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Bialek S, Villeneuve LM, Bauer A, Phan M, Johnston A, Spence C, Graffeo CS. Neurosurgical Management of Spinal Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: Systematic Review & Illustrative Case Presentation. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)00759-9. [PMID: 38734166 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular tumor predominantly arising in soft tissue. We report a rare case of thoracic spinal EHE with pulmonary metastasis. METHODS Case report and systematic review of spinal EHE. RESULTS A 36-year-old man presented with bilateral lower extremity weakness, progressive paresthesia, and urinary incontinence. He underwent open surgical resection of the tumor and decompression of the spinal cord, with subsequent improvement in neurological function. Systematic review identified 84 cases of spinal EHE, 73 of which were primary, and 14 of which developed extra-spinal metastases. CONCLUSION EHE is an exceedingly rare tumor that may present with a wide swath of clinical symptoms. At present, no guidelines or formal treatment recommendations have been established. Surgical debulking has demonstrated efficacy as a front-line treatment, particularly in the setting of compressive neurological dysfunction; data regarding adjuvant chemoradiation are less consistently reported, mandating further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannan Bialek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Lance M Villeneuve
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Andrew Bauer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Minh Phan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Andrea Johnston
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Caple Spence
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Christopher S Graffeo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK.
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Nassar AH, El-Am E, Denu R, Abou Alaiwi S, El Zarif T, Macaron W, Abdel-Wahab N, Desai A, Smith C, Parikh K, Abbasi M, Bou Farhat E, Williams JM, Collins JD, Al-Hader A, McKay RR, Malvar C, Sabra M, Zhong C, El Alam R, Chehab O, Lima J, Phan M, Dalla Pria HF, Trevino A, Neilan TG, Kwan JM, Ravi V, Deshpande H, Demetri G, Choueiri TK, Naqash AR. Clinical Outcomes Among Immunotherapy-Treated Patients With Primary Cardiac Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. JACC CardioOncol 2024; 6:71-79. [PMID: 38510282 PMCID: PMC10950431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Primary cardiac soft tissue sarcomas (CSTS) affect young adults, with dismal outcomes. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with CSTS receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods A retrospective, multi-institutional cohort study was conducted among patients with CSTS between 2015 and 2022. The patients were treated with ICI-based regimens. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Objective response rates were determined according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1. Treatment-related adverse events were graded per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Results Among 24 patients with CSTS, 17 (70.8%) were White, and 13 (54.2%) were male. Eight patients (33.3%) had angiosarcoma. At the time of ICI treatment, 18 patients (75.0%) had metastatic CSTS, and 4 (16.7%) had locally advanced disease. ICIs were administered as the first-line therapy in 6 patients (25.0%) and as the second-line therapy or beyond in 18 patients (75.0%). For the 18 patients with available response data, objective response rate was 11.1% (n = 2 of 18). The median PFS and median OS in advanced and metastatic CSTS (n = 22) were 5.7 months (95% CI: 2.8-13.3 months) and 14.9 months (95% CI: 5.7-23.7 months), respectively. The median PFS and OS were significantly shorter in patients with cardiac angiosarcomas than in those with nonangiosarcoma CSTS: median PFS was 1.7 vs 11 months, respectively (P < 0.0001), and median OS was 3.0 vs 24.0 months, respectively (P = 0.008). Any grade treatment-related adverse events occurred exclusively in the 15 patients with nonangiosarcoma CSTS (n = 7 [46.7%]), of which 6 (40.0%) were grade ≥3. Conclusions Although ICIs demonstrate modest activity in CSTS, durable benefit was observed in a subset of patients with nonangiosarcoma, albeit with higher toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin H. Nassar
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Edward El-Am
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ryan Denu
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Talal El Zarif
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Walid Macaron
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Noha Abdel-Wahab
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aakash Desai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Caleb Smith
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kaushal Parikh
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Muhannad Abbasi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ahmad Al-Hader
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rana R. McKay
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Carmel Malvar
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mohamad Sabra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Caiwei Zhong
