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Kosti A, Borakati A, Varma A, Gupta A, Mustafa A, Hakeem A, Quddus A, Sahl AB, Beniwal A, Adesuyi A, Krzak AM, Brooks A, Frampton A, Gadhvi A, Talbot A, Elnogoomi A, Mahgoub A, Naqvi A, Pervez A, Bodla AS, Taha A, Tawfik A, Prabhu A, Puri A, Belgaumkar A, Gupta A, McCrorie A, Findlay A, Healey A, De Prendergast A, Farrugia A, Dosis A, Adiamah A, Sallam A, Wong A, Bradley A, Martin A, Collins A, Awan A, Bond A, Koh A, Kourdouli A, Patel AG, Dhannoon A, Khalil A, Banerjee A, Khan A, Elserafy A, Alamassi A, Owen A, Benjafield A, Zuccarrelli A, Luhmann A, Jones A, Kennedy-Dalby A, Smith AM, Kaul A, Kumar A, White A, Baker A, Minicozzi A, Bardoli A, Golpe AL, Manzelli A, Sivakumar A, Saha A, Shajpal A, Lango A, Cotton A, Nair A, Brown A, Menon A, Tandon A, Afza A, Hassan A, Shamali A, Khalid A, Regan A, Piramanayagam B, Oyewole B, Ibrahim B, Murphy B, Clayton B, Jenkins B, Kumar B, Rybinski B, Khor BY, Davidson BR, Lees B, Blacklock C, Johnstone C, Salinas CH, Boven C, Wolstenholme C, Chin C, Gilmore C, Sharp C, Walker C, Harris C, Khanna C, Ferguson C, Kyriakides C, Bee C, Currow C, Parmar C, Collins C, Halloran C, Smart CJ, Neophytou C, Delaney C, Anele C, Heugh C, Choh CTP, Kenington C, Wyatt C, Borg CM, Mole D, Arumugam D, Gunia D, Porter D, Berry D, Griffith D, Hou D, Longbotham D, Mitton D, Strachan D, Di Mauro D, Worku D, Heaphy D, Dunne D, Yeung D, Arambepola D, Leswas DA, Pournaras DJ, Damaskos D, Saleh D, Osilli D, Pearman D, Whitelaw D, Haq EU, Mack E, Spurring E, Jamieson E, Lenzi E, Gemmill E, Gammeri E, Bota E, Britton E, Farrow E, Lloyd E, Moran E, Itobi E, Craig E, Tanaka E, Chohda E, Muhammad FU, Youssef F, Roslan F, Amir F, Froghi F, Di Franco F, Abbadessa F, DiMaggio F, Gurung G, Faulkner G, Choa G, Kerans G, Davis GN, Galanopoulos G, Karagiannidis G, McCabe G, Mohammadi-Zaniani G, Nawaz G, Van Boxel G, Bond-Smith G, Tierney GM, Muthukumarasamy G, Grey G, Wong G, Finch G, Khan H, Bourne H, Javanmard-Emamghissi H, Murray H, Rottenburg H, Wright H, Khalil H, Spiers HVM, Bashiti H, Shanti H, Ebied H, Ng HJ, Hamid HKS, Kim H, Wilson I, Rajendran I, Gerogiannis I, Patel I, El-Abbassy I, Burridge I, Caldwll J, Jackman J, Clark J, Duncan J, Milburn J, O’Kelly J, Olivier J, Rink J, Royle J, Rai J, Latif J, Ahmad J, Maliyil J, Carr J, Coles J, McGarry J, Apollos J, Lim J, Gray J, Thomas J, Bennett J, Findlay J, Spearman J, Young J, Lund JN, Meilak J, Alfred J, Welsh J, Chan JH, Martin J, Patel K, Ko KYK, Isand K, Razi K, Sarathy K, Powezka K, Foster K, Peleki K, Bevan K, Fox K, Edwards K, Larsen K, Spellar K, Oh KE, Kong K, Brown K, Roberts KJ, Seymour K, Beatson K, Etherson K, Willis K, Mann K, Nizami K, Rajput K, Lavery L, Sawdon L, Nip L, Al-Hamed L, Fagan L, Watton L, Saint-Grant AL, Convie L, Girard LP, Huppler L, Marsh L, Seretny L, Newton L, Buksh M, Sallam M, Mathew M, Prasanth MN, Nayar M, Wijeyaratne M, Hollyman M, Ransome M, Popa M, Galea M, Taylor M, Gismondi M, Michel M, Wadley M, Al-Azzawi M, Claxton M, Kuzman M, Bonomaully M, Newman M, Bhandari M, Courtney M, Jones M, Rarity M, Wilson M, Ebraheem M, Elnaghi M, Mohamed MSN, Al-Hijaji M, Al-Rashedy M, Qayum MK, Zourob M, Gaber M, Rao M, Islam MA, Rashid MU, Zafar M, Naqvi M, Ahmad MN, Telfah M, Merali N, Hanbali N, Gulnaz N, Kumar N, Husain N, Angamuthu N, Murali N, Kirmani N, Assaf N, Doshi N, Shah NS, Basra N, Menezes N, Dai N, Schuijtvlot N, Kansal N, Chidumije N, Yassin N, Babalola O, Oyende O, Williams O, Pawlik O, O'Connor O, Jalil OA, Ryska O, Vaz O, Sarmah P, Jayawardena P, Patel P, Hart P, Cromwell P, Manby P, Marriott P, Needham P, Ghaneh P, Rao PKD, Eves P, Coe PO, May-Miller P, Szatmary P, Ireland P, Seta P, Ravi P, Janardhanan P, Patil P, Mistry P, Heer P, Patel P, Nunes Q, Ain Q, Clifford R, Brindle R, Lee RXN, Lim RQH, Rahman R, Kumar RM, Lunevicius R, Mukherjee R, Lahiri R, Behmida R, Rajebhosale R, Levy R, Chhabra R, Oliphant R, Freeman R, Jones RM, Elkalbash R, Brignall R, Bell R, Byrom R, Laing RW, Patel R, Buhain R, Clark R, Sutton R, Presa R, Lawther R, Patel R, Zakeri R, Mashar R, Wei R, Baron