1
|
Chi Z, Lee S, Yang H, Dolan E, Safeer CK, Ingla-Aynés J, Herling F, Ontoso N, Martín-García B, Gobbi M, Low T, Hueso LE, Casanova F. Control of Charge-Spin Interconversion in van der Waals Heterostructures with Chiral Charge Density Waves. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2310768. [PMID: 38237911 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
A charge density wave (CDW) represents an exotic state in which electrons are arranged in a long-range ordered pattern in low-dimensional materials. Although the understanding of the fundamental character of CDW is enriched after extensive studies, its practical application remains limited. Here, an unprecedented demonstration of a tunable charge-spin interconversion (CSI) in graphene/1T-TaS2 van der Waals heterostructures is shown by manipulating the distinct CDW phases in 1T-TaS2. Whereas CSI from spins polarized in all three directions is observed in the heterostructure when the CDW phase does not show commensurability, the output of one of the components disappears, and the other two are enhanced when the CDW phase becomes commensurate. The experimental observation is supported by first-principles calculations, which evidence that chiral CDW multidomains in the heterostructure are at the origin of the switching of CSI. The results uncover a new approach for on-demand CSI in low-dimensional systems, paving the way for advanced spin-orbitronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Chi
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Seungjun Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Haozhe Yang
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Eoin Dolan
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - C K Safeer
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Josep Ingla-Aynés
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Franz Herling
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Nerea Ontoso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Marco Gobbi
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Basque Country, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-EHU/UPV) and Materials Physics Center (MPC), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Tony Low
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Fèlix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Basque Country, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yin T, Xu L, Gil B, Merali N, Sokolikova MS, Gaboriau DCA, Liu DSK, Muhammad Mustafa AN, Alodan S, Chen M, Txoperena O, Arrastua M, Gomez JM, Ontoso N, Elicegui M, Torres E, Li D, Mattevi C, Frampton AE, Jiao LR, Ramadan S, Klein N. Graphene Sensor Arrays for Rapid and Accurate Detection of Pancreatic Cancer Exosomes in Patients' Blood Plasma Samples. ACS Nano 2023; 17:14619-14631. [PMID: 37470391 PMCID: PMC10416564 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors based on graphene field effect transistors (GFETs) have the potential to enable the development of point-of-care diagnostic tools for early stage disease detection. However, issues with reproducibility and manufacturing yields of graphene sensors, but also with Debye screening and unwanted detection of nonspecific species, have prevented the wider clinical use of graphene technology. Here, we demonstrate that our wafer-scalable GFETs array platform enables meaningful clinical results. As a case study of high clinical relevance, we demonstrate an accurate and robust portable GFET array biosensor platform for the detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in patients' plasma through specific exosomes (GPC-1 expression) within 45 min. In order to facilitate reproducible detection in blood plasma, we optimized the analytical performance of GFET biosensors via the application of an internal control channel and the development of an optimized test protocol. Based on samples from 18 PDAC patients and 8 healthy controls, the GFET biosensor arrays could accurately discriminate between the two groups while being able to detect early cancer stages including stages 1 and 2. Furthermore, we confirmed the higher expression of GPC-1 and found that the concentration in PDAC plasma was on average more than 1 order of magnitude higher than in healthy samples. We found that these characteristics of GPC-1 cancerous exosomes are responsible for an increase in the number of target exosomes on the surface of graphene, leading to an improved signal response of the GFET biosensors. This GFET biosensor platform holds great promise for the development of an accurate tool for the rapid diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yin
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Lizhou Xu
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- ZJU-Hangzhou
Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Bruno Gil
- Hamlyn
Centre, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Nabeel Merali
- Oncology
Section, Surrey Cancer Research Institute, Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine, FHMS, University
of Surrey, The Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, U.K.
- HPB
Surgical Unit, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, U.K.
- Minimal Access
Therapy Training Unit (MATTU), University
of Surrey, The Leggett
Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, U.K.
| | | | - David C. A. Gaboriau
- Facility
for Imaging By Light Microscopy, Imperial
College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Daniel S. K. Liu
- Department
of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College
London, Hammersmith Hospital
Campus, London W12 0NN, U.K.
- HPB
Surgical Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith
Hospital, London W12 0HS, U.K.
| | - Ahmad Nizamuddin Muhammad Mustafa
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- FTKEE,
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Alodan
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Michael Chen
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Oihana Txoperena
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - María Arrastua
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Gomez
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Nerea Ontoso
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Marta Elicegui
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Elias Torres
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Danyang Li
- Research
Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Cecilia Mattevi
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Adam E. Frampton
- Oncology
Section, Surrey Cancer Research Institute, Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine, FHMS, University
of Surrey, The Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, U.K.
