1
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Lorkowski J, Pokorski M. Harmful female footwear: A public health perspective. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21297. [PMID: 38027653 PMCID: PMC10651440 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Footwear fashion is an instance of a socially formed attitude affecting somatic population health. High-heeled, particularly pointy-toed shoes are posed to structurally distort and overload feet leading to musculoskeletal sequelae. Here we compiled multilanguage website images presenting female footwear produced by the top manufacturers to assess the advertising effects on the prevailing height of heels worn by women. The method was based on the analysis of websites using the command "woman shoes" in scores of languages of the Internet Google browser. We then compared the results of the internet search with those of a live street surveillance of the footwear worn by 100 adult women in the downtown Warsaw metropolis in Poland. We found that stiletto heels with pointed shoe tips significantly predominated in images representing the countries belonging to the Western cultural sphere compared to less affluent world areas where low or flat heels prevailed. However, we noted a gradual departure from the fashion of high heels over the last decade, confirmed by live street surveillance, liable to reflect changes in the website presentations of top shoe manufacturers consistent with increasing awareness of potential harm by high heels. Yet the female aptitude for wearing more physiologic shoe models appears to exceed that resulting from marketing campaigns. Doing away with high-heeled pointy-toed shoes requires intensification of pro-health preventive measures in the field of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Lorkowski
- Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology, and Sports Medicine, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration, 137 Woloska Street, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Institute of Health Sciences, Opole University, 68 Katowicka Street, 45-060, Opole, Poland
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2
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Di Giulio C, Zara S, Mazzatenta A, Verratti V, Porzionato A, Cataldi A, Pokorski M. Aging and the Carotid Body: A Scoping Review. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 313:104063. [PMID: 37076025 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The carotid body (CB) is a neuroepithelial tissue consisting of O2-sensitive glomus cells that constantly scan the arterial blood for O2 and generate a discharge as an inverse function of O2 content. Aging is a cumulative result of decreased O2 supply paralleled by a decreased O2 tissue demand and oxidative damage to cells derived from aerobic metabolism. Here we studied how CB affects the aging process. This is a study of CB ultrastructural morphometry and immunohistochemical expression of proteins underlying CB responsiveness. The study was based on human CBs obtained from cadavers of people who died due to traumatic events in young and old age. The study was supplemented by investigations of CBs obtained from young and old rats subjected to chronic normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We found changes in the old normoxic CBs akin to the effects of chronic hypoxia such as enhanced extracellular matrix, reduced synaptic contacts between glomus cells, fewer glomus cells, secretory vesicles, and mitochondria. These changes were accompanied by enhanced expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor one-alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS2). We conclude that hypoxia and aging share a common background consisting of deficient O2 tissue supply, mitochondrial dysfunction, and a limited ability to deal with increased cellular oxidative stress. Aging leads to adaptative reductions in CB responsiveness to hypoxia shifting the chemosensory setpoint upward. We submit that the attenuated CB sensitivity at old age may be tantamount to "physiological denervation" leading to a gradual loss of the chemosensing role in the prevention of tissue hypoxia by increasing lung ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vittore Verratti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Health, and Territory, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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3
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Fukushi I, Ikeda K, Takeda K, Yoshizawa M, Kono Y, Hasebe Y, Pokorski M, Okada Y. Minocycline prevents hypoxia-induced seizures. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1006424. [PMID: 37035503 PMCID: PMC10073501 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1006424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe hypoxia induces seizures, which reduces ventilation and worsens the ictal state. It is a health threat to patients, particularly those with underlying hypoxic respiratory pathologies, which may be conducive to a sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Recent studies provide evidence that brain microglia are involved with both respiratory and ictal processes. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that microglia could interact with hypoxia-induced seizures. To this end, we recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) and acute ventilatory responses to hypoxia (5% O2 in N2) in conscious, spontaneously breathing adult mice. We compared control vehicle pre-treated animals with those pre-treated with minocycline, an inhibitory modulator of microglial activation. First, we histologically confirmed that hypoxia activates microglia and that pre-treatment with minocycline blocks hypoxia-induced microglial activation. Then, we analyzed the effects of minocycline pre-treatment on ventilatory responses to hypoxia by plethysmography. Minocycline alone failed to affect respiratory variables in room air or the initial respiratory augmentation in hypoxia. The comparative results showed that hypoxia caused seizures, which were accompanied by the late phase ventilatory suppression in all but one minocycline pre-treated mouse. Compared to the vehicle pre-treated, the minocycline pre-treated mice showed a delayed occurrence of seizures. Further, minocycline pre-treated mice tended to resist post-ictal respiratory arrest. These results suggest that microglia are conducive to seizure activity in severe hypoxia. Thus, inhibition of microglial activation may help suppress or prevent hypoxia-induced ictal episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isato Fukushi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Isato Fukushi
| | - Keiko Ikeda
- Homeostatic Mechanism Research Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshizawa
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kono
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yohei Hasebe
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | | | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
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4
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Yoshizawa M, Fukushi I, Takeda K, Kono Y, Hasebe Y, Koizumi K, Ikeda K, Pokorski M, Toda T, Okada Y. Role of microglia in blood pressure and respiratory responses to acute hypoxic exposure in rats. J Physiol Sci 2022; 72:26. [PMID: 36229778 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-022-00848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Microglia modulate cardiorespiratory activities during chronic hypoxia. It has not been clarified whether microglia are involved in the cardiorespiratory responses to acute hypoxia. Here we investigated this issue by comparing cardiorespiratory responses to two levels of acute hypoxia (13% O2 for 4 min and 7% O2 for 5 min) in conscious unrestrained rats before and after systemic injection of minocycline (MINO), an inhibitor of microglia activation. MINO increased blood pressure but not lung ventilation in the control normoxic condition. Acute hypoxia stimulated cardiorespiratory responses in MINO-untreated rats. MINO failed to significantly affect the magnitude of hypoxia-induced blood pressure elevation. In contrast, MINO tended to suppress the ventilatory responses to hypoxia. We conclude that microglia differentially affect cardiorespiratory regulation depending on the level of blood oxygenation. Microglia suppressively contribute to blood pressure regulation in normoxia but help maintain ventilatory augmentation in hypoxia, which underscores the dichotomy of central regulatory pathways for both systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yoshizawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isato Fukushi
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kono
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Hasebe
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Koizumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujiyoshida Municipal Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Keiko Ikeda