R, Tasleem S, Kadambot SS, Azam S, Wajed S, Ali S, Body S, Saeed S, Bandyopadhyay S, Mohamed S, Pandanaboyana S, Hassasing S, Dyer S, Small S, Seeralakandapalan S, Arumugam S, Chakravartty S, Ong SL, Ooi SZY, Nazir S, Zafar S, Shirazi S, Bharucha S, Majid S, Ahmed S, Rajamanickam SK, Albalkiny S, Ng S, Chowdhury S, Yahia S, Handa S, Fallis S, Fisher S, Jones S, Phillips S, Mitra S, Aroori S, Thanki S, Rozwadowski S, Tucker S, Conroy S, Barman S, Bhat S, McCallion S, Knight SR, Tezas S, van Laarhoven S, Cowie S, Rao S, Sellahewa S, Bhatti S, Kaistha S, Moug SJ, Argyropoulos S, Virupaksha S, Difford T, Shikh-Bahaei T, Saafan T, Lo T, Magro T, Gala T, Katbeh T, Athwal T, Lo T, Fraser T, Anyomih T, Chase TJG, Walker T, Ward T, Gallagher TK, Richardson T, Wiggins T, Ali U, Patnam V, Kanakala V, Beynon V, Hudson VE, Morrison-Jones V, Korwar V, Massella V, Parekh V, Ng V, Toh WH, Toh W, Hawkins W, Cambridge W, Harrison W, Tan YY, Aal YA, Malam Y, Toumi Z, Khaddar ZA, Bleything Z. PANC Study (Pancreatitis: A National Cohort Study): national cohort study examining the first 30 days from presentation of acute pancreatitis in the UK. BJS Open 2023; 7:zrad008. [PMID: 37161673 PMCID: PMC10170253 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is a common, yet complex, emergency surgical presentation. Multiple guidelines exist and management can vary significantly. The aim of this first UK, multicentre, prospective cohort study was to assess the variation in management of acute pancreatitis to guide resource planning and optimize treatment. METHODS All patients aged greater than or equal to 18 years presenting with acute pancreatitis, as per the Atlanta criteria, from March to April 2021 were eligible for inclusion and followed up for 30 days. Anonymized data were uploaded to a secure electronic database in line with local governance approvals. RESULTS A total of 113 hospitals contributed data on 2580 patients, with an equal sex distribution and a mean age of 57 years. The aetiology was gallstones in 50.6 per cent, with idiopathic the next most common (22.4 per cent). In addition to the 7.6 per cent with a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, 20.1 per cent of patients had a previous episode of acute pancreatitis. One in 20 patients were classed as having severe pancreatitis, as per the Atlanta criteria. The overall mortality rate was 2.3 per cent at 30 days, but rose to one in three in the severe group. Predictors of death included male sex, increased age, and frailty; previous acute pancreatitis and gallstones as aetiologies were protective. Smoking status and body mass index did not affect death. CONCLUSION Most patients presenting with acute pancreatitis have a mild, self-limiting disease. Rates of patients with idiopathic pancreatitis are high. Recurrent attacks of pancreatitis are common, but are likely to have reduced risk of death on subsequent admissions.
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Sartelli M, Abu-Zidan FM, Labricciosa FM, Kluger Y, Coccolini F, Ansaloni L, Leppäniemi A, Kirkpatrick AW, Tolonen M, Tranà C, Regimbeau JM, Hardcastle T, Koshy RM, Abbas A, Aday U, Adesunkanmi ARK, Ajibade A, Akhmeteli L, Akın E, Akkapulu N, Alotaibi A, Altintoprak F, Anyfantakis D, Atanasov B, Augustin G, Azevedo C, Bala M, Balalis D, Baraket O, Baral S, Barkai O, Beltran M, Bini R, Bouliaris K, Caballero AB, Calu V, Catani M, Ceresoli M, Charalampakis V, Jusoh AC, Chiarugi M, Cillara N, Cuesta RC, Cobuccio L, Cocorullo G, Colak E, Conti L, Cui Y, De Simone B, Delibegovic S, Demetrashvili Z, Demetriades D, Dimova A, Dogjani A, Enani M, Farina F, Ferrara F, Foghetti D, Fontana T, Fraga GP, Gachabayov M, Gérard G, Ghnnam W, Maurel TG, Gkiokas G, Gomes CA, Guner A, Gupta S, Hecker A, Hirano ES, Hodonou A, Hutan M, Ilaschuk I, Ioannidis O, Isik A, Ivakhov G, Jain S, Jokubauskas M, Karamarkovic A, Kaushik R, Kenig J, Khokha V, Khokha D, Kim JI, Kong V, Korkolis D, Kruger VF, Kshirsagar A, Simões RL, Lanaia A, Lasithiotakis K, Leão P, Arellano ML, Listle H, Litvin A, Lizarazu Pérez A, Lopez-Tomassetti Fernandez E, Lostoridis