine 2023; 171:156370. [PMID: 37722320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of several antitumor agents resulting in progressive and often irreversible damage of peripheral nerves. In addition to their known anticancer effects, taxanes, including paclitaxel, can also induce peripheral neuropathy by activating microglia and astrocytes, which release pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL-2). All these events contribute to the maintenance of neuropathic or inflammatory response. Complement component 5a (C5a)/C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) signaling was very recently shown to play a crucial role in paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Our recent findings highlighted that taxanes have the previously unreported property of binding and activating C5aR1, and that C5aR1 inhibition by DF3966A is effective in preventing paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) in animal models. Here, we investigated if C5aR1 inhibition maintains efficacy in reducing PIPN in a therapeutic setting. Furthermore, we characterized the role of C5aR1 activation by paclitaxel and the CIPN-associated activation of nod-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Our results clearly show that administration of the C5aR1 inhibitor strongly reduced cold and mechanical allodynia in mice when given both during the onset of PIPN and when neuropathy is well established. C5aR1 activation by paclitaxel was found to be a key event in the induction of inflammatory factors in spinal cord, such as TNF-α, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). In addition, C5aR1 inhibition significantly mitigated paclitaxel-induced inflammation and inflammasome activation by reducing IL-1β and NLRP3 expression at both sciatic and dorsal root ganglia level, confirming the involvement of inflammasome in PIPN. Moreover, paclitaxel-induced upregulation of C5aR1 was significantly reduced by DF3966A treatment in central nervous system. Lastly, the antinociceptive effect of C5aR1 inhibition was confirmed in an in vitro model of sensory neurons in which we focused on receptor channels usually activated upon neuropathy. In conclusion, C5aR1 inhibition is proposed as a therapeutic option with the potential to exert long-term protective effect on PIPN-associated neuropathic pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - C Giorgio
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - P Cocchiaro
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - S Boccella
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M C Cesta
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - V Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F M Liguori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M R Cuozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - L Brandolini
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - R Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M Allegretti
- Dompé farmaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
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6
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Giacomini P, Valenti F, Allegretti M, Pallocca M, De Nicola F, Ciuffreda L, Fanciulli M, Scalera S, Buglioni S, Melucci E, Casini B, Carosi M, Pescarmona E, Giordani E, Sperati F, Jannitti N, Betti M, Maugeri-Saccà M, Cecere FL, Villani V, Pace A, Appetecchia M, Vici P, Savarese A, Krasniqi E, Ferraresi V, Russillo M, Fabi A, Landi L, Minuti G, Cappuzzo F, Zeuli M, Ciliberto G. The Molecular Tumor Board of the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute: from accrual to treatment in real-world. J Transl Med 2023; 21:725. [PMID: 37845764 PMCID: PMC10577953 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular Tumor Boards (MTB) operating in real-world have generated limited consensus on good practices for accrual, actionable alteration mapping, and outcome metrics. These topics are addressed herein in 124 MTB patients, all real-world accrued at progression, and lacking approved therapy options. METHODS Actionable genomic alterations identified by tumor DNA (tDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling were mapped by customized OncoKB criteria to reflect diagnostic/therapeutic indications as approved in Europe. Alterations were considered non-SoC when mapped at either OncoKB level 3, regardless of tDNA/ctDNA origin, or at OncoKB levels 1/2, provided they were undetectable in matched tDNA, and had not been exploited in previous therapy lines. RESULTS Altogether, actionable alterations were detected in 54/124 (43.5%) MTB patients, but only in 39 cases (31%) were these alterations (25 from tDNA, 14 from ctDNA) actionable/unexploited, e.g. they had not resulted in the assignment of pre-MTB treatments. Interestingly, actionable and actionable/unexploited alterations both decreased (37.5% and 22.7% respectively) in a subset of 88 MTB patients profiled by tDNA-only, but increased considerably (77.7% and 66.7%) in 18 distinct patients undergoing combined tDNA/ctDNA testing, approaching the potential treatment opportunities (76.9%) in 147 treatment-naïve patients undergoing routine tDNA profiling for the first time. Non-SoC therapy was MTB-recommended to all 39 patients with actionable/unexploited alterations, but only 22 (56%) accessed the applicable drug, mainly due to clinical deterioration, lengthy drug-gathering procedures, and geographical distance from recruiting clinical trials. Partial response and stable disease were recorded in 8 and 7 of 19 evaluable patients, respectively. The time to progression (TTP) ratio (MTB-recommended treatment vs last pre-MTB treatment) exceeded the conventional Von Hoff 1.3 cut-off in 9/19 cases, high absolute TTP and Von Hoff values coinciding in 3 cases. Retrospectively, 8 patients receiving post-MTB treatment(s) as per physician's choice were noted to have a much longer overall survival from MTB accrual than 11 patients who had received no further treatment (35.09 vs 6.67 months, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS MTB-recommended/non-SoC treatments are effective, including those assigned by ctDNA-only alterations. However, real-world MTBs may inadvertently recruit patients electively susceptible to diverse and/or multiple treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizio Giacomini
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio Valenti
- UOC Translational Oncology Research, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- UOC Translational Oncology Research, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ciuffreda
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Melucci
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Casini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Carosi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Giordani
- UOC Translational Oncology Research, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sperati
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Jannitti
- Pharmacy Unit, Medical Direction, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute and San Gallicano Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Betti
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Villani
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Appetecchia
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Phase IV Studies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Savarese
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Eriseld Krasniqi
- Phase IV Studies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Ferraresi
- Sarcomas and Rare Tumors Departmental Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Russillo
- Sarcomas and Rare Tumors Departmental Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Precision Medicine Unit in Senology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Landi
- Clinical Trial Center: Phase 1 and Precision Medicine, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Minuti
- Clinical Trial Center: Phase 1 and Precision Medicine, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeuli
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
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7
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Cerbelli B, Pisano A, Pignataro MG, Pernazza A, Botticelli A, Carosi M, Costarelli L, Allegretti M, d'Amati G, Cordone I. Overexpression in metastatic breast cancer supports Syndecan-1 as a marker of invasiveness and poor prognosis. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1641-1647. [PMID: 36088392 PMCID: PMC10460700 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the main cause of breast cancer (BC) mortality. Increasing evidence points to a role of syndecan-1 (CD138) expression as a prognostic marker involved in BC tissue and leptomeningeal metastasis. Aim of this study was to investigate and compare syndecan-1 tissue expression and localization in primary and secondary BC, focusing on brain metastases. METHODS Syndecan-1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Focal vs diffuse (< or > 50% of cancer cells, respectively) pattern of expression, cellular localization (cytoplasm vs membrane) and intensity of immunostaining on neoplastic cells were evaluated. Moreover, the extent and pattern of expression of syndecan-1 were compared between primary tumors and paired metastases and correlated with the tumor intrinsic subtype. RESULTS A total of 23 cases, 10 with paired primary and metastatic tumor and 13 brain metastases, were evaluated. Syndecan-1 was expressed in both primary and metastatic BC. A diffuse cytoplasmic expression was observed in most primary BCs; by contrast, all metastatic lesions showed a membrane pattern of expression, suggesting a shift in cellular localization of syndecan-1 during the metastatic process. Concerning the extent of expression, we observed in metastatic lesions, a trend of association between intrinsic subtypes and extent of positivity. In particular, both BC characterized by overexpression of HER2 and triple-negative tumors were correlated with a diffuse pattern of expression with a moderate to strong intensity. CONCLUSION A diffuse cytoplasmic expression was observed in most primary BCs; by contrast, all metastatic lesions showed a membrane pattern of expression, suggesting a shift in cellular localization of syndecan-1 during the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Cerbelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Annalinda Pisano
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gemma Pignataro
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelina Pernazza
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Carosi
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Allegretti
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia d'Amati
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Iole Cordone
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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8
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Allegretti M, Barberi V, Ercolani C, Vidiri A, Giordani E, Ciliberto G, Giacomini P, Fabi A. Unusual phylogenetic tree and circulating actionable ESR1 mutations in an aggressive luminal/HER2-low breast cancer: Case report. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1050452. [PMID: 36713585 PMCID: PMC9874630 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1050452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Under therapeutic pressure aggressive tumors evolve rapidly. Herein, a luminal B/HER2-low breast cancer was tracked for >3 years during a total of 6 largely unsuccessful therapy lines, from adjuvant to advanced settings. Targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) of the primary lesion, two metastases and 14 blood drawings suggested a striking, unprecedented coexistence of three evolution modes: punctuated, branched and convergent. Punctuated evolution of the trunk was supported by en bloc inheritance of a large set (19 distinct genes) of copy number alterations. Branched evolution was supported by the distribution of site-specific SNVs. Convergent evolution was characterized by a unique asynchronous expansion of three actionable (OncoKB level 3A) mutations at two consecutive ESR1 codons. Low or undetectable in all the sampled tumor tissues, ESR1 mutations expanded rapidly in blood during HER2/hormone double-blockade, and predicted life-threatening local progression at lung and liver metastatic foci. Dramatic clinical response to Fulvestrant (assigned off-label exclusively based on liquid biopsy) was associated with clearance of all 3 subclones and was in stark contrast to the poor therapeutic efficacy reported in large liquid biopsy-informed interventional trials. Altogether, deconvolution of the tumor phylogenetic tree, as shown herein, may help to customize treatment in breast cancers that rapidly develop refractoriness to multiple drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Allegretti
- Translational Oncology Research, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Barberi
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonello Vidiri
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Giordani
