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Bhosale RR, Gangadharappa HV, Hani U, Ali M. Osmani R, Vaghela R, Kulkarni PK, Koganti VS. Current Perspectives on Novel Drug Delivery Systems and Therapies for Management of Prostate Cancer: An Inclusive Review. Curr Drug Targets 2017; 18:1233-1249. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666160613103705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit R. Bhosale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysuru- 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - H. V. Gangadharappa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Mysuru- 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, King Khalid University, Abha- 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ali M. Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Mysuru- 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Rudra Vaghela
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Mysuru- 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - P. K. Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Mysuru- 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Venkata Sairam Koganti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Mysuru- 570015, Karnataka, India
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Harshitha K, Kulkarni PK, Vaghela R, Kumar Varma VNS, Deshpande DR, Hani U. Probiotic and prebiotic-probiotic PEC microparticles for sustaining and enhancing intestinal probiotic growth. Curr Drug Deliv 2016; 12:299-307. [PMID: 25495646 DOI: 10.2174/1567201812666150120123800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop and evaluate Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) microparticles composing Lactobacillus Acidophilus (probiotic) and Fructo oligosaccharide-Lactobacillus Acidophilus (prebiotic-probiotic), for sustaining and enhancing intestinal growth of probiotic bacteria. Gum Karaya-Chitosan(GK-CH) was used to fabricate PEC microparticles by extrusion method. The prepared microparticles were characterized for FT-IR, DSC and particle size and evaluated for percentage yield, swelling, surface morphology, entrapment rate and further studied for influence of prebiotic over probiotic growth. The fabricated PEC microparticles composed of Probiotic and Prebiotic- Probiotic have exhibited sustainability of probiotic bacteria for 12 hrs in GIT conditions and presence of prebiotic in the preparation enhanced the probiotic cell growth. Hence, it can be concluded that PEC between GK-CH was found to be successful in sustaining cell release and presence of prebiotic was found to enhance the probiotic cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rudra Vaghela
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Mysore, India.
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Patil K, Guledgud MV, Kulkarni PK, Keshari D, Tayal S. Use of Curcumin Mouthrinse in Radio-Chemotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis Patients: A Pilot Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC59-62. [PMID: 26436049 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/13034.6345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral Mucositis is a complex and distinct pathobiologic entity resulting in injuries in mucosa that is a common complication in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT) and radiation therapy (RT). Phytochemicals, such as Curcumin, turmeric extract, has attracted great attention for its therapeutic benefits in clinical oncology due to its chemopreventive, antitumoral, chemosensibilizing and radiosensibilizing activities against various types of cancers and the complications associated with their management. AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of curcumin mouthwash in the management of Oral Mucositis in cancer patients undergoing radio-chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research group consisted of 20 adult cancer patients undergoing radio-chemotherapy at the Regional Oncology Centre, who were evaluated for signs and symptoms of oral mucositis and then randomly divided into two groups. Standard preventive oral care i.e. chlorhexidine mouthwash 0.2% was given to one group while the other group was provided with freshly prepared curcumin mouthwash; each to be used thrice daily. Oral mucositis was assessed at days 0, 10 and 20. The World Health Organization (WHO) scale, the Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale (OMAS), and a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS; patient reporting scale of 0-10) were used. Adverse events were tracked. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics, Independent sample t-test and repeated measure ANOVA test were performed. RESULTS Statistically significant difference was found in the NRS (p=0.000), Erythema (p=0.050), ulceration (p=0.000) and WHO scores (p=0.003) between the two groups. CONCLUSION Curcumin was found to be better than chlorhexidine mouth wash in terms of rapid wound healing and better patient compliance in management of radio-chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. No oral or systemic complications were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeya Patil
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital , Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahima V Guledgud
- Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital , Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - P K Kulkarni
- Professor and Vice Principal, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy , Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepika Keshari
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital , Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Srishti Tayal
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital , Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Selvam RP, Kulkarni PK. Effect of Carriers on Loading of Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2014.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Dixit M, Kulkarni PK, Vaghela RS. Effect of Different Crystallization Techniques on the Dissolution Behavior of Ketoprofen. TROP J PHARM RES 2013. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v12i3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Sathwara NG, Patel KG, Vyas JB, Patel S, Trivedi MR, Dave LM, Madia MM, Kulkarni PK, Parikh DJ, Saiyed HN. Chromium exposure study in chemical based industry. J Environ Biol 2007; 28:405-408. [PMID: 17929757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
