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Osama E, Khowailed E, Rashed L, Fawzy A, Hassan RM, Harb I, Maher M. Evaluation of skeletal muscle function in male rats with doxorubicin-induced myopathy following various exercise techniques: the significant role of glucose transporter 4. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:797-808. [PMID: 38368293 PMCID: PMC11033232 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02922-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
A common anthracycline antibiotic used to treat cancer patients is doxorubicin (DOX). One of the effects of DOX therapy is skeletal muscle fatigue. Our goal in this research was to study the beneficial effect of exercise on DOX-induced damaged muscle fibers and compare the effect of different exercise strategies (prophylactic, post- toxicity and combined) on DOX toxicity. Five groups were created from 40 male rats: group I, control group; group II, DOX was administered intraperitoneally for 2 weeks over 6 equal injections (each 2.5 mg/kg); group III, rats trained for 3 weeks before DOX; group IV, rats trained for 8 weeks after DOX; and group V, rats were trained for 3 weeks before DOX followed by 8 weeks after. Measures of oxidative damage (H2O2, catalase), inflammation (TNF-α), and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression on skeletal muscle were assessed. Also, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was estimated. Skeletal performance was evaluated by contraction time (CT), half relaxation time (1/2 RT), and force-frequency relationship by the end of this research. The current study demonstrated a detrimental effect of DOX on skeletal performance as evidenced by a significant increase in CT and 1/2 RT compared to control; in addition, H2O2, TNF-α, and HOMA-IR were significantly increased with a significant decrease in GLUT4 expression and catalase activity. Combined exercise therapy showed a remarkable improvement in skeletal muscle performance, compared to DOX, CT, and 1/2 RT which were significantly decreased; H2O2 and TNF-α were significantly decreased unlike catalase antioxidant activity that significantly increased; in addition, skeletal muscle glucose metabolism was significantly improved as GLUT4 expression significantly increased and HOMA-IR was significantly decreased. Exercise therapy showed significant improvement in all measured parameters relative to DOX. However, combined exercise therapy showed the best improvement relative to both pre-exercise and post-exercise groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Osama
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Effat Khowailed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - L Rashed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - A Fawzy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rokia Mohamad Hassan
- Department of Medical Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Inas Harb
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Maher
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Moore N, Maher M, Murphy G, O'Callaghan Maher M, O'Connor OJ, McEntee MF. CT in the detection of latent tuberculosis: a systematic review. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:568-575. [PMID: 37270335 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the use of computed tomography (CT) and low-dose CT in the detection of latent tuberculosis (TB). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search of literature in adherence with the PRISMA guidelines was carried out. Quality assessment of the included studies was conducted. RESULTS The search strategy identified a total of 4,621 studies. Sixteen studies were considered eligible and included in the review. There was high heterogeneity among all studies. CT was identified as much more sensitive for the detection of latent TB in all studies despite chest radiography often being recommended in guidelines to assess patients for latent TB. Low-dose CT showed promising results in four of the studies; however, these results were limited due to small sample sizes. CONCLUSION CT is much superior to chest radiography consistently identifying additional cases of latent TB. There are limited high-quality publications available using low-dose CT but findings thus far suggest low-dose CT could be used as an alternative to standard-dose CT for the detection of latent TB. It is recommended that a randomised controlled trial investigating low-dose CT should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Moore
- Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - M Maher
- Department of Radiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - G Murphy
- Department of Rheumatology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - O J O'Connor
- Department of Radiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - M F McEntee
- Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland
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Gilley R, David LR, Leamy B, Moloney D, Moore N, England A, Waldron M, Maher M, McEntee MF. Establishing weight-based diagnostic reference levels for neonatal chest X-rays. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:812-817. [PMID: 37276688 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As weights among neonates can vary from <900 g to >2.5 kg, weight-based Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) specific to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are essential. Repeated radiation exposure to this sensitive patient group raises concerns regarding high cumulative radiation doses and the potential for long-term health detriment. This study aimed to establish weight-based DRLs for neonates undergoing mobile chest radiography (CXR) in the NICU. METHODS Neonates were classified into three discrete groups; <1000, 1000-2500 and >2500 g. Data were collected prospectively over three months; 95 DAP values were collected, and five were excluded due to poor technique, leaving 90 patients that met the inclusion criteria for mobile CXR in the NICU. Dose-area-product (DAP) in mGycm2, the peak kilovoltage (kVp) and the product of tube current and exposure time (mAs) were retrieved from the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). Images and radiological reports were also analysed to confirm diagnostic image quality (IQ). Local DRLs (LDRLs) were derived using the median DAP, and national DRLs were suggested using the 3rd quartile value. RESULTS The proposed LDRLs for neonates weighing <1000 g was 2.7 mGycm2, for neonates weighing between 1000 g and 2500 g, it was 3.7 mGycm2, and for neonates weighing >2500 g it was 6.6 mGycm2. The radiation dose received by the 90 (100%) neonates included in the study fell below 11.4 mGycm2; of these, 82% of the DAP values fell below the study institution's existing LDRL of 7.25 mGycm2. CONCLUSION Weight-based DRLs provide crucial information on doses to this specific radiation-sensitive group. This work recommends using weight-based categories for DRLs and serves as a benchmark for neonatal CXR standardisation and optimisation. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The proposed weight-based DRLs can be adopted for neonates' locally, nationally and internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gilley
- Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - L R David
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health of Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - B Leamy
- Department of Radiology, University College Cork and Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - D Moloney
- Department of Radiology, University College Cork and Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - N Moore
- Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - A England
- Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - M Waldron
- Department of Radiology, University College Cork and Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - M Maher
- Department of Radiology, University College Cork and Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - M F McEntee
- Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland
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Kajawo S, Linn M, Maher M, Rath S, Fitzmaurice K, Brolly A, Buckley M. 222 TOWARDS A DELIRIUM FRIENDLY EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Delirium affects approx. 10-30 % of patients over the age of 65. Up to 70% of cases are missed in the Emergency Department (ED). Delirium results in increased morbidity, mortality, increased length of stay and decreased functional status with increased discharges to residential care centres. Delirium in the ED is an independent predictor of death within 6 months.
