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Cauquil L, Beaumont M, Schmaltz-Panneau B, Liaubet L, Lippi Y, Naylies C, Bluy L, Poli M, Gress L, Lencina C, Duranthon V, Combes S. Coprophagia in early life tunes expression of immune genes after weaning in rabbit ileum. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8898. [PMID: 38632468 PMCID: PMC11024171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Coprophagia by suckling rabbits, i.e. ingestion of feces from their mother, reduces mortality after weaning. We hypothesized that this beneficial effect of coprophagia is immune-mediated at the intestinal level. Therefore, this study investigated immune development after weaning by analyzing the ileal transcriptome at day 35 and 49 in rabbits with differential access to coprophagia in early life. Rabbit pups had access between day 1 and 15 to (i) no feces (NF) or (ii) feces from unrelated does (Foreign Feces, FF) or (iii) feces from unrelated does treated with antibiotics (FFab). 350 genes were differentially expressed between day 35 and day 49 in suckling rabbits with access to coprophagia. These genes coded for antimicrobial peptides, a mucin, cytokines and chemokines, pattern recognition receptors, proteins involved in immunoglobulin A secretion and in interferon signaling pathway. Strikingly, prevention of coprophagia or access to feces from antibiotic-treated does in early life blunted immune development between day 35 et 49 in the ileum of rabbits. Thus, coprophagia might be crucial for the maturation of intestinal immunity in rabbits and could explain why this behavior improves survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cauquil
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - M Beaumont
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - B Schmaltz-Panneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - L Liaubet
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Y Lippi
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - C Naylies
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - L Bluy
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - M Poli
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - L Gress
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - C Lencina
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - V Duranthon
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - S Combes
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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Bertholdt C, Morel O, Hossu G, Cherifi A, Beaumont M, Eszto ML. Evaluation of utero-placental vascularization using contrast-enhanced ultrasound: Early first trimester maternal perfusion of the intervillous space is confirmed. Placenta 2024; 148:53-58. [PMID: 38401206 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective was to confirm and semiquantify the maternal perfusion of the intervillous space between 8 and 13 + 6 gestational weeks (GW). METHODS We conducted a prospective, multicenter, and nonrandomized open study. Women undergoing voluntary termination of pregnancy at three different gestational ages (Group 8 GW: 8 to 8 + 6 GW, Group 11GW: 11 to 11 + 6 GW and Group 13GW: 13 to 13 + 6 GW) were included, with 14 subjects per group. Women presenting with a personal risk of preeclampsia and/or intrauterine growth restriction were excluded. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed with an intravenous bolus administration of 2.4 mL of microbubbles. The region of interest (ROI) was the entire placenta. The perfusion curves and kinetic parameters, including wash-in perfusion index, peak enhancement and mean transit time, were calculated. RESULTS Of the 42 women initially included, interpretable perfusion curves could be obtained for 33. Regardless of the gestational age, contrast was observed in the entire placenta. No significant difference in perfusion parameters was observed between groups. There was an association between signal intensity and both maternal heart frequency and placental location. Signal intensity was decreased when the heart frequency increased (p < 0.05) and when the placenta was in a nonanterior position (p > 0.005). DISCUSSION We confirmed the presence of maternal perfusion of the intervillous space as early as 8 GW. No significant increase in perfusion parameters was observed between 8 and 13 + 6 GW. Our observations, in accordance with the previous experiment published by Roberts et al.1, strongly challenge the classic trophoblastic plug theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bertholdt
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-NANCY, Pôle de la Femme, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France.
| | - O Morel
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-NANCY, Pôle de la Femme, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - G Hossu
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France; CHRU-NANCY, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - A Cherifi
- CHRU-NANCY, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - M Beaumont
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France; CHRU-NANCY, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - M L Eszto
- Obstetric Department, Metz-Thionville Regional Hospital Center, Mercy Hospital, 1 Allée du Château, 57085, Metz, Cedex 03, France
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Dave A, Charytonowicz D, Francoeur NJ, Beaumont M, Beaumont K, Schmidt H, Zeleke T, Silva J, Sebra R. The Breast Cancer Single-Cell Atlas: Defining cellular heterogeneity within model cell lines and primary tumors to inform disease subtype, stemness, and treatment options. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:603-628. [PMID: 36598637 PMCID: PMC10205851 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast Cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women; however, through significant research, relative survival rates have significantly improved. Despite progress, there remains a gap in our understanding of BC subtypes and personalized treatments. This manuscript characterized cellular heterogeneity in BC cell lines through scRNAseq to resolve variability in subtyping, disease modeling potential, and therapeutic targeting predictions. METHODS We generated a Breast Cancer Single-Cell Cell Line Atlas (BSCLA) to help inform future BC research. We sequenced over 36,195 cells composed of 13 cell lines spanning the spectrum of clinical BC subtypes and leveraged publicly available data comprising 39,214 cells from 26 primary tumors. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering identified 49 subpopulations within the cell line dataset. We resolve ambiguity in subtype annotation comparing expression of Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 genes. Gene correlations with disease subtype highlighted S100A7 and MUCL1 overexpression in HER2 + cells as possible cell motility and localization drivers. We also present genes driving populational drifts to generate novel gene vectors characterizing each subpopulation. A global Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) scoring vector was used to identify stemness potential for subpopulations and model multi-potency. Finally, we overlay the BSCLA dataset with FDA-approved targets to identify to predict the efficacy of subpopulation-specific therapies. CONCLUSION The BSCLA defines the heterogeneity within BC cell lines, enhancing our overall understanding of BC cellular diversity to guide future BC research, including model cell line selection, unintended sample source effects, stemness factors between cell lines, and cell type-specific treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Dave
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave - Icahn (East) Building, Floor 14, Room 14-20E, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Daniel Charytonowicz
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave - Icahn (East) Building, Floor 14, Room 14-20E, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Nancy J. Francoeur
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave - Icahn (East) Building, Floor 14, Room 14-20E, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Pacific Biosciences, CA Menlo Park, USA
| | - Michael Beaumont
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave - Icahn (East) Building, Floor 14, Room 14-20E, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Kristin Beaumont
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave - Icahn (East) Building, Floor 14, Room 14-20E, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | | | - Tizita Zeleke
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Jose Silva
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave - Icahn (East) Building, Floor 14, Room 14-20E, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
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Beaumont M, Latiers AC, Prieur G. [The role of the physiotherapist in the assessment and management of dyspnea]. Rev Mal Respir 2023; 40:169-187. [PMID: 36682956 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The role of the physiotherapist in the assessment and management of dyspnea. Dyspnea is the most common symptom in cardio-respiratory diseases. Recently improved comprehension of dyspnea mechanisms have underlined the need for three-faceted assessment. The three key aspects correspond to the "breathing, thinking, functioning" clinical model, which proposes a multidimensional - respiratory, emotional and functional - approach. Before initiating treatment, it is essential for several reasons to assess each specific case, determining the type of dyspnea affecting the patient, appraising the impact of shortness of breath, and estimating the effectiveness of the treatment applied. The physiotherapist has a major role to assume in the care of dyspneic patients, not only in assessment followed by treatment but also as a major collaborator in a multidisciplinary team, especially with regard to pulmonary rehabilitation. The aim of this review is to inventory the existing assessment tools and the possible physiotherapies for dyspnea, using a holistic approach designed to facilitate the choice of techniques and to improve quality of care by fully addressing the patient's needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beaumont
- Service de réadaptation respiratoire, Centre Hospitalier des Pays de Morlaix, Morlaix, France; Inserm, Univ Brest, CHRU Brest, UMR 1304, GETBO, Brest, France.