176 chromium-exposed and 30 control subjects were selected for this study. Blood samples (3 ml) were collected for the estimation of chromium. The data on chromium concentration indicated a significant higher level of chromium in the blood of the exposed workers as compared to the control. There was no significant correlation between the mean blood and environmental chromium level. This study suggests that exposure to chromium may have some effect on the health of workers, even though the dose response relationship could not be established between blood chromium and environmental chromium levels. This study suggests that exposure to chromium may have some effect on the health of workers, even though the dose response relationship could not be established between blood chromium and environmental chromium levels. Study also indicates that the environmental levels to Cr are well below the permissible levels at all the sites of the industry at the time of survey even though the blood Cr levels were observed high in 14.8% of workers and some of them were having Cr related morbidity. Therefore, preventive and engineering control measures are suggested to minimize the chromium exposure in the chromium based industry located in Gorwa industrial estate at Baroda, Gujarat. About three months period was taken to complete this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Sathwara
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad-380 016, India
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Sinha SN, Kulkarni PK, Shah SH, Desai NM, Patel GM, Mansuri MM, Saiyed HN. Environmental monitoring of benzene and toluene produced in indoor air due to combustion of solid biomass fuels. Sci Total Environ 2006; 357:280-7. [PMID: 16140361 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2005] [Revised: 07/25/2005] [Accepted: 08/04/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to benzene and toluene from the combustion of solid biomass fuels is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In this study, we assessed the exposure of cooks to benzene and toluene from biomass fuel combustion in 55 rural homes. The GC-MS was used for quantification while a personnel sampler was used for environmental monitoring. The benzene exposure differed significantly (p < 0.0001) across different types of indoor kitchen fuel combinations. The geometrical mean (GM) of benzene exposure for cooks during cooking hours in an indoor kitchen using mixed fuel was 75.3 microg/m3 (with partition) and 63.206 microg/m3 (without partition), while the exposure was 11.7 microg/m3 for open type. The benzene exposure was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in an indoor kitchen with respect to open type using mixed fuels. Concentration of benzene (114.1 microg/m3) for cooks in an indoor kitchen with partition using dung fuel was significantly higher in comparison to non-cooks (5.1 microg/m3) for open type. Benzene exposure was not significantly different for kitchen with ventilation (31.2 microg/m3) and without ventilation (45.0 microg/m3) using wood fuel. However, this value was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in indoor kitchens with or without partition. An almost similar trend was observed for toluene but the difference was statistically non-significant. This study may be helpful in developing a regional exposure database and in the facilitation of health risk assessment due to volatile organic pollutants in our day-to-day environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukesh Narayan Sinha
- Air Pollution Division, National Institute of Occupational Health (ICMR), Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad-38 0016, India.
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Abstract
Background In the backdrop of conflicting reports (some studies reported adverse outcomes of biomass fuel use whereas few studies reported absence of any association between adverse health effect and fuel use, may be due to presence of large number of confounding variables) on the respiratory health effects of biomass fuel use, this cross sectional survey was undertaken to understand the role of fuel use on pulmonary function. Method This study was conducted in a village of western India involving 369 randomly selected adult subjects (165 male and 204 female). All the subjects were interviewed and were subjected to pulmonary function test. Analysis of covariance was performed to compare the levels of different pulmonary function test parameters in relation to different fuel use taking care of the role of possible confounding factors. Results This study showed that biomass fuel use (especially wood) is an important factor for deterioration of pulmonary function (particularly in female). FEV1 (p < .05), FEV1 % (p < .01), PEFR (p < .05) and FEF25–75 (p < .01) values were significantly lower in biomass fuel using females than nonusers. Comparison of only biomass fuel use vs. only LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) use and only wood vs. only LPG use has showed that LPG is a safer fuel so far as deterioration of pulmonary function is concerned. This study observes some deterioration of pulmonary function in the male subjects also, who came from biomass fuel using families. Conclusion This study concluded that traditional biomass fuels like wood have adverse effects on pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Saha
- Occupational medicine Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad – 380 016, India
| | - N Mohan Rao
- Respiratory Physiology Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad – 380 016, India
| | - PK Kulkarni
- Biostatistics Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad – 380 016, India
| | - PK Majumdar
- Occupational medicine Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad – 380 016, India
| | - HN Saiyed
- Director, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad – 380 016, India
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Abstract
CONTEXT Although a large number of contributing factors of occupational injury causation are explored meticulously to explain the phenomenon of higher occupational injury occurrence in some subjects, it has remained a matter of controversy. AIMS In this study, an effort is made to explore whether job security has any contribution in explaining higher susceptibility of some workers. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was a retrospective occupational injury record study conducted in an industry of eastern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Along with the study of injury records of 5 years, an interview was also conducted involving 726 workers (including permanent and temporary workers both) of the factory. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Comparison was made between permanent and temporary workers by using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the chi-square test. A theoretical model of Poisson's distribution was used to compare between expected and real occurrence. RESULTS Although two worker groups were very similar in relation to age, level of education, habits, and nature of work, accident frequency and severity rates were found to be significantly higher in temporary workers. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that the higher accident risk of the temporary workers might have been due to the less effective experience as well as due to lack of job security inherent in such workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Saha
- All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, 110, Chittaranjan Avenue, Kolkata, India.