Methods
We completed an audit which showed 40% of those > 65 years of age in the ED were delirious and 60% of those had dementia. None of these had been identified as delirious prior to review. We have approx. 5,000 patients >75 years of age attending our ED annually (1/7th of presentations). This audit was used as a catalyst for our quality improvement project. We established a steering group with a small quality improvement sub-committee. We combed the literature, identified areas for improvement and costed our project. We also looked at reliance on 1:1 carers for those with delirium and potential benefits to patient, staff and management.
Results
We used the SPARK ignite programme as a means to gain momentum and also educate ourselves on business management and change management. We competed in the finals with our “delirium package” – focussing on orientation, stimulation, safety and education. These 4 pillars of delirium care have been shown to prevent delirium, reduce hospital stay for those with delirium and also augment their delirium cycle. Competing and winning a prize highlighted the importance of delirium care and brought our project to a bigger stage.
Conclusion
Due to our multi-disciplinary team composed of non-consultant hospital doctors, advanced nurse practitioners and occupational therapists, we have been able to introduce the national dementia programme for early identification of delirium in the emergency department. We now have a space for managing those with delirium and have received funding to put our package in place. This can be replicated in hospitals around the country highlighting the non-pharmacological treatments for delirium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kajawo
- University Hospital Kerry , Tralee, Ireland
| | - M Linn
- University Hospital Kerry , Tralee, Ireland
| | - M Maher
- University Hospital Kerry , Tralee, Ireland
| | - S Rath
- University Hospital Kerry , Tralee, Ireland
| | | | - A Brolly
- University Hospital Kerry , Tralee, Ireland
| | - M Buckley
- University Hospital Kerry , Tralee, Ireland
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Motawee ME, Damanhory AA, Sakr H, Khalifa MM, Atia T, Elfiky MM, Maher M, Sakr HI. An electron microscopic and biochemical study of the potential protective effect of ginger against Cadmium-induced testicular pathology in rats. Front Physiol 2022; 13:996020. [PMID: 36262262 PMCID: PMC9574188 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.996020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal used in many industries. Since the second half of the 20th century, legislation on Cd use was put to limit the exponential rise in its environmental levels. This study aimed to investigate Cd’s functional and ultrastructural changes on rats’ reproductive systems and the role of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) in protecting against Cd-induced toxicity. Methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were randomly assigned into three equal groups (n = 10); control, Cd-exposed/untreated, and Cd-exposed/Gin-treated. Rat testes were weighed, and testicular tissue sections were examined under the electron microscope. Semen analysis, morphological examination of spermatozoa, and serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone were measured. In addition, testicular tissue homogenates were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Results: Cd-induced significant reduction in the mean testicular weight and GSH levels and plasma testosterone, LH and FSH levels with a concomitant increase in testicular MDA and NO levels. There was also a deterioration in semen analysis parameters and spermatozoa morphology, with testicular structural damage in the form of architecture distortion and necrosis of seminiferous tubules and testicular interstitial cells. Daily administration of ginger for 4 weeks protected against CD-induced toxicity, preserving tissue architecture, improved plasma levels of testosterone, LH and FSH and testicular levels of GSH, and reduced testicular levels of MDA, NO. Conclusion: Ginger has a protective effect on Cd-induced deterioration of testicular tissue’s structural and functional integrity by improving testicular tissue antioxidant capacity and steroid production, which ameliorates sex hormone levels in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa E. Motawee
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Damanhory
- Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany Sakr
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VAMC, Northeast Ohio Health Care System, Louis Stokes, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Mohamed Mansour Khalifa
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Atia
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Elfiky
- Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Maher
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hader I. Sakr
- Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Hader I. Sakr,
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Coakley S, Young R, Moore N, England A, O'Mahony A, O'Connor OJ, Maher M, McEntee MF. Radiographers' knowledge, attitudes and expectations of artificial intelligence in medical imaging. Radiography (Lond) 2022; 28:943-948. [PMID: 35839662 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2022.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly utilised in medical imaging systems and processes, and radiographers must embrace this advancement. This study aimed to investigate perceptions, knowledge, and expectations towards integrating AI into medical imaging amongst a sample of radiographers and determine the current state of AI education within the community. METHODS A cross-sectional online quantitative study targeting radiographers based in Europe was conducted over ten weeks. Captured data included demographical information, participants' perceptions and understanding of AI, expectations of AI and AI-related educational backgrounds. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse the obtained data. RESULTS A total of 96 valid responses were collected. Of these, 64% correctly identified the true definition of AI from a range of options, but fewer (37%) fully understood the difference between AI, machine learning and deep learning. The majority of participants (83%) agreed they were excited about the advancement of AI, though a level of apprehensiveness remained amongst 29%. A severe lack of education on AI was noted, with only 8% of participants having received AI teachings in their pre-registration qualification. CONCLUSION Overall positive attitudes towards AI implementation were observed. The slight apprehension may stem from the lack of technical understanding of AI technologies and AI training within the community. Greater educational programs focusing on AI principles are required to help increase European radiography workforce engagement and involvement in AI technologies. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This study offers insight into the current perspectives of European based radiographers on AI in radiography to help facilitate the embracement of AI technology and convey the need for AI-focused education within the profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Coakley
- Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - R Young
- Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - N Moore
- Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - A England
- Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - A O'Mahony
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Ireland
| | - O J O'Connor
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Ireland
| | - M Maher
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Ireland
| | - M F McEntee
- Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland
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Dempsey PJ, Power JW, Yates A, Maher M, Murphy BD, McNicholas MMJ. Creation of a protective space between the rectum and prostate prior to prostate radiotherapy using a hydrogel spacer. Clin Radiol 2021; 77:e195-e200. [PMID: 34974913 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The placement of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel spacer is a recently developed technique employed to reduce the radiation dose administered to the rectum during prostate radiotherapy. This procedure has been adopted by urologists and radiation oncologists involved in transperineal prostate biopsy and brachytherapy, and more recently by radiologists with experience in transperineal prostate procedures. Radiologists should be familiar with the product, which may be encountered on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Radiologists may wish to become involved in the delivery of this increasingly utilised procedure. This review familiarises radiologists with the technique and risks and benefits of the use of transperineal delivery of hydrogel spacers with imaging examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Dempsey
- Radiology Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - J W Power