| | - A C Latiers
- Service ORL, Stomatologie et Soins Continus, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgique
| | - G Prieur
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL & Dermatologie, Groupe de Recherche en Kinésithérapie Respiratoire, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgique; Université de Normandie, UNIROUEN, EA3830-GRHV, 76000 Rouen, France; Groupe Hospitalier du Havre, Service de pneumologie et de réadaptation respiratoire, avenue Pierre Mendes France, 76290 Montivilliers, France; Institut de Recherche et Innovation en Biomédecine (IRIB), 76000 Rouen, France
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Webster ALH, Sanders MA, Patel K, Dietrich R, Noonan RJ, Lach FP, White RR, Goldfarb A, Hadi K, Edwards MM, Donovan FX, Hoogenboezem RM, Jung M, Sridhar S, Wiley TF, Fedrigo O, Tian H, Rosiene J, Heineman T, Kennedy JA, Bean L, Rosti RO, Tryon R, Gonzalez AM, Rosenberg A, Luo JD, Carroll TS, Shroff S, Beaumont M, Velleuer E, Rastatter JC, Wells SI, Surrallés J, Bagby G, MacMillan ML, Wagner JE, Cancio M, Boulad F, Scognamiglio T, Vaughan R, Beaumont KG, Koren A, Imielinski M, Chandrasekharappa SC, Auerbach AD, Singh B, Kutler DI, Campbell PJ, Smogorzewska A. Genomic signature of Fanconi anaemia DNA repair pathway deficiency in cancer. Nature 2022; 612:495-502. [PMID: 36450981 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA), a model syndrome of genome instability, is caused by a deficiency in DNA interstrand crosslink repair resulting in chromosome breakage1-3. The FA repair pathway protects against endogenous and exogenous carcinogenic aldehydes4-7. Individuals with FA are hundreds to thousands fold more likely to develop head and neck (HNSCC), oesophageal and anogenital squamous cell carcinomas8 (SCCs). Molecular studies of SCCs from individuals with FA (FA SCCs) are limited, and it is unclear how FA SCCs relate to sporadic HNSCCs primarily driven by tobacco and alcohol exposure or infection with human papillomavirus9 (HPV). Here, by sequencing genomes and exomes of FA SCCs, we demonstrate that the primary genomic signature of FA repair deficiency is the presence of high numbers of structural variants. Structural variants are enriched for small deletions, unbalanced translocations and fold-back inversions, and are often connected, thereby forming complex rearrangements. They arise in the context of TP53 loss, but not in the context of HPV infection, and lead to somatic copy-number alterations of HNSCC driver genes. We further show that FA pathway deficiency may lead to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and enhanced keratinocyte-intrinsic inflammatory signalling, which would contribute to the aggressive nature of FA SCCs. We propose that the genomic instability in sporadic HPV-negative HNSCC may arise as a result of the FA repair pathway being overwhelmed by DNA interstrand crosslink damage caused by alcohol and tobacco-derived aldehydes, making FA SCC a powerful model to study tumorigenesis resulting from DNA-crosslinking damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L H Webster
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mathijs A Sanders
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation (CASM), Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.,Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Krupa Patel
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ralf Dietrich
- Deutsche Fanconi-Anämie-Hilfe e.V, Unna-Siddinghausen, Germany
| | - Raymond J Noonan
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francis P Lach
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan R White
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Audrey Goldfarb
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Hadi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew M Edwards
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Frank X Donovan
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Remco M Hoogenboezem
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Moonjung Jung
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sunandini Sridhar
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tom F Wiley
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Fedrigo
- Vertebrate Genomes Laboratory, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huasong Tian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel Rosiene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Heineman
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer A Kennedy
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenzo Bean
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rasim O Rosti
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Tryon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Allana Rosenberg
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ji-Dung Luo
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas S Carroll
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sanjana Shroff
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences. Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences. Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eunike Velleuer
- Institute for Pathology, Department for Cytopathology, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Pediatric Cancer Center, Helios Hospital Krefeld, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jeff C Rastatter
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Susanne I Wells
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jordi Surrallés
- Genomic Instability and DNA Repair Syndromes Group and Joint Research Unit on Genomic Medicine UAB-Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grover Bagby
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular and Medical Genetics, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - John E Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Maria Cancio
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Farid Boulad
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Roger Vaughan
- Department of Biostatistics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristin G Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences. Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amnon Koren
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Marcin Imielinski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Settara C Chandrasekharappa
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arleen D Auerbach
- Human Genetics and Hematology Program, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bhuvanesh Singh
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David I Kutler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter J Campbell
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation (CASM), Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Agata Smogorzewska
- Laboratory of Genome Maintenance, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Dupont A, Hossu G, Cherifi A, Beaumont M, Mandry D, Poussel M. From training to overtraining: The necessity of an integrated approach. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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7
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Bertholdt C, Dap M, Pillot R, Chavatte-Palmer P, Morel O, Beaumont M. Assessment of placental perfusion using contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A longitudinal study in pregnant rabbit. Theriogenology 2022; 187:135-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dave A, Nekritz E, Charytonowicz D, Beaumont M, Smith M, Beaumont K, Silva J, Sebra R. Integration of Single-Cell Transcriptomics With a High Throughput Functional Screening Assay to Resolve Cell Type, Growth Kinetics, and Stemness Heterogeneity Within the Comma-1D Cell Line. Front Genet 2022; 13:894597. [PMID: 36630696 PMCID: PMC9237515 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.894597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell lines are one of the most frequently implemented model systems in life sciences research as they provide reproducible high throughput testing. Differentiation of cell cultures varies by line and, in some cases, can result in functional modifications within a population. Although research is increasingly dependent on these in vitro model systems, the heterogeneity within cell lines has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we have leveraged high throughput single-cell assays to investigate the Comma-1D mouse cell line that is known to differentiate in culture. Using scRNASeq and custom single-cell phenotype assays, we resolve the clonal heterogeneity within the referenced cell line on the genomic and functional level. We performed a cohesive analysis of the transcriptome of 5,195 sequenced cells, of which 85.3% of the total reads successfully mapped to the mm10-3.0.0 reference genome. Across multiple gene expression analysis pipelines, both luminal and myoepithelial lineages were observed. Deep differential gene expression analysis revealed eight subclusters identified as luminal progenitor, luminal differentiated, myoepithelial differentiated, and fibroblast subpopulations-suggesting functional clustering within each lineage. Gene expression of published mammary stem cell (MaSC) markers Epcam, Cd49f, and Sca-1 was detected across the population, with 116 (2.23%) sequenced cells expressing all three markers. To gain insight into functional heterogeneity, cells with patterned MaSC marker expression were isolated and phenotypically investigated through a custom single-cell high throughput assay. The comparison of growth kinetics demonstrates functional heterogeneity within each cell cluster while also illustrating significant limitations in current cell isolation methods. We outlined the upstream use of our novel automated cell identification platform-to be used prior to single-cell culture-for reduced cell stress and improved rare cell identification and capture. Through compounding single-cell pipelines, we better reveal the heterogeneity within Comma-1D to identify subpopulations with specific functional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Dave
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Erin Nekritz
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Daniel Charytonowicz
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Melissa Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Kristin Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jose Silva
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Center for Advanced Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Sema4, A Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT, United States,*Correspondence: Robert Sebra,
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9
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Reychler G, Beaumont M, Contal O, Georges M. La kinésithérapie respiratoire en 2022 : une approche multimodale. Rev Mal Respir 2022; 39:319-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Ultrasound imaging is a vital tool for exploring in vivo the placental function which is essential to understand pathological phenomena such as preeclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction. As technology advances including ready availability of three-dimensional (3D) probes and novel software, new markers of placental function become possible. The objective of this review was to provide an overview of the new ultrasound markers of placental function with a focus on the potential clinical application of three-dimensional power Doppler (3DPD). A broad-free text literature search was undertaken based on human placental studies and sixty full-text studies were included in this review. Three-dimensional power Doppler is a promising technique to predict preeclampsia in the first trimester. However, the influence of external factors such as body mass index, parameter standardisation and machine settings still need to be addressed. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is currently reserved for research, because the required injected contrast mediums are not currently approved for use in pregnancy, although the safety data is reassuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bertholdt
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, F-54000 Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - M Dap
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - M Beaumont
- CHRU-Nancy, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - J Duan
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Hubei, 430071, China; Gynecology and Obstetrical Service, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - O Morel
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, F-54000 Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000 Nancy, France
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Prévost V, Beaumont M. Survey about the liberal nurses' practice on the use of lower limb venous compression devices in people over 65-years-old in France. J Med Vasc 2021; 46:249-253. [PMID: 34862020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdmv.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Prévost
- Hôpital de jour gériatrique, centre hospitalier Michel-Mazéas, Douarnenez, France.
