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Hirschfield GM, Beuers U, Kupcinskas L, Ott P, Bergquist A, Färkkilä M, Manns MP, Parés A, Spengler U, Stiess M, Greinwald R, Pröls M, Wendum D, Drebber U, Poupon R. A placebo-controlled randomised trial of budesonide for PBC following an insufficient response to UDCA. J Hepatol 2021; 74:321-329. [PMID: 32950590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), the efficacy of budesonide, a synthetic corticosteroid displaying high first-pass metabolism, is unresolved. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, we evaluated the added-value of budesonide in those with PBC and ongoing risk of progressive disease despite ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment. METHODS We evaluated 62 patients with PBC who had histologically confirmed hepatic inflammatory activity, according to the Ishak score, and an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) >1.5× upper limit of normal (ULN), after at least 6 months of UDCA therapy. Participants were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive budesonide (9 mg/day) or placebo once daily, for 36 months, with UDCA treatment (12-16 mg/kg body weight/day) maintained. Primary efficacy was defined as improvement of liver histology with respect to inflammation and no progression of fibrosis. Secondary outcomes included changes in biochemical markers of liver injury. RESULTS Recruitment challenges resulted in a study that was underpowered for the primary efficacy analysis. Comparing patients with paired biopsies only (n = 43), the primary histologic endpoint was not met (p >0.05). The proportion of patients with ALP <1.67×ULN, a ≥15% decrease in ALP and normal bilirubin was higher in the budesonide group than in the placebo group at 12, 24, and 36 months (p <0.05, each). In contrast to placebo, budesonide reduced mean ALP and 35% of budesonide-treated patients achieved normalisation of ALP (placebo 9%; p = 0.023). Serious adverse events occurred in 10 patients receiving budesonide and 7 patients receiving placebo. CONCLUSION Budesonide add-on therapy was not associated with improved liver histology in patients with PBC and insufficient response to UDCA; however, improvements in biochemical markers of disease activity were demonstrated in secondary analyses. LAY SUMMARY Around one-third of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) needs additional medical therapy alongside ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment. In this clinical trial, the addition of the corticosteroid budesonide did not improve liver histology; there were however relevant improvements in liver blood tests. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV NUMBER NCT00746486.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon M Hirschfield
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Ulrich Beuers
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Limas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology & Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Peter Ott
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Annika Bergquist
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martti Färkkilä
- Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Clinic of Gastroenterology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Albert Parés
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrich Spengler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Stiess
- Research and Development, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Greinwald
- Research and Development, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Pröls
- Research and Development, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Wendum
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184, rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75571 Paris cedex 12; Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine(CRSA), 75012 Paris, France
| | - Uta Drebber
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Raoul Poupon
- Service d'Hépatologie, Centre national de référence des maladies inflammatoires du foie et des voies biliaires, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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Jayachandran R, Gumienny A, Bolinger B, Ruehl S, Lang MJ, Fucile G, Mazumder S, Tchang V, Woischnig AK, Stiess M, Kunz G, Claudi B, Schmaler M, Siegmund K, Li J, Dertschnig S, Holländer G, Medina E, Karrer U, Moshous D, Bumann D, Khanna N, Rossi SW, Pieters J. Disruption of Coronin 1 Signaling in T Cells Promotes Allograft Tolerance while Maintaining Anti-Pathogen Immunity. Immunity 2019; 50:152-165.e8. [PMID: 30611611 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the immune system to discriminate self from non-self is essential for eradicating microbial pathogens but is also responsible for allograft rejection. Whether it is possible to selectively suppress alloresponses while maintaining anti-pathogen immunity remains unknown. We found that mice deficient in coronin 1, a regulator of naive T cell homeostasis, fully retained allografts while maintaining T cell-specific responses against microbial pathogens. Mechanistically, coronin 1-deficiency increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations to suppress allo-specific T cell responses. Costimulation induced on microbe-infected antigen presenting cells was able to overcome cAMP-mediated immunosuppression to maintain anti-pathogen immunity. In vivo pharmacological modulation of this pathway or a prior transfer of coronin 1-deficient T cells actively suppressed allograft rejection. These results define a coronin 1-dependent regulatory axis in T cells important for allograft rejection and suggest that modulation of this pathway may be a promising approach to achieve long-term acceptance of mismatched allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Geoffrey Fucile