- Translational Oncology Research, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Directorate, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Clinical Trial Center, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Patrizio Giacomini,
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Precision Medicine in Senology, Scientific Directorate - Department of Women and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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9
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Zimmerli CE, Allegretti M, Rantos V, Goetz SK, Obarska-Kosinska A, Zagoriy I, Halavatyi A, Hummer G, Mahamid J, Kosinski J, Beck M. Nuclear pores dilate and constrict in cellulo. Science 2021; 374:eabd9776. [PMID: 34762489 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd9776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Zimmerli
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vasileios Rantos
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,EMBL Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sara K Goetz
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Obarska-Kosinska
- Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,EMBL Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ievgeniia Zagoriy
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gerhard Hummer
- Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Mahamid
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Kosinski
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,EMBL Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Beck
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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10
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Allegretti M, Fabi A, Giordani E, Ercolani C, Romania P, Nisticò C, Gasparro S, Barberi V, Ciolina M, Pescarmona E, Giannarelli D, Ciliberto G, Cognetti F, Giacomini P. Liquid biopsy identifies actionable dynamic predictors of resistance to Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1) in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:151. [PMID: 34839818 PMCID: PMC8628389 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Present Address: Precision Medicine Breast Cancer Unit, Scientific Directorate, Health of Woman and Child Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Giordani
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Romania
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Nisticò
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Gasparro
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Barberi
- Specialization School in Oncology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Ciolina
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Diana Giannarelli
- Biostatistical Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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11
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Tremante E, Sibilio L, Centola F, Knutti N, Holzapfel G, Manni I, Allegretti M, Lombardi P, Salvo G, Cecchetelli L, Friedrich K, Bertram J, Giacomini P. [Corrigendum] TOOLBOX: Strep‑Tagged nano‑assemblies of antibody‑drug‑conjugates (ADC) for modular and conditional cancer drugging. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:159. [PMID: 34261292 PMCID: PMC8201452 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tremante
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Nadine Knutti
- University Hospital Jena, Institute of Biochemistry II, D‑07740 Jena, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Manni
- SAFU, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
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12
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Bellassai N, D’Agata R, Marti A, Rozzi A, Volpi S, Allegretti M, Corradini R, Giacomini P, Huskens J, Spoto G. Detection of Tumor DNA in Human Plasma with a Functional PLL-Based Surface Layer and Plasmonic Biosensing. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2307-2319. [PMID: 34032412 PMCID: PMC8294610 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Standard protocols for the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) include the isolation of DNA from the patient's plasma and its amplification and analysis in buffered solutions. The application of such protocols is hampered by several factors, including the complexity and time-constrained preanalytical procedures, risks for sample contamination, extended analysis time, and assay costs. A recently introduced nanoparticle-enhanced surface plasmon resonance imaging-based assay has been shown to simplify procedures for the direct detection of tumor DNA in the patient's plasma, greatly simplifying the cumbersome preanalytical phase. To further simplify the protocol, a new dual-functional low-fouling poly-l-lysine (PLL)-based surface layer has been introduced that is described herein. The new PLL-based layer includes a densely immobilized CEEEEE oligopeptide to create a charge-balanced system preventing the nonspecific adsorption of plasma components on the sensor surface. The layer also comprises sparsely attached peptide nucleic acid probes complementary to the sequence of circulating DNA, e.g., the analyte that has to be captured in the plasma from cancer patients. We thoroughly investigated the contribution of each component of the dual-functional polymer to the antifouling properties of the surface layer. The low-fouling property of the new surface layer allowed us to detect wild-type and KRAS p.G12D-mutated DNA in human plasma at the attomolar level (∼2.5 aM) and KRAS p.G13D-mutated tumor DNA in liquid biopsy from a cancer patient with almost no preanalytical treatment of the patient's plasma, no need to isolate DNA from plasma, and without PCR amplification of the target sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Bellassai
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta D’Agata
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95122 Catania, Italy
- INBB,
Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro, 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Almudena Marti
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science & Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Rozzi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze, 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze, 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics
and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National
Cancer Institute, Via
Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Corradini
- INBB,
Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro, 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze, 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics
and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National
Cancer Institute, Via
Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science & Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Spoto
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95122 Catania, Italy
- INBB,
Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro, 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
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13
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Tremante E, Sibilio L, Centola F, Knutti N, Holzapfel G, Manni I, Allegretti M, Lombardi P, Salvo G, Cecchetelli L, Friedrich K, Bertram J, Giacomini P. TOOLBOX: Strep‑Tagged nano‑assemblies of antibody‑drug‑conjugates (ADC) for modular and conditional cancer drugging. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:77. [PMID: 34105341 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe TOOLBOX, a 3‑step modular nano‑assembly targeting system that permits the combinatorial exchange of antibody specificities and toxic payloads, introducing modularity in antibody‑drug conjugate (ADC) manufacturing. TOOLBOX integrates 3 building blocks: i) a recombinant antibody fragment (that in the selected setting targets the proto‑oncogene ERBB2) genetically fused to an 8 amino acid Strep‑Tag®; ii) a multivalent protein adapter, called Strep‑Tactin®; iii) two anticancer agents, e.g. DNA nanobinders and the maytansinoid DM1, both carrying a chemically attached Strep‑Tag that reversibly turns them into inactive prodrugs. Stoichiometrically optimized complexes of Strep‑Tagged antibody fragments and drugs, bridged by Strep‑Tactin, were specifically uptaken by breast cancer cells expressing ERBB2, and this unexpectedly resulted in conditional prodrug reactivation. A promoter‑reporter system showed that TOOLBOX inhibited downstream ERBB2 signaling not only in ERBB2‑overexpressing/‑amplified SK‑BR‑3 cells grown in vitro, but also in ERBB2‑low/non‑amplified BRC230 triple‑negative breast carcinoma cells xenotransplanted in nude mice. Thus, TOOLBOX is a modular ADC‑like nano‑assembly platform for precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tremante
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sibilio
- Italian Biochemical Institute (Ibi) G. Lorenzini, I‑04011 Aprilia, Italy
| | - Fabio Centola
- Italian Biochemical Institute (Ibi) G. Lorenzini, I‑04011 Aprilia, Italy
| | - Nadine Knutti
- Institute of Biochemistry II, University Hospital Jena, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Isabella Manni
- SAFU, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Salvo
- Italian Biochemical Institute (Ibi) G. Lorenzini, I‑04011 Aprilia, Italy
| | | | - Karlheinz Friedrich
- Institute of Biochemistry II, University Hospital Jena, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, I‑00144 Rome, Italy
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14
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Zila V, Margiotta E, Turoňová B, Müller TG, Zimmerli CE, Mattei S, Allegretti M, Börner K, Rada J, Müller B, Lusic M, Kräusslich HG, Beck M. Cone-shaped HIV-1 capsids are transported through intact nuclear pores. Cell 2021; 184:1032-1046.e18. [PMID: 33571428 PMCID: PMC7895898 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) remains a major health threat. Viral capsid uncoating and nuclear import of the viral genome are critical for productive infection. The size of the HIV-1 capsid is generally believed to exceed the diameter of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), indicating that capsid uncoating has to occur prior to nuclear import. Here, we combined correlative light and electron microscopy with subtomogram averaging to capture the structural status of reverse transcription-competent HIV-1 complexes in infected T cells. We demonstrated that the diameter of the NPC in cellulo is sufficient for the import of apparently intact, cone-shaped capsids. Subsequent to nuclear import, we detected disrupted and empty capsid fragments, indicating that uncoating of the replication complex occurs by breaking the capsid open, and not by disassembly into individual subunits. Our data directly visualize a key step in HIV-1 replication and enhance our mechanistic understanding of the viral life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Zila
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erica Margiotta
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beata Turoňová
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten G Müller
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian E Zimmerli
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Mattei
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Imaging Center, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathleen Börner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, partner site Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jona Rada
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Müller
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Lusic
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, partner site Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Kräusslich
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, partner site Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Martin Beck
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Department of Molecular Sociology, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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15
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Pileri T, Sinibaldi A, Occhicone A, Giordani E, Allegretti M, Munzert P, Sonntag F, Danz N, Giacomini P, Michelotti F. Optical multiplexed bioassays on photonic crystals for breast cancer biomarker detection. EPJ Web Conf 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202125513003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An optical biosensor for proteomic breast cancer biomarker detection in complex media is presented. Bloch Surface Waves (BSW) excited onto one dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) were used to probe the interaction of HER2 with three antibody species and an inert protein (Bovine Serum Albumin - BSA). The optical system combines Label-Free readings to track the bioassay real-time development and Fluorescence emission quantification to evaluate the level of specific interaction between the antigen and the antibodies. The results confirm a distinguishable level of affinity between the antibodies and the analyte according to their specificity even at low antibody surface density (about 1173 pg/mm2).
