1
|
Abstract
Purpose Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface. It showed an increased incidence during the pandemic situation, which may be due to long hours of exposure to electronic gadgets. We aimed to find the prevalence of dry eye disease among medical students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care teaching institute. This was an institution-based, cross-sectional study conducted among medical students. A modified Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was used to find the severity and prevalence of dry eye disease. Considering 95% confidence interval (CI) and prevalence as 50%, the calculated sample size was 271. Online responses were collected and entered in an Excel sheet. The Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results Data were collected from 271 medical students; the prevalence of dry eye disease was 41.5 and 55.19 during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, respectively. There was a significant rise in dry eye disease cases during the pandemic when compared to pre-pandemic period (P < 0.05). The odds of getting dry eye disease were 1.7 times more during the pandemic than pre-pandemic. Conclusion The lockdown situation during the pandemic forced people to use electronic gadgets for work, recreation, and academics. Prolonged screen time predisposes to the development of dry eye disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nandini H Lulla
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital And Research Centre, Pondicherry, India
| | - M Loganathan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital And Research Centre, Pondicherry, India
| | - V G Madhu Balan
- Department of Community Medicine, Vinayaka Mission's KirupanandaVariyar Medical College Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Swathi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital And Research Centre, Pondicherry, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stephen M, Loganathan M, Swathi S, Priyavadhana B. Atypical corneal clouding in mucopolysaccharidoses. Oman J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:154-156. [PMID: 37007268 PMCID: PMC10062066 DOI: 10.4103/ojo.ojo_14_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology for corneal clouding from the birth is varied and includes conditions such as sclerocornea, birth trauma, corneal ulcer, Peters anomaly, and rare causes like mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS). The lysosomal storage disorders are associated with a varied ocular manifestation including bilateral corneal clouding which is often mild and stippled except in few cases like Hunter syndrome where cornea is often clear. We report a case of MPS Type I S (MPS 1) with near-normal visual acuity and bilateral dense corneal clouding with sparing of central 3 mm of cornea. The patient also had typical facial and skeletal abnormalities of lysosomal storage disorder. To our best knowledge, MPS 1 with marked corneal clouding with sparing of central cornea is very rare and has not been reported. This case report emphasizes on the atypical ocular presentation of MPS and the need for ophthalmological screening in the storage disorders.
Collapse
|
3
|
Loganathan M, Raj AS, Murugesan A, Kumar PS. Effective adsorption of crystal violet onto aromatic polyimides: Kinetics and isotherm studies. Chemosphere 2022; 304:135332. [PMID: 35709844 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The motive of this work is to synthesis aromatic polyimides by a two-step poly condensation process and the prepared aromatic polyamides (APIs) is been used as an effective functionalized adsorbent for the removal of carcinogenic crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. The adsorption efficiency of the APIs was enhanced by incorporation different functional moieties (varying aromatic dianhydrides with -O-, -(CF3)2-, -(CH3)2-) in the polymer structure. The initial and final concentration of CV was measured using UV-Vis spectrometer. The adsorption process was optimized by varying the parameters such as the effect of solution pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent dosage. Kinetics and isotherms of the adsorption system were appraised using data obtained from effect of contact time and initial dye concentration with corresponding empirical modelling techniques respectively. The evaluated results of the adsorption kinetic studies confirmed that the adsorption of API onto CV is followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption behaviour and their interactions between APIs and CV are well established. The experimental results of this research output could be confirmed that APIs is a very effective adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye from aqueous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Loganathan
- Polymer Science and Engineering Lab, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam-603110, India
| | - Arya S Raj
- Polymer Science and Engineering Lab, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam-603110, India
| | - A Murugesan
- Polymer Science and Engineering Lab, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam-603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam-603110, India.
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam-603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam-603110, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rajkumar S, Loganathan M, Venkatesh R. Optimization of NaCl based spray corrosion test process parameters of heat treated hybrid metal matrix composites. B CHEM SOC ETHIOPIA 2022. [DOI: 10.4314/bcse.v36i4.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT. Aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites (AHMMCs) have widely employed in aerospace, transportation, and automotive applications since for their excellent mechanical qualities and high corrosion resistance. In this research, Al8079 is selected as a matrix material. The titanium diboride (TiB2) is selected as hard reinforcement and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is used as soft reinforcement. The Al8079/15 wt.% TiB2/x wt.% MoS2 (x = 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5) HMMCs are fabricated by using stir casting. The composites are heat treated under T6 condition. The density and micro hardness tests are conducted. The optimization on NaCl based spray corrosion test process parameters is done using grey relational analysis (GRA). The selected input process parameters are Al8079/15 wt.% TiB2/wt.% MoS2 (x = 0, 2.5 and 5), pH value of NaCl solution (x = 6, 9 and 12), hang time (x = 24, 48, and 72 h) and pressure (x = 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1 kg/cm2). The selected response parameters are micro hardness, mass loss and wear loss. The L9 Taguchi design is used for optimization. The wear test is conducted at the constant speed of 0.5 m/s, loading rate of 20 N and the sliding distance of 1000 m. The percentage of improvement of GRG from initial setting to experimental is 10.4%.