- Institute of Innovative Research, Homeostatic Mechanism Research Unit, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Takako Toda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
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5
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Fukushi I, Yokota S, Takeda K, Terada J, Umeda A, Yoshizawa M, Kono Y, Hasebe Y, Onimaru H, Pokorski M, Okada Y. Dual orexin receptor blocker suvorexant attenuates hypercapnic ventilatory augmentation in mice. Brain Res 2022; 1795:148061. [PMID: 36037880 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Suvorexant (Belsomra(R)), a dual orexin receptor antagonist widely used in the treatment of insomnia, inhibits the arousal system in the brain. However, the drug's ventilatory effects have not been fully explored. This study aims to investigate the expression of orexin receptors in respiratory neurons and the effects of suvorexant on ventilation. Immunohistology of brainstem orexin receptor OX2R expression was performed in adult mice (n=4) in (1) rostral ventral respiratory group (rVRG) neurons projecting to the phrenic nucleus (PhN) retrogradely labeled by Fluoro-Gold (FG) tracer, (2) neurons immunoreactive for paired like homeobox 2b (Phox2b) in the parafacial respiratory group/retrotrapezoid nucleus (pFRG/RTN), and (3) neurons immunoreactive for neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) and somatostatin (SST) in the preBötzinger complex (preBötC). Additionally, we measured in vivo ventilatory responses to hyperoxic hypercapnia (5% CO2) and hypoxia (10% O2) before and after suvorexant pretreatment (10 and cumulative 100 mg/kg) in unrestrained mice (n=10) in a body plethysmograph. We found the OX2R immunoreactive materials in pFRG/RTN Phox2b and preBötC NK1R/SST immunoreactive neurons but not in FG-labeled rVRG neurons, which suggests the involvement of orexin in respiratory control. Further, suvorexant expressly suppressed the hypercapnic ventilatory augmentation, otherwise unaffecting ventilation. Central orexin is involved in shaping the hypercapnic ventilatory chemosensitivity. Suppression of hypercapnic ventilatory augmentation by the orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant calls for caution in its use in pathologies that may progress to hypercapnic respiratory failure, or sleep-disordered breathing. Clinical trials are required to explore the role of targeted pharmacological inhibition of orexin in ventilatory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isato Fukushi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori, Japan; Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.
| | - Shigefumi Yokota
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan; Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Jiro Terada
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Umeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Yaita, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshizawa
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kono
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yohei Hasebe
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Onimaru
- Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
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6
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Okada Y, Paton JFR, López-Barneo J, Wilson RJA, Marina N, Pokorski M. Editorial: Hypoxia and Cardiorespiratory Control. Front Physiol 2022; 12:820815. [PMID: 35002785 PMCID: PMC8727687 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.820815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Julian F R Paton
- Manaaki Manawa-The Centre for Heart Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - José López-Barneo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Richard J A Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nephtali Marina
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Institute of Health Sciences, Opole University, Opole, Poland.,Faculty of Health Sciences, The Jan Dlugosz University, Czestochowa, Poland
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7
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Matsuoka H, Pokorski M, Takeda K, Okada Y, Harada K, Inoue M. Expression of p11 and TASK1 Channels in Rat Carotid Body Glomus Cells Subjected to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia. J UOEH 2022; 44:249-255. [PMID: 36089342 DOI: 10.7888/juoeh.44.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been used as a model to mimic nocturnal apnea, which is associated with hypertension. One of the mechanisms for hypertension in patients with nocturnal apnea is an enhancement of the plasma membrane response to acute hypoxia in carotid body glomus cells. Hypoxia is known to induce depolarization via inhibiting TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ (TASK) channels, one type of leak K+ channels, in glomus cells. The present experiment was undertaken to immunocytochemically investigate the effects of CIH on the expression and intracellular localization of TASK1 channels and p11 that critically affect the trafficking of TASK1 to the cell surface. The expression levels of TASK1 proteins and p11 and their intracellular localization in rat carotid body glomus cells were not noticeably affected by CIH, suggesting that the enhanced membrane response to acute hypoxia is not due to an increase in surface TASK channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetada Matsuoka
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
- University of Opole, Poland
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Healthcare, Fujita Health University
| | | | - Keita Harada
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Masumi Inoue
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
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8
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Lorkowski J, Maciejowska-Wilcock I, Pokorski M. Compliance with the Surgery Safety Checklist: An Update on the Status. Adv Exp Med Biol 2021; 1374:1-9. [PMID: 34773633 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
WHO has recommended the implementation of the Surgery Safety Checklist (SSC) to reign in often simple logistic errors that lead to numerous complications, some of them being fatal, in the perioperative period. This study aims to discuss doubts presented in the medical literature concerning the effectiveness of SSC in the currently existing form. The article is based on the literature search performed in PubMed using the command phrase "Surgery Safety Checklist". The search yielded 1,476 articles up to March 2021. Out of this group, we selected 811 articles for further detailed analysis. The selection was based on the meritorious SSC-related topicality and scrutinized content of the articles. Out of these articles, we identified 59 studies that specifically raised the issue of the effectiveness of SSC use in its current form, which we discussed herein in detail. The review distinctly indicates that the SSC reduces perioperative complications including fatalities. However, there are issues reported with the itemized content of the checklist that hardly corresponds to the diverseness of patients' conditions and operating room settings. Further, it is unclear if a reduction in the complications stems from the use of SSC or the algorithms for performing procedures it contains. The consensus arises that SSC should be periodically updated so that it would catch up with the advances in medical knowledge and the emerging technologies, which would safeguard the SSC from becoming just another paperwork nuisance for the operating room staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Lorkowski
- Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Sports Medicine, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration, Warsaw, Poland. .,Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Mazovia, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Institute of Health Sciences, Opole University, Opole, Poland.,Faculty of Health Sciences, The Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, Częstochowa, Poland
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9
