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Shirai N, Usui N, Abe Y, Tamiya H, Amari T, Kojima S, Mikami K, Nagashima M, Shinozaki N, Shimano Y, Saitoh M. Relationship among Falls, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity Level in Patients on Hemodialysis. Phys Ther 2024:pzae064. [PMID: 38696344 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients on hemodialysis are highly susceptible to falls and fractures. Amplified apprehension regarding the fear of falling (FOF) constitutes a risk factor that restricts physical activity and escalates the probability of falls among the elderly population. This study aimed to elucidate the association between falls and FOF and physical activity in patients on hemodialysis. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted across 9 centers. FOF was assessed using the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Physical activity was assessed using the Japanese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. Subsequently, falls were monitored over a duration of 1 year. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between falls and FOF and physical activity. In addition, in the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the cutoff value of FES-I that predicts falls was determined using the Youden Index. A restricted cubic spline curve was utilized to analyze the nonlinear association between falls and the FES-I. RESULTS A total of 253 patients on hemodialysis (70.0 [59.0-77.0] years old; 105 female [41.5%]) were included in the analysis. During the 1-year observation period, 90 (35.6%) patients experienced accidental falls. The median FES-I score was 36.0 (24.0-47.0) points, and patients with higher FES-I scores had more falls. Following adjusted logistic regression analysis, FES-I exhibited an independent association with falls (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01-1.06), but physical activity was not. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.70 (95% CI = 0.64-0.77), and the FES-I threshold value for distinguishing fallers from non-fallers was determined as 37.5 points (sensitivity 65.6%, specificity 35.0%). A nonlinear relationship between falls and FES-I was observed. CONCLUSION FOF was associated with the incidence of falls in patients on hemodialysis. IMPACT The evaluation and implementation of interventions targeting the FOF may mitigate the risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Naoto Usui
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kisen Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Yoshifumi Abe
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Kasei University, Saitama, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Hajime Tamiya
- Department of physical therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Takashi Amari
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Sho Kojima
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kisen Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Kenta Mikami
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Iwatsuki Minami Hospital, Saitama, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Mizuki Nagashima
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Iwatsuki Minami Hospital, Saitama, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Nobuhito Shinozaki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokatsu Clinic Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Yu Shimano
- Department of Rehabilitation, Saiyu Clinic, Saitama, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
| | - Masakazu Saitoh
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Renal Exercise and Physical Activity Network - Virtual Laboratory
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Shirai N, Yamamoto S, Osawa Y, Tsubaki A, Morishita S, Murayama T, Narita I. Protein intake and its relationship with frailty in chronic kidney disease. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:447-453. [PMID: 38324198 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are susceptible to frailty because of a range of nutrition-related factors. While protein restriction is commonly advised to preserve kidney function in patients with CKD, insufficient protein intake could potentially exacerbate frailty risk. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between frailty and protein intake in patients with CKD. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with CKD stage 3-5. Frailty and prefrailty were assessed using the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS) criteria. To estimate dietary protein intake, Maroni's formula based on 24-h urine collection was used. The potential association between frailty/pre-frailty and protein intake was investigated using a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Ninety-seven individuals with CKD were included in the study, with a median age of 73.0 years (interquartile range: 67.0, 82.0). Among them, 34 were women (35.1%), and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 36.3 mL/min/1.73 m2 (interquartile range: 26.9, 44.1). Frailty and pre-frailty were identified in 13.4% and 55.7% of participants, respectively. Comparing the groups, protein intake in the frailty/pre-frailty group (0.83 g/kgBW/day [0.72, 0.93]) was lower than that in the robust group (0.89 g/kgBW/day [0.84, 1.19], p = 0.002). Upon logistic regression analysis, protein intake exhibited an independent association with frailty/pre-frailty (odds ratio: 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.59-0.89, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Reduced protein intake in patients with CKD is associated with frailty and pre-frailty. It is advisable to ensure that patients with CKD who are at risk of frailty consume an adequate amount of protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Osawa
- Internal Medicine, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toshiko Murayama
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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Shirai N, Yamamoto S, Osawa Y, Tsubaki A, Morishita S, Murayama T, Narita I. Correction to: Protein intake and its relationship with frailty in chronic kidney disease. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:454-456. [PMID: 38578367 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-024-02481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Osawa
- Internal Medicine, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toshiko Murayama
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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Shirai N, Yamamoto S, Osawa Y, Tsubaki A, Morishita S, Sugahara T, Narita I. Low muscle strength and physical function contribute to falls in hemodialysis patients, but not muscle mass. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:67-74. [PMID: 37773244 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients on hemodialysis (HD) have a higher incidence of fractures than the general population. Sarcopenia is frequently observed in patients on HD; however, the association of falls with sarcopenia and its diagnostic factors, including muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function, are incompletely understood. METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted at a single center. Sarcopenia was assessed according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia diagnostic criteria. Muscle mass was measured the bioelectrical impedance method. Grip strength was evaluated to assess muscle strength, while the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was used to assess physical function. Falls and their detailed information were surveyed every other week. RESULTS This study analyzed 65 HD patients (median age, 74.5 [67.5-80.0] years; 33 women [49.2%]). Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 36 (55.4%) patients. During the 1-year observation period, 31 (47.7%) patients experienced accidental falls. The falls group had lower median grip strength than the non-falls group (14.7 [11.4-21.8] kg vs. 22.2 [17.9-27.6] kg; p < 0.001). The median SPPB score was also lower in the falls versus non-falls group (7.0 [5.0-11.0] vs. 11.0 [8.0-12.0]; p = 0.009). In adjusted multiple regression analysis, diagnostic factors, including grip strength (B = 0.96, p = 0.04, R2 = 0.19) and SPPB (B = 1.11, p = 0.006, R2 = 0.23), but not muscle mass, were independently associated with fall frequency. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of falls in HD patients was related to muscle strength and physical function, but not muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Osawa
- Internal Medicine, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Sugahara
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Bandai Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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Okamura M, Inoue T, Ogawa M, Shirado K, Shirai N, Yagi T, Momosaki R, Kokura Y. Rehabilitation Nutrition in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Cachexia. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224722. [PMID: 36432408 PMCID: PMC9696968 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rehabilitation nutrition is a proposed intervention strategy to improve nutritional status and physical function. However, rehabilitation nutrition in patients with cachexia and protein-energy wasting (PEW), which are the main nutrition-related problems in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), has not been fully clarified. Therefore, this review aimed to summarize the current evidence and interventions related to rehabilitation nutrition for cachexia and PEW in patients with CKD. CKD is a serious condition worldwide, with a significant impact on patient prognosis. In addition, CKD is easily complicated by nutrition-related problems such as cachexia and PEW owing to disease background- and treatment-related factors, which can further worsen the prognosis. Although nutritional management and exercise therapy are reportedly effective for cachexia and PEW, the effectiveness of combined nutrition and exercise interventions is less clear. In the future, rehabilitation nutrition addressing the nutritional problems associated with CKD will become more widespread as more scientific evidence accumulates. In clinical practice, early intervention in patients with CKD involving both nutrition and exercise after appropriate assessment may be necessary to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatsugu Okamura
