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Manzemu DG, Opara JPA, Kasai ET, Mumbere M, Kampunzu VM, Likele BB, Uvoya NA, Vanzwa HM, Bukaka GM, Dady FS, Dauly NN, Belec L, Tonen-Wolyec S. Rotavirus and adenovirus infections in children with acute gastroenteritis after introducing the Rotasiil® vaccine in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297219. [PMID: 38346035 PMCID: PMC10861064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although rotavirus vaccination has reduced the global burden of the virus, morbidity and mortality from rotavirus infection remain high in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of rotavirus and adenovirus infections in children under five years with acute gastroenteritis and to identify factors associated with rotavirus infection after the introduction of the Rotasiil® vaccine in 2019 in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). METHODS This study consisted of a cross-sectional hospital-based survey conducted from May 2022 to April 2023 in four health facilities in Kisangani, using a fecal-based test (rapid antigenic immuno-chromatographic diagnostic test, BYOSYNEX adenovirus/rotavirus BSS, Biosynex SA, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France) of rotavirus and adenovirus infections among children under five years of age with acute gastroenteritis. RESULTS A total of 320 children under five years of age with acute gastroenteritis were included. The prevalence of rotavirus infection was 34.4%, that of adenovirus was 6.3%, and that of both rotavirus and adenovirus coinfection was 1.3%. The prevalence of rotavirus was significantly higher in unvaccinated children than in vaccinated children (55.4% versus 23.1%; P < 0.001). This difference was observed only in children who received all three vaccine doses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that the rate of rotavirus infection was significantly reduced in vaccinated children (adjusted OR: 0.31 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.19-0.56]; P < 0.001) and those whose mothers had an average (adjusted OR: 0.51 [95% CI: 0.25-0.91]; P = 0.018) or high level (adjusted OR: 0.34 [95% CI: 0.20-0.64]; P < 0.001) of knowledge about the rotavirus vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of rotavirus infection remains high in Kisangani despite vaccination. However, the prevalence of adenovirus infections was low in our series. Complete vaccination with three doses and mothers' average and high level of knowledge about the rotavirus vaccine significantly reduces the rate of rotavirus infection. It is, therefore, essential to strengthen the mothers' health education, continue with the Rotasiil® vaccine, and ensure epidemiological surveillance of rotavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Gbebangi Manzemu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean Pierre Alworong'a Opara
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Emmanuel Tebandite Kasai
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Mupenzi Mumbere
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Graben, Butembo, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Véronique Muyobela Kampunzu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Bibi Batoko Likele
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Naura Apio Uvoya
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bunia, Bunia, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Hortense Malikidogo Vanzwa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gaspard Mande Bukaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Falay Sadiki Dady
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nestor Ngbonda Dauly
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Laurent Belec
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, and University of Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Serge Tonen-Wolyec
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bunia, Bunia, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Kasai ET, Gulbis B, Ntukamunda JK, Bours V, Batina Agasa S, Marini Djang'eing'a R, Boemer F, Katenga Bosunga G, Ngbonda Dauly N, Sokoni Vutseme LJ, Boso Mokili B, Alworong'a Opara JP. Newborn screening for sickle cell disease in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo: an update. Hematology 2023; 28:2213043. [PMID: 37183964 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2213043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal screening is the first action necessary to identify children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and thus ensure their care. Using rapid tests to give an immediate result to families is a new resilient approach of great interest. These two aspects are essential for establishing an adequate health policy for this disease. This study was undertaken in Kisangani to update the current incidence of neonatal SCD. METHODS Heel prick blood samples of 1432 babies born from different racial groups of parents living in Kisangani were collected at birth and screened using a point of care test, i.e. the HemoTypeSCTM. RESULTS The incidence at birth was 2.2% (n = 31; 95% CI: [1.5%-3.1%]) for HbSS homozygosity and 21% (n = 303; 95% CI: [19%-23%]) for HbAS heterozygosity. Compared to a previous study in 2010; the incidence at the birth of the HbSS form has doubled, while that of the heterozygous form HbAS remained almost unchanged. The inter-ethnic incidence of HbSS among the five top-represented ethnic groups was significant (<0.001). CONCLUSION The prevalence of homozygote form has doubled compared to the 0.96% reported in 2010. Setting up a neonatal screening program and an awareness unit is necessary to assess the need for care services correctly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Tebandite Kasai
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Béatrice Gulbis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Justin Kadima Ntukamunda
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Vincent Bours
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Human Genetics, CHU of Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Salomon Batina Agasa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Roland Marini Djang'eing'a
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - François Boemer
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Human Genetics, CHU of Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gedeon Katenga Bosunga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kisangani University Clinics, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, The Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nestor Ngbonda Dauly
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - La Joie Sokoni Vutseme
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social, Administrative and Political Sciences, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Bosco Boso Mokili
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean Pierre Alworong'a Opara
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Gbebangi-Manzemu D, Kampunzu VM, Vanzwa HM, Mumbere M, Bukaka GM, Likele BB, Kasai ET, Mukinayi BM, Tonen-Wolyec S, Dauly NN, Alworong'a Opara JP. Clinical profile of children under 5 years of age with rotavirus diarrhoea in a hospital setting in Kisangani, DRC, after the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine, a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:193. [PMID: 37095482 PMCID: PMC10123467 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is one of the countries with the highest rotavirus mortality rate in the world. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features of rotavirus infection after the introduction of rotavirus vaccination of children in the city of Kisangani, DRC. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of acute diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age admitted to 4 hospitals in Kisangani, DRC. Rotavirus was detected in children's stools by an immuno-chromatographic antigenic rapid diagnostic test. RESULTS A total of 165 children under 5 years of age were included in the study. We obtained 59 cases of rotavirus infection, or 36% CI95 [27, 45]. The majority of children with rotavirus infection were unvaccinated (36 cases) and had watery diarrhoea (47 cases), of high frequency per day/per admission 9.6 ± 3.4 and accompanied by severe dehydration (30 cases). A statistically significant difference in mean Vesikari score was observed between unvaccinated and vaccinated children (12.7 vs 10.7 p-value 0.024). CONCLUSION Rotavirus infection in hospitalized children under 5 years of age is characterized by a severe clinical manifestation. Epidemiological surveillance is needed to identify risk factors associated with the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Gbebangi-Manzemu
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
| | - Véronique Muyobela Kampunzu
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Hortense Malikidogo Vanzwa
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Mupenzi Mumbere
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Graben, Butembo, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gaspard Mande Bukaka
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Bibi Batoko Likele
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Emmanuel Tebandite Kasai
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Benoit Mbiya Mukinayi
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mbujimayi, Mbuji-Mayi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Serge Tonen-Wolyec
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bunia, Bunia, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nestor Ngbonda Dauly
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean Pierre Alworong'a Opara
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Kasai ET, Boemer F, Djang’eing’a RM, Ntokumunda JK, Agasa SB, Dauly NN, Opara JPA. Systematic Screening of Neonatal Sickle Cell Disease with HemoTypeSC<sup>TM</sup> Kit-Test: Case Study and Literature Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/ojbd.2020.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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