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Omar Chehab
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore Maryland, USA
| | - Joao Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore Maryland, USA
| | - Minh Phan
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | - Alexandra Trevino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tomas G. Neilan
- Cardio-Oncology Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Vinod Ravi
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hari Deshpande
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - George Demetri
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Abdul Rafeh Naqash
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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DeCuir J, Surie D, Zhu Y, Gaglani M, Ginde AA, Douin DJ, Talbot HK, Casey JD, Mohr NM, McNeal T, Ghamande S, Gibbs KW, Files DC, Hager DN, Phan M, Prekker ME, Gong MN, Mohamed A, Johnson NJ, Steingrub JS, Peltan ID, Brown SM, Martin ET, Monto AS, Khan A, Bender WS, Duggal A, Wilson JG, Qadir N, Chang SY, Mallow C, Kwon JH, Exline MC, Lauring AS, Shapiro NI, Columbus C, Gottlieb R, Vaughn IA, Ramesh M, Lamerato LE, Safdar B, Halasa N, Chappell JD, Grijalva CG, Baughman A, Womack KN, Rhoads JP, Hart KW, Swan SA, Lewis N, McMorrow ML, Self WH. Effectiveness of Monovalent mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination in Preventing COVID-19-Associated Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and Death Among Immunocompetent Adults During the Omicron Variant Period - IVY Network, 19 U.S. States, February 1, 2022-January 31, 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023; 72:463-468. [PMID: 37104244 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7217a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
As of April 2023, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in 1.1 million deaths in the United States, with approximately 75% of deaths occurring among adults aged ≥65 years (1). Data on the durability of protection provided by monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccination against critical outcomes of COVID-19 are limited beyond the Omicron BA.1 lineage period (December 26, 2021-March 26, 2022). In this case-control analysis, the effectiveness of 2-4 monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccine doses was evaluated against COVID-19-associated invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and in-hospital death among immunocompetent adults aged ≥18 years during February 1, 2022-January 31, 2023. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against IMV and in-hospital death was 62% among adults aged ≥18 years and 69% among those aged ≥65 years. When stratified by time since last dose, VE was 76% at 7-179 days, 54% at 180-364 days, and 56% at ≥365 days. Monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccination provided substantial, durable protection against IMV and in-hospital death among adults during the Omicron variant period. All adults should remain up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccination to prevent critical COVID-19-associated outcomes.
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Chakrabarty JH, Glover J, Schmidt S, Phan M, Bycko M, Duong Q, Vesely SK, O’Neal C, Robertson C, Davis C, Kratochvil K, Yuen C, Khawandanah M, Selby G, Jassim R, Williams KM. Incidence and risk factors for graft failure in the modern era of cord blood transplantation. Vox Sang 2022; 117:1405-1410. [PMID: 36250288 PMCID: PMC9772075 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Graft failure (GF) after cord blood transplant (CBT) has decreased with improved supportive care and cord selection strategies. We aimed to evaluate cord blood selection and factors associated with retransplantation on the incidence of GF, determine risk factors for GF including host antibodies to Kell antigen and evaluate survival after GF. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 84 patients who underwent CBT at the University of Oklahoma between 2000 and 2016 and compared outcomes in patients with/without engraftment by Day 28. The nonengraftment cohort was further divided into patients who underwent retransplantation. Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank tests were calculated to assess the association between mortality and engraftment. RESULTS Engraftment following CBT was high at 81%, with 52% engrafting by Day 28 and an additional 29% engrafting by a median of 36 days. Retransplantation led to 88% engraftment at a median of 53 days. Overall, 75% of the 40 patients who did not engraft by Day 28 died. Female sex and total nucleated cell count < 3.5/kg were significantly associated with lack of engraftment and higher mortality. Antibodies to Kell fetal antigen were not identified. Retransplantation by Day 28 for primary GF conferred a survival advantage. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that failure to engraft by 28 days was associated with increased mortality, and risk was mitigated with early retransplantation. Female sex and low total cell dose were associated with increased mortality. Early identification of GF coupled with early retransplantation can reduce mortality in CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua Glover