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Fukushi I, Takeda K, Pokorski M, Kono Y, Yoshizawa M, Hasebe Y, Nakao A, Mori Y, Onimaru H, Okada Y. Activation of Astrocytes in the Persistence of Post-hypoxic Respiratory Augmentation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:757731. [PMID: 34690820 PMCID: PMC8531090 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.757731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hypoxia increases ventilation. After cessation of hypoxia loading, ventilation decreases but remains above the pre-exposure baseline level for a time. However, the mechanism of this post-hypoxic persistent respiratory augmentation (PHRA), which is a short-term potentiation of breathing, has not been elucidated. We aimed to test the hypothesis that astrocytes are involved in PHRA. To this end, we investigated hypoxic ventilatory responses by whole-body plethysmography in unanesthetized adult mice. The animals breathed room air, hypoxic gas mixture (7% O2, 93% N2) for 2min, and again room air for 10min before and after i.p. administration of low (100mg/kg) and high (300mg/kg) doses of arundic acid (AA), an astrocyte inhibitor. AA suppressed PHRA, with the high dose decreasing ventilation below the pre-hypoxic level. Further, we investigated the role of the astrocytic TRPA1 channel, a putative ventilatory hypoxia sensor, in PHRA using astrocyte-specific Trpa1 knockout (asTrpa1−/−) and floxed Trpa1 (Trpa1f/f) mice. In both Trpa1f/f and asTrpa1−/− mice, PHRA was noticeable, indicating that the astrocyte TRPA1 channel was not directly involved in PHRA. Taken together, these results indicate that astrocytes mediate the PHRA by mechanisms other than TRPA1 channels that are engaged in hypoxia sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isato Fukushi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Uekusa Gakuen University, Chiba, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Healthcare, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.,Faculty of Health Sciences, The Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Yosuke Kono
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshizawa
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yohei Hasebe
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Akito Nakao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Onimaru
- Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
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10
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Mazzatenta A, Pokorski M, Di Giulio C. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath as a marker of hypoxia in multiple chemical sensitivity. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15034. [PMID: 34536058 PMCID: PMC8449310 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the history of diagnostics, breath analysis was one of the first method used until the breakthrough of biochemical testing technology. Today, breath analysis has made a comeback with the development of gas analyzers and e‐noses, demonstrating its power in its applicability for diagnosing a wide range of diseases. The physical basis of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), an emerging environmental disease, is difficult to understand because it is based on the scenario of chronic hypoxia, with a complex of chemical compounds that trigger the syndrome and result in multiple symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate MCS by analyzing exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The volatile, metabolic picture could be a putative gold standard for understanding and diagnosing the disease. The study was based on recording in resting condition using the noninvasive passive e‐nose contactless breath test, the Olfactory Real‐Time Volatile Organic Compounds (ORT‐VOC) test in MCS, and control samples. The VOCs profile distinguished between disease and health. It also distinguished the gender‐related volatile profile with significant robustness. The results trace a putative compensatory physiological pathway elicited by increased lactate, leading to acidosis, and hyperventilation, resulting in the production of specific VOCs. We conclude that breath testing is a valuable tool to investigate the hypoxia‐related VOC profile, facilitating MCS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mazzatenta
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.,Faculty of Health Sciences, The Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Camillo Di Giulio
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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11
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Fukushi I, Takeda K, Pokorski M, Kono Y, Yoshizawa M, Hasebe Y, Nakao A, Mori Y, Onimaru H, Okada Y. Astrocytes mediate the post‐hypoxic persistent respiratory augmentation. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.04606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isato Fukushi
- Uekusa Gakuen UniversityChiba
- Clinical Research CenterUekusa Gakuen UniversityChiba
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Clinical Research CenterMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
- Faculty of RehabilitationSchool of HealthcareMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Faculty of Health SciencesThe Jan Dlugosz University in CzestochowaCzestochowa
- Institute of Health SciencesThe Jan Dlugosz University in CzestochowaCzestochowa
| | - Yosuke Kono
- Clinical Research CenterMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
| | - Masashi Yoshizawa
- Clinical Research CenterMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
| | - Yohei Hasebe
- Clinical Research CenterMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
| | - Akito Nakao
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyDepartment of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyDepartment of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto
| | - Hiroshi Onimaru
- Department of PhysiologyShowa University School of MedicineTokyo
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research CenterMurayama Medical CenterMusashimurayama
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12
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Abstract
Dyspnea is defined as a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity. It is a common symptom among patients with respiratory diseases that reduces daily activities, induces deconditioning, and is self-perpetuating. Although clinical interventions are needed to reduce dyspnea, its underlying mechanism is poorly understood depending on the intertwined peripheral and central neural mechanisms as well as emotional factors. Nonetheless, experimental and clinical observations suggest that dyspnea results from dissociation or a mismatch between the intended respiratory motor output set caused by the respiratory neuronal network in the lower brainstem and the ventilatory output accomplished. The brain regions responsible for detecting the mismatch between the two are not established. The mechanism underlying the transmission of neural signals for dyspnea to higher sensory brain centers is not known. Further, information from central and peripheral chemoreceptors that control the milieu of body fluids is summated at higher brain centers, which modify dyspneic sensations. The mental status also affects the sensitivity to and the threshold of dyspnea perception. The currently used methods for relieving dyspnea are not necessarily fully effective. The search for more effective therapy requires further insights into the pathophysiology of dyspnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isato Fukushi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Uekusa Gakuen University, 1639-3 Ogura-cho, Wakaba-ku, Chiba, 264-0007, Japan; Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan; Faculty of Health Sciences, The Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 4/8 Jerzego Waszyngtona Street, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
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13
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Matsuoka H, Pokorski M, Harada K, Yoshimura R, Inoue M. Expression of p11 and Heteromeric TASK Channels in Rat Carotid Body Glomus Cells and Nerve Growth Factor-differentiated PC12 Cells. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:679-690. [PMID: 32886017 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420955246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ (TASK) homomeric channels, TASK1 and TASK3, are present in PC12 cells. The channels do not heteromerize due plausibly to a lack of p11 protein. Single-channel recording reveals that most of the rat carotid body (CB) glomus cells express heteromeric TASK1-TASK3 channels, but the presence of p11 in glomus cells has not yet been verified. TASK1, but not TASK3, binds to p11, which has a retention signal for the endoplasmic reticulum. We hypothesized that p11 could facilitate heteromeric TASK1-TASK3 formation in glomus cells. We investigated this hypothesis in isolated immunocytochemically identified rat CB glomus cells. The findings were that glomus cells expressed p11-like immunoreactive (IR) material, and TASK1- and TASK3-like IR material mainly coincided in the cytoplasm. The proximity ligation assay showed that TASK1 and TASK3 heteromerized. In separate experiments, supporting evidence for the major role of p11 for channel heteromerization was provided in PC12 cells stimulated by nerve growth factor. p11 production took place there via multiple signaling pathways comprising mitogen-activated protein kinase and phospholipase C, and heteromeric TASK1-TASK3 channels were formed. We conclude that p11 is expressed and TASK1 and TASK3 heteromerize in rat CB glomus cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetada Matsuoka
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Institute of Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Keita Harada
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Masumi Inoue
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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14
