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Abolghasemi S, Bikhof Torbati M, Pakzad P, Ghafouri-Fard S. Gene expression analysis of SOCS, STAT and PIAS genes in lung cancer patients. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154760. [PMID: 37586215 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
One of the most devastating diseases with the highest prevalence and mortality rate worldwide is lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the subtype of lung cancer in 85% of cases. In this work, the expression levels of the STAT, SOCS and PIAS family genes involved in angiogenesis, proliferation and differentiation were examined. Using QRT-PCR technique, the expression level of STAT3 gene was assessed and tumor tissue samples had higher expression than normal tissue. In addition, the histological grade of adenocarcinoma was associated with the increase in STAT3 gene expression. The expression of the SOCS1 and SOCS2 genes in tumors was measured to be 0.58-fold and 0.36-fold lower than in healthy samples adjacent to the tumor, but this reduction in expression was not significant. In addition, when examining the relationship between the expression of SOCS1 and 2 and the clinical features of tumor samples, there was a significant decrease in the expression of the SOCS1 and 2 genes in the adenocarcinoma subtype. Compared to neighboring tumor samples, the expression of PIAS1 in the tumors was not different with controls. Our research revealed that tissue samples from adenocarcinoma had higher levels of STAT3 expression. Taken together, the mentioned genes can be suggested as possible targets for further studies in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Abolghasemi
- College of Biology Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bikhof Torbati
- Department of Biology, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH) Shahr-e-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology Sciences, North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Hassanzadeh Y, Yaghobi R, Pakzad P, Geramizadeh B. Decreased frequency of Th22 cells and IL-22 cytokine in kidney transplant patients with active cytomegalovirus infection. BMC Immunol 2023; 24:18. [PMID: 37403036 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-023-00555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunity of CD4+ T cell subsets against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is considerable due to their essential role in controlling the infection in transplant individuals. Previously explained CD4+ subsets such as T helper (Th) 1 have been proven to have a protective role against HCMV infection, while the role of the recently identified Th22 subset has not been described yet. Here, the frequency changes of Th22 cells and the IL-22 cytokine production were investigated in kidney transplant recipients with and without HCMV infection. METHODS Twenty kidney transplant patients and ten healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Patients were categorized into HCMV + and HCMV- groups based on the HCMV DNA real-time PCR results. After isolating CD4+ T cells from PBMCs, the phenotype (CCR6+CCR4+CCR10+) and cytokine profile (IFN-γ-IL-17-IL-22+) of Th22 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The gene expression of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) transcription factor was analyzed by real-time PCR. RESULTS The phenotype frequency of these cells was lower in recipients with infection than in those without infection and healthy controls (1.88 ± 0.51 vs. 4.31 ± 1.05; P = 0.03 and 4.22 ± 0.72; P = 0.01, respectively). A lower Th22 cytokine profile was observed in patients with infection than in the two other groups (0.18 ± 0.03 vs. 0.20 ± 0.03; P = 0.96 and 0.33 ± 0.05; P = 0.04, respectively). AHR expression was also lower in patients with active infection. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study for the first time suggests that the reduced levels of Th22 subset and IL-22 cytokine in patients with active HCMV infection might indicate the protective role of these cells against HCMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashgin Hassanzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Yaghobi
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Seratnahaei M, Eshraghi SS, Pakzad P, Zahraei-Ramazani A, Yaseri M. Larvicidal Effects of Metabolites Extracted from Nocardia and Streptomyces Species against the Forth Larval Stage of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). J Arthropod Borne Dis 2023; 17:187-196. [PMID: 37822754 PMCID: PMC10562205 DOI: 10.18502/jad.v17i2.13623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Larvicidal agents can be produced using microbial resources, which are environmentally friendly, biodegradable, and economical. The study's goal was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of metabolites isolated from Nocardia (N. fluminea, N. soli and N. pseudobrasiliensis) and Streptomyces (S. alboflavus) bacterial species against Anopheles stephensi. Methods Four metabolites isolated from Nocardia and Streptomyces strains were exanimated for larvicidal activity. The experiments were performed for 24, 48, and 72 hours. 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, and 600 μl of Actinobacteria metabolites were added to 100 cc of dechlorinated water. Fourth-stage larvae were placed in dechlorinated water as a control. LC50 and LC90 were calculated using toxicity data and analyzed. Results All metabolites had a statistically significant influence on mosquito larvae (P< 0.05). At 24, 48, and 72 hours, the LC50 for N2 (N. fluminea) was 417, 386, and 370 ppm, respectively, and the LC90 was 650, 595, and 561 ppm. Moreover, LC50 for N4 (N. soli) was 389, 376, and 347 and LC90 were 591, 565, and 533 and LC50 for N5 (N. pseudobrasiliensis) was 390, 357, and 341 ppm and LC90 were 589, 532 ppm. In addition, LC50 for S921 (S. alboflavus) was 484, 416, and 382 ppm, and LC90 was 701, 612, and 574 ppm. Conclusion The four bacterial metabolites tested in our study were found to have a notable effect on the mortality rate of Anopheles stephensi larvae, indicating their potential as natural larvicides. This is an effective technique for controlling Anopheles stephensi that has no detrimental environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Seratnahaei
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Saeed Eshraghi
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, faculty of Basic Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani
- Department of Biology and Vector Control of Diseases, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nasehi R, Masjedian Jazi F, Pakzad P. Investigating the role of Bacillus subtilis type II toxin-antitoxin system in drought stress survival. J Basic Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 37247424 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems, present in plasmids and bacterial chromosomes, are widespread in bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and are known to be involved in growth regulation, bacterial tolerance to environmental stress conditions as well as biofilm formation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of TA systems in drought condition stress in B. subtilis isolates. The presence of TA systems including mazF/mazE and yobQ/yobR in B. subtilis (strain 168) was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. TA system expression at 438 and 548 g/L of ethylene glycol concentrations was evaluated using real-time PCR method and sigB gene was used as internal control. The expression rate (fold change) of mazF toxin gene treated with 438 and 548 g/L of ethylene glycol was 6 and 8.4, respectively. This indicates an increase in the expression of this toxin in drought stress condition. Also, the fold change of mazE antitoxin in the treatment with 438 and 548 g/L of ethylene glycol was 8.6 and 5, respectively. While yobQ/yobR showed a decrease in expression in 438 and 548 g/L of ethylene glycol concentrations. So that the highest expression reduction (8.3) was observed for yobQ gene at the concentration of 548 g/L of ethylene glycol. Results of this study revealed the significant role of B. subtilis TA systems in drought stress which can be considered as the resistance mechanism of this bacterium under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozhin Nasehi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Masjedian Jazi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Hassanzadeh Y, Yaghobi R, Pakzad P, Geramizadeh B. Risk assessment of Human cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplantation: Insight into
CD4
+
T cell subsets. Scand J Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yashgin Hassanzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Ramin Yaghobi
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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Yeganeh O, Shabani M, Pakzad P, Mosaffa N, Hashemi A. Evaluation the reactivity of a peptide-based monoclonal antibody derived from OmpA with drug resistant pulsotypes of Acinetobacter baumannii as a potential therapeutic approach. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2022; 21:30. [PMID: 35773688 PMCID: PMC9245400 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-022-00523-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic and antibiotic-resistant pathogen that predominantly causes nosocomial infections. There is urgent need for development nonantibiotic-based treatment strategies. We developed a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) against a peptide of conserved outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and evaluated its reactivity with different pulsotypes of A. baumannii. METHODS Peptide derived from A. baumannii OmpA was conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin and injected into BALB/c mice. Splenocytes of immunized mice were fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells followed by selection of antibody-producing hybridoma cells. After screening of different hybridoma colonies by ELISA, one monoclone was selected as 3F10-C9 and the antibody was tested for reaction with five different Acinetobacter pulsotypes that were resistant to carbapenem antibiotics. The affinity constant was measured by ELISA. The ELISA, western blotting, indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), and in vitro opsonophagocytosis assays were used to evaluate the reactivity of generated mAb. RESULTS The anti-OmpA antibody reacted with the immunizing peptide and had a high affinity (1.94 × 10-9 M) for its antigen in the ELISA. Specific binding of mAb to OmpA was confirmed in Western blot. IFA assays revealed that mAb recognized specific OmpA on the pulsotypes. Opsonophagocytosis assays showed that the mAb increased the bactericidal activity of macrophage cells. The antibody function was higher in the presence of serum complement. CONCLUSIONS The peptide-based mAb demonstrated optimal performance in laboratory experiments which may be appropriate in investigation on OmpA in Acinetobacter pathogenesis and development of passive immunization as a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Yeganeh
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shabani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shapoury R, Gholizadeh A, Pakzad P, Mahdavi M, Danafar H. Evaluation of PLGA nanoparticles containing outer membrane proteins of Acinetobacter baumannii bacterium in stimulating the immune system in mice. Res Pharm Sci 2022; 17:360-371. [PMID: 36034086 PMCID: PMC9400467 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.350237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is known as a pathogen with antibiotic resistance, causing respiratory infections. PLGA has been approved for use in vaccines as well as drug delivery. This study was performed to evaluate PLGA nanoparticles containing the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of A. baumannii in stimulating the mice’s immune system and improving pneumonia. Experimental approach: Double emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used. The properties of the obtained nanospheres were determined using a zetasizer, FTIR, and AFM devices. Nanoparticles were administered to mice BALB/c by applying the intramuscular route. ELISA was used to measure the amounts of immunoglobulins produced; also, an opsonophagocytic killing assay was used to measure the effectiveness of immunoglobulins. Immunized mice were then challenged with live A. baumannii through the lungs; their internal organs were also removed for bacteriological studies. Findings/Results: The prepared particles were 550 nm in diameter with a negative surface charge. The production of the OMPs specific IgG was much higher in the group receiving nanoparticles containing antigen as compared to those getting pure antigen. The immunoglobulins produced against nanoparticles were superior to those developed against pure antigens. Mice that received the new nanovaccine were more resistant to pneumonia caused by this bacterium than those that received pure antigen. Conclusion and implication: Overall, it can be said that PLGA nanoparticles could deliver their internal antigens (OMPs) well to the immune system of mice and stimulate humoral immunity in these animals, thus protecting them against pneumonia caused by A. baumannii.
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Ghamari A, Pakzad P, Majd A, Ebrahimi M, Hamidieh AA. Design and Production An Effective Bispecific Tandem Chimeric Antigen Receptor on T Cells against CD123 and Folate Receptor ß towards B-Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Blasts. Cell J 2021; 23:650-657. [PMID: 34939758 PMCID: PMC8665988 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective The clinical studies of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) revealed that antigen escaping variants cause cancer
recurrence even after treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells that target a single tumour antigen. Due to
the heterogeneous expression of antigens on leukaemia blasts, we hypothesized that a novel bispecific CAR, directed
to the folate receptor beta (FRβ)-binding single-chain variable fragment (scFv) and an IL3α-binding receptor (CD123)
that has more expression in AML blasts, can decrease CAR-T cell exhaustion and increase the efficacy of CAR-T cells
to prevent antigen escaping and consequent recurrence of AML.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, the survival, proliferation, and cytolysis of CAR-T cells remains
suboptimal even with a costimulatory endodomain. Hence, we designed and constructed a tandem CAR that joins an
FRβ and CD123 in the second generation retroviral vector to generate a bispecific tandem CAR (TanCAR-T cell).
Results TanCAR FRβ-CD123 T cells showed distinct binding to FRβ or CD123 expressing cells. They could lyse the
leukaemia cell lines (66.1 ± 11%) comparable to the single CAR-T cells against these determinants. TanCAR FRβ-
CD123 T cells simultaneously engaged FRβ and CD123, which promoted T cell activation in targeting and lysis of the
examined leukaemia cell lines. TanCAR-T cell significantly induced interferon gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin 2 (IL-2)
production more than single CAR-T cells, which produced a synergistic enhancement of TanCAR FRβ-CD123 T cell
function when dual antigens faced simultaneously.
Conclusion Dual-specific TanCAR FRβ-CD123 T cells showed therapeutic potential to improve AML control by co-
engaging FRβ and CD123 molecules in a robust, divalent immune system. This strategy may be a useful therapeutic
approach in patients with relapsed B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ghamari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Majd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Hamidieh
- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yeganeh O, Shabani M, Pakzad P, Mosaffa N, Hashemi A. Production and characterization of novel monoclonal antibodies against outer membrane protein A (OmpA) of Acinetobacter baumannii. J Immunol Methods 2021; 499:113169. [PMID: 34666009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a significant clinical problem with unacceptably high mortality rate due to the increase in antibiotic-resistant strains. Producing novel monoclonal antibody (MAb) against outer membrane protein A (OmpA) could be considered as a potential tool to improve treatment of A. baumannii infections. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to produce murine MAbs against OmpA peptide of A. baumannii. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c mice were immunized with 18-mer amino acid peptide as a part of the OmpA protein. Four antibody-secreting hybridomas were obtained using hybridoma technology and then characterized according to isotypes, affinity constant, reactivity in ELISA, flow cytometry, indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and opsonophagocytic killing assays. RESULTS All four produced MAbs (1A1-D10, 1G1-E7, 2C11-F10, and 4H2-H9) had IgG1 isotype with Kappa light chain. One of these MAbs, 1G1-E7 was purified and selected for further characterizations. 1G1-E7 showed a high reactivity with both immunogenic peptide and A. baumannii in ELISA. Our results indicated that 1G1-E7 MAb reacted with 95.3% of A. baumannii in flow cytometry as well as IFA. Moreover, the affinity of the 1G1-E7 MAb was measured 1.37 × 108 M-1. The 1G1-E7 significantly improved opsonophagocytic killing of a clinical isolate of A. baumannii. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that the OmpA can be identified by produced MAbs. The efficacy of novel anti-OmpA antibodies in A. baumannii targeting needs to be further investigated in challenging models, and then could be subjected for genetic engineering to produce therapeutic antibody against A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Yeganeh
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shabani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kazemi J, Shahsavarani H, Pakzad P, Shokrgozar M. WNT-targeted compound and phytoestrogen promoted cardiogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in vitro. J Mens Health 2021. [DOI: 10.31083/jomh.2021.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Niakani M, Majd A, Pakzad P, Malekinejad H. Prodigiosin induced the caspase-dependent apoptosis in human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cell. Res Pharm Sci 2020; 16:26-34. [PMID: 33953772 PMCID: PMC8074807 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.305186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) as a myeloproliferative disease is characterized by increased cellularity of bone marrow. Implementing the latest treatment protocols is currently accompanied by serious and life-threatening side effects. There are worldwide attempts to find new effective and potent therapeutic agents with minimal side effects on CML patients. This in vitro study was carried out to discover the potential antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of naturally produced prodigiosin (PDG) on K562 cells as an accepted model of CML. Experimental approach: The anti-proliferative effect of PDG was measured by MTT assay. To highlight the mechanism of cytotoxicity, the apoptotic cell death pathway was investigated by morphological and biochemical assessments. The dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining technique and western blotting method were applied to assess the mechanism of the potential apoptotic impact of PDG on K562 cells. Findings/Results: PDG-induced time- and concentration-dependent anti-proliferative effects were revealed with an estimated IC50 value of 54.06 μM. The highest cell viability reduction (60%) was recorded in cells, which were exposed to 100 μM concentration. Further assays demonstrated that in the dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining method the cell population in the late apoptosis phase was increased in a concentration-dependent manner, which was confirmed with remarkable DNA fragmentation. Conclusion and implications: We found that the PDG-induced apoptosis in K562 cells is mediated through the caspase-3 activation both in mRNA and protein levels. Our results suggest that PDG could be a potent compound for further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics studies in the in vivo model of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Niakani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Ahmad Majd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Hassan Malekinejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran.,Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
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12
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Afrough H, Ghafouri-Fard S, Yousefi H, Pakzad P, Kholghi Oskooei V, Taheri M. DICER-AS1 lncRNA: A putative culprit in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 116:104490. [PMID: 32663487 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several cancers including gastric cancer. We have recently reported dysregulation of a number of NF-κB-associated lncRNAs in a variety of human disorders including breast cancer and coronary artery disease. In the current study, we evaluated expression of five NF-κB-associated lncRNAs (CHAST, ADINR, DICER1-AS1, HNF1A-AS1 and NKILA) and two NF-κB-associated-mRNA coding genes (CEBPA and ATG5) in gastric cancer tissues and their paired non-cancerous tissues using real time PCR method. Expression of DICER-AS1 was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues compared with the corresponding non-cancerous tissues (Expression ratio = 0.23, P value = .01). Expressions of other genes were not significantly different between these two sets of samples. Relative expression of DICER1-AS1 in cancer tissues versus non-cancerous tissues tended to associated with histological grade (P = .05). Tumoral expression levels of NKILA, ADINR, CEBPA and HNF1A-AS1 were significantly higher in patients with positive family history of cancer compared with those without such history (P values = .03, 0.02, 0.02 1nd 0.03, respectively). Besides, expression levels of NKILA, ADINR, DICER1-AS1, CEBPA, CHAST, HNF1A-AS1 and ATG5 were lower in H. pylori-infected tissues (P values = .01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.01, 0.004, 0.004 and 0.04, respectively). The lowest tumoral expression of DICER1-AS1 was detected in stage II cancers, while the highest expression of this lncRNA was reported in a single stage I tumor tissue. Similar pattern of expression was detected for ATG5. Significant pairwise correlations were demonstrated between expression levels of NF-ƙB-associated genes in both gastric cancer tissues and non-cancerous tissues. Expression levels of DICER1-AS1 had sensitivity and specificity values of 63.3% and 63.3% in differentiating between tumoral and non-tumoral tissues (Estimate criterion>6.96, J = 0.27, P value = .01, AUC = 0.67). Although previous studies have reported involvement of NF-κB pathway in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, among the reported lncRNAs associated with this pathway, we could only detect differential expression of DICER1-AS1 between tumoral and non-tumoral tissues. Thus, the mechanism underlying dysregulation of this pathway might be different among various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Afrough
- College of Biology Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology Sciences, North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Kholghi Oskooei
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abed Kahnamouei S, Baghaei K, Pakzad P, Hashemi M, Zali MR. The role of extracellular matrix proteins in gastric cancer development via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2020; 13:S139-S144. [PMID: 33585016 PMCID: PMC7881393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To acquire a deeper perception of EMT, we evaluated the expression of some candidate extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins including THBS2, OSMR and CHI3L1 which were collected from RNA-seq bioinformatic analyses. BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a major incident gastrointestinal cancer with a high rate of mortality. Metastasis is a challenging issue in gastric cancer treatment. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells is a complicated process controlled by different cells and molecular pathways regarded as an important step at the onset of metastasis. METHODS AGS gastric cancer cell line was cultured and treated by TGF-β. EMT induction was verified by measuring the expression of E-cadherin, Snail, β-catenin and Vimentin genes by real time PCR. Then, following our previous study, we evaluated the expression of THBS2, OSMR and CHI3L1 genes in EMT induced cells by real time PCR. RESULTS Downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of Snail, β-catenin and Vimentin genes were verified in AGS treated cells in comparison with none-treated cells (P-value = 0.0355, P-value = 0.007, P-value = 0.0059, P-value = 0.0206 respectively). Also, upregulation of THBS2, OSMR and CHI3L1 were validated in these cells after EMT induction (P-value = 0.0147, P-value = 0.05, P-value = 0.05 respectively). CONCLUSION Our morphological and molecular results validated EMT induction by TGF- β cytokine in AGS gastric cancer cell line. Furthermore, significant upregulation of candidate genes including THBS2, OSMR and CHI3L1 verified the role of these proteins in gastric cancer invasiveness. However, further studies are needed for the validation of prognostic value of these markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Abed Kahnamouei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Torbati E, Bandehpour M, Pakzad P, Mosaffa N, Koochaki A, Kazemi B. The evaluation of hepatitis C virus core antigen in immunized BALB/c mice. Hepat Mon 2012; 12:391-7. [PMID: 22879829 PMCID: PMC3412556 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.6141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis infection represents one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, however there is not any effective vaccine against hepatitis C which is one of the significant problems in vaccine project. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of HCV core protein in inducing IFN-Gamma secretion and TCL activities as a vaccine in Balb/C mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Our previous cloned plasmid (HCV Core gene into pETDuet-1) applied for protein expression in bacteria. The expressed and purified recombinant protein together with Freund's adjuvant was injected to 15 Balb/c mice. The total IgG and IgG2a of immunized mice sera were evaluated after a week. Two weeks after booster injection, we studied the proliferation and IFNγ secretion of spleens, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes lymphocytes by ELISA and ELISPOT. RESULTS The FSFC (Frequency of spot forming cells) of secreting cells of immunized mice with HCV/Core protein and sera IgG2a were considerably higher than the control groups. CONCLUSIONS The core protein together with proper adjuvant can be a candidate vaccine against of HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Torbati
- Microbiology Department, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mojgan Bandehpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Mojgan Bandehpour, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel.: +98-2122439957, Fax: +98-2122439956, E-mail:
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Microbiology Department, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Nariman Mosaffa
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ameneh Koochaki
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Bahram Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Nadi M, Mosaffa N, Karimi F, Kamalinejad M, Farrokhi B, Anissian A, Pakzad P. Iranian black tea and cowslip extracts induce tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion from mouse macrophage cell culture. Iran J Pharm Res 2010; 9:83-7. [PMID: 24363711 PMCID: PMC3869554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Many species of tea (Camellia sinensis) and cowslip (Echium amoenum) are used in Iranian traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to conduct the survey on the ability of Iranian black tea and cowslip extracts on secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by non-infected and infected mouse macrophages. A macrophage infection model with Legionella pneumophila and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used in this study. Research showed that the concentrations of TNF-alpha in non-infected and infected macrophage culture supernatant treated with various concentrations of Iranian black tea and cowslip extracts was significantly higher than the control. Various concentrations of cowslip (0.5, 5 and 50 μg/mL) had significantly a great effect on the induction of TNF-alpha secretion in comparison with the Iranian black tea extract (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, we demonstrated the ability of Iranian black tea and cowslip on the induction of TNF-alpha, which can exert an anti-L. pneumophila activity on macrophages at a low dose. However, further studies to elucidate the mechanism(s) of the induction of macrophages by Iranian black tea and cowslip as well as their potential inhibitory effects on the growth of infected cells and their possible antitumor effects should be carried out in future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Nadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nariman Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Forouzan Karimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Babak Farrokhi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arash Anissian
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parviz Pakzad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
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Kazemi B, Seyed N, Bandehpour M, Sharifnia Z, Pakzad P. Cloning, expression and purification of truncated Chlamydia trachomatis outer membrane protein 2 (omp2) and its application in an ELISA assay. Iran J Immunol 2008; 5:148-155. [PMID: 18791281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a simple and direct method does not exist for the detection of chlamydial infections, there are situations in which reliable serological tests, with sensitivity related to a specific antigen, could be helpful. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to clone the first 1100 bp of the C. trachomatis outer membrane protein 2 (omp2) gene in order to prepare a recombinant protein for use in an ELISA system designed to recognize the anti- C. trachomatis antibody in patient sera. METHODS The PCR product of the chlamydial omp2 gene was cloned in pBluescript and its first 1100 bp was subcloned in the pQE-30 expression vector and induced by IPTG. The recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography and its purity was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, gel diffusion and western blot analyses. The purified protein was coated onto a polystyrene microplate and tested by ELISA using patient serum. RESULTS We have cloned, over-expressed and purified biologically functional recombinant truncated Omp2 from C. trachomatis for use, as a species-specific recognition antigen, in an ELISA system. In this study we determined a cut-off value of 0.345 for this ELISA system using 55 negative sera and measured six positive sera at dilutions of 1:20-1:2560. CONCLUSION As a species-specific recognition antigen, the over-expressed and purified recombinant truncated Omp2 from C. trachomatis performed well in an ELISA system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ahangari G, Rakhshan M, Farhoudi A, Eslami MB, Mortazavi H, Pakzad P. The Presence and Clearance of Immune Complexes in the Untreated Generalised Psoriasis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 1998. [DOI: 10.1177/039463209801100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a hyperproliferative inflammatory disease and 70% of patients develop a chronic plaque form of the disease. The pathogenesis of psoriasis is not known but evidence exists that changes in micro vascular occur. There are micro vascular abnormalities in the capillaries which display a multilayer basement membrane with fenestration. Study of involved synovium in psoriatic arthritis reveals endothelial cell swelling, thickening of the vessel walls and inflammatory cell infiltration. Investigation on expression of CD35 molecules that clear the immune complexes were carried out in this study. CD35 is single chain glycoprotein (MW160–240 kD) and is located on the long arm of the chromosome 1. FACScan was used as laser flow cytometer. Initially 40 blood samples from normal individuals, 35 untreated Lupus Erythematosus Systemic and 35 Rheumatoid arthritis patients were studied as controls for reference values of CD35, Circulating immune Complexes (CIC), Complement C3 & C4. Next 34 patients suffering from psoriasis were studied for, Circulating immune Complexes (CIC), Complement C3 & C4. Comparison of these results with those of reference values normal ranges showed significant increase of CIC (P<0.05) and decrease of CD35 (P<0.001). Where as, the complement component levels C3 (P>0.05) and C4(P>0.05) indicates werenot significantly altered. This study shows that the decrease in expression of CD35 on Red blood cells in psoriasis patients is more crucial than C3 and C4 levels. Thus decrease of CD35 molecule in psoriasis may cause increased levels of CIC in patients' sera and promotion of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ahangari
- Department of Immunology, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, IRAN
- National Research Center for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Tehran, IRAN
- Department of Immunology, Children's Hospital medical center, Tehran, IRAN
| | - M. Rakhshan
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Beheshti University, Tehran, IRAN
| | - A. Farhoudi
- Department of Immunology, Children's Hospital medical center, Tehran, IRAN
| | - M. B. Eslami
- Department of Immunology, Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN
| | | | - P. Pakzad
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Beheshti University, Tehran, IRAN
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