KEY WORDS: Reinforcement, Stir casting, Optimization, GRA, NaCl
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(4), 903-914.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i4.15
Collapse
|
5
|
Indumathi C, Manoj D, Loganathan M, Shanmugasundaram S. Impact of radiofrequency disinfestation on
Tribolium castaneum
(Herbst) in wheat flour and its influence on the functional characteristics of wheat flour. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Indumathi
- Planning and Monitoring Cell Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology Thanjavur India
| | - D. Manoj
- Planning and Monitoring Cell Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology Thanjavur India
| | - M. Loganathan
- Department of Academics & Human Resource Development Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology Thanjavur India
| | - S. Shanmugasundaram
- Planning and Monitoring Cell Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology Thanjavur India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thangavelu R, Saraswathi MS, Uma S, Loganathan M, Backiyarani S, Durai P, Raj EE, Marimuthu N, Kannan G, Swennen R. Identification of sources resistant to a virulent Fusarium wilt strain (VCG 0124) infecting Cavendish bananas. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3183. [PMID: 33542401 PMCID: PMC7862490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bananas are vital for food security in many countries, and half of banana production relies solely on ‘Cavendish’ (AAA), which is presently threatened by the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) tropical race 4. This particular virulent Foc strain was also found to attack other banana varieties of commercial importance. As there is no single effective management practice available so far, this study was undertaken to determine resistant sources from the genotype collection available at the ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India for direct use by farmers and/or in breeding programmes to develop resistant hybrids. A total of 258 genotypes of different ploidies and genomic constitutions were tested against Foc race 1 (VCG 0124). In total, 19 genotypes (AA Unique-6, BB type-2, AAA Unique-1, AAA Cavendish-1, AAB Mysore-3, AAB Pome-1, AAB Plantain-4 and AAAB-1) were found to be immune; eight genotypes (AA Unique-1, BB type-3, AAA Cavendish-1, AAB Mysore-1, AAB Unique-1, AAB Plantain-1) were highly resistant; and nine genotypes (AA Unique-1, AAA Cavendish-3, AAB Silk-1, AAB Pome-4) were resistant. The genotypes that are resistant to the virulent Foc race 1 (VCG 0124) strain can be exploited directly for commercialization and/or in breeding programs to develop resistant hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Thangavelu
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India.
| | - M S Saraswathi
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India
| | - S Uma
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India
| | - M Loganathan
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India
| | - S Backiyarani
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India
| | - P Durai
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India
| | - E Edwin Raj
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India
| | - N Marimuthu
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India
| | - G Kannan
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli, 620102, India
| | - R Swennen
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Arusha, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Thangavelu R, Edwin Raj E, Pushpakanth P, Loganathan M, Uma S. Draft Genome of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Strain Tropical Race-4 Infecting Cavendish (AAA) Group of Banana in India. Plant Dis 2021; 105:481-483. [PMID: 32748718 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-20-1170-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, is the most serious pandemic disease of banana. In this study, we report the draft genome of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense vegetative compatibility group (VCG) 01213/16 of strain tropical race 4 (TR4) that infects the Cavendish (AAA) group of banana collected from the subtropical region in India. The genome assembly of SFoc TR4 comprises 47,384,463 bp with 4,034 contigs and 15,508 protein-coding regions. Based on VCG analysis, the fungal isolate belongs to F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 but the genome sequence of SFoc TR4 shows differences in secreted-in-xylem (SIX) protein gene clusters (specifically, SIX8) in comparison with the reference genome of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Thangavelu
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli 620 102, India
| | - E Edwin Raj
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli 620 102, India
| | - P Pushpakanth
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli 620 102, India
| | - M Loganathan
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli 620 102, India
| | - S Uma
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli 620 102, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shinde P, Kar S, Loganathan M, Chang HY, Tseng FG, Nagai M, Santra TS. Infrared Pulse Laser-Activated Highly Efficient Intracellular Delivery Using Titanium Microdish Device. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5645-5652. [PMID: 33320577 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report infrared (IR) pulse laser-activated highly efficient parallel intracellular delivery by using an array of titanium microdish (TMD) device. Upon IR laser pulse irradiation, a two-dimensional array of TMD device generated photothermal cavitation bubbles to disrupt the cell membrane surface and create transient membrane pores to deliver biomolecules into cells by a simple diffusion process. We successfully delivered the dyes and different sizes of dextran in different cell types with variations of laser pulses. Our platform has the ability to transfect more than a million cells in a parallel fashion within a minute. The best results were achieved for SiHa cells with a delivery efficiency of 96% and a cell viability of around 98% for propidium iodide dye using 600 pulses, whereas a delivery efficiency of 98% and a cell viability of 100% were obtained for dextran 3000 MW delivery using 700 pulses. For dextran 10,000 MW, the delivery efficiency was 92% and the cell viability was 98%, respectively. The device is compact, easy-to-use, and potentially applicable for cellular therapy and diagnostic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA U.K
