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Selvamani M, Kesavan A, Arulraj A, Ramamurthy PC, Rahaman M, Pandiaraj S, Thiruvengadam M, Sacari Sacari EJ, Limache Sandoval EM, Viswanathan MR. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Flower-like MnMoO 4 Nanostructures and Their Photocatalytic Performance. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1451. [PMID: 38611966 PMCID: PMC11012821 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This article describes an affordable method for the synthesis of MnMoO4 nanoflowers through the microwave synthesis approach. By manipulating the reaction parameters like solvent, pH, microwave power, and irradiation duration along this pathway, various nanostructures can be acquired. The synthesized nanoflowers were analyzed by using a powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) to determine their crystalline nature, morphological and functional group, and optical properties, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed for the examination of elemental composition and chemical states by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the investigations demonstrated that the MnMoO4 nanostructures with good crystallinity and distinct shape were formed successfully. The synthesized MnMoO4 nanoflowers were tested for their efficiency as a photocatalyst in the degradation studies of methylene blue (MB) as model organic contaminants in an aqueous medium under visible light, which showed their photocatalytic activity with a degradation of 85%. Through the band position calculations using the electronegative value of MnMoO4, the photocatalytic mechanism of the nanostructures was proposed. The results indicated that the effective charge separation, and transfer mechanisms, in addition to the flower-like shape, were responsible for the photocatalytic performance. The stability of the recovered photocatalyst was examined through its recyclability in the degradation of MB. Leveraging MnMoO4's photocatalytic properties, future studies may focus on scaling up these processes for practical and large-scale environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthamizh Selvamani
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Arulvarman Kesavan
- Department of Physics & Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunachalam Arulraj
- Departamento de Electricidad, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana (UTEM), Macul, Santiago 7800002, Chile;
| | - Praveen C. Ramamurthy
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India;
| | - Mostafizur Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saravanan Pandiaraj
- Department of Self-Development Skills, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Elisban Juani Sacari Sacari
- Centro de Energías Renovables de Tacna, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Avenida Miraflores S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Tacna 23003, Peru;
| | - Elmer Marcial Limache Sandoval
- Grupo de Investigación HIDROCIENCIA, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada de Tacna, Av. Jorge Basadre Grohmann S/N Pocollay, Tacna 23003, Peru
| | - Mangalaraja Ramalinga Viswanathan
- Faulty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago 7941169, Chile;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
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Benedict A, Suresh V, Selvamani M, Jayaraman S, Hussein MA. Merremia emarginata Extract Potentiates the Inhibition of Human Colon Cancer Cells (HT-29) via the Modulation of Caspase-3/Bcl-2-Mediated Pathways. Cureus 2024; 16:e56300. [PMID: 38629020 PMCID: PMC11019472 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigates Merremia emarginata's curative effectiveness against colon cancer cells. M. emarginata, often known as Elika jemudu, is a Convolvulaceae family plant. The inhibitory ability of anticancer herbal extracts against cancer cell growth and mediators is tested. Aim This study aims to evaluate the potent anticancer activity of M. emarginata against colon cancer cell line (HT-29). Materials and methods M. emarginata leaves were gathered and processed using solvent extraction. Anticancer activity on colon cancer cells was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and cysteine aspartic acid protease-3 (caspase 3), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) mRNA expressions. The data was reported as the mean ± SD of three separate experiments done in triplicate. The statistical analysis was carried out using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with a p-value less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Results The cell viability test showed a gradual decrease in cell growth and proliferation as the concentration increased. The ethanolic extract of M. emarginata was found to be cytotoxic against colon caller cell lines. The extract was able to induce apoptosis of cancer as revealed by Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and caspase-3 (p<0.05 and p<0.001) signaling pathways. Conclusion M. emarginata extracts showed good anticancer activity against colon cancer cell lines. Further work is required to establish and identify the chemical constituent responsible for its anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Benedict
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Muthamizh Selvamani
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Mohammed Asif Hussein
