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Babaei M, Youssefi MR, Nasrabadi NT. In vitro evaluation of antileishmanial activity of Boswellia serrata essential oil nanoliposome. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1400. [PMID: 38379363 PMCID: PMC10879719 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis poses a significant health risk. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Boswellia serrata (B. serrata) essential oil nanoliposomes on Leishmania tropica (L. tropica) in vitro. METHODS A mixture of B. serrata essential oil, phosphatidylcholine and Tween 80 were used to prepare B. serrata essential oil nanoliposomes, followed by drying, hydration and size characterisation. The promastigotes of L. tropica were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium (RPMI-1640) containing streptomycin, penicillin and fetal bovine serum. Different concentrations of B. serrata essential and nanoliposomes were tested for their antileishmanial properties by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium Bromide tests (MTT). RESULTS Results of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) for B. serrata nanoliposomes indicate that they are successful at producing nanoliposomes with dimensions of 74.8 nm. At 1 μg/mL dose, B. serrata essence caused 17 ± 1.73% mortality, while B. serrata nanoliposomes induced 26 ± 1.15% mortality. B. serrata essence achieved a mortality of 55 ± 2.88% at 10 μg/mL, whereas B. serrata nanoliposomes demonstrated a mortality of 63.66±0.88% at 10 μg/mL. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between similar concentrations of B. serrata and B. serrata nanoliposomes. The LC50 of B. serrata essential oil is 7.26 μg/mL in the 95% confidence interval (12.13-5.25). The LC90 value of B. serrata essential oil is 129.37 μg/mL in the 95% confidence interval (50.07-852.58). The LC50 value of B. serrata nanoliposome is 4.20 μg/mL in the 95% confidence interval (6.13-3.10). LC90 value for B. serrata nanoliposome is calculated as 91.89 μg/mL in the 95% confidence interval (37.09-583.29). CONCLUSIONS In vitro experiments have shown that B. serrata oil and the nanoliposome suppress the proliferation of L. tropica promastigotes, which suggests it may be a promising option for treating leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Babaei
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Babol BranchIslamic Azad UniversityBabolIran
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Abedi S, Tabari MA, Youssefi MR. Pivotal role of permeability-glycoprotein in absorption of praziquantel into Dicrocoelium dendriticum parasite. Parasitol Res 2023; 123:12. [PMID: 38057607 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Dicrocoelium dendriticum affects the livers of ruminants and causes several deleterious effects on animal health status. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of permeability-glycoprotein (P-gp) in absorption of praziquantel (PZQ) into D. dendriticum flukes by co-incubation with verapamil (VPL), an inhibitor of P-gp, under in vitro conditions. Mature flukes of D. dendriticum were collected from naturally infected sheep livers. The flukes were incubated with different concentrations of PZQ and VPL (50 and 100 μg/ml) in culture media and after several times of exposure (2, 6, 12, and 24 h), the concentration of PZQ absorbed in the parasites was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. At 2-h post-incubation, the highest concentration of PZQ was noted as 0.92 µg/ml in the flukes treated with 100 μg/ml of each PZQ and VPL. After 24-h of exposure, VPL at all tested concentrations resulted in significant increase in absorption of PZQ into the parasite. Co-incubation of lancet flukes with VPL and PZQ roughly doubled the absorption of PZQ into them. Results of tegumental structures analysis by light microscopy confirmed higher efficacy of combination of VPL and PZQ. In conclusion, co-administration of VPL, especially at the concentration of 100 μg/ml, was able to increase PZQ uptake in Dicrocoelium flukes at all time points of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodeh Abedi
- Student Research Committee, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.
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Fereydooni S, Arfaee F, Youssefi MR, Gharib FZ, Tabari MA. In vitro toxicity of combination of amitraz and carvacrol on Demodex canis. Open Vet J 2023; 13:894-902. [PMID: 37614730 PMCID: PMC10443819 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i7.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine generalized demodicosis is an inflammatory skin disease, which usually has time-consuming and frustrating treatments. Aim The present study aimed to evaluate the acaricidal activity of carvacrol as a green drug and a combination of carvacrol and amitraz on Demodex canis mites and investigate mites' survival lifetime. Methods Mite samples were collected from a dog affected by demodicosis and had been diagnosed with deep skin scrapings. The motility of mites was examined by using optical microscopy. Samples were tested with 5% of carvacrol, the combination of Carvacrol 5% + Amitraz 0.05%, Amitraz 0.05% as a positive control, and mineral oil as a negative control. The interval time between the adding the test solutions and the moment the last mite ceased was defined as the survival time in the samples and the killing times of mites in each group were compared with each other. Results It was determined that after administration of a 5% concentration of carvacrol, lethal effects were faster than the combination solution of Carvacrol 5% + Amitraz 0.05%, and the survival times in the control groups were longer than in both treatment groups. Conclusion Carvacrol, as one of the most important bioactive terpenes, had the most effective in vitro miticidal activity, and it seems that carvacrol alone or in combination with amitraz can be suggested as a possible therapy in the treatment of canine demodicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Fereydooni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Arfaee
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zahra Gharib
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
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Tabari MA, Poźniak B, Mostafavi niaki ST, Salehi A, Youssefi MR. Pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of levamisole in Ascaridia galli experimentally infected ducks. Vet Parasitol 2022; 312:109838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Youssefi MR, Khabbazian FG, Navidi N, Yazdani Rostam MM, Giorgi M, Abouhosseini Tabari M. Pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacies of fenbendazole in comparison with levamisole in helminth-infected Caspian turtles (Mauremys caspica). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 46:170-176. [PMID: 36065517 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of fenbendazole and levamisole were determined in Caspian turtles after a single intravenous (i.v.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) administration. Thirty turtles diagnosed as naturally infected with Serpinema microcephalus and Falcaustra armenica nematodes received fenbendazole (50 mg/kg) or levamisole (10 mg/kg) by i.v. and s.c. administrations. Blood samples were collected at time 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h after drug administration. Plasma drug concentrations were determined by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. Data were analyzed by noncompartmental methods. The mean elimination half-life of levamisole was 5.16 h and 12.03 h for i.v. and s.c. routes, respectively, and for fenbendazole, the mean elimination half-life was 25.38 h (i.v.) and 29.77 h (s.c.). The total clearance and volume of distribution at steady-state for levamisole and fenbendazole following i.v. administration were 0.22, 0.44 ml/g/h, and 1.06 and 7.35 ml/g, respectively. For the s.c. route, the peak plasma concentration of levamisole and fenbendazole was 10.53 and 5.24 μg/mL, respectively. The s.c. bioavailability of levamisole and fenbendazole was complete. Considering high anthelmintic efficacy and bioavailability after s.c. administration of levamisole and fenbendazole, and the absence of adverse effects, this route of administration is an easy and efficacious way of treating nematodes in Caspian turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Niki Navidi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Yazdani Rostam
- Resident of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mario Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Abouhosseini Tabari M, Jafari AH, Maggi F, Mazzara E, Youssefi MR, Moghaddas E, Yazdani Rostam MM, Rezaei F. Scolicidal activity of some medicinal plant essential oils on Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2103595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amir Hossein Jafari
- Young Research Club and Elite, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Elham Moghaddas
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Rezaei
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