| | - M Beaumont
- EA3878 (GETBO), CHU de Brest, Brest, France
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Pujadas E, Beaumont M, Shah H, Schrode N, Francoeur N, Shroff S, Bryce C, Grimes Z, Gregory J, Donnelly R, Fowkes ME, Beaumont KG, Sebra R, Cordon-Cardo C. Molecular Profiling of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Autopsies Uncovers Novel Disease Mechanisms. Am J Pathol 2021; 191:2064-2071. [PMID: 34506752 PMCID: PMC8423774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Current understanding of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology is limited by disease heterogeneity, complexity, and a paucity of studies assessing patient tissues with advanced molecular tools. Rapid autopsy tissues were evaluated using multiscale, next-generation RNA-sequencing methods (bulk, single-nuclei, and spatial transcriptomics) to provide unprecedented molecular resolution of COVID-19-induced damage. Comparison of infected/uninfected tissues revealed four major regulatory pathways. Effectors within these pathways could constitute novel therapeutic targets, including the complement receptor C3AR1, calcitonin receptor–like receptor, or decorin. Single-nuclei RNA sequencing of olfactory bulb and prefrontal cortex highlighted remarkable diversity of coronavirus receptors. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 was rarely expressed, whereas basigin showed diffuse expression, and alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane, was associated with vascular/mesenchymal cell types. Comparison of lung and lymph node tissues from patients with different symptoms (one had died after a month-long hospitalization with multiorgan involvement, and the other had died after a few days of respiratory symptoms) with digital spatial profiling resulted in distinct molecular phenotypes. Evaluation of COVID-19 rapid autopsy tissues with advanced molecular techniques can identify pathways and effectors, map diverse receptors at the single-cell level, and help dissect differences driving diverging clinical courses among individual patients. Extension of this approach to larger data sets will substantially advance the understanding of the mechanisms behind COVID-19 pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Pujadas
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Michael Beaumont
- Departments of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hardik Shah
- Departments of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nadine Schrode
- Departments of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nancy Francoeur
- Departments of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sanjana Shroff
- Departments of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Clare Bryce
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Zachary Grimes
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jill Gregory
- Academic Informatics and Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ryan Donnelly
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Mary E Fowkes
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kristin G Beaumont
- Departments of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Robert Sebra
- Departments of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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Beaumont M, Le Tallec F, Villiot-Danger E. [Inspiratory muscle training during pulmonary rehabilitation]. Rev Mal Respir 2021; 38:754-767. [PMID: 33879382 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is part of the management of patients with pulmonary diseases during rehabilitation. Since the last recommendations of the Société de pneumologie de langue française, several studies have focused on the role of inspiratory muscle training during pulmonary rehabilitation. BACKGROUND IMT, in comparison to standard care or sham-IMT, improves the strength and endurance of the inspiratory muscles, decreases dyspnoea during the activities of daily living, improves walking distance and quality of life. However, the different studies did not show an additional effect of IMT during a pulmonary rehabilitation program compared to a rehabilitation program without IMT, with regard to improvement of exercise capacity and quality of life. OUTLOOK One study showed an improvement in dyspnoea of effort, but these results are yet to be confirmed. Finally, it seems appropriate to associate IMT with an exercise-training program before chest or abdominal surgery, even if further studies are necessary. CONCLUSION During a pulmonary rehabilitation program, IMT does not provide additional benefits. However, when patients cannot perform a global exercise training, IMT has shown benefit. IMT provides additional benefits in pre-operative programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beaumont
- Service de réhabilitation respiratoire, centre hospitalier des Pays de Morlaix, Morlaix, France; Laboratoire GETBO (EA3878), CIC Inserm 1412, centre hospitalier universitaire de Brest, Brest, France.
| | - F Le Tallec
- Service de kinésithérapie, centre hospitalier privé Saint-Grégoire, Rennes, France
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Butler IR, Beaumont M, Bruce MI, Zaitseva NN, Iggo JA, Robertson C, Horton PN, Coles SJ. Synthesis and Structures of 1,1′,2-Tribromoferrocene, 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrabromoferrocene, 1,1′,2,2′-Tetrabromoruthenocene: Expanding the Range of Precursors for the Metallocene Chemist’s Toolkit. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch19184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterisation, and isolation of 1,1′,2-tribromoferrocene and 1,1′,2,2′-tetrabromoferrocene, which are key synthons in ferrocene chemistry, are described. These compounds are prepared using α-halide assisted lithiation. The crystal structures of 1,1′,2-tribromoferrocene, 1,1′,2,2′-tetrabromoferrocene, 1,1′-dibromoruthenocene, and 1,1′,2,2′-tetrabromoruthenocene have been determined and are reported together with a brief discussion of the intramolecular forces involved in the crystal structures.
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Louis JS, Odille F, Mandry D, De Chillou C, Huttin O, Felblinger J, Venner C, Beaumont M. Design and evaluation of an abbreviated pixelwise dynamic contrast enhancement analysis protocol for early extracellular volume fraction estimation. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 76:61-68. [PMID: 33227403 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION T1-based method is considered as the gold standard for extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping. This technique requires at least a 10 min delay after injection to acquire the post injection T1 map. Quantitative analysis of Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) images could lead to an earlier estimation of an ECV like parameter (2 min). The purpose of this study was to design a quantitative pixel-wise DCE analysis workflow to assess the feasibility of an early estimation of ECV. METHODS Fourteen patients with mitral valve prolapse were included in this study. The MR protocol, performed on a 3 T MR scanner, included MOLLI sequences for T1 maps acquisition and a standard SR-turboFlash sequence for dynamic acquisition. DCE data were acquired for at least 120 s. We implemented a full DCE analysis pipeline with a pre-processing step using an innovative motion correction algorithm (RC-REG algorithm) and a post-processing step using the extended Tofts Model (ECVETM). Estimated ECVETM maps were compared to standard T1-based ECV maps (ECVT1) with both a Pearson correlation analysis and a group-wise analysis. RESULTS Image and map quality assessment showed systematic improvements using the proposed workflow. Strong correlation was found between ECVETM, and ECVT1 values (r-square = 0.87). CONCLUSION A DCE analysis workflow based on RC-REG algorithm and ETM analysis can provide good quality parametric maps. Therefore, it is possible to extract ECV values from a 2 min-long DCE acquisition that are strongly correlated with ECV values from the T1 based method.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Louis
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
| | - F Odille
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; CIC-IT, INSERM 1433, Université de Lorraine and CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.
| | - D Mandry
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; Pôle Imagerie, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.
| | - C De Chillou
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; Pôle Cardiologie, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.
| | - O Huttin
- Pôle Cardiologie, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.
| | - J Felblinger
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; CIC-IT, INSERM 1433, Université de Lorraine and CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France; Pôle Imagerie, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.
| | - C Venner
- Pôle Cardiologie, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - M Beaumont
- IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; CIC-IT, INSERM 1433, Université de Lorraine and CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.
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Chakravarty D, Wang Z, Rossi M, Ratnani P, Reva B, Rykunov D, Bhatt K, Wagaskar V, Weil R, Beaumont K, Beaumont M, Maayan A, Sebra R, Bhardwaj N, Nair SS, Tewari AK. Abstract 1313: Genomic and transcriptomic profiles of primary prostate cancer identify unique targets for therapeutic intervention. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment and genomic landscape of intermediate and high-risk primary localized prostate cancers are clinically heterogeneous and result in variable treatment response in individuals. Cancer-specific alterations at DNA and RNA level is a critical driver of intra-tumoral heterogeneity that significantly impacts the molecular processes which influence the path of disease progression and outcome. In this study, we have performed genomic and transcriptomic analysis of 267 primary prostate cancer. Our analysis revealed actionable alterations and gene signatures for risk stratification and decision support. Clinically significant variants were detected in DNA repair (HR and Mismatch pathway), PI3/AKT, and TP53 signaling pathways with a strong association with disease progression. Further, single-cell analysis (scRNA-seq) of prostate cancer that progressed to metastasis post-therapy identified the unique tumor and immune cell-clusters. Functional annotation of these clusters and drug repurposing studies revealed novel targets for therapeutic intervention that was validated using organoid cultures. Our studies show that an Integrated analysis using genomic, clinical, and pathological features has the potential to define prostate cancer subtypes or phenotypes associated with poor prognosis. Our approach can advance prostate cancer treatment in patients with adverse clinical features by providing treatment options beyond the standard of care (surgery or radiation) and with better therapeutic benefit.