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, sciCORE Computing Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Anne-Kathrin Woischnig
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Mathias Schmaler
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Simone Dertschnig
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - George Holländer
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eva Medina
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Urs Karrer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Despina Moshous
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France and APHP Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Dirk Bumann
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Khanna
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases, University and University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simona W Rossi
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean Pieters
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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3
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Steffen R, Jiang ZD, Gracias Garcia ML, Araujo P, Stiess M, Nacak T, Greinwald R, DuPont HL. Rifamycin SV-MMX® for treatment of travellers' diarrhea: equally effective as ciprofloxacin and not associated with the acquisition of multi-drug resistant bacteria. J Travel Med 2018; 25:5193265. [PMID: 30462260 PMCID: PMC6331114 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/tay116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel oral antibiotic formulation Rifamycin SV-MMX®, with a targeted delivery to the distal small bowel and colon, was superior to placebo in treating travellers' diarrhea (TD) in a previous study. Thus, a study was designed to compare this poorly absorbed antibiotic with the systemic agent ciprofloxacin. METHODS In a randomized double-blind phase 3 study (ERASE), the efficacy and safety of Rifamycin SV-MMX® 400 mg twice daily (RIF-MMX) was compared with ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily in the oral treatment of TD. Overall, 835 international visitors to India, Guatemala or Ecuador with acute TD were randomized to receive a 3-day treatment with RIF-MMX (n = 420) or ciprofloxacin (n = 415). Primary endpoint was time to last unformed stool (TLUS), after which clinical cure was declared. Stools samples for microbiological evaluation were collected at the baseline visit and the end of treatment visit. RESULTS Median TLUS in the RIF-MMX group was 42.8 h versus 36.8 h in the ciprofloxacin group indicating non-inferiority of RIF-MMX to ciprofloxacin (P = 0.0035). Secondary efficacy endpoint results including clinical cure rate, treatment failure rate, requirement of rescue therapy as well as microbiological eradication rate confirmed those of the primary analysis indicating equal efficacy for both compounds. While patients receiving ciprofloxacin showed a significant increase of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing-Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. Coli) colonization rates after 3-days treatment (6.9%), rates did not increase in patients receiving RIF-MMX (-0.3%). Both drugs were well-tolerated and safe. CONCLUSION The novel multi-matrix formulation of the broad-spectrum, poorly absorbed antibiotic Rifamycin SV was found non-inferior to the systemic antibiotic ciprofloxacin in the oral treatment of non-dysenteric TD with the advantage of a lower risk of ESBL-E. Coli acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Steffen
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, WHO Collaborating Centre for Travellers' Health, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences and Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhi-Dong Jiang
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences and Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Prithi Araujo
- Medical Department, NUSI Wockhardt Hospital, Cuncolim, Margao, Goa, India
| | - Michael Stiess
- Research and Development, Dr Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tanju Nacak
- Research and Development, Dr Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Greinwald
- Research and Development, Dr Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Herbert L DuPont
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences and Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Coronin 1, a member of the evolutionary conserved WD repeat protein family of coronin proteins is expressed in all leukocytes, but a role for coronin 1 in natural killer (NK) cell homeostasis and function remains unclear. Here, we have analyzed the number and functionality of NK cells in the presence and absence of coronin 1. In coronin 1-deficient mice, absolute NK cell numbers and phenotype were comparable to wild type mice in blood, spleen and liver. Following in vitro stimulation of the activating NK cell receptors NK1.1, NKp46, Ly49D and NKG2D, coronin 1-deficient NK cells were functional with respect to interferon-γ production, degranulation and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Also, both wild type as well as coronin 1-deficient NK cells showed comparable cytotoxic activity. Furthermore, activation and functionality of NK cells following Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) infection was similar between wild type and coronin 1-deficient mice. Taken together these data suggest that coronin 1 is dispensable for mouse NK cell homeostasis and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Sam Yong Tchang