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16
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Ganci F, Allegretti M, Manciocco V, Fiorentino F, Sanguineti G, Giacomini P, Pellini R, Spinella F, Blandino G. Two distinct TP53 mutations in HNSCC primary tumor: Only one circulates in the blood. Oral Oncol 2020; 115:105096. [PMID: 33234482 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.105096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Otolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Otolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Francesca Spinella
- Eurofins Genoma Group Srl, Via di Castel Giubileo, 11, 00138 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy.
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17
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Allegretti M, Zimmerli CE, Rantos V, Wilfling F, Ronchi P, Fung HKH, Lee CW, Hagen W, Turoňová B, Karius K, Börmel M, Zhang X, Müller CW, Schwab Y, Mahamid J, Pfander B, Kosinski J, Beck M. In-cell architecture of the nuclear pore and snapshots of its turnover. Nature 2020; 586:796-800. [PMID: 32879490 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2670-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) fuse the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope. They comprise hundreds of nucleoporins (Nups) that assemble into multiple subcomplexes and form large central channels for nucleocytoplasmic exchange1,2. How this architecture facilitates messenger RNA export, NPC biogenesis and turnover remains poorly understood. Here we combine in situ structural biology and integrative modelling with correlative light and electron microscopy and molecular perturbation to structurally analyse NPCs in intact Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells within the context of nuclear envelope remodelling. We find an in situ conformation and configuration of the Nup subcomplexes that was unexpected from the results of previous in vitro analyses. The configuration of the Nup159 complex appears critical to spatially accommodate its function as an mRNA export platform, and as a mediator of NPC turnover. The omega-shaped nuclear envelope herniae that accumulate in nup116Δ cells3 conceal partially assembled NPCs lacking multiple subcomplexes, including the Nup159 complex. Under conditions of starvation, herniae of a second type are formed that cytoplasmically expose NPCs. These results point to a model of NPC turnover in which NPC-containing vesicles bud off from the nuclear envelope before degradation by the autophagy machinery. Our study emphasizes the importance of investigating the structure-function relationship of macromolecular complexes in their cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Allegretti
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian E Zimmerli
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.,Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vasileios Rantos
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), DESY and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Paolo Ronchi
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility (EMCF), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Herman K H Fung
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chia-Wei Lee
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wim Hagen
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beata Turoňová
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Karius
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), DESY and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mandy Börmel
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility (EMCF), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph W Müller
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility (EMCF), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.,Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Mahamid
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.,Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Boris Pfander
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Jan Kosinski
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), DESY and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Beck
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany.
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18
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Gasparello J, Papi C, Allegretti M, Giordani E, Carboni F, Zazza S, Pescarmona E, Romania P, Giacomini P, Scapoli C, Gambari R, Finotti A. A Distinctive microRNA (miRNA) Signature in the Blood of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients at Surgery. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092410. [PMID: 32854257 PMCID: PMC7564483 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Liquid biopsy (LB) provides an examination of the peripheral blood of cancer patients for circulating tumor cells, cell-free nucleic acids and microRNAs (miRNAs) and is an established tool of precision medicine. Unlike most previous LB studies that focused on advanced metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), we assessed miRNA dysregulation in blood samples obtained on the day of surgery from patients with primary CRC lesions but no clinical evidence of extra-colonic diffusion. In this study, plasma preparation included miRNAs associated to exosomes, but excluded large macrovesicles from the preparation. Methods: The miRNA profile in plasma isolated from a cohort of 35 CRC patients at the day of surgery was analyzed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and further confirmed by droplet digital RT-PCR (dd-RT-PCR). Results: A miR-141-3p/miR-221-3p/miR-222-3p upregulation signature previously described in advanced CRC did not discriminate the analyzed early-CRC cohort from six tumor-free donors (Tf-D). In contrast, NGS-based miRNome analysis of a training cohort of five CRC and three tumor-free donors identified a novel, distinct nine miRNA signature comprising five up-regulated and four down-regulated miRNAs, six of which could be confirmed in the full CRC and tumor-free donor validation dataset by dd-RT-PCR. Additionally, a KRAS (Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog) mutant status was correlated with the plasma content of three identified miRNAs. Conclusions: When the data obtained were comparatively evaluated, at least one of the miRNAs belonging to the signature list was found to be dysregulated in 34/35 (97.1%) of our early-CRC plasma samples. The miRNA list provides diagnostic markers as well as possible molecular targets for protocols focusing on “microRNA therapeutics”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gasparello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Chiara Papi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (E.G.); (P.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Elena Giordani
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (E.G.); (P.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Fabio Carboni
- Digestive Surgery, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Settimio Zazza
- Digestive Surgery, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Pathology, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paolo Romania
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (E.G.); (P.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (E.G.); (P.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Chiara Scapoli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (A.F.); Tel.: +39-0532-974443 (R.G.); +39-0532-974510 (A.F.); Fax: +39-0532-974500 (R.G. & A.F.)
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (A.F.); Tel.: +39-0532-974443 (R.G.); +39-0532-974510 (A.F.); Fax: +39-0532-974500 (R.G. & A.F.)
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19
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Lee BG, Merkel F, Allegretti M, Hassler M, Cawood C, Lecomte L, O'Reilly FJ, Sinn LR, Gutierrez-Escribano P, Kschonsak M, Bravo S, Nakane T, Rappsilber J, Aragon L, Beck M, Löwe J, Haering CH. Cryo-EM structures of holo condensin reveal a subunit flip-flop mechanism. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2020; 27:743-751. [PMID: 32661420 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-020-0457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Complexes containing a pair of structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family proteins are fundamental for the three-dimensional (3D) organization of genomes in all domains of life. The eukaryotic SMC complexes cohesin and condensin are thought to fold interphase and mitotic chromosomes, respectively, into large loop domains, although the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained unknown. We used cryo-EM to investigate the nucleotide-driven reaction cycle of condensin from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our structures of the five-subunit condensin holo complex at different functional stages suggest that ATP binding induces the transition of the SMC coiled coils from a folded-rod conformation into a more open architecture. ATP binding simultaneously triggers the exchange of the two HEAT-repeat subunits bound to the SMC ATPase head domains. We propose that these steps result in the interconversion of DNA-binding sites in the catalytic core of condensin, forming the basis of the DNA translocation and loop-extrusion activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabian Merkel
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hassler
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Léa Lecomte
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francis J O'Reilly
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludwig R Sinn
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marc Kschonsak
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sol Bravo
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Juri Rappsilber
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Luis Aragon
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK.