Citation Format: Dimple Chakravarty, Zichen Wang, Michael Rossi, Parita Ratnani, Boris Reva, Dmitry Rykunov, Kamala Bhatt, Vinayak Wagaskar, Rachel Weil, Kristin Beaumont, Michael Beaumont, Avi Maayan, Robert Sebra, Nina Bhardwaj, Sujit S. Nair, Ashutosh K. Tewari. Genomic and transcriptomic profiles of primary prostate cancer identify unique targets for therapeutic intervention [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1313.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zichen Wang
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Boris Reva
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Kamala Bhatt
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Rachel Weil
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Avi Maayan
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Robert Sebra
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Sujit S. Nair
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Bertholdt C, Chen B, Dap M, Morel O, Beaumont M. Comments on "Placental vascular tree characterization based on ex-vivo MRI with a potential application for placental insufficiency assessment". Placenta 2020; 101:251. [PMID: 33092722 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Bertholdt
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-NANCY, Pôle de de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France.
| | - B Chen
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France; CHRU-NANCY, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - M Dap
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-NANCY, Pôle de de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - O Morel
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-NANCY, Pôle de de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, F-54000, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - M Beaumont
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, F-54000, Nancy, France; CHRU-NANCY, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, CIC, Innovation Technologique, F-54000, Nancy, France
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Horcajada MN, Beaumont M, Sauvageot N, Poquet L, Saboudjian M, Hick AC, Costes B, Garcia L, Henrotin Y. FRI0653-HPR AN OLEUROPEIN-BASED DIETARY SUPPLEMENT IMPROVES JOINT FUNCTIONALITY IN OLDER PEOPLE WITH HIGH KNEE JOINT PAIN. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:OLE provides oleuropein the most prevalent phenolic component in olive leaves and has been shown to have potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects potentially interesting for joint health (1).Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 6-month intervention with an Olive Leaf Extract (OLE) standardized for oleuropein content on knee functionality and biomarkers of bone/cartilage metabolism and inflammation.Methods:The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centric trial of 124 subjects with mild knee pain or mobility issues. Subjects were randomized equally to receive twice a day one capsule of either maltodextrin (control treatment, CT) or 125-mg OLE (BonoliveTM, an Olive Leaf Extract containing 50 mg of Oleuropein) for 6 months. The co-primary endpoints were Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) using a self-administered questionnaire and serum Coll2-1NO2 specific biomarker of cartilage degradation. The secondary endpoints were each of the five sub-scales of the KOOS questionnaire, Knee pain VAS score at rest and at walking, OARSI core set of performance-based tests and serum biomarkers (Coll2-1, MPO, CTX1, osteocalcin, PGE2 and Vplex cytokines assay in serum) and concentration of Oleuropein’s metabolites in urine.Results:Primary (global KOOS score, biomarker Coll2-1 NO2) and secondary endpoints (the five subscales of the KOOS score) improved time dependently in both groups. OLE treatment showed significantly elevated urinary oleuropein metabolites (oleuropein aglycone, hydroxytyrosol, homovanillyl alcohol and isomer of homovanillyl alcohol), and was well tolerated without significant differences in number of subjects with adverse events. At 6 months, OLE group showed a higher global KOOS score compared to placebo (treatment difference = 3.73; 95% CI = [-4.08;11.54]; p = 0.34), without significant changes of inflammatory and cartilage remodeling biomarkers. Subgroup analyses demonstrated a large and significant treatment effect of OLE in subjects with high walking pain at baseline (14.4; 95% CI = [1.19;27.63], p=0.03). This was observed at 6 months for the global KOOS score and each different subscale and for pain at walking (-23.07;95% CI = [-41.8;-4.2];p=0.02). These treatment effects at 6 months were significant for KOOS score as well as for the subscales Pain and QoL and the pain at walking.Conclusion:OLE was not effective on joint discomfort in people with low to moderate pain at baseline but significantly benefited subjects with high pain at treatment initiation. As oleuropein is well-tolerated, OLE can be used to relieve knee joint pain and enhance mobility in subjects with articular pain the most painful subjects.References:[1] Horcajada MN, Sanchez C, Membrez Scalfo F, Drion P, Comblain F, Taralla S, Donneau AF, Offord EA, Henrotin Y. Oleuropein or rutin consumption decreases the spontaneous development of osteoarthritis in the Hartley guinea pig. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2015 Jan;23(1):94-102Disclosure of Interests:Marie-Noelle Horcajada Employee of: nestlé, Maurice Beaumont Employee of: nestle, Nicolas Sauvageot Employee of: Nestlé, Laure Poquet Employee of: Nestlé, Madleen Saboudjian Employee of: Nestlé, Anne-Christine Hick Employee of: Artialis SA, Berenice Costes Employee of: Artialis SA, Laetitia Garcia Employee of: Artialis, Yves Henrotin Grant/research support from: HEEL, TILMAN
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Péran L, Le Ber C, Pichon R, Cabillic M, Beaumont M. [Follow-up and evaluation of plans developed during pulmonary rehabilitation]. Rev Mal Respir 2018; 35:929-938. [PMID: 30201399 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary rehabilitation inevitably contains two essential components: therapeutic education and exercise training. The principal aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution over a year of the realization of plans determined during a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP). METHODS At the end of a PRP the patient made plans in accordance with his health condition. A telephone enquiry was undertaken at 3, 7 and 12 months to evaluate the progress of the plans, the motivation to perform them, dyspnoea and quality of life. RESULTS The data of 65 patients were analyzed (87 inclusions). Fifty-seven percent of the plans continued for one year. Walking had an adherence rating of 71%. Loss of motivation appeared to be the main cause for stopping (20%). Quality of life remained stable (p=0.39) and an increase in dyspnoea, though statistically significant (p<0.01), was of no clinical relevance. CONCLUSION The majority of plans were maintained but without clinical effect on the quality of life or the level of dyspnoea. Decreased motivation was the major limitation to realization or continuation of the plans. New studies will have to be implemented to analyze the factors which lead to this decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Péran
- Service de réhabilitation respiratoire, centre hospitalier des Pays de Morlaix, 29672 Morlaix, France.
| | - C Le Ber
- Service de réhabilitation respiratoire, centre hospitalier des Pays de Morlaix, 29672 Morlaix, France
| | - R Pichon
- Service de réhabilitation respiratoire, centre hospitalier des Pays de Morlaix, 29672 Morlaix, France
| | | | - M Beaumont
- Service de réhabilitation respiratoire, centre hospitalier des Pays de Morlaix, 29672 Morlaix, France; EA3878 (GETBO), CHU Brest, 29200 Brest, France
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Beaumont M. Pratique du qi gong chez les patients cancéreux du DISSPO du CHU d’Amiens. PSYCHO-ONCOLOGIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11839-017-0639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Beaumont M, Dagher J, Dugay F, Kammerer-Jacquet S, Becker E, Cornevin L, Jaillard S, Mathieu R, Chalmel F, Bensalah K, Rioux-Leclercq N, Belaud-Rotureau M. Étude comparative des profils génétiques des métastases de carcinomes rénaux à cellules claires. Prog Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2017.07.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pallister T, Jackson MA, Martin TC, Glastonbury CA, Jennings A, Beaumont M, Mohney RP, Small KS, MacGregor A, Steves CJ, Cassidy A, Spector TD, Menni C, Valdes AM. Untangling the relationship between diet and visceral fat mass through blood metabolomics and gut microbiome profiling. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:1106-1113. [PMID: 28293020 PMCID: PMC5504448 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Higher visceral fat mass (VFM) is associated with an increased risk for developing cardio-metabolic diseases. The mechanisms by which an unhealthy diet pattern may influence visceral fat (VF) development has yet to be examined through cutting-edge multi-omic methods. Therefore, our objective was to examine the dietary influences on VFM and identify gut microbiome and metabolite profiles that link food intakes to VFM. SUBJECTS/METHODS In 2218 twins with VFM, food intake and metabolomics data available we identified food intakes most strongly associated with VFM in 50% of the sample, then constructed and tested the 'VFM diet score' in the remainder of the sample. Using linear regression (adjusted for covariates, including body mass index and total fat mass), we investigated associations between the VFM diet score, the blood metabolomics profile and the fecal microbiome (n=889), and confirmed these associations with VFM. We replicated top findings in monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant (⩾1 s.d. apart) for VFM, matched for age, sex and the baseline genetic sequence. RESULTS Four metabolites were associated with the VFM diet score and VFM: hippurate, alpha-hydroxyisovalerate, bilirubin (Z,Z) and butyrylcarnitine. We replicated associations between VFM and the diet score (beta (s.e.): 0.281 (0.091); P=0.002), butyrylcarnitine (0.199 (0.087); P=0.023) and hippurate (-0.297 (0.095); P=0.002) in VFM-discordant MZ twins. We identified a single species, Eubacterium dolichum to be associated with the VFM diet score (0.042 (0.011), P=8.47 × 10-5), VFM (0.057 (0.019), P=2.73 × 10-3) and hippurate (-0.075 (0.032), P=0.021). Moreover, higher blood hippurate was associated with elevated adipose tissue expression neuroglobin, with roles in cellular oxygen homeostasis (0.016 (0.004), P=9.82x10-6). CONCLUSIONS We linked a dietary VFM score and VFM to E. dolichum and four metabolites in the blood. In particular, the relationship between hippurate, a metabolite derived from microbial metabolism of dietary polyphenols, and reduced VFM, the microbiome and increased adipose tissue expression of neuroglobin provides potential mechanistic insight into the influence of diet on VFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pallister