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Thalir S, Celshia Susai S, Selvamani M, Suresh V, Sethuraman S, Ramalingam K. Sensing of Quercetin With Cobalt-Doped Manganese Nanosystems by Electrochemical Method. Cureus 2024; 16:e56665. [PMID: 38646311 PMCID: PMC11032413 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pressing need for precise, quick, and affordable detection of diverse biomolecules has led to notable developments in the realm of biosensors. Quercetin, a biomolecule rich in flavonoids predominantly found in our diet, is sensed by the electrochemical method. The electrochemical properties show remarkable improvement when Mn2O3 (MO) is doped with cobalt (Co). Aim: This study aimed to investigate the biomolecule sensing of quercetin using Co-doped MO by electrochemical method. Materials and methods: Co-doped MO nanospheres were prepared by hydrothermal method. The crystal structure of the synthesized material was evaluated by using X-ray diffraction analysis. The sample morphology was assessed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques. The cyclic voltammetry technique was used for the detection of quercetin biomolecules. Results: The synthesized Co-doped MO appeared to be spherical in morphology in FE-SEM. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the only presence of Co, Mn, and O, which confirmed the purity of the sample. The modified electrode sensed the biomolecule with a higher current of 7.35 µA than the bare glassy carbon electrode of 6.1 µA. CONCLUSION The Co-doped MO exhibited enhanced conductivity, reactivity, and electrochemical performance. This tailored approach will help in the optimization of material properties toward specific biomolecule sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree Thalir
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sherin Celshia Susai
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Muthamizh Selvamani
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Medical Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sathya Sethuraman
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Shakthi A, Linoj J, Suresh V, Hussein MA, Selvamani M. Evaluation of Antibacterial and Anti-oxidant Activities of Suaeda monoica Extract for Its Potential Application. Cureus 2024; 16:e53091. [PMID: 38414694 PMCID: PMC10897944 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An assessment of Suaeda monoica extract's antimicrobial and antioxidant properties was undertaken in light of its possible application as an oral care product. The maintenance of optimal dental health is just as important as overall wellness. Food particles become trapped in the mouth cavity, making it easy for oral bacteria to infect. AIM The study sought to ascertain the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of salt marsh Suaeda monoica extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS Leaves of Suaeda monoica, collected, dried and powdered, were dissolved in 70% methanol and the extract of 25-100 μg/ml was analyzed for antioxidant activity through total antioxidant assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and total reducing power. Suaeda monoica antibacterial activity was also performed and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for 75 μg/ml, 100μg/ml, and 150 μg/ml concentrations and tetracycline in 10mcg/disc as a control against three different oral pathogens: Staphylococcus mutans, Streptococcus aureus, and Klebsiella spp. RESULTS At varying concentrations of 75 mg/ml to 150 mg/ml, Suaeda monoica extracts are efficacious with varying concentrations against the investigated bacterial strains. In the present study, in the DPPH assay, total reducing power, and total antioxidant activity assay, there was an increase in inhibitory percentage as the concentration increased from 25-100 µg/ml, showing maximum inhibition at 100 µg/ml concentration. CONCLUSION The results of the investigation show that Suaeda monoica has significant antibacterial and antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner and can be potentially used as an oral care agent after it is assessed for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitha Shakthi
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Joseph Linoj
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Mohammed Asif Hussein
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Muthamizh Selvamani
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Vinoth V, Kaimal R, Selvamani M, Michael R, Pugazhenthiran N, Mangalaraja RV, Valdés H, Anandan S. Synergistic impact of nanoarchitectured GQDs-AgNCs(APTS) modified glassy carbon electrode in the electrochemical detection of guanine and adenine. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Sahoo SR, Nandini DB, Basandi PS, Selvamani M, Donoghue M. A Comparison of Pre- and Postbreakfast Tooth Brushing in Caries Prevention through the Estimation of Streptococcus mutans Counts: A Prospective Clinical and Microbiological Study. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2022; 10:168-173. [PMID: 36687322 PMCID: PMC9846921 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_90_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of prebreakfast tooth brushing (PrBTB) and postbreakfast tooth brushing (PoBTB) with or without a prebrushing rinse in caries prevention through the estimation of Streptococcus mutans count. Materials and Methods Sixty consenting dental students were divided into three age-matched groups of 20 each and instructed to follow prebreakfast, postbreakfast tooth brushing, and prebreakfast rinsing plus PoBTB using the Bass technique. Plaque samples were collected at the start and at the end of every quarter for a total of 6 quarters (18 months) for the evaluation of S. mutans colony-forming unit (CFU) counts. The decayed missing filled surface (DMFS) index of participants was also recorded and compared at the beginning and end of the study period. Results The post-breakfast tooth brushing group with pre-breakfast rinse (RPoBTB) and without pre-breakfast rinse (PoBTB) showed a highly significant reduction in total S. mutans CFU counts per ml (38% and 29% respectively) at the end of the study. The changes in DMFS value were not significant and did not show any correlation with the S. mutans counts. Conclusion Our study revealed that PoBTB with or without a prebreakfast rinse reduces the total counts of the cariogenic bacteria S. mutans more efficiently than PrBTB. Although further proof in the form of clinical trials is essential, this study provides the proof of concept for a minor change in the tooth brushing habit, which can significantly enhance caries prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Dentistry, PRM Medical College and Hospital, Baripada, Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Sujit Ranjan Sahoo, Department of Dentistry, PRM Medical College and Hospital, Baripada, Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India. E-mail:
| | - D. B. Nandini
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dental College, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Praveen S. Basandi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, India
| | - M. Selvamani
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Union Territory of Puducherry, India
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Shivakumar HG, Nandini DB, Mohan Kumar KP, Selvamani M, Priya NK, Madhushankari GS. Cheiloscopy and dermatoglyphics in normal and obese individuals: A study in Indian subpopulation. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021; 25:61-67. [PMID: 34349413 PMCID: PMC8272508 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_228_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of obesity has been steadily increasing worldwide. Reliable and noninvasive tools that can be used to diagnose such conditions may help us in mass screening and prevention. Finger prints and lip prints have been used as the genetic markers in some diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Studies to correlate a possible association of such markers among obese individuals have not been reported in India to date. The present study was conducted to determine and compare the lip print and finger print patterns in normal and obese individuals and also to evaluate any possible correlation between the lip prints and finger prints in both the study groups. Methodology Lip and finger print patterns of 100 obese and equal number of age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were analyzed. Right thumb, right index, left thumb and left index finger prints were evaluated. Gender-wise comparison was also made. Results Lip prints revealed no significant difference between obese and nonobese individuals. Predominant Type I lip print was observed in both the study groups. Comparison of finger prints between obese and nonobese individuals revealed a highly significant results for all the fingers. Predominant finger print patterns in the right thumb, right index, left thumb and left index among obese individuals were whorl (51%), loop (83%), whorl (79%) and arch (74%), respectively. No correlation between the lip prints and finger prints was noted. Conclusion Finger prints in the obese individuals showed significant differences when compared to the normal controls while lip prints failed to reveal any significant difference. Lip prints did not correlate with the finger prints. Right thumb revealed a significant gender difference among obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosmath G Shivakumar
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Chalakkara, Pallor, Mahe, Union Territory of Puducherry, India
| | - D B Nandini
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dental College, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - K P Mohan Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Chalakkara, Pallor, Mahe, Union Territory of Puducherry, India
| | - N K Priya
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - G S Madhushankari
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Feroz A, Mohammed Feroz TP, Bastian TS, Selvamani M. Telepathology: An update on applications, latest advances, and current status in Indian scenario. J Cancer Res Ther 2020; 16:703-707. [PMID: 32930106 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_477_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Pathologists have been using their tool of trade, "the microscope," since the early 17th century, but now diagnostic pathology or tissue-based diagnosis is characterized by its high specificity and sensitivity. Technological telecommunication advances have revolutionized the face of medicine, and in pursuit of better health-care delivery, telepathology has emerged. Telepathology is the practice of diagnostic pathology performed at a distance, with images viewed on a video monitor rather than directly through the (light) microscope. This article aims to provide an overview of the field, including specific applications, practice, benefits, limitations, regulatory issues, latest advances, and a perspective on the current status of telepathology in Indian scenario based on literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeesha Feroz
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Periodontics, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Mahe, Puducherry, India
| | - T P Mohammed Feroz
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Periodontics, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Mahe, Puducherry, India
| | - T S Bastian
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Periodontics, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Mahe, Puducherry, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Mahe, Puducherry, India
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Anjali K, Arun AB, Bastian TS, Parthiban R, Selvamani M, Adarsh H. Oral microbial profile in oral cancer patients before and after radiation therapy in a cancer care center - A prospective study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2020; 24:117-124. [PMID: 32508459 PMCID: PMC7269272 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_213_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer reported worldwide. In many cases, the level of aggressiveness of therapy adopted in cancer patients may cause the alteration in oral microbiota; the emergence of potential pathogens may cause opportunistic infections in already immune-compromised individuals leading to increases in morbidity and mortality. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the oral microbial profile in oral cancer patients before and after radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: A total of 145 oral swabs were collected before radiotherapy (n = 96), 3 months postradiotherapy (n = 25), 6 months postradiotherapy (n = 12) and controls (n = 12). The samples were inoculated into brain–heart infusion broth and later in different media for bacterial isolation. The isolates were subjected to phenotypic characterization by automatic identification system. Results: Among the 96 samples studied from the preradiotherapy patient samples, Streptococcus species (n = 28) were the predominant isolate, followed by Staphylococcus species (n = 16), Enterobacter species (n = 6) and Enterococcus species (n = 6). Of the 25 samples studied 3 months after radiotherapy, Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 4) was isolated and 12 samples studied after 6 months of radiotherapy Candida species (n = 4) and Pediococcus species (n = 3) were isolated. Among the control group (n = 12) screened, Streptococcus acidominimus (n = 3) is the predominant bacteria isolated. Conclusion: High prevalence of Streptococcus sp. was found in patients of oral cancer before radiotherapy, while Candida albicans and Klebsiella species and Pediococcus species are the significant pathogens isolated in postradiotherapy cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Anjali
- Department of Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | - A B Arun
- Department of Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - T S Bastian
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | - R Parthiban
- Department of Microbiology, Malabar Cancer Center, Thalassery, Kerala, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | - H Adarsh
- Department of Dentistry, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Puneeth KH, Nandini DB, Praveen SB, Selvamani M, Mandana D. A comparative study of efficacy of single rooted and double rooted teeth in age estimation using dentin translucency. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2016; 34:1-10. [PMID: 28520559 PMCID: PMC6035761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among various methods of age estimation using dental tissues, measurement of root dentin translucency (RDT) is said to be the most accurate. Numerous studies have estimated age by measuring RDT in single and double rooted teeth and have shown conflicting results. Only few studies have compared efficacy of using single and double rooted teeth for RDT measurement in age estimation. AIM To analyze the efficacy of single rooted teeth (SRT) and double rooted teeth (DRT) for measurement of sclerotic dentin (SD) and age estimation. METHOD Study was conducted on 120 freshly extracted SR and DR teeth with 60 teeth in each group. Ground sections of 150 µ thickness were observed under stereomicroscope and photographed. The sclerotic dentin length was measured on the images captured using image analysis software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The present study did not reveal significant difference (p = 0.012) between SRT and DRT when RDT was used for age estimation. However DRT provided more accurate age estimation than SRT with less mean age difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Puneeth
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, St Joseph Dental College, India
| | - D B Nandini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Sciences, India
| | - S B Praveen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Sciences, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Sciences, India
| | - D Mandana
- Independent Consultancy in Oral Pathology, India
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Shruthi BS, Donoghue M, Selvamani M, Kumar PV. Comparison of the validity of two dental age estimation methods: A study on South Indian population. J Forensic Dent Sci 2016; 7:189-94. [PMID: 26814052 PMCID: PMC4714406 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1475.172431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Forensic odontologists are often confronted with the problem of estimating age for the identification of unknown bodies or skeletal remains of accidents, crimes and disaster victims. Teeth have the benefit of being preserved long after other tissues have disintegrated and present the only means for age estimation. Different techniques have been published for dental age estimation with variable accuracy, precision and reliability. The search for optimal method by forensic odontologists has continued over the years until the present day. Aim: The present study was aimed at evaluating and comparing the accuracy of age estimation using translucent dentin and cemental annulations. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 freshly extracted teeth were obtained and longitudinal ground sections were prepared. The length of the translucent dentin was measured and cemental annulations were counted in each section and the age was calculated separately for both the methods. Results and Conclusion: The present study suggests that both the methods are reliable in the middle age groups; whereas the large error obtained in the extreme age groups indicate that translucent dentin method should be preferred in older age group and cemental annulations method in the younger age group before the formation of translucent dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Shruthi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavarm, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mandana Donoghue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - P Vinodh Kumar
- Department of Pedodontics, Sri Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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12