E, Luppi D, Machain V GM, Major P, Manatakis D, Reitz MM, Marinis A, Marrelli D, Martínez-Pérez A, Marwah S, McFarlane M, Mesic M, Mesina C, Michalopoulos N, Misiakos E, Moreira FG, Mouaqit O, Muhtaroglu A, Naidoo N, Negoi I, Nikitina Z, Nikolopoulos I, Nita GE, Occhionorelli S, Olaoye I, Ordoñez CA, Ozkan Z, Pal A, Palini GM, Papageorgiou K, Papagoras D, Pata F, Pędziwiatr M, Pereira J, Pereira Junior GA, Perrone G, Pintar T, Pisarska M, Plehutsa O, Podda M, Poillucci G, Quiodettis M, Rahim T, Rios-Cruz D, Rodrigues G, Rozov D, Sakakushev B, Sall I, Sazhin A, Semião M, Sharda T, Shelat V, Sinibaldi G, Skicko D, Skrovina M, Stamatiou D, Stella M, Strzałka M, Sydorchuk R, Teixeira Gonsaga RA, Tochie JN, Tomadze G, Ugoletti L, Ulrych J, Ümarik T, Uzunoglu MY, Vasilescu A, Vaz O, Vereczkei A, Vlad N, Walędziak M, Yahya AI, Yalkin O, Yilmaz TU, Ünal AE, Yuan KC, Zachariah SK, Žilinskas J, Zizzo M, Pattonieri V, Baiocchi GL, Catena F. Physiological parameters for Prognosis in Abdominal Sepsis (PIPAS) Study: a WSES observational study. World J Emerg Surg 2019; 14:34. [PMID: 31341511 PMCID: PMC6631509 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-019-0253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timing and adequacy of peritoneal source control are the most important pillars in the management of patients with acute peritonitis. Therefore, early prognostic evaluation of acute peritonitis is paramount to assess the severity and establish a prompt and appropriate treatment. The objectives of this study were to identify clinical and laboratory predictors for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute peritonitis and to develop a warning score system, based on easily recognizable and assessable variables, globally accepted. METHODS This worldwide multicentre observational study included 153 surgical departments across 56 countries over a 4-month study period between February 1, 2018, and May 31, 2018. RESULTS A total of 3137 patients were included, with 1815 (57.9%) men and 1322 (42.1%) women, with a median age of 47 years (interquartile range [IQR] 28-66). The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 8.9%, with a median length of stay of 6 days (IQR 4-10). Using multivariable logistic regression, independent variables associated with in-hospital mortality were identified: age > 80 years, malignancy, severe cardiovascular disease, severe chronic kidney disease, respiratory rate ≥ 22 breaths/min, systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg, AVPU responsiveness scale (voice and unresponsive), blood oxygen saturation level (SpO2) < 90% in air, platelet count < 50,000 cells/mm3, and lactate > 4 mmol/l. These variables were used to create the PIPAS Severity Score, a bedside early warning score for patients with acute peritonitis. The overall mortality was 2.9% for patients who had scores of 0-1, 22.7% for those who had scores of 2-3, 46.8% for those who had scores of 4-5, and 86.7% for those who have scores of 7-8. CONCLUSIONS The simple PIPAS Severity Score can be used on a global level and can help clinicians to identify patients at high risk for treatment failure and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fikri M. Abu-Zidan
- 0000 0001 2193 6666grid.43519.3aDepartment of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Yoram Kluger
- 0000 0000 9950 8111grid.413731.3Department of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Federico Coccolini
- 0000 0004 1758 8744grid.414682.dDepartment of Emergency Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- 0000 0004 1758 8744grid.414682.dDepartment of Emergency Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Ari Leppäniemi
- 0000 0004 0410 2071grid.7737.4Abdominal Center, Department of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital Meilahti and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrew W. Kirkpatrick
- 0000 0004 0469 2139grid.414959.4General, Acute Care, Abdominal Wall Reconstruction, and Trauma Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Matti Tolonen