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Moshaverinia A, Raouf-Rahmati A, Jarahi L, Bergquist R, Zorrilla-Vaca A, Kiani F, Jadidoleslami A, Doggett SL, Zarean M, Majma A, Reza Youssefi M, Moghaddas E, Kiani B. Geographical patterns and mechanisms of Cimex lectularius Linnaeus, 1758, and Cimex hemipterus Fabricius, 1803 (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) resistance to insecticides: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:1817-1827. [PMID: 35524788 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to review published scientific literature on bed bugs in countries where insecticide resistance has been reported worldwide from 2000 to 2021. Electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and WOS, were searched. Out of 606 articles found in the initial search, we selected 57 articles, of which 40 articles had reported on Cimex lectularius (C. lectularius), and 22 papers had reported on Cimex hemipterus (C. hemipterus). Most studies on insecticide resistance were carried out on C. lectularius in North America (14, 35%) and C. hemipterus in Asia (16, 72.7%). The most common method used to detect bed bug resistance to insecticides was toxicological bioassay with an overall random pooled effect size of 0.38 (95% CI: 0.23-0.53) in C. lectularius and 0.46 (95% CI: 0.27-0.65) in C. hemipterus. Resistance to pyrethroids was reported against C. lectularius with an overall pooled effect size of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.56-0.94) and C. hemipterus with an overall pooled effect size of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.57-0.93) in 33.40 (82.5%) and 19.22 (86.3%) published articles, respectively. A very high resistance level to pyrethroids in both studied species was observed, and resistance ratios at the highest level were 76389.3 and 315.5 in C. lectularius and C. hemipterus, respectively. Resistance mechanisms against pyrethroids were reported from most locations except Iran and Thailand, but these mechanisms were not studied in other insecticide groups. These reports indicate that chemical control options for bed bugs are limited. Therefore, a combination of chemical and non-chemical strategies is recommended for bed bug control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Moshaverinia
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amene Raouf-Rahmati
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lida Jarahi
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Robert Bergquist
- Ingerod, Brastad, Sweden (formerly with the UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Fatemeh Kiani
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Jadidoleslami
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Stephen L Doggett
- Department of Medical Entomology, ICPMR, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Mehdi Zarean
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Majma
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol-Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Elham Moghaddas
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Behzad Kiani
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ehsani-Amrei SF, Motevalli-Haghi A, Nateghpour M, Mohebali M, Youssefi MR, Raiesi O, Mahdavi SA, Farivar L. Detection of Malaria Parasites and Other Haemosporidia in Migratory and Native Birds in Mazandaran and Golestan Provinces, Iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2022; 16:26-33. [PMID: 36636240 PMCID: PMC9807839 DOI: 10.18502/jad.v16i1.11189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A variety of haemoprotozoa including Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon cause infections in birds and are transmitted by some known vectors. These parasites cause anemia, low appetite, weakness and ultimately death in birds. The present study was aimed to determine these parasites, in birds of Mazandaran and Golestan provinces in Iran. Methods The project was performed on 340 live birds in 2016. The samples were collected from February to September 2016, from each bird, two thin and thick blood smears were prepared and the remaining blood about 1ml was kept in EDTA-containing tubes for molecular studies. The slides were stained with 10% Giemsa, then examined microscopically. About ten percent of the negative samples were considered for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique, using specific primers to diagnose Plasmodium and Haemoproteus spp. Electrophoresis was done for PCR products and relevant bands to the parasites were identified based on the size. The considered birds belonged to ducks, chickens, roosters, and pigeons. Results From 340 microscopically examined blood samples 32 (9.5%) samples were positive. Twenty-five (7.35%) of them were infected with the genus Haemoproteus. Seven samples (14%) out of 50 microscopically negative samples were found as Haemoproteus or Plasmodium spp when PCR technique was employed. Conclusion This study revealed the existence of malaria parasites and other haemosporidia in birds in Iran. Employing molecular methods (PCR examination) could detect more infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Fatemeh Ehsani-Amrei
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Motevalli-Haghi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding authors: Dr Afsaneh Motevalli-Haghi, , , Dr Mehdi Nateghpour,
| | - Mehdi Nateghpour
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding authors: Dr Afsaneh Motevalli-Haghi, , , Dr Mehdi Nateghpour,
| | - Mehdi Mohebali
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Omid Raiesi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Parasitology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Seif Ali Mahdavi
- Amol Faculty of Paramedics, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Leila Farivar
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tabari MA, Vahdati SAF, Samakkhah SA, Araghi A, Youssefi MR. Therapeutic efficacy of triclabendazole in comparison to combination of triclabendazole and levamisole in sheep naturally infected with Fasciola sp .. J Parasit Dis 2022; 46:80-86. [PMID: 35299911 PMCID: PMC8901840 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-021-01422-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascioliasis is an important parasitic disease which affects productivity of ruminants, and imposes significant economic losses. Benzimidazoles are effective in the treatment of fascioliasis; however, there are several reports on benzimidazoles resistant flukes. Combinational therapy is an approach to delay the emergence of resistant flukes. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of triclabendazole (TBZ) and combination of triclabendazole and levamisole (TBZ + LVM) in the treatment of sheep naturally infected with Fasciola sp. For this purpose, 40 ewes infected with Fasciola sp. in three groups received TBZ, and TBZ + LVM, or remained untreated as CON. Fecal egg count (FEC), fecal egg count reduction (FECR), liver enzymes activity, albumin, globulin, and total protein levels were measured on day 0, 7, 14, and 28 post treatments. Obtained results showed that treatment with TBZ and TBZ + LVM resulted in significant reduction in FEC (P < 0.05), and FECR reached to values of higher than 90% on 28 day post treatment. The FEC for TBZ + LMV on day 7 and 14 were 12.25 ± 3.82 and 3.08 ± 1.03, respectively which was significantly lower in comparison to TBZ and CON (P < 0.05). Efficacy of TBZ + LMV was higher than TBZ on day 7 and 14 post treatment; however, no significant difference was observed on 28 day. The liver enzyme activities on days 7 and 14 were lower in the TBZ + LVM sheep in comparison to the TBZ and CON. Treatment with TBZ or TBZ + LVM resulted in an increase in albumin and a decrease in globulin. Over all, the present study clarified the importance of combinational therapy, and demonstrated that combination of TBZ + LVM resulted in higher efficacy and earlier improvement of liver conditions in sheep naturally infected with Fasciola sp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shohre Alian Samakkhah
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Atefeh Araghi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol-Branch, Babol, Iran ,Department of Medical Sciences, Comprehensive Health Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
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Langerudi MT, Youssefi MR, Tabari MA. Ameliorative effect of Psidium guajava essential oil supplemented feed on chicken experimental coccidiosis. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:120. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Naser A, Shirali S, Youssefi MR, Shemshadi B, Tabar MA. In vitro scolicidal activity of clove oil and its nano-emulsion on hydatid cyst protoscoleces. Ann Parasitol 2022; 68:757-765. [PMID: 37702284 DOI: 10.17420/ap6804.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Naser
- Department of Pathobiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saloomeh Shirali
- Department of Pathobiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Bahar Shemshadi
- Department of Pathobiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Yazdani N, Youssefi MR, Tabari MA. Antitrichomonal activity of nanoemulsion of carvacrol on Trichomonas galline: formulation development and in vitro characterization. Ann Parasitol 2022; 68:151-157. [PMID: 35491905 DOI: 10.17420/ap6801.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid in veterinary medicine to find novel natural resources to reduce the use of synthetic drugs, avoid side effects, and for better compliance of the animals’ owners. Metronidazole has been used for many years in the treatment of birds’ trichomonosis. Carvacrol is a terpenoid and several biologic activities was attributed to it. The present study developed and characterized a carvacrol nanoemulsion (NanoCAV) and investigated its antitrichomonal activity on Trichomonas gallinae, the causative agent of pigeon trichomonosis, under in vitro condition and compared it with carvacrol (CAV) and the standard antitrichomonal dug, metronidazole (MTZ). Additionally, cytotoxicity of the developed formulation to the fibroblast cell line was evaluated. The NanoCAV mean size and surface charge were 80.5 nm and -31.2 mv, respectively. No significant cytotoxicity was observed for the NanoCAV. Incorporation efficiency of NanoCAV was measured as 75%. Results of antitrichomonal activity assay showed 12 h fifty percent lethal concentrations of 0.39 and 0.27 μg/ml for CAV and NanoCAV, respectively. The NanoCAV based on in vitro activity and low cytotoxicity, can be further studied for its efficacy and safety profile in the pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Yazdani
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
- Department of Comprehensive Health Research Center, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran 4Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Abouhosseini Tabari
- Department of Comprehensive Health Research Center, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran 4Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