- Radiology Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Yates
- Radiology Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Maher
- Radiation Oncology Department, Mater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B D Murphy
- Radiology Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland; Radiation Oncology Department, Mater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M M J McNicholas
- Radiology Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland; Radiation Oncology Department, Mater Private Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland
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Rapalino O, Pourvaziri A, Maher M, Jaramillo-Cardoso A, Edlow BL, Conklin J, Huang S, Westover B, Romero JM, Halpern E, Gupta R, Pomerantz S, Schaefer P, Gonzalez RG, Mukerji SS, Lev MH. Clinical, Imaging, and Lab Correlates of Severe COVID-19 Leukoencephalopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:632-638. [PMID: 33414226 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients infected with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can develop a spectrum of neurological disorders, including a leukoencephalopathy of variable severity. Our aim was to characterize imaging, lab, and clinical correlates of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) leukoencephalopathy, which may provide insight into the SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-seven consecutive patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 who had brain MR imaging following intensive care unit admission were included. Seven (7/27, 26%) developed an unusual pattern of "leukoencephalopathy with reduced diffusivity" on diffusion-weighted MR imaging. The remaining patients did not exhibit this pattern. Clinical and laboratory indices, as well as neuroimaging findings, were compared between groups. RESULTS The reduced-diffusivity group had a significantly higher body mass index (36 versus 28 kg/m2, P < .01). Patients with reduced diffusivity trended toward more frequent acute renal failure (7/7, 100% versus 9/20, 45%; P = .06) and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate values (49 versus 85 mL/min; P = .06) at the time of MRI. Patients with reduced diffusivity also showed lesser mean values of the lowest hemoglobin levels (8.1 versus 10.2 g/dL, P < .05) and higher serum sodium levels (147 versus 139 mmol/L, P = .04) within 24 hours before MR imaging. The reduced-diffusivity group showed a striking and highly reproducible distribution of confluent, predominantly symmetric, supratentorial, and middle cerebellar peduncular white matter lesions (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight notable correlations between severe COVID-19 leukoencephalopathy with reduced diffusivity and obesity, acute renal failure, mild hypernatremia, anemia, and an unusual brain MR imaging white matter lesion distribution pattern. Together, these observations may shed light on possible SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with leukoencephalopathy, including borderzone ischemic changes, electrolyte transport disturbances, and silent hypoxia in the setting of the known cytokine storm syndrome that accompanies severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Rapalino
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | - A Pourvaziri
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | - M Maher
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | - A Jaramillo-Cardoso
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | | | - J Conklin
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | - S Huang
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | | | - J M Romero
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | - E Halpern
- Institute for Technology Assessment (E.H.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R Gupta
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | - S Pomerantz
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | - P Schaefer
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | - R G Gonzalez
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
| | | | - M H Lev
- From the Department of Radiology (O.R., A.P., M.M., A.J.-C., J.C., S.H., J.M.R., R.G., S.P., P.S., R.G.G., M.H.L.)
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McCarthy S, Foley CC, Dvorakova V, Quinlan C, Murphy M, Maher M. PASH syndrome with bony destruction. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 44:918-920. [PMID: 30666706 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S McCarthy
- Department of Dermatology, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - C C Foley
- Department of Dermatology, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - V Dvorakova
- Department of Dermatology, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Quinlan
- Department of Dermatology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - M Maher
- Department of Radiology, University College Cork and Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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Abstract
The Koebner phenomenon is the development of lesions in traumatized skin, often with spontaneously occurring lesions elsewhere. We report a case of a woman in her 20 s presenting with discoid lesions superimposed on tattoos that she obtained many years ago. Although a few case reports have been published describing development of lesions on red tattoos attributed to photosensitivity, or koebnerization occurring less than a month following tattoo placement, our patient demonstrates a unique delayed development of discoid lesions years after obtaining her tattoos in non-sun exposed skin. Patients with conditions associated with the Koebner phenomenon must be counseled regarding forms of preventable trauma such as tattoos, and should be made aware that the Koebner phenomenon may not only manifest immediately, but can also present many years later.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Wang
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - M Maher
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - C Chung
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - J A Kaffenberger
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Vassallo T, Mizzi A, Depasquale R, Maher M, Rainford L. The development of patient information leaflets incorporating patient diversity considerations: Varicocele embolisation and fluoroscopy guided joint injection examinations. Radiography (Lond) 2018; 24 Suppl 1:S20-S27. [PMID: 30166004 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The production of patient information leaflets (PILs) for diverse patient cohorts is challenging. This study developed varicocele and fluoroscopy guided joint injection (FLGJI) procedural PILs. METHODOLOGY Evidence-based PILs were developed, providing radiological procedural information - preparation, explanation of interventional procedures and aftercare. PIL readability was tested via validated readability programs: Flesch Kincaid and Flesch ease reading score methods. Radiology approval of PIL(s) content was confirmed. PILs were distributed with appointment information. Patient interviews were conducted just prior to examination and by telephone, 7 days post procedure. RESULTS Participants were purposely sampled (6 months): varicocele embolisation (n = 17) and FLGJI (n = 47). Overall 78.1% of all participants preferred Maltese leaflets. Varicocele embolisation patients were generally younger and a greater percentage educated to tertiary level compared to FLGJI patients. Education and age were found to be recurrent significant variables in the patient demographics and responses for both patient cohorts. Age versus education for the FLGJI cohort proved to be significant for several responses. Readability statistics identified the FLGJI leaflet as a plain English rating, the varicocele embolisation leaflet was more difficult. Patient feedback identified 'what is a varicocele?' as important to varicocele embolisation patients whereas FLGJI patients chose, 'advice about aftercare' and 'advice about pain management', highlighting differences in patients' priorities between procedures. CONCLUSION PILs provided tangible, accurate information pre and post examination. Patient involvement in achieving appropriate information informed the PILs development, which were adopted clinically. The development of tailored PILs to meet the diversity of other interventional radiology procedures is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vassallo
- Medical Imaging Department, Mater Dei University Hospital, Radiology Department, Malta; Medical Imaging Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MSD 2090, Malta.
| | - A Mizzi
- Medical Imaging Department, Mater Dei University Hospital, Radiology Department, Malta; Medical Imaging Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MSD 2090, Malta.
| | - R Depasquale
- Medical Imaging Department, Mater Dei University Hospital, Radiology Department, Malta; Medical Imaging Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MSD 2090, Malta.