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Saha A, Kulkarni PK, Chaudhuri R, Saiyed H. Occupational injuries: is job security a factor? Indian J Med Sci 2005; 59:375-81. [PMID: 16199922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although a large number of contributing factors of occupational injury causation are explored meticulously to explain the phenomenon of higher occupational injury occurrence in some subjects, it has remained a matter of controversy. AIMS In this study, an effort is made to explore whether job security has any contribution in explaining higher susceptibility of some workers. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was a retrospective occupational injury record study conducted in an industry of eastern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Along with the study of injury records of 5 years, an interview was also conducted involving 726 workers (including permanent and temporary workers both) of the factory. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Comparison was made between permanent and temporary workers by using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the chi-square test. A theoretical model of Poisson's distribution was used to compare between expected and real occurrence. RESULTS Although two worker groups were very similar in relation to age, level of education, habits, and nature of work, accident frequency and severity rates were found to be significantly higher in temporary workers. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that the higher accident risk of the temporary workers might have been due to the less effective experience as well as due to lack of job security inherent in such workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Saha
- All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, 110, Chittaranjan Avenue, Kolkata, India.
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Parikh JR, Gokani VN, Doctor PB, Kulkarni PK, Shah AR, Saiyed HN. Acute and chronic health effects due to green tobacco exposure in agricultural workers. Am J Ind Med 2005; 47:494-9. [PMID: 15898093 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.20162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An epidemiological study was undertaken in Gujarat, India to study the acute and chronic health effects of occupational exposure to green tobacco. METHODS Non-Flue Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco is the main crop in many districts of Central Gujarat. Three villages were selected from Anand district for the study and a random sample of 685 exposed workers were examined. Six hundred and fifty-five control workers with the same socio-economic status were examined from two villages where tobacco was not cultivated. RESULTS The overall prevalence of green tobacco sickness (GTS) was 47.0% among tobacco workers. The prevalence in women workers was 55.7% while in men workers it was 42.66%. To detect the chronic health effects prevalence of hypertension, electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, and eye problems in all the workers and reproductive abnormalities in women workers, all subjects received a medical examination. The data were compared in exposed and control group but they were non-significant statistically. No case of tobacco amblyopia was detected. CONCLUSION The prevalence of GTS among non-FCV tobacco workers is high. However, from viewpoint of severity it can be considered as mild acute nicotine toxicity, which is relieved without medication. No significant difference is observed as regards to chronic health effects among tobacco workers and control workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Parikh
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad-380 016, Gujarat, India.
