Access of people with pulmonary tuberculosis to government programs: Primary Care professionals' perceptions

OBJECTIVE

to analyze Primary Health Care professionals' perceptions about the access of people with pulmonary tuberculosis to government social support and income transfer programs.

METHODS

multicenter/qualitative study, carried out in Family Health Units in four Brazilian capitals: Belém/Pará, Campo Grande/Mato Grosso do Sul, Recife/Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro/Rio de Janeiro. Fifty-eight professionals participated (social workers, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, physicians and nursing technicians), who provided assistance to people with pulmonary tuberculosis. Individual interviews were conducted, and the content analysis technique was used.

RESULTS

among the participants, 45/77.6% were women and 33/56.9% were between 25 and 40 years old. Two thematic categories were organized, demonstrating the perceptions about the possibilities of access to government programs by people with pulmonary tuberculosis in vulnerable situations and the obstacles inherent to this context.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

it is necessary to move forward in improving patient access to social programs.

Abrangência do Programa Saúde na Escola em Vitória de Santo Antão-PE

RESUMO A pesquisa objetivou descrever, por meio de um estudo de avaliação, o alcance do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) em Vitória de Santo Antão-PE, no ano de 2016. Os dados foram coletados entre outubro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017, mediante fonte documental das Secretarias Municipal de Saúde, de Educação e da Gerência Regional de Educação. O município apresentou 52 escolas cadastradas, e 26 realizaram alguma atividade referente ao programa. As ações englobaram atividades do componente I, como, por exemplo, ‘Avaliação antropométrica’, ‘Verificação da situação vacinal’, ‘Promoção e avaliação da saúde bucal’. As temáticas do componente II também foram verificadas, como ‘Promoção das práticas corporais e atividade física’, ‘Ações de segurança alimentar e alimentação saudável’, ‘Promoção da saúde ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável’, com foco nas arboviroses. O quantitativo de ações na zona urbana foi superior quando comparada a área rural. Um bom número de escolas cadastradas contrastando com a baixa ativação (implementação) do PSE ou, ainda, um alcance ‘muito ruim’ dos estudantes permearam as respostas da pesquisa, possibilitando a solidificação de subsídios para o surgimento de questionamentos essenciais às novas intervenções nesse campo de pesquisa e fornecendo outros conhecimentos sobre o programa para o público geral.

Scope of the School Health Program in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

ABSTRACT The research aimed to describe, through an evaluation study in 2016, the scope of the School Health Program (PSE) in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão State of Pernambuco in the Northeast region of Brasil. Data were collected between October 2016 and February 2017 using documental source from the Municipal Health and Education secretaries and the Regional Education Management. The municipality had 52 registered schools and 26 carried out some activity related to the program. The actions encompassed component I activities such as ‘Anthropometric assessment’, ‘Verification of vaccination status’, ‘Oral health promotion and assessment’, for example. The themes of component II were also verified such as ‘Promotion of body practices and physical activity’, ‘Food safety and healthy eating actions’, ‘Promotion of Environmental Health and sustainable development’, with focus on arboviruses. The number of actions in the urban area was higher when compared to the rural area. A good number of registered schools contrasting with the low activation (implementation) of the PSE, or even a ‘very bad’ reach of students, permeated the survey answers, enabling the solidification of subsidies of essential questions to new interventions in this research field and providing other knowledges about the program to the general public.

Access to government social programs and the tuberculosis control program: a multicenter study

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze government social initiatives aimed at people with tuberculosis and the possibilities of access to government social programs and income transfers through the perception of tuberculosis program managers. Methods: descriptive, qualitative study with 19 managers from Belém, Recife, Campo Grande, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Thematic content analysis was used. Results: there is no specific government social support for people with tuberculosis; the benefits are intended for people in social vulnerability. There are partnerships between the institutions of the secondary social healthcare network, social assistance, and community institutions. Final Considerations: the support of official bodies is important for the control of tuberculosis; however, the profile of people’s vulnerability is a determining factor for access to/destination of resources from these government social support programs.

Evaluation of nurse’s performance in telemedicine

ABSTRACT Objective: Describe the nurse’s role in the Telemedicine Program in Cardiology implanted in Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: Qualitative study, with a target audience of nurses, performed between July and December 2016 at the Emergency Care Units. Data were collected through an online instrument, consisting of open and closed questions, performed with 19 professionals. The data were analyzed through the discourse of the collective subject by QuantiQualisoftware. Results: The sample consisted of 19 nurses, mostly female (80%), with a mean age of 30 years old. Two central ideas were constructed: nurses’ knowledge about the Telemedicine Program in Cardiology; and actions developed by nurses. Also, a flow of the program’s assistance was built. Final considerations: The nurse in Telecardiology performs functions of assistance and continuing education of monitoring and training for patients.