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Aghajani Amiri A, Youssefi MR, Abouhosseini Tabari M. In vitro toxicity of cinnamaldehyde and nanoemulsion of cinnamaldehyde on protoscoleces of hydatid cyst. Ann Parasitol 2022; 68:693-699. [PMID: 37573510 DOI: 10.17420/ap6804.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis is a major parasitic and zoonotic disease and surgery is the most common treatment of this disease which carries the risk of intraoperative leakage and recurrence. Using scolicidal agent to inactivate cyst contents reduces the risk of recurrence. Considering side effects of available scolicidals and growing interests on natural pharmaceuticals, the present study aimed to evaluate toxicity of cinnamaldehyde (CA), the main component of cinnamon essential oil, and a developed nanoemulsion of cinnamaldehyde (nano-CA) on protoscoleces of hydatid cyst. Nanoemulsion was prepared by the low energy system and characterized by dynamic light scattering to confirm dimensions. For evaluation of scolicidal effects, serial dilutions of CA and nano-CA were mixed with protoscolices suspension and mortality were recorded at 10, 30, and 60 minutes by eosin exclusion test. Albendazole was used as the positive control. The mean diameter of nano-CA was characterized as equal to 88.5 nm, and poly dispersity index was 0.09. After 30 min of treatment, nano-CA, at 50 μg/ml, killed 99.33% of protoscoleces. At the same time point and concentration, CA only caused mortality rate of 26.18%. 30 min-LC50 value of 369.39 μg/ml was obtained for CA, while after 30 min of exposure, nano-CA showed promising rapid activity with LC50 value of 3.22 μg/ml. Nano formulation significantly increased scolicidal activity of CA probably by increasing penetration and tegumental disorganization of protoscoleces. Further in vivo safety studies are needed to introduce nano-CA as a clinically applicable scolicidal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Aghajani Amiri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
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14
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Rokni N, Faridnia R, Esboei BR, Eslami S, Fakhar M, Youssefi MR, Kalani H, Keighobadi M. Peganum harmala and Nigella sativa: anti-leishmanial activity against Leishmania major promastigotes and amastigotes: in vitro and ex vivo experiment. Ann Parasitol 2021; 67:313-319. [PMID: 34598403 DOI: 10.17420/ap6702.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniosis is one of the most important vectors borne disease that is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. There are many approved treatment for different types of leishmaniosis but all are with some adverse side effects that limited its uses. Here, we attempt to evaluate in vitro and ex vivo anti-leishmanial activities of Peganum harmala (P. harmala) and N. sativa (Nigella sativa) on promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major. The plants were extracted by maceration method and prepared in concentrations of 7.8, 3.9, 1.9, and 0.9 μg. L. major were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium alone and in J774 cell line separately. The extracts at different concentrations were assessed against promastigote (in vitro assay) and amastigotes (ex vivo assay) of L. major for 72 h at 22 and 37°C, respectively. In current work, N. sativa at highest concentration (7.8 μg/ml) showed 54.4 and 60% anti-leishmanial activity with IC50 of 5.3 and 3.278 μg/ml, respectively. Also, P. harmala at highest concentration (7.8 μg/ml) showed 68.9 and 58.6% antileishmanial activity with IC50 of 2.4 μg/ml for both of them, respectively. The SI value was 38.22 for N. sativa, 25.9 for P. harmala, 19.4 for Amphotericin B, and 16.33 for Glucantime. The results of our study indicated that N. sativa and P. harmala are effective against L. major promastigotes and amastigotes and could be consider as an alternative treatments for leishmaniosis. Therefore, it is recommended that further studies be performed to confirm the efficacy and evaluate the toxicity of the herbal extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Rokni
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol-Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Roghiyeh Faridnia
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Iranian National Registry Center for Toxoplasmosis (INRCT), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Bahman Rahimi Esboei
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tonekabone Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabone, Iran
| | - Shahram Eslami
- Department of Parasitology, Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fakhar
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Iranian National Registry Center for Toxoplasmosis (INRCT), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Parasitology, Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol-Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamed Kalani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Masoud Keighobadi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Iranian National Registry Center for Toxoplasmosis (INRCT), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Iranian National Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst (INRCHC), Mazandaran Branch, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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15
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Abouhosseini Tabari M, Kashani Rad M, Youssefi MR, Maggi F, Cespi M, Pavoni L, Bonacucina G. Development and characterization of monoterpene loaded microemulsions as novel scolicidal agents. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:606-613. [PMID: 34549508 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most important zoonotic diseases. The primary treatment is surgery and chemical sterilization of the parasitic layers by injection of a scolicidal agent. Available scolicidals possess side effects, and may cause postoperative complications. Several studies reported the scolicidal properties of monoterpene phenols and alcohols such as carvacrol, thymol, and geraniol. The present study aimed to develop, characterize, and assess monoterpene loaded microemulsions as novel green scolicidals products. For this purpose, microemulsions composing 0.37%, 0.75%, and 1.5% of monoterpenoid(s), thymol, carvacrol, and geraniol, alone or in binary or ternary mixtures were formulated. Samples were analyzed by visual inspection, polarizing optical microscope, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The stability of the samples was evaluated up to a 3-month storage. For the scolicidal bioassay, samples at different concentrations of 200, 100, 50, 25, and 10 μg/ml were added to wells containing 104 viable protoscoleces and mortality rates were recorded at 2, 5, 10, and 20 min after exposure. Results of the present study showed that microemulsions formulated with 0.75% of pure carvacrol or the binary mixture of thymol and carvacrol at 0.375% are promising scolicidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milad Kashani Rad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Marco Cespi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Lucia Pavoni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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16
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Tabari MA, Poźniak B, Abrishami A, Moradpour AA, Shahavi MH, Kazemi S, Youssefi MR. Antitrichomonal activity of metronidazole-loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles in pigeon trichomoniasis. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:3263-3272. [PMID: 34342682 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the novel drug delivery systems to reduce the dose of the drug and avoid side effects. Metronidazole has been used for many years in the treatment of anaerobic bacterial and protozoal infections. Nanolactoferrin, a newly developed antibacterial agent originated from lactoferrin, is applied both as an active therapeutic and a drug nanocarrier. The present study describes the development and characterization of metronidazole-loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles (nano-MTZ) as well as reports their antitrichomonal activity on Trichomonas gallinae, the protozoal causative agent of pigeon trichomoniasis. The activity of the nano-MTZ is compared with the regular metronidazole formulation (MTZ) under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Additionally, cytotoxicity of the nano-MTZ to fibroblast cell line and possible hepatotoxicity in treated pigeons were evaluated. Nano-MTZ was prepared based on the thermal treatment method and the average size and surface charge of the dispersion were 30.6 nm and - 44.6 mv, respectively. No significant cytotoxicity was noted for the nano-MTZ in comparison to the MTZ. Loading efficiency in nano-MTZ was calculated as 55%. In vitro susceptibility results demonstrated 24 h 90% lethal concentration values of 4.23 and 6.64 µg/mL for MTZ and nano-MTZ, respectively. Oral treatment of the pigeons experimentally infected with T. gallinae resulted in the earlier eradication of the infection in the nano-MTZ-treated pigeons. No adverse effects on the liver function have been observed for the nano-MTZ. These findings suggest that nanolactoferrin is a promising platform for the development of novel MTZ formulations with improved antitrichomonal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Błażej Poźniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Azadeh Abrishami
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol BranchBabol, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Moradpour
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol BranchBabol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Shahavi
- Faculty of Engineering Modern Technologies, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies (AUSMT), Amol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol BranchBabol, Iran. .,Department of Comprehensive Health Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Babol BranchBabol, Iran.