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Sara Schmidt
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Minh Phan
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Michele Bycko
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Quyen Duong
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Sara K. Vesely
- Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Caroline O’Neal
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Chelsie Robertson
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Christina Davis
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Kristen Kratochvil
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Carrie Yuen
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Mohamad Khawandanah
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - George Selby
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Rami Jassim
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Kirsten M. Williams
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta GA
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Colevas A, Park J, Fang B, Shao J, U'Ren L, Odegard J, Lal I, Phan M, Thein K, Adkins D. A Phase 2 Study of Magrolimab Combination Therapy in Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous-Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Colevas AD, Park JJ, Fang B, Shao J, U'Ren L, Odegard J, Lal I, Phan M, Thein KZ, Adkins D. CLO22-041: A Phase 2 Study of Magrolimab Combination Therapy in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2022. [DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2021.7170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Fang
- 3 Astera Cancer Care, East Brunswick, NJ
| | - Jiang Shao
- 4 Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA
| | | | | | - Indu Lal
- 4 Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA
| | - Minh Phan
- 5 University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center-Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Kyaw Z. Thein
- 6 Oregon Health and Science University/Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
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Besse B, Garcia Campelo M, Cobo Dols M, Quoix E, Madroszyk A, Felip E, Cappuzzo F, Denis F, Hilgers W, Romano G, Debieuvre D, Baldini E, Galetta D, Viteri S, Phan M, Schuette W, Zer A, Costantini D, Dziadziuszko R, Giaccone G. LBA47 Activity of OSE-2101 in HLA-A2+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after failure to immune checkpoint inhibitors (IO): Final results of phase III Atalante-1 randomised trial. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.2126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Rodgers M, Migdal AL, Rodríguez TG, Chen ZZ, Nath AK, Gerszten RE, Kasid N, Toschi E, Tripaldi J, Heineman B, Phan M, Ngo L, Maratos-Flier E, Dushay J. Weight Loss Outcomes Among Early High Responders to Exenatide Treatment: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study in Overweight and Obese Women. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:742873. [PMID: 34867786 PMCID: PMC8635796 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.742873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As there is significant heterogeneity in the weight loss response to pharmacotherapy, one of the most important clinical questions in obesity medicine is how to predict an individual's response to pharmacotherapy. The present study examines patterns of weight loss among overweight and obese women who demonstrated early robust response to twice daily exenatide treatment compared to those treated with hypocaloric diet and matched placebo injections. METHODS We randomized 182 women (BMI 25-48 kg/m2) to treatment with exenatide alone or matched placebo injections plus hypocaloric diet. In both treatment groups, women who demonstrated ≥ 5% weight loss at 12 weeks were characterized as high responders and those who lost ≥10% of body weight were classified as super responders. Our primary outcome was long-term change in body weight among early high responders to either treatment. An exploratory metabolomic analysis was also performed. RESULTS We observed individual variability in weight loss with both exenatide and hypocaloric diet plus placebo injections. There was a trend toward a higher percentage of subjects who achieved ≥ 5% weight loss with exenatide compared to diet (56% of those treated with exenatide, 76% of those treated with diet, p = 0.05) but no significant difference in those who achieved ≥ 10% weight loss (23% of individuals treated with exenatide and 36% of those treated with diet, p = 0.55). In both treatment groups, higher weight loss at 3 months of treatment predicted super responder status (diet p=0.0098, exenatide p=0.0080). Both treatment groups also demonstrated similar peak weight loss during the study period. We observed lower cysteine concentrations in the exenatide responder group (0.81 vs 0.48 p < 0.0001) and a trend toward higher levels of serotonin, aminoisobutyric acid, anandamide, and sarcosine in the exenatide super responder group. CONCLUSION In a population of early high responders, longer term weight loss with exenatide treatment is similar to that achieved with a hypocaloric diet. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION www.clinicaltrialsgov, identifier NCT01590433.