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
- Change Nutrition from Rehabilitation–Virtual Laboratory (CNR), Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Inoue
- Change Nutrition from Rehabilitation–Virtual Laboratory (CNR), Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | - Masato Ogawa
- Change Nutrition from Rehabilitation–Virtual Laboratory (CNR), Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kengo Shirado
- Change Nutrition from Rehabilitation–Virtual Laboratory (CNR), Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Aso Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka 820-8505, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shirai
- Change Nutrition from Rehabilitation–Virtual Laboratory (CNR), Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata 950-8725, Japan
| | - Takuma Yagi
- Change Nutrition from Rehabilitation–Virtual Laboratory (CNR), Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hattori Hospital, Miki 673-0413, Japan
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yoji Kokura
- Department of Nutritional Management, Keiju Hatogaoka Integrated Facility for Medical and Long-Term Care, Hoso 927-0023, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-768-52-3335
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Shirai N, Yamamoto S, Osawa Y, Tsubaki A, Morishita S, Narita I. Dynamic and static balance functions in hemodialysis patients and non-dialysis dependent CKD patients. Ther Apher Dial 2022; 27:412-418. [PMID: 36125727 DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) have a high risk of falls, whereas the impairment in balance function and their types in HD compared with non-dialysis dependent (ND) CKD have not been fully evaluated. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the balance function in 91 ND-CKD and 65 HD patients. The participants underwent the timed up-and-go test (TUG) to assess dynamic balance and length of the center of pressure (CoP) with open eyes or closed eyes to evaluate static balance. RESULTS TUG, length of CoP with open eyes, and length of CoP with closed eyes were longer in HD patients compared with those with ND-CKD. Multiple regression analysis showed that dialysis treatment independently affected TUG and length of CoP with open eyes. CONCLUSION The dynamic and static balance functions are impaired in HD patients compared with that ND-CKD patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osawa
- Internal Medicine, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Shirai N, Inoue T, Ogawa M, Okamura M, Morishita S, Suguru Y, Tsubaki A. Relationship between Nutrition-Related Problems and Falls in Hemodialysis Patients: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153225. [PMID: 35956401 PMCID: PMC9370180 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Falls are a social problem that increase healthcare costs. Hemodialysis (HD) patients need to avoid falling because fractures increase their risk of death. Nutritional problems such as frailty, sarcopenia, undernutrition, protein-energy wasting (PEW), and cachexia may increase the risk of falls and fractures in patients with HD. This review aimed to summarize the impact of frailty, sarcopenia, undernutrition, PEW, and cachexia on falls in HD patients. The reported global incidence of falls in HD patients is 0.85-1.60 falls per patient per year. HD patients fall frequently, but few reports have investigated the relationship between nutrition-related problems and falls. Several studies reported that frailty and undernutrition increase the risk of falls in HD patients. Nutritional therapy may help to prevent falls in HD patients. HD patients' falls are caused by nutritional problems such as iatrogenic and non-iatrogenic factors. Falls increase a person's fear of falling, reducing physical activity, which then causes muscle weakness and further decreased physical activity; this cycle can cause multiple falls. Further research is necessary to clarify the relationships between falls and sarcopenia, cachexia, and PEW. Routine clinical assessments of nutrition-related problems are crucial to prevent falls in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata 950-8725, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Inoue
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-25-257-4443; Fax: +81-25-257-4443
| | - Masato Ogawa
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Okamura
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yamamoto Suguru
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8520, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
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Shirai N, Yamamoto S, Osawa Y, Tsubaki A, Morishita S, Narita I. Dysfunction in dynamic, but not static balance is associated with risk of accidental falls in hemodialysis patients: a prospective cohort study. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:237. [PMID: 35794531 PMCID: PMC9260986 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02877-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD) have a high incidence of falls. Impairment of balance function is a risk factor for falls in the general elderly, and no report examining the association between balance dysfunction and fall incidence in HD patients exists. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted at a single center. The timed-up-and-go test (TUG) as a dynamic balance function was performed and length of the center of pressure (CoP) as a static balance function was measured before and after the HD session at baseline. Data of the number and detailed information of accidental falls for 1 year were collected. Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the relationships between the number of falls and balance function. Results Forty-three patients undergoing HD were enrolled in the study. During 1 year of observation, 24 (55.8%) patients experienced accidental falls. TUG time was longer, and CoP was shorter in the post-HD session than in the pre-HD session. Adjusted multiple regression analyses showed that the number of accidental falls was independently associated with TUG time in the pre-HD session (B 0.267, p < 0.001, R2 0.413) and that in the post-HD session (B 0.257, p < 0.001, R2 0.530), but not with CoP. Conclusions Dynamic balance was associated with fall incidence in maintenance HD patients. The evaluation and intervention of dynamic balance function might reduce the risk of falls in HD patients. Trial registration This study was carried out with the approval of the Niigata Rinko Hospital Ethics Committee (approval number 2005–92) (Registered on December 11, 2019) and registered in The University Hospital Medical Information Network (registration number 000040618). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12882-022-02877-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Osawa
- Internal Medicine, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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Shirai N, Yamamoto S, Osawa Y, Tsubaki A, Morishita S, Nitami S, Narita I. Fear of falling and physical activity in hemodialysis patients: a pilot study. Ren Replace Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-021-00383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hemodialysis (HD) patients are at a high risk of falls and fractures. The amount of physical activity (PA) they perform may be limited by psychosomatic factors associated with fear of falling, leading to frailty progression. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between fear of falling and PA in patients undergoing HD.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 46 HD patients. Fear of falling was evaluated using the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES). A 3-axis accelerometer was used to measure PA, including number of steps; 1 to 1.9 METs = static PA, 2 to 2.9 = light PA, and 3 or more = moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA). We examined correlation of MFES with each type of PA. Factors affecting fear of falling were determined using multiple regression analysis.
Results
The median MFES was 9.2 (7.4, 10.0). MFES was associated with the number of steps (r = 0.608, p < 0.001), light PA (r = 0.421, p = 0.004), and MVPA (r = 0.546, p < 0.001). Eighteen participants (39.1%) experienced at least one fall in a year and had lower MFES than the non-fall group (fall group: 7.4 [5.1, 9.0] vs. non-fall group: 9.7 [8.5, 10.0], p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that MFES was independently associated with the number of steps (B = 279.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 90.5–469.0, p = 0.005) and MVPA (B = 3.52, 95% CI = 1.14–5.90, p = 0.005), respectively.
Conclusions
Fear of falling was associated with amount of PA among patients undergoing HD. Interventions that target the fear of falling may be effective in reducing HD patients’ fall risk by enhancing PA.