| | - Martin Beck
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Jan Löwe
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Christian H Haering
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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20
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Allegretti M, Cottone G, Carboni F, Cotroneo E, Casini B, Giordani E, Amoreo CA, Buglioni S, Diodoro M, Pescarmona E, Zazza S, Federici O, Zeuli M, Conti L, Cigliana G, Fiorentino F, Valle M, Giacomini P, Spinella F. Cross-sectional analysis of circulating tumor DNA in primary colorectal cancer at surgery and during post-surgery follow-up by liquid biopsy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:69. [PMID: 32312295 PMCID: PMC7168847 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01569-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liquid biopsy (LB) in early-stage, non-metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) must be sensitive enough to detect extremely low circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels. This challenge has been seldom and non-systematically investigated. METHODS Next generation sequencing (NGS) and digital PCR (dPCR) were combined to test tumor DNAs (tDNAs) and paired ctDNAs collected at surgery from 39 patients, 12 of whom were also monitored during the immediate post-surgery follow up. Patients treated for metastatic disease (n = 14) were included as controls. RESULTS NGS and dPCR concordantly (100% agreement) called at least one single nucleotide variant (SNV) in 34 tDNAs, estimated differences in allelic frequencies being negligible (±1.4%). However, despite dPCR testing, SNVs were only detectable in 15/34 (44.1%) ctDNAs from patients at surgery, as opposed to 14/14 (100%) metastatic patients. This was likely due to striking differences (average 10 times, up to 500) in ctDNA levels between groups. NGS revealed blood-only SNVs, suggesting spatial heterogeneity since pre-surgery disease stages, and raising the combined NGS/dPCR sensitivity to 58.8%. ctDNA levels at surgery correlated with neither tumor size, stage, grade, or nodal status, nor with variant abundance in paired tDNA. LB sensitivity reached 63.6% when ctDNA was combined with CEA. Finally, persistence and absence of ctDNA on the first conventional (month 3) post-surgery follow-up were associated with fast relapse and a disease-free status in 3 and 7 patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A simple clinical NGS/dPCR/CEA combination effectively addresses the LB challenge in a fraction of non-metastatic CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Cottone
- Oncogenomics Division, Eurofins Genoma Group, Via Castel Giubileo, 11, 00138, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Carboni
- Digestive Surgery, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Cotroneo
- Oncogenomics Division, Eurofins Genoma Group, Via Castel Giubileo, 11, 00138, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Casini
- Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Giordani
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Diodoro
- Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Settimio Zazza
- Digestive Surgery, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Orietta Federici
- Digestive Surgery, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeuli
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Clinical Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cigliana
- Clinical Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fiorentino
- Oncogenomics Division, Eurofins Genoma Group, Via Castel Giubileo, 11, 00138, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Valle
- Digestive Surgery, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Spinella
- Oncogenomics Division, Eurofins Genoma Group, Via Castel Giubileo, 11, 00138, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Sinibaldi A, Doricchi A, Pileri T, Allegretti M, Danz N, Munzert P, Giordani E, Giacomini P, Michelotti F. Bioassay engineering: a combined label-free and fluorescence approach to optimize HER2 detection in complex biological media. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3509-3517. [PMID: 32300843 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We report on the combined label-free/fluorescence use of one-dimensional photonic crystals to optimize cancer biomarker detection in complex biological media. The optimization of the assay working parameters permits us to maximize the final response of the biosensor. The detection approach utilizes a sandwich assay, in which one-dimensional photonic crystals sustaining Bloch surface waves are modified with monoclonal antibodies in order to guarantee high specificity during biological recognition. The multiple outcomes generated by such optimization experiments permitted us to determine the effective capture efficiency and the repeatability of the immobilization process, which was estimated to be close to 5%. By exploiting the resolution of the fluorescence operation mode, we studied non-specific interactions in different blocking agents, different analyte diluting buffers, and diverse concentrations of the detection antibody. As a clinically relevant biomarker, we selected the trans-membrane receptor tyrosine kinase HER2. HER2 regulates a variety of cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation pathways and its over-expression occurs in approximately 20-30% of breast cancer worldwide. As a final application, we transferred all the optimized working parameters to HER2 cancer biomarker assays in a complex biological environment. The label-free and fluorescence results obtained by analyzing MCF-7 (HER2 low positive) and 32D (HER2 negative) cell lysates demonstrate that we can successfully discriminate the two lysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Sinibaldi
- Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Doricchi
- Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pileri
- Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Norbert Danz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Engineering IOF, A. Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Munzert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Engineering IOF, A. Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Elena Giordani
- IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Michelotti
- Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161, Rome, Italy
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22
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Lee CW, Wilfling F, Ronchi P, Allegretti M, Mosalaganti S, Jentsch S, Beck M, Pfander B. Selective autophagy degrades nuclear pore complexes. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:159-166. [DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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23
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Thaller DJ, Allegretti M, Borah S, Ronchi P, Beck M, Lusk CP. An ESCRT-LEM protein surveillance system is poised to directly monitor the nuclear envelope and nuclear transport system. eLife 2019; 8:e45284. [PMID: 30942170 PMCID: PMC6461442 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the nuclear membranes coupled to the selective barrier of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are essential for the segregation of nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. Mechanical membrane disruption or perturbation to NPC assembly triggers an ESCRT-dependent surveillance system that seals nuclear pores: how these pores are sensed and sealed is ill defined. Using a budding yeast model, we show that the ESCRT Chm7 and the integral inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein Heh1 are spatially segregated by nuclear transport, with Chm7 being actively exported by Xpo1/Crm1. Thus, the exposure of the INM triggers surveillance with Heh1 locally activating Chm7. Sites of Chm7 hyperactivation show fenestrated sheets at the INM and potential membrane delivery at sites of nuclear envelope herniation. Our data suggest that perturbation to the nuclear envelope barrier would lead to local nuclear membrane remodeling to promote membrane sealing. Our findings have implications for disease mechanisms linked to NPC assembly and nuclear envelope integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Thaller
- Department of Cell BiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Structural and Computational Biology UnitEuropean Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasseGermany
| | - Sapan Borah
- Department of Cell BiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Paolo Ronchi
- Electron Microscopy Core FacilityEuropean Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasseGermany
| | - Martin Beck
- Structural and Computational Biology UnitEuropean Molecular Biology LaboratoryMeyerhofstrasseGermany
| | - C Patrick Lusk
- Department of Cell BiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
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24
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Allegretti M, Giordani E, Casini B, Romania P, Gasparro S, Russillo M, Gallo E, Buglioni S, Pescarmona E, Cognetti F, Ciliberto G, Giacomini P, Fabi A. Abstract P4-01-19: Liquid biopsy and re-biopsy: Tracking mutational trajectories in HER2+ breast cancer patients undergoing T-DM1 treatment. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-01-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The antibody-drug conjugate Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1, Kadcyla®) is standard of care in HER2+ breast cancer patients on clinical progression after Trastuzumab/Pertuzumab and taxanes. Despite considerable clinical benefits, most patients rapidly develop progressive disease due to adaptive resistance, the molecular bases of which remain largely unknown and/or controversial. Next generation sequencing (NGS) and digital PCR (dPCR) applied to serial biological samples obtained through liquid biopsy (LB) and re-biopsy (RB) offer a unique opportunity to intercept mutational trajectories and uncover molecular patterns linked to primary as well as adaptive resistance.
Materials and methods: Tumor tissues (n=14), either from primary or metastatic lesions, and plasma samples (n=99) were collected, upon informed consent, from 9 breast cancer patients undergoing T-DM1 administration. Tissue (tDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) were extracted by the QIAmp DNA FFPE and CNA kits (Qiagen), respectively, and analyzed by ultra-deep sequencing and dPCR (IonTorrent S5 and QuantStudio 3D, LifeTechnologies) with commercial 400-gene panel and custom-designed dPCR assays. Genomic data were correlated with clinical imaging (CT/PET).
Results: Six out 9 (66.7%) patients experienced progression within 1 year of treatment (mean 192±97 days), whereas the remaining 3 were stable at the last follow up (> 400 days). No correlation was found between outcome and HER2, ER or PR status in the latest available (prior to T-DM1) archival tissue, in which NGS revealed several pre-existing mutations, including some associated with resistance to ERBB2 blockade. LB analysis detected increases in both baseline and de novo occurring aberrations in 5/6 (83.4%) relapsing patients. As compared to clinical imaging, progression disease was anticipated by an average lead time of 1.9 months (range 0.7-2.8). Surprisingly, the sixth relapsing patient underwent rapid progression (3 months) in spite of decreased PIK3CA p.E545K in blood, further confirmed in the re-biopsy, thus suggesting heterogeneous response to T-DM1 across multiple cancer cell populations. Of note, we observed progressive accumulation of ERBB2 p.L755S (associated with Lapatinib resistance) in multiple biopsies of serial metastatic foci from a patient over 18 years of multimodal ERBB2 blockade. However, a single administration of T-DM1 resulted in ultra-fast (within few weeks) clearance of ERBB2 p.L755S ctDNA, and stabilization of two distinct 'bystander' TP53 ctDNAs (p.R273H and p.S241T).
Conclusions: Non-invasive LB monitoring of a small cohort of T-DM1-treated patients provides proof of principle of intersecting mutational trajectories, anticipation and classification of resistance, as well as de novo appearance/clearance of resistance mutations. Thus, LB and RB may hint at disease evolution and successive lines of medical treatment.
This work was supported by AIRC (Nuvenia Fellowship to MA, IG 19052 to PG), EU commission (grant #633937 – ULTRAPLACAD), and Regina Elena National Cancer Institute intramural funding.