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - M A Jackson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - T C Martin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - C A Glastonbury
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - A Jennings
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - M Beaumont
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | | | - K S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - A MacGregor
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - C J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - A Cassidy
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - T D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - C Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - A M Valdes
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK.,Academic Rheumatology Clinical Sciences Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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Beaumont M, Steuer N, Lan A, Grausso M, Marsset-Blaglieri A, Andriamihaja M, Khodorova N, Arinei G, Tomé D, Davila AM, Benamouzig R, Blachier F. Un régime isocalorique riche en protéines animales ou végétales entraîne une modification de la composition fécale associée à un changement du profil transcriptomique dans la muqueuse rectale chez les volontaires en surpoids. NUTR CLIN METAB 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mourier E, Tarrade A, Duan J, Richard C, Bertholdt C, Beaumont M, Morel O, Chavatte-Palmer P. Non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow: lessons from animal models. Reproduction 2016; 153:R85-R96. [PMID: 27845691 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In human obstetrics, placental vascularisation impairment is frequent as well as linked to severe pathological events (preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction), and there is a need for reliable methods allowing non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow. Uteroplacental vascularisation is complex, and animal models are essential for the technical development and safety assessment of these imaging tools for human clinical use; however, these techniques can also be applied in the veterinary context. This paper reviews how ultrasound-based imaging methods such as 2D and 3D Doppler can provide valuable insight for the exploration of placental blood flow both in humans and animals and how new approaches such as the use of ultrasound contrast agents or ultrafast Doppler may allow to discriminate between maternal (non-pulsatile) and foetal (pulsatile) blood flow in the placenta. Finally, functional magnetic resonance imaging could also be used to evaluate placental blood flow, as indicated by studies in animal models, but its safety in human pregnancy still requires to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mourier
- UMR BDRINRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France .,PremUp FoundationParis, France
| | - A Tarrade
- UMR BDRINRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France.,PremUp FoundationParis, France
| | - J Duan
- IADIInserm U947, University of Lorraine, CHRU of Brabois, Nancy, France.,CHRU of Nancypole de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Nancy, France
| | - C Richard
- UMR BDRINRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France.,PremUp FoundationParis, France
| | - C Bertholdt
- IADIInserm U947, University of Lorraine, CHRU of Brabois, Nancy, France.,CHRU of Nancypole de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Nancy, France
| | - M Beaumont
- IADIInserm U947, University of Lorraine, CHRU of Brabois, Nancy, France.,CHRU of Nancypole de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Nancy, France
| | - O Morel
- IADIInserm U947, University of Lorraine, CHRU of Brabois, Nancy, France.,CHRU of Nancypole de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Nancy, France
| | - P Chavatte-Palmer
- UMR BDRINRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France.,PremUp FoundationParis, France
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Khibnik LA, Beaumont M, Doyle M, Heshmati M, Slesinger PA, Nestler EJ, Russo SJ. Stress and Cocaine Trigger Divergent and Cell Type-Specific Regulation of Synaptic Transmission at Single Spines in Nucleus Accumbens. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 79:898-905. [PMID: 26164802 PMCID: PMC4670821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repeated exposure to cocaine or social stress leads to lasting structural and functional synaptic alterations in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of nucleus accumbens (NAc). Although cocaine-induced and stress-induced structural changes in dendritic spines have been well documented, few studies have investigated functional consequences of cocaine and stress at the level of single spines. METHODS We exposed mice to chronic cocaine or chronic social defeat stress and used two-photon laser scanning microscopy with glutamate photo-uncaging and whole-cell recording to examine synaptic strength at individual spines on two distinct types of NAc MSNs in acute slices after 24 hours of cocaine withdrawal and after chronic social defeat stress. RESULTS In animals treated with cocaine, average synaptic strength was reduced specifically at large mushroom spines of MSNs expressing dopamine receptor type 1 (D1-MSNs). In contrast, cocaine promoted a rightward shift in the distribution of synaptic weights toward larger synaptic responses in MSNs expressing dopamine receptor type 2 (D2-MSNs). After chronic social defeat stress, resilient animals displayed an upregulation of synaptic strength at large mushroom spines of D1-MSNs and a concomitant downregulation in D2-MSNs. Although susceptible mice did not exhibit a significant overall change in synaptic strength on D1-MSNs or D2-MSNs, we observed a slight leftward shift in cumulative distribution of large synaptic responses in both cell types. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first functional cell type-specific and spine type-specific comparison of synaptic strength at a single spine level between cocaine-induced and stress-induced neuroadaptations and demonstrates that psychoactive drugs and stress trigger divergent changes in synaptic function in NAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena A. Khibnik
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Michael Beaumont
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Marie Doyle
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Mitra Heshmati
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Paul A. Slesinger
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Eric J. Nestler
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Scott J. Russo
- Corresponding author: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Room 10-20A, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, Tel: (212)659-5917,
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26
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Beaumont M, Kerautret G, Cabillic M. Étude de la reproductibilité des mesures de la force et de l’endurance du quadriceps par dynamométrie manuelle chez des patients atteints d’une BPCO. Rev Mal Respir 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2015.10.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Beaumont M, Goodridge K, Bell J, Clark A, Spector T, Ley R, Steves C. 57FRAILTY AND THE MICROBIOME: A TWIN STUDY. Age Ageing 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afv112.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Beaumont M, Andriamihaja M, Lan A, Khodorova N, Audebert M, Grausso Culetto M, Tomé D, Bouillaud F, Davila AM, Blachier F. MON-PP056: The Bacterial Metabolite Hydrogen Sulfide is More Abundant in Large Intestine of Rats Fed High Protein Diet and Inhibits Colonocyte Respiration in Association with Pro-Inflammatory but not Genotoxic Effects. Clin Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(15)30488-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Beaumont M, Mialon P, Ber-Moy CL, Lochon C, Péran L, Pichon R, Gut-Gobert C, Leroyer C, Morelot-Panzini C, Couturaud F. Inspiratory muscle training during pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chron Respir Dis 2015; 12:305-12. [DOI: 10.1177/1479972315594625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recommended by international guidelines, the benefit of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in addition to rehabilitation remains uncertain. The objective was to demonstrate the effectiveness of IMT on dyspnea using Borg scale and multidimensional dyspnea profile questionnaire at the end of a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with preserved average maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) of 85 cm H2O (95% of predicted (pred.) value) and admitted for a rehabilitation program in a dedicated center. In a randomized trial, comparing IMT versus no IMT in 32 COPD patients without inspiratory muscle weakness (PImax >60 cm H2O) who were admitted for pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for 3 weeks, we evaluated the effect of IMT on dyspnea, using both Borg scale and multidimensional dyspnea profile (MDP) at the end of the 6MWT, and on functional parameters included inspiratory muscle function (PImax) and 6MWT. All testings were performed at the start and the end of PR. In unadjusted analysis, IMT was not found to be associated with an improvement of either dyspnea or PImax. After adjustment on confounders (initial Borg score) and variables of interaction (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)), we found a trend toward an improvement of “dyspnea sensory intensity”, items from MDP and a significant improvement on the variation in the 2 items of MDP (“tight or constricted” and “breathing a lot”). In the subgroup of patients with FEV1 < 50% pred., 5 items of MDP were significantly improved, whereas no benefit was observed in patients with FEV1 > 50% pred. IMT did not significantly improve dyspnea or functional parameter in COPD patients with PImax > 60 cm H2O. However, in the subgroup of patients with FEV1 < 50% pred., MDP was significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beaumont
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, Morlaix Hospital Centre, European University of Occidental Brittany, EA3878, Morlaix, France
| | - P Mialon
- Pulmonary Physiology Unit, EA2438, European University of Occidental Brittany, University Brest Centre, Brest, France
| | - C Le Ber-Moy
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, Morlaix Hospital Centre, European University of Occidental Brittany, EA3878, Morlaix, France
| | - C Lochon
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, Morlaix Hospital Centre, European University of Occidental Brittany, EA3878, Morlaix, France
| | - L Péran
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, Morlaix Hospital Centre, European University of Occidental Brittany, EA3878, Morlaix, France
| | - R Pichon
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, Morlaix Hospital Centre, European University of Occidental Brittany, EA3878, Morlaix, France
| | - C Gut-Gobert
- Department of Internal Medicine and Chest Diseases, University Hospital of Brest, European University of Occidental Brittany, EA3878 (G.E.T.B.O), CIC INSERM 0502, Brest, France