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Ramistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Stiess
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Siegmund
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Karrer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Ramistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Brauerstrasse 15, CH-8401 Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Jean Pieters
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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5
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Liu X, BoseDasgupta S, Jayachandran R, Studer V, Rühl S, Stiess M, Pieters J. Activation of the cAMP/protein kinase A signalling pathway by coronin 1 is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activity. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:279-87. [PMID: 26823173 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Coronins constitute a family of conserved proteins expressed in all eukaryotes that have been implicated in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular activities. Recent work showed an essential role for coronin 1 in the modulation of the cAMP/PKA pathway in neurons through the interaction of coronin 1 with the G protein subtype Gαs in a stimulus-dependent manner, but the molecular mechanism regulating coronin 1-Gαs interaction remains unclear. We here show that phosphorylation of coronin 1 on Thr(418/424) by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 5 activity was responsible for coronin 1-Gαs association and the modulation of cAMP production. Together these results show an essential role for CDK5 activity in promoting the coronin 1-dependent cAMP/PKA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vera Studer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Switzerland
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6
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Stiess M, Wegehingel S, Nguyen C, Nickel W, Bradke F, Cambridge SB. A Dual SILAC Proteomic Labeling Strategy for Quantifying Constitutive and Cell–Cell Induced Protein Secretion. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:3229-38. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stiess
- Max-Planck-Institute for Neurobiology, Am
Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Munich-Martinsried, Germany
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Wegehingel
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chuong Nguyen
- Department of Structural Biology & Biophysics, Pfizer, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Walter Nickel
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Bradke
- Max-Planck-Institute for Neurobiology, Am
Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Munich-Martinsried, Germany
- Axon
Growth and Regeneration Group, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, 51375 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sidney B. Cambridge
- Department
of Functional Neuroanatomy, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 307, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Siegmund K, Lee WY, Tchang VS, Stiess M, Terracciano L, Kubes P, Pieters J. Corrigendum to "Coronin 1 is dispensable for leukocyte recruitment and liver injury in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis" [Immunol. Lett. 153 (1-2) (2013) 62-70]. Immunol Lett 2014; 160:105. [PMID: 28859836 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Siegmund
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, HRIC 4AA16, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1 Canada.
| | - Woo-Yong Lee
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, HRIC 4AA16, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1 Canada
| | - Vincent S Tchang
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Stiess
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Terracciano
- Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Schönbeinstrasse 40, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Kubes
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, HRIC 4AA16, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1 Canada
| | - Jean Pieters
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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8