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17
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Sadati NY, Youssefi MR, Hosseinifard SM, Tabari MA, Giorgi M. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single and multiple-dose levamisole in belugas (Huso huso): Main focus on immunity responses. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2021; 114:152-160. [PMID: 33915293 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of levamisole were determined in the belugas after single intravascular (IV), and single and multiple-dose oral by feed administrations. Also, the effect of levamisole (LVM) on the stress and immune responses of belugas were assessed. One hundred-fourteen healthy belugas in 4 different groups received single LVM administration at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg via IV and oral routes. A separate group of 24 belugas were administered oral LVM at the dose of 100 mg/kg for 5 days. Blood samples were collected at different time points after administrations to measure plasma concentrations of LVM by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay. For immunological evaluations, a total of 126 belugas received 50 and 100 mg/kg LVM via medicated feed for 5 days or served as the control without any medication; blood samples were recovered on day 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 to measure hemolytic activity of the complement system (HAC50), serum lysozyme activity, serum antibacterial activity, glucose, cortisol, total protein, albumin and C3 contents. In the single-dose administration, quantified LVM concentrations were dose-dependent and the oral bioavailability was in the range of 43.2-49.6%. In the multiple-dose administration, the peak plasma concentration at the steady state was 45.2 mg/ml, and accumulation ratio was calculated as 3.6. In the immunological study, LVM especially at the dose of 100 mg/kg increased HAC50, lysozyme and antibacterial activity in the sera of treated fish. No significant effect of LVM on glucose and albumin content was observed, but cortisol levels decreased and C3 content was increased, more significantly by LVM at the dose of 100 mg/kg. Our results indicate that LVM is well absorbed after oral administration and reached to concentrations that can affect stress indicators and improve immune responses in belugas.
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Affiliation(s)
- NadAli Yousefi Sadati
- Department of Aquaculture and Animal Sciences, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mehdi Hosseinifard
- Department of Aquaculture and Animal Sciences, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.
| | | | - Mario Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
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18
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Tabari MA, Poźniak B, Youssefi MR, Roudaki Sarvandani MR, Giorgi M. Comparative pharmacokinetics of metronidazole in healthy and Trichomonas gallinae infected pigeons ( Columba livia, var. domestica). Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:485-491. [PMID: 33491469 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1881043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole after intravenous (i.v.) and oral administration to healthy and experimentally Trichomonas gallinae-infected pigeons, and determined the in vitro antiprotozoal activity of metronidazole against T. gallinae.2. Twelve pigeons which were experimentally infected to T. gallinae and twelve healthy pigeons received metronidazole at the dose of 25 mg/kg by oral or i.v. administration. Serial blood sampling was used for pharmacokinetic analysis. The metronidazole minimum lethal concentration (MLC) and the concentration killing 50% of the trophozoites (LC50) in the culture media were determined.3. In vitro data showed that the 24 h LC50 and MLC of metronidazole were 0.31 and 25 µg/ml, respectively. In vivo results showed no statistical differences between pharmacokinetics in infected and non-infected pigeons for both routes of administration. The area under the curve was statistically higher after the i.v. administration in both infected and healthy pigeons. The mean oral bioavailability was similar in the infected (83.8%) and the healthy (81.5%) birds.4. In conclusion, the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole in pigeons was not affected by experimentally-induced trichomoniasis. Despite in vitro susceptibility testing, which showed probable resistance of the isolated T. gallinae to metronidazole, five-day oral treatment of infected pigeons with 25 mg/kg metronidazole twice a day resulted in total eradication of trophozoites recovered in crop lavage of infected birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Tabari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - B Poźniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - M R Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | | | - M Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Veterinary Medicine PhD School, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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19
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Tabari MA, Youssefi MR, Hosseinifard SM, Moghaddamnia AA, Kazemi S, Sadati NY, Jalali Mothahari A, Giorgi M. Pharmacokinetics of levamisole after intramuscular and oral administrations to Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020; 43:276-281. [PMID: 32201965 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic parameters of levamisole were determined in the Caspian salmon after intramuscular (IM), oral by gavage, and oral by feed administrations. Eighty-one healthy fish in three different groups received levamisole at the dose of 25 mg/fish by each route. Blood samples were collected at time points of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 14, and 24 hr after administrations. Plasma levamisole concentrations were measured by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay and were analyzed using a noncompartmental approach. The mean terminal half-life was 4.56, 3.95, and 2.91 hr for IM, gavage and feed routes, respectively. The peak plasma concentration for IM, gavage, and feed routes of levamisole were 35.53, 4.63, and 8.36 µg/ml, respectively, at the time of 0.25 for IM, and 1 hr for gavage and feed. The relative bioavailability for gavage and feed routes was 54.80 and 69.30. The similar bioavailability for gavage and feed might be indicative of similar efficacy for these routes of administrations. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the absolute oral bioavailability and the effective dose in Caspian salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh A Tabari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Ali Akbar Moghaddamnia
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - NadAli Yousefi Sadati
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Mario Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
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20
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Tabari MA, Rostami A, Khodashenas A, Maggi F, Petrelli R, Giordani C, Tapondjou LA, Papa F, Zuo Y, Cianfaglione K, Youssefi MR. Acaricidal activity, mode of action, and persistent efficacy of selected essential oils on the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae). Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 138:111207. [PMID: 32074492 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the essential oils (EOs) from Litchi chinensis, Clausena anisata, Heracleum sphondylium, Pimpinella anisum, Lippia alba, Crithmum maritimum and Syzygium aromaticum were tested for their contact toxicity against the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, a deleterious ectoparasite of aviary systems. In addition, in order to give insights on their mode of action and effectiveness, the vapor phase and residual toxicity tests were also performed. Results showed that amongst all the tested EOs, that of S. aromaticum demonstrated the highest contact toxicity, with a LC50 value of 8.9 μg/mL, followed by C. maritimum and L. chinensis EOs, with LC50 values of 23.7 and 24.7 μg/mL, respectively. L. chinensis and C. anisata EOs showed higher vapor toxicity than the other EOs. L. chinensis and S. aromaticum EOs showed promising toxic effects up to 4 days post-application. Taken together, these results highlighted L. chinensis and S. aromaticum as two promising sources of biopesticides, able to cause severe contact, vapor and residual toxicity in the poultry red mites. Given the wide plant cultivation and uses in foodstuffs, cosmetics, flavour and fragrances, these EOs may be considered cheap and ready-to-use products as valid, eco-friendly alternatives to pesticides currently used in the aviary systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arash Rostami
- Young Research Club and Elite, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Aref Khodashenas
- Young Research Club and Elite, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
| | | | - Cristiano Giordani
- Instituto de Física, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Productos Naturales Marinos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Colombia
| | - Léon Azefack Tapondjou
- Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Fabrizio Papa
- School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Yanting Zuo
- School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Kevin Cianfaglione
- EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, UFR Sciences & Techniques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France; School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, ì Camerino, Italy
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.