| | - Mohan Loganathan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gnanasundaram N, Loganathan M, Perumal K. SOLID HOLDUP AND CIRCULATION RATE IN A LIQUID-SOLID CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED WITH VISCOUS LIQUID MEDIUM. Braz J Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20150324s00003026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K. Perumal
- Curtin University of Technology, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kasckow J, Zickmund S, Rotondi A, Mrkva A, Gurklis J, Chinman M, Fox L, Loganathan M, Hanusa B, Haas G. Development of telehealth dialogues for monitoring suicidal patients with schizophrenia: consumer feedback. Community Ment Health J 2014; 50:339-42. [PMID: 23306676 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-012-9589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a health concern among individuals with schizophrenia. A telehealth system for monitoring suicidal patients with schizophrenia was developed using the Health Buddy©. The existing dialogues were improved using an expert panel; the new dialogues were tested in 10 consumers with schizophrenia and a history of suicidal behavior. Using qualitative editing, several themes emerged: (1) Certain topics elicited strong emotional responses; (2) There were concerns with confidentiality; (3) Some content was too vague and (4) There were problems with vocabulary and wording. The process yielded information for improving the intervention and demonstrated that the approach is feasible in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kasckow
- Behavioral Health, VA Pittsburgh Health Care System MIRECC, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saha S, Purath AST, Jadhav MR, Loganathan M, Banerjee K, Rai AB. Bioefficacy, residue dynamics and safety assessment of the combination fungicide trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50%-75 WG in managing early blight of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). J Environ Sci Health B 2014; 49:134-141. [PMID: 24328546 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2014.847257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the in vitro and in vivo bioefficacy of a combination fungicide trifloxystrobin (25%) + tebuconazole (50%) against early blight disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) caused by Alternaria solani and their corresponding pre-harvest intervals (PHI) with reference to the maximum residue limits (European Union). Bioefficacy of the test fungicide combination revealed that in vitro conditions manifested the best control (75.1%) at 350 mg kg(-1) against 76.2% control under field conditions. A sample preparation method based on ethyl acetate extraction and estimation by LC-MS multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was validated in tomato fruits at 0.01 mg/kg and dissipation studies were conducted in field at single and double doses. The residues of both the compounds on all the sampling days were below the European Union maximum residue limits (EU-MRLs) and the maximum permissible intakes (MPIs) were calculated on the basis of prescribed acceptable daily intake (ADI). The combined bioefficacy and residue dynamics information will support label-claim of this fungicide combination for the management of early blight in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Saha
- a Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR) , Varanasi , India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Loganathan M, Singh S, Bottle A, Franklin BD, Majeed A. P26 Interventions to improve prescribing quality in care homes: a systematic review. Br J Soc Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2010.120477.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
13
|
Maruthasalam S, Kalpana K, Kumar KK, Loganathan M, Poovannan K, Raja JAJ, Kokiladevi E, Samiyappan R, Sudhakar D, Balasubramanian P. Pyramiding transgenic resistance in elite indica rice cultivars against the sheath blight and bacterial blight. Plant Cell Rep 2007; 26:791-804. [PMID: 17221225 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-006-0292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2006] [Revised: 12/05/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Elite indica rice cultivars were cotransformed with genes expressing a rice chitinase (chi11) and a thaumatin-like protein (tlp) conferring resistance to fungal pathogens and a serine-threonine kinase (Xa21) conferring bacterial blight resistance, through particle bombardment, with a view to pyramiding sheath blight and bacterial blight resistance. Molecular analyses of putative transgenic lines by polymerase chain reaction, Southern Blot hybridization, and Western Blotting revealed stable integration and expression of the transgenes in a few independent transgenic lines. Progeny analyses showed the stable inheritance of transgenes to their progeny. Coexpression of chitinase and thaumatin-like protein in the progenies of a transgenic Pusa Basmati1 line revealed an enhanced resistance to the sheath blight pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani, as compared to that in the lines expressing the individual genes. A transgenic Pusa Basmati1 line pyramided with chi11, tlp, and Xa21 showed an enhanced resistance to both sheath blight and bacterial blight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Maruthasalam
- Rice Transformation Laboratory, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Inbasegaran K, Loganathan M, Khoo AP, Aun LT. Opioid supplementation during propofol anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1990; 45:891. [PMID: 2240518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14597.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|