| | - M Maher
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - L Rainford
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Van Mil A, Castilho M, Maher M, Metz CH, Maas RGC, Hochleitner G, Groll J, Ito K, Malda J, Sluijter JPG. P463Engineering myocardial tissue in vitro using stretchable microfiber scaffolds and human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy060.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Van Mil
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M Castilho
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Orthopaedics, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M Maher
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Orthopaedics, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - C H Metz
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - RGC Maas
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - G Hochleitner
- University Hospital of Wurzburg, Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - J Groll
- University Hospital of Wurzburg, Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - K Ito
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - J Malda
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Orthopaedics, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - JPG Sluijter
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, Utrecht, Netherlands
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El-Khayat H, Fouad Y, Mohamed HI, El-Amin H, Kamal EM, Maher M, Risk A. Sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir with or without ribavirin in 551 patients with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis, genotype 4. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:674-679. [PMID: 29314146 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir combination therapy (SOF/DCV) has shown efficacy in patients with chronic hepatitis C in clinical trials. AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of SOF/DCV for treatment of patients with hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis genotype 4. METHODS Multicentre study involving 551 patients with liver cirrhosis genotype 4; 432 naïve patients and 119 treatment-experienced patients. All patients received SOF (400 mg) and DCV (60 mg) daily in addition to weight-based ribavirin (RBV) for 12 weeks and when RBV is contraindicated the treatment duration was extended to 24 weeks. RESULTS Sustained virological response at 12 weeks after end of treatment (SVR12) rate was 92% in naïve cirrhotic patients and 87% in previous treated patients (by ITT analysis). Virological failure was infrequent, occurring in 42 patients (8%) overall. Thirty-two (6%) were non responders; and 10 (2%) cases were relapsers, 31 patients (7%) were CTP-A and 11 (13.3%) patients were CTP-B (by ITT analysis). The most common adverse events were anaemia, fatigue, headache, pruritus. Serious side effects were recorded mainly in CTP-B cirrhotic patients including HCC and hepatic encephalopathy. CONCLUSIONS The SOF/DCV combination therapy has proven efficacy and safety in treating patients with hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis genotype 4 in a large cohort of patients in the real world.
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Affiliation(s)
- H El-Khayat
- Gastroenterology and Endemic Medicine Department, Theodore Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Fouad
- Gastroenterology and Endemic Medicine Department, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - H I Mohamed
- Gastroenterology and Endemic Medicine Department, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - H El-Amin
- Internal Medicine Department, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - E M Kamal
- Gastroenterology and Endemic Medicine Department, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - M Maher
- Gastroenterology and Endemic Medicine Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Risk
- Rheumatology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Khayat HR, Kamal EM, El-Sayed MH, El-Shabrawi M, Ayoub H, RizK A, Maher M, El Sheemy RY, Fouad YM, Attia D. The effectiveness and safety of ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir in adolescents with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection: a real-world experience. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:838-844. [PMID: 29349793 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir was recently approved for treatment of adolescent (12-17 years) HCV genotype 1, 4, 5 & 6 patients. However, few clinical trials have been performed in genotype 1 patients. AIM To investigate the effectiveness and safety of ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir in chronic HCV adolescent patients with genotype 4 in the real world. METHODS This prospective multicentre (six centres) open-label study included 144 adolescent chronic HCV patients with genotype 4 (mean age 14 ± 2, 69% males). All patients received a combination tablet containing 400 mg sofosbuvir and 90 mg ledipasvir once daily for 12 weeks. Laboratory and virological markers were evaluated at baseline, week 4, week 8 and week 12 (EOT), and 12 weeks after end of treatment (SVR12). RESULTS SVR12 was observed in 142/144 patients (99%). The relapsers occurred in previous naïve patients (n = 2/128, 2%), while the experienced patients showed 100% SVR12. SVR12 was 98% in F0/F1 patients in comparison to 100% in F2 patients (P = 0.552). No serious side effects were observed, nor was treatment discontinuation or death. Headache was the most common side effect in all patients (20%). In experienced patients, pruritus (31%, P = 0.007), diarrhoea (44%, P < 0.001) and skin rash (19%, P = 0.002) were higher than in naïve patients. CONCLUSIONS A ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir regimen is well tolerated and effective, and can be used safely in treating adolescent patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R El-Khayat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endemic Medicine, Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - E M Kamal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endemic Medicine, Minia University Hospitals, Minia, Egypt
| | - M H El-Sayed
- Rheumatology Department, Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M El-Shabrawi
- Rheumatology Department, Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H Ayoub
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endemic Medicine, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A RizK
- Rheumatology Department, Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Maher
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endemic Medicine, Egyptian Military Academy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R Y El Sheemy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endemic Medicine, Minia University Hospitals, Minia, Egypt
| | - Y M Fouad
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endemic Medicine, Minia University Hospitals, Minia, Egypt
| | - D Attia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef, Egypt
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Caplice N, Devoe M, Choi J, Dahly D, Spitzer E, Van Guens R, Maher M, Tuite D, Kerins D, Kelly P, Kearney P, Curtin R, Vaughan C, Eustace J, McFadden E. P2125Randomised placebo controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of intracoronary insulin like growth factor 1 post percutaneous intervention for acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p2125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Jolly K, Hammond D, Maher M, Evriviades D. New technique for bloodless surgery to the scalp. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:e55-6. [PMID: 26948705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Jolly
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham.
| | | | - M Maher
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham
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17
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El Khiyat I, Alouan A, Mahdi Y, Kharmoum J, Cherkaoui O, Tachfouti S, Amazouzi A, Daoudi R, Maher M, Cherradi N. Hyperplasie lymphoïde réactionnelle de l’orbite avec extension intracrânienne. J Fr Ophtalmol 2015; 38:e211-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Doyle MBM, Vachharajani N, Wellen JR, Lowell JA, Shenoy S, Ridolfi G, Jendrisak MD, Coleman J, Maher M, Brockmeier D, Kappel D, Chapman WC. A novel organ donor facility: a decade of experience with liver donors. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:615-20. [PMID: 24612713 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Transplant surgeons have historically traveled to donor hospitals, performing complex, time-sensitive procedures with unfamiliar personnel. This often involves air travel, significant delays, and frequently occurs overnight.In 2001, we established the nation's first organ recovery center. The goal was to increase efficiency,reduce costs and reduce surgeon travel. Liver donors and recipients, donor costs, surgeon hours and travel time, from April 1,2001 through December 31,2011 were analyzed. Nine hundred and fifteen liver transplants performed at our center were analyzed based on procurement location (living donors and donation after cardiac death donors were excluded). In year 1, 36% (9/25) of donor procurements occurred at the organ procurement organization (OPO) facility, rising to 93%(56/60) in the last year of analysis. Travel time was reduced from 8 to 2.7 h (p<0.0001), with a reduction of surgeon fly outs by 93% (14/15) in 2011. Liver organ donor charges generated by the donor were reduced by37% overall for donors recovered at the OPO facility versus acute care hospital. Organs recovered in this novel facility resulted in significantly reduced surgeon hours, air travel and cost. This practice has major implications for cost containment and OPO national policy and could become the standard of care.