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Sinha SN, Kulkarni PK, Desai NM, Shah SH, Patel GM, Mansuri MM, Parikh DJ, Saiyed HN. Gas chromatographic–mass spectroscopic determination of benzene in indoor air during the use of biomass fuels in cooking time. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1065:315-9. [PMID: 15782977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A gas chromatography-mass spectroscopic method in electron ionization (EI) mode with MS/MS ion preparation using helium at flow rate 1 ml min(-1) as carrier gas on DB-5 capillary column (30 m x 0.25 mm i.d. film thickness 0.25 microm) has been developed for the determination of benzene in indoor air. The detection limit for benzene was 0.002 microg ml(-1) with S/N: 4 (S: 66, N: 14). The benzene concentration for cooks during cooking time in indoor kitchen using dung fuel was 114.1 microg m(-3) while it was 6.6 microg m(-3) for open type kitchen. The benzene concentration was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in indoor kitchen with respect to open type kitchen using dung fuels. The wood fuel produces 36.5 microg m(-3) of benzene in indoor kitchen. The concentration of benzene in indoor kitchen using wood fuel was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in comparison to dung fuel. This method may be helpful for environmental analytical chemist dealing with GC-MS in confirmation and quantification of benzene in environmental samples with health risk exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukesh Narayan Sinha
- National Institute of Occupational Health (ICMR), Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India.
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Abstract
The association of fuel use and ocular morbidity in a village in western India was investigated in a cross sectional prevalence survey involving 469 randomly selected subjects. All subjects were interviewed and underwent medical and ophthalmological examination. Wood use was found to be an important factor in the aetiology of age dependent cataract (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.03-4.34). When comparing wood only and LPG only users, the odds ratio was 3.47 (95% CI 1.05-11.50). In cases of eye irritation, coal use (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.13-3.68) and cattle dung use (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.35-2.47) were shown to be important factors, while male sex posed a lesser risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saha
- Occupational Medicine Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad-380 016, Gujarat, India.
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Ghosh SK, Desai MR, Pandya GL, Bhatia KR, Venkaiah K, Kulkarni PK. Toxicity of agricultural dust extract using Microtox. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2005; 74:100-106. [PMID: 15768505 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-004-0554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S K Ghosh
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad 380 016, India
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Doctor PB, Gokani VN, Kulkarni PK, Parikh JR, Saiyed HN. Determination of nicotine and cotinine in tobacco harvesters’ urine by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2004; 802:323-8. [PMID: 15018794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2003] [Revised: 12/02/2003] [Accepted: 12/16/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A solid-phase extraction method using Drug Test-1 column containing chemically modified silica as a solid support for sample clean up and reversed phase ion-paired high-pressure liquid chromatography method have been developed for the simultaneous determination of nicotine and its metabolite cotinine from the urine samples. Mobile phase was consisted of acetate buffer (containing 0.03 M sodium acetate and 0.1 M acetic acid) pH 3.1 and acetonitrile (78:22% (v/v)) containing 0.02 M sodium octanosulfonate as an ion pair agent. pH of the mobile phase was adjusted to 3.6 with triethylamine for better resolution and to prevent peak tailing. The linearity was obtained in the range of 0.5-10 microg/ml concentrations of nicotine and cotinine standards. The correlation coefficients were 0.998 for cotinine and 0.999 for nicotine. The recoveries were obtained in the range of 79-97% with average value of 85% for nicotine and in the range of 82-98% with average value of 88% for cotinine. The limit of detection was 2 ng/ml for cotinine and 5 ng/ml for nicotine with 2 ml urine for extraction, calculated by taking signal to noise ratio 10:3. The intra-day co-efficient of variation (CV) were <4 and 7% and inter-day CV were <9 and 7% for nicotine and cotinine, respectively. The method was applied to the urine samples of tobacco harvesters, who suffer from green tobacco sickness (GTS) to check the absorption of nicotine through dermal route during the various processes of tobacco cultivation due to its good reproducibility and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Doctor
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380016, India.
