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Miyahara Y, Chen H, Moriyama M, Mochizuki K, Kaneko N, Haque ASMR, Chinju A, Kai K, Sakamoto M, Kakizoe-Ishiguro N, Yamauchi M, Ogata K, Kiyoshima T, Kawano S, Nakamura S. Toll-like receptor 9-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells promote Th17 immune responses in oral lichen planus stimulated by epithelium-derived cathepsin K. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19320. [PMID: 37935734 PMCID: PMC10630478 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46090-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with T cell infiltration. The crosstalk between oral epithelium and mucosal T cells was considered to be crucial in the pathogenesis of OLP. Here, we selectively extracted the normal epithelium (NE) and lesional epithelium (LE) of buccal mucosa specimens from three patients with OLP by laser capture microdissection due to identify the pathogenic factors. Cathepsin K (CTSK) was identified as one of common upregulated genes in the LE by DNA microarray. Immunohistochemically, CTSK was distinctly detected in and around the LE, while it was rarely seen in the NE. Recent studies showed that CTSK enhanced Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) signaling in antigen-presenting cells, leading to Th17 cell differentiation. TLR9 expression mainly co-localized with CD123+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). The number of RORγt-positive cells correlated with that of CTSK-positive cells in OLP tissues. CD123+ pDCs induced the production of Th17-related cytokines (IL-6, IL-23, and TGF-β) upon stimulation with TLR9 agonist CpG DNA. Moreover, single cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that TLR9-positive pDCs enhanced in genes associated with Th17 cell differentiation in comparison with TLR9-negative pDCs. CTSK could induce Th17-related production of CD123+ pDCs via TLR9 signaling to promote the pathogenesis of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Miyahara
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hu Chen
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masafumi Moriyama
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Keita Mochizuki
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Naoki Kaneko
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - A S M Rafiul Haque
- Department of Dental Anatomy, Udayan Dental College, Rajpara, Bangladesh
| | - Akira Chinju
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kai
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mizuki Sakamoto
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Noriko Kakizoe-Ishiguro
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamauchi
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ogata
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Kiyoshima
- Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kawano
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Seiji Nakamura
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Chinju A, Moriyama M, Kakizoe-Ishiguro N, Chen H, Miyahara Y, Haque ASMR, Furusho K, Sakamoto M, Kai K, Kibe K, Hatakeyama-Furukawa S, Ito-Ohta M, Maehara T, Nakamura S. CD163 + M2 macrophages promote fibrosis in IgG4-related disease via TLR7/IRAK4/NF-κB signaling. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 74:892-901. [PMID: 34907668 PMCID: PMC9322461 DOI: 10.1002/art.42043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is a fibro‐inflammatory condition that can affect multiple organs. We previously demonstrated that TLR7‐transgenic C57BL/6 mice showed elevated serum IgG1 levels and inflammation with fibrosis in the salivary glands (SGs), lungs, and pancreas. Moreover, we observed extensive Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR‐7)–positive CD163+ M2 macrophage infiltration in SGs from IgG4‐RD patients. We undertook this study to examine the fibrotic mechanism via the TLR‐7 pathway. Methods Gene expression in SGs from human TLR7‐transgenic mice and IgG4‐RD patients was analyzed using DNA microarrays. We extracted the common up‐regulated TLR‐7–related genes in SGs from TLR7‐transgenic mice and IgG4‐RD patients. Finally, we investigated the interaction between CD163+ M2 macrophages and fibroblasts before and after stimulation with the TLR‐7 agonist loxoribine. Results In TLR7‐transgenic mice and IgG4‐RD patients, IRAK3 and IRAK4 were significantly overexpressed. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction validated the up‐regulation of only IRAK4 in IgG4‐RD patients compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Interleukin‐1 receptor–associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) was strongly detected in and around germinal centers in SGs from patients with IgG4‐related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis alone. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IRAK4‐positive cells were mainly colocalized with CD163+ M2 macrophages in SGs (P < 0.05). After stimulation with loxoribine, CD163+ M2 macrophages exhibited significantly enhanced expression of IRAK4 and NF‐κB and increased supernatant concentrations of fibrotic cytokines. Finally, we confirmed that the number of fibroblasts was increased by culture with the supernatant of CD163+ M2 macrophages following stimulation with loxoribine (P < 0.05). Conclusion CD163+ M2 macrophages promote fibrosis in IgG4‐RD by increasing the production of fibrotic cytokines via TLR‐7/IRAK4/NF‐κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Chinju
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Moriyama
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noriko Kakizoe-Ishiguro
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hu Chen
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Miyahara
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A S M Rafiul Haque
- Department of Dental Anatomy, Udayan Dental College, Rajpara, Bangladesh
| | - Katsuhiro Furusho
- Sleep and Aging Regulation Research Project Team, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mizuki Sakamoto
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kai
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kotono Kibe
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Hatakeyama-Furukawa
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miho Ito-Ohta
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Maehara
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiji Nakamura
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kai K, Moriyama M, Haque ASMR, Hattori T, Chinju A, Hu C, Kubota K, Miyahara Y, Kakizoe-Ishiguro N, Kawano S, Nakamura S. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Contributes to Differentiation of Monocyte-Derived Tumor-Associated Macrophages via PAI-1 and IL-8 Production. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9475. [PMID: 34502382 PMCID: PMC8430735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, as well as anti-tumor immune suppression. Recent studies have shown that tumors enhance the recruitment and differentiation of TAMs, but the detailed mechanisms have not been clarified. We thus examined the influence of cancer cells on the differentiation of monocytes to TAM subsets, including CD163+, CD204+, and CD206+ cells, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and a cytokine array. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of OSCC cells (HSC-2, SQUU-A, and SQUU-B cells) on the differentiation of purified CD14+ cells to TAM subsets. The localization patterns of CD163+, CD204+, and CD206+ in OSCC sections were quite different. The expression of CD206 on CD14+ cells was significantly increased after the co-culture with OSCC cell lines, while the expressions of CD163 and CD204 on CD14+ cells showed no change. High concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were detected in the conditioned medium of OSCC cell lines. PAI-1 and IL-8 stimulated CD14+ cells to express CD206. Moreover, there were positive correlations among the numbers of CD206+, PAI-1+, and IL-8+ cells in OSCC sections. These results suggest that PAI-1 and IL-8 produced by OSCC contribute to the differentiation of monocytes to CD206+ TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kai
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Masafumi Moriyama
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
- OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - A. S. M. Rafiul Haque
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
- Department of Dental Anatomy, Udayan Dental College, House No: 1, Ward No: 7, Chondipur, GPO, Rajpara, Rajshahi 6000, Bangladesh
| | - Taichi Hattori
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Akira Chinju
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Chen Hu
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Keigo Kubota
- Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Yuka Miyahara
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Noriko Kakizoe-Ishiguro
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Shintaro Kawano
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Seiji Nakamura
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (A.S.M.R.H.); (T.H.); (A.C.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (N.K.-I.); (S.K.); (S.N.)
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