| | - C Leroyer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Chest Diseases, University Hospital of Brest, European University of Occidental Brittany, EA3878 (G.E.T.B.O), CIC INSERM 0502, Brest, France
| | - C Morelot-Panzini
- Pulmonary and Reanimation Unit, Pitié salpétrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - F Couturaud
- Department of Internal Medicine and Chest Diseases, University Hospital of Brest, European University of Occidental Brittany, EA3878 (G.E.T.B.O), CIC INSERM 0502, Brest, France
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Pichon R, Beaumont M, Le Ber-Moy C, Péran L, Couturaud F. Détermination d’une différence minimale importante pour le stepper-test de six minutes chez les patients atteints de BPCO. Rev Mal Respir 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2014.10.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Jaoui D, Mat D, Le Feunteun S, Beaumont M, Blachier F, Souchon I, Michon C, Leclerc M. P184: Transition nutritionnelle, microbiote et santé : dégradation de protéines alimentaires par des espèces dominantes du microbiote intestinal humain. NUTR CLIN METAB 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(14)70826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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32
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Kecir K, Beaumont M, Chen B, Marie P, Felblinger J, Bonnemains L. Quality check of cardiac MRI exams for Fallot patients: Interest of a simple formula to detect invalid exams. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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33
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Joly L, Mandry D, Salvi P, Roux V, Soulis G, Kearney-Schwartz A, Koehl G, Beaumont M, Micard E, Marie P, Benetos A. Inflammation and thoracic aortic structure assessed by PET/CT scan and arterial stiffness in elderly patients. Eur Geriatr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2013.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Singh A, Hacini-Rachinel F, Gosoniu ML, Bourdeau T, Holvoet S, Doucet-Ladeveze R, Beaumont M, Mercenier A, Nutten S. Immune-modulatory effect of probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis NCC2818 in individuals suffering from seasonal allergic rhinitis to grass pollen: an exploratory, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67:161-7. [PMID: 23299716 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Probiotics are defined as 'living micro-organisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host'. Different probiotic strains have been investigated for beneficial effects on allergic disorders. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of orally administering the probiotic Nestlé culture collection (NCC)2818 Bifidobacterium lactis strain on immune parameters and nasal symptom scores in subjects suffering from seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). SUBJECTS/METHODS The study was a double-blinded, parallel, randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted during the peak of the pollen season. Adult subjects with clinical history of SAR and positive skin prick test to grass pollen were recruited. The subjects received B. lactis NCC2818 or placebo for 8 weeks and completed symptom questionnaires every week. Whole blood was collected at baseline (V1), 4 weeks (V2) and 8 weeks (V3) to measure immune parameters. RESULTS Concentrations of Th-2 cytokines, secreted by stimulated blood lymphocytes, were significantly lower in the probiotic group compared with the placebo group at V3 (interleukin (IL)-5, P=0.016; IL-13, P=0.005). Total nasal symptom scores were significantly lower in the second month of the study (weeks 5-8) in the probiotic group compared with the placebo group (P=0.03). Also, percentages of activated CD63 expressing basophils were significantly lower in the probiotic group at V2 (P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of the probiotic NCC2818 mitigates immune parameters and allergic symptoms during seasonal exposure. These promising results warrant that B. lactis NCC2818 be investigated further in large-scale trials for management of respiratory allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Singh
- Allergy Group, Department of Nutrition and Health, Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Beaumont M, Couturaud F, Mialon P, Péran L, Pichon R, Le Ber-Moy C. Effets de l’entraînement des muscles inspiratoires associé à un programme de réhabilitation respiratoire sur la dyspnée. Rev Mal Respir 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2012.10.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nagy K, Ramos L, Courtet-Compondu MC, Braga-Lagache S, Redeuil K, Lobo B, Azpiroz F, Malagelada JR, Beaumont M, Moulin J, Acquistapache S, Sagalowicz L, Kussmann M, Santos J, Holst B, Williamson G. Double-balloon jejunal perfusion to compare absorption of vitamin E and vitamin E acetate in healthy volunteers under maldigestion conditions. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 67:202-6. [PMID: 23212132 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The vitamin E derivative, α-tocopheryl acetate, is often included in formulations used in enteral nutrition. In this respect, we compared α-tocopherol and α-tocopheryl acetate absorption under 'maldigestion' conditions, such as occurring during enteral tube feeding, using differentially labeled RRR-[5,7-methyl-((2)H(6))]-α-tocopherol and RRR-[5-methyl-(2)H(3)]-α-tocopheryl acetate allowing direct comparison between free and esterified forms. SUBJECTS/METHODS The two derivatives were given together in a single dose to six volunteers directly into the jejunum using a double-balloon perfusion system. Perfusion lasted for 1 h, and the collected blood and effluent samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS In the isolated 20-cm length of exposed jejunum, on average ~ 6% of the two vitamin E forms were absorbed >1 h based on subtraction of effluent from influent. There was substantial difference in the absolute absorbed quantity between individuals, but no significant differences were observed in the absorption between the two labeled forms as assessed in the plasma. (2)H(3)-α-tocopherol was not present in the influent, but appeared in the effluent, indicating that the acetylated form of vitamin E is cleaved by brush border enzymes in the small intestine. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that even in the absence of digestive enzymes and bile salts, the appropriately solubilized acetylated form of α-tocopherol exhibits the same bioavailability as free α-tocopherol. This suggests that both forms can be absorbed equally under maldigestion conditions such as present clinically during enteral tube feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nagy
- Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Pouteau E, Bovetto L, Schlup-ollivier G, Grathwohl D, Beaumont M, Macé C. PP226-MON MICROGEL FORMATION OF WHEY PROTEIN REDUCES ITS INSULINOGENIC INDEX WITHOUT MODIFYING GLYCEMIC RESPONSE IN HEALTHY MEN. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1744-1161(12)70565-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Marchionni I, Beaumont M, Maccaferri G. The chemokine CXCL12 and the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 regulate spontaneous activity of Cajal-Retzius cells in opposite directions. J Physiol 2012; 590:3185-202. [PMID: 22473778 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2011.224873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in Cajal–Retzius cells by CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) is important for controlling their excitability. CXCR4 is also a co-receptor for the glycoprotein 120 (gp120) of the envelope of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and binding of gp120 to CXCR4 may produce pathological effects. In order to study CXCR4-dependent modulation of membrane excitability, we recorded in cell-attached configuration spontaneous action currents from hippocampal stratum lacunosum-moleculare Cajal–Retzius cells of the CXCR4-EGFP mouse. CXCL12 (50 nM) powerfully inhibited firing independently of synaptic transmission, suggesting that CXCR4 regulates an intrinsic conductance. This effect was prevented by conditioning slices with BAPTA-AM (200 μM), and by blockers of the BK calcium-dependent potassium channels (TEA (1 mM), paxilline (10 μM) and iberiotoxin (100 nM)). In contrast, exposure to gp120 (pico- to nanomolar range, alone or in combination with soluble cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)), enhanced spontaneous firing frequency. This effect was prevented by the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 (1 μM) and was absent in EGFP-negative stratum lacunosum-moleculare interneurons. Increased excitability was prevented by treating slices with BAPTA-AM or bumetanide, suggesting that gp120 activates a mechanism that is both calcium- and chloride-dependent. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CXCL12 and gp120 modulate the excitability of Cajal–Retzius cells in opposite directions. We propose that CXCL12 and gp120 either generate calcium responses of different strength or activate distinct pools of intracellular calcium, leading to agonist-specific responses, mediated by BK channels in the case of CXCL12, and by a chloride-dependent mechanism in the case of gp120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Marchionni
- Northwestern University, Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Ave, Tarry Blg Rm 5-707, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Péran L, Lochon C, Beaumont M, Pichon R. Effet de la réhabilitation respiratoire sur la distension dynamique selon la sévérité de la BPCO d’après l’index BODE. Rev Mal Respir 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.10.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Cabillic M, Rass-Roumeguere D, Peron T, Gouilly P, Beaumont M, Chambellan A. [A survey on the performance of the six-minute walk test]. Rev Mal Respir 2011; 28:1111-23. [PMID: 22123137 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain, through a national survey, whether the performance of the six-minute walk test (MW6) is in accordance with the recommendations of the American thoracic society (ATS). METHODS An anonymous questionnaire was sent electronically to 206 departments of respiratory medicine (39 teaching hospitals and 167 general hospitals) and to respiratory rehabilitation departments provided by the Alveolar group of the SLPF (French language respiratory society), and then distributed on a discussion site specialising in respiratory physiotherapy and a professional information site for physiotherapists. RESULTS One hundred and eleven questionnaires were returned between October 2009 and April 2010, 105 from France. The response rate from hospitals was 30%. The MW6 was performed mainly by physiotherapists and nurses. In 48% there was no precise time for its performance. The site used was a corridor longer than 30 metres in 52% of cases. In 60% the patient was accompanied by the observer. In 35% a familiarisation test was performed, with a delay of 30 minutes or less between the two tests in 62% of these. In 40% encouragement was given. SpO(2) was monitored during the MW6 in 95%. CONCLUSION For many items the recommendations of the ATS are not followed. The differences found were mainly due to constraints on the services (availability of operators and/or patients).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cabillic