- 0000 0004 0410 2071grid.7737.4Abdominal Center, Department of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital Meilahti and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cristian Tranà
- Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Regimbeau
- 0000 0004 0593 702Xgrid.134996.0Department of Digestive Surgery and SSPC Research Unit, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Timothy Hardcastle
- 0000 0001 0723 4123grid.16463.36Department of Trauma ICU, IALCH, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Renol M. Koshy
- 0000 0004 0400 5079grid.412570.5Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | - Ashraf Abbas
- 0000000103426662grid.10251.37Department of Surgery, Mansoura University and Emergency Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ulaş Aday
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey
| | - A. R. K. Adesunkanmi
- 0000 0001 2183 9444grid.10824.3fDepartment of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Adesina Ajibade
- 0000 0001 0583 749Xgrid.411274.5Department of Surgery, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Lali Akhmeteli
- 0000 0004 0428 8304grid.412274.6Department of Surgery, TSMU First University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Emrah Akın
- 0000 0001 0682 3030grid.49746.38Department of General Surgery, Sakarya University Research and Educational Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Nezih Akkapulu
- 0000 0004 0642 1084grid.411920.fDepartment of General Surgery, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alhenouf Alotaibi
- 0000 0004 0593 1832grid.415277.2Department of Surgical Oncology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatih Altintoprak
- Department of General Surgery, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Boyko Atanasov
- 0000 0001 0726 0380grid.35371.33Surgical Department, UMHAT “Eurohospital”, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Goran Augustin
- 0000 0004 0397 9648grid.412688.1Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Constança Azevedo
- Cirurgia Geral, Centro Hospitalar Universitário da Cova da Beira, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Miklosh Bala
- 0000 0001 2221 2926grid.17788.31Department of General Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dimitrios Balalis
- Department of Surgery, Saint Savvas Anticancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Suman Baral
- Department of Surgery, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital Ltd., Tansen, Palpa Nepal
| | - Or Barkai
- 0000 0000 9950 8111grid.413731.3Department of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marcelo Beltran
- Department of Surgery, Hospital San Juan de Dios de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
| | - Roberto Bini
- Emergency and General Surgery, SG Bosco, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Ana B. Caballero
- 0000 0004 0465 2778grid.461067.2General Surgery, Hospital Santo Tomas, Panama, Panama
| | - Valentin Calu
- Department of Surgery, Elias Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marco Catani
- grid.417007.5Dipartimento Emergenza e Accettazione, Policlinico Umberto I, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Ceresoli
- 0000 0004 1756 8604grid.415025.7Department of General and Emergency Surgery, ASST Monza - Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Vasileios Charalampakis
- 0000 0004 0478 4463grid.440196.eGeneral Surgery, South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust, Warwick, UK
| | - Asri Che Jusoh
- Department of General Surgery, Kuala Krai Hospital, Kuala Krai, Malaysia
| | - Massimo Chiarugi
- 0000 0004 1756 8209grid.144189.1U.O. Chirurgia d’Urgenza Universitaria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Cillara
- grid.459832.1U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale, PO Santissima Trinità, Cagliari, Italia
| | - Raquel Cobos Cuesta
- 0000 0004 1771 208Xgrid.418878.aUGC Cirugía General, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Luigi Cobuccio
- 0000 0004 1756 8209grid.144189.1U.O. Chirurgia d’Urgenza Universitaria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Cocorullo