Citation Format: Allegretti M, Giordani E, Casini B, Romania P, Gasparro S, Russillo M, Gallo E, Buglioni S, Pescarmona E, Cognetti F, Ciliberto G, Giacomini P, Fabi A. Liquid biopsy and re-biopsy: Tracking mutational trajectories in HER2+ breast cancer patients undergoing T-DM1 treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Allegretti
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - E Giordani
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - B Casini
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - P Romania
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - S Gasparro
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - M Russillo
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - E Gallo
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - S Buglioni
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - E Pescarmona
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - F Cognetti
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - G Ciliberto
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - P Giacomini
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - A Fabi
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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25
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Cossio P, Allegretti M, Mayer F, Müller V, Vonck J, Hummer G. Bayesian inference of rotor ring stoichiometry from electron microscopy images of archaeal ATP synthase. Microscopy (Oxf) 2018; 67:266-273. [PMID: 30032235 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfy033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The 'Bayesian inference of electron microscopy' (BioEM) framework makes it possible to determine the stoichiometry of protein complexes using 3D coarse-grained models and a relatively small number of cryo-electron microscopy images as input. We applied the method to determine the most probable rotor ring stoichiometry of the archaeal Na+ ATP synthase from Pyrococcus furiosus, a multisubunit complex able to produce ATP under extreme conditions. Archaeal ATP synthases consist of a catalytic A1 part and a membrane-embedded AO portion. The AO portion is composed of a rotor ring and the a-subunit. The rotor ring of P. furiosus ATP synthase is composed of 16-kDa c-subunits, each consisting of four helices forming a bundle, with only one Na+-binding site per bundle. This ring was proposed to be decameric from LILBID-MS analysis of the entire ATP synthase. By contrast, the BioEM posterior favors a c9 ring stoichiometry. With BioEM, we ranked coarse-grained models of the whole complex with different ring geometry, using 6400 unprocessed particle images of the A1AO complex collected in vitreous ice. BioEM makes it possible to probabilistically establish the domain stoichiometry using low-resolution information and comparably few particle images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Cossio
- Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Biophysics of Tropical Diseases, Max Planck Tandem Group, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Mayer
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Müller
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Janet Vonck
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hummer
- Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Physics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Finotti A, Allegretti M, Gasparello J, Giacomini P, Spandidos DA, Spoto G, Gambari R. Liquid biopsy and PCR-free ultrasensitive detection systems in oncology (Review). Int J Oncol 2018; 53:1395-1434. [PMID: 30085333 PMCID: PMC6086621 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In oncology, liquid biopsy is used in the detection of next-generation analytes, such as tumor cells, cell-free nucleic acids and exosomes in peripheral blood and other body fluids from cancer patients. It is considered one of the most advanced non-invasive diagnostic systems to enable clinically relevant actions and implement precision medicine. Medical actions include, but are not limited to, early diagnosis, staging, prognosis, anticipation (lead time) and the prediction of therapy responses, as well as follow-up. Historically, the applications of liquid biopsy in cancer have focused on circulating tumor cells (CTCs). More recently, this analysis has been extended to circulating free DNA (cfDNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) associated with cancer, with potential applications for development into multi-marker diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic signatures. Liquid biopsies avoid some key limitations of conventional tumor tissue biopsies, including invasive tumor sampling, under-representation of tumor heterogeneity and poor description of clonal evolution during metastatic dissemination, strongly reducing the need for multiple sampling. On the other hand, this approach suffers from important drawbacks, i.e., the fragmentation of cfDNA, the instability of RNA, the low concentrations of certain analytes in body fluids and the confounding presence of normal, as well as aberrant DNAs and RNAs. For these reasons, the analysis of cfDNA has been mostly focused on mutations arising in, and pathognomonicity of, tumor DNA, while the analysis of cfRNA has been mostly focused on miRNA patterns strongly associated with neoplastic transformation/progression. This review lists some major applicative areas, briefly addresses how technology is bypassing liquid biopsy limitations, and places a particular emphasis on novel, PCR-free platforms. The ongoing collaborative efforts of major international consortia are reviewed. In addition to basic and applied research, we will consider technological transfer, including patents, patent applications and available information on clinical trials aimed at verifying the potential of liquid biopsy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Gasparello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Giuseppe Spoto
- Department of Chemistry, Catania University, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Gasparello J, Allegretti M, Tremante E, Fabbri E, Amoreo CA, Romania P, Melucci E, Messana K, Borgatti M, Giacomini P, Gambari R, Finotti A. Liquid biopsy in mice bearing colorectal carcinoma xenografts: gateways regulating the levels of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and miRNA (ctmiRNA). J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:124. [PMID: 29941002 PMCID: PMC6020232 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0788-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and miRNA (ctmiRNA) are promising biomarkers for early tumor diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring, and to predict therapeutic response. However, a clear understanding of the fine control on their circulating levels is still lacking. Methods Three human colorectal carcinoma cell lines were grown in culture and as tumor xenograft models in nude mice. Chip-based and droplet digital PCR platforms were used to systematically and quantitatively assess the levels of DNAs and miRNAs released into the culture supernatants and mouse blood plasma. Results Strikingly, mutated DNAs from the same (KRAS) and different (PIK3CA and FBWX7) genomic loci were differentially detected in culture supernatants and blood, with LS174T releasing 25 to 60 times less DNA in culture, but giving rise to 7 to 8 times more DNA in blood than LoVo cells. Greater LS174T ctDNA accumulation occurred in spite of similar CD31 immunostaining (micro-vascularization) and lesser proliferation and tissue necrosis as compared to LoVo. As to the three selected miRNAs (miR-221, miR-222 and miR-141), all of them were constitutively present in the plasma of tumor-free mice. Micro-RNA miR-141 was released into HT-29 cell supernatants 10 and 6.5 times less abundantly with respect to LoVo and LS174T, respectively; on the contrary, release of miR-141 in blood of HT-29 xenografted mice was found similar to that observed in LoVo and LS174T mice. Conclusions Taken together, our results support the existence of multiple, finely tuned (non-housekeeping) control gateways that selectively regulate the release/accumulation of distinct ctDNA and miRNA species in culture and tumor xenograft models. Different xenografts (proxies of different patients) considerably differ in gateway usage, adding several layers of complexity to the well-known idea of molecular heterogeneity. We predict that even high tissue representation of mutated DNA and miRNA may result in insufficient diagnostic analyte representation in blood. In this respect, our data show that careful modeling in mice may considerably help to alleviate complexity, for instance by pre-screening for the most abundant circulating analytes in enlarged sets of tumor xenografts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0788-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gasparello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Ferrara University, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Tremante
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Fabbri
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Ferrara University, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Romania
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Melucci
- Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Messana
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Borgatti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Ferrara University, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Ferrara University, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Ferrara University, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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Allegretti M, Casini B, Mandoj C, Benini S, Alberti L, Novello M, Melucci E, Conti L, Covello R, Pescarmona E, Milano GM, Annovazzi A, Anelli V, Ferraresi V, Biagini R, Giacomini P. Precision diagnostics of Ewing's sarcoma by liquid biopsy: circulating EWS-FLI1 fusion transcripts. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2018; 10:1758835918774337. [PMID: 29899761 PMCID: PMC5985603 DOI: 10.1177/1758835918774337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Limited information is available on the applicative value of liquid biopsy (LB) in rare tumors, including Ewing’s sarcoma (ES). The accepted precision diagnostics standards would greatly benefit from a non-invasive LB test monitoring pathognomonic gene rearrangements in the bloodstream. Methods: Tissue and blood samples were collected from six and four ES patients, respectively. Plasma was cleared by two successive rounds of centrifugation and stored frozen until RNA extraction by the QIAmp CNA kit. RNA was retro-transcribed and subjected to real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR). Reactions were set up using two custom primer sets identifying types 1 and 2 EWS-FLI1 fusion transcripts. Results: The two prevalent types of EWS-FLI1 rearrangements could be identified using only two sets of polymerase chain reaction primers, regardless of patient-specific EWS-FLI1 DNA breakpoints. RT-qPCR and dPCR discriminated the two variants in five tumor tissue RNAs and in four circulating tumor RNAs (ctRNAs). Of note, EWS-FLI1 molecular diagnosis was possible using blood samples even when tumor tissue was not available. ctRNA levels correlated (p < 0.05) with volume-based positron emission tomography (PET) parameters (metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis), and allowed the fine tracking of disease course after surgery, during adjuvant as well as neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and at follow up in one patient. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is one of the few single-marker LB assays in solid tumors specifically designed to detect rearranged RNAs in blood, and the first study describing EWS circulating tumor RNAs in ES patients. Altogether, our results support the idea that LB may have a considerable impact on ES patient monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Beatrice Casini
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Mandoj
- Body Fluids Biobank, Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Benini
- Department of Pathology, The Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Novello
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy (Present address): Department of Pathology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Elisa Melucci
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Body Fluids Biobank, Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Covello
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Maria Milano
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Annovazzi
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Anelli
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Ferraresi
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Biagini
