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Bohns FR, Akhtar R, Chuang YJ, Chen PY. Bone quality in zebrafish vertebrae improves after alendronate administration in a glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis model. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 154:106521. [PMID: 38555661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) changes the microarchitecture of bones and often leads to the reduction of bone-mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture rates. Zebrafish has been used as an alternative model for GIOP, however, the interaction of GIOP, and its treatment, with zebrafish bone morphometrics and mechanical properties, remains a challenge. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of prednisolone and alendronate on the properties of zebrafish vertebrae. Adult 7-month-old zebrafish were distributed into four groups: control (CTRL), prednisolone-only (PN), alendronate-only (ALN), and the sequential use of both medicines (PN + ALN). Fish skeletons were scanned via micro-tomography (n = 3) to obtain vertebra morphometrics (e.g., BMD). Bone morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (n = 4) and the biomechanical behaviour with nanoindentation technique (n = 3). The BMD decreased in PN (426.08 ± 18.58 mg/cm3) and ALN (398.23 ± 10.20 mg/cm3) groups compared to the CTRL (490.43 ± 41.96 mg/cm3) (p < 0.001); however, administering the medicines in sequence recovered the values to healthy levels (495.43 ± 22.06 mg/cm3) (p > 0.05). The bone layered structures remain preserved in all groups. The vertebrae of the groups that received ALN and PN + ALN, displayed higher modulus of elasticity (27.27 ± 1.59 GPa and 25.68 ± 2.07 GPa, respectively) than the CTRL (22.74 ± 1.60 GP) (p < 0.001). ALN alone increased the hardness of zebrafish vertebrae to the highest value among the treatments (1.32 ± 0.13 GPa) (p < 0.001). Conversely, PN + ALN (1.25 ± 0.11 GPa) showed unaltered hardness from the CTRL (1.18 ± 0.13 GPa), but significantly higher than the PN group (1.08 ± 0.12 GPa) (p < 0.001). ALN administered after GIOP development, rescued osteoporotic condition by recovering the BMD and bone hardness in zebrafish vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rocha Bohns
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yung-Jen Chuang
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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2
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Wong HMK, Chen PY, Tang GCC, Chiu SLC, Mok LYH, Au SSW, Wong RHL. Deep Parasternal Intercostal Plane Block for Intraoperative Pain Control in Cardiac Surgical Patients for Sternotomy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024; 38:683-690. [PMID: 38148266 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sternotomy pain is common after cardiac surgery. The deep parasternal intercostal plane (DPIP) block is a novel technique that provides analgesia to the anterior chest wall. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic effect of bilateral DPIP blocks on intraoperative pain control in cardiac surgery. DESIGN This is a double-blinded, prospective randomized controlled trial (Oct 2020-Dec 2022). SETTINGS This study was conducted in a single institution, which is an academic university hospital. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-six elective cardiac surgical patients with median sternotomy were recruited. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly divided into DPIP or control group. Either 20ml 0.25% levobupivacaine or 0.9% normal saline was injected for the DPIP under ultrasound guidance after induction of general anaesthesia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The primary outcome was intraoperative opioids consumption and hemodynamic changes at sternotomy. Secondary outcomes included postoperative morphine consumption, postoperative pain and time to tracheal extubation. Intraoperative opioids requirement was reduced from a median (IQR) intravenous morphine equivalence of 21.4mg (13.8-24.3mg) in control group to 9.5mg (7.3-11.2mg) in the DPIP group (P<0.001). Hemodynamic parameters were more stable in DPIP group at sternotomy, as evidenced by lower percentage increase in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure from baseline. No difference was observed in time to tracheal extubation, postoperative morphine consumption, postoperative pain score and spirometry. CONCLUSIONS Bilateral DPIP block provides effective intraoperative analgesia and opioid-sparing. It may be included as part of the multimodal analgesia for enhanced recovery in cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry M K Wong
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Geoffrey C C Tang
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sandra L C Chiu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Louis Y H Mok
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sylvia S W Au
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Randolph H L Wong