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Khan K, Susan P, Bourke L, Maher M, Crush L, Kennedy M, Henry M. 133 Radiological histological features and clinical outcome of lung cancer with coexistent idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lung Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(14)70134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Sedano-Balbas S, Lyons M, Cleary B, Murray M, Gaffney G, Maher M. Placental prothrombin mRNA levels in APC resistance (APCR) women with increased placental fibrin deposition. Ir J Med Sci 2013; 183:477-80. [PMID: 24362889 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-013-1056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the link between the mRNA of the procoagulant prothrombin in the placental tissue with the increased placental fibrin deposition associated with activated protein C resistance (APCR). Women with APCR were not found to produce higher levels of prothrombin transcript compared to women with a normal APC ratio. This indicates that accumulated fibrin in the placenta is not the consequence of too much production of the procoagulant prothrombin transcript, but may be associated with altered function of other haemostatic factors interacting with APC in the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sedano-Balbas
- Molecular Diagnostics Research Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National Diagnostics Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland,
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Casey R, Slattery D, Prendeville S, Moore M, Maher M, O'Halloran D. SDHB gene positive metastatic paraganglioma associated with lesions which demonstrate both positive and negative uptake of 18FDG PET and 131MIBG. QJM 2013; 106:1035-7. [PMID: 23708795 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Casey
- Department of Endocrinology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
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22
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Edgeworth D, Brohan J, O'Neill S, Maher M, Breen D, Murphy D. Pulmonary sequelae of severe H1N1 infection treated with high frequency oscillatory ventilation. Ir Med J 2013; 106:249-252. [PMID: 24282900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
During the recent influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, due to severe respiratory failure many patients required treatment with alternative ventilator modalities including High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV). We present four such patients treated with HFOV at an academic, tertiary referral hospital in Ireland. We detail outcomes of clinical examination, pulmonary function testing, quality of life assessment and radiographic appearance on CT Thorax at follow-up at 6 months. Further clinical assessment and pulmonary function testing were performed at median 19 months (range 18-21 months) post-discharge. At initial review all patients were found to have reduced gas transfer (median predicted DLCO 74%) with preservation of lung volumes and normal spirometrical values at 6 months (median FVC 5.42L [101% predicted] and FEV14.5L [101.2% predicted] respectively), with improvements in gas transfer (median predicted DLCO 83%)at subsequent testing. Post-inflammatory changes on CT thorax at 6 months were seen in all 4 cases. To our knowledge this is the first report to document the long-term effects of severe H1N1 infection requiring high frequency oscillation on respiratory function. We conclude that the effects on respiratory function and pulmonary radiological appearance are similar to those observed following conventional treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [ARDS].
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Soufi G, Hajji Z, Imdary I, Slassi N, Essakalli Housseini L, Maher M, Benchekroun N, Boulanouar A, Berraho A. [Retrobulbar optic neuropathy secondary to an undifferentiated carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2012; 35:792-7. [PMID: 23141167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2012.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses is a rare malignant tumor, characterized by rapid growth, local/regional invasion, metastatic potential and poor prognosis despite aggressive treatment. Clinically, this tumor may manifest as episodes of epistaxis, headache or ophthalmic signs, particularly oculomotor nerve palsies, optic atrophy or even proptosis in the case of orbital extension. We report the case of a patient admitted with a left retrobulbar optic neuropathy, which led to a diagnosis of undifferentiated carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Soufi
- Service d'ophtalmologie B, hôpital des spécialités, CHU de Rabat, Rabat, Maroc.
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O'Mahony A, O'Sullivan T, Walsh Y, Vaughan A, Maher M, Fitzgerald GF, van Sinderen D. Characterisation of Antimicrobial Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria from Malted Barley. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.2000.tb00531.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Harmouch A, Chefchaouni MC, Maher M, Sefiani S. [Role of the pathologist in the diagnosis of palpebral keratoacanthoma: case report and literature review]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2012; 35:816.e1-3. [PMID: 23021084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a keratoacanthoma of the lower lid in a 14-year-old girl posing diagnostic difficulty with differentiating the lesion from a verrucous squamous cell carcinoma on histologic examination of an incisional biopsy. It was only upon complete excision of the tumor that the diagnosis of keratoacanthoma could be made and that of malignancy ruled out. We discuss the clinical and histologic diagnostic criteria for keratoacanthoma and assert that wide biopsy is essential for adequate morphologic study to enable better therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Harmouch
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, hôpital oto-neuro-ophtalmologique, Rabat, Maroc.
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O'Regan K, Filan P, Pandit N, Maher M, Fanning N. Image quality associated with the use of an MR-compatible incubator in neonatal neuroimaging. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:363-7. [PMID: 22457402 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/66148265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MRI in the neonate poses significant challenges associated with patient transport and monitoring, and the potential for diminished image quality owing to patient motion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a dedicated MR-compatible incubator with integrated radiofrequency coils in improving image quality of MRI studies of the brain acquired in term and preterm neonates using standard MRI equipment. METHODS Subjective and objective analyses of image quality of neonatal brain MR examinations were performed before and after the introduction of an MR-compatible incubator. For all studies, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated, image quality was graded (1-3) and each was assessed for image artefact (e.g. motion). Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used to compare mean SNR values. RESULTS 39 patients were included [mean gestational age 39 weeks (range 30-42 weeks); mean postnatal age 13 days (range 1-56 days); mean weight 3.5 kg (range 1.4-4.5 kg)]. Following the introduction of the MR-compatible incubator, diagnostic quality scans increased from 50 to 89% and motion artefact decreased from 73 to 44% of studies. SNR did not increase initially, but, when using MR sequences and parameters specifically tailored for neonatal brain imaging, SNR increased from 70 to 213 (p=0.001). CONCLUSION Use of an MR-compatible incubator in neonatal neuroimaging provides a safe environment for MRI of the neonate and also facilitates patient monitoring and transport. When specifically tailored MR protocols are used, this results in improved image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- K O'Regan
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
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27
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Harmouch A, Bellarbi S, Derkaoui Hassani F, Maher M, Elkhamlichi A, Sefiani S. [Cerebral atypical rhabdoid/teratoid tumor: report of two cases]. Neurochirurgie 2012; 58:254-7. [PMID: 22464603 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The cerebral atypical rhabdoid/teratoid tumor constitutes one of the most aggressive tumors of children. Such tumors are equally characterized by a critically and speedly mortal development. The optimal management of such tumors remains unknown. The authors report two cases of cerebral atypical rhabdoid teratoid tumor in 8- and 10-year girls and discuss the histological features, immunochemistry study, prognosis and treatment of these rare tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Harmouch
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, faculté de médecine, université Mohammed V, hôpital des spécialités, Souissi, Rabat, Maroc.
