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McEwen FS, El Khatib H, Hadfield K, Pluess K, Chehade N, Bosqui T, Skavenski S, Murray L, Weierstall-Pust R, Karam E, Pluess M. Feasibility and acceptability of phone-delivered psychological therapy for refugee children and adolescents in a humanitarian setting. Confl Health 2024; 18:7. [PMID: 38218936 PMCID: PMC10787498 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-023-00565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refugee children are at high risk of mental health problems but face barriers to accessing mental health services, a problem exacerbated by a shortage of mental health professionals. Having trained lay counsellors deliver therapy via telephone could overcome these barriers. This is the first study to explore feasibility and acceptability of telephone-delivered therapy with refugee children in a humanitarian setting. METHODS An evidence-based intervention, Common Elements Treatment Approach, was adapted for telephone-delivery (t-CETA) and delivered by lay counsellors to Syrian refugee children in informal tented settlements in the Beqaa region of Lebanon. Following delivery of t-CETA, semi-structured interviews were conducted with counsellors (N = 3) and with children who received t-CETA (N = 11, 45% female, age 8-17 years) and their caregivers (N = 11, 100% female, age 29-56 years) (N = 25 interviews). Thematic content analysis was conducted separately for interviews with counsellors and interviews with families and results were synthesized. RESULTS Three themes emerged from interviews with counsellors and four themes from interviews with families, with substantial overlap between them. Synthesized themes were: counselling over the phone both solves and creates practical and logistical challenges; t-CETA is adapted to potential cultural blocks; the relationship between the counsellor and the child and caregiver is extremely important; the family's attitude to mental health influences their understanding of and engagement with counselling; and t-CETA works and is needed. Counselling over the phone overcame logistical barriers, such as poor transportation, and cultural barriers, such as stigma associated with attending mental health services. It provided a more flexible and accessible service and resulted in reductions in symptoms for many children. Challenges included access to phones and poor network coverage, finding an appropriate space, and communication challenges over the phone. CONCLUSIONS Despite some challenges, telephone-delivered therapy for children shows promising evidence of feasibility and acceptability in a humanitarian context and has the potential to increase access to mental health services by hard-to-reach populations. Approaches to addressing challenges of telephone-delivered therapy are discussed. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03887312; registered 22nd March 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona S McEwen
- Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Behavioural Science, G.E. Fogg Building, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK
- Department of War Studies, King's College London, Strand, London, UK
| | - Hania El Khatib
- Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Behavioural Science, G.E. Fogg Building, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK
| | - Kristin Hadfield
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen Pluess
- Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Behavioural Science, G.E. Fogg Building, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK
| | | | - Tania Bosqui
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Psychology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Laura Murray
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Elie Karam
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care, Achrafieh, St. George Hospital Street, Beirut, Lebanon
- Saint Georges Hospital University Medical Center, Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon
- Saint Georges University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Michael Pluess
- Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Behavioural Science, G.E. Fogg Building, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK.
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
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Bosqui T, McEwen FS, Chehade N, Moghames P, Skavenski S, Murray L, Karam E, Weierstall-Pust R, Pluess M. What drives change in children receiving telephone-delivered Common Elements Treatment Approach (t-CETA)? A multiple n = 1 study with Syrian refugee children and adolescents in Lebanon. Child Abuse Negl 2023:106388. [PMID: 37612204 PMCID: PMC10879464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the evidence-base for mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) interventions in humanitarian settings is growing rapidly, their mechanisms of change remain poorly understood despite the potential to improve the effectiveness and reach of interventions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the mechanisms or factors that drive change in a modular transdiagnostic telephone-delivered mental health intervention, Common Elements Treatment Approach (t-CETA). PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Participants were Syrian refugee children and adolescents living in tented settlements in Lebanon. METHODS We used a multiple n = 1 design, drawing on secondary data from 9 children who completed t-CETA during a pilot randomized controlled trial. RESULTS Children with historical war-related trauma were more likely to show significant improvement across symptom clusters by the end of treatment compared to children presenting with depression related to daily living conditions. Children also showed fluctuating symptoms during the early stages of treatment (engagement and cognitive restructuring) but significant decline in symptoms after the trauma module (prolonged imaginal exposure) and depression module (behavioral activation). Salient external life events identified were starting or dropping out of school, working, change in living conditions, family conflict and the October Revolution; and interpersonal factors of parental engagement (with or without full attendance) and counsellor skills in building rapport were also identified as having an impact on treatment success. CONCLUSIONS Implications of our findings are discussed in terms of integrating active ingredients into MHPSS programming, and building on parental and multi-sector involvement in child and adolescent mental health care in humanitarian settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fiona S McEwen
