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Kobik W, Aryee PA. Energy drinks in Tamale: Understanding youth perceptions, consumption patterns, and related factors. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289391. [PMID: 38669248 PMCID: PMC11051681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Energy drinks (EDs) have become a popular choice for young people seeking physical and cognitive boosts, with ingredients such as caffeine, taurine, and B vitamins aimed at improving academic, athletic, and alertness levels. However, the popularity of these drinks is also driven by low prices, taste, brand loyalty, and gendered marketing, with boys being more likely to consume them. Despite the supposed benefits, EDs have been associated with high-risk behaviours, deaths, and adverse health effects, especially those related to cardiovascular risk. Meanwhile, in Ghana, the use of EDs is on the rise. Hence, this study aimed to examine the prevalence and consumption patterns, perceptions, and factors associated with ED consumption among the youth of the Tamale Metropolis. The study was cross-sectional, consisting of 541 participants. The group consisted of 340 males and 201 females, between the ages of 15 and 45. A questionnaire was utilized to obtain data on the respondents' consumption patterns and perceptions of EDs, as well as their socio-demographic characteristics. The results of the study indicated that a large percentage of the respondents, 98.7%, had consumed EDs before, while 78.7% currently consume them. Respondents believed that EDs provided additional energy (81.00%) and reduced stress (62.30%). However, they also perceived side effects such as insomnia (60.60%) and restlessness (51.40%). Also, the highest proportion of respondents (83.4%) had poor knowledge of EDs. They were unaware of the classification of EDs and their ingredients, side effects, and benefits. Age, marital status, level of education, work intensity, EDs served at gatherings, and knowledge of EDs was significantly associated with ED consumption (p < .05). Consumption was higher among those aged 26 to 35 years, singles, individuals with no formal education, and those with high work intensity. The high consumption was also associated with low knowledge levels. It is recommended that public health and nutrition professionals engage in further advocacy efforts to improve the youth's knowledge and perception of EDs in a positive manner. In addition, lawmakers should use legislation to influence consumption rates and safeguard the health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Williams Kobik
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Allied Relief, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Dietetics, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana
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Adjei-Gyamfi S, Musah B, Asirifi A, Hammond J, Aryee PA, Miho S, Aiga H. Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: a cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana. J Health Popul Nutr 2023; 42:87. [PMID: 37644518 PMCID: PMC10464333 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal birthweights are critical public health challenges accountable for most non-communicable diseases and perinatal mortalities. Regardless of the myriad of mixed evidence on maternal factors responsible for abnormal birthweight globally, most of these findings are attained from urban and rural settings. This study serves as one of the key pieces of evidence in view of the increasing prevalence of abnormal birthweight particularly in some parts of semi-rural Ghana. The study, therefore, aims to estimate the prevalence of abnormal birthweight and identify some possible maternal risk factors for abnormal birthweight in Northern Ghana. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Savelugu municipality from February-March 2022. A total of 356 mothers aged 16-46 years, having a neonate and attending postnatal care service, were recruited as study participants. Data were collected from maternal and child health record books and through structured interviews. To identify the maternal risk factors for abnormal birthweight, chi-square/Fischer's exact test and multinomial logistic regression were employed as bivariate and multivariate analyses, respectively, at 95% confidence level. RESULTS Prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were 22.2% and 8.7%, respectively. Maternal anaemia in first trimester (AOR 3.226; 95% CI 1.372-7.784) and third trimester (AOR 23.94; 95% CI 7.442-70.01) of gestation was strong predictors for low birthweight. Mothers belonging to minority ethnic groups (AOR 0.104; 95% CI 0.011-0.995); mothers who had ≥ 8 antenatal care visits (AOR 0.249; 95% CI 0.103-0.602); and mothers having neonates whose birth length > 47.5 cm (AOR 0.271; 95% CI 0.113-0.651) had reduced odds for low birthweight. Alternatively, mothers with gestational weeks ≥ 42 (AOR 23.21; 95% CI 4.603-56.19) and mothers from the richest households (highest socioeconomic homes) (AOR 14.25; 95% CI 1.638-23.91) were more likely to birth to macrosomic infants. CONCLUSION The prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were relatively high. Anaemia in the first and third trimesters was strong determinants of low birthweight. Being minority ethnic group, frequency of antenatal visits, and childbirth length reduced the risk of low-weight births. Advanced gestational age and socioeconomic status of mothers were also predictors of macrosomia. Hence, nutrition counselling, community health education, and promotion of lifestyle improvement coupled with strengthening of health service delivery are recommended interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas Adjei-Gyamfi
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8523, Japan.