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Harmouch A, Taleb M, Lasseini A, Maher M, Sefiani S. Epidemiology of pediatric primary tumors of the nervous system: A retrospective study of 633 cases from a single Moroccan institution. Neurochirurgie 2012; 58:14-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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El Khannoussi B, Harmouch A, Boumezaoued M, Maher M, Sefiani S. Les chordomes: à propos de sept cas. ONCOLOGIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10269-010-1966-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Harmouch A, Cherif Chefchaouni M, Maher M, Sefiani S. Tumeur fibreuse solitaire de l’orbite: à propos de deux cas avec revue de la littérature. ONCOLOGIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10269-010-1967-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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33
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Sedano S, Gaffney G, Mortimer G, Lyons M, Cleary B, Murray M, Maher M. Activated Protein C Resistance (APCR) and Placental Fibrin Deposition. Placenta 2008; 29:833-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ech-Charif S, Benhammou A, Maher M, Séfiani S. [Solitary myofibroma of the mandible: a case report]. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) 2008; 129:337-340. [PMID: 19408523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Infantile myofibromatosis (IMF) are integrated in the group of fibromatosis juvenile-type which are benign mesenchymal lesions, characterized morphologically by a proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblastes, with perivascular pattern. Through a case of solitary myofibroma of the mandible, we will emphasize anatomo-clinical features and differential diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We report a case illustrating solitary myofibroma of the mandible in 18 month old infant. RESULTS The histological diagnosis was done on the identification of two separate components, a fascicular myofibroblastic pattern at the periphery with a hemangiopericytoma like pattern in the centre. Both components positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin and vimentin. DISCUSSION Solitary IMF is characterised by a single lesion arising from cutaneous, bony or soft tissues. Morphological and immunohistochemical examination allow the diagnosis of the typical form. The differential diagnosis includes other benign spindle cells tumours. The prognosis is excellent with possibility to regress spontaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ech-Charif
- CHU, Hôpital des Spécialités, Service d'Anatomie pathologique, Rabat, Maroc.
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Lavery R, Glennon M, Houghton J, Nolan A, Egan D, Maher M. Investigation of DAZ and RBMY1 gene expression in human testis by quantitative real-time PCR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 53:71-3. [PMID: 17453684 DOI: 10.1080/01485010600915228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study developed quantitative real-time PCR assays for the DAZ and RBMY1 genes to determine the copy number of RNA extracted from testicular biopsies from a cohort of normospermic controls (n=6) and azoospermic males (n=17) including two males with Y-chromosome microdeletions (AZFc and AZFb + c). All patients underwent testicular sperm extraction (TESE) for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Forty percent of the azoospermic cohort showed a significant reduction in the copies of at least one of the genes (DAZ P=0.003; RBMY1 P=0.009). The histopathology of these patients ranged from Sertoli cell only (SCO) to severe hypospermatogenesis with interstitial fibrosis. The patient with the AZFb + c deletion lacked expression of DAZ and RBMY1 and had a histopathology of SCO. The patient with the AZFc deletion had reduced expression of RBMY1 and no DAZ expression with a histopathology of spermatocyte arrest. The quantitative real-time PCR assays for DAZ and RBMY1 gave positive predictive values of 78% and 70%, respectively for the recovery of sperm from testicular biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lavery
- National Diagnostics Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Lezrek M, Dahreddine M, Bencherif Z, Karim A, Maher M, Tachfouti S, Karmane A, Mohcine Z. [Bilateral primary pseudotumoral palpebral amyloidosis. A case report]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2007; 30:e17. [PMID: 17646744 DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(07)89672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ocular amyloidosis is infrequent, and the palpebral location is uncommon. It usually has a primary localized form, but can occur in systemic or familial amyloidosis. The diagnosis is mainly made by histopathology. Its treatment is surgical and the prognosis depends on clinical presentation and recurrences. We report the case of a 54-year-old woman with no medical history of the disease, who had bilateral isolated palpebral amyloidosis presenting as bilateral upper lid swelling with ptosis and corneal dystrophy. Diagnosis was confirmed by palpebral biopsy and the patient underwent excision of the involved lid tissue with reconstruction of the affected lid with cartilage autograft. Clinical progression showed improvement of the ptosis and the patient's comfort. Although rare, palpebral amyloidosis poses management problems, particularly in advanced cases, because of corneal complications and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lezrek
- Service d'Ophtalmologie A, Hôpital des Spécialités, Rabat, Morocco.
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O'Connor L, Ruttledge M, Maher M. P1863 Specific detection of Candida albicans using real-time PCR on the LightCycler™. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Glynn B, Lacey K, Palta P, Kaplinski L, Remm M, Barry T, Smith T, Maher M. P1408 Demonstration of the application of the tmRNA transcript of the bacterial ssrA gene as a molecular diagnostic target using a combination of NASBA and BiaCore technologies. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wernecke M, Mullen C, Maher M, Barry T, Smith T. P1422 Development and validation of a real-time PCR assay for the detection of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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O’Grady M, Maher M, Troy D, Moloney A, Kerry J. An assessment of dietary supplementation with tea catechins and rosemary extract on the quality of fresh beef. Meat Sci 2006; 73:132-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2005] [Revised: 11/03/2005] [Accepted: 11/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) gene, located on the X chromosome, is an important regulator of human spermatogenesis. In the past decade, the link between the CAG polyglutamine tract, situated on exon one of the AR gene, and reduced spermatogenesis has become a controversial one. Alterations in the length of the CAG polyglutamine tract have been associated with prostate cancer at a reduced intrinsic length and neuromuscular diseases at a CAG repeat length of > or = 40. Minimal intermediate increases have been linked with depressed spermatogenesis in infertile males. Asian and Australian groups have published an association between increased CAG repeat length and reduced spermatogenesis while many European studies have found no such association. The aim of this study was to document the association between increased CAG repeat length and reduced spermatogenesis in a group of Irish infertile males and controls known to have fathered at least one child. The study employed the ABI 377 DNA sequencer to size the CAG repeat region of exon one of the AR gene in each group. Statistical analysis revealed no actual link between the length of the CAG tract and a reduction of spermatogenesis in a cohort of infertile patients (n = 66) of Irish ethnic origin when compared to a fertile control group (n = 77) (p = 0.599).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lavery
- National Diagnostics Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway.