- Department of War Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Laura Murray
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA
| | - Elie Karam
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care, Lebanon
| | | | - Michael Pluess
- Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Kyrillos V, Bosqui T, Moghames P, Chehade N, Saad S, Rahman DA, Karam E, Karam G, Saab D, Pluess M, McEwen FS. The culturally and contextually sensitive assessment of mental health using a structured diagnostic interview (MINI Kid) for Syrian refugee children and adolescents in Lebanon: Challenges and solutions. Transcult Psychiatry 2023; 60:125-141. [PMID: 35818837 PMCID: PMC9834432 DOI: 10.1177/13634615221105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Elevated rates of mental health difficulties are frequently reported in conflict-affected and displaced populations. Even with advances in improving the validity and reliability of measures, our knowledge of the performance of assessment tools is often limited by a lack of contextualization to specific populations and socio-political settings. This reflective article aimed to review challenges and share lessons learned from the process of administering and supervising a structured clinical interview. We administered the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI Kid) and used the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity scale with N = 119 Syrian refugee children (aged 8-17) resident in ITSs in Lebanon. Qualitative data were derived from supervision process notes on challenges that arose during assessments, analyzed for thematic content. Five themes were identified: (1) practical and logistical challenges (changeable nature of daily life, competing demands, access to phones, temporary locations, limited referral options); (2) validity (lack of privacy, trust, perceptions of mental health, stigma, false positive answers); (3) cultural norms and meaning (impact of different meanings on answers); (4) contextual norms (reactive and adaptive emotional and behavioral responses to contextual stress); and (5) co-morbidity and formulation (interconnected and complex presentations). The findings suggest that while structured assessments have major advantages, cultural and contextual sensitivity during assessments, addressing practical barriers to improving accessibility, and consideration for inter-connected formulations are essential to help inform prevalence rates, treatment plans, and public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elie Karam
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center
- Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University
| | - Georges Karam
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center
- Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University
| | - Dahlia Saab
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care
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Ciezki J, Reddy C, Ulchaker J, Angermeier K, Stephans K, Tendulkar R, Stephenson A, Chehade N, Altman A, Klein E. Patterns of Care for the Definitive Management of Prostate Cancer in the U.S. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kittel J, Reddy C, Ulchaker J, Angermeier K, Stephans K, Tendulkar R, Chehade N, Altman A, Klein E, Ciezki J. A Significant Cause of Variability in Prostate Brachytherapy Outcomes as Demonstrated From a Single Institution Suggesting a Method for Uniform Reporting Among Institutions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ciezki J, Reddy C, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Stephans K, Tendulkar R, Altman A, Chehade N, Klein E. Long-term Toxicity and Associated Cost of Initial Treatment and Subsequent Toxicity-Related Intervention for Patients Treated with Prostatectomy, External Beam Radiotherapy, or Brachytherapy: A SEER-Medicare Database Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Martires K, Tendulkar R, Reddy C, Ciezki J, Jones J, Klein E, Patel A, Chehade N, Magi-Galluzzi C, Stephans K. The Role of Percent Positive Cores in the Biopsy Specimen for Predicting Biochemical Outcome following External Beam Radiotherapy or I-125 Brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Khan M, Ciezki J, Reddy C, Klein E, Ulchaker J, Angermeier K, Chehade N, Altman A. Long-term Outcome of 2040 Patients treated with I-125 Prostate Brachytherapy at Cleveland Clinic. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Vassil A, Murphy E, Robinson C, Reddy C, Chehade N, Ciezki J. Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients Treated with External Beam Radiotherapy for High-risk Prostate Cancer in the PSA Era. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ciezki J, Reddy C, Robinson C, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Klein E. A Comparison of Cause-specific Mortality among Patients with Low or Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer Treated with Brachytherapy, External Beam Radiotherapy or Radical Prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Burdick M, Reddy C, Ciezki J, Ulchaker J, Angermeier K, Altman A, Chehade N, Mahadevan A, Kupelian P, Klein E. A Comparison of Biochemical Relapse Free Survival (bRFS) Between Primary Gleason 3 and Primary Gleason 4 for Biopsy Gleason 7 Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vassil A, Murphy E, Reddy C, Altman A, Chehade N, Ulchaker J, Klein E, Ciezki J. A Comparison of Biochemical Relapse-free Survival and Initiation of Salvage Therapy in Patients With Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer Treated With Radical Prostatectomy, External Beam Radiotherapy, or Permanent Seed Implantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ciezki JP, Reddy CA, Kupelian PA, Klein EA, Robinson C, Chehade N, Angermeier K, Altman A, Ulchaker J. A comparison of overall and cause-specific survival among patients with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.5126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5126 Background: The factors thought to influence overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS) in patients treated for low and intermediate-risk prostate cancer (CaP) with brachytherapy (PI), external beam radiotherapy (RT), or radical prostatectomy (RP) were evaluated. Methods: From 1996 to 2003, 2285 