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Hoa LNM, Tuan NA, My PH, Huong TTK, Chi NTY, Hau Thu TT, Carrique-Mas J, Duong MT, Tho ND, Hoang ND, Thanh TL, Diep NT, van Duong N, Toan TK, Tung TS, Mai LQ, Iqbal M, Wertheim H, van Doorn HR, Bryant JE. Assessing evidence for avian-to-human transmission of influenza A/H9N2 virus in rural farming communities in northern Vietnam. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:2011-2016. [PMID: 28771136 PMCID: PMC5656782 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rural farming communities in northern Vietnam do not routinely practice vaccination for influenza A viruses (IAV) for either humans or poultry, which enables us to study transmission intensity via seroepidemiology. Using samples from a longitudinal cohort of farming households, we determined the number of symptomatic and asymptomatic human infections for seasonal IAV and avian A/H9 over 2 years. As expected, we detected virologically confirmed acute cases of seasonal IAV in humans, as well as large numbers of subclinical seroconversions to A/H1pdm [55/265 (21 %)], A/H3 [95/265 (36 %)] and A/H9 [24/265 (9 %)]. Five of the A/H9 human seroconverters likely represented true infections rather than heterosubtypic immunity, because the individuals seroconverted solely to A/H9. Among co-located poultry, we found significantly higher seroprevalance for A/H5 compared to A/H9 in both chickens and ducks [for northern study sites overall, 337/1105 (30.5 %) seropositive for A/H5 and 123/1105 (11.1 %) seropositive for A/H9].
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Agriculture
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Chickens
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Ducks
- Female
- Humans
- Infant
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/classification
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/isolation & purification
- Influenza in Birds/blood
- Influenza in Birds/epidemiology
- Influenza in Birds/transmission
- Influenza in Birds/virology
- Influenza, Human/blood
- Influenza, Human/epidemiology
- Influenza, Human/transmission
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Poultry Diseases/blood
- Poultry Diseases/epidemiology
- Poultry Diseases/transmission
- Poultry Diseases/virology
- Rural Population/statistics & numerical data
- Seroepidemiologic Studies
- Vietnam
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Nguyen Minh Hoa
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Anh Tuan
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
| | - Pham Ha My
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
| | - Tran Thi Kieu Huong
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Yen Chi
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
| | - Trang Thi Hau Thu
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
| | - Juan Carrique-Mas
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
| | - Mai Thuy Duong
- National Center for
Veterinary Diagnostics, Hanoi,
Vietnam
| | | | | | - To Long Thanh
- National Center for
Veterinary Diagnostics, Hanoi,
Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Diep
- Department of Animal
Health, Epidemiology Division, Hanoi,
Vietnam
| | - Nguyen van Duong
- District Veterinary
Services, BaVi District, Subdepartment of Animal Health,
Hanoi province, Vietnam
| | | | - Trinh Son Tung
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
- National Institute
Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi,
Vietnam
| | - Le Quynh Mai
- National Institute
Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi,
Vietnam
| | | | - Heiman Wertheim
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
- Radboud
University, Nijmegen,
Netherlands
| | - H. Rogier van Doorn
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
- Nuffield Department
of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine, University of
Oxford, Oxford,
UK
| | - Juliet E. Bryant
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
- Nuffield Department
of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine, University of
Oxford, Oxford,
UK
| | - the VIZIONS consortium
- Oxford University
Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
Vietnam
- National Center for
Veterinary Diagnostics, Hanoi,
Vietnam
- Department of Animal
Health, Epidemiology Division, Hanoi,
Vietnam
- District Veterinary
Services, BaVi District, Subdepartment of Animal Health,
Hanoi province, Vietnam
- Hanoi Medical
University, Hanoi,
Vietnam
- National Institute
Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi,
Vietnam
- The Pirbright
Insitute, UK
- Radboud
University, Nijmegen,
Netherlands
- Nuffield Department
of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine, University of
Oxford, Oxford,
UK
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