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico Universitario Palermo “Paolo Giaccone”, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elif Colak
- General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Luigi Conti
- Department of Surgery, G. Da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- grid.417036.7Department of Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Belinda De Simone
- Chirurgie Viscerale et d’Urgence, Centre Hospitalier Regional de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
| | - Samir Delibegovic
- 0000 0001 0682 9061grid.412410.2Department of Surgery, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Zaza Demetrashvili
- Department of Surgery, Kipshidze Central University Hospital, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Demetrios Demetriades
- 0000 0001 0084 1895grid.411409.9Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, LAC+USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ana Dimova
- 0000 0004 0397 9648grid.412688.1Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Agron Dogjani
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Trauma, Tirana, Albania
| | - Mushira Enani
- 0000 0004 0593 1832grid.415277.2Department of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Federica Farina
- 0000 0004 0625 0318grid.459640.aChirurgia Generale, Ospedale Versilia, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- grid.414126.4Department of Surgery, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Domitilla Foghetti
- grid.415103.2Department of General Surgery, San Salvatore, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fontana
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico Universitario Palermo “Paolo Giaccone”, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gustavo P. Fraga
- 0000 0001 0723 2494grid.411087.bDivision of Trauma Surgery, Hospital de Clinicas, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mahir Gachabayov
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Vladimir City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medicine, Vladimir, Russia
| | - Grelpois Gérard
- 0000 0004 0593 702Xgrid.134996.0Department of Surgery, University hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Wagih Ghnnam
- grid.469958.fDepartment of General Surgery, Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Teresa Giménez Maurel
- 0000 0000 9854 2756grid.411106.3Department of General Surgery, Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Georgios Gkiokas
- 0000 0001 2155 0800grid.5216.02nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlos A. Gomes
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitário Terezinha de Jesus, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde de Juiz de Fora (SUPREMA), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Ali Guner
- 0000 0001 2186 0630grid.31564.35Department of General Surgery, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- 0000 0004 1767 2831grid.413220.6Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Andreas Hecker
- 0000 0000 8584 9230grid.411067.5Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elcio S. Hirano
- 0000 0001 0723 2494grid.411087.bDivision of Trauma Surgery, Hospital de Clinicas, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adrien Hodonou
- Department of General Surgery, University and Regional Hospital Center of Borgou, Parakou, Republic of Benin
| | - Martin Hutan
- Chirurgische Abteilung, Landesklinikum Hainburg, Hainburg an der Donau, Austria
| | - Igor Ilaschuk
- Intensive Care Unit, Chernivtsi City Emergency Hospital, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Orestis Ioannidis
- 0000000109457005grid.4793.94th Surgical Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “G. Papanikolaou”, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Arda Isik
- 0000 0001 1498 7262grid.412176.7Department of General Surgery, Erzincan University Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Georgy Ivakhov