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Shirai N, Yamamoto S, Osawa Y, Tsubaki A, Morishita S, Igarashi K, Narita I. Comparison of muscle strength between hemodialysis patients and non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:742-747. [PMID: 34658517 PMCID: PMC8516613 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Muscle weakness in patients with chronic kidney disease is
associated with several disease-related factors, and this study aimed to examine whether
hemodialysis is one of risk factors for muscle weakness in patients with chronic kidney
disease. [Participants and Methods] We conducted a cross-sectional study with 74
non-dialysis and 84 hemodialysis patients. Muscle strength evaluations were performed by
measuring isometric knee extensor muscle strength and grip strength. Each evaluation item
was compared between the hemodialysis and non-dialysis groups, and multiple regression
analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with muscle strength. In
addition, the correlation between lower-extremity muscle strength and grip strength was
examined in each group. [Results] Isometric knee extensor muscle strength was
significantly lower in the hemodialysis group than in the non-dialysis group. Grip
strength was also significantly lower in the hemodialysis group than in the non-dialysis
group. Hemodialysis was determined to be an independent risk factor associated with lower
limb muscle strength as well as grip strength. The positive correlation between isometric
knee extensor muscle strength and grip strength was almost the same in the groups.
[Conclusion] Hemodialysis treatment was an independent risk factor for muscle weakness.
Regular monitoring of grip strength may facilitate better management with physical therapy
in hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Japan.,Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences: 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences: 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osawa
- Internal Medicine, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences: 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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Shirai N, Tsubaki A, Morishita S, Honma D, Isobe S, Ikarashi K, Suzuki A, Murayama S. The Association between time spent in performing physical activity and physical function in outpatients with type 2 diabetes who may have diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:2111-2116. [PMID: 33395770 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the relationship between physical activity time and physical function according to the Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes, which recommended 150 min of activity for outpatients with type 2 diabetes who may have diabetic neuropathy. METHODS We examined a cross-sectional study with 79 outpatients with Type 2 diabetes participated. A short version, Japanese language edition of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to evaluate physical activity. Isometric knee extensor strength, grip strength, maximum 10-m walking speed, the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument score, and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Each evaluation item was compared between time spent performing physical activity ≥150 min group and <150 min group, and multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with time spent performing physical activity. Further, the correlation between time spent performing physical activity and isometric knee extensor strength was examined. RESULTS The ≥150 min group had significantly higher isometric knee extensor strength than the <150 min group. In addition, the ≥150 min group had significantly faster maximum 10-m walking speed and sit-to-stand time than the <150 min group. Isometric knee extensor strength was determined to be an independent factor associated with the IPAQ score. A positive correlation was found between the IPAQ score and isometric knee extensor strength. CONCLUSIONS Among the patients with type 2 diabetes who may have diabetic neuropathy, those who performed physical activity for ≥150 min per week were suggested to have higher physical function than those with <150 min of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Honma
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Bandai Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sumiyo Isobe
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Bandai Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kanami Ikarashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiko Suzuki
- Internal Medicine, Niigata Bandai Hospital, Niigata, Japan
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12
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Shirai N, Hozumi T, Toh Y, Ebihara M. Comparison of PGAA and wet chemical analysis for determining major element contents in eucritic meteorites. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Nomoto Y, Nakagawa M, Shirai N, Kajio K, Mizutani K, Yamazaki T, Sugioka K, Kamimori K, Ueda M, Izumiya Y, Yoshiyama M. Neointimal coverage after second generation drug-eluting stent implantation has a relationship with pre-existing atherosclerotic lesion characteristics. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17097. [PMID: 31517836 PMCID: PMC6750308 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between preexisting atherosclerotic lesion characteristics and neointimal thickness after second-generation drug-eluting stent (DES) placement is still unknown. Thus, we evaluated that relationship using optical coherence tomography (OCT).A single-center, retrospective, observational study was conducted. Patients with stable angina or asymptomatic myocardial ischemia who received percutaneous coronary intervention for a de novo lesion using a second-generation DES under frequency domain OCT guidance and underwent follow-up coronary angiography (CAG) and OCT between December 2010 and December 2015 were included. The relationship between the neointimal thickness on the stent strut and the plaque characteristics was retrospectively evaluated using OCT immediately after stent implantation and at the time of follow-up CAG.We analyzed 3459 struts from 20 stents in 15 patients. The mean follow-up period was 264 days. In the follow-up study, no angiographic in-stent restenosis was found. Of the 3459 struts, 3315 (95.8%) were covered with neointima. The median neointimal thicknesses of the stent struts on calcified, fibrous, and lipid-rich lesions were 20 μm (interquartile range [IQR], 10-50 μm), 70 μm (40-140 μm; P < .001), and 90 μm (50-170 μm; P < .001), respectively. These differences were observed regardless of the type of second-generation DES used.Most of the stent struts were covered with neointima. The neointimal thickness after the second-generation DES implantation had a close relationship with the preexisting atherosclerotic lesion characteristics. In this study, we found differences in arterial healing processes due to underlying plaque; therefore, evaluating the lesion characteristics by OCT may predict the risk for future restenosis and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohta Nomoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masashi Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital
| | - Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Keiko Kajio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kazuki Mizutani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takanori Yamazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kenichi Sugioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kimio Kamimori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Makiko Ueda
- Morinomiya University of Medical Science, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Izumiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Minoru Yoshiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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14
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Yoshiyama T, Sugioka K, Naruko T, Nakagawa M, Shirai N, Ohsawa M, Yoshiyama M, Ueda M. Neopterin and Cardiovascular Events Following Coronary Stent Implantation in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris. J Atheroscler Thromb 2018; 25:1105-1117. [PMID: 29593175 PMCID: PMC6224201 DOI: 10.5551/jat.43166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Neopterin is an activation marker for monocytes/macrophages. We prospectively investigated the predictive value of plasma neopterin levels on 2-year and long-term cardiovascular events in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) undergoing coronary stent implantation. METHODS We studied 123 consecutive patients with SAP who underwent primary coronary stenting (44 patients with bare metal stent: BMS group and 79 with drug-eluting stent: DES group). Plasma neopterin levels were measured on admission using HPLC. Moreover, one frozen coronary artery specimen after DES and three frozen coronary specimens after BMS were obtained by autopsy or endarterectomy, followed by immunohistochemical staining for neopterin. RESULTS Plasma neopterin levels were significantly higher in patients with cardiovascular events than in those without them (P<0.001). In subgroup analyses, higher levels of plasma neopterin in patients with cardiovascular events (P<0.001) and a positive correlation between neopterin levels and late lumen loss after stenting (P =0.008) were observed in the BMS group but not in the DES group (P=0.53 and P=0.17, respectively). In long-term cardiovascular events, multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the significance of the high-neopterin group as independent determinants of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 2.225; 95% CI, 1.283-3.857; P =0.004). Immunohistochemical staining showed abundant neopterin-positive macrophages in the neointima after BMS implantation but no neopterin-positive macrophages in the neointima after DES implantation. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that neopterin is associated with cardiovascular events after coronary stent implantation in patients with SAP. However, there might be a strong association between neopterin and cardiovascular events after BMS but not after DES in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Yoshiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sugioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiko Naruko