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21
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Youssefi MR, Tabari MA, Esfandiari A, Kazemi S, Moghadamnia AA, Sut S, Dall'Acqua S, Benelli G, Maggi F. Efficacy of Two Monoterpenoids, Carvacrol and Thymol, and Their Combinations against Eggs and Larvae of the West Nile Vector Culex pipiens. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101867. [PMID: 31096594 PMCID: PMC6572342 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insect vector control is facing the challenges of resistance development and environmental hazards caused by synthetic pesticides. This has led to a considerable market opportunity for botanical insecticides. In this scenario, our study investigated the potential of selected bioactive monoterpenoids, carvacrol and thymol, as safe and effective tools to control the West Nile vector Culex pipiens. Furthermore, the combined effect of thymol-carvacrol mixtures and their possible interactions were assessed. Methods: For determining larvicidal and ovicidal 50% lethal concentration (LC50), each monoterpenoid was tested at different concentrations (5–500 mg/L). Then, the fixed ratio method was used for evaluating their combinational efficacy. Results: Carvacrol was more toxic against larvae of Cx. pipiens, with a LC50 value of 14 mg/L, whereas thymol exhibited a LC50 value of 49 mg/L. Comparable trends of efficacy were observed when toxicity on Cx. pipiens eggs was investigated, with LC50 values of 7 and 13 mg/L for carvacrol and thymol, respectively. In combinational toxicity assays, the mixture thymol-carvacrol at 1:4 ratio achieved a synergistic effect against larvae of Cx. pipiens, whereas an additive effect was observed on eggs. Other ratios showed antagonistic effects. Conclusions: Overall, our findings pointed out that the 1:4 ratio of thymol-carvacrol blend can enhance the insecticidal efficacy on Cx. pipiens young instars and can be considered further as active ingredient for developing botanical insecticides to be used in mosquito control operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol-Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol 484, Iran.
| | | | - Aryan Esfandiari
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol 484, Iran.
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47745, Iran.
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47745, Iran.
| | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
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Benelli G, Maggi F, Pavela R, Murugan K, Govindarajan M, Vaseeharan B, Petrelli R, Cappellacci L, Kumar S, Hofer A, Youssefi MR, Alarfaj AA, Hwang JS, Higuchi A. Mosquito control with green nanopesticides: towards the One Health approach? A review of non-target effects. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:10184-10206. [PMID: 28755145 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The rapid spread of highly aggressive arboviruses, parasites, and bacteria along with the development of resistance in the pathogens and parasites, as well as in their arthropod vectors, represents a huge challenge in modern parasitology and tropical medicine. Eco-friendly vector control programs are crucial to fight, besides malaria, the spread of dengue, West Nile, chikungunya, and Zika virus, as well as other arboviruses such as St. Louis encephalitis and Japanese encephalitis. However, research efforts on the control of mosquito vectors are experiencing a serious lack of eco-friendly and highly effective pesticides, as well as the limited success of most biocontrol tools currently applied. Most importantly, a cooperative interface between the two disciplines is still lacking. To face this challenge, we have reviewed a wide number of promising results in the field of green-fabricated pesticides tested against mosquito vectors, outlining several examples of synergy with classic biological control tools. The non-target effects of green-fabricated nanopesticides, including acute toxicity, genotoxicity, and impact on behavioral traits of mosquito predators, have been critically discussed. In the final section, we have identified several key challenges at the interface between "green" nanotechnology and classic biological control, which deserve further research attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Roman Pavela
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 16106, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kadarkarai Murugan
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 115, India
| | - Marimuthu Govindarajan
- Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Nanobiosciences and Nanopharmacology Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630004, India
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Anders Hofer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol-Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Abdullah A Alarfaj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
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23
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Abouhosseini Tabari M, Youssefi MR. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of Pelargonium roseum essential oil activity against Trichomonas gallinae. Avicenna J Phytomed 2018; 8:136-142. [PMID: 29632844 PMCID: PMC5885327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pelargonium roseum Willd. (Geraniaceae) is widely grown as an ornamental plant due to its strong pleasant rose-like odor. The present study evaluates the antitrichomonal effect of P. roseum essential oil (EO) against Trichomonas gallinae both in vitro and in vivo and compares it to that of metronidazole (MTZ) as a standard antitrichomonal drug. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro assays were accomplished in multi-well plates containing MTZ and EO at final concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg/mL. In vivo assay was carried out on 40 experimentally infected pigeons receiving MTZ and EO at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. RESULTS The 24-hr MIC of MTZ was 10 µg/mL, while for EO it was 20 µg/mL. Treatment with MTZ 50 mg/kg after 4 days led to full recovery of infected pigeons however EO 50 mg/kg resulted in the same outcome after 5 days. No mortality or clinical side effects were seen in treated birds. CONCLUSION The present study introduced P. roseum EO as a potent natural antitrichomonal agent effective against T. gallinae. Bioactive components of P. roseum can be used as potential therapeutic compounds in development of novel antitrichomonal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran,Corresponding Author:Tel: +981132415159, Fax: +981132415090,
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Tabari MA, Youssefi MR, Maggi F, Benelli G. Toxic and repellent activity of selected monoterpenoids (thymol, carvacrol and linalool) against the castor bean tick, Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae). Vet Parasitol 2017; 245:86-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Abouhosseini Tabari M, Youssefi MR, Hosseini Farash BR, Ebrahimi MA, Nabavi Mousavi N, Moghaddas E. Anti-Leishmanial Activity of Pelargonium roseum Essential Oil on Growth of Leishmania infantum Promastigotes. mljgoums 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.11.5.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Tabaripour R, Fakhar M, Alizadeh A, Youssefi MR, Tabaripour R, Hosseini Teshnizi S, Sharif M. Prevalence and histopathological characteristics of Linguatula serrata infection among slaughtered ruminants in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-017-2517-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hatami A, Rashno Z, Hamidinejat H, Youssefi MR. Molecular identification of macroscopic cysts of Sarcocystis in sheep in Babol, in the north of Iran. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:405-411. [PMID: 33593021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sarcocystis is one of the most prevalent parasite in domestic animals in the world. In this study, we examined 50 macroscopic cysts in sheep muscles from Babol, in the north of Iran. Genomic DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to amplify a 609bp length based on 18S rRNA gene. The results of restriction of AvaI, Hind II, TaqI and EcoRI enzymes demonstrated that all the samples were Sarcocystis gigantea. The results of this study supports the importance of molecular techniques for characterization of Sarcocystis species when valid preventive programs for identification and source of infection and progression of immunological diagnosis strategies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hatami
- Department of Parasitology, Division of Pathobiology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Z Rashno
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-14115, Kerman, Iran
| | - H Hamidinejat
- Department of Parasitology, Division of Pathobiology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - M R Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol
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Tabari MA, Youssefi MR, Benelli G. Eco-friendly control of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (Dermanyssidae), using the α-thujone-rich essential oil of Artemisia sieberi (Asteraceae): toxic and repellent potential. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:1545-1551. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Gholami Z, Youssefi MR, Marhaba Z, Alizadeh A, Rahimi MT. Aphanius sophiae (Actinoptrygii, Cyprinodontidae), a new host for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora) reported from Iran. J Parasit Dis 2016; 40:1030-2. [PMID: 27605832 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphanius sophiae (Heckel, 1849) or soffia tooth-carp is endemic species to the endorheic Kor River basin, Fars Province, Southwest of Iran. In spite of importance of this species as a biologic control of anopheles larvae, little attention has been paid to its diseases particularly parasitic infections. A total of 24 A. Sophiae (12 males and 12 females) in Safashahr spring, Kor River basin, were collected by using dip net in February 2012. Surface of all fish were gross examined and screened for any swelling and blisters. All of the examined specimens (100 %) were infected with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Infected fish typically developed small blister-like raised lesions on the body surface. The current study presents infection of A. sophiae with I. multifiliis for the first time from Iran. Hence, owing to considerable unexplored area of Iran further studies are required to increase our knowledge about parasitic infections of this fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Gholami
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology & GeoBio-Center LMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Richard-Wagner-Strasse10, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Zahra Marhaba
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abbas Alizadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Rahimi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Masoumi F, Youssefi MR, Tabari MA. Combination of carvacrol and thymol against the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae). Parasitol Res 2016; 115:4239-4243. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Youssefi MR, Roushan RH, Hosseinifard SM. Parasitic fauna of Gobiidae in Mazandaran coastal zones, north of Iran 2011. J Parasit Dis 2016; 40:273-6. [PMID: 27413292 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gobiidae is considered as one of the diverse families of fishes in Caspian Sea. Due to abundant species and no harvest, this family plays an important role in ecology and feed chain of fishes in Caspian Sea. Present study was performed to determine parasitic fauna of Gobiidae in southern parts of Caspian Sea (coasts of Nowshahr, Sorkhrood, Jouybar, Sari and Amirabad). Primarily, length and weight of each fish was measured. Then, fish's various organs were examined by routine parasitology methods. From 150 fishes which were caught from six studied coastal zones, 51 (34 %) were infected. Majority of caught fishes was belonged to sand goby (Neogobius fluviatilis pallasi) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) was the least. Highest rate of infection was seen in N. fluviatilis pallasi while, this percentage in round goby (N. melanostomus) was low (8.57 %) and in Caspian bighead goby (Neogobius kessleri gorlap) no parasitic infection was observed. Most of infected fishes were from Jouybar coastal zone while Nowshahr coastal zone had the lowest infection rate. In present study parasites such as Dactylogyrus, Rhobdochona fortuneti and Bothrocephalus gowkogensis were diagnosed in Caspian gobies. Regarding importance of gobies in chain feed of other fishes and their indirect economic importance, need of diagnosing of gobies parasitic fauna seems to be essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Reza Habibnejad Roushan
- Young Researchers Club, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
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Barimani A, Youssefi MR, Tabari MA. Traps containing carvacrol, a biological approach for the control of Dermanyssus gallinae. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3493-8. [PMID: 27156342 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to conventional synthetic pesticides has been widely reported in Dermanyssus gallinae in different aviary systems. Cardboard traps containing acaricides had been introduced as a successive device for collection and control of the poultry red mite. The present study assessed field efficacy of traps containing carvacrol in the control and reduction of D. gallinae in laying poultry farm. Two different carvacrol-based formulations were tested for their toxicity and possible repellent activity on D. gallinae to determine the most appropriate formulation and concentration to be used in the field study. In vitro tests confirmed that 1 % carvacrol formulation with ethoxylated castor oil as emulsifier was significantly toxic to D. gallinae without any dissuading effect in comparison to ethanol and higher concentrations of carvacrol (p < 0.05). A subsequent in vivo experiment in a cage system laying farm demonstrated significant acaricidal activity for traps containing 1 % carvacrol. Throughout the study, untreated cardboard traps were used for monitoring mite populations. Carvacrol-impregnated traps were efficacious in the control of D. gallinae and led to over 92 % reduction in mite's population after 2 week of application. Toxic effects of carvacrol maintained through 2 weeks after the last application of traps. Results of the present study suggested that effective control of the poultry red mite can be achieved by traps containing carvacrol. These traps can be used safely in poultry facilities without any concern about residues in eggs, meat, and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Barimani
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol-Branch, Babol, Iran.,Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol-Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol-Branch, Babol, Iran.
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Tabari MA, Youssefi MR, Barimani A, Araghi A. Carvacrol as a potent natural acaricide against Dermanyssus gallinae. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:3801-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Youssefi MR, Rahimi MT. Extreme human annoyance caused by Ctenocephalides felis felis (cat flea). Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:334-6. [PMID: 25182561 DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014c795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors report a case of human dermal complications by Ctenocephalides felis felis (cat flea) in a 28 years old woman who dwell in rural area in Mazandaran province, Iran. Furthermore, in the current report clinical manifestations, etiology and different aspects of infestation were discussed elaborately. And the importance of controlling fleas was highlighted as well.
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Youssefi MR, Hosseini SH, Tabarestani AHA, Ardeshir HA, Jafarzade F, Rahimi MT. Gastrointestinal helminthes of green-winged teal (Anas crecca) from North Iran. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:S143-7. [PMID: 25183069 DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014c1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the helminth parasites of Anas crecca (A. crecca) in one of proper refuges of Iran, Fereydunkenar. METHODS A total number of one hundred thirty-six gastrointestinal tracts of green-winged teal (A. crecca) were collected from Fereydunkenar, Mazandaran province during September and October 2011. The gastrointestinal tracts were examined for helminth infection. RESULTS The total infection rate was 70.50% (96) that 68.96% (40) of males and 71.79% (56) of females shown helminthes infection. The examined A. crecca harbored one species of Nematoda, Cestoda and two species of Digenea which were as following: Contracaecum larvae (from stomach wall), Diorchis stefanskii (D. stefanskii) (from small intestine), Hypoderaeum conoideum (from small intestine) and Notocotylus attenuatus (N. attenuatus) (from caecum), respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of infection between examined males and females ducks in Hypoderaeum conoideum, D. stefanskii and N. attenuatus (P>0.05) whereas a significant relationship was observed between males and females in Contracaecum larvae (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of the present study, we conclude that A. crecca plays a prominent role in transmission of mentioned parasites. In addition, this is the first report of Contracaecum larvae, D. stefanskii and N. attenuatus from A. crecca in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Farshid Jafarzade
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabonb Branch, Iran
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Youssefi MR, Tabaripour R, Gerami A, Omrani VF. Electrophoretic pattern of Linguatula serrata larva isolated goat mesenteric lymph node. J Parasit Dis 2014; 40:292-4. [PMID: 27413296 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Linguatula serrata, one of the parasitic zoonoses, inhabits the canid and felid respiratory system. The parasite is tongue-shaped, lightly convex dorsally and flattened ventrally. Males measure 1.8-2 cm, while females measure 8-13 cm in length. Disease due to infection with this parasite in humans is more likely to cause pharyngitis, nausea and vomiting, sore and itchy throat, cough, phlegm and runny nose. Present study aimed to determine linguatula's larva somatic antigens in lymph nodes of infected goats and also reveal the major component of antigenic protein. To determine the electrophoretic pattern of L. serrata's larvae, 50 samples were taken from goat's referred to the slaughter house of Amol, Mazandaran, Iran. After performing SDS-PAGE on somatic antigens, 6 bands (19, 20, 36, 48, 75,100 KDa) were seen in which the 36, 48 and 75 KDa bands were more prominent. In conclusion, it is recommended to determine the most important antigenic protein of this parasite could be used an experimental model in infection up to determine the most significant component of this parasite's antigen and use of that in immunogenicity and detection of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol-Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - Rabeeh Tabaripour