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Donoghue M, Basandi PS, Adarsh H, Madhushankari GS, Selvamani M, Nayak P. Habit-associated salivary pH changes in oral submucous fibrosis-A controlled cross-sectional study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2015; 19:175-81. [PMID: 26604493 PMCID: PMC4611925 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.164529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a multi-causal inflammatory reaction to the chemical or mechanical trauma caused due to exposure to arecanut containing products with or without tobacco (ANCP/T). Arecanut and additional components such as lime and chewing tobacco render ANCP/T highly alkaline. Fibrosing repair is a common reaction to an alkaline exposure in the skin. OSF may be related to the alkaline exposure by ANCP/T in a similar manner. Aims: The study was aimed at establishing the relationship of habit-associated salivary pH changes and OSF. Settings and Design: The study design was controlled cross-sectional. Materials and Methods: Base line salivary pH (BLS pH), salivary pH after chewing the habitual ANCP/T substance, post chew salivary pH (PCSpH) for 2 min and salivary pH recovery time (SpHRT) were compared in 30 OSF patients and 30 sex-matched individuals with ANCP/T habits and apparently healthy oral mucosa. Results: The group's mean BLSpH values were similar and within normal range and representative of the population level values. The average PCSpH was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.0001) than the average BLSpH in both groups. There was no significant difference (P = 0.09) between PCSpH of OSF patients and controls. OSF patients had a significantly longer (P = 0.0076) SpHRT than controls. Factors such as age, daily exposure, cumulative habit years, BLSpH and PCSpH, had varying effects on the groups. Conclusions: Chewing ANCP/T causes a significant rise in salivary pH of all individuals. SpHRT has a significant association with OSF. The effect of salivary changes in OSF patients differs with those in healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Donoghue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen S Basandi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - H Adarsh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - G S Madhushankari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Prachi Nayak
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
Osseous choristoma is a normal bone tissue in an ectopic position. These are slow growing lesions that are usually completely asymptomatic and only present when there is a disruption in the function of the organ due to its large size as it grows. Definitive diagnosis is obtained only after the histopathological examination. The etiology remains still questionable. The treatment of choice is surgical excision. Here we report a case of choristoma in the lower labial mucosa in a 47-year-old female.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Bastian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Science and Hospital Mahe, U.T. of Puducherry, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Science and Hospital Mahe, U.T. of Puducherry, India
| | - S Ashwin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Science and Hospital Mahe, U.T. of Puducherry, India
| | - V K Rahul
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Science and Hospital Mahe, U.T. of Puducherry, India
| | - Maria Bobby Cyriac
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Science and Hospital Mahe, U.T. of Puducherry, India
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14
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Yamunadevi A, Selvamani M, Vinitha V, Srivandhana R, Balakrithiga M, Prabhu S, Ganapathy N. Clinical evaluation of nonsyndromic dental anomalies in Dravidian population: A cluster sample analysis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015; 7:S499-503. [PMID: 26538906 PMCID: PMC4606648 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.163517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To record the prevalence rate of dental anomalies in Dravidian population and analyze the percentage of individual anomalies in the population. METHODOLOGY A cluster sample analysis was done, where 244 subjects studying in a dental institution were all included and analyzed for occurrence of dental anomalies by clinical examination, excluding third molars from analysis. RESULTS 31.55% of the study subjects had dental anomalies and shape anomalies were more prevalent (22.1%), followed by size (8.6%), number (3.2%) and position anomalies (0.4%). Retained deciduous was seen in 1.63%. Among the individual anomalies, Talon's cusp (TC) was seen predominantly (14.34%), followed by microdontia (6.6%) and supernumerary cusps (5.73%). CONCLUSION Prevalence rate of dental anomalies in the Dravidian population is 31.55% in the present study, exclusive of third molars. Shape anomalies are more common, and TC is the most commonly noted anomaly. Varying prevalence rate is reported in different geographical regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andamuthu Yamunadevi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengo, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Science and Hospital, Mahe, U.T. of Puducherry, India
| | - V Vinitha
- Undergraduate Dental student, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Srivandhana
- Undergraduate Dental student, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Balakrithiga
- Undergraduate Dental student, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Prabhu
- Department of Community Dentistry, Chettinad Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Ganapathy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengo, Tamil Nadu, India
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15
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Selvamani M, Yamunadevi A, Basandi PS, Madhushankari GS. Prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma of tongue in and around Davangere, Karnataka, India: A retrospective study over 13 years. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015; 7:S491-4. [PMID: 26538904 PMCID: PMC4606646 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.163511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim was to determine the frequency and distribution of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) involving tongue among patients by studying biopsy specimens obtained from the archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India, during the past 13 years. Methodology: Data for the study were retrieved from the case records of patients. Analyzed clinical variables included age, sex, anatomical site, and histological diagnosis. Results: Of the 369 squamous cell carcinoma involving head and neck region, we found 52 biopsies reported exclusively involving tongue. Lateral border of the tongue was most commonly involved (43 cases, 82.7%), followed by base of tongue and posterior part of tongue. The patient were affected over a wide range of 27–80 years with mean age of 55.75 years and peak incidence was seen in the fourth and fifth decades of life, with the male: female ratio of 1.7:1. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of OSCC involving tongue showed a definite geographic variation when compared with a study done in other parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Selvamani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Science and Hospital, Mahe, Puducherry, India