- 0000 0000 9559 0613grid.78028.35Department of Faculty Surgery #1, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sumita Jain
- grid.416065.0Department of Surgery, SMS Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Mantas Jokubauskas
- 0000 0004 0575 8750grid.48349.32Department of Surgery, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aleksandar Karamarkovic
- Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade Clinic for Surgery, University Clinical Center “Zvezdara”, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Robin Kaushik
- 0000 0004 1767 2831grid.413220.6Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jakub Kenig
- 0000 0001 2162 9631grid.5522.0Department of General, Oncologic and Geriatric Surgery, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Vladimir Khokha
- Department of Emergency Surgery, City Hospital, Mozyr, Belarus
| | - Denis Khokha
- Department of Vascular Surgery, City Hospital, Mozyr, Belarus
| | - Jae Il Kim
- 0000 0004 0371 8173grid.411633.2Department of Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Victor Kong
- 0000 0004 0576 7753grid.414386.cTrauma and Acute Care Surgery, Edendale Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Dimitris Korkolis
- Department of Surgery, Saint Savvas Anticancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vitor F. Kruger
- 0000 0001 0723 2494grid.411087.bDivision of Trauma Surgery, Hospital de Clinicas, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ashok Kshirsagar
- Department of Surgery, Krishna Hospital and Medical Research University Karad, Karad, India
| | - Romeo Lages Simões
- Departament of General Surgery, Hospital Municipal de Governador Valadares, Vale do Rio Doce University, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Andrea Lanaia
- Chirurgia d’Urgenza, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Pedro Leão
- 0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38Cirurgia Geral, Hospital de Braga, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, ICVS/3Bs, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Miguel León Arellano
- grid.419651.eGeneral and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Holger Listle
- 0000 0000 9116 8976grid.412469.cGeneral, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andrey Litvin
- 0000 0001 1018 9204grid.410686.dDepartment of Surgical Disciplines, Regional Clinical Hospital, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Aintzane Lizarazu Pérez
- grid.414651.3Cirugía general y del aparato digestivo, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia, Spain
| | | | | | - Davide Luppi
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, ASMN Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gustavo M. Machain V
- 0000 0001 2289 5077grid.412213.7II Catedra de Clinica Quirúrgica, Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Piotr Major
- 0000 0001 2162 9631grid.5522.02nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dimitrios Manatakis
- 0000 0004 0638 8093grid.414025.6Department of Surgery, Athens Naval and Veterans Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Marianne Marchini Reitz
- 0000 0001 0084 1895grid.411409.9Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, LAC+USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Athanasios Marinis
- grid.417374.2First Department of Surgery, Tzaneio General Hospital, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Daniele Marrelli
- 0000 0004 1757 4641grid.9024.fDepartment of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Aleix Martínez-Pérez
- 0000 0004 1770 9825grid.411289.7Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sanjay Marwah
- 0000 0004 1771 1642grid.412572.7Department of General Surgery, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Michael McFarlane
- 0000 0004 0500 5353grid.412963.bDepartment of Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Mirza Mesic
- 0000 0001 0682 9061grid.412410.2Department of Surgery, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Cristian Mesina
- grid.452359.cSecond Surgical Clinic, Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Nickos Michalopoulos
