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Kopec M, Błaszczyk M, Radek M, Abramczyk H. Raman imaging and statistical methods for analysis various type of human brain tumors and breast cancers. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 262:120091. [PMID: 34175760 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic methods provide information on the spatial localization of biochemical components based on the analysis of vibrational spectra. Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging can be used to analyze various types of human brain tumors and breast cancers. The objective of this study is to evaluate the Raman biomarkers to distinguish tumor types by Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging. We have demonstrated that bands characteristic for carotenoids (1156 cm-1, 1520 cm-1), proteins (1004 cm-1), fatty acids (1444 cm-1, 1655 cm-1) and cytochrome (1585 cm-1) can be used as universal biomarkers to assess aggressiveness of human brain tumors. The sensitivity and specificity obtained from PLS-DA have been over 73%. Only for gliosarcoma WHO IV the specificity is lower and takes equal 50%. The presented results confirm clinical potential of Raman spectroscopy in oncological diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kopec
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland.
| | - M Błaszczyk
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Zeromskiego 113, 91-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - M Radek
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Zeromskiego 113, 91-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - H Abramczyk
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
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Jana N, Michal S, Jana O, Radek M. Forficula auricularia (Dermaptera) in orchards: Monitoring seasonal activity, the effect of pesticides, and the perception of European fruit growers on its role as a predator or pest. Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:1694-1704. [PMID: 33200877 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated several aspects that could affect the role of the European earwig (Forficula auricularia) as a generalist predator in orchards: (i) seasonal activity in apple orchards, (ii) effectiveness of two cardboard trap types (roll vs tape) to enhance earwig densities, (iii) the effect of pesticides (chlorpyrifos-methyl, spinosad, indoxacarb, spirotetramat, pirimicarb, sulphur, fluopyram tebuconazole) on earwig survival and behaviour, and (iv) the perception of European fruit growers of the earwigs' role as a predator or pest. RESULTS The highest activity of earwigs in apple trees was observed in summer. Roll traps were a more effective capture method than tape traps. The roll traps also significantly increased earwig abundances in trees. Only the earwigs exposed to the insecticides indoxacarb, spinosad and chlorpyrifos-methyl had significantly higher mortality and more erratic behaviour than earwigs from the control treatment. Earwigs from orchards with long-term (>10 years) application of chlorpyrifos-methyl had significantly lower mortality when exposed to this insecticide than earwigs from nonsprayed orchards. The fruit growers perceived earwigs as natural enemies of aphids and psyllids but also as pests. However, they regarded the damage caused by earwigs as economically unimportant without the necessity for management against them. CONCLUSION Fruit growers can increase earwig densities by installing rolled cardboard bands around trees. The highest seasonal activity of European earwigs coincides with applications of insecticides in orchards. This could disturb the earwigs' potential to suppress pest populations because several insecticides widely used in orchards have lethal and sublethal effects on earwigs even though they seem to develop some degree of pesticide resistance over time. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niedobová Jana
- Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Hořice, Czech Republic
| | - Skalský Michal
- Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Hořice, Czech Republic
| | - Ouředníčková Jana
- Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Hořice, Czech Republic
| | - Michalko Radek
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Jankowski J, Pawełczyk A, Radek M. Thoracic osteophyte as a cause of symptomatic greater splanchnic nerve compression. Case report. Neurochirurgie 2021; 68:232-234. [PMID: 33771615 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Thoracic osteophytes are a common feature of degenerative spine disease. However, it is rare that osteophytes overgrowth on the anterior surface of thoracic spine results in the compression of vital structures and causes symptoms. A 39-year old man with a two-year history of thoracic and upper abdominal pain was admitted to the neurosurgery ward after having been seen by several specialists. Thoracic spine MRI and CT scans were analyzed. Osteophytes were identified on the anterolateral right side at level T8-T9 and were indicated as a possible cause of the symptoms. After obtaining patient consent, surgery was performed with transthoracic access to the anterolateral surface of the spine. Intraoperatively, the greater splanchnic nerve was released by osteophyte removal. The patient reported improvement of the preoperative symptoms at the six-month and two-year follow-up visit. Postoperative MRI indicated complete osteophyte excision. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of symptomatic sympathetic trunk branch compression by thoracic osteophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jankowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland.