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Bhatnagar VK, Kashyap R, Zaidi SSA, Kulkarni PK, Saiyed HN. Levels of DDT, HCH, and HCB residues in human blood in Ahmedabad, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2004; 72:261-265. [PMID: 15106760 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-003-9049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V K Bhatnagar
- Division of Pesticide Toxicology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad 380 016, India
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Bhatnagar VK, Karnik AB, Suthar AM, Zaidi SSA, Kashyap R, Shah MP, Kulkarni PK, Saiyed HN. Biological indices in formulators exposed to a combination of pesticides. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2002; 68:22-28. [PMID: 11731827 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-001-0214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2001] [Accepted: 09/18/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V K Bhatnagar
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, 380 016, India
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Ghosh SK, Patel TS, Doctor PB, Kulkarni PK, Shah SH, Desai NM, Derasari A. Study on indoor air pollutants: toxicity screening of suspended particulate matter. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2001; 67:149-154. [PMID: 11381325 DOI: 10.1007/s001280103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2000] [Accepted: 04/15/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S K Ghosh
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad 380 016, India
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Abstract
Thirty male pesticide formulators exposed to the dust and liquid formulation of endosulfan, quinalphos, chlorpyriphos, monocrotophos, lindane, parathion, phorate, and fenvalerate and 20 comparable control subjects from the same area of study were examined for the evaluation of thyroid function tests. The level of TSH was elevated (about 28%) in pesticide formulators as compared to a control group, but the increase was statistically insignificant. Based on the individual TSH measurement, 3 of 30 formulators had isolated elevated levels of TSH and seem to have acquired sub-clinical hypothyroidism; five had TSH values slightly elevated to the upper boarder line (4.03 muIU/ml); and the majority of formulators (N= 22) had TSH values in the normal range varying from 1.29 to 3.9 muIU/ml. Total T3 was suppressed significantly (P< 0.01) in formulators, while marginal decrease (about 7%) was noticed in T4 level. This study indicated thyroid function impairment in few pesticide formulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Zaidi
- National Institute of Occupational Health (Indian Council of Medical Research), Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad
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Kulkarni PK, Muthane UB, Taly AB, Jayakumar PN, Shetty R, Swamy HS. Palatal tremor, progressive multiple cranial nerve palsies, and cerebellar ataxia: a case report and review of literature of palatal tremors in neurodegenerative disease. Mov Disord 1999; 14:689-93. [PMID: 10435510 DOI: 10.1002/1531-8257(199907)14:4<689::aid-mds1022>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a patient with an unusual clinical presentation of progressive multiple cranial nerve palsies, cerebellar ataxia, and palatal tremor (PT) resulting from an unknown etiology. Magnetic resonance imaging showed evidence of hypertrophy of the inferior olivary nuclei, brain stem atrophy, and marked cerebellar atrophy. This combination of progressive multiple cranial nerve palsies, cerebellar ataxia, and PT has never been reported in the literature. We have also reviewed the literature of PT secondary to neurodegenerative causes. In a total of 23 patients, the common causes are sporadic olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA; 22%), Alexander's disease (22%), unknown etiology (43.4%), and occasionally progressive supranuclear palsy (4.3%) and spinocerebellar degeneration (4.3%). Most patients present with progressive cerebellar ataxia and approximately two thirds of them have rhythmic tremors elsewhere. Ear clicks are observed in 13% and evidence of hypertrophy of the inferior olivary nucleus in 25% of the patients. The common neurodegenerative causes of PT are OPCA/multiple system atrophy, Alexander's disease, and, in most of them, the result of an unknown cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Kulkarni
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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23
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Abstract
There are three signal domains in which ECG data compression can be performed, namely time domain, frequency domain and parameter extraction. The present paper deals with the frequency domain method of compression using fast Fourier transform. The algorithm has been tested on the third set of the CSE database library. A performance evaluation has been made using two important parameters, namely compression ratio and percent root-mean-square difference besides visual comparison. Further, in order to know the clinical acceptable quality of the reconstructed signal peak, boundary and interval measurements were made both on the reconstructed and the original signal of the same record for comparison. The visual examination reveals that most of the noise in the original signal had been filtered out during the compression. This amounts to reduction of electromyographic noise to a considerable extent. The experimental observations show that a compression ratio of 8 is feasible while ensuring clinical acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Kulkarni
- Department of Electrical Engineering, PDA College of Engineering, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
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24
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Ghosh SK, Doctor PB, Bhatnagar VK, Yadav S, Derasari A, Kulkarni PK, Kashyap SK. Response of three microbial test systems to pesticides. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1997; 58:482-488. [PMID: 9008061 DOI: 10.1007/s001289900360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S K Ghosh
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad 380 016, India