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Khalsa SJS, Borsa A, Nandigam V, Phan M, Lin K, Crosby C, Fricker H, Baru C, Lopez L. OpenAltimetry - rapid analysis and visualization of Spaceborne altimeter data. Earth Sci Inform 2020; 15:1471-1480. [PMID: 36003899 PMCID: PMC9392693 DOI: 10.1007/s12145-020-00520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) carries a laser altimeter that fires 10,000 pulses per second towards Earth and records the travel time of individual photons to measure the elevation of the surface below. The volume of data produced by ICESat-2, nearly a TB per day, presents significant challenges for users wishing to efficiently explore the dataset. NASA's National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC), which is responsible for archiving and distributing ICESat-2 data, provides search and subsetting services on mission data products, but providing interactive data discovery and visualization tools needed to assess data coverage and quality in a given area of interest is outside of NSIDC's mandate. The OpenAltimetry project, a NASA-funded collaboration between NSIDC, UNAVCO and the University of California San Diego, has developed a web-based cyberinfrastructure platform that allows users to locate, visualize, and download ICESat-2 surface elevation data and photon clouds for any location on Earth, on demand. OpenAltimetry also provides access to elevations and waveforms for ICESat (the predecessor mission to ICESat-2). In addition, OpenAltimetry enables data access via APIs, opening opportunities for rapid access, experimentation, and computation via third party applications like Jupyter notebooks. OpenAltimetry emphasizes ease-of-use for new users and rapid access to entire altimetry datasets for experts and has been successful in meeting the needs of different user groups. In this paper we describe the principles that guided the design and development of the OpenAltimetry platform and provide a high-level overview of the cyberinfrastructure components of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Borsa
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | | | - Minh Phan
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Kai Lin
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | | | - Helen Fricker
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Chaitan Baru
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Luis Lopez
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
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Belmadani M, Jacobson M, Holmes N, Phan M, Nguyen T, Pavlidis P, Rogic S. VariCarta: A Comprehensive Database of Harmonized Genomic Variants Found in Autism Spectrum Disorder Sequencing Studies. Autism Res 2019; 12:1728-1736. [PMID: 31705629 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen a boom in the application of the next-generation sequencing technology to the study of human disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), where the focus has been on identifying rare, possibly causative genomic variants in ASD individuals. Because of the high genetic heterogeneity of ASD, a large number of subjects is needed to establish evidence for a variant or gene ASD-association, thus aggregating data across cohorts and studies is necessary. However, methodological inconsistencies and subject overlap across studies complicate data aggregation. Here we present VariCarta, a web-based database developed to address these challenges by collecting, reconciling, and consistently cataloging literature-derived genomic variants found in ASD subjects using ongoing semi-manual curation. The careful manual curation combined with a robust data import pipeline rectifies errors, converts variants into a standardized format, identifies and harmonizes cohort overlaps, and documents data provenance. The harmonization aspect is especially important since it prevents the potential double counting of variants, which can lead to inflation of gene-based evidence for ASD-association. The database currently contains 170,416 variant events from 10,893 subjects, collected across 61 publications, and reconciles 16,202 variants that have been reported in literature multiple times. VariCarta is freely accessible at http://varicarta.msl.ubc.ca. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1728-1736. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The search for genetic factors underlying Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) yielded numerous studies reporting potentially causative genomic variants found in ASD individuals. However, methodological differences and subject overlap across studies complicate the assembly of these data, diminishing its utility and accessibility. We developed VariCarta, a web-based database that aggregates carefully curated, annotated, and harmonized literature-derived variants identified in individuals with ASD using ongoing semi-manual curation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Belmadani
- Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew Jacobson
- Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nathan Holmes
- Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Minh Phan
- Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tue Nguyen
- Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paul Pavlidis
- Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sanja Rogic
- Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Phan M, Krishnan R, El Sayes N, Mathieu J, Selman M, Macklin A, Dornan M, Groom H, Patten D, Davis C, Lai F, Lichty B, Harper M, Arulanandam R, Bell J, Alain T, Josephy D, Smith J, Boddy C, Diallo J. Viral sensitizers potential infection of cancer cells via NF-kappaB. Eur J Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bhuiyan SA, Ly S, Phan M, Huntington B, Hogan E, Liu CC, Liu J, Pavlidis P. Systematic evaluation of isoform function in literature reports of alternative splicing. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:637. [PMID: 30153812 PMCID: PMC6114036 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most genes in mammalian genomes have multiple isoforms, an ongoing debate is whether these isoforms are all functional as well as the extent to which they increase the functional repertoire of the genome. To ground this debate in data, it would be helpful to have a corpus of experimentally-verified cases of genes which have functionally distinct splice isoforms (FDSIs). RESULTS We established a curation framework for evaluating experimental evidence of FDSIs, and analyzed over 700 human and mouse genes, strongly biased towards genes that are prominent in the alternative splicing literature. Despite this bias, we found experimental evidence meeting the classical definition for functionally distinct isoforms for ~ 5% of the curated genes. If we relax our criteria for inclusion to include weaker forms of evidence, the fraction of genes with evidence of FDSIs remains low (~ 13%). We provide evidence that this picture will not change substantially with further curation and conclude there is a large gap between the presumed impact of splicing on gene function and the experimental evidence. Furthermore, many functionally distinct isoforms were not traceable to a specific isoform in Ensembl, a database that forms the basis for much computational research. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the claim that alternative splicing vastly increases the functional repertoire of the genome is an extrapolation from a limited number of empirically supported cases. We also conclude that more work is needed to integrate experimental evidence and genome annotation databases. Our work should help shape research around the role of splicing on gene function from presuming large general effects to acknowledging the need for stronger experimental evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsuddin A. Bhuiyan
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sophia Ly
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Minh Phan
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Brandon Huntington
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Ellie Hogan
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Chao Chun Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - James Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Paul Pavlidis
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
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Phan M, Baima J. Poster 193 Presentation of Humeral Arthritic Marrow Edema Mimicking Carcinoma: A Case Report. PM R 2016; 8:S224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2016.07.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Phan
- UMASS Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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Silva-Palacios F, Casanegra AI, Shapiro A, Phan M, Hawkins B, Li J, Stoner J, Tafur A. Impact of tornadoes on hospital admissions for acute cardiovascular events. Thromb Res 2015; 136:907-10. [PMID: 26388119 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of data describing cardiovascular events after tornado outbreaks. We proposed to study the effects of tornadoes on the incidence of cardiovascular events at a tertiary care institution. POPULATION AND METHODS Hospital admission records from a single center situated in a tornado-prone area three months before and after a 2013 tornado outbreak were abstracted. To control for seasonal variation, we also abstracted data from the same period of the prior year (control). Hospital admissions for cardiovascular events (CVEs) including acute myocardial infarction, stroke and venous thromboembolism (VTE) were summated by zip codes, and compared by time period. RESULTS There were 22,607 admissions analyzed, of which 6,705 (30%), 7,980 (35%), and 7,922 (35%) were during the pre-tornado, post-tornado, and control time frames, respectively. There were 344 CVE in the controls, 317 CVE in pre-tornado and 364 CVEs in post tornado periods. There was no difference in the prevalence of CVE during the post-tornado season compared with the control (PPR=1.05 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.21, p=0.50) or the pre-tornado season (PPR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.83 to 1.21, p=0.63). CONCLUSION In conclusion, tornado outbreaks did not increase the prevalence of cardiovascular events. In contrast to the effect of hurricanes, implementation of a healthcare policy change directed toward the early treatment and prevention of cardiovascular events after tornadoes does not seem warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Silva-Palacios
- Vascular Medicine Program, Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University Of Oklahoma, United States
| | - Ana Isabel Casanegra
- Vascular Medicine Program, Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University Of Oklahoma, United States.
| | - Alan Shapiro
- School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, United States
| | - Minh Phan
- Hematology and Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, United States
| | - Beau Hawkins
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, United States
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma, United States
| | - Julie Stoner
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma, United States
| | - Alfonso Tafur