- 0000 0004 0576 4544grid.411222.63rd Department of Surgery, Ahepa University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelos Misiakos
- 0000 0004 0622 4662grid.411449.d3rd Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Felipe Gonçalves Moreira
- Departament of General Surgery, Hospital Municipal de Governador Valadares, Vale do Rio Doce University, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Ouadii Mouaqit
- grid.412817.9Department of Surgery, Hassan II, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ali Muhtaroglu
- 0000 0001 0682 3030grid.49746.38Department of General Surgery, Sakarya University Research and Educational Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Noel Naidoo
- Department of Specialist Surgery, Port Shepstone Regional Hospital, Port Shepstone, Republic of South Africa
| | - Ionut Negoi
- General Surgery Department, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Zane Nikitina
- 0000 0004 0375 2558grid.488518.8Toxicology and Sepsis, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ioannis Nikolopoulos
- grid.439484.6Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gabriela-Elisa Nita
- grid.458453.bChirurgia generale, Sant’Anna (AUSL Reggio Emilia), Castelnovo ne’ Monti, Italy
| | | | - Iyiade Olaoye
- 0000 0000 8878 5287grid.412975.cDepartment of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Carlos A. Ordoñez
- 0000 0001 2295 7397grid.8271.cDepartment of Surgery, Fundacion Valle del Lili - Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Zeynep Ozkan
- Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Elazig Training and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ajay Pal
- 0000 0004 0645 6578grid.411275.4Department of Surgery, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Gian M. Palini
- grid.414614.2Chirurgia Generale e d’Urgenza, Ospedale Infermi, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Dimitris Papagoras
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Trikala, Trikala, Greece
| | - Francesco Pata
- Department of Surgery, Sant’Antonio Abate Hospital, Gallarate, Italy
| | - Michał Pędziwiatr
- 0000 0001 1216 0093grid.412700.0Department of General and Emergency Surgery, University Hospital, University Hospital Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jorge Pereira
- 0000 0004 5914 1131grid.489946.eCirurgia Geral, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | | | - Gennaro Perrone
- Chirurgia d’Urgenza – Dipartimento Urgenza/Emergenza, AOU Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Tadeja Pintar
- 0000 0004 0571 7705grid.29524.38Department of Abdominal Surgery, UMC Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Magdalena Pisarska
- 0000 0001 1216 0093grid.412700.0Department of Endoscopic, Metabolic and Soft Tissue Tumors Surgery, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Oleksandr Plehutsa
- Surgery Department, Chernivtsi City Emergency Hospital, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Mauro Podda
- Department of General, Emergency and Robotic Surgery, San Francesco Hospital, Nuoro, Italy
| | | | - Martha Quiodettis
- 0000 0004 0465 2778grid.461067.2Department of Surgery/Trauma, Hospital Santo Tomás, Panama, Panama
| | - Tuba Rahim
- 0000 0001 0723 4123grid.16463.36Department of Trauma ICU, IALCH, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Daniel Rios-Cruz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, HGR1 IMSS, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Rodrigues
- 0000 0001 0571 5193grid.411639.8Department of General Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Dmytry Rozov
- 0000 0000 9950 8111grid.413731.3Department of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Boris Sakakushev
- 0000 0001 1014 775Xgrid.11187.3eFirst Clinic of General Surgery, University Hospital St George/Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ibrahima Sall
- grid.414281.aChirurgie Générale et Viscérale, Hôpital d’instruction des Armées, Hôpital Principal de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Alexander Sazhin