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ohsawa
- Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Ueda
- Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Abstract
Previous studies have shown that exercise improves aerobic capacity, muscular functioning, cardiovascular function, walking capacity, and health-related quality of life (QOL) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis. Recently, additional studies have shown that higher physical activity contributes to survival and decreased mortality as well as physical function and QOL in patients with CKD and dialysis. Herein, we review the evidence that physical function and physical activity play an important role in mortality for patients with CKD and dialysis. During November 2016, Medline and Web of Science databases were searched for published English medical reports (without a time limit) using the terms "CKD" or "dialysis" and "mortality" in conjunction with "exercise capacity," "muscle strength," "activities of daily living (ADL)," "physical activity," and "exercise." Numerous studies suggest that higher exercise capacity, muscle strength, ADL, and physical activity contribute to lower mortality in patients with CKD and dialysis. Physical function is associated with mortality in patients with CKD and dialysis. Increasing physical function may decrease the mortality rate of patients with CKD and dialysis. Physicians and medical staff should recognize the importance of physical function in CKD and dialysis. In addition, exercise is associated with reduced mortality among patients with CKD and dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Morishita
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Rinko Hospital, Niigata, Japan
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16
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Nakagawa M, Naruko T, Sugioka K, Kitabayashi C, Shirai N, Takagi M, Yoshiyama M, Ohsawa M, Ueda M. Enhanced expression of natriuretic peptide receptor A and B in neutrophils of culprit lesions in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3324-3330. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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Morishita S, Tsubaki A, Shirai N. Physical function was related to mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease and dialysis. Hemodial Int 2017; 21:483-489. [DOI: 10.1111/hdi.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Morishita
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences; Niigata University of Health and Welfare; Niigata Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Tsubaki
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences; Niigata University of Health and Welfare; Niigata Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation; Niigata Rinko Hospital; Niigata Japan
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18
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Futatsugi K, Huard K, Kung DW, Pettersen JC, Flynn DA, Gosset JR, Aspnes GE, Barnes RJ, Cabral S, Dowling MS, Fernando DP, Goosen TC, Gorczyca WP, Hepworth D, Herr M, Lavergne S, Li Q, Niosi M, Orr STM, Pardo ID, Perez SM, Purkal J, Schmahai TJ, Shirai N, Shoieb AM, Zhou J, Goodwin B. Small structural changes of the imidazopyridine diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) inhibitors produce an improved safety profile. Medchemcomm 2016; 8:771-779. [PMID: 30108796 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00564k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule DGAT2 inhibitors have shown promise for the treatment of metabolic diseases in preclinical models. Herein, we report the first toxicological evaluation of imidazopyridine-based DGAT2 inhibitors and show that the arteriopathy associated with imidazopyridine 1 can be mitigated with small structural modifications, and is thus not mechanism related.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Futatsugi
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , 610 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts , 02155 USA .
| | - K Huard
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , 610 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts , 02155 USA .
| | - D W Kung
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - J C Pettersen
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - D A Flynn
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - J R Gosset
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , 610 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts , 02155 USA .
| | - G E Aspnes
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , 610 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts , 02155 USA .
| | - R J Barnes
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - S Cabral
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - M S Dowling
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - D P Fernando
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - T C Goosen
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - W P Gorczyca
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - D Hepworth
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , 610 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts , 02155 USA .
| | - M Herr
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - S Lavergne
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - Q Li
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - M Niosi
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - S T M Orr
- Pfizer Inc. Medicine Design , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA .
| | - I D Pardo
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - S M Perez
- Pfizer Inc. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research Unit , 610 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts , 02155 USA
| | - J Purkal
- Pfizer Inc. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research Unit , 610 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts , 02155 USA
| | - T J Schmahai
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - N Shirai
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - A M Shoieb
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - J Zhou
- Pfizer Inc. Drug Safety Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut , 06340 USA
| | - B Goodwin
- Pfizer Inc. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research Unit , 610 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts , 02155 USA
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19
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Sugimoto M, Shirai N, Nishino M, Kodaira C, Uotani T, Yamade M, Sahara S, Ichikawa H, Sugimoto K, Miyajima H, Furuta T. Rabeprazole 10 mg q.d.s. decreases 24-h intragastric acidity significantly more than rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. or 40 mg o.m., overcoming CYP2C19 genotype. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:627-34. [PMID: 22882464 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standard dosing (i.e. once daily) of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) cannot inhibit acid secretion for a full 24 h. Better therapeutic regimens using PPIs are required to sustain potent acid inhibition for the full 24 h in all patients with acid-related diseases. AIM To evaluate acid inhibitory effects by different dosing times of a PPI at the same daily dosage, in a study involving 70 rounds of pH monitoring. METHODS Using pH monitoring, we evaluated the efficacy of different divided treatment regimens with the same total daily dose of rabeprazole (40 mg o.m., 15 rounds; 20 mg b.d., 20 rounds; 10 mg q.d.s., 35 rounds) on day 7 or 8 of PPI dosing. RESULTS In the study of divided treatment, the median pH (when administered once, twice or four times to achieve a daily dose of 40 mg) was 4.8 (3.6-6.4), 5.7 (4.1-7.4), 6.6 (4.9-8.4), respectively. When comparing the median pHs at the same CYP2C19 genotype among different dosing times of rabeprazole, the median pH attained with 10 mg q.d.s. was significantly higher than that in 40 mg o.m. or 20 mg b.d. Increase in the frequency of dosing effectively increased pH [median percent time of pH > 4.0 with q.d.s. therapy: 95.5% (63.2-100.0%)], irrespective to CYP2C19 genotype. CONCLUSION Four times daily dosing with rabeprazole 10 mg achieved potent acid inhibition, including during the night-time, suggesting its potential usefulness as a regimen for patients who are refractory to standard once daily PPI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sugimoto
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.