| | - Andamuthu Yamunadevi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Praveen S Basandi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - G S Madhushankari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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16
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Madhushankari GS, Yamunadevi A, Selvamani M, Mohan Kumar KP, Basandi PS. Halitosis - An overview: Part-I - Classification, etiology, and pathophysiology of halitosis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015; 7:S339-43. [PMID: 26538874 PMCID: PMC4606616 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.163441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Halitosis is a condition where the breath is altered in an unpleasant manner for the affected individuals and impairs them socially as well as psychologically. Halitosis can be clinically classified as real halitosis, pseudohalitosis, and halitophobia. Real halitosis has oral and extra-oral etiologies and the pathophysiology involves interaction of anaerobic microbes (mainly) with the proteins present in the oral cavity fluids and contents, resulting in production of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). These VSCs, beyond responsible for halitosis, can also initiate and accelerate periodontal disease progression. Thus, this review is about the pathophysiology and various etiologies of halitosis, the knowledge of which can help in the betterment of treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Madhushankari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Andamuthu Yamunadevi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Science and Hospital, Mahe, U.T. of Puducherry, India
| | - K P Mohan Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen S Basandi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Shruthi AS, Nagaveni NB, Poornima P, Selvamani M, Madhushankari GS, Subba Reddy VV. Comparative evaluation of microleakage of conventional and modifications of glass ionomer cement in primary teeth: An in vitro study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2015; 33:279-84. [PMID: 26381628 DOI: 10.4103/0970-4388.165662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to evaluate the microleakage among conventional, resin modified glass ionomer cements (GIC), and compomer cements in primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five over retained non carious primary molars beyond exfoliation time were collected and randomly divided into three groups (n = 15). Group A: GC Fuji II; Group B: Vitremer; Group C: Compoglass F. A standard Class V cavity was prepared on the buccal surface of each tooth with no mechanical retention and restored accordingly. Then all the samples were subjected to thermocycling for 250 cycles at different temperatures and covered with nail varnish. Later, samples were immersed in 0.5% methylene blue dye for 24 h. Teeth were sectioned buccolingually through the center of the restoration and studied under a stereomicroscope for dye penetration. Data obtained were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS Samples restored with vitremer showed comparatively higher microleakage than the samples in other groups. However, overall there were no significant difference between the microleakage scores of the samples in all three groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION It can be concluded that none of the three GICs was free from microleakage. Hence, further research is required to compare microleakage of the newer material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N B Nagaveni
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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18
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Nandini DB, Deepak BS, Selvamani M, Puneeth HK. Diagnostic dilemma of a double tooth: a rare case report and review. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:271-2. [PMID: 24596793 PMCID: PMC3939503 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/6556.3928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Gemination or Schizodontism is a developmental anomaly affecting the tooth shape which is often confused with fusion. It affects primary dentition more often than permanent. It is a rare occurrence in the posterior teeth. Its etiology, pathogenesis, prevalence, differential diagnosis and management are discussed and a rare case of gemination of maxillary premolar is reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Nandini
- Professor, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere , Karnataka State, India
| | - B S Deepak
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College & Hospital , Karnataka State, India
| | - M Selvamani
- Reader, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Sciences , Karnataka State, India
| | - H K Puneeth
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, St Joseph Dental College , Eluru, Andra Pradesh, India
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Donoghue M, Selvamani M, Mohan K, Basandi P, Ramakrishna A, Joshi M, Siva K. Biologic Consequences of Incisional Biopsy on the Primary Tumor. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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