- Orthopedics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Allegretti M, Fabi A, Buglioni S, Martayan A, Conti L, Pescarmona E, Ciliberto G, Giacomini P. Tearing down the walls: FDA approves next generation sequencing (NGS) assays for actionable cancer genomic aberrations. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:47. [PMID: 29506529 PMCID: PMC5838869 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0702-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the clinical use of two comprehensive ‘mid-size’ Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) panels calling actionable genomic aberrations in cancer. This is the first endorsement, by a regulatory body, of a new standard of care in oncology. Herein, we argue that besides its many practice-changing implications, this approval tears down the conceptual walls dividing system biology from clinical practice, diagnosis from research, prevention from therapy, cancer genetics from cancer genomics, and computational biology from empirical therapy assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Regina Elena NGS group, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Regina Elena NGS group, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Medical Oncology 1, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- Regina Elena NGS group, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Aline Martayan
- Regina Elena NGS group, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Clinical Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Regina Elena NGS group, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Clinical Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Biobank, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Regina Elena NGS group, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Pathology, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Biobank, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Regina Elena NGS group, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Scientific Direction, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. .,Regina Elena NGS group, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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Ruffini P, Brandolini L, Russo R, Cimini A, Allegretti M. CXCR1/2 inhibition prevents paclitaxel- and oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Guzzo T, Mandaliti W, Nepravishta R, Aramini A, Bodo E, Daidone I, Allegretti M, Topai A, Paci M. Conformational Change in the Mechanism of Inclusion of Ketoprofen in β-Cyclodextrin: NMR Spectroscopy, Ab Initio Calculations, Molecular Dynamics Simulations, and Photoreactivity. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:10668-10678. [PMID: 27689813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b07913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inclusion of drugs in cyclodextrins (CDs) is a recognized tool for modifying several properties such as solubility, stability, bioavailability, and so on. The photoreactive behavior of the β-CD/ketoprofen (KP) complex upon UV exposure showed a significant increase in photodecarboxylation, whereas the secondary degradation products by hydroxylation of the benzophenone moiety were inhibited. The results may account for an improvement of KP photophysical properties upon inclusion, thus better fostering its topical use. To correlate the structural details of the inclusion with these results, an NMR spectroscopic study of KP upon inclusion in β-CD was performed. Effects of the magnetically anisotropic centers of KP, changing their orientations upon inclusion and giving chemical shift variations, were specifically correlated with the results of the molecular dynamic simulations and ab initio calculations. In the large variety of papers focusing on the structural analysis of β-CD complexes, this work represents one of the few examples in which a detailed analysis of these simultaneous upfield-downfield NMR shifts of the same aromatic molecule upon inclusion is reported. Interestingly, the results demonstrate that the observed upfield and downfield shifts upon inclusion are not related to any direct magnetic role of β-CD. The conformational change of KP upon the inclusion process consists of a slight reduction in the angle between the two phenyl rings and in a remarkable reduction in the mobility of the carboxyl group, the latter being one of the main contributions to the NMR resonance shifts. These structural details help in understanding the features of the inclusion complex and, eventually, the driving force for its formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Guzzo
- C4T (Colosseum Combinatorial Chemistry Centre for Technology) S.C.a r.l. , Via della Ricerca Scientifica s.n.c., 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - W Mandaliti
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - R Nepravishta
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , 00133 Rome, Italy.,Department of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Biomolecular Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy Catholic University "Our Lady of Good Counsel" , Rr. D. Hoxha, 1000 Tirane, Albania
| | - A Aramini
- Department of Discovery, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA Research Center , Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - E Bodo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza" , 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - I Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila , Via Vetoio (Coppito 1), 67010 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M Allegretti
- Department of Discovery, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA Research Center , Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A Topai
- C4T (Colosseum Combinatorial Chemistry Centre for Technology) S.C.a r.l. , Via della Ricerca Scientifica s.n.c., 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Paci
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , 00133 Rome, Italy
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Allegretti M, Ricciardi MR, Licchetta R, Mirabilii S, Orecchioni S, Reggiani F, Talarico G, Foà R, Bertolini F, Amadori S, Torrisi MR, Tafuri A. Erratum: The pan-class I phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase inhibitor NVP-BKM120 demonstrates anti-leukemic activity in acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20743. [PMID: 26846976 PMCID: PMC4742899 DOI: 10.1038/srep20743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Allegretti M, Ricciardi MR, Licchetta R, Mirabilii S, Orecchioni S, Reggiani F, Talarico G, Foà R, Bertolini F, Amadori S, Torrisi MR, Tafuri A. The pan-class I phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase inhibitor NVP-BKM120 demonstrates anti-leukemic activity in acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18137. [PMID: 26674543 PMCID: PMC4682184 DOI: 10.1038/srep18137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is a common feature of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients contributing to chemoresistance, disease progression and unfavourable outcome. Therefore, inhibition of this pathway may represent a potential therapeutic approach in AML. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pre-clinical activity of NVP-BKM120 (BKM120), a selective pan-class I PI3K inhibitor, on AML cell lines and primary samples. Our results demonstrate that BKM120 abrogates the activity of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, promoting cell growth arrest and significant apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in AML cells but not in the normal counterpart. BKM120-induced cytotoxicity is associated with a profound modulation of metabolic behaviour in both cell lines and primary samples. In addition, BKM120 synergizes with the glycolitic inhibitor dichloroacetate enhancing apoptosis induction at lower doses. Finally, in vivo administration of BKM120 to a xenotransplant mouse model of AML significantly inhibited leukemia progression and improved the overall survival of treated mice. Taken together, our findings indicate that BKM120, alone or in combination with other drugs, has a significant anti-leukemic activity supporting its clinical development as a novel therapeutic agent in AML.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aminopyridines/pharmacology
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Middle Aged
- Morpholines/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Time Factors
- U937 Cells
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Allegretti
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ricciardi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sant’Andrea” Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Licchetta
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Mirabilii
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Orecchioni
- Division of Clinical Haematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Reggiani
- Division of Clinical Haematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Talarico
- Division of Clinical Haematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Foà
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Division of Clinical Haematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Amadori
- Department of Hematology, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Torrisi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sant’Andrea” Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Agostino Tafuri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, “Sant’Andrea” Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Mistretta FA, Russo A, Castiglione F, Bettiga A, Colciago G, Montorsi F, Brandolini L, Aramini A, Bianchini G, Allegretti M, Bovolenta S, Russo R, Benigni F, Hedlund P. DFL23448, A Novel Transient Receptor Potential Melastin 8-Selective Ion Channel Antagonist, Modifies Bladder Function and Reduces Bladder Overactivity in Awake Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 356:200-11. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.228684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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35
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Zhu T, Huitema A, Alemayehu M, Allegretti M, Chomicki C, Yadegari A, Lavi S. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH FALSE-POSITIVE ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Allegretti M, Mills DJ, McMullan G, Kühlbrandt W, Vonck J. Atomic model of the F420-reducing [NiFe] hydrogenase by electron cryo-microscopy using a direct electron detector. eLife 2014; 3:e01963. [PMID: 24569482 PMCID: PMC3930138 DOI: 10.7554/elife.01963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of direct electron detectors with higher detective quantum efficiency and fast read-out marks the beginning of a new era in electron cryo-microscopy. Using the FEI Falcon II direct electron detector in video mode, we have reconstructed a map at 3.36 Å resolution of the 1.2 MDa F420-reducing hydrogenase (Frh) from methanogenic archaea from only 320,000 asymmetric units. Videos frames were aligned by a combination of image and particle alignment procedures to overcome the effects of beam-induced motion. The reconstructed density map shows all secondary structure as well as clear side chain densities for most residues. The full coordination of all cofactors in the electron transfer chain (a [NiFe] center, four [4Fe4S] clusters and an FAD) is clearly visible along with a well-defined substrate access channel. From the rigidity of the complex we conclude that catalysis is diffusion-limited and does not depend on protein flexibility or conformational changes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01963.001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Allegretti
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany
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Zhang C, Allegretti M, Vonck J, Langer JD, Marcia M, Peng G, Michel H. Production of fully assembled and active Aquifex aeolicus F1FO ATP synthase in Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:34-40. [PMID: 24005236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND F1FO ATP synthases catalyze the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate driven by ion motive forces across the membrane. A number of ATP synthases have been characterized to date. The one from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus presents unique features, i.e. a putative heterodimeric stalk. To complement previous work on the native form of this enzyme, we produced it heterologously in Escherichia coli. METHODS We designed an artificial operon combining the nine genes of A. aeolicus ATP synthase, which are split into four clusters in the A. aeolicus genome. We expressed the genes and purified the enzyme complex by affinity and size-exclusion chromatography. We characterized the complex by native gel electrophoresis, Western blot, and mass spectrometry. We studied its activity by enzymatic assays and we visualized its structure by single-particle electron microscopy. RESULTS We show that the heterologously produced complex has the same enzymatic activity and the same structure as the native ATP synthase complex extracted from A. aeolicus cells. We used our expression system to confirm that A. aeolicus ATP synthase possesses a heterodimeric peripheral stalk unique among non-photosynthetic bacterial F1FO ATP synthases. CONCLUSIONS Our system now allows performing previously impossible structural and functional studies on A. aeolicus F1FO ATP synthase. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE More broadly, our work provides a valuable platform to characterize many other membrane protein complexes with complicated stoichiometry, i.e. other respiratory complexes, the nuclear pore complex, or transporter systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Zhang