- 0000 0000 9559 0613grid.78028.35Department of Faculty Surgery #1, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Miguel Semião
- Cirurgia Geral, Centro Hospitalar Universitário da Cova da Beira, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Taanya Sharda
- 0000 0004 1767 2831grid.413220.6Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishal Shelat
- grid.240988.fDepartment of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giovanni Sinibaldi
- Department of Surgery, Fatebbenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Dmitrijs Skicko
- 0000 0004 0375 2558grid.488518.8Department of Surgery (Department No. 10), Riga East Clinical University Hospital “Gaiļezers”, Riga, Latvia
| | - Matej Skrovina
- Department of Surgery, Hospital and Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin, Czech Republic
| | - Dimitrios Stamatiou
- 0000 0004 0399 7344grid.413964.dGeneral Surgery, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marco Stella
- grid.414126.4Department of Surgery, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcin Strzałka
- 0000 0001 2162 9631grid.5522.0Department of General Surgery, Polytrauma and Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of the Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ruslan Sydorchuk
- 0000 0004 4906 2392grid.445372.3General Surgery Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | | | - Joel Noutakdie Tochie
- 0000 0001 2173 8504grid.412661.6Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon and Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Gia Tomadze
- 0000 0004 0428 8304grid.412274.6Surgery Department, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lara Ugoletti
- Chirurgia Generale, Ospedale Civile di Guastalla, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Jan Ulrych
- 0000 0000 9100 9940grid.411798.2First Department of Surgery, Department of Abdominal, Thoracic Surgery and Traumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Toomas Ümarik
- 0000 0004 0631 377Xgrid.454953.aUpper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery Department, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Alin Vasilescu
- First Surgical Unit, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital Iasi, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, Iasi, Romania
| | - Osborne Vaz
- 0000 0004 0641 2823grid.419319.7Renal Transplant and General Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Andras Vereczkei
- 0000 0001 0663 9479grid.9679.1Department of Surgery, Clinical Center University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Nutu Vlad
- First Surgical Unit, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital Iasi, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, Iasi, Romania
| | - Maciej Walędziak
- 0000 0004 0620 0839grid.415641.3Department of General, Oncological, Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ali I. Yahya
- Department of Surgey, Zliten Teaching Hospital, Zliten, Libya
| | - Omer Yalkin
- 0000000109409118grid.7256.6Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tonguç U. Yilmaz
- grid.488402.2Transplantation Unıt, Acibadem Atakent Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Ekrem Ünal
- 0000000109409118grid.7256.6Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kuo-Ching Yuan
- 0000 0004 0639 0994grid.412897.1Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sanoop K. Zachariah
- 0000 0004 1766 361Xgrid.464618.9Department of Surgery, Mosc Medical College, Kolenchery, Cochin, India
| | - Justas Žilinskas
- Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade Clinic for Surgery, University Clinical Center “Zvezdara”, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Vittoria Pattonieri
- grid.411482.aEmergency Surgery Department, Maggiore Parma Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- 0000000417571846grid.7637.5Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fausto Catena
- grid.411482.aEmergency Surgery Department, Maggiore Parma Hospital, Parma, Italy
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