| | - A Pawełczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland
| | - M Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Surgery of Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Medical University of Lodz, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland
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Clarke E, Skrzat J, Mazur M, Musiał A, Sienkiewicz J, Radek M, Polguj M, Wysiadecki G. Anatomical variations of the superficial ulnar artery: case series observed on historical specimens prepared by Ludwik Karol Teichmann. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2021; 81:227-233. [PMID: 33577075 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2021.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this report we present a series of cases representing variant origin and course of the ulnar artery, namely the superficial ulnar artery, observed during the review of collection of historical specimens prepared in the 19th century by the prominent Polish anatomist Ludwik Karol Teichmann and his collaborators, exhibited in the Anatomy Museum of Jagiellonian University Medical College. RESULTS Three distinct variants of the superficial ulnar artery were found on anatomical specimens of the upper limb with arteries injected by using Teichmann's method. In case No. 1, the superficial ulnar artery originated from the brachial artery slightly above the interepicondylar line of the humerus. This aberrant vessel gave off the common interosseous artery in the upper half of the cubital fossa and then ran superficially to the bicipital aponeurosis and over the muscles arising from the medial epicondyle of the humerus. The cases No. 2 and 3 involved two similar variants of the superficial artery in which the common interosseous artery arose from the radial artery. In the unique case No. 4, the superficial ulnar artery arose from the radial artery. CONCLUSIONS The superficial ulnar artery shows diverse anatomy regarding its topography and blood supply territory. Orthopedic, hand, and plastic surgeons should be aware of anatomic variations of the SUA both in planning and in conducting surgeries of the upper limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Clarke
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - J Skrzat
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Mazur
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Musiał
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - J Sienkiewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - M Polguj
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - G Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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Clarke E, Tubbs RS, Radek M, Haładaj R, Tomaszewski M, Wysiadecki G. Unusual formation of the musculocutaneous and median nerves: a case report refined by intraneural dissection and literature review. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 80:1020-1026. [PMID: 33084011 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This report presents a detailed anatomical investigation of an upper limb specimen showing an atypical formation of the musculocutaneous (MCN) and median (MN) nerves. The study was refined by intraneural dissection, which supplements earlier descriptions of similar anatomical variations and allows for revision of the accepted classification. The case described in this report was an incidental finding during routine dissection of a fixed isolated upper limb. Intraneural dissection revealed partial fusion between the MCN and aberrant bundles of the MN. Those aberrant bundles joined the main steam of the MN at the level at which the MCN branched off as an independent nerve. The procedure allowed the aberrant fibers of the MN to be differentiated from the MCN. The presence of separate bundles in a territory corresponding to the MCN was confirmed, although those bundles and the aberrant MN bundles were covered by a common epineurium. The aberrant MN bundles running within the MCN did not contribute to innervation of the forearm muscles. They rejoined the main nerve trunk in the arm. A comprehensive understanding of the diverse anatomical variations of the upper limb nerves could be crucial for the safety and success of surgical procedures, especially procedures for reconstructing the brachial plexus or its branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Clarke
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - R S Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA, United States.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, Grenada
| | - M Radek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland
| | - R Haładaj
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - M Tomaszewski
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - G Wysiadecki
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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Karolova J, Radek M, Helman K, Spacek M, Trneny M, Klener P. PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 Expression in Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Healthy Population. Folia Biol (Praha) 2020; 66:117-122. [PMID: 33745258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 immune checkpoints on B and T cells obtained from patients with mantle cell lymphoma shows ambiguous results across many studies and creates obstacles for the implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors into the therapy of mantle cell lymphoma. Using multiparameter flow cytometry we analysed surface expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 molecules on B and T cells of 31 newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphomas and compared it with the results of 26 newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukaemias and 20 healthy volunteers. To gain insight into the age-dependent changes of surface expression of these immune checkpoints, flow cytometric subanalysis of 30 healthy volunteers of 25-93 years of age was conducted. Overall, we demonstrated weak surface expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 on B and T cells of mantle cell lymphoma patients (< 10 % when compared to healthy individuals). A significant age-dependent increase in the expression of PD-1 and its ligand PD-L2 was observed in healthy volunteers. Our results suggest that neither PD-1 nor its ligands represent relevant druggable targets for the therapy of mantle cell lymphoma. The observed age-dependent changes in healthy population could impact efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors and could be at least partly connected with increased incidence of cancer with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Karolova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Radek
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Helman