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20
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Ehara S, Matsumoto K, Shirai N, Nakanishi K, Otsuka K, Iguchi T, Hasegawa T, Nakata S, Yoshikawa J, Yoshiyama M. Typical coronary appearance of dilated cardiomyopathy versus left ventricular concentric hypertrophy: coronary volumes measured by multislice computed tomography. Heart Vessels 2012; 28:188-98. [PMID: 22349690 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-011-0230-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Several coronary angiographic studies have reported that enlarged and tortuous epicardial coronary arteries are characteristic of patients with left ventricular concentric hypertrophy (LVCH). Recently, we showed that small volumes opacified by contrast medium can be accurately measured by 64-multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and that there is a direct relationship between the coronary artery volume and left ventricular (LV) mass. However, the relationship of coronary artery volume with LV mass in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is unknown. The present study was designed to investigate this issue. Thirteen patients with DCM and 18 patients with LVCH who underwent MSCT angiography were included in this analysis. The coronary arteries were segmented on a workstation, and the appropriate window settings obtained from the results of the phantom experiments were applied to the volume-rendered images to calculate the total coronary artery volume (right and left coronary arteries). The absolute coronary lengths and volumes in patients with LVCH and DCM were greater than those in controls. The coronary artery volumes adjusted for LV mass in patients with DCM were found to be smaller than those in patients with LVCH or in controls, and these values did not differ between patients with LVCH and controls (DCM 4.1 ± 0.9, LVCH 5.4 ± 1.4, controls 5.5 ± 2.3 ml/100 g of LV mass, P < 0.005; DCM vs LVCH, P < 0.01; and DCM vs control, P < 0.0005). This study showed that the increase in the coronary artery volume in patients with LVCH matched the increase in LV mass, but a decreased coronary volume with regard to LV mass was characteristic of patients with DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Ehara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
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21
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Shirai N, Kubo Y, Ueda M, Inoue T. [Coronary lesions in Kawasaki disease]. Nihon Rinsho 2011; 69 Suppl 9:536-539. [PMID: 22724258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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22
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Tsuruhara A, Kaneko H, Kanazawa S, Otsuka Y, Shirai N, Yamaguchi MK. Infants' ability to perceive depth produced by vertical disparity. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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23
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Ebihara M, Sekimoto S, Shirai N, Hamajima Y, Yamamoto M, Kumagai K, Oura Y, Ireland TR, Kitajima F, Nagao K, Nakamura T, Naraoka H, Noguchi T, Okazaki R, Tsuchiyama A, Uesugi M, Yurimoto H, Zolensky ME, Abe M, Fujimura A, Mukai T, Yada Y. Neutron Activation Analysis of a Particle Returned from Asteroid Itokawa. Science 2011; 333:1119-21. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1207865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Ehara S, Shirai N, Matsumoto K, Okuyama T, Matsumura Y, Yoshikawa J, Yoshiyama M. The clinical value of apex beat and electrocardiography for the detection of left ventricular hypertrophy from the standpoint of the distance factors from the heart to the chest wall: a multislice CT study. Hypertens Res 2011; 34:1004-10. [PMID: 21654756 PMCID: PMC3257036 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2011.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical value of the apex beat and two ECG voltage criteria in the detection of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) while considering two distances, from the heart to the inner chest wall and to the chest surface, measured by using multislice CT (MSCT). The study population consisted of 151 patients clinically judged as requiring MSCT angiography. The apex beat was palpated with patients in the supine. Sokolow–Lyon voltage and Cornell voltage to detect LVH were determined. The pattern of sustained or double apical impulse and Cornell voltage had higher specificity as an indicator of LVH than Sokolow–Lyon voltage. Furthermore, the distance to the inner chest wall was negatively correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic volume and mass. Contrarily, the distance to the chest surface was correlated with the body mass index. Multivariate analyses revealed that the pattern of sustained or double apical impulse showed a stronger association with the distance to the inner chest wall than to the chest surface, but Sokolow–Lyon voltage was associated with the distance to the chest surface. Among the screening tests for excluding patients with LVH, Cornell voltage or the apex beat would be better than Sokolow–Lyon voltage because these are less dependent on body size and have higher specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Ehara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
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Yanagisawa D, Amatsubo T, Morikawa S, Taguchi H, Urushitani M, Shirai N, Hirao K, Shiino A, Inubushi T, Tooyama I. In vivo detection of amyloid β deposition using 19F magnetic resonance imaging with a 19F-containing curcumin derivative in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience 2011; 184:120-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ishii H, Kataoka T, Kobayashi Y, Tsumori T, Takeshita H, Matsumoto R, Shirai N, Nishioka H, Hasegawa T, Nakata S, Shimada Y, Ehara S, Muro T, Yoshiyama M. Utility of myocardial fractional flow reserve for prediction of restenosis following sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. Heart Vessels 2011; 26:572-81. [PMID: 21221600 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-010-0105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Drug-eluting stents reduce restenosis due to neointimal growth suppression. Considering long-term outcomes, it is both difficult and important to predict drug-eluting stent restenosis. Thus, this study was designed to examine the utility of myocardial fractional flow reserve (FFR) as a predictor of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) restenosis. Thirty-three patients (35 lesions) were enrolled. Upon completion of SES implantation, FFR was obtained under hyperemia. At 8 months of follow-up, coronary angiography revealed that five lesions had restenosis. Percent diameter stenosis (restenosis 68.7 ± 12.8% vs. non-restenosis 68.7 ± 12.4%, p = 0.78) and lesion length (restenosis 15.8 ± 9.4 mm vs. non-restenosis 14.4 ± 9.2 mm, p = 0.60) were similar. At post-intervention, percent diameter stenosis (restenosis 16.4 ± 6.1% vs. non-restenosis 14.0 ± 7.4%, p = 0.48) and minimum stent area (restenosis 6.01 ± 1.08 mm2 vs. non-restenosis 6.27 ± 1.85 mm2, p = 0.92) were also equivalent. However, proximal edge lumen area was smaller (restenosis 4.24 ± 1.40 mm2 vs. non-restenosis 7.73 ± 2.64 mm2, p = 0.004) and FFR was lower in the restenosis group (restenosis 0.81 ± 0.12 vs. non-restenosis 0.92 ± 0.06, p = 0.029). SES patients with restenosis had a lower FFR post stent deployment, suggesting the decreased FFR may be a useful predictor for SES restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Cardiology, Higashisumiyoshi Morimoto Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Ehara S, Shirai N, Okuyama T, Matsumoto K, Matsumura Y, Yoshiyama M. Absence of left ventricular concentric hypertrophy: a prerequisite for zero coronary calcium score. Heart Vessels 2010; 26:487-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00380-010-0082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sugioka K, Naruko T, Matsumura Y, Shirai N, Hozumi T, Yoshiyama M, Ueda M. Neopterin and atherosclerotic plaque instability in coronary and carotid arteries. J Atheroscler Thromb 2010; 17:1115-21. [PMID: 20693747 DOI: 10.5551/jat.4606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability, and monocyte/macrophage activation contributes to these processes. Neopterin, a by-product of the guanosine triphosphate pathway, is produced by activated macrophages on stimulation with interferon-γ released from T lymphocytes, and is an activation marker for monocytes/macrophages. Coronary angiographic studies have shown a relationship between increased circulating levels of neopterin and the presence of complex coronary lesions in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Furthermore, in an immunohistochemical study performed using coronary atherectomy specimens, a significantly higher prevalence of neopterin-positive macrophages was found in culprit lesions in patients with UAP than in those with stable angina pectoris (SAP). We recently clarified that the presence of complex carotid plaques detected by carotid ultrasound was related to increased circulating levels of neopterin, and immunohistochemical localization of neopterin was observed in complex carotid lesions obtained from carotid endarterectomy in patients with SAP. These findings suggest that neopterin is an important biomarker of plaque instability in both coronary and carotid atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sugioka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Naruko T, Furukawa A, Yunoki K, Komatsu R, Nakagawa M, Matsumura Y, Shirai N, Sugioka K, Takagi M, Hozumi T, Itoh A, Haze K, Yoshiyama M, Becker AE, Ueda M. Increased expression and plasma levels of myeloperoxidase are closely related to the presence of angiographically-detected complex lesion morphology in unstable angina. Heart 2010; 96:1716-22. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2009.187609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Kanazawa S, Shirai N, Otsuka Y, Yamaguchi MK. Perceptual development of directional transparent motion in infancy. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/6.6.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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31