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Chen PY, Chiu CC, Chang CK, Lu ML, Huang CY, Chen CH, Huang MC. Higher orexin-A levels are associated with treatment response to clozapine in patients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study. J Psychopharmacol 2024; 38:258-267. [PMID: 38279671 DOI: 10.1177/02698811231225610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clozapine is the primary antipsychotic (APD) for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). However, only 40% of patients with TRS respond to clozapine, constituting a subgroup of clozapine-resistant patients. Recently, the neuropeptide orexin-A was shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This study evaluated the association of orexin-A levels with the clozapine response in patients with TRS. METHODS We recruited 199 patients with schizophrenia, including 37 APD-free and 162 clozapine-treated patients. Clozapine-treated patients were divided into clozapine-responsive (n = 100) and clozapine-resistant (n = 62) groups based on whether they had achieved psychotic remission defined by the 18-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS-18). We compared blood orexin-A levels among the three groups and performed regression analysis to determine the association of orexin-A level with treatment response in clozapine-treated patients. We also explored the correlation between orexin-A levels and cognitive function, assessed using the CogState Schizophrenia Battery. RESULTS Clozapine-responsive patients had higher orexin-A levels than clozapine-resistant and APD-free patients. Orexin-A level was the only factor significantly associated with treatment response after adjustment. Orexin-A levels were negatively correlated with BPRS-18 full scale and positive, negative, and general symptoms subscale scores. We also observed a positive correlation between orexin-A levels and verbal memory, visual learning and memory, and working memory function. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study showed that higher levels of orexin-A are associated with treatment response to clozapine in patients with TRS. Future prospective studies examining changes in orexin-A level following clozapine treatment and the potential benefit of augmenting orexin-A signaling are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kuo Chang
- Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wang-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cho-Yin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wang-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wang-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang TP, Cheng TK, Chen PY, Lee CL. Sonoelectrochemical exfoliation of defective black phosphorus nanosheet with black phosphorus quantum dots as a uric acid sensor. Ultrason Sonochem 2024; 104:106814. [PMID: 38382394 PMCID: PMC10900925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
To maintain human health, the development of rapid uric acid (UA) sensing is crucial. In this study, defective black phosphorus nanosheets with black phosphorus quantum dots (dBPN/BPQDs) were successfully and rapidly prepared by sonoelectrochemical exfoliation. In this process, the intercalation of phosphate ions into the black phosphorus working electrode was improved by coupling ultrasonic radiation with a high intercalating potential (8 V vs. Ag/AgCl/3M). The dBPN/BPQDs with various vacancies (5-9 defects, 5-7-7-5 defects, and 5-8-5 defect vacancies) exhibited a remarkable mass activity (jm, 1.22 × 10-3 mA μg-1) for uric acid oxidation, which was 5.92 times greater than that of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (2.06 × 10-4 mA μg-1). In addition, the sensitivity of the dBPN/BPQD UA sensor was 474.2 μA mM-1 cm-2 in the linear analysis range of 0.1-1.3 mM. The sensitivity of the sensor was apparently higher than 67.7 μA mM-1cm-2 for rGO. The data from real sample experiments using serum showed that the dBPN/BPQD catalyst had high recoveries (97.3 %-100.2 %) and low related standard deviation (0.44 %-1.52 %). The dBPN/BPQDs exhibited the potential as an amperometric sensor to detect UA without needing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Pei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tain-Kei Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Liang Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Wei SY, Chen PY, Tsai MC, Hsu TL, Hsieh CC, Fan HW, Chen TH, Xie RH, Chen GY, Chen YC. Enhancing the Repair of Substantial Volumetric Muscle Loss by Creating Different Levels of Blood Vessel Networks Using Pre-Vascularized Nerve Hydrogel Implants. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303320. [PMID: 38354361 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML), a severe muscle tissue loss from trauma or surgery, results in scarring, limited regeneration, and significant fibrosis, leading to lasting reductions in muscle mass and function. A promising approach for VML recovery involves restoring vascular and neural networks at the injury site, a process not extensively studied yet. Collagen hydrogels have been investigated as scaffolds for blood vessel formation due to their biocompatibility, but reconstructing blood vessels and guiding innervation at the injury site is still difficult. In this study, collagen hydrogels with varied densities of vessel-forming cells are implanted subcutaneously in mice, generating pre-vascularized hydrogels with diverse vessel densities (0-145 numbers/mm2 ) within a week. These hydrogels, after being transplanted into muscle injury sites, are assessed for muscle repair capabilities. Results showed that hydrogels with high microvessel densities, filling the wound area, effectively reconnected with host vasculature and neural networks, promoting neovascularization and muscle integration, and addressing about 63% of the VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yen Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chun Tsai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Lun Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Hsieh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Wei Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15289, USA
| | - Ren-Hao Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
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Chen YL, Chen PY, Pan CH, Chen PH, Su SS, Tsai SY, Chen CC, Kuo CJ. Prevalence and 3-year incidence of physical illnesses after schizophrenia diagnosis: Comparison with general population. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:272-279. [PMID: 38198879 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
AIM People with schizophrenia are at a greater risk of poor physical health than the general population. This study investigated the annual incidence of physical illnesses after a new schizophrenia diagnosis, which has rarely been investigated in the literature. METHODS The authors collected data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database from January 1, 1996, to December 31, 2013, and enrolled 1910 patients with newly diagnosed schizophrenia cases aged 10-40 years and 7640 age- and sex-matched controls from the general population. They estimated the 1-year prevalence and annual incidence rate ratio (IRR) of specified physical diseases across 3 years in the schizophrenia group compared with the controls. RESULTS Several physical illnesses were prevalent within 1 year of schizophrenia diagnosis. Regarding incident physical illnesses, patients had a moderate to strong risk of numerous physical illnesses (IRR > 3.0: ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer; IRR 1.8-3.0: other forms of heart disease, vein and lymphatic diseases, pneumonia, chronic hepatic disease, and ulcer disease) within the first year after schizophrenia diagnosis. The IRRs of most physical illnesses declined over 3 years, except for that of cerebrovascular disease, which significantly increased (IRR > 3.0) over the 3 years after schizophrenia diagnosis. Cerebrovascular disease had a significant incidence risk (IRR > 3) persistently across the 3 years. CONCLUSION Various comorbid physical illnesses can occur in the early stages of schizophrenia. Clinicians should consider these vulnerabilities to physical illnesses during the evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed schizophrenia by attempting to prevent, screen for, and manage them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lung Chen
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Counseling Psychology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Pan
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Huan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Shiang Su
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ying Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Chicy Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jue Kuo
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Lin CH, Chen TA, Chiang PH, Hsieh AR, Wu BJ, Chen PY, Lin KC, Tsai ZS, Lin MH, Chen TJ, Chen YC. Incidence and Nature of Short-Term Adverse Events following COVID-19 Second Boosters: Insights from Taiwan's Universal Vaccination Strategy. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:149. [PMID: 38400133 PMCID: PMC10892656 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the incidence and characteristics of adverse events (AEs) following the second COVID-19 booster dose, leveraging Taiwan's distinctive approach of extending booster vaccinations to all citizens, unlike the targeted high-risk group strategies in other countries. Utilizing data from Taipei Veterans General Hospital's Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) from 27 October 2022 to 19 January 2023, this research examines AEs in 441 out of 1711 booster recipients, considering factors like age, vaccine brands, and booster combinations. The findings revealed incidence rates (IRs) of 25.6% (95% CI: 21.1-30.8) after the first booster and 24.9% (95% CI: 20.5-30.0) after the second, mostly non-serious, with those having AEs post-first booster being five times more likely to report them again (incidence rate ratio, 5.02, p < 0.001). Significantly, switching from the mRNA