- Faculty of Informatics and Statistics, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Spacek
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Trneny
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Klener
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Tryniszewski W, Raciborska I, Maziarz Z, Nowak M, Radek M. MULTIDIRECTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF BONE STRUCTURE INCLUDING RADIOISOTOPIC ANALYSIS IN PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2018; 14:439-446. [PMID: 31149294 PMCID: PMC6516422 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In postmenopausal period, changes in bone turnover markers (BTM), vitamin D3, cytokines and parathyroid hormone (PTH) are frequently observed. The study was to assess bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism index (IBM) in the perimenopausal women. DESIGN YEARS 2013-2014. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One hundred and thirteen women were divided into four groups: group I (35 not menstruating 50 - 60 years old with osteoporosis), II (23 not menstruating 50 - 60 years old without osteoporosis), III (30 menstruating 40 - 49 years old with osteoporosis), IV (25 menstruating 40 - 49 years old without osteoporosis). The following parameters were measured: IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, hormone oestradiol (E2), PTH, FSH, TSH, calcium (Ca2+), phosphates (P), alkaline phosphatase (bALP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen alpha 1 chain (α1CTX), osteocalcin (OC), BMD, IBM. RESULTS IBM and BMD were significantly lower in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women. The concentration of OC, CTX, 25OH D3 and PTH levels differed significantly between group I vs. II, group I vs. III and group II vs. IV. CONCLUSIONS The levels of BTM, D3, PTH differed significantly between groups. This study demonstrated that bone metabolism depended mainly on processes related with menopause state and changes in D3, PTH and cytokines levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Tryniszewski
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Lodz, Poland
| | - I. Raciborska
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Lodz, Poland
| | - Z. Maziarz
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Lodz, Poland
| | - M. Nowak
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnosis and Therapy, Lodz, Poland
| | - M. Radek
- Lodz University of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerves Surgery, Lodz, Poland
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Kirschbaum J, Teuber T, Donner A, Radek M, Bougeard D, Böttger R, Hansen JL, Larsen AN, Posselt M, Bracht H. Self-Diffusion in Amorphous Silicon by Local Bond Rearrangements. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:225902. [PMID: 29906135 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.225902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Experiments on self-diffusion in amorphous silicon (Si) were performed at temperatures between 460 to 600° C. The amorphous structure was prepared by Si ion implantation of single crystalline Si isotope multilayers epitaxially grown on a silicon-on-insulator wafer. The Si isotope profiles before and after annealing were determined by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry. Isothermal diffusion experiments reveal that structural relaxation does not cause any significant intermixing of the isotope interfaces whereas self-diffusion is significant before the structure recrystallizes. The temperature dependence of self-diffusion is described by an Arrhenius law with an activation enthalpy Q=(2.70±0.11) eV and preexponential factor D_{0}=(5.5_{-3.7}^{+11.1})×10^{-2} cm^{2} s^{-1}. Remarkably, Q equals the activation enthalpy of hydrogen diffusion in amorphous Si, the migration of bond defects determining boron diffusion, and the activation enthalpy of solid phase epitaxial recrystallization reported in the literature. This close agreement provides strong evidence that self-diffusion is mediated by local bond rearrangements rather than by the migration of extended defects as suggested by Strauß et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 025901 (2016)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.116.025901).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kirschbaum
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - T Teuber
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - A Donner
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Radek
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Bougeard
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - R Böttger
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Lundsgaard Hansen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Nylandsted Larsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Posselt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - H Bracht
- Institute of Materials Physics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Radek M, Tenberge JG, Hilke S, Wilde G, Peterlechner M. STEMcl-A multi-GPU multislice algorithm for simulation of large structure and imaging parameter series. Ultramicroscopy 2018. [PMID: 29529556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Electron microscopy images are interference patterns and can generally not be interpreted in a straight forward manner. Typically, time consuming numerical simulations have to be employed to separate specimen features from imaging artifacts. Directly comparing numerical predictions to experimental results, realistic simulation box sizes and varying imaging parameters are needed. In this work, we introduce an accelerated multislice algorithm, named STEMcl, that is capable of simulating series of large super cells typical for defective and amorphous systems, in addition to parameter series using the massive parallelization accessible in today's commercial PC-hardware, e.g. graphics processing units (GPUs). A new numerical approach is used to overcome the memory constraint limiting the maximum computable system size. This approach creates the possibility to study systematically the contrast formation arising by structural differences. STEM simulations of structure series of a crystalline Si and an amorphous CuZr system are presented and the contrast formation of vacancies/voids are studied. The detectability of vacancies/voids in STEM experiments is discussed in terms of density changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Radek
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - J-G Tenberge
- Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - S Hilke
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - G Wilde
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - M Peterlechner
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, Münster 48149, Germany.