- HPB
Surgical Unit, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, U.K.
- Minimal Access
Therapy Training Unit (MATTU), University
of Surrey, The Leggett
Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, U.K.
- Department
of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College
London, Hammersmith Hospital
Campus, London W12 0NN, U.K.
| | - Long R. Jiao
- Department
of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College
London, Hammersmith Hospital
Campus, London W12 0NN, U.K.
| | - Sami Ramadan
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Norbert Klein
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang H, Ormaza M, Chi Z, Dolan E, Ingla-Aynés J, Safeer CK, Herling F, Ontoso N, Gobbi M, Martín-García B, Schiller F, Hueso LE, Casanova F. Gate-Tunable Spin Hall Effect in an All-Light-Element Heterostructure: Graphene with Copper Oxide. Nano Lett 2023; 23:4406-4414. [PMID: 37140909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a light material for long-distance spin transport due to its low spin-orbit coupling, which at the same time is the main drawback for exhibiting a sizable spin Hall effect. Decoration by light atoms has been predicted to enhance the spin Hall angle in graphene while retaining a long spin diffusion length. Here, we combine a light metal oxide (oxidized Cu) with graphene to induce the spin Hall effect. Its efficiency, given by the product of the spin Hall angle and the spin diffusion length, can be tuned with the Fermi level position, exhibiting a maximum (1.8 ± 0.6 nm at 100 K) around the charge neutrality point. This all-light-element heterostructure shows a larger efficiency than conventional spin Hall materials. The gate-tunable spin Hall effect is observed up to room temperature. Our experimental demonstration provides an efficient spin-to-charge conversion system free from heavy metals and compatible with large-scale fabrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Yang
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maider Ormaza
- Departamento de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física Química y Tecnología Facultad de Químicas, UPV/EHU, 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Zhendong Chi
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Eoin Dolan
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Josep Ingla-Aynés
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - C K Safeer
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Franz Herling
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Nerea Ontoso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Marco Gobbi
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-EHU/UPV) and Materials Physics Center (MPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Frederik Schiller
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-EHU/UPV) and Materials Physics Center (MPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Fèlix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Silvestri A, Zayas-Arrabal J, Vera-Hidalgo M, Di Silvio D, Wetzl C, Martinez-Moro M, Zurutuza A, Torres E, Centeno A, Maestre A, Gómez JM, Arrastua M, Elicegui M, Ontoso N, Prato M, Coluzza I, Criado A. Ultrasensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by graphene field-effect transistors. Nanoscale 2023; 15:1076-1085. [PMID: 36546457 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05103f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), originated a global health crisis, causing over 2 million casualties and altering human daily life all over the world. This pandemic emergency revealed the limitations of current diagnostic tests, highlighting the urgency to develop faster, more precise and sensitive sensors. Graphene field effect transistors (GFET) are analytical platforms that enclose all these requirements. However, the design of a sensitive and robust GFET is not a straightforward objective. In this work, we report a GFET array biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using the human membrane protein involved in the virus internalisation: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). By finely controlling the graphene functionalisation, by tuning the Debye length, and by deeply characterising the ACE2-spike protein interactions, we have been able to detect the target protein with an extremely low limit of detection (2.94 aM). This work set the basis for a new class of analytical platforms, based on human membrane proteins, with the potential to detect a broad variety of pathogens, even before their isolation, being a powerful tool in the fight against future pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Silvestri
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Julian Zayas-Arrabal
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Mariano Vera-Hidalgo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Desire Di Silvio
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Cecilia Wetzl
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marta Martinez-Moro
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Amaia Zurutuza
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU., Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Elias Torres
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU., Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alba Centeno
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU., Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Arantxa Maestre
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU., Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Gómez
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU., Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - María Arrastua
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU., Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marta Elicegui
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU., Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nerea Ontoso
- Graphenea Semiconductor SLU., Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 3412 7 Trieste, Italy
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ivan Coluzza
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Bld. Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alejandro Criado
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Universidade da Coruña, CICA - Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Safeer CK, Ingla-Aynés J, Ontoso N, Herling F, Yan W, Hueso LE, Casanova F. Spin Hall Effect in Bilayer Graphene Combined with an Insulator up to Room Temperature. Nano Lett 2020; 20:4573-4579. [PMID: 32406693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling in graphene can be enhanced by chemical functionalization, adatom decoration, or proximity with a van der Waals material. As it is expected that such enhancement gives rise to a sizable spin Hall effect, a spin-to-charge current conversion phenomenon of technological relevance, it has sparked wide research interest. However, it has only been measured in graphene/transition-metal dichalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures with limited scalability. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the spin Hall effect up to room temperature in graphene combined with a nonmagnetic insulator, an evaporated bismuth oxide layer. The measured spin Hall effect arises most likely from an extrinsic mechanism. With a large spin-to-charge conversion efficiency, scalability, and ease of integration to electronic devices, we show a promising material heterostructure suitable for spin-based device applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Safeer