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Yadegari A, Sridhar K, Allegretti M, Syed J. 294 The Effectiveness Of The Acute Treatment Of Infarcting Myocardium In The Elderly - Tea Time. Can J Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.07.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Bertini R, Barcelos LS, Beccari AR, Cavalieri B, Moriconi A, Bizzarri C, Di Benedetto P, Di Giacinto C, Gloaguen I, Galliera E, Corsi MM, Russo RC, Andrade SP, Cesta MC, Nano G, Aramini A, Cutrin JC, Locati M, Allegretti M, Teixeira MM. Receptor binding mode and pharmacological characterization of a potent and selective dual CXCR1/CXCR2 non-competitive allosteric inhibitor. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:436-54. [PMID: 21718305 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01566.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE DF 2156A is a new dual inhibitor of IL-8 receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 with an optimal pharmacokinetic profile. We characterized its binding mode, molecular mechanism of action and selectivity, and evaluated its therapeutic potential. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The binding mode, molecular mechanism of action and selectivity were investigated using chemotaxis of L1.2 transfectants and human leucocytes, in addition to radioligand and [(35) S]-GTPγS binding approaches. The therapeutic potential of DF 2156A was evaluated in acute (liver ischaemia and reperfusion) and chronic (sponge-induced angiogenesis) experimental models of inflammation. KEY RESULTS A network of polar interactions stabilized by a direct ionic bond between DF 2156A and Lys(99) on CXCR1 and the non-conserved residue Asp(293) on CXCR2 are the key determinants of DF 2156A binding. DF 2156A acted as a non-competitive allosteric inhibitor blocking the signal transduction leading to chemotaxis without altering the binding affinity of natural ligands. DF 2156A effectively and selectively inhibited CXCR1/CXCR2-mediated chemotaxis of L1.2 transfectants and leucocytes. In a murine model of sponge-induced angiogenesis, DF 2156A reduced leucocyte influx, TNF-α production and neovessel formation. In vitro, DF 2156A prevented proliferation, migration and capillary-like organization of HUVECs in response to human IL-8. In a rat model of liver ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, DF 2156A decreased PMN and monocyte-macrophage infiltration and associated hepatocellular injury. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS DF 2156A is a non-competitive allosteric inhibitor of both IL-8 receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. It prevented experimental angiogenesis and hepatic I/R injury in vivo and, therefore, has therapeutic potential for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Luisi PL, Allegretti M, Pereira de Souza T, Steiniger F, Fahr A, Stano P. Spontaneous protein crowding in liposomes: a new vista for the origin of cellular metabolism. Chembiochem 2011; 11:1989-92. [PMID: 20806308 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Luigi Luisi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi RomaTre, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Acute lung injury (ALI) remains a major challenge in critical care medicine. Both neutrophils and chemokines have been proposed as key components in the development of ALI. The main chemokine receptor on neutrophils is CXCR2, which regulates neutrophil recruitment and vascular permeability, but no small molecule CXCR2 inhibitor has been demonstrated to be effective in ALI or animal models of ALI. To investigate the functional relevance of the CXCR2 inhibitor Reparixin in vivo, we determined its effects in two models of ALI, induced by either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation or acid instillation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In two ALI models in mice, we measured vascular permeability by Evans blue and evaluated neutrophil recruitment into the lung vasculature, interstitium and airspace by flow cytometry. KEY RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of CXCR2 by Reparixin reduced CXCL1-induced leukocyte arrest in the microcirculation of the cremaster muscle, but did not influence arrest in response to leukotriene B4 (LTB4) demonstrating specificity. Reparixin (15 microg g(-1)) reduced neutrophil recruitment in the lung by approximately 50% in a model of LPS-induced ALI. A higher dose did not provide additional reduction of neutrophil recruitment. This dose also reduced accumulation of neutrophils in the interstitial compartment and vascular permeability in LPS-induced ALI. Furthermore, both prophylactic and therapeutic application of Reparixin improved gas exchange, and reduced neutrophil recruitment and vascular permeability in a clinically relevant model of acid-induced ALI. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Reparixin, a non-competitive allosteric CXCR2 inhibitor attenuates ALI by reducing neutrophil recruitment and vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zarbock
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Cunha TM, Barsante MM, Guerrero AT, Verri WA, Ferreira SH, Coelho FM, Bertini R, Di Giacinto C, Allegretti M, Cunha FQ, Teixeira MM. Treatment with DF 2162, a non-competitive allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1/2, diminishes neutrophil influx and inflammatory hypernociception in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 154:460-70. [PMID: 18362895 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neutrophil migration into tissues is involved in the genesis of inflammatory pain. Here, we addressed the hypothesis that the effect of CXC chemokines on CXCR1/2 is important to induce neutrophil migration and inflammatory hypernociception. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were treated with a non-competitive allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1/2, DF 2162, and neutrophil influx and inflammatory hypernociception were assessed by myeloperoxidase assay and electronic pressure meter test, respectively, in various models of inflammation. KEY RESULTS DF 2162 inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis induced by CXCR1/2 ligands but had no effect on CXCL8 binding to neutrophils. A single mutation of the allosteric site at CXCR1 abrogated the inhibitory effect of DF 2162 on CXCL-8-induced chemotaxis. Treatment with DF 2162 prevented influx of neutrophils and inflammatory hypernociception induced by CXCL1 in a dose-dependent manner. The compound inhibited neutrophil influx and inflammatory hypernociception induced by carrageenan, lipopolysaccharide and zymosan, but not hypernociception induced by dopamine and PGE(2). DF 2162 had a synergistic effect with indomethacin or the absence of TNFR1 to abrogate carrageenan-induced hypernociception. Treatment with DF 2162 diminished neutrophil influx, oedema formation, disease score and hypernociception in collagen-induced arthritis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS CXCR1/2 mediates neutrophil migration and is involved in the cascade of events leading to inflammatory hypernociception. In addition to modifying fundamental pathological processes, non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of CXCR1/2 may have the additional benefit of providing partial relief for pain and, hence, may be a valid therapeutic target for further studies aimed at the development of new drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Barsante MM, Cunha TM, Allegretti M, Cattani F, Policani F, Bizzarri C, Tafuri WL, Poole S, Cunha FQ, Bertini R, Teixeira MM. Blockade of the chemokine receptor CXCR2 ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 153:992-1002. [PMID: 17891165 PMCID: PMC2267272 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 may mediate influx of neutrophils in models of acute and chronic inflammation. The potential benefits of oral administration of a CXCR1/2 inhibitor, DF 2162, in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis (AIA) were investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A model of AIA in rats was used to compare the therapeutic effects of the treatment with DF2162, anti-TNF or anti-CINC-1 antibodies on joint inflammation and local production of cytokines and chemokines. KEY RESULTS DF2162 prevented chemotaxis of rat and human neutrophils induced by chemokines acting on CXCR1/2. DF2162 was orally bioavailable and metabolized to two major metabolites. Only metabolite 1 retained CXCR1/2 blocking activity. Treatment with DF2162 (15 mg kg(-1), twice daily) or metabolite 1, but not metabolite 2, starting on day 10 after arthritis induction diminished histological score, the increase in paw volume, neutrophil influx and local production of TNF, IL-1beta, CCL2 and CCL5. The effects of DF2162 were similar to those of anti-TNF, and more effective than those of anti-CINC-1, antibodies. DF2162 prevented disease progression even when started 13 days after arthritis induction. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS DF 2162, a novel orally-active non-competitive allosteric inhibitor of CXCR1 and CXCR2, significantly ameliorates AIA in rats, an effect quantitatively and qualitatively similar to those of anti-TNF antibody treatment. These findings highlight the contribution of CXCR2 in the pathophysiology of AIA and suggest that blockade of CXCR1/2 may be a valid therapeutic target for further studies aiming at the development of new drugs for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Barsante
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - T M Cunha
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - M Allegretti
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Dompé pha.r.ma s.p.a. L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F Cattani
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Dompé pha.r.ma s.p.a. L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F Policani
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Dompé pha.r.ma s.p.a. L'Aquila, Italy
| | - C Bizzarri
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Dompé pha.r.ma s.p.a. L'Aquila, Italy
| | - W L Tafuri
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - S Poole
- National Institute of Biological Standards and Control Potters Bar, UK
| | - F Q Cunha
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - R Bertini
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Dompé pha.r.ma s.p.a. L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M M Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Author for correspondence:
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Riscaldati E, Ciabini A, Baccante A, Moscatelli D, Errichetti MF, Colagrande A, Cencioni S, Marcocci F, Di Cioccio V, Di Ciccio L, Allegretti M, Martin F, Maurizi G. Set up and optimization of a fermentation protocol for the production of a human antibody fragment (Fab') express in E. coli. Pre-pilot and cGMP pilot scale studies. Microb Cell Fact 2006. [DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-5-s1-p29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
Activation of complement via the innate and adaptive immune system is vital to the body's defences in fighting infections. Unregulated complement activation is likely to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of several diseases including psoriasis, adult (acute) respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), bullous pemphigoid (BP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The 74 amino acid peptide C5a is released after complement activation at sites of inflammation and is a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, leukocytes, monocytes and macrophages. Recombinant proteins and humanized anti-C5 antibodies have been recently developed for blocking specific proteins of the complement system bringing renewed attention towards complement inhibition. Pharmacological studies have been highlighting the complement fragment C5a as an interesting target for the management of complement mediated diseases. Specific inhibition of C5a biological activity could gain therapeutic benefit without affecting the protective immune response. In the last few years several peptide and non-peptide antagonists of C5a have been discovered and tested in relevant pharmacological models; the availability of orally active compounds is rapidly helping to delineate the precise role of C5a in immunoinflammatory disorders. Moreover, mutagenesis data for the C5a/C5a receptor (C5aR) couple make C5aR a valuable model for mechanistic studies of peptidergic G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). The aim of this review is to outline the recent advances in C5a inhibition, especially highlighting the value of a multidisciplinary integrated approach in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Allegretti
- Dompé Research and Development, Dompé s.p.a., L'Aquila, Italy.