- Savelugu Municipal Hospital, Ghana Health Service, P.O. Box 45, Savelugu, Northern Region, Ghana.
| | - Bashiru Musah
- Savelugu Municipal Hospital, Ghana Health Service, P.O. Box 45, Savelugu, Northern Region, Ghana
| | - Abigail Asirifi
- Seventh Day Adventist Hospital, Christian Health Association of Ghana, P.O. Box 24, Wiamoase, Ashanti Region, Ghana
| | - John Hammond
- Central Regional Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, P.O. Box 63, Cape Coast, Central Region, Ghana
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana
| | - Sato Miho
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Aiga
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8523, Japan
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Kalog GLS, Kasim F, Anyebuno B, Tei S, Kubuga CK, Mogre V, Aryee PA. Food advertisement influences food decision making and not nutritional status: a study among university students in Ghana. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:72. [PMID: 35915469 PMCID: PMC9341121 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Consumers are exposed to a wide range of advertisements through different channels daily, which tends to have an influence on their food decision making. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different forms of food advertisements students are exposed to on campus and how they influence their food choices and nutritional status. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the influence of different forms of food advertisements on students’ food choices and nutritional status. A self-reported semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit responses from 367 students. About 51.5% of the students were females and 48.5% males. Body Mass index (BMI) was derived from weight and height measured according to standard procedures. Data was analysed and presented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square was used to determine association between categorical variables (socio-demographic characteristics, food choices and nutritional status). Results The students reported ‘use of internet’ (58.9%) as the main source of food advertisement on campus, followed by television (21.0%). A large number of students (74.9%) were affirmative about food advertisements influencing their food decision making. Those with poor nutritional status (underweight, overweight and obese) were more likely to patronize sugar sweetened beverages (10.1%) as compared to fruits and vegetables (1.4%). There was statistical significance (p = 0.003) for type of food patronized due to advertisement and the source of advertisement. However, there was no statistical significance (p = 0.832) for type of food patronized due to advertisement and BMI of students. Conclusion Owing to the increased patronage of internet and television as channels of food advertisements by students, policy makers should prioritize the designing and implementation of intervention programmes through these channels that would influence healthy food decision making and promote consumption of nutrient rich foods. As this population has high self-reported advertisements’ influence on food choices, it is vital to investigate further the influence of contextual cues such as environment and advertisement on their eating habits and dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Libienuo Sowley Kalog
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.