- Vascular Medicine Program, Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University Of Oklahoma, United States
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Ahmad B, Pierson N, Adnan MM, Phan M, Jenkins J, Pant S, Cherry M, Khawandanah M. Distant skin metastases as primary presentation of gastric cancer. J Community Support Oncol 2015; 13:156-8. [PMID: 26102608 DOI: 10.12788/jcso.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Distant gastric metastasis to the skin is uncommonly a presenting symptom, although nonspecific paraneoplastic syndromes with dermatologic manifestation including diffuse seborrheic keratoses (Leser-Trelat sign), tripe palms, and acanthosis nigricans have been described in the literature. We report here the case of a 49-year-old woman with gastric adenocarcinoma who presented with cutaneous metastasis as an initial symptom. In our case, metastatic skin lesions responded significantly to EOX chemotherapy (epirubicin+oxaliplatin+capecitabine) despite progression of systemic disease. In similar presentations, a high index of clinical suspicion and skin biopsy are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmad
- Hematology-Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Namali Pierson
- Hematology-Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Mohammed Muqueet Adnan
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Minh Phan
- Hematology-Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Justin Jenkins
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Shubham Pant
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Mohamad Cherry
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Mohamad Khawandanah
- Hematology-Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
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Khawar M, Phan M, Ali T. Neck Swelling and Prostate Cancer...Can They Be Related? Chest 2014. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1990833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Moe M, Durrani S, Bertelli G, Pudney D, Rolles M, Askill C, Wagstaff J, Vigneswaran V, Rowley K, Parker K, Hatcher O, Phan M, Gwynne S, Banner R, Thayabaran D, Saiyed A, Taylor R. Er, Pr & Her2 Expression and Survival of Breast Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases (Brm) Treated with Whole Brain Radiotherapy (Wbrt) +/- Systemic Therapy - Single Centre Experience. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu329.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of death among outpatient chemotherapy patients. However the VTE preventive measures for outpatients are not widely advocated. We did a meta-analysis to evaluate the outpatient VTE prevention's effectiveness and safety. We searched electronic databases until the end of December 2012 and reviewed the abstracts and manuscripts following the PRISMA guidelines. Occurrence of first VTE event was the efficacy outcome. The safety end point was major bleeding. We calculated Q statistic and a homogeneity formal test. The odds ratio (OR) estimates were pooled by using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects method in the absence of heterogeneity. Data were analyzed using the R META package). We identified 1,485 articles and reviewed 37 articles based on initial screening. The number of patients included in 11 selected trials was 7,805. The odds of VTE was lower in the prophylaxis group (OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.45-0.71) and improved when heparin-based prevention was analyzed (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.41-0.70). We found strong prevention among patients with lung cancer (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.29-0.74) and pancreatic cancer (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.16-0.67). Major bleeding events were frequent in the intervention group (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.12-2.44). Thromboprophylaxis reduced VTE episodes. The VTE events were reduced by 47% in heparin-based prophylaxis trials compared to placebo. The patients receiving heparin-based prophylaxis had a 60% increase in bleeding events. Improving risk stratification tools to personalize prevention strategies may enhance the VTE prevention applicability in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Phan
- Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Buckley S, Phan M, Snelling J, O'Rourke N, Seaby P, Hawkes E, Harrison R, Pudney D. PO-0957 EFFECT OF A DIETARY PROTOCOL ON RECTAL SIZE DURING RADICAL RADIOTHERAPY FOR PROSTATE CANCER. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shields C, Roberts L, Munnar K, Jangwal H, Tong D, Beale J, Phan M, Burton A, Collins B, Scully C, Rowe M, Cheong Y, Proimos G, Fernando D, Goods C, New G. A Decade of PCI Experience with Off-site Surgical Back-up at Box Hill Hospital: What Have We Learnt? Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Elmoula MA, Panaitescu E, Phan M, Yin D, Richter C, Lewis LH, Menon L. Controlled attachment of gold nanoparticles on ordered titania nanotube arrays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b903197a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kudryashov DS, Galkin VE, Orlova A, Phan M, Egelman EH, Reisler E. Cofilin cross-bridges adjacent actin protomers and replaces part of the longitudinal F-actin interface. J Mol Biol 2006; 358:785-97. [PMID: 16530787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2005] [Revised: 01/22/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ADF/cofilins are abundant actin binding proteins critical to the survival of eukaryotic cells. Most ADF/cofilins bind both G and F-actin, sever the filaments and accelerate their treadmilling. These effects are linked to rearrangements of interprotomer contacts, changes in the mean twist, and filament destabilization by ADF/cofilin. Paradoxically, it was reported that under certain in vitro and in vivo conditions cofilin may stabilize actin filaments and nucleate their formation. Here, we show that yeast cofilin and human muscle cofilin (cofilin-2) accelerate the nucleation and elongation of ADP-F-actin and stabilize such filaments. Moreover, cofilin rescues the polymerization of the assembly incompetent tethramethyl rhodamine (TMR)-actin and T203C/C374S yeast mutant actin. Filaments of cofilin-decorated TMR-actin and unlabeled actin are indistinguishable, as revealed by electron microscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction. Our data suggest that ADF/cofilins play an active role in establishing new interprotomer interfaces in F-actin that substitute for disrupted (as in TMR-actin and mutant actin) or weakened (as in ADP-actin) longitudinal contacts in filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Kudryashov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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24
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Ammon K, Phan M, Wichmann R, Qazi GN. 87. Bioprozeßentwicklung am Beispiel der enzymatischen Vorstufensynthese von Vitamin C. CHEM-ING-TECH 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.330700989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Seventy-five episodes of clinically relevant anaerobic bacterial bacteremia observed in cancer patients were reviewed. Gastrointestinal (22.7%), hematological (22.7%) and female genital tract (18.6%) cancers were the most common underlying malignant diseases. Among 84 strains of strict anaerobic bacteria recovered in the 75 patients, gram-negative rods were isolated in 49 patients (58.3%), gram-positive rods in 29 patients (34.5%) and gram-positive cocci in 6 patients (8%). Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. were the most frequent pathogens (85.7%). Twenty-one episodes of bacteremia were polymicrobial, aerobic gram-positive cocci being the most frequently associated pathogens. When identified, the primary sites were the gastrointestinal tract (40%), the female genital tract (17.3%), skin and soft tissue (14.6%), the oropharynx (12%) and the lower respiratory tract (6.7%). The source remained unknown in 7 cases (9.3%). The overall survival (evaluated 10 days after the occurrence of bacteremia) was 82.5%. There was no difference in mortality between patients with monomicrobial and polymicrobial bacteremia. Pulmonary complications were more frequent in patients with fatal outcome in comparison to patients who survived. The mortality rate of the patients adequately treated was 10.3% compared to 41% for the patients not treated or treated inadequately (P = 0.016, chi 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Noriega
- Servicio Medicina Interna, Hospital Dipreca, Los Condes, Santiago, Chile
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Phan M, Van der Auwera P, Andry G, Aoun M, Chantrain G, Deraemaecker R, Dor P, Daneau D, Ewalenko P, Meunier F. Wound dressing in major head and neck cancer surgery: a prospective randomized study of gauze dressing vs sterile vaseline ointment. Eur J Surg Oncol 1993; 19:10-6. [PMID: 8436235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A total of 207 patients were randomized in a prospective comparative study of standard gauze dressing vs sterile vaseline ointment. 179 patients were evaluable. All patients received antimicrobial prophylaxis. The two groups (86 standard and 93 vaseline) were comparable as far as age (mean, 57 yr; range, 21-84), genders (155 males/24 females), weight (mean, 66 kg; range, 40-69), type of surgery, previous or concomitant anticancer treatment. Severity of surgery was identical, as was the severity of cancer, in the two groups. Wound infection within 20 days of surgery occurred in 31.2% (29/93) of the vaseline group and 24.4% (21/86) in the standard group (NSS). Bacteremia occurred in three patients from the vaseline group and in four patients from the standard group. Bronchopneumonia occurred in 10 patients from the vaseline group and 14 patients in the standard group. The spectrum of microorganisms recovered was similar in the two groups. The need for antimicrobial treatment (empiric or for documented infections) within 20 days after surgery was 34.4% (32/93) in the vaseline group and 36.0% (31/86) in the standard group. The median delay to infection (range in days) in the vaseline group was 9 (5-15) for wound and 6 (1-12) for bronchopneumonia. For the standard group the corresponding delays were 8 (4-15) and 7 (2-19). Vaseline dressing was not associated with an increased risk of infection as compared to the standard gauze dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Phan
