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Ha GS, Rashid MAM, Oh DH, Ha JM, Yoo CJ, Jeon BH, Koo B, Jeong K, Kim KH. Integrating experimental and computational approaches for deep eutectic solvent-catalyzed glycolysis of post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate. Waste Manag 2024; 174:411-419. [PMID: 38103351 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
To achieve a sustainable and circular economy, developing effective plastic recycling methods is essential. Despite advances in the chemical recycling of plastic waste, modern industries require highly efficient and sustainable solutions to address environmental problems. In this study, we propose an efficient glycolysis strategy for post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to produce bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) with high selectivity. Choline chloride (ChCl)- and urea-based DESs were synthesized using various metal salts and were tested for the glycolysis of PET waste; ChCl-Zn(OAc)2 exhibited the best performance. The DES-containing solvent system afforded a complete PET conversion, producing BHET at a high yield (91.6%) under optimal reaction conditions. The degradation mechanism of PET and its interaction with DESs were systematically investigated using density functional theory-based calculations. Furthermore, an intuitive machine learning model was developed to predict the PET conversion and BHET selectivity for different DES compositions. Our findings demonstrate that the DES-catalyzed glycolysis of post-consumer PET could enable the development of a sustainable chemical recycling process, providing insights to identify the new design of DESs for plastic decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon-Soo Ha
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Al Mamunur Rashid
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hae Oh
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Myeong Ha
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Jae Yoo
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonwook Koo
- School of Forestry Sciences and Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, Seoul 01805, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang Ho Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; KIST-SKKU Carbon-Neutral Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Ha GS, Al Mamunur Rashid M, Ha JM, Yoo CJ, Jeon BH, Jeong K, Kim KH. Enhancing polyethylene terephthalate conversion through efficient microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent-catalyzed glycolysis. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140781. [PMID: 38006913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemical recycling of plastics is a promising approach for effectively depolymerizing plastic waste into its constituent monomers, thereby contributing to the realization of a sustainable circular economy. Glycolysis, which converts polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into the monomer bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), has emerged as a cost-effective and commercially viable chemical recycling process. However, glycolysis requires long reaction times and high energy consumption, limiting its industrialization. In this study, we develop an energy-efficient microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent-catalyzed glycolysis method to degrade PET effectively and rapidly, resulting in a high BHET yield. This combined approach enables the quantitative degradation of PET within 9 min, achieving a high BHET yield of approximately 99% under optimal reaction conditions. Furthermore, the proposed approach has a low specific energy consumption (45 kJ/g) and minimizes waste generation. The thermal behavior of PET and its degradation mechanism are systematically investigated using scanning electron microscopy and density functional theory-based calculations. The results obtained suggest that the proposed straightforward, swift, and energy-efficient strategy has the potential to offer a sustainable solution to plastic waste management challenges and expedite the industrialization of chemical recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon-Soo Ha
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Al Mamunur Rashid
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Myeong Ha
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Jae Yoo
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, 01805, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ho Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; KIST-SKKU Carbon-Neutral Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Rashid MAM, Min S, Namgoong SK, Jeong K. Effect of substituting donors on the hole mobility of hole transporting materials in perovskite solar cells: a DFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1352-1363. [PMID: 38108402 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04310j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Several hole-transporting materials (HTMs) have been designed by incorporating different types of π-conjugation group such as long chain aliphatic alkenes and condensed aromatic rings of benzene and thiophene and their derivatives on both sides between the planar core and donor of a reference HTM. Various electronic, optical, and dynamic properties have been calculated by using DFT, TDDFT, and Marcus theory. In this study, all the designed HTMs show a lower HOMO energy level and match well with the perovskite absorbers. Inserting condensed rings results in better hole mobility compared to aliphatic double bonds. It is found that the charge transfer integral is the dominant factor which mainly influences the hole mobility in our studied HTMs. Other factors such as hole reorganization energy, hole hopping rate, and centroid distance have a minor effect on hole mobility. Thus, this study is expected to provide guidance for the design and synthesis of new HTMs with increased hole mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Al Mamunur Rashid
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Sein Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Sung Keon Namgoong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, 01805, South Korea.