A comprehensive survey of Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio sp. in seabirds from southeastern Brazil: outcomes for public health

AIMS

To perform a microbiological survey regarding the presence, prevalence and characterization of Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio sp. in debilitated wrecked marine birds recovered from the centre-north coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Swabs obtained from 116 alive and debilitated wrecked marine birds, comprising 19 species, from the study area were evaluated by biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests and pathogenicity gene screening were performed for bacterial strains of public health importance. Vibrio sp. and Aeromonas sp. were identified, as well as certain pathogenic genes and resistance to selected antimicrobials.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that the identified bacteria, mainly Vibrio sp., are fairly prevalent and widespread among several species of seabirds and highlights the importance of migratory birds in bacterial dispersion. In addition, it demonstrates the importance of the bacterial strains regarding their pathogenic potential. Therefore, seabirds can act as bacterial reservoirs, and their monitoring is of the utmost importance in a public health context.

SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY

The study comprehensively evaluates the importance of seabirds as bacteria of public health importance reservoirs, since birds comprising several pathogenic bacterial species were evaluated.

Factors associated with the type of violence perpetrated against adolescents in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

To analyze the factors associated with the types of violence against adolescents reported in Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2009 to 2012. Prevalence study conducted through an electronic database from the Violence Surveillance Official System in a population of 5259 adolescents (aged 10-19 years). Poisson regression was used, with significance level at 5%. There was a significant increase of 204% in the number of violence reports, and the number of reporting units increased by 92.6%. When separately evaluated, physical violence was the most prevalent type, accounting for 44.7% of the reports. Taking as independent variables the age range of 15-19 years, female, having no disability, and public roads as place of occurrence, the positively and independently associated factors were: male gender (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.4-1.6) with physical violence; having deficiency (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5-2.0) with psychological violence; age range of 10-14 years (PR 2.4, 95% CI 2.2-2.6) with sexual assault; and male (OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.0-7.5), having disabilities (PR 4.6, 95% CI 2.7-9.7), and occurrence in residence (PR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3-6.1) with neglect. Age between 10 to 14 years was associated with the occurrence of sexual assault; male with the occurrence of physical violence and neglect; having disabilities with psychological violence and neglect; and occurrence in the residence was associated with neglect.

Completitude das notificações de violência perpetrada contra adolescentes em Pernambuco, Brasil

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a tendência da completitude dos dados de violência perpetrada contra adolescentes registrados em Pernambuco, em 2009-2012. Estudo transversal, com 5.259 adolescentes vítimas de violência notificadas no SINAN-VIVA da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Pernambuco. Utilizou regressão linear simples para investigar a tendência de completitude das variáveis. Os percentuais de completitude foram considerados como variáveis dependentes (Y) e os anos da série, como independentes (X). Os resultados mostram um incremento significativo de 204% no número de notificações. Porém, das 34 variáveis analisadas, 27 (79,4%) apresentaram tendência Estacionária, 6 (17,6%) Decrescente e apenas uma (2,9%) Crescente. A completitude foi considerada ‘Muito Ruim’ para as variáveis: Escolaridade (47,3%), Complemento (21,3%), Hora da Ocorrência (38,0%) e Uso de Álcool Pelo Agressor (47,0%). Portanto, apesar do grande incremento no numero de notificações, a qualidade dos dados permaneceu comprometida, dificultando uma análise mais realista neste grupo.

Percepção de gestantes sobre a organização do serviço/ assistência em um pré-natal de baixo risco de Recife Perceptions of pregnant women about the organization of the service/ assistance in prenatal low risk in Recife

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico e a percepção da assistência de gestantes de baixo risco atendidas em uma maternidade do Recife-PE. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo com 94 gestantes atendidas no pré-natal de baixo risco, de abril a maio de 2014. Os dados foram coletados dos sujeitos e do Cartão da Gestante, utilizando questionário. Resultados: 71% eram pardas/negras, 17% baixa escolaridade, 26% solteira/divorciada, 49% desempregada e 48% tinha renda familiar menor que um salário mínimo. 28% multigesta e 17% referiu no mínimo um aborto. Entretanto, das 69 (73,4%) que haviam realizado exames, 46% estavam pouco satisfeitas/insatisfeitas com o tempo de entrega dos exames. Conclusão: Conhecer o perfil e a satisfação das gestantes traz contribuições para enfermagem, uma vez que compete ao enfermeiro realizar as consultas de pré-natal das gestantes consideradas de baixo risco, sendo de sua responsabilidade assegurar uma assistência pré-natal qualificada de maneira integral.

[Intracranial chondrosarcoma: report of a case]

A case of intracranial chondrosarcoma is reported. Its diagnosis can be suspected through the findings of a paraselar avascular tumor, sometimes with in specific calcifications, visualized as a isodense and contrast-enhancing mass by computed tomography, as observed in the case. Differential diagnosis may be difficult with chondromas and meningiomas. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice, with good results.