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Shirai N, Imura T, Hattori Y, Tomonaga M, Yamaguchi MK. Perception of radial motion in Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) infants. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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32
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Shirai N, Kanazawa S, Yamaguchi M. Early development of velocity sensitivity to rotational motion. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/6.6.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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33
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Imura T, Yamaguchi MK, Kanazawa S, Shirai N, Otsuka Y, Tomonaga M, Yagi A. Perception of 3-D shape from moving cast shadow in human infants. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/6.6.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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34
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Shirai N, Kanazawa S, Yamaguchi MK. Early development of anisotropic sensitivities for expansion/contraction detection. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/5.8.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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35
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Ehara S, Okuyama T, Shirai N, Oe H, Matsumura Y, Sugioka K, Itoh T, Otani K, Hozumi T, Yoshiyama M, Yoshikawa J. Comprehensive evaluation of the apex beat using 64-slice computed tomography: Impact of left ventricular mass and distance to chest wall. J Cardiol 2010; 55:256-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
The present article describes an occurrence of eosinophilic airway inflammation of a 4-year-old female cynomolgus monkey in a vehicle control group of a routine toxicology study. Histologically, the airway lesion was characterized by prominent eosinophilic infiltrates, accompanied by mast cells, lymphocytes, and plasmacytes. The eosinophilic infiltrates were distributed throughout the airway: from trachea through respiratory bronchioles in the lung. The morphological feature of the lesion was indicative of an allergic airway disorder that can occur in humans with asthma. The present case is remarkable in that there is a paucity of reports on naturally occurring allergic airway disorders in nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shirai
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
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Sugioka K, Naruko T, Hozumi T, Nakagawa M, Kitabayashi C, Ikura Y, Shirai N, Matsumura Y, Ehara S, Ujino K, Itoh A, Haze K, Becker AE, Yoshiyama M, Ueda M. Elevated levels of neopterin are associated with carotid plaques with complex morphology in patients with stable angina pectoris. Atherosclerosis 2009; 208:524-30. [PMID: 19716563 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neopterin is an activation marker for monocytes/macrophages, and circulating levels of neopterin are elevated in patients with coronary complex lesions in unstable angina pectoris. We investigated the possible association between neopterin and complex carotid plaques which may be associated with the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP). METHODS We measured plasma levels of neopterin in 102 patients with SAP and carotid ultrasound was performed for evaluation of the presence of carotid plaques and plaque surface characteristics categorized as complex or noncomplex. In addition, endarterectomy specimens of extracranial high-grade carotid stenosis with complex plaques from five patients with SAP were immunohistochemically examined with antibodies to smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, platelets, macrophages, and T cells. RESULTS Plasma neopterin levels were significantly higher in patients with complex carotid plaques than in those with noncomplex plaques (median [interquartile range]: 24.2 [19.2-39.3]nmol/L vs. 19.4 [11.9-25.1]nmol/L; P=0.01) or without any plaques (18.8 [14.9-23.6]nmol/L; P=0.001). On multivariate logistic analyses after adjustment for traditional atherosclerotic risk factors, multi-vessel coronary disease and high sensitivity C-reactive protein, neopterin levels were independently associated with the presence of complex carotid plaques (adjusted OR 2.21 per SD increase, 95%CI 1.13-4.33, P=0.02). Immunohistochemical staining revealed abundant neopterin-positive macrophages in carotid complex lesions. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that carotid plaques with complex morphology have increased circulating neopterin levels and immunohistochemical localization of neopterin in patients with SAP. Neopterin can be considered an important biomarker of plaque destabilization in carotid artery atherosclerotic lesions in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sugioka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Yunoki K, Naruko T, Komatsu R, Ehara S, Shirai N, Sugioka K, Nakagawa M, Kitabayashi C, Ikura Y, Itoh A, Kusano K, Ohe T, Haze K, Becker AE, Ueda M. Enhanced expression of haemoglobin scavenger receptor in accumulated macrophages of culprit lesions in acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 2009; 30:1844-52. [PMID: 19556258 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Effective clearance of extracellular haemoglobin (Hb) is thought to limit systemic oxidative heme toxicity, which is presumed to contribute to the pathogenesis of plaque instability. We immunohistochemically examined the relationship between intraplaque haemorrhage, 4-HNE (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal), an index of lipid peroxidation, and the Hb scavenger receptor (CD163), using coronary atherectomy specimens from 74 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP, n = 39) or unstable angina pectoris (UAP, n = 35). METHODS AND RESULTS Atherectomy samples were stained with antibodies against glycophorin A (a protein specific to erythrocyte membranes), CD31, 4-HNE, and CD163. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that glycophorin A-positive areas, 4-HNE-positive macrophage score, and CD163-positive macrophage score in UAP patients were significantly higher (glycophorin A, P < 0.0001; 4-HNE-positive macrophage score, P < 0.0001; CD163-positive macrophage score, P < 0.0005) than in SAP patients. The percentage of the glycophorin A-positive area showed a significant positive correlation with the number of CD31-positive microvessels and the 4-HNE-positive macrophage score (microvessels, R = 0.59, P < 0.0001; 4-HNE, R = 0.59, P < 0.0001). Moreover, the CD163-positive macrophage score was positively correlated with glycophorin A-positive area and the 4-HNE-positive macrophage score (glycophorin A, R = 0.58, P < 0.0001; 4-HNE, R = 0.53, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION These findings suggest a positive association among intraplaque haemorrhage, enhanced expression of Hb scavenger receptor, and lipid peroxidation in human unstable plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Yunoki
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Tsumori T, Kataoka T, Kobayashi Y, Xiaohui G, Takeshita H, Shirai N, Matsumoto R, Nakata S, Ehara S, Yoshiyama M. Utility of novel volumetric intravascular ultrasound analysis software for coronary artery disease. Osaka City Med J 2009; 55:1-7. [PMID: 19725429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volumetric intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) analysis has contributed significantly to the assessment of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study is to validate the novel IVUS analysis software (NICORAS) compared to the previously validated software (EchoPlaque). METHODS Selected from clinical cases, we used 30 IVUS images that utilized motorized pullback at 0.5 mm/sec. Judging from at least two vascular landmarks, identical coronary artery segments were selected and analyzed with two software systems (NICORAS and EchoPlaque). Lumen and external elastic membrane (EEM) borderlines were traced at every 0.5 mm interval. Plaque area was calculated as EEM minus lumen area. Then, volumetric IVUS data were calculated using interpolated frame data from which lumen, EEM, and plaque volume were computed. RESULTS The average analyzed coronary segment was 15.4 +/- 4.3 mm. There was excellent agreement between NICORAS and EchoPlaque for lumen volume (r = 0.999, p < 0.0001), EEM volume (r= 0.999, p < 0.0001), and plaque volume (r = 0.998, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The new volumetric IVUS analysis software provided IVUS data similar to previously examined software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takara Tsumori