| | - Faiza Kasim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Bernice Anyebuno
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Sandra Tei
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Clement Kubreziga Kubuga
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Victor Mogre
- Department of Health Professions Education and Innovative Learning, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
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Kumbiley J, Amalba A, Aryee PA, Azure SA, Mogre V. Determinants of Nutrition Care Practice by Midwives and Nurses in the Antenatal and Postnatal Care Settings: A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Survey From Ghana. Glob Pediatr Health 2021; 8:2333794X211048382. [PMID: 34604461 PMCID: PMC8481714 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x211048382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. Midwives and nurses are critical in nutrition care for pregnant women and lactating mothers. Ghanaian nurses and midwives’ perception of the adequacy and their satisfaction with nutrition education received during training in school, level of nutrition care competencies, and nutrition practice behavior is unknown. We evaluated the adequacy of nutrition education received in nursing and midwifery school; nutrition care competencies; self-efficacy and the nutrition care practice of midwives and nurses. We also evaluated determinants of nutrition care practice during routine antenatal and postnatal care. Methods. Cross-sectional study conducted among midwives and nurses working at antenatal and postnatal clinics in Ghana. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, correlation, and linear regression. Findings. Almost 90% (n = 267) of the participants received nutrition education during training, 77.5% were unsatisfied with the amount of time allocated for nutrition education and 40% felt inadequately prepared from school to provide nutrition care. Self-efficacy ranged from moderate to low. Determinants of nutrition care practice were age of respondents (B = 0.04; P = .002), nutrition-related knowledge (B = 0.05; P = .016), adequacy of nutrition education (B = 0.14; P = .006), nutrition training after school (B = 0.38; P = .010) and nutrition care self-efficacy (B = 0.03; P = .048). Conclusion. Notable knowledge gaps in basic nutrition, inadequate preparedness, and poor confidence to provide nutrition care was common. There is a need to improve the nutrition education experiences of midwives and nurses through curricula revision and refresher training courses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Amalba
- College of Health, Yamfo, Ghana.,Department of Population and Reproductive Health, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | | | - Simon Agongo Azure
- College of Health, Yamfo, Ghana.,Department of Population and Reproductive Health, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Victor Mogre
- University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
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Anabire NG, Aryee PA, Ziblim Z, Suurbaar J, Ansah F, Helegbe GK. Asymptomatic malaria and hepatitis B do not influence cytokine responses of persons involved in chronic sedentary activities. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:957. [PMID: 33317454 PMCID: PMC7737354 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05692-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Sedentary lifestyles have been linked to increased odds of stress, elevated anxiety and diminished wellbeing, inducing cytokine production and predispose to hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. In endemic areas, Plasmodium falciparum and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections can trigger pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. However, the impact of these infections on cytokine response profiles in individuals engaged in chronic sedentary activities is unknown. This study was aimed at addressing these concerns using a predominantly sedentary population of traders in the Tamale metropolis of Ghana. Method Four hundred respondents were categorized, based on their number of working years (< or ≥ 5 years) and number of working hours per day (< or ≥ 10 h), into sedentary (≥5 years + ≥ 10 h) and non-sedentary (≥ 5 years + < 10 h, < 5 years + ≥ 10 h and < 5 years + < 10 h) groups. The participants were tested for P. falciparum and HBV infections using polymerase chain reaction. Blood pressure and cytokines responses were measured. Associations and comparison analysis between variables were determined, and test statistics with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Infection status included: un-infected (93.5%), P. falciparum mono-infected (1.0%), HBV mono-infected (3.0%) or P. falciparum /HBV co-infected (2.5%). Majority of the participants, 57.0% (n = 228) were involved in chronic sedentary life style. That notwithstanding, sedentary lifestyle was independent of the infection groups (χ2 = 7.08, p = 0.629). Hypertension was diagnosed in 53.8% of respondents and was independent of infection status (X2 = 6.33, p = 0.097). Pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-7 and IL-13) cytokine responses were similar among individuals with different sedentary working time and between hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). Among individuals with different infection status, pro-inflammatory (TNF-α; p = 0.290, IL-1β; p = 0.442, IL-6; p = 0.686, IFN-γ; p = 0.801, IL-8; p = 0.546, IL-12; p = 0.154) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10; p = 0.201, IL-7; p = 0.190, IL-13; p = 0.763) cytokine responses were similar. Conclusion Our data suggest that asymptomatic infections of P. falciparum and HBV together with a high prevalence of hypertension did not have any significant impact on cytokine response profiles among predominantly sedentary traders in the Tamale metropolis of Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nsoh Godwin Anabire
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 54, Legon, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL, 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL, 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Zulka Ziblim
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL, 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Jonathan Suurbaar
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 54, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Felix Ansah
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 54, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gideon Kofi Helegbe
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 54, Legon, Accra, Ghana. .,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL, 1883, Tamale, Ghana.