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Kono Y, Yokota S, Fukushi I, Arima Y, Onimaru H, Okazaki S, Takeda K, Yazawa I, Yoshizawa M, Hasebe Y, Koizumi K, Pokorski M, Toda T, Sugita K, Okada Y. Structural and functional connectivity from the dorsomedial hypothalamus to the ventral medulla as a chronological amplifier of sympathetic outflow. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13325. [PMID: 32770006 PMCID: PMC7414200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress activates the hypothalamus, augments the sympathetic nervous output, and elevates blood pressure via excitation of the ventral medullary cardiovascular regions. However, anatomical and functional connectivity from the hypothalamus to the ventral medullary cardiovascular regions has not been fully elucidated. We investigated this issue by tract-tracing and functional imaging in rats. Retrograde tracing revealed the rostral ventrolateral medulla was innervated by neurons in the ipsilateral dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH). Anterograde tracing showed DMH neurons projected to the ventral medullary cardiovascular regions with axon terminals in contiguity with tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons. By voltage-sensitive dye imaging, dynamics of ventral medullary activation evoked by electrical stimulation of the DMH were analyzed in the diencephalon-lower brainstem-spinal cord preparation of rats. Although the activation of the ventral medulla induced by single pulse stimulation of the DMH was brief, tetanic stimulation caused activation of the DMH sustained into the post-stimulus phase, resulting in delayed recovery. We suggest that prolonged excitation of the DMH, which is triggered by tetanic electrical stimulation and could also be triggered by psychological stress in a real life, induces further prolonged excitation of the medullary cardiovascular networks, and could contribute to the pathological elevation of blood pressure. The connectivity from the DMH to the medullary cardiovascular networks serves as a chronological amplifier of stress-induced sympathetic excitation. This notion will be the anatomical and pathophysiological basis to understand the mechanisms of stress-induced sustained augmentation of sympathetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kono
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Yokota
- Department of Anatomy and Morphological Neuroscience, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Isato Fukushi
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Uekusa Gakuen University, Chiba, 264-0007, Japan
| | - Yosuke Arima
- Department of Anatomy and Morphological Neuroscience, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Onimaru
- Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Okazaki
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Healthcare, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Itaru Yazawa
- Global Research Center for Innovative Life Science, Hoshi University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Masashi Yoshizawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Yohei Hasebe
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Keiichi Koizumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | | | - Takako Toda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Kanji Sugita
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
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15
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Fukushi I, Kono Y, Takeda K, Yokota S, Onimaru H, Pokorski M, Okada Y. Astrocytes play an active role in persistence of respiratory augmentation in the recovery phase after hypoxic exposure. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.03235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yosuke Kono
- Murayama Medical Center
- University of Yamanashi
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Murayama Medical Center
- School of Healthcare Fujita Health University
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16
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Barski P, Surdacki M, Saj A, Wróblewska A, Ornat M, Pawelak A, Pompa D, Jurgiel J, Ermisch V, Hirnle A, Pirogowicz I, Stanisławska I, Łyp M, Pokorski M. Isotonic Saline Nebulization and Lung Function in Children With Mild Respiratory Ailments. Physiol Res 2020; 69:S131-S137. [PMID: 32228018 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nebulization with saline solution, although commonly used to alleviate respiratory symptoms, particularly in children, is often questioned concerning its effectiveness. In this study, we investigated the effects of isotonic saline nebulization on lung function in 40 children (mean age of 14±1 years) suffering from different types of airway disorders. Measurements were carried out directly before and up to 15 min after nebulization, for six days in a row, always on the same day time in the morning. The children were divided into two study groups according to the baseline ratio of forced expired volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), below and above 80 %. We found significant improvements after saline nebulization in FEV1, mid-expiratory flow at 50 % and 75 % of FVC (MEF50 and MEF75), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the group with the baseline FEV1/FVC less than 80 %. In contradistinction, children with an index greater than 80 % displayed no appreciable changes in the lung function variables when compared with the baseline level before saline nebulization. We conclude that isotonic saline nebulization might mitigate the functional signs of threatening pulmonary obstruction and as such may be clinically useful in pediatric patients with mild respiratory problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Barski
- Student Scientific Organization for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention at the Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław,
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17
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Pokorski M, Paradowska-Stankiewicz I, Brydak LB. Epidemic Influenza Seasons from 2008 to 2018 in Poland: A Focused Review of Virological Characteristics. Adv Exp Med Biol 2020; 1251:115-121. [PMID: 31989546 PMCID: PMC7121751 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this review was to elaborate on changes in the virological characteristics of influenza seasons in Poland in the past decade. The elaboration was based on the international influenza surveillance system consisting of Sentinel and non-Sentinel programs, recently adopted by Poland, in which professionals engaged in health care had reported tens of thousands of cases of acute upper airway infections. The reporting was followed by the provision of biological specimens collected from patients with suspected influenza and influenza-like infection, in which the causative contagion was then verified with molecular methods. The peak incidence of influenza infections has regularly been in January-March each epidemic season. The number of tested specimens ranged from 2066 to 8367 per season from 2008/2009 to 2017/2018. Type A virus predominated in nine out of the ten seasons and type B virus of the Yamagata lineage in the 2017/2018 season. Concerning the influenza-like infection, respiratory syncytial virus predominated in all the seasons. There was a sharp increase in the proportion of laboratory confirmations of influenza infection from season to season in relation to the number of specimens examined, from 3.2% to 42.4% over the decade. The number of confirmations, enabling a prompt commencement of antiviral treatment, related to the number of specimens collected from patients and on the virological situation in a given season. Yet influenza remains a health scourge, with a dismally low yearly vaccination rate, which recently reaches just about 3.5% of the general population in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz
- Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Lidia B Brydak
- Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center at the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Jaworek AK, Jaworek M, Makara-Studzińska M, Szafraniec K, Doniec Z, Szepietowski J, Wojas-Pelc A, Pokorski M. Depression and Serum Content of Serotonin in Adult Patients with Atopic Dermatitis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2020; 1271:83-88. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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19