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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40
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Ehara S, Okuyama T, Shirai N, Sugioka K, Oe H, Itoh T, Matsuoka T, Ikura Y, Ueda M, Naruko T, Hozumi T, Yoshiyama M. Inadequate Increase in the Volume of Major Epicardial Coronary Arteries Compared With That in Left Ventricular Mass Novel Concept for Characterization of Coronary Arteries Using 64-Slice Computed Tomography. Circ J 2009; 73:1448-53. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-08-1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Ehara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takuhiro Okuyama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kenichi Sugioka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroki Oe
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Toshiyuki Matsuoka
- Department of Radiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiro Ikura
- Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Makiko Ueda
- Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Takeshi Hozumi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Minoru Yoshiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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Nakata S, Yokoi Y, Matsumoto R, Shirai N, Otsuka R, Sugioka K, Yoshitani H, Ehara S, Kataoka T, Yoshiyama M. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes following ischemic heart disease in patients with and without peripheral vascular disease. Osaka City Med J 2008; 54:21-30. [PMID: 18819262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, few studies have evaluated the prognosis of asymptomatic PVD in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic and symptomatic PVD in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) or unstable angina pectoris (UAP) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to conduct a 3-year follow-up for cardiovascular events. Systemic atherosclerosis was evaluated, using duplex ultrasonography in 380 consecutive patients who had undergone PCI from January 2003 to December 2005. RESULTS Twenty-four percent of the CAD patients had PVD. Patients with PVD had significantly more risk factors for atherosclerosis, including increased age, diabetes mellitus, smoking (p < 0.05), and multivessel CAD (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that STEMI, PVD and multivessel CAD were independent predictors for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (p < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier curves for MACE in all the patients showed that the MACE rates were significantly higher in STEMI and PVD cases compared with other cases (p < 0.05). We also classified patients with PVD into symptomatic (53%) and asymptomatic (47%) cases, and the MACE rates between these groups did not differ significantly (p < 0.82). CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of asymptomatic PVD in patients with CAD and even asymptomatic PVD is associated with increased CAD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Nakata
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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42
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Sugioka K, Hozumi T, Iwata S, Oe H, Okuyama T, Shirai N, Yamashita H, Ehara S, Kataoka T, Yoshikawa J, Ueda M, Yoshiyama M. Morphological But Not Functional Changes of the Carotid Artery Are Associated With the Extent of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Preserved Left Ventricular Function. Stroke 2008; 39:1597-9. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.107.502732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sugioka
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hozumi
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichi Iwata
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Oe
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Okuyama
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shirai
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hajime Yamashita
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoichi Ehara
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Kataoka
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junichi Yoshikawa
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Ueda
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshiyama
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Cardiology (K.S., T.H., S.I., H.O., T.O., N.S., H.Y., S.E., T.K., M.Y.) and Pathology (M.U.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the Department of Cardiology (J.Y.), Osaka Ekisaikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Shirai N, Yabana T, Ueda M. [Pathology of Kawasaki disease]. Nihon Rinsho 2008; 66:251-257. [PMID: 18260322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute febrile disorder with systemic arteritis predominantly in the coronary arteries, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in childhood. Since many KD patients have reached adulthood, the question arises whether post-KD arteritis lesions can become a risk factor for atherosclerosis of coronary arteries. We immunohistochemically investigated post-KD coronary arteries obtained from autopsied patients. All coronary arteries with KD revealed marked and diffuse intimal proliferation, and occasional sites revealed aneurysmal formation. Coronary arteries, with intervals more than 5 years after the onset, showed distinct atherosclerotic changes of intimal lesions associated with dedifferentiation of smooth muscle cells. These results strongly suggest that post-KD intimal lesions can become atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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44
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Okuyama T, Ehara S, Shirai N, Sugioka K, Yamashita H, Kataoka T, Naruko T, Itoh T, Otani K, Matsuoka T, Inoue Y, Ueda M, Yoshikawa J, Hozumi T, Yoshiyama M. Assessment of Aortic Atheromatous Plaque and Stiffness by 64-Slice Computed Tomography is Useful for Identifying Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Circ J 2008; 72:2021-7. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-08-0396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuhiro Okuyama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shoichi Ehara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Nobuyuki Shirai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kenichi Sugioka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hajime Yamashita
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Toru Kataoka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Toshiyuki Matsuoka
- Department of Radiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yuichi Inoue
- Department of Radiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Makiko Ueda
- Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Takeshi Hozumi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Minoru Yoshiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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Ehara S, Naruko T, Shirai N, Itoh A, Hai E, Sugama Y, Ikura Y, Ohsawa M, Okuyama T, Shirai N, Yamashita H, Itabe H, Haze K, Yoshiyama M, Ueda M. Small Coronary Calcium Deposits and Elevated Plasma Levels of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein are Characteristic of Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Atheroscler Thromb 2008; 15:75-81. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.e523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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46
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Furuta T, Sugimoto M, Shirai N, Matsushita F, Nakajima H, Kumagai J, Senoo K, Kodaira C, Nishino M, Yamade M, Ikuma M, Watanabe H, Umemura K, Ishizaki T, Hishida A. Effect of MDR1 C3435T polymorphism on cure rates of Helicobacter pylori infection by triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin in relation to CYP 2C19 genotypes and 23S rRNA genotypes of H. pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007; 26:693-703. [PMID: 17697203 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphism in MDR1 is associated with variation in the plasma level of a proton pump inhibitor. AIM To investigate whether MDR1 polymorphism is associated with eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori by a triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin in relation to CYP2C19 genotype status and bacterial susceptibility to clarithromycin. METHODS A total of 313 patients infected with H. pylori completed the treatment with lansoprazole 30 mg b.d., clarithromycin 200 mg b.d. and amoxicillin 750 mg b.d. for 1 week. MDR1 C3435T polymorphism and CYP2C19 genotypes of patients and sensitivity of H. pylori to clarithromycin were determined. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis revealed that the MDR1 polymorphism as well as CYP2C19 genotypes of patients and clarithromycin-resistance of H. pylori were significantly associated with successful eradication. Eradication rates for H. pylori were 82% (83/101: 95% CI = 73-89), 81% (112/139: CI = 73-87), and 67% (44/73: CI = 48-72) in patients with the MDR1 3435 C/C, C/T and T/T genotype, respectively (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphism of MDR1 is one of the determinants of successful eradication of H. pylori by the triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin, together with CYP2C19 genotype and bacterial susceptibility to clarithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Furuta