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Sefiani S, Amarti A, Boulaadas M, Maher M, Saidi A. [Synovial sarcoma of the head and neck: two cases report]. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) 2005; 126:53-6. [PMID: 16080650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Synovial sarcomas are soft tissue tumors that rarely occur in the head and neck The purpose of this report is to accrue data on this sarcoma at a rare site, and to highlight the histopathological differential diagnosis with other cervical tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two cases of cervico-facial tumors were reported in 26 and 27 year old women. RESULTS Histologically, these tumors were classified into monophasic and biphasic variants. Immunohistochemistry plays a major part in the differential diagnosis, enabling the demonstration of epithelial differentiation. Radical surgery was the mainstay of treatment with post-operative radiotherapy for residual disease in one case. Local recurrence was developed in the patient who had only surgical treatment. DISCUSSION Synovial sarcomas are a rare soft tissue malignancies and the head and neck region location accounts for 3-5% of them. The rarity of this tumor in the head and neck and its multitude of his histopathologic features are responsible for frequent initial misdiagnosis. Histologic, immunohistochemic and characteristic chromosomal translocation findings are necessary for diagnosis. The poor prognosis of this sarcoma justified a radical surgery with post-operative radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sefiani
- Hôpital Oto-Neuro-Ophtalmologique, Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Rabat, Maroc.
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Ellsmere J, Mortele K, Sahani D, Maher M, Cantisani V, Wells W, Brooks D, Rattner D. Does multidetector-row CT eliminate the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in assessing the resectability of pancreatic head adenocarcinoma? Surg Endosc 2004; 19:369-73. [PMID: 15624058 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-004-8712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2004] [Accepted: 09/29/2004] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that the high-quality images from multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) would lead to improved sensitivity and specificity for predicting resectable pancreatic head adenocarcinoma, thus diminishing the value of staging laparoscopy. METHODS Forty four consecutive patients underwent thin-section dual-phase MDCT to stage their tumor, followed by an attempted pancreaticoduodenectomy. Four radiologists who were blinded to the operative outcome reviewed the scans and graded the presence of distant and nodal metastases, as well as the degree of arterial and portal involvement. The radiologic criteria for resectability were no distant metastasis, a patent portal vein, and < 50% arterial involvement. RESULTS The overall resectability for this cohort was 52% (23/44). The 21 unresectable cases, included five liver metastases, three peritoneal metastases, and 13 locally invasive tumors. The negative margin resection rate was 34% (15/44). There were no portal vein resections. The sensitivity and specificity of MDCT for predicting resectability were 96% (22/23) and 33% (7/21), respectively. In this cohort, the positive and negative predictive values were 61% (22/36) and 87.5% (7/8), respectively. As determined by univariate logistic regression, only the degree of arterial involvement was a significant predictor of resectability (p = 0.02). As determined by multivariate logistic regression using both arterial and portal involvement, arterial involvement was predictive (p = 0.03) but portal vein involvement was not (p = 0.45). CONCLUSIONS Despite the improvements in image quality obtained with multidetector-row technology, CT imaging remains a relatively nonspecific test for predicting resectability in patients with adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas. Minimally invasive modalities with higher specificity, particularly laparoscopy, continue to have an important role in staging pancreatic head adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ellsmere
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Fitzmaurice J, Duffy G, Kilbride B, Sheridan JJ, Carroll C, Maher M. Comparison of a membrane surface adhesion recovery method with an IMS method for use in a polymerase chain reaction method to detect Escherichia coli O157:H7 in minced beef. J Microbiol Methods 2004; 59:243-52. [PMID: 15369860 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2004.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2003] [Revised: 07/12/2004] [Accepted: 07/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, enrichment procedures and two recovery methods, a membrane surface adhesion technique and an immunomagnetic separation (IMS), were compared for use in conjunction with a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method with a view to describing a fast (24 h) and economical test for detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in meat samples. The study showed no significant difference between three different enrichment media (BHI, E. coli (E.C.) broth+novobiocin, modified tryptone soya broth (mTSB)+novobiocin) or two incubation temperatures (37 or 41.5 degrees C) for growth of E. coli O157:H7 in minced beef. Minced beef samples inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 40 cfu g(-1) were incubated at 37 degrees C for 16 h in E.C. broth+novobiocin reaching numbers of (log(10)7.82-8.70). E. coli O157:H7 were recovered by attachment to polycarbonate membranes immersed in the enriched cultures for 15 min or by immunomagnetic separation. Subsequent treatment of recovered membranes or IMS beads with lysis buffer and phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol was used to extract the DNA from the extracted E. coli O157:H7 cells. The results show when E. coli O157:H7 was present at high levels in the enriched meat sample (log(10)9.6-7.5 cfu ml(-1); >16-h enrichment), the membrane and IMS techniques recovered similar levels of the pathogen and the microorganism was detectable by PCR using both methods. At lower levels of E. coli O157:H7 (log(10)6.4), only the IMS method could recover the pathogen but at levels below this neither method could recover sufficient numbers of the pathogens to allow detection. The conclusion of the study is that with sufficient enrichment time (16 h) the membrane surface adhesion membrane extraction method used in combination with multiplex PCR has the potential for a rapid and economical detection method.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fitzmaurice