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Gomis-Rüth S, Stiess M, Wierenga CJ, Meyn L, Bradke F. Single-cell axotomy of cultured hippocampal neurons integrated in neuronal circuits. Nat Protoc 2014; 9:1028-37. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2014.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Jayachandran R, Liu X, BoseDasgupta S, Müller P, Zhang CL, Moshous D, Studer V, Schneider J, Genoud C, Fossoud C, Gambino F, Khelfaoui M, Müller C, Bartholdi D, Rossez H, Stiess M, Houbaert X, Jaussi R, Frey D, Kammerer RA, Deupi X, de Villartay JP, Lüthi A, Humeau Y, Pieters J. Coronin 1 regulates cognition and behavior through modulation of cAMP/protein kinase A signaling. PLoS Biol 2014; 12:e1001820. [PMID: 24667537 PMCID: PMC3965382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved protein coronin 1 is needed for activating the cyclic AMP signaling pathway in the brain and is important for cognition and behavior. Cognitive and behavioral disorders are thought to be a result of neuronal dysfunction, but the underlying molecular defects remain largely unknown. An important signaling pathway involved in the regulation of neuronal function is the cyclic AMP/Protein kinase A pathway. We here show an essential role for coronin 1, which is encoded in a genomic region associated with neurobehavioral dysfunction, in the modulation of cyclic AMP/PKA signaling. We found that coronin 1 is specifically expressed in excitatory but not inhibitory neurons and that coronin 1 deficiency results in loss of excitatory synapses and severe neurobehavioral disabilities, including reduced anxiety, social deficits, increased aggression, and learning defects. Electrophysiological analysis of excitatory synaptic transmission in amygdala revealed that coronin 1 was essential for cyclic–AMP–protein kinase A–dependent presynaptic plasticity. We further show that upon cell surface stimulation, coronin 1 interacted with the G protein subtype Gαs to stimulate the cAMP/PKA pathway. The absence of coronin 1 or expression of coronin 1 mutants unable to interact with Gαs resulted in a marked reduction in cAMP signaling. Strikingly, synaptic plasticity and behavioral defects of coronin 1–deficient mice were restored by in vivo infusion of a membrane-permeable cAMP analogue. Together these results identify coronin 1 as being important for cognition and behavior through its activity in promoting cAMP/PKA-dependent synaptic plasticity and may open novel avenues for the dissection of signal transduction pathways involved in neurobehavioral processes. Memory and behavior depend on the proper transduction of signals in the brain, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Coronin 1 is a member of a highly conserved family of proteins, and although its gene lies in a chromosome region associated with neurobehavioral dysfunction in mice and men, it has never been directly ascribed a specific function in the brain. Here we show that coronin 1 plays an important role in cognition and behavior by regulating the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway. We find that when cell surface receptors are activated, coronin 1 stimulates cAMP production and activation of protein kinase A. Coronin 1 deficiency resulted in severe functional defects at excitatory synapses. Furthermore, in both mice and humans, deletion or mutation of coronin 1 causes severe neurobehavioral defects, including social deficits, increased aggression, and learning disabilities. Strikingly, treatment with a membrane-permeable analogue of cAMP restored synaptic plasticity and behavioral defects in mice lacking coronin 1. Together this work not only shows a critical role for coronin 1 in neurobehavior but also defines a role for the coronin family in regulating the transmission of signals within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Chun-Lei Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Vera Studer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Schneider
- Department of Radiology, University Children Hospital, UKBB, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christel Genoud
- Center for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Malik Khelfaoui
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Xander Houbaert
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rolf Jaussi
- Biomolecular Research Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Frey
- Biomolecular Research Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Richard A. Kammerer
- Biomolecular Research Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Deupi
- Biomolecular Research Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Condensed Matter Theory, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Yann Humeau
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
- * E-mail: (Y.H.); (J.P.)
| | - Jean Pieters
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (Y.H.); (J.P.)
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10
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van der Woude AD, Stoop EJM, Stiess M, Wang S, Ummels R, van Stempvoort G, Piersma SR, Cascioferro A, Jiménez CR, Houben ENG, Luirink J, Pieters J, van der Sar AM, Bitter W. Analysis of SecA2-dependent substrates in Mycobacterium marinum identifies protein kinase G (PknG) as a virulence effector. Cell Microbiol 2013; 16:280-95. [PMID: 24119166 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenicity of mycobacteria is closely associated with their ability to export virulence factors. For this purpose, mycobacteria possess different protein secretion systems, including the accessory Sec translocation pathway, SecA2. Although this pathway is associated with intracellular survival and virulence, the SecA2-dependent effector proteins remain largely undefined. In this work, we studied a Mycobacterium marinum secA2 mutant with an impaired capacity to initiate granuloma formation in zebrafish embryos. By comparing the proteomic profile of cell envelope fractions from the secA2 mutant with wild type M. marinum, we identified putative SecA2-dependent substrates. Immunoblotting procedures confirmed SecA2-dependent membrane localization for several of these proteins, including the virulence factor protein kinase G (PknG). Interestingly, phenotypical defects of the secA2 mutant are similar to those described for ΔpknG, including phagosomal maturation. Overexpression of PknG in the secA2 mutant restored its localization to the cell envelope. Importantly, PknG-overexpression also partially restored the virulence of the secA2 mutant, as indicated by enhanced infectivity in zebrafish embryos and restored inhibition of phagosomal maturation. These results suggest that SecA2-dependent membrane localization of PknG is an important determinant for M. marinum virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniek D van der Woude