- Service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
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Abstract
Synchronous bursting of cortical GABAergic interneurons is important in epilepsies associated with excitatory GABAergic signalling. If electrical coupling was critical for the generation of this pathological activity, then the development of selective blockers of connexin36-based interneuronal gap junctions could be of therapeutic value. We have addressed this issue in the 4-aminopyridine model of epilepsy in vitro by comparing GABAergic epileptiform currents and their sensitivity to gap junction blockers in wild-type vs. connexin36 knockout mice. Although electrical coupling was abolished in stratum lacunosum-moleculare interneurons from knockout animals, epileptiform currents were not eliminated. Furthermore, epileptiform currents propagated similarly across hippocampal layers in the two genotypic groups. Blockade of electrical coupling with carbenoxolone suppressed amplitude, frequency and half-width of the epileptiform currents both in wild-type and in knockout animals, whereas mefloquine had no effects. Carbenoxolone also depressed responses to exogenous and synaptic GABA application onto interneurons. We conclude that, in the 4-aminopyridine model of epilepsy in vitro, connexin36 is not critical for the generation of epileptiform discharges in GABAergic networks and that the observed antiepileptic effects of carbenoxolone are likely to be due to blockade of GABAA receptors and not of connexin36-based gap junctions. Lastly, because of its chemical structure and its effects on amplitude and kinetics of GABAergic currents, we tested the hypothesis that carbenoxolone acted via specific sites on GABAA receptors, such as the one mediating the effects of the neurosteroid pregnenolone sulfate, or the allosteric regulatory site of benzodiazepines/β-carbolines. Our results suggest that neither of these is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Beaumont
- Northwestern University Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Ave, Tarry Blg Rm 5-707, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Major G, Beaumont M, Grathwohl D, Valdez M, Macé K. Addition of calcium to a green tea and caffeine beverage decreases its thermogenic effect. Can J Diabetes 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1499-2671(11)52187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Juengel JL, Haydon LJ, Mester B, Thomson BP, Beaumont M, Eckery DC. The role of IGFs in the regulation of ovarian follicular growth in the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Reproduction 2010; 140:295-303. [PMID: 20522481 DOI: 10.1530/rep-10-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
IGFs are known to be key regulators of ovarian follicular growth in eutherian mammals, but little is known regarding their role in marsupials. To better understand the potential role of IGFs in the regulation of follicular growth in marsupials, expression of mRNAs encoding IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), IGFBP4 and IGFBP5 was localized by in situ hybridization in developing ovarian follicles of the brushtail possum. In addition, the effects of IGF1 and IGF2 on granulosa cell function were tested in vitro. Both granulosa and theca cells synthesize IGF mRNAs, with the theca expressing IGF1 mRNA and granulosa cell expressing IGF2 mRNA. Oocytes and granulosa cells express IGF1R. Granulosa and theca cells expressed IGFBP mRNAs, although the pattern of expression differed between the BPs. IGFBP5 mRNA was differentially expressed as the follicles developed with granulosa cells of antral follicles no longer expressing IGFBP5 mRNA, suggesting an increased IGF bioavailability in the antral follicle. The IGFBP protease, PAPPA mRNA, was also expressed in granulosa cells of growing follicles. Both IGF1 and IGF2 stimulated thymidine incorporation but had no effect on progesterone production. Thus, IGF may be an important regulator of ovarian follicular development in marsupials as has been shown in eutherian mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Juengel
- Wallaceville Animal Research Centre, AgResearch, Upper Hutt 5140, New Zealand AgResearch Ltd, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Puddle Alley, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand.
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Beaumont M, Duggal HV, Mahmood H, Olowokure B. A survey of the preparedness for an influenza pandemic of general practitioners in the West Midlands, UK. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 26:819-23. [PMID: 17690927 PMCID: PMC7088097 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-007-0377-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a lack of evidence regarding the preparedness of general practitioners (GPs) to respond to pandemic influenza. A postal questionnaire survey was conducted to explore the self-perceived pandemic preparedness of GPs in the West Midlands, United Kingdom, and to determine differences between urban and non-urban GPs. The postal questionnaire was sent out to 773 GPs in November 2005, and a reminder was sent in January 2006. In all, 427/773 (55%) questionnaires were returned, and 56% of respondents were aware of influenza pandemic preparedness plans. Approximately one-quarter of respondents (28%, 114/401) thought the response of their practice to a pandemic event would be very poor/poor. Non-urban GPs were significantly more likely to rate the response of their practice to a pandemic as likely to be poor (OR 3.01, 95%CI 1.03–8.76) and were less likely to be aware of pandemic preparedness plans (OR 0.62, 95%CI 0.39–0.99). Non-urban GPs were also significantly more likely to feel less confident in their ability to explain to their patients what to do and why during an influenza pandemic than GPs based in urban areas (OR 4.68, 95%CI 1.78–12.31). GPs rating of the odds of a pandemic affecting the United Kingdom did not differ significantly by geographic location. The results of this paper can be used to inform and influence public health policy and as evidence of a need to provide additional education and training to improve pandemic preparedness among GPs, in particular those in non-urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Beaumont
- Shropshire and Staffordshire Health Protection Unit, Mellor House, Corporation Street, Stafford, ST16 3SR UK
| | - H. V. Duggal
- Shropshire and Staffordshire Health Protection Unit, Mellor House, Corporation Street, Stafford, ST16 3SR UK
| | - H. Mahmood
- Regional Surveillance Unit (West Midlands), Health Protection Agency, 9th Floor Ladywood House, 45 Stephenson Street, Birmingham, B2 4DY UK
| | - B. Olowokure
- Regional Surveillance Unit (West Midlands), Health Protection Agency, 9th Floor Ladywood House, 45 Stephenson Street, Birmingham, B2 4DY UK
- Health Protection Research and Development Unit, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
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Horn EM, Beaumont M, Shu XZ, Harvey A, Prestwich GD, Horn KM, Gibson AR, Preul MC, Panitch A. Influence of cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogels on neurite outgrowth and recovery from spinal cord injury. J Neurosurg Spine 2007; 6:133-40. [PMID: 17330580 DOI: 10.3171/spi.2007.6.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT Therapies that use bioactive materials as replacement extracellular matrices may hold the potential to mitigate the inhibition of regeneration observed after central nervous system trauma. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan ubiquitous in all tissues, was investigated as a potential neural tissue engineering matrix. METHODS Chick dorsal root ganglia were cultured in 3D hydrogel matrices composed of cross-linked thiol-modified HA or fibrin. Samples were cultured and images were acquired at 48-, 60-, and 192-hour time points. Images of all samples were analyzed at 48 hours of incubation to quantify the extent of neurite growth. Cultures in crosslinked thiolated HA exhibited more than a 50% increase in neurite length compared with fibrin samples. Furthermore, cross-linked thiolated HA supported neurites for the entire duration of the culture period, whereas fibrin cultures exhibited collapsed and degenerating extensions beyond 60 hours. Two concentrations of the thiolated HA (0.5 and 1%) were then placed at the site of a complete thoracic spinal cord transection in rats. The ability of the polymer to promote regeneration was tested using motor evoked potentials, retrograde axonal labeling, and behavioral assessments. There were no differences in any of the parameters between rats treated with the polymer and controls. CONCLUSIONS The use of a cross-linked HA scaffold promoted robust neurite outgrowth. Although there was no benefit from the polymer in a rodent spinal cord injury model, the findings in this study represent an early step in the development of semisynthetic extracellular matrice scaffolds for the treatment of neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Horn
- Harrington Department of Bioengineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
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Olowokure B, Wardle SA, Beaumont M, Duggal HV, Colling G. An enquiry into the respiratory health effects on a rural community of a soil mound erected close to residential property. Public Health 2005; 119:217-22. [PMID: 15661133 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2004.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2003] [Revised: 07/27/2004] [Accepted: 08/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The health concerns of a rural community were investigated following the erection of a soil mound in close proximity to residential property. Retrospective comparisons were made of respiratory and non-respiratory consultations with general practitioners between the exposed population and a sociodemographically similar comparison population. A 2-year period was examined, 1 year before and 1 year after the mound was erected. In the 1-year period prior to erection of the mound, similar consultation rates for both respiratory and non-respiratory conditions were observed in both populations. In the 1-year period following erection of the mound, the exposed population was more likely to consult for respiratory conditions than the comparison population (OR=4.10, 95% CI 2.26-7.44). No differences were observed for non-respiratory conditions. We identified a significant increase in respiratory consultations in the exposed population following erection of the soil mound. Limitations associated with this type of study should be considered when interpreting the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Olowokure
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, South Staffordshire Health Authority, Stafford, South Staffordshire, UK.