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25
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Dave SK, Bhagia LJ, Mazumdar PK, Patel GC, Kulkarni PK, Kashyap SK. The correlation of chest radiograph and pulmonary function tests in asbestos miners and millers. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 1996; 38:81-9. [PMID: 8822641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
An environmental-cum-medical survey was carried out in asbestos mines and milling units at Pullivendalla, Cuddaph (A.P.) India. This was done in two mines and six milling units with 95% of the total work force being surveyed. Out of a total of 633 registered workers, 329 (52%, all males) were employed in mines while 135 (21.4%) workers of whom 114 (84%, all females) were employed in the milling units. All subjects underwent limited medical examination, spirometry and chest radiographs. The levels of asbestos fiber concentration was much below threshold limit value (TLV) in underground mines but several times higher than TLV in milling units. The percentage of workers with abnormal pulmonary function tests (PFT) and chest radiographs increased with duration of exposure in smokers as well as non-smokers. Restrictive pattern of lung functions (159 workers-16.27%) was more common than obstructive (33 workers-5.21%) and combined type (22 workers-3.4%). Similarly, the parenchymal changes (156 workers-24.6%) were more common than pleural (27 workers-4.3%). As most of the males were employed in mines, where the fiber levels were much below TLV, the number of male workers with normal PFT and chest radiographs were ten times (61.3%) more than male workers with both the parameters abnormal (6.3%). As most of the females (114 our of 120--95%) were employed in milling units, where the levels of fibers were several times higher than TLV, the number of females having both the parameters normal 29 (24.1%) or abnormal 35 (29.2%) were similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Dave
- Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Division National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad
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26
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Dewan A, Chattopadhyay P, Kulkarni PK. N-acetyltransferase activity--a susceptibility factor in human bladder carcinogenesis. Indian J Cancer 1995; 32:15-9. [PMID: 7558106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A higher proportion of slow acetylator phenotypes has previously been found among bladder cancer patients. In the present study carried out among 77 male bladder cancer patients and 80 non-cancer controls, 59.74% of the patients and 35% of the controls were slow acetylator phenotypes (p < 0.01). The odds of developing bladder cancer was also observed to be significantly higher among smokers than non-smokers (p < 0.01). The findings suggest that slow N-acetyl phenotype is a susceptibility factor in bladder carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dewan
- Department of Medical Toxicology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Miller
- Department of Surgery, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C
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28
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Mohan Rao N, Kulkarni PK, Kashyap SK, Chatterjee SK. Pulmonary function tests--a comparison between urban industrial and rural agricultural workers of Andhra Pradesh. Indian J Public Health 1993; 37:42-7. [PMID: 8138287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical parameters and pulmonary function tests (VC, FEV1, FEV1% and FEF25-75%) were collected in 112 urban industrial workers and 104 rural agricultural workers. These average values, values according to age and smoking habits were compared between urban and rural workers. Inspite of no differences in age, rural workers average height, weight, BSA is significantly lower than urban workers. A significant increase in VC value to the extent of 0.22 lit (7.1%), significantly lower FEV 1% value by 4.7% and reduce FEF25-75% value (4.7%) is demonstrated in rural than urban workers. Smoking is shown to produce airway obstruction in both urban and rural workers. A wide variation of PFT values between the present workers and other reported values in India is observed. This study indicates rural workers have better pulmonary capacity and less flow rates than their urban counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan Rao
- National Institute of Occupational Health (I.C.M.R.), Methaninagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat State
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29
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Rao NM, Mavlankar MG, Kulkarni PK, Kashyap SK. Pulmonary function studies in Gujarati subjects. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1992; 36:55-9. [PMID: 1597343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study a multiple regression equation for prediction of ventilatory pulmonary function tests (FVC, FEV1%, FEF25-75% and PEFR) is developed in average healthy non-smoker male and female Gujarati subjects. The average adult female values showed a reduction varying from 21.0 to 29.0% compared to adult male subjects. There is a deviation of the present study values from other studies in Indian subjects and values from European studies are higher than the present values. This study demonstrated that the present regression equation is the most ideal and appropriate for prediction of pulmonary function values in Gujarati subjects either for assessing physical fitness in normal subjects or for determining the pattern of ventilatory impairment in respiratory disease patients. The pulmonary function values assessed by substituting the average age, height and weight of females in male regression equation revealed lower values in females ranging from 14.0 to 19.0% attributable only due to difference in sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Rao
- Department of Respiratory Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health (I.C.M.R.), Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad
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30