- The National Diagnostics Centre, BioResearch Ireland, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Fitzmaurice J, Glennon M, Duffy G, Sheridan JJ, Carroll C, Maher M. Application of real-time PCR and RT-PCR assays for the detection and quantitation of VT 1 and VT 2 toxin genes in E. coli O157:H7. Mol Cell Probes 2004; 18:123-32. [PMID: 15051122 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2003.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2003] [Accepted: 10/27/2003] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Real-time PCR assays, based on hybridisation probes and LightCycler technology, were developed for VT 1 and VT 2 genes and applied to the detection and quantitation of DNA and mRNA of Escherichia coli O157:H7. The qualitative consensus PCR assay for the detection of VT 1 and/or VT 2 genes had a detection limit of 100 fg of E. coli O157:H7 genomic DNA and did not detect DNA from 13 non-VTEC isolates. When E. coli O157:H7 was inoculated into minced beef, enriched and recovered by immunomagnetic separation, the real-time consensus PCR assay had a detection limit of log(10)3.5 ml(-1) E. coli O157:H7 cells. Nineteen E. coli O157:H7 isolates, derived from food, bovine samples and human faeces, were analysed and compared for mRNA expression of three genes, VT 1, VT 2 and gapA (housekeeping gene), using quantitative real-time PCR assays. While there was no statistically significant difference for the expression of the VT 1 (p=0.134) or VT 2 (p=0.52) mRNA in the E. coli O157:H7 isolates from food, bovine and human sources, three clinical isolates did show lower expression of VT 2 compared to other isolates in the study. The study indicates that the consensus qualitative real-time PCR assay for VT 1 and VT 2 is rapid and sensitive and that the quantitative assays reported here have the potential to be used as an alternative method to more conventional methods for studying VT 1 and VT 2 virulence gene expression in E. coli O157:H7 with potential application in other pathogenic E. coli species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fitzmaurice
- The National Diagnostics Centre, DNA Diagnostics, BioResearch Ireland, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Abstract
The variable clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF) suggest the influence of modifier genes. Genetic and environmental factors that determine whether an individual will develop associated complications are still being determined. It has been proposed that the gene for hemochromatosis, HFE, may be a modifier locus for CF disease phenotype. Recent research has suggested a relationship between mutations to the HFE gene and the development of meconium ileus (MI) and liver disease in CF. This study aims to expand our knowledge of the HFE mutations C282Y and H63D carrier rate in an Irish population of CF allele carriers. PCR restriction enzyme analysis was performed on blood samples from CF patients to identify the C282Y and H63D mutations. HFE status of CF allele carriers and CF patients (Delta F508) homozygotes with and without meconium ileus was determined. The carrier frequency for C282Y was 30.8% for the Delta F508 homozygote MI positive group, as compared to 12.5% for the non-Delta F508 MI positive group but did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.27). Interestingly, no Delta F508 homozygote patients were homozygous for the C282Y mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Devaney
- National Diagnostics Centre, BioResearch Ireland, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Smith
- BioResearch Ireland, National Diagnostics Centre, University College, Galway
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Fallon R, O'Sullivan N, Maher M, Carroll C. Antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from broiler chickens isolated at an Irish poultry processing plant. Lett Appl Microbiol 2003; 36:277-81. [PMID: 12680938 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The antibiotic susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from broiler chickens were determined in order to evaluate the level of antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter species in the Irish poultry industry. METHODS AND RESULTS Seventy-eight Camp. jejuni and 22 Camp. coli strains were examined for susceptibility to eight antibiotics using the disc diffusion assay. The highest level of resistance of the Camp. jejuni isolates was recorded to ampicillin (35.9%), followed by 20.5% to tetracycline, 20.5% to naladixic acid, 17.9% to ciprofloxacin, 10.2% to erythromycin, 2.5% to streptomycin and 1.2% to kanamycin. Multidrug resistance to two or more antibiotics was seen for 30.7% of Camp. jejuni strains. Resistance of the Camp. coli isolates was shown to ampicillin (9%) and tetracycline (18.2%). CONCLUSIONS The majority of Camp. jejuni strains were susceptible to antibiotics commonly used for human therapy. Camp. coli strains showed very low resistance levels and were susceptible to six of the eight antimicrobial agents studied. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Levels of Camp. jejuni and Camp. coli antimicrobial resistance in Irish poultry production was assessed to determine the current situation in Ireland. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter strains isolated from broiler chickens was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fallon
- Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Regragui A, Amarti Riffi A, Maher M, El Khamlichi A, Saidi A. [Accuracy of intraoperative diagnosis in central nervous system tumors: report of 1315 cases]. Neurochirurgie 2003; 49:67-72. [PMID: 12746721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Clinicians order neurosurgery frozen sections in order to answer three questions: is the specimen tumor tissue? is it benign or malignant? what is its histological type? We studied the diagnostic accuracy of 1 315 frozen sections of central nervous system tumors, performed between 1988 and 1999, and compared it with data in the literature. Agreement between intraoperative and paraffin-section diagnosis was 96.6% (rate of error: 3.4% for the question tumor tissue or not). The answer was concordant in 92.6% with a 7.4% rate of error for tumor malignancy or benignity. Exact histological concordance was 87.6%. The most frequent errors in histological typing concerned gliomas, hemangioblastomas and metastasis. Our results emphazise the reliability of intraoperative frozen sections in Neurosurgery and the importance of close collaboration between clinicians, radiologists and pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Regragui
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital des Spécialités Oto-Ophtalmologique, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
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Abstract
The human skin cancer-prone disease xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) results from a mutation in RAD30, which encodes the novel lesion bypass DNA polymerase eta. XPV cells are characterized by delayed completion of DNA replication and increased mutagenesis following UV irradiation. In cell-free extracts of XPV lymphoblasts, functional DNA polymerase eta is required for the complete replication of a double-stranded plasmid containing either a single (6-4) photoproduct or a cyclobutane pyrimidine dime(CPD), the major mutagenic UV-induced lesion. In cultured XPV cells, replication arrest activates downstream signalling pathways, leading to hyperphosphorylation of the 34-kDa subunit of the trimeric single-stranded DNA-binding protein, RPA (replication protein A). Many of the RAD30 mutations identified in XPV cells result in truncation and inactivation of DNA polymerase eta. To examine whether polymorphisms in the RAD30 gene that result in altered polymerase eta function, rather than enzyme inactivation, might contribute to individual susceptibility to skin cancer, methods to screen for sequence changes in the RAD30 gene in human genomic DNAhave been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Carty
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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