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Josep Ingla-Aynés
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Nerea Ontoso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Franz Herling
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Wenjing Yan
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- School of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Fèlix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Safeer CK, Ontoso N, Ingla-Aynés J, Herling F, Pham VT, Kurzmann A, Ensslin K, Chuvilin A, Robredo I, Vergniory MG, de Juan F, Hueso LE, Calvo MR, Casanova F. Large Multidirectional Spin-to-Charge Conversion in Low-Symmetry Semimetal MoTe 2 at Room Temperature. Nano Lett 2019; 19:8758-8766. [PMID: 31661967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and versatile spin-to-charge current conversion is crucial for the development of spintronic applications, which strongly rely on the ability to electrically generate and detect spin currents. In this context, the spin Hall effect has been widely studied in heavy metals with strong spin-orbit coupling. While the high crystal symmetry in these materials limits the conversion to the orthogonal configuration, unusual configurations are expected in low-symmetry transition-metal dichalcogenide semimetals, which could add flexibility to the electrical injection and detection of pure spin currents. Here, we report the observation of spin-to-charge conversion in MoTe2 flakes, which are stacked in graphene lateral spin valves. We detect two distinct contributions arising from the conversion of two different spin orientations. In addition to the conventional conversion where the spin polarization is orthogonal to the charge current, we also detect a conversion where the spin polarization and the charge current are parallel. Both contributions, which could arise either from bulk spin Hall effect or surface Edelstein effect, show large efficiencies comparable to the best spin Hall metals and topological insulators. Our finding enables the simultaneous conversion of spin currents with any in-plane spin polarization in one single experimental configuration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Safeer
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Nerea Ontoso
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Josep Ingla-Aynés
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Franz Herling
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Van Tuong Pham
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Annika Kurzmann
- Solid State Physics Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Klaus Ensslin
- Solid State Physics Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Andrey Chuvilin
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Iñigo Robredo
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics , University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48080 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Maia G Vergniory
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Fernando de Juan
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
| | - M Reyes Calvo
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
- Departamento de Física Aplicada , Universidad de Alicante , 03690 Alicante , Spain
| | - Fèlix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Safeer CK, Ingla-Aynés J, Herling F, Garcia JH, Vila M, Ontoso N, Calvo MR, Roche S, Hueso LE, Casanova F. Room-Temperature Spin Hall Effect in Graphene/MoS 2 van der Waals Heterostructures. Nano Lett 2019; 19:1074-1082. [PMID: 30608710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is an excellent material for long-distance spin transport but allows little spin manipulation. Transition-metal dichalcogenides imprint their strong spin-orbit coupling into graphene via the proximity effect, and it has been predicted that efficient spin-to-charge conversion due to spin Hall and Rashba-Edelstein effects could be achieved. Here, by combining Hall probes with ferromagnetic electrodes, we unambiguously demonstrate experimentally the spin Hall effect in graphene induced by MoS2 proximity and for varying temperatures up to room temperature. The fact that spin transport and the spin Hall effect occur in different parts of the same material gives rise to a hitherto unreported efficiency for the spin-to-charge voltage output. Additionally, for a single graphene/MoS2 heterostructure-based device, we evidence a superimposed spin-to-charge current conversion that can be indistinguishably associated with either the proximity-induced Rashba-Edelstein effect in graphene or the spin Hall effect in MoS2. By a comparison of our results to theoretical calculations, the latter scenario is found to be the most plausible one. Our findings pave the way toward the combination of spin information transport and spin-to-charge conversion in two-dimensional materials, opening exciting opportunities in a variety of future spintronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Safeer
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Josep Ingla-Aynés
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Franz Herling
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - José H Garcia
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) , CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Marc Vila
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) , CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Catalonia , Spain
- Department of Physics , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Nerea Ontoso
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
| | - M Reyes Calvo
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
- IKERBASQUE , Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Stephan Roche
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) , CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Catalonia , Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , 08010 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
- IKERBASQUE , Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
| | - Fèlix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian , Basque Country , Spain
- IKERBASQUE , Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Basque Country , Spain
| |
Collapse
|