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Rao NM, Kashyap SK, Kulkarni PK, Saiyed HN, Purohit AK, Patel BD. Pulmonary function studies in 15 to 18 years age workers exposed to dust in industry. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1992; 36:51-4. [PMID: 1317821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary function tests (VC, FEV1% and FEF25-75%) were evaluated in 15 to 18 years age workers employed in slate pencil industry exposed to silica dust, in wool carpet industry exposed to wool dust and in diamond cutting and polishing exposed to carbon dust. These values were compared with the values obtained in clinically healthy non-smokers of the same age group. The results revealed significant impairment of VC in diamond workers, and FEF25-75% in slate pencil workers. When the values were observed according to smoking habits in diamond workers, VC, FEV1 and FEF25-75% were all significantly reduced in smokers whereas in non-smokers only VC was lowered significantly. Among slate pencil workers FEF25-75% was significantly reduced in both smokers and non-smokers. Wool dust exposed workers showed reduced values than normal subjects. The detailed results including the prevalence of various pulmonary impairments were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Rao
- National Institute of Occupational Health (I.C.M.R.), Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad
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31
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Rao NM, Patel TS, Raiyani CV, Aggarwal AL, Kulkarni PK, Chatterjee SK, Kashyap SK. Pulmonary function status of shopkeepers of Ahmedabad exposed to autoexhaust pollutants. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1992; 36:60-4. [PMID: 1375925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The study deals with evaluation of pulmonary function status (VC, FEV1% and FEF25-75%) in Ahmedabad shopkeepers stationed near different traffic junctions and relating them with the levels of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) near these junctions categorised as Heavy, Medium and Low polluted area junctions. The pulmonary function test (PFT) values of heavy polluted and medium polluted area shopkeepers is compared with low polluted area shopkeepers. The influence of smoking habits and duration of exposure over PFT values was seen. The prevalence of airway obstruction in shopkeepers was compared with USA population. The results indicated significant impairment in FEV1% and FEF25-75% value in high polluted area shopkeepers where NOx level is much higher than TLV value. In medium polluted area, where NOx level is slightly higher than TLV value, shopkeepers demonstrated significant impairment in FEF25-75%. Smoking is found to have an additive effect. A linear increase in the prevalence of pulmonary impairment with increasing duration of exposure was evidenced. Shopkeepers exhibited higher prevalence of impairment in both smokers and non-smokers than USA population attributing it to the effect of autoexhaust pollutants. This study also denoted that FEF25-75% is an early indicator of obstruction in smaller airways which is the primary site of deposition of inhaled pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Rao
- National Institute of Occupational Health (I.C.M.R.), Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad
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32
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Abstract
The capability of multi-axial machine tool feed drives to follow specified trajectories accurately is an important requirement for precision machining and especially so in applications involving high contouring speeds. In current generation machine tools, contouring is achieved by coordinating the commands to the individual feed drives, and implementing closed position loop control for each axis. The present paper deals with the evaluation of a cross-coupled compensator aimed specifically at improving contouring accuracy in multi-axial feed drives. The controller design is formulated as an optimal control problem. The performance index to be minimized weights the contour error explicitly. The controller is evaluated experimentally on a microcomputer controlled two-axis positioning table. Controller performance is evaluated for straight line, cornering and circular contours at feed rates varying from 2.25 m/min to 5.63 m/min. Measures of the steady state and transient contour errors are considered. The experimental results show that the proposed controllers reduce contouring errors considerably as compared to conventional uncoupled control of the multiple axes. The control action of the optimal controller is compared with that of more conventional uncoupled controllers.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Kulkarni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - K. Srinivasan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Venkatakrishna-Bhatt H, Mohana-Rao N, Panchal GM, Kulkarni PK. Circulating histamine levels and lung function test in cotton mill workers. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 1988; 39:371-9. [PMID: 3273126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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34
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Karnik AB, Parikh JR, Suthar AM, Patel MM, Thakore KN, Patel HH, Lakkad BC, Kulkarni PK, Nigam SK. Immunoglobulins, serum proteins & lactate dehydrogenase levels in workers exposed to cotton dust. Indian J Med Res 1987; 85:222-6. [PMID: 3596690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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35
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Kulkarni ND, Kulkarni PK, Ghuge GB, Kaundinya DV, Damle AS. Bacteriological methods in diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. J Assoc Physicians India 1986; 34:455-6. [PMID: 3771495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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36
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Malvankar MG, Panchal GM, Venkatakrishna-Bhatt H, Mohan-Rao N, Kulkarni PK. Peak expiratory flow rate and blood histamine in textile mill workers. J Soc Occup Med 1986; 36:107-8. [PMID: 3762084 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/36.3.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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