- Young Research Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol-Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Abbas Gerami
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Teharn, Iran
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Mahdavi SA, Raeesi A, Faraji L, Youssefi MR, Rahimi MT. Malaria or flu? A case report of misdiagnosis. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:S56-8. [PMID: 25183146 PMCID: PMC4025336 DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014c932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We present and discuss elaborately a case of malaria misdiagnosis in a 27-year-old woman in Chalus, Mazandaran Province, North Iran in 2013. The patient has been complaining of fever, shivering and myalgia for three months. Although she visited two physicians during this time, the problem still remained owing to misdiagnose. Eventually in hospital after a precise examination on her thick and thin blood film, the causative agent of disease was diagnosed as plasmodium vivax. The patient received treatment accordingly and all clinical manifestations were vanished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seif Ali Mahdavi
- Department of Paramedics, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Raeesi
- Malaria Control Organization of Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Faraji
- Malaria Control Organization of Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Rahimi
- Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
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Youssefi MR, Mousapour A, Nikzad R, Gonzalez-Solis D, Halajian A, Rahimi MT. Gastrointestinal helminths of the Caspian turtle, Mauremys caspica (Testudines), from Northern Iran. J Parasit Dis 2014; 40:65-8. [PMID: 27065600 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Caspian turtle (Mauremys caspica) is a semi-aquatic and adaptable reptile. To date, there are no reports on the parasites of this turtle in Iran. Hence, the current survey was designed to prepare a list of the gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the Caspian turtle in North Iran. A total of 34 road-killed individuals (14 males and 20 females) were collected between July 2011 and October 2012 from the Mazandaran province, Iran. All parts of gastrointestinal were parasitologically scrutinized and collected specimens were fixed and preserved in 70 % ethanol. Half of the examined Caspian turtles (17) were infected with at least one parasitic helminth. The list of helminths includes three nematodes: Serpinema microcephalum (Camallanidae), Falcaustra armenica (Kathlaniidae), Oxyuridae sp., and one digenean: Telorchis sp. (Telorchiidae). This is the first report of the gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the Caspian turtle in Iran and all helminth species are reported for the first time in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, 65577 Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Mousapour
- Young Researcher Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Reza Nikzad
- Young Researcher Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - David Gonzalez-Solis
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario Km. 5.5, 77014 Chetumal, Quintana Roo Mexico
| | - Ali Halajian
- Department of Biodiversity (Zoology), University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, Private Bag X1106, Polokwane, 0727 South Africa
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Golami S, Rahimi-Esboei B, Mousavi P, Marhaba Z, Youssefi MR, Rahimi MT. Survey on efficacy of chloroformic extract of Artemisia annua against Giardia lamblia trophozoite and cyst in vitro. J Parasit Dis 2014; 40:88-92. [PMID: 27065604 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Giardiasis is a parasitic cosmopolitan disease that the rate of infection in developing countries is considerable. This infection directly is associated with poor hygienic conditions, poor water quality control, and overcrowding. Reinfection and drug resistance are two major problems in endemic areas. Recently, researchers are concentrating on herbal drugs as a proper solution. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to survey on efficacy of chloroformic extract of Artemisia annua against Giardia lamblia trophozoite and cyst in vitro. G. lamblia cysts were prepared from faces of giardiasis patients from different hospitals of Mazandaran Medical University. Four concentrations (1, 10, 50 and 100 mg/ml) of chloroformic extract of A. annua were utilized for 1, 5, 30, 60 and 180 min. Viability of G. lamblia cysts was confirmed by 0.1 % Eosin staining. Cyst and trophozoite contact (intermix) of G. lamblia with extract of A. annua with variant concentrations (1, 10, 50 and 100 mg/ml) after 1 and 180 min caused following cyst and trophozoite elimination rates: (67, 69, 71 and 73 %), (65, 67, 67 and 72 %), (94, 96, 97 and 99 %) and (100, 100, 100 and 100 %), respectively. Authors from the current investigation draw a conclusion that chloroformic extract of A. annua has the ability to eliminate G. lamblia cysts and trophozoites in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirzad Golami
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Bahman Rahimi-Esboei
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Mousavi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Marhaba
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Departments of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Rahimi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Hoseini SM, Youssefi MR, Mortazavi P, Nikzad R, Mousapour A. Pathological study of lesion caused by Serpinema microcephalus (Nematoda: Camallanidae) in Mauremys caspica caspica from north of Iran. J Parasit Dis 2014; 39:685-8. [PMID: 26688634 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Serpinema microcephalus is nematoda from family Camallanidae, which have a lot of pathogenesis species that harbored via many animals like fishes, reptiles and amphibians. Epidemiological study in different regions and histopathological examination of intestinal parasitic infections caused by S. microcephalus are prerequisite to develop appropriate control strategies. This study aimed to describe the lesions caused by S. microcephalus from Caspian turtles of north of Iran. Thirty-four adult turtles were collected from road accidents in Behshahr, northeastern city of Mazandaran province. The turtles were examined in the laboratory and parasite samples were collected from the small intestine. After clarification by lactophenol and staining, the parasites were identified as S. microcephalus (Nematoda: Camallanidae). For histopathological examination, tissue samples were fixed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Microscopic diagnoses in small intestine included hyperaemia, eosinophilic enteritis, mucosal glands hyperplasia, mucosal ulceration, intestinal exudation and fibroma in some cases. In pancreas tissue the lesions consisted of mild inflammation, fibrosis and edema. Considering the occurrence of intestinal parasitic infections (29.41 %) among Caspian turtles in this study, identification and control of the disease of the turtles are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Hoseini
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Pejman Mortazavi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Science, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Nikzad
- Young Researchers Club, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Mousapour
- Young Researchers Club, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
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Youssefi MR, Hoseini SH, Mobedi I, Hosseini SM, Ekrami B. Spiculopteragia asymmetrica infection in Cervus elaphus from Iran. Vet Res Forum 2014; 5:77-9. [PMID: 25568698 PMCID: PMC4279657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Spiculopteragia asymmetrica is a gastrointestinal nematode frequently found in the abomasum of cervids. During December and February 2010, two red deer were died in Semeskandeh sanctuary in Mazandaran province. Moreover, five live deer from mentioned area were treated by Ivermectin and collected feces of these animals were used for assessment helminthes infection by parasitological methods. Several nematodes were recovered in abomasums and in fecal samples of treated animals. Number of worms recovered from abomasums of two dead animals were 275 (90 male and 185 female) from the first one and 327 (102 male and 225 female) from the second. Based on morphological characteristics nematodes were diagnosed as S . asymmetrica. This is the first report of existence of S . asymmetrica from cervids in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Youssefi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran;
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseini
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; ,Correspondence: Seyed Hossein Hosseini. DVM, PhD, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Iraj Mobedi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Public health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Seyed Mohammad Hosseini
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran;
| | - Behrang Ekrami
- Department of Animal sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Chaloos Branch, Chaloos, Iran.