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory, Institut J. Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Phan M, Van der Auwera P, Andry G, Aoun M, Chantrain G, Deraemaecker R, Dor P, Daneau D, Ewalenko P, Meunier F. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for major head and neck surgery in cancer patients: sulbactam-ampicillin versus clindamycin-amikacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36:2014-9. [PMID: 1416895 PMCID: PMC192428 DOI: 10.1128/aac.36.9.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 99 patients with head and neck cancer who were to undergo surgery were randomized in a prospective comparative study of sulbactam-ampicillin (1:2 ratio; four doses of 3 g of ampicillin and 1.5 g of sulbactam intravenously [i.v.] every 6 h) versus clindamycin (four doses of 600 mg i.v. every 6 h)-amikacin (two doses of 500 mg i.v. every 12 h) as prophylaxis starting at the induction of anesthesia. The two groups of evaluable patients (43 in the clindamycin-amikacin treatment group and 42 in the sulbactam-ampicillin treatment group) were comparable as far as age (mean, 57 years; range, 21 to 84 years), sex ratio (71 males, 28 females), weight (mean, 66 kg; range, 40 to 69 kg), indication for surgery (first surgery, 48 patients; recurrence, 37 patients), previous anticancer treatment (surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy), type of surgery, and stage of cancer. The overall infection rate (wound, bacteremia, and bronchopneumonia) within 20 days after surgery was 20 patients in each group. Wound infections occurred in 14 (33%) sulbactam-ampicillin-treated patients and 9 (21%) clindamycin-amikacin-treated patients (P = 0.19; not significant). The rates of bacteremia were 2 and 4%, respectively. The rates of bronchopneumonia were 14.3 and 23.2%, respectively (P was not significant). Most infections were polymicrobial, but strict anaerobes were recovered only from patients who received sulbactam-ampicillin. Antimicrobial treatment was required within 20 days after surgery for 42% of the sulbactam-ampicillin-treated patients and 44% of the clindamycin-amikacin-treated patients. By comparison with previous studies, we observed a decreased efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing surgery because of the increased proportion of patients who were at very high risk for infection (extensive excision and plastic reconstruction in patients with recurrent stage III and IV cancers) and because of the longer duration of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Phan
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory, Clinique H. J. Tagnon, Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
Muscarinic binding sites were found in the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELLL) and vestibulo cerebellum (LC) of certain gymnotid fish; these binding sites were not present in significant numbers in the corpus cerebelli. Autoradiography of [3H]quinuclidinylbenzilate and [3H]propylbenzylcholine mustard binding confirmed these results and also demonstrated that, within the ELLL the region with muscarinic binding sites was coextensive with the region of cholinergic input. We did not find any evidence for nicotinic receptors (alpha-bungarotoxin binding) in ELLL, LC, or corpus cerebelli.
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Abstract
Interferon-alpha inducers were previously shown to cause human lymphocyte production of a corticotropin (ACTH)-like peptide. Thyrotropin (TSH) was not produced under these conditions. In contrast, this report shows that a T-cell mitogen (staphylococcal enterotoxin A), which does not induce the ACTH-like peptide, caused human lymphocyte production of an immunoreactive (ir) TSH. Lymphocyte synthesis of the ir TSH was first detectable at 24 hr, peaked at 48 hr, and thereafter declined. NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of intrinsically radiolabeled lymphocyte-derived ir TSH showed radiolabeled peaks at 80, 50, and 26 kilodaltons. These peaks presumably correspond to trimeric, dimeric, and monomeric TSH-like proteins, respectively. Acid treatment and reduction caused the ir TSH to migrate as a 14-kilodalton peak with a 12-kilodalton shoulder in a gel filtration column run in 6 M guanidine . HCl. Thus, the ir TSH seemed to be composed of subunits with molecular masses corresponding to those of the beta and alpha chains of human TSH, respectively. The ir TSH appeared to be glycoprotein because it bound to a concanavalin A affinity column. Taken together these data suggest that in addition to ACTH, human lymphocytes can also produce a TSH-like substance.
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Buchegger F, Phan M, Rivier D, Carrel S, Accolla RS, Mach JP. Monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) used in a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. First clinical results. J Immunol Methods 1982; 49:129-39. [PMID: 7040549 DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(82)90271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using both mouse monoclonal and goat polyclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was developed. The assay detects 0.6 to 1.2 ng of CEA per ml of serum and has 3 incubation steps which can be performed in 1 day. Polystyrene balls coated with polyclonal goat anti-CEA antibodies are first incubated with heat-extracted serum samples. Bound CEA is then detected by addition of mouse monoclonal antibodies, followed by goat IgG anti-mouse IgG1 coupled to alkaline phosphatase. Results with this enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies (M-EIA) have been compared with those obtained by the conventional inhibition radioimmunoassay (RIA) using goat antiserum. Three hundred and eighty serum samples from 167 patients with malignant or non-malignant diseases and from 134 normal individuals with or without heavy smoking habits were analyzed by the 2 assays. Excellent correlation between the results of the 2 assays was obtained, but the M-EIA, using monoclonal antibodies from a single hybridoma, did not discriminate better than the conventional RIA between CEA produced by different types of carcinoma and between CEA associated with malignant or non-malignant diseases. Follow-up studies of several patients by sequential CEA determinations with the 2 assays showed that the M-EIA was as accurate as the RIA for the detection of tumor recurrences.
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