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Rashid MAM, Rahman M, Acter T, Uddin N. Identifying the acidic or basic behavior of surface water: a QM/MM-MD study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:31194-31205. [PMID: 37955174 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Controversies on the water surface were theoretically addressed with the help of large scale quantum mechanical molecular dynamics (QMMD) simulations on water surface model systems with and without excess hydroniums and hydroxides. It was revealed that the thermodynamic surface structures of these ions strongly depend on their location and dipole orientation. Fast hydronium diffusion by proton transfer establishes a wider kinetic depth distribution (∼6 Å) than that predicted by its thermodynamic affinity for the water surface, while slow hydroxide is shallowly trapped below the outermost molecular layer (3-4 Å). In addition, the anisotropic orientation of surface water dipole can generate a substantial magnitude of surface potential, which extends to a depth of a few molecular layers. With these distinctively different surface properties of two ions and water molecules, the seemingly contradictory observations of acidic and negatively charged water surfaces may be successfully explained. That is, the negative surface charge of neutral water mostly stems from intrinsic water properties such as water dipole orientation and electron density spillage at the surface, rather than surface OH- ions. The enhanced acidity of the water surface can be attributed in large part to the kinetic depth profile of ion density in addition to static thermodynamic origin. Furthermore, the different depth profiles of the two ions may differently affect the surface-sensitive spectroscopic observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Al Mamunur Rashid
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Mofizur Rahman
- Research and Development Center, Berger Paints Bangladesh Limited, Berger House, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
| | - Thamina Acter
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, East West University, Aftabnagar, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Daffodil International University, Birulia, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh.
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Rashid MAM, Kim J, Long DX, Kwak K, Hong J. Effects of
π‐conjugation
on the
charge‐transport
properties of
hole‐transporting
materials featuring diphenylamine‐
π‐quinacridone
for perovskite solar cells: A theoretical study. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Junkyu Kim
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Dang Xuan Long
- Department of Smart Cities Chung‐Ang University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Chung‐Ang University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jongin Hong
- Department of Smart Cities Chung‐Ang University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Chung‐Ang University Seoul Republic of Korea
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Rashid MAM, Ahn K, Jeon J, Cho M, Kim B, Lee KK, Kwak K. Quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach for the simulation of UV–Vis absorption spectra of π-conjugated oligomers. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rashid MAM, Hayati D, Kwak K, Hong J. Theoretical Investigation of Azobenzene-Based Photochromic Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E914. [PMID: 32397475 PMCID: PMC7279488 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two donor-π-spacer-acceptor (D-π-A) organic dyes were designed as photochromic dyes with the same π-spacer and acceptor but different donors, based on their electron-donating strength. Various structural, electronic, and optical properties, chemical reactivity parameters, and certain crucial factors that affect short-circuit current density (Jsc) and open circuit voltage (Voc) were investigated computationally using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory. The trans-cis isomerization of these azobenzene-based dyes and its effect on their properties was studied in detail. Furthermore, the dye-(TiO2)9 anatase nanoparticle system was simulated to understand the electronic structure of the interface. Based on the results, we justified how the trans-cis isomerization and different donor groups influence the physical properties as well as the photovoltaic performance of the resultant dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These theoretical calculations can be used for the rapid screening of promising dyes and their optimization for photochromic DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Al Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (M.A.M.R.); (D.H.)
| | - Dini Hayati
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (M.A.M.R.); (D.H.)
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) & Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jongin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (M.A.M.R.); (D.H.)
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Rashid MAM, Cho SG, Choi CH. Heat of formation prediction by G4MP2-SFM schemes: An application to various nitroazole derivatives. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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