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Youssefi MR, Ebrahimpour S, Rezaei M, Ahmadpour E, Rakhshanpour A, Rahimi MT. Dermatitis caused by Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea) in human. Caspian J Intern Med 2014; 5:248-50. [PMID: 25489439 PMCID: PMC4247491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human infestation to ectoparasites such as ticks, lice, cimex, fleas, mites and others agents may result in intensive allergic reaction with symptoms of itching, skin infection and severe irritation. In this case report, we present a case of dermatitis caused by cat flea. CASE PRESENTATION A three-member family referred to dermatology clinic in Babol due to dermal complications. They complained of irritation and the unrest caused by intense itching. Samples of tiny live insects were detected from their clothing which was recognized as C. felis (cat flea). CONCLUSION This report highlights the importance of ectoparasites causing dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol ,Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rezaei
- Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Arash Rakhshanpour
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ebrahimpour S, Tabari MA, Youssefi MR, Aghajanzadeh H, Behzadi MY. Synergistic effect of aged garlic extract and naltrexone on improving immune responses to experimentally induced fibrosarcoma tumor in BALB/c mice. Pharmacognosy Res 2013; 5:189-94. [PMID: 23901215 PMCID: PMC3719261 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.112426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Garlic, a medicinal plant, and Naltrexone (NTX), an opioid receptor antagonist, both have immunomodulatory and antitumor effects. Current study was designed to evaluate synergistic antitumor effects of aged garlic extract (AGE) and NTX. Materials and Methods: WEHI-164 fibrosarcoma cells were implanted subcutaneously on day 0 into right flank of 80 BALB/c mice at age of 8 weeks. Mice were randomly categorized in four separate groups: The first group received AGE (100 mg/kg, i.p.), the second group received NTX (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.), the third group received both of them, and the fourth group received phosphate buffered saline as control group. Treatments were administered three times per week. Tumor growth was measured and morbidity was recorded. Subpopulations of CD4+/CD8+ T cells were determined using flowcytometery. WEHI-164 cell specific cytotoxicity of splenocytes and in vitro production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines were measured. All statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS 16 software and P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The mice who received AGE+NTX had significantly longer survival time compared with the mice treated with AGE or NTX alone. An enhanced inhibitory effect on tumor growth was seen in combination therapy group. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio and in vitro IFN-γ production of splenocytes were significantly increased in AGE+NTX and NTX groups. WEHI-164 specific cytotoxicity of splenocytes was also significantly increased at 25:1 E:T ratio in AGE+NTX treated mice. Coadministration of AGE with NTX resulted in improvement of immune responses against experimentally implanted fibrosarcoma tumors in BALB/c mice. Conclusions: AGE showed synergistic effects with NTX on inhibition of tumor growth and increment of survival times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infection Disease and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Halimi M, Colagar AH, Youssefi MR. Immune response in spirlins (Alburnoides bipunctatus, Bloch 1782) infested by Ligula intestinalis parasite. Vet Ital 2013; 49:243-246. [PMID: 24058932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ligula intestinalis parasite is a cestode that can cause remarkable damages to fishes. SDS-PAGE is one of the methods that can be used to determine the immune serum band polymorphism and immune responses in fishes infested by Ligula intestinalis. This study reports the results of an investigation conducted using SDS-PAGE focusing on immune serum band polymorphism and on the reaction of the immune system in spirlins (Alburnoides bipunctatus) infested by pleurocercoids of Ligula intestinalis parasite. Serum samples from infested spirlins revealed a polymorphism band which differed from that reported in sera of roaches (Rutilus rutilus), a species of the same Cyprinidae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Halimi
- Department of Fishery College, Islamic Azad University, Babol-Branch, Babol, 47167-17861, Iran.
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Youssefi MR, Rahimi MT, Marhaba Z. Occurrence of Nasal Nosocomial Myiasis by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) In North of Iran. Iran J Parasitol 2012; 7:104-8. [PMID: 23133480 PMCID: PMC3488829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of human nasal nosocomial myiasis in a 69-year-old rural man with numerous live maggots in nostrils. The patient was admitted in Emergency Ward due to dyspnea. After 72 hours the companion of patient discovered larva. The presence of the third instar larva indicated that the infestation was not more than three days. The collected instars were cleared, fixed and morphological studies then were carried out precisely and the larva was identified as Lucilia sericata.
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Affiliation(s)
- MR Youssefi
- Dept. of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Iran
| | - MT Rahimi
- Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Iran,Corresponding author:Tel: 0111-3223439 E-mail:
| | - Z Marhaba
- Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Iran
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Hosseini SH, Youssefi MR, Mobedi I, Hosseini SM, Zaheri BA. First report of Taenia acinonyxi (Ortlopp, 1938) in Acinonyx jubatus venaticus from Iran. Iran J Parasitol 2011; 6:105-8. [PMID: 22347321 PMCID: PMC3279908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Asian cheetah is known as Iranian panther. A four years old female cheetah was killed in a road accident by a truck in Abbas Abad (Biarjamand) County around Shahrood City in Semnan Province, central part of Iran. Two days after the accident the carcass of animal was autopsied and only five cestodes were obtained from its intestine. In inspection of other organs no other helminth was observed. Cestod samples were fixed and stained by carmine acid. Characterization of the cestodes using morphological standard key, identified the cestodes as Taenia acinonyxi.
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Affiliation(s)
- SH Hosseini
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Fax: +98-21-66924469, E-mail:
| | - MR Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol–Branch, Iran
| | - I Mobedi
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Iran,Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - SM Hosseini
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol–Branch, Iran
| | - BA Zaheri
- Centre of Environment Biology of Semnan Province, Semnan, Iran
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Ziapour SP, Esfandiari B, Youssefi MR. Study of the Prevalence of Babesiosis in Domesticated Animals with Suspected Signs in Mazandaran Province, North of Iran, During 2008. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2011.712.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Youssefi MR, Sefidgar SAA, Tabari MA. First Report of Intestinal Myiasis Due To Eristalis tenax in Iran. Iran J Parasitol 2010; 5:77-9. [PMID: 22347248 PMCID: PMC3279835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Eristalis tenax, belonging to order Diptera, family Syrphidae seldomly causes intestinal myiasis. Intestinal myiasis caused by E. tenax larvae is a rare manifestation found in both humans and other vertebrate animals. We report a 22-year-old woman presented with this myiasis. The larva in her stool sample was identified as E. tenax related to its typical morphology and authentic clues. Lack of specific control measures in the domestic water supply system was the most probable cause of this infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- MR Youssefi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University, Babol - Branch, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: 0111-3299927, Fax: 0111-3290493, E- mail:
| | - SAA Sefidgar
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Babol, Iran
| | - M Abouhosseini Tabari
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran
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Youssefi MR, Hoseini SH, Hoseini SM, Zaheri BA, Tabari MA. First report of Ancylostoma tubaeforme in Persian Leopard (Panthera pardus saxicolor). Iran J Parasitol 2010; 5:61-3. [PMID: 22347237 PMCID: PMC3279821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ancylostoma tubaeforme was originally described as a separate species parasitizing the cat. The adults of A. tubaeforme are 7 to 12 mm long. A. tubaeforme can be differentiated from the adults of A. braziliense and A. ceylanicum by the presence of three teeth. Here we describe the first report of A. tubaeforme in a Persian young female leopard, 2-3 years old, with head and trunk length 120 centimeters, length of tail 98 centimeters and body weight 35 kilograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- MR Youssefi
- Dept. of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University Babol–Branch, Iran,Corresponding Author: E-mail:
| | - SH Hoseini
- Dept. of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - SM Hoseini
- Dept. of Veterinary Parasitology, Islamic Azad University Babol–Branch, Iran
| | - BA Zaheri
- Centre of Environment Biology, Semnan, Iran
| | - M Abouhosseini Tabari
- Dept. of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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