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Pawlikowski M, Lawnicka H, Pisarek H, Kunert-Radek J, Radek M, Culler MD. Effects of somatostatin-14 and the receptor-specific somatostatin analogs on chromogranin A and alpha-subunit (alpha-SU) release from "clinically nonfunctioning" pituitary adenoma cells incubated in vitro. J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 58:179-88. [PMID: 17440235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2006] [Accepted: 02/02/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of somatostatin (SST) and its analogs on the release of chromogranin A (CgA) and alpha-subunit (alpha-SU) from clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas incubated in vitro. Seven pituitary macroadenomas surgically removed were investigated. All of the tumors were diagnosed before surgery as non-functioning, but they expressed either gonadotropins or their subunits as detected by immunohistochemistry. Two tumors additionally expressed prolactin and growth hormone. All adenomas also expressed chromogranin A (CgA) and at least 3 of 5 subtypes of somatostatin receptors. The cells isolated from the examined tumors were exposed in vitro to either native SST-14 or the following receptor-specific SST analogs: BIM-23926 (agonist of sst1 receptor), BIM-23120 (agonist of sst2 receptor), BIM-23206 (agonist of sst5 receptor) and BIM23A387 (somatostatin/dopamine chimera). The concentration of CgA was measured by means of ELISA method and of alpha-SU was measured by an immunoradiometric method. It was found that the exposure on SST-14 resulted in the decrease of CgA and alpha-SU release from tumor cells in majority of samples, and the effect on CgA was positively correlated with the expression of sst3 and also with the sst2A/sst2B expressions ratio. The inhibitory effect of SST-14 on CgA and alpha-SU seems also to correlate negatively with the expression of sst2B. CgA inhibition also correlates positively with sst5 expression. Among the other compounds studied, only the sst2 agonist decreased the release in all the investigated samples. The remaining substances (agonists of sst1 and sst5 and SST/DA chimera) produced the divergent changes (increased or decreased release, depending on the sample). The data suggest that the inhibition of CgA (and possibly of alpha-SU) release by SST is mediated via subtypes sst2A, sst3 and sst5, whereas sst2B subtype may induce the opposite effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pawlikowski
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Chair of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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Seiz M, Radek M, Buslei R, Kreutzer J, Hofmann B, Kottler U, Doerfler A, Nimsky C, Fahlbusch R. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the clivus with intrasellar expansion: Case report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 67:219-22. [PMID: 17139605 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-942118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcomas are common tumors of the head and neck region in children. However, a primarily intracranial localization of this tumor entity is rare. We report on a 3-year-old boy presenting with double vision due to left VI (th) nerve palsy. No other neurological deficits were recognized by clinical inspection. MRI scans visualized an enhancing mass lesion in the upper clivus compressing the cavernous sinus and the pituitary gland. Transsphenoidal biopsy was performed and histopathological examination as well as molecular diagnostics confirmed the diagnosis of an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS). Staging identified a metastatic lesion in the fourth thoracic vertebra resulting in the diagnosis of stage IV disease. Treatment modality included stereotactic radio- and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seiz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
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Maciejczak A, Ciach M, Radek M, Radek A, Awrejcewicz J. Immediate stiffness of the C5-C6 segment after discectomy with the Cloward technique: an in vitro biomechanical study on a human cadaveric model. Neurosurgery 2001; 49:1399-408. [PMID: 11846940 DOI: 10.1097/00006123-200112000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2000] [Accepted: 07/26/2001] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the Cloward technique of cervical discectomy and fusion increases immediate postoperative stiffness of single cervical motion segment after application of interbody dowel bone graft. METHODS We measured and compared the stiffness of single-motion segments in cadaveric cervical spines before and immediately after interbody fusion with the Cloward technique. Changes in range of motion and stiffness of the C5-C6 segment were measured in a bending flexibility test (flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation) before and after a Cloward procedure in 11 fresh-frozen human cadaveric specimens from the 4th through the 7th vertebrae. RESULTS The Cloward procedure produced a statistically significant increase in stiffness of the operated segment in flexion and lateral bending when compared with the intact spine. The less stiff the segment before the operation, the greater the increase in its postoperative flexural stiffness (statistically significant). The Cloward procedure produced nonuniform changes in rotational and extensional stiffness that increased in some specimens and decreased in others. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that Cloward interbody fusion increases immediate postoperative stiffness of an operated segment only in flexion and lateral bending in cadaveric specimens in an in vitro environment. Thus, Cloward fusion seems a relatively ineffective method for increasing the stiffness of a construct. This may add to discussion on the use of spinal instrumentation and postoperative management of patients after cervical discectomy, which varies from bracing in hard collars through immobilization in soft collars to no external orthosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maciejczak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Military Medical University, Łódź, Poland.
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Radek M, Radek A, Zapałowicz K, Maciejczak A. [Anterior interbody fusion of cervical spine with case-plate PCB]. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2001; 35:1167-77. [PMID: 11987712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Two cases with cervical discopathy and radiculopathy are presented. Discectomy and anterior interbody fusion with cage-plate PCB manufactured by French company Scient'x was performed. Authors present the shape of the implant and technical details of implantation. The paper discusses the advantages of the PCB which simplifies and shortens the operation procedure, minimizes the risk of traditional bone graft harvesting and provides immediate stabilization of the operated segment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Radek
- Kliniki Neurochirurgii Wojskowej Akademii Medycznej w. Łodzi
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15
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Radek A, Zapałowicz K, Gasiński P, Radek M. [Posttraumatic ectopic calcification as an additional pathologic factor of brachial plexus palsy]. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2000; 34:1261-7. [PMID: 11317502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe a case of a 54-year-old male, who was attacked with a broken bottle and wounded in left supraclavicular region. No neurologic deficit was observed immediately after injury. Some days later signs of upper trunk brachial plexus palsy were detected. Gradually symptoms of the Erb syndrome have developed. He was operated on 5 months after injury. During surgery no discontinuity of the brachial plexus was found. Unexpectedly there were an inner scar and free bony fragment compressing the upper trunk and the suprascapular nerve. Both the scar and bony fragment were carefully dissected and removed. Result of surgery: pain relief, restoration of normal sensation and partial restoration of biceps function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Radek
- Kliniki Neurochirurgii Wojskowej Akademii Medycznej w Łodzi
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16
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Gasiński P, Radek M, Jóźwiak J, Łyczak P. [Peridural fibrosis in lumbar disc surgery--pathogenesis, clinical problems and prophylactic attempts]. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2000; 34:983-93. [PMID: 11253486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative peridural fibrosis is unavoidable adverse effect of lumbar disc surgery. This process is disadvantageous both to the patient and to the surgeon. It is assumed that peridural fibrosis is responsible for as much as 25% of all Failed Back Surgery Syndrome. In case of reherniated discs requiring reoperation epidural scar may cause technical difficulties. Thus the prevention or inhibition of postoperative peridural fibrosis and adhesions is an essential goal for successful lower back surgery. The authors review new opinions on pathophysiology of peridural fibrosis, clinical aspects of the process, results of experimental approaches for limiting peridural fibrosis and perspective of anti-adhesion gel Adcon-L.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gasiński
- Kliniki Neurochirurgii Szpitala Klinicznego Wojskowej Akademii Medycznej
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