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Anabire NG, Tetteh WJ, Obiri-Yaboah D, Annan I, Luuse AT, Aryee PA, Helegbe GK, Hagan OCK, Eliason S. Evaluation of hepatic and kidney dysfunction among newly diagnosed HIV patients with viral hepatitis infection in Cape Coast, Ghana. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:466. [PMID: 31366401 PMCID: PMC6669969 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HIV positive individuals infected with viral hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) are at an increased risk of progression to kidney and liver failures. Therefore, prior to initiation of antiretroviral therapy, early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment protocols are imperative for co-infected individuals. This study evaluated the prevalence of HBV and HCV, and extent of liver and renal dysfunction among 90 newly diagnosed HIV patients attending the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital HIV clinic. RESULTS Levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate-platelet ratio index and estimated glomerular filtration rate were used respectively to diagnose hepatotoxicity, liver fibrosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Association analyses were evaluated by Pearson's Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and considered significant at p < 0.05. Using rapid diagnostic tests, 75.6% (n = 68) had HIV1 mono-infection, 24.4% (n = 22) had HIV1/HBV co-infection while 0.0% (n = 0) had HIV1/HCV co-infection. The prevalence of hepatotoxicity, liver fibrosis, and CKD were 7.8% (n = 7), 2.2% (n = 2), and 15.5% (n = 14) respectively. Similar proportions of HIV1/HBV and HIV1 were diagnosed with liver fibrosis (p = 0.431). In relation to hepatotoxicity Grade, a high proportion of HIV1/HBV were diagnosed with Grade 2 (p = 0.042). Also, severely reduced kidney function (CKD stage 4) was observed in only HIV1/HBV (n = 2, 9.1%, p = 0.053).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nsoh Godwin Anabire
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | | | - Isaac Annan
- Howard Community College, 10901 Little Patuxent Parkway, Columbia, MD 21044 USA
| | - Arnold Togiwe Luuse
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Gideon Kofi Helegbe
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | - Sabastian Eliason
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Anabire NG, Aryee PA, Abdul-Karim A, Quaye O, Awandare GA, Helegbe GK. Impact of malaria and hepatitis B co-infection on clinical and cytokine profiles among pregnant women. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215550. [PMID: 31002731 PMCID: PMC6474591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The overlap of malaria and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is common in endemic regions, however, it is not known if this co-infection could adversely influence clinical and immunological responses. This study investigated these interactions in pregnant women reporting to antenatal clinics in Ghana. Methods Clinical parameters (hemoglobin, liver function biomarker, peripheral malaria parasitemia, and hepatitis B viremia) and cytokine profiles were assayed and compared across four categories of pregnant women: un-infected, mono-infected with Plasmodium falciparum (Malaria group), mono-infected with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB group) and co-infected (Malaria+CHB group). Results Women with Malaria+CHB maintained appreciably normal hemoglobin levels (mean±SEM = 10.3±0.3 g/dL). That notwithstanding, Liver function test showed significantly elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin [P<0.001 for all comparisons]. Similarly, the Malaria+CHB group had significantly elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 [P<0.05 for all comparisons]. In women with Malaria+CHB, correlation analysis showed significant negative association of the pro-inflammatory cytokines responses with malaria parasitemia [IL-1β (P<0.001; r = -0.645), IL-6 (P = 0.046; r = -0.394) and IL-12 (P = 0.011; r = -0.49)]. On the other hand, the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels positively correlated with HBV viremia [TNF-α (P = 0.004; r = 0.549), IL-1β (P<0.001; r = 0.920), IL-6 (P<0.001; r = 0.777), IFN-γ (P = 0.002; r = 0.579), IL-2 (P = 0.008; r = 0.512) and IL-12 (P<0.001; r = 0.655)]. Also, for women in the Malaria+CHB group, parasitemia was observed to diminish HBV viremia [P = 0.003, r = -0.489]. Conclusion Put together the findings suggests that Malaria+CHB could exacerbate inflammatory cytokine responses and increase susceptibility to liver injury among pregnant women in endemic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nsoh Godwin Anabire
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Legon- Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell & Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon- Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, amale- Ghana
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale- Ghana
| | - Abass Abdul-Karim
- Zonal Public Health Laboratory, Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale- Ghana
| | - Osbourne Quaye
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Legon- Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell & Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon- Accra, Ghana