patients with low or intermediate-risk CaP were treated at the Cleveland Clinic with either PI (n=662), RT (n=570), or RP (n=1053). Factors thought to influence OS and CSS were recorded. These factors included: Charlson score, age, socioeconomic status, race, body mass index (BMI), presence of coronary artery disease (CAD), presence of hypertension (HTN), presence of dyslipidemia (DL), initial prostate-specific antigen (iPSA), biopsy Gleason score (bGS), clinical stage, use of androgen deprivation (AD), AD duration, smoking history including pack-years, alcohol use, and cancer treatment modality (TX). Univariate and multivariate analyses were done using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: The median follow-up is 59 months (range: 24–119 months). The 5- year OS rate is 96.0%, and the 8-year rate is 89.9%. Multivariate analysis revealed that Charlson score, age, smoking history, and TX were significantly associated with OS. Treatment with RT was independently associated with worse OS relative to PI and RP. CSS was grouped into 4 major categories: CAD, CaP, other cancer, and other. The only significant difference between these CSS categories and the treatment modalities was CaP. The percent of deaths due to CaP in the TX groups were: PI - 3.2%, RP - 9.7%, and RT - 24.5%. Conclusions: Charlson score, age, smoking history, and TX independently affect OS in patients treated for low and intermediate-risk CaP. The cause of the lower OS rate with RT may be related to an increased risk of death due to CaP. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. P. Ciezki
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
| | - C. A. Reddy
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
| | - P. A. Kupelian
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
| | - E. A. Klein
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
| | - C. Robinson
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
| | - N. Chehade
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
| | - K. Angermeier
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
| | - A. Altman
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
| | - J. Ulchaker
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; MD Anderson - Orlando, Orlando, FL; Kaiser Permanente - Ohio, Cleveland, OH
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Anderson C, Mahadevan A, Reddy C, Chehade N, Kupelian P. External Beam Radiation Dose Response and Toxicity in Low-Risk Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Thakkar V, Khuntia D, Reddy C, Mahadevan E, Klein A, Chehade N, Kupelian P. Hypofractionated Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (70 Gy at 2.5 Gy Per Fraction) for Localized Prostate Cancer: Long-Term Outcome Results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ciezki J, Reddy C, Jorge G, Klein E, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Mahadevan A, Chehade N, Altman A. PSA Kinetics Following Prostate Brachytherapy: The PSA Bounce Phenomenon and Its Implications for PSA Doubling Time. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fournier AV, Podtetenev M, Lemire J, Thompson P, Duchesne R, Perreault C, Chehade N, Blondeau P. Intraocular pressure change measured by Goldmann tonometry after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg 1998; 24:905-10. [PMID: 9682108 DOI: 10.1016/s0886-3350(98)80041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the accuracy of Goldmann tonometry after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). SETTING University-based refractive surgery group (Clinique du Laser Visuel). METHOD The database of patients who had LASIK was retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured in 145 patients. The correlation between decrease in IOP and various preoperative and intraoperative parameters was evaluated by regression analysis. Only one eye in patients having bilateral surgery was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Laser in situ keratomileusis was associated with a mean decrease in IOP of 1.9 mm Hg +/- 2.9 (SD). There was no significant correlation between the decrease and any parameter evaluated. CONCLUSION Intraocular pressure after LASIK decreased by a mean of 1.9 +/- 2.9 mm Hg. The cause of the decrease remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Fournier
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sherbrooke School of Medicine, Québec, Canada
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Abstract
We have previously characterized the V1-vascular arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors of human platelets (Thibonnier M, J Biol Chem 1987;262: 10960-10964). We now report on a radiomonoiodinated and photoreactive V1-vascular AVP antagonist (V1-ag) to be used for the purification of human V1-vascular AVP receptors. The V1-ag, d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)Tyr(NH2)AVP was modified by radiomonoiodination of d(CH2)5-Tyr(Me)Tyr(NH2)AVP with the Iodogen technique, and derivatization of d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)Tyr[125I](NH2)-AVP with the photoreactive crosslinker, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-4-azidobenzoate (HSAB) (each step included HPLC purification). In competition experiments, the affinity of these V1-ag for the human platelet AVP receptors remained excellent: [table: see text] Irreversible photoaffinity labeling of the platelet V1-vascular AVP receptor was successfully achieved by UV lamp exposure (365 nm, 20 min). Thus, AzBz-d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)Tyr[125I](NH2)AVP is a promising tool to use for the purification of human V1-vascular AVP receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Thibonnier
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Ohio 44106
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Abstract
Head-mounted field-effect transistors are frequently used for electrophysiological recording of brain potentials in freely moving animals. The low output impedance of these transistors reduces noise pickup and artifacts caused by movement of the cable that connects the animal to the amplifier. However, inadvertent brain lesions can occur if the positive pole of the DC power supply is disconnected, without simultaneous interruption of the connections to the negative pole and ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Weijnen
- Department of Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
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