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Brandolini L, Allegretti M, Colagioia S, Novellini R, Colotta F, Bertini R, Melillo G. Update on Current and Future Pharmacologic Therapy of COPD. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.2174/1568014043355429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mascagni P, Sabbatini V, Biordi L, Martinotti S, Allegretti M, Marullo A, Caselli G, Bertini R. R- and S-isomers of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs differentially regulate cytokine production. Eur Cytokine Netw 2000; 11:185-92. [PMID: 10903797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
2-arylpropionic acids, a well known class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), exist as a racemic mixture of their enantiomeric forms, with S-isomers primarily responsible for inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) production and of inflammatory events. In this study we show that S-isomers are also responsible for the paradoxical up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induced by ketoprofen, flurbiprofen and ibuprofen in murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated by bacterial endotoxin (LPS). This effect is in close correlation with cyclooxygenase inhibitory capacity of S-isomers and, from Northern blot analysis, seems to be mediated by the up-regulation of TNF mRNA. In addition, up-regulation of TNF production by S-isomers is associated with inhibition of interleukin-10 (IL-10) production. Conversely, we have observed that S-enantiomers reduce IL-6 production at a concentration 100 times higher than that able to inhibit cyclooxygenase activity. The unwanted pro-inflammatory effects of S-isomers through TNF and IL-10 production could therefore hinder their analgesic effect, that is, at least in part, related to IL-6 inhibition. In addition, TNF amplification by S-isomers could be correlated to the clinical evidence of their gastric toxicity. On the other hand, R-isomers did not affect TNF and IL-10 production even at cyclooxygenase-blocking concentration, while they reduced IL-6 production to the same levels as S-isomers. It is concluded that the regulation of cytokine production by S-isomers of 2-arylpropionic acids could partially mask their therapeutic effects and could be correlated to the clinical evidence of their higher gastric toxicity. On the other hand, IL-6 inhibition without the unwanted effects on TNF and IL-10 production shown by R-isomers could be correlated to the analgesic effect reported for R-2-arylpropionic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mascagni
- Dompé S.p.A., via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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48
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Macchia B, Gentili D, Macchia M, Mamone F, Martinelli A, Orlandini E, Rossello A, Cercignani G, Pierotti R, Allegretti M, Asti C, Caselli G. Synthesis, inhibitory activity towards human leukocyte elastase and molecular modelling studies of 1-carbamoyl-4-methyleneaminoxyazetidinones. Eur J Med Chem 2000; 35:53-67. [PMID: 10733603 DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(00)00111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some monocyclic beta-lactam derivatives of type 3 (MAOAs) in which the leaving group (LG) on the C(4) is a methyleneaminoxy moiety, were synthesised and tested in vitro and in vivo for their inhibitory activity towards human leukocyte elastase (HLE). Some compounds showed an appreciable in vitro inhibitory activity against this enzyme. Effects on the anti-HLE activity due to the nature of the substituents R and R(1) present on their LG were observed and rationalised by means of molecular modelling techniques. The results of in vivo pharmacological tests indicated that MAOAs, while showing an inhibitory activity on the haemorrhage induced by HLE, did not exhibit any effects due to the R and R(1) substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Macchia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Via Bonanno, 6, 56100, Pisa, Italy
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Previdi M, Margonari M, Marraccini P, Nava CD, Vimercati C, Allegretti M, Farioli L, Arbosti G. [Methods and applications in the control of hypersensitivity in exposed occupational populations]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 1998; 20:131-7. [PMID: 9788052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to present a clinical questionnaire for epidemiological studies in occupational allergology. We have evaluated and tested the items of such a questionnaire, finding a good sensitivity and specificity in terms of identification of symptoms and a clinical approach to the patient. The questionnaire was blind tested by two specialists and their results were found to be concordant. We realized that such a questionnaire is an easy instrument to use for medical personnel, reproducible and reliable. It can be applied in well orientated studies of occupational medicine as a first step in the investigation of work-related symptoms and in monitoring the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Previdi
- UOOML (Unità Operativa di Medicina del Lavoro), Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento Milano
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Caselli G, Mantovanini M, Gandolfi CA, Allegretti M, Fiorentino S, Pellegrini L, Melillo G, Bertini R, Sabbatini W, Anacardio R, Clavenna G, Sciortino G, Teti A. Tartronates: a new generation of drugs affecting bone metabolism. J Bone Miner Res 1997; 12:972-81. [PMID: 9169358 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.6.972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the search for a new class of bone-sparing agents for treating osteopenic disorders, we hypothesized that tartronic acid derivatives, sharing the chemical characteristics both of bisphosphonates and of Gla residues contained in matrix proteins such as osteocalcin, could positively affect bone metabolism. A series of tartronates was therefore tested for their ability to affect bone metabolism. In vitro resorption tests were performed examining pit formation by freshly isolated rat and rabbit osteoclasts plated onto bone slices and exposed to the drugs for 48 h. Tartronates bearing a linear side-chain (DF 1222 and DF 1363A) were the most effective in inhibiting pit excavation in the pM-nM range. Tartronates did not affect osteoclast viability, number, adhesion, or tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity. Transient cell retraction was observed in osteoclasts plated onto glass and exposed to DF 1222. The maximal effect was seen in cells treated for 4 h at a concentration of 1 pM. DF 1222 accelerated mineralization in cultures of periosteal cells without affecting other osteoblast-like functions. This product was therefore tested in vivo in ovariectomized mice. Bone mass in femur was evaluated, by ash gravimetry, 21 days after ovariectomy. Unfortunately, DF 1222, the most active of tartronates in vitro, was inactive in this test because of its high hydrophilicity and the subsequent too short residence time. On the contrary, its tetrahydropyranyl ether derivative, DF 1363A, endowed with a significantly higher lipophilicity, showed a dose-dependent bone-sparing effect when administered subcutaneously at 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg/die, thus confirming the activity seen in in vitro tests. Because of their feasible parallel effect on both bone resorption and formation, tartronate derivatives may be tested to candidate this class of products for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Caselli
- Research Center Dompé S.p.A., L'Aquila, Italy
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