- Center for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Furuta T, Sugimoto M, Shirai N, Matsushita F, Nakajima H, Kumagai J, Senoo K, Kodaira C, Nishino M, Yamade M, Ikuma M, Watanabe H, Umemura K, Ishizaki T, Hishida A. Effect of MDR1 C3435T polymorphism on cure rates of Helicobacter pylori infection by triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin in relation to CYP 2C19 genotypes and 23S rRNA genotypes of H. pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007. [PMID: 17697203 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphism in MDR1 is associated with variation in the plasma level of a proton pump inhibitor. AIM To investigate whether MDR1 polymorphism is associated with eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori by a triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin in relation to CYP2C19 genotype status and bacterial susceptibility to clarithromycin. METHODS A total of 313 patients infected with H. pylori completed the treatment with lansoprazole 30 mg b.d., clarithromycin 200 mg b.d. and amoxicillin 750 mg b.d. for 1 week. MDR1 C3435T polymorphism and CYP2C19 genotypes of patients and sensitivity of H. pylori to clarithromycin were determined. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis revealed that the MDR1 polymorphism as well as CYP2C19 genotypes of patients and clarithromycin-resistance of H. pylori were significantly associated with successful eradication. Eradication rates for H. pylori were 82% (83/101: 95% CI = 73-89), 81% (112/139: CI = 73-87), and 67% (44/73: CI = 48-72) in patients with the MDR1 3435 C/C, C/T and T/T genotype, respectively (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphism of MDR1 is one of the determinants of successful eradication of H. pylori by the triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin, together with CYP2C19 genotype and bacterial susceptibility to clarithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Furuta
- Center for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Adachi T, Naruko T, Itoh A, Komatsu R, Abe Y, Shirai N, Yamashita H, Ehara S, Nakagawa M, Kitabayashi C, Ikura Y, Ohsawa M, Yoshiyama M, Haze K, Ueda M. Neopterin is associated with plaque inflammation and destabilisation in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Heart 2007; 93:1537-41. [PMID: 17575334 PMCID: PMC2095726 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2006.109736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that recent activation of the inflammatory response in coronary atherosclerotic lesions contributes to rapid progressive plaque destabilisation. Neopterin, a by-product of the guanosine triphosphate pathway, is produced by activated macrophages and serves as an activation marker for monocytes/macrophages. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role of neopterin in coronary plaque destabilisation by immunohistochemical study of the presence of neopterin in coronary atherectomy specimens obtained from patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and unstable angina pectoris (UAP). PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients underwent atherectomy of the primary atherosclerotic lesions responsible for SAP (n = 25) and UAP (n = 25). Frozen samples were studied with antibodies against smooth muscle cells, macrophages, T cells, neutrophils and neopterin. RESULTS In 22/25 patients with UAP, abundant neopterin-positive macrophages were found at the sites of coronary culprit lesions. However, in 25 lesions from patients with SAP, only 11 lesions showed neopterin positivity. Quantitatively, the neopterin-positive macrophage score was significantly higher (p<0.001) in patients with UAP than in patients with SAP. Moreover, the neopterin-positive macrophage score showed a significant positive correlation with the number of neutrophils or T cells, respectively (neutrophils, r = 0.55, p<0.001; T cells, r = 0.70, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Neopterin can be considered as one of the significant factors in the process of plaque inflammation and destabilisation in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Its exact role in the process needs to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22, Miyakojima-hondori, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0021, Japan
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Yamashita H, Ehara S, Yoshiyama M, Naruko T, Haze K, Shirai N, Sugama Y, Ikura Y, Ohsawa M, Itabe H, Kataoka T, Kobayashi Y, Becker AE, Yoshikawa J, Ueda M. Elevated plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein relate to the presence of angiographically detected complex and thrombotic coronary artery lesion morphology in patients with unstable angina. Circ J 2007; 71:681-7. [PMID: 17456991 DOI: 10.1253/circj.71.681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) are related to plaque instability, so the aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between angiographic coronary plaque morphology in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and the level of ox-LDL. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma ox-LDL levels were measured in 149 patients with UAP and in 88 control subjects, using a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Angiographic morphology of the culprit lesion was classified as either simple or complex based on the Ambrose classification. Plasma ox-LDL levels in patients with Braunwald class III were significantly higher than in patients with class I (p<0.0001) or in control subjects (p<0.0001). In each of the 3 Braunwald classes, plasma ox-LDL levels in patients with a complex lesion were significantly higher than in patients with a simple lesion. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ox-LDL level and Braunwald class III were independent factors associated with angiographically detected complex lesions. CONCLUSION In each Braunwald class of UAP, elevated plasma levels of ox-LDL closely relate to the presence of angiographically detected complex and thrombotic lesion morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Yamashita
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Furuta T, Shirai N, Kodaira M, Sugimoto M, Nogaki A, Kuriyama S, Iwaizumi M, Yamade M, Terakawa I, Ohashi K, Ishizaki T, Hishida A. Pharmacogenomics-based tailored versus standard therapeutic regimen for eradication of H. pylori. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 81:521-8. [PMID: 17215846 DOI: 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori eradication rates by triple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin at standard doses depend on bacterial susceptibility to clarithromycin and patient CYP2C19 genotypes. We examined the usefulness of a personalized therapy for H. pylori infection based on these factors as determined by genetic testing. First, optimal lansoprazole dosing schedules that would achieve sufficient acid inhibition to allow H. pylori eradication therapy in each of different CYP2C19 genotype groups were determined by a 24-h intragastric pH monitoring. Next, 300 H. pylori-positive patients were randomly assigned to the standard regimen group (lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily (b.i.d.)), clarithromycin 400 mg b.i.d., and amoxicillin 750 mg b.i.d. for 1 week) or the tailored regimen group based on CYP2C19 status and bacterial susceptibility to clarithromycin assessed by genetic testing. Patients with failure of eradication underwent the second-line regimen. The per-patient cost required for successful eradication was calculated for each of the groups. In the first-line therapy, the intention-to-treat eradication rate in the tailored regimen group was 96.0% (95% CI=91.5-98.2%, 144/150), significantly higher than that in the standard regimen group (70.0%: 95% CI=62.2-77.2%, 105/150) (P<0.001). Final costs per successful eradication in the tailored and standard regimen groups were $669 and $657, respectively. In conclusion, the pharmacogenomics-based tailored treatment for H. pylori infection allowed a higher eradication rate by the initial treatment without an increase of the final per-patient cost for successful eradication. However, the precise cost-effectiveness of this strategy remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Furuta
- Center for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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