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Beaumont M, Batéjat D, Piérard C, Van Beers P, Denis JB, Coste O, Doireau P, Chauffard F, French J, Lagarde D. Caffeine or melatonin effects on sleep and sleepiness after rapid eastward transmeridian travel. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2004; 96:50-8. [PMID: 12959951 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00940.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We measured the effects of slow-release caffeine (SRC) and melatonin (Mlt) on sleep and daytime sleepiness after a seven-time zone eastbound flight. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, each of three groups of nine subjects was given either 300 mg SRC on recovery day 1 (D1) to D5 (0800) or 5 mg Mlt on preflight D-1 (1700), flight day D0 (1600), and from D1 to D3 (2300), or placebo (Pbo) at the same times. Nighttime sleep was evaluated by polysomnography and daytime sleepiness from measurements of sleep latencies and continuous wrist actigraphy. Compared with baseline, we found a significant rebound of slow-wave sleep on night 1 (N1) to N2 under Pbo and Mlt and a significant decrease in rapid eye movement sleep on N1 (Pbo) and N1-N3 (Mlt). Sleepiness was objectively increased under Pbo (D1-D6) and Mlt (D1-D3). SRC reduced sleepiness but also tended to affect sleep quality until the last drug day. In conclusion, both drugs have positive effects on some jet lag symptoms after an eastbound flight: SRC on daytime sleepiness, and Mlt on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beaumont
- Department of Physiology, Institut de Médecine Aérospatiale du Service de Santé des Armées, Brétigny sur Orge, Cedex, France.
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Beaumont M, Sanz M, Carli PM, Maloisel F, Thomas X, Detourmignies L, Guerci A, Gratecos N, Rayon C, San Miguel J, Odriozola J, Cahn JY, Huguet F, Vekhof A, Stamatoulas A, Dombret H, Capote F, Esteve J, Stoppa AM, Fenaux P. Therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21:2123-37. [PMID: 12775738 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2003.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze patient cases of therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (tAPL), occurring after chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy (RT) or both for a prior disorder, diagnosed during the last 20 years in three European countries. PATIENTS AND METHODS The primary disorder and its treatment, interval from primary disorder to tAPL, characteristics of tAPL, and its outcome were analyzed in 106 patients. RESULTS Eighty of the 106 cases of tAPL were diagnosed during the last 10 years, indicating an increasing incidence of tAPL. Primary disorders were predominantly breast carcinoma (60 patients), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (15 patients), and other solid tumors (25 patients). Thirty patients had received CT alone, 27 patients had received RT alone, and 49 patients had received both. CT included at least one alkylating agent in 68 patients and at least one topoisomerase II inhibitor in 61 patients, including anthracyclines (30 patients), mitoxantrone (28 patients), and epipodophyllotoxins (19 patients). Median interval from primary disorder to tAPL diagnosis was 25 months (range, 4 to 276 months). Characteristics of tAPL were generally similar to those of de novo APL. With treatment using anthracycline-cytarabine-based CT or all-trans-retinoic acid combined with CT, actuarial survival was 59% at 8 years. CONCLUSION tAPL is not exceptional, and develops usually less than 3 years after a primary neoplasm (especially breast carcinoma) treated in particular with topoisomerase II-targeted drugs (anthracyclines or mitoxantrone and less often etoposide). Characteristics and outcome of tAPL seem similar to those of de novo APL.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Belgium/epidemiology
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Child
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II
- Female
- France/epidemiology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/etiology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Radiation-Induced/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Radiation-Induced/genetics
- Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Lymphoma/radiotherapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Retrospective Studies
- Spain/epidemiology
- Treatment Outcome
- Tretinoin/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beaumont
- Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille, France
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Olowokure B, Jenkinson H, Beaumont M, Duggal HV. The knowledge of healthcare professionals with regard to the treatment and prevention of head lice. Int J Environ Health Res 2003; 13:11-15. [PMID: 12745343 DOI: 10.1080/0960312021000063250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the knowledge and practice of healthcare professionals regarding the prevention and treatment of head lice 18 months after dissemination of local guidelines. A self-administered postal questionnaire was sent to all primary healthcare professionals (general practitioners and practice nurses), community healthcare professionals (community paediatricians, health visitors and school nurses) and pharmacists in South Staffordshire health district, UK. The overall response rate was 48% (range 24-63%). Compared to other groups: community healthcare professionals were more likely to refer to the guidelines and have adequate knowledge of treatment and prevention; pharmacists were least likely to refer to the guidelines; and primary healthcare professionals were most likely to have poor knowledge about prevention and treatment. Overall, healthcare professionals' knowledge regarding prevention methods was significantly better than their knowledge of treatment methods (63% vs. 5%, P <0.00001). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that healthcare professionals' knowledge of control methods for head lice varies widely and is sub-optimal and may contribute to ineffective head lice control.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Olowokure
- Department of Public Health and Health Strategy, South Staffordshire Health Authority, Stafford, UK.
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Abstract
Fermented foodstuffs and condiments remain a key constituents of diets throughout many parts of Asia and Africa. In cases where the process of fermentation evolved for the development of taste or aroma, it often resulted in enhanced nutrition, stabilisation of the original raw materials, and detoxification of anti-nutrient factors. Several fermented products rely on the participation of various Bacillus species, including Bacillus natto and B. subtilis. Often, the finished products are of a very local character and exhibit sensory properties resulting from unique flora and processing technologies applied in small scale, home-based fermentations. Fermentation with B. natto and B. subtilis can produce very characteristic aromas in fermented products such as natto and dawadawa (also referred to as daddawa). Moreover, the hydrolytic capabilities of these microorganisms can result in a precursor-rich environment, which is useful for subsequent reactions leading to flavour production. A 1995 patented process demonstrated the ability to produce a fermented flavouring composition with the use of Bacillus spp. Hydrolysed protein obtained after fermentation with Bacillus spp. is mixed with reactive flavour precursors, which are subsequently heated to induce flavour formation and can be dried to a powder format. The product of this patented process imparts a basic meaty flavour, with a reduced yet characteristic dawadawa-like aroma. This paper briefly summarises some of the characteristics and uses of traditional dawadawa and illustrates alternatives described in the patent for the production of a process flavour base. Issues and considerations for the industrialisation of a fermentation process are briefly discussed, as well as some future opportunities for development and exploitation of traditional fermentation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beaumont
- Nestle Product Technology Centre, New Milford, Connecticut, USA.
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