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Fukushi I, Takeda K, Uchiyama M, Kurita Y, Pokorski M, Yokota S, Okazaki S, Horiuchi J, Mori Y, Okada Y. Blockade of astrocytic activation delays the occurrence of severe hypoxia-induced seizure and respiratory arrest in mice. J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:1257-1264. [PMID: 31769022 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Seizures are induced when subjects are exposed to severe hypoxia. It is followed by ventilatory fall-off and eventual respiratory arrest, which may underlie the pathophysiology of death in patients with epilepsy and severe respiratory disorders. However, the mechanisms of hypoxia-induced seizures have not been fully understood. Because astrocytes are involved in various neurological disorders, we aimed to investigate whether astrocytes are operational in seizure generation and respiratory arrest in a severe hypoxic condition. We examined the effects of astrocytic activation blockade on responses of EEG and ventilation to severe hypoxia. Adult mice were divided into two groups; in one group (n = 24) only vehicle was injected, and in the other group (n = 24) arundic acid, an inhibitory modulator of astrocytic activation, was administered before initiation of recording. After recording EEG and ventilation by whole body plethysmography in room air, the gas in the recording chamber was switched to 5% oxygen (nitrogen balanced) until a seizure and ventilatory depression occurred, followed by prompt switch back to room air. Severe hypoxia initially increased ventilation, followed by a seizure and ventilatory suppression in all mice examined. Fourteen mice without arundic acid showed respiratory arrest during loading of hypoxia. However, 22 mice pretreated with arundic acid did not suffer from respiratory arrest. Time from the onset of hypoxia to the occurrence of seizures was significantly longer in the group with arundic acid than that in the group without arundic acid. We suggest that blockade of astrocytic activation delays the occurrence of seizures and prevents respiratory arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isato Fukushi
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Iryo Sosei University, Iwaki, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Healthcare, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Makoto Uchiyama
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurita
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Faculty of Physiotherapy, Opole Medical School, Opole, Poland
| | - Shigefumi Yokota
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Okazaki
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan.,Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Jouji Horiuchi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
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20
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Jaworek AK, Szafraniec K, Jaworek M, Doniec Z, Zalewski A, Kurzawa R, Wojas-Pelc A, Pokorski M. Cat Allergy as a Source Intensification of Atopic Dermatitis in Adult Patients. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019; 1251:39-47. [PMID: 31749134 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by exacerbations and remissions of eczematous skin, underlain by impaired skin barrier and aberrant Th2-type and Th-22 cytokine production. A number of allergens, in particular contact with fur animals, may aggravate the disease. This study seeks to define the influence of having a regular contact with a pet cat at home on the severity of symptoms and signs of AD. We addressed the issue using the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and visual analog (VAS) scores to assess the intensity of pruritus and by measuring the blood content of specific IgE and IL-4, IL-13, and IL-22 cytokines. The study group consisted of 47 adult patients suffering from AD since childhood, 18 of whom declared having regular contact with a cat and the remaining 29 who denied it. There also was a control group consisted of 16 healthy volunteers with no AD signs. The SCORAD and VAS scores were significantly higher in patients in contact with a cat than in those without it (median SCORAD 61.0 vs. 50.4 and VAS 9.0 vs. 4.0 points, respectively). The sIgE of a majority of patients (94.4%) in contact with a cat was in Class V-VI, compared with just a few patients (3.4%) with no such contact, having sIgE in the same classes (p < 0.001). Significant correlations were revealed between SCORAD and VAS scores and the class level of serum sIgE value. In addition, IL-22 was a single elevated cytokine, only in the patients in contact with a cat, and it correlated with pruritus severity. The results of the study underline the need to beware of the cat fur allergen, and they stress forethought and caution in acquiring and keeping a pet cat by patients suffering from AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krystyna Szafraniec
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jaworek
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Doniec
- Department of Pneumology, Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disorders, Rabka, Poland
| | - Adam Zalewski
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Dermatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Ryszard Kurzawa
- Department of Allergology and Pneumology, Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disorders, Rabka, Poland
| | - Anna Wojas-Pelc
- Department of Dermatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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21
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Pokorski M, Poździk M, Mazzatenta A. Antioxidant treatment for impaired hypoxic ventilatory responses in experimental diabetes in the rat. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2018; 255:30-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Hasebe Y, Yokota S, Takeda K, Sugama S, Kono Y, Koizumi K, Fukushi I, Hoshiai M, Kakinuma Y, Pokorski M, Horiuchi J, Sugita K, Okada Y. P4780Activation of astrocytes is requred for the persistence of post-stress blood pressure elevation. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Hasebe
- University of Yamanashi, Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - S Yokota
- Shimane University, Anatomy and Morphological Neuroscience, Izumo, Japan
| | - K Takeda
- Fujita Health University, Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Mie, Japan
| | - S Sugama
- Nippon Medical School, Department of Physiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kono
- University of Yamanashi, Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - K Koizumi
- University of Yamanashi, Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - I Fukushi
- National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, Clinical Research Center, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hoshiai
- University of Yamanashi, Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Y Kakinuma
- Nippon Medical School, Department of Physiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Pokorski
- Opole Medical School, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Opole, Poland
| | - J Horiuchi
- Toyo University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science & Engineering, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Sugita
- University of Yamanashi, Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Y Okada
- National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, Clinical Research Center, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Pokorski M, Barassi G, Bellomo RG, Prosperi L, Crudeli M, Saggini R. Bioprogressive Paradigm in Physiotherapeutic and Antiaging Strategies: A Review. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2018; 1116:1-9. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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24
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Takeda K, Pokorski M, Okada Y. Thermal Sensitivity and Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO). Adv Exp Med Biol 2017; 921:45-50. [PMID: 27241512 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is commonly used as a solvent for hydrophobic substances, but the compound's innate bioactivity is an area of limited understanding. In this investigation we seek to determine the analgesic potential of DMSO. We addressed the issue by assessing the perception of thermal pain stimulus, using a 55 °C hotplate design, in conscious mice. The latency of withdrawal behaviors over a range of incremental accumulative intraperitoneal DMSO doses (0.5-15.5 g/kg) in the same mouse was taken as a measure of thermal endurance. The findings were that the latency, on average, amounted to 15-30 s and it differed inappreciably between the sequential DMSO conditions. Nor was it different from the pre-DMSO control conditions. Thus, DMSO did not influence the cutaneous thermal pain perception. The findings do not lend support to those literature reports that point to the plausible antinociceptive potential of DMSO as one of a plethora of its innate bioactivities. However, the findings concern the mouse's footpad nociceptors which have specific morphology and stimulus transduction pathways, which cannot exclude DMSO's antinociceptive influence on other types of pain or in other types of skin. Complex and as yet unresolved neural mechanisms of perception of cutaneous noxious heat stimulus should be further explored with alternative experimental designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Takeda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan
- Fujita Memorial Nanakuri Institute, Fujita Health University, 423 Oodori-cho, Tsu, 514-1296, Mie, Japan
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan.
- Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, 68 Katowicka St, 45-060, Opole, Poland.
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Abstract
This review tackles the unresolved issue of the existence of oxygen sensor in the body. The sensor that would respond to changes in tissue oxygen content, possibly along the hypoxia-normoxia-hyperoxia spectrum, rather than to a given level of oxygen, and would translate the response into lung ventilation changes, the major adaptive process. Studies on oxygen sensing, for decades, concentrated around the hypoxic ventilatory response generated mostly by carotid body chemoreceptor cells. Despite gaining a substantial insight into the cellular transduction pathways in carotid chemoreceptors, the exact molecular mechanisms of the chemoreflex have never been conclusively verified. The article briefly sums up the older studies and presents novel theories on oxygen, notably, hypoxia sensing. These theories have to do with the role of transient receptor potential cation TRPA1 channels and brain astrocytes in hypoxia sensing. Although both play a substantial role in shaping the ventilatory response to hypoxia, neither can yet be considered the ultimate sensor of hypoxia. The enigma of oxygen sensing in tissue still remains to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
- Opole Medical School in Opole, 68 Katowicka Street, 45-060, Opole, Poland.
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
- Fujita Memorial Nanakuri Institute, Fujita Health University, 423 Oodori-cho, Tsu, 514-1296, Mie, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
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26
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Abstract
Poland has implemented the influenza surveillance system called Sentinel as of 2004. The system consists of both epidemiological and virological surveillance. It is an important tool for monitoring the situation in the entire country, coordinated by the National Influenza Center situated at the National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH-NIH) in Warsaw, Poland. In the 2015/2016 epidemic season, more than 1600 samples were tested in the Sentinel System, of which 38.6% were positive. The samples were evaluated in seven age-groups: 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-25, 26-44, 45-64, and over 65 years of age. Significant differences were reported in the number of confirmed cases of infection caused by influenza and influenza-like viruses, depending on the age-group. The highest number of confirmed cases of infections was reported for the age range of 26-44 years, accounting for 30% of the total. In each age-group, the presence of infection caused by influenza-like viruses, collectively accounting for only 3.8% of all positive tests, was also confirmed. Weekly reports generated by the Sentinel System enable to determine and control a current influenza activity in the country, which is of essential importance in case of the emergence of a new strain with a pandemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Kowalczyk
- Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH-NIH), 24 Chocimska Street 24, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Szymański
- Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH-NIH), 24 Chocimska Street 24, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L B Brydak
- Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH-NIH), 24 Chocimska Street 24, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
Parkinsonism is underlain by dopamine (DA) deficiency in the mid-brain, a neurotransmitter innately involved with respiratory regulation. However, the state of respiration in parkinsonism is an unsettled issue. In this study we seek to determine ventilation and its responses to hypoxia in a reserpine--alpha-methyl-tyrosine model of parkinsonism in the rat. We also attempted to differentiate between the role of discrete brain and carotid body DA stores in the modulation of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). To this end we used domperidone, a peripheral D2 receptor antagonist, and levodopa, a central D2 receptor agonist. The HVRs to acute 12% and 8% hypoxia were studied in a whole body plethysmograph in the same rats before and after the induction of parkinsonic symptoms in conscious rats. We found that resting ventilation and the HVR were distinctly reduced in parkinsonism. The reduction was particularly evident in the peak hypoxic hyperpneic augmentation. Domperidone, which enhanced ventilation in the control healthy condition, failed to reverse the reduced parkinsonic HVR. In contrast, levodopa, which did not appreciably affected ventilation in the healthy condition, caused the parkinsonic HVR to return to and above the baseline healthy level. The findings demonstrate the predominance of a lack of the central DA stimulatory element and minimize the role of carotid body DA in the ventilatory impediment of parkinsonism. In conclusion, the study provides the pathophysiological savvy concerning the respiratory insufficiency of parkinsonism, a sequela which carries a risk of chronically impaired blood oxygenation, which may drive the disease worsening.