| | - Gordon Akanzuwine Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Legon- Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell & Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon- Accra, Ghana
| | - Gideon Kofi Helegbe
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Legon- Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, amale- Ghana
- * E-mail:
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Anabire NG, Aryee PA, Helegbe GK. Hematological abnormalities in patients with malaria and typhoid in Tamale Metropolis of Ghana. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:353. [PMID: 29871667 PMCID: PMC5989466 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Anemia, Leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are commonly observed hematological abnormalities in malaria and typhoid patients. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of cytopenias in patients with mono-infections of plasmodium parasites (malaria group) or salmonella bacteria (typhoid group). Full blood counts from 79 patients (age ranging from 18 to 77 years) categorized into malaria and typhoid groups at the Tamale Central Hospital were assessed. Results Data generated were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 and Graphpad Prism 6. Values were observed to be significant at p < 0.05. The prevalence of cytopenias were; 29.6, 48.0% for anemia, 38.9, 12.0% for thrombocytopenia, 20.4, 12.0% for leukopenia, 13.0, 8.0% for bicytopenia and 5.6, 4.0% for pancytopenia in both malaria and typhoid groups respectively. Between the two groups of patients, thrombocytopenia was significantly associated with those in the malaria group (χ2 = 5.84, p < 0.016). No association was found between cytopenias and gender in patients in the malaria group; however, the middle aged group, 36–55 years, was significantly associated with anemia (χ2 = 12.97, p < 0.002). Cytopenias were not associated with gender, and with different age categories in patients in the typhoid group. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3456-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nsoh Godwin Anabire
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Gideon Kofi Helegbe
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana.
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Anabire NG, Aryee PA, Addo F, Anaba F, Kanwugu ON, Ankrah J, Awandare GA, Helegbe GK. Evaluation of hematological indices of childhood illnesses in Tamale Metropolis of Ghana. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22582. [PMID: 29862574 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hematological indices cannot in entirety be used to diagnose diseases or defects, the appropriate interpretation of these indices could complement diagnostics such as microscopy and serology for numerous illnesses in children. This study sought to evaluate distinct hematological indices characterizing different childhood illnesses. METHODS Full blood counts from 150 children (age range from 1 to 15 year) presenting different disease conditions at the Tamale Central Hospital were assessed. The hematological indices were compared between disease categories, and relationships between disease indicators were determined. RESULTS The prevalence of the diagnosed childhood illness were: 50.7% malaria, 20.0% diarrhea, 13.3% typhoid fever, 10.0% Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), and 6.0% malaria-typhoid co-infection. Fever was diagnosed in a majority (66.0%) of the children, but was independent of each disease group, (χ2 = 9.18, P = .057). Of the 24 hematological indices analyzed, eight; red blood cell (RBC) (P < .001), hemoglobin (Hb) (P < .001), mean cell volume (MCV) (P = .002), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) (P < .001; lowest and below normal range for SCD), red cell distribution width (RDW_CV) (P < .001), eosinophil percentage [EOS (%)] (P = .001), eosinophil number [EOS#] (P = .002), and platelets (PLT) (P = .001; lowest for malaria) differed significantly across the different disease groups. Levels of Hb and/or MCV were below the normal reference ranges for most of the diagnosed diseases. In addition, low PLT and MCH were respectively distinct for children with malaria and SCD. CONCLUSION Hematological indices including Hb, MCV and PLT, or MCH may be useful indices that could incite further diagnostic tests for malaria or SCD among children in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nsoh Godwin Anabire
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for development studies, Tamale, Ghana.,West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell & Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Francis Addo
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, University for Development Studies, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Frank Anaba
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for development studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Osman Nabayire Kanwugu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for development studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Jacob Ankrah
- Department of Hematology, Tamale Central Hospital, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Gordon Akanzuwine Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell & Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gideon Kofi Helegbe