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, VU University, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Siegmund K, Lee WY, Tchang VS, Stiess M, Terracciano L, Kubes P, Pieters J. Coronin 1 is dispensable for leukocyte recruitment and liver injury in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. Immunol Lett 2013; 153:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Abstract
During axon specification, growth promoting proteins localize selectively to the growing axon. In this issue of Neuron, Cheng et al. report how selective protein degradation, controlled by a substrate switch of the ubiquitin ligase Smurf1, specifies Par6 and RhoA localization and thereby regulates neuronal polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stiess
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration Group, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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14
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Stiess M, Maghelli N, Kapitein LC, Gomis-Rüth S, Wilsch-Bräuninger M, Hoogenraad CC, Tolić-Nørrelykke IM, Bradke F. Axon extension occurs independently of centrosomal microtubule nucleation. Science 2010; 327:704-7. [PMID: 20056854 DOI: 10.1126/science.1182179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules are polymeric protein structures and components of the cytoskeleton. Their dynamic polymerization is important for diverse cellular functions. The centrosome is the classical site of microtubule nucleation and is thought to be essential for axon growth and neuronal differentiation--processes that require microtubule assembly. We found that the centrosome loses its function as a microtubule organizing center during development of rodent hippocampal neurons. Axons still extended and regenerated through acentrosomal microtubule nucleation, and axons continued to grow after laser ablation of the centrosome in early neuronal development. Thus, decentralized microtubule assembly enables axon extension and regeneration, and, after axon initiation, acentrosomal microtubule nucleation arranges the cytoskeleton, which is the source of the sophisticated morphology of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stiess
- Independent Junior Research Group Axonal Growth and Regeneration, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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Schülke JP, Liebl C, Stiess M, Zimmermann N, Schmidt MV, Avrabos C, Wochnik GM, Trümbach D, Bradke F, Eder M, Müller MB, Rein T. The novel stress inducible gene MPIP101 modulates neurite formation via changes in Actin dynamics. Pharmacopsychiatry 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1240224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Moosmang S, Haider N, Klugbauer N, Adelsberger H, Langwieser N, Müller J, Stiess M, Marais E, Schulla V, Lacinova L, Goebbels S, Nave KA, Storm DR, Hofmann F, Kleppisch T. Role of hippocampal Cav1.2 Ca2+ channels in NMDA receptor-independent synaptic plasticity and spatial memory. J Neurosci 2006; 25:9883-92. [PMID: 16251435 PMCID: PMC6725564 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1531-05.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-independent long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus and its function for memory formation in the behaving animal is limited. NMDAR-independent LTP in the CA1 region is thought to require activity of postsynaptic L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (Cav1.x), but the underlying channel isoform remains unknown. We evaluated the function of the Cav1.2 L-type Ca2+ channel for spatial learning, synaptic plasticity, and triggering of learning-associated biochemical processes using a mouse line with an inactivation of the CACNA1C (Cav1.2) gene in the hippocampus and neocortex (Cav1.2(HCKO)). This model shows (1) a selective loss of protein synthesis-dependent NMDAR-independent Schaffer collateral/CA1 late-phase LTP (L-LTP), (2) a severe impairment of hippocampus-dependent spatial memory, and (3) decreased activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and reduced cAMP response element (CRE)-dependent transcription in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Our results provide strong evidence for a role of L-type Ca2+ channel-dependent, NMDAR-independent hippocampal L-LTP in the formation of spatial memory in the behaving animal and for a function of the MAPK/CREB (CRE-binding protein) signaling cascade in linking Cav1.2 channel-mediated Ca2+ influx to either process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Moosmang
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, 80802 Munich, Germany.
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