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Pokorski M, Krenke R, Przybylski M, Kolkowska-Lesniak A, Chazan R, Dzieciatkowski T. Prevalence of Pulmonary Infections Caused by Atypical Pathogens in non-HIV Immunocompromised Patients. Adv Exp Med Biol 2016; 935:1-11. [PMID: 27334731 PMCID: PMC7120206 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Although atypical bacteria are important causes of lower airway infections, data on their role in immunocompromised patients are scarce. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of atypical pulmonary infections in patients with various types of immunosuppression, and to analyze clinical characteristics of these infections. Eighty non-HIV immunocompromised patients with different underlying diseases and clinical and radiological signs of pulmonary infection were enrolled. Due to incomplete data on eight patients, 72 patients were eligible for final analysis (median age 58 years). All patients underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) fluid samples were sent for direct microscopy, cultures, and fungal antigen detection, when appropriate. Commercial qualitative amplification assay (PNEUMOTRIS oligomix Alert Kit(®)), based on nested PCR method, was used to detect specific DNA sequences of L. pneumophila, C. pneumoniae, and M. pneumoniae in BALF. There were 61 (84.7 %) patients with hematologic diseases, 3 (4.2 %) after solid organ transplantation, and 8 (11.1 %) with miscellaneous diseases affecting immune status. Specific sequences of M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila DNA were found in 7 (9.7 %), 2 (2.8 %), and 0 patients, respectively. In 8 of these patients co-infections with different microorganisms were demonstrated. Co-infection with A. baumanii and P. aeruginosa was diagnosed in three patients who died. We conclude that atypical lower airway infections are uncommon in immunocompromised patients. The majority of these infections are co-infections rather than single pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Institute of Nursing, Opole, Poland
| | - R Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumology and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1A Banacha, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - M Przybylski
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1A Banacha, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Kolkowska-Lesniak
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 14 Indiry Gandhi, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Chazan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumology and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1A Banacha, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Dzieciatkowski
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1A Banacha, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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Fukushi I, Takeda K, Yokota S, Hasebe Y, Sato Y, Pokorski M, Horiuchi J, Okada Y. Effects of arundic acid, an astrocytic modulator, on the cerebral and respiratory functions in severe hypoxia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016; 226:24-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Pokorski M. Preface. Pathophysiology of Respiration. Adv Exp Med Biol 2016; 884:v-vi. [PMID: 27314145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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31
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Pokorski M. Preface. Neuroscience and Respiration. Adv Exp Med Biol 2016; 878:v-vi. [PMID: 27308683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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32
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Pokorski M. The book series Neuroscience and Respiration presents contributions by expert researchers and clinicians. Introduction. Adv Exp Med Biol 2016; 885:v-vi. [PMID: 27466632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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33
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Mastalerz-Migas A, Pokorski M, Kiliś-Pstrusińska K, Doskocz K, Sapilak BJ, Brydak LB. Cytokines and toll-like receptors in the immune response to influenza vaccination. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 836:35-40. [PMID: 25248345 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2014_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in immunogenicity. However, little information is available on the role of TLRs in the immune response to vaccination against influenza virus. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the immunogenic response to influenza vaccine and the presence of soluble forms of TLRs and selected cytokines in the serum. There were two groups of subjects participating in the main protocol of the study: 55 chronically hemodialyzed patients (Group A) and 55 healthy volunteers (Group B) participated in the study. Both groups were vaccinated against influenza using a subunit Agrippal vaccine. The concentrations of human TNF-α, IL-1β/IL-1F2, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured by a high sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The soluble forms of TLR-2, TLR-4, and TLR-7 were determined in serum samples by ELISA as well. The findings were that vaccination did not appreciably influence the level soluble TRL-2, TRL-4, and TRL-7 or the cytokines investigated either in patients on hemodialysis or in healthy volunteers. Nor were there any relevant correlations between Toll-like receptors or pro-inflammatory cytokines and the immune response to influenza vaccination. On the other hand, the study showed that Toll-like receptors are increased in hemodialyzed patients, which may enhance the anti-inflammatory IL-10 and counter the downgrade of the immune response to influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mastalerz-Migas
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Wrocław, 1 Syrokomli St., Wrocław, 51-141, Poland,
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Okada Y, Takeda K, Someya H, Oku Y, Miwakeichi F, Ishiguro M, Tamura Y, Pokorski M. Astrocytes mediate Short‐term Plasticity of Breathing. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.659.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Fujita Memorial Nanakuri Inst Fujita Health UnivMieJapan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Clin Res Ctr Murayama Med CtrTokyoJapan
- Mossakowski Med Res Ctr Polish Acad SciWarsawPoland
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35
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Mazzatenta A, Pokorski M, Sartucci F, Domenici L, Di Giulio C. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) fingerprint of Alzheimer's disease. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2015; 209:81-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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36
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Pokorski M. Molecular basis of ventilatory disorders. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2015; 209:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Di Giulio C, Marconi GD, Zara S, Di Tano A, Porzionato A, Pokorski M, Cataldi A, Mazzatenta A. Selective Expression of Galanin in Neuronal-Like Cells of the Human Carotid Body. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 860:315-23. [PMID: 26303496 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18440-1_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The carotid body is a neural-crest-derived organ devoted to respiratory homeostasis through sensing changes in blood oxygen levels. The sensory units are the glomeruli composed of clusters of neuronal-like (type I) cells surrounded by glial-like (type II) cells. During chronic hypoxia, the carotid body shows growth, with increasing neuronal-like cell numbers. We are interested in the signals involved in the mechanisms that underlie such response, because they are not well understood and described. Considering that, in literature, galanin is involved in neurotrophic or neuroprotective role in cell proliferation and is expressed in animal carotid body, we investigated its expression in human. Here, we have shown the expression and localisation of galanin in the human carotid body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo Di Giulio
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Science, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Pokorski M. Preface. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 858:v-vi. [PMID: 26512384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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39
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Pokorski M. Preface. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 834:v-vi. [PMID: 26512386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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40
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Pokorski M. Preface. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 833:v-vi. [PMID: 26512388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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41
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Pokorski M. Preface. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 852:v-vi. [PMID: 26280041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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42
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Mazzatenta A, Pokorski M, Di Tano A, Cacchio M, Di Giulio C. Influence of Sensory Stimulation on Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 884:75-9. [PMID: 26453064 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2015_176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The real-time exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been suggested as a new biomarker to detect and monitor physiological processes in the respiratory system. The VOCs profile in exhaled breath reflects the biochemical alterations related to metabolic changes, organ failure, and neuronal activity, which are, at least in part, transmitted via the lungs to the alveolar exhaled breath. Breath analysis has been applied to investigate cancer, lung failure, and neurodegenerative diseases. There are by far no studies on the real-time monitoring of VOCs in sensory stimulation in healthy subjects. Therefore, in this study we investigated the breath parameters and exhaled VOCs in humans during sensory stimulation: smell, hearing, sight, and touch. Responses sensory stimulations were recorded in 12 volunteers using an iAQ-2000 sensor. We found significant effects of sensory stimulation. In particular, olfactory stimulation was the most effective stimulus that elicited the greatest VOCs variations in the exhaled breath. Since the olfactory pathway is distinctly driven by the hypothalamic and limbic circuitry, while other senses project first to the thalamic area and then re-project to other brain areas, the findings suggest the importance of olfaction and chemoreception in the regulation lung gas exchange. VOCs variations during sensory activation may become putative indicators of neural activity.
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Mazzatenta A, De Luca C, Di Tano A, Cacchio M, Di Giulio C, Pokorski M. Swelling of Erectile Nasal Tissue Induced by Human Sexual Pheromone. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 885:25-30. [PMID: 26820728 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2015_190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Most chemically mediated sexual communication in humans remains uncharacterized. Yet the study of sexual communication is decisive for understanding sexual behavior and evolutive mechanisms in our species. Here we provide the evidence to consider 4,16-androstadien-3-one (AND) as a man's sexual pheromone. Our experiment provides support for the physiological effect of AND on nasal airway resistance (Rna) in women, as assessed by anterior rhinomanometry. We found that AND administration increased the area of turbinate during the ovulatory phase, resulting in an increase of Rna. Thus, we discovered that minute amounts of AND, acting through neuroendocrine brain control, regulate Rna and consequently affect the sexual physiology and behavior. Fascinatingly, this finding provides the evidence of the preservation of chemosexual communication in humans, which it has been largely neglected due to its unconscious perception and concealed nature. Therefore, chemical communication is a plesiomorphic evolutive phenomenon in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mazzatenta
- Physiology and Physiopathology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, University of Chieti-Pescara 'G. d'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy
| | - C De Luca
- Physiology and Physiopathology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, University of Chieti-Pescara 'G. d'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy.,Clinica Villa del Sole, Caserta, Italy
| | - A Di Tano
- Physiology and Physiopathology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, University of Chieti-Pescara 'G. d'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy
| | - M Cacchio
- Physiology and Physiopathology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, University of Chieti-Pescara 'G. d'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy
| | - C Di Giulio
- Physiology and Physiopathology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, University of Chieti-Pescara 'G. d'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, 68 Katowicka St., 45-060, Opole, Poland.
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Pokorski M. The book series Neuroscience and Respiration presents contributions by expert researchers. Introduction. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 873:v-vi. [PMID: 27010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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45
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Pokorski M. This is a new book series entitled Neuroscience and Respiration. Introduction. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 837:v-vi. [PMID: 26565048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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46
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Pokorski M. Preface. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 866:v-vi. [PMID: 26512381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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47
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Pokorski M. Preface. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 857:v-vi. [PMID: 26389141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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48
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Mazzatenta A, Marconi GD, Macchi V, Porzionato A, Cataldi A, Di Giulio C, Pokorski M. Coexpression of Galanin and Nestin in the Chemoreceptor Cells of the Human Carotid Body. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 885:77-82. [PMID: 26747071 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2015_189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The carotid body is a highly specialized chemoreceptive organ of neural crest origin whose role is to detect changes in arterial oxygen content. The sensory units are the chemoreceptor cells, which are neuronal-like cells, surrounded by sustentacular or glial-like cells. It is suggested that the carotid body contains self-renewing multipotent stem cells, which are putatively represented by glial-like sustentacular cells. The mechanisms of renewal of neuronal-like cells are unclear. Recently, we have demonstrated the expression of galanin, a peptide promoting neurogenesis, in chemoreceptor cells in the human CB. Thus, in the present study we seek to determine whether galanin expression in chemoreceptor cells could be matched with that of nestin, a peptide that is a marker of multipotent neural stem cells, or rather with the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker for glial cells. The latter would underscore the pluasibly essential role of sustentacular cells in the self-renewal capability of chemorecetors. We found that galanin expression is matched with nestin in chemoreceptor cells of the human carotid body, but not with that of GFAP. Thus, galanin expression in chemoreceptor cells could provide a signal for neurogenesis and chemoreceptor cell differentiation in the carotid body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mazzatenta
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Guya D Marconi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Padua University, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Padua University, Padua, Italy
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Camillo Di Giulio
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Science, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Institute of Nursing, Public Higher Medical Professional School, 68 Katowicka St., 45-060, Opole, Poland.
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49
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Pokorski M, Takeda K, Sato Y, Okada Y. The hypoxic ventilatory response and TRPA1 antagonism in conscious mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2014; 210:928-38. [PMID: 24245768 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM Recently, TRPA1 channels, richly expressed in both peripheral and central neural systems, have been proposed as novel sensors of changes in oxygen concentration along the hypoxic-hyperoxic continuum. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that TRPA1 channels blockade should profoundly affect the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). METHODS We examined the chemosensory ventilatory responses in conscious mice before and after intraperitoneal administration of the specific TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 in two doses of 50 and 200 (cumulative dose 250) mg kg(-1) . Ventilation and its responses to mild 13% and severe 7% hypoxia, pure O2 , and 5% CO2 in O2 were recorded in a whole-body plethysmograph. RESULTS TRPA1 antagonism caused a dose-dependent attenuation of the HVR. Ventilatory stimulation was virtually abrogated in response to the mild, but it remained viable, albeit slashed, at severe hypoxia after the bigger dose of HC-030031. The TRPA1 function seemed specific for the hypoxic chemoreflex as neither the response to pure O2 nor hypercapnia was appreciably influenced by the TRPA1 antagonist. CONCLUSIONS The study unravelled the role of TRPA1 in shaping the ventilatory response to low-intensity hypoxia, liable to be mediated by vagally innervated respiratory chemosensors of lower functional rank, but contradicted the TRPA1 being indispensable for the powerful carotid body chemoreflex in face of a severe hypoxic threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Pokorski
- Clinical Research Centre; National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center; Musashimurayama City Japan
- Medical Research Center; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - K. Takeda
- Clinical Research Centre; National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center; Musashimurayama City Japan
| | - Y. Sato
- Institute of Socio-Arts and Sciences; University of Tokushima; Tokushima City Japan
| | - Y. Okada
- Clinical Research Centre; National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center; Musashimurayama City Japan
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Abstract
N-oleoyl-dopamine (OLDA) is a novel lipid derivative of dopamine. Its biological action includes the interaction with dopamine and the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV1) receptors. It seems to be synthesized in a dopamine-like manner, but there has been no information on its degradation. The aim of the study was, therefore, to determine whether OLDA metabolism proceeds the way dopamine proper does. We addressed the issue by examining the occurrence of O-methylation of exogenously supplemented OLDA via catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) under in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo conditions using rat brain tissue. The results show that OLDA was methylated by COMT in all conditions studied, yielding the O-methylated derivative. The methylation was reversed by tolcapone, a potent COMT inhibitor, in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that OLDA enters the metabolic pathway of dopamine. Methylation of OLDA may enhance its bioactive properties, such as the ability to interact with TRPV1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Zajac
- Department of Respiratory Research, Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Spolnik
- Mass Spectrometry - Group One, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Roszkowski
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Witold Danikiewicz
- Mass Spectrometry - Group One, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Czarnocki
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Department of Respiratory Research, Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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