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for development studies, Tamale, Ghana.,West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Kanwugu ON, Helegbe GK, Aryee PA, Akontatiba NA, Ankrah J, Anabire NG, Anaba F, Ahenkora B. A comparative assessment of the glucose monitor (SD Codefree) and auto analyzer (BT-3000) in measuring blood glucose concentration among diabetic patients. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:453. [PMID: 28877765 PMCID: PMC5588599 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2789-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine how well the measurements from a glucometer (SD Codefree) correlated with those from a standard auto analyser (BT-3000) using blood samples from diabetic and non-diabetic patients at the Bolgatanga Regional Hospital in Ghana. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 150 randomly selected patients; 100 diabetic patients (4 type 1 and 96 type II) and 50 non diabetic patients. Ante-cubital venous and finger pricked blood samples were obtained from the patients following standard procedures, and blood glucose concentrations were determined using the two methods respectively. Results Data generated was entered and analysed using SPSS version 20. The mean glucose concentration for the diabetic patients (n = 100) using the glucometer were not significantly different from that of the auto analyser (10.16 ± 3.708 mmol/L vs. 9.458 ± 3.204 mmol/L, p = 0.154), though the glucometer generally overestimated the glucose concentration. Similarly, readings for non-diabetics were comparable between the two methods (5.286 ± 0.477 mmol/L vs. 5.092 ± 0.525 mmol/L, p = 0.057). The correlation between the two methods was good and highly significant (r = 0.862, p < 0.001) with both methods depicting high sensitivity and specificity in measuring blood glucose levels among diabetics as indicated by the ROC curve. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2789-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Nabayire Kanwugu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Gideon Kofi Helegbe
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana.
| | - Paul Armah Aryee
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | - Jacob Ankrah
- Department of Hematology, Tamale Central Hospital-Tamale, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Nsoh Godwin Anabire
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Frank Anaba
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
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Aryee PA, Helegbe GK, Baah B, Sarfo-Asante RA, Quist-Therson R. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity among Nurses in the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana. J Med Biomed Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/jmbs.v2i4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Arthur SK, Aryee PA, Amuasi J, Hesse IF, Affram RK. Impairment of renal sodium excretion in tropical residents--phenomenological analysis. Int J Biometeorol 1999; 43:14-20. [PMID: 10466016 DOI: 10.1007/s004840050111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence of impaired renal sodium excretion in salt-sensitive African Blacks. A decreased rate of renal sodium chloride (NaCl) excretion, low plasma renin activity and a tendency to elevated blood pressure are the hallmarks of salt sensitivity. Recent evidence indicates that increased proximal and distal tubular fluid reabsorption in some tropical residents may explain the impaired sodium excretion in these people. In this study of a cohort population, we speculated that subjects selected from that population might be salt-sensitive. We therefore measured the sodium balance in 10 normotensive male subjects over 10 consecutive days, after they had ingested a normal or a high amount of sodium, as NaCl (salt) in their diet. We quantified their renal sodium excretion rate by phenomenological analysis of their sodium balance data. We also measured plasma renin activity for 7 consecutive days in a separate group of 6 male and 4 female subjects in order to assess the state of their renin/angiotensin system. We selected all our subjects from a cohort population of 269 subjects randomly selected from a community known to have a high prevalence of primary hypertension. Our data on two separate groups of subjects from the same cohort population revealed delayed renal sodium excretion with t1/2 of about 5 days, compared to published data for normal individuals with t1/2 of less than 24 h. Also, plasma renin activity levels were low. Hence, our subjects are salt-sensitive. Quantification of their renal impairment is important for various reasons: it heightens one's appreciation of the problem of salt retention in African Blacks who are salt-sensitive and it also underlines the importance of the need for further research into the benefits of dietary salt restriction for reducing cardiovascular mortality in African populations, as has been done in some Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Arthur
- Department of Physiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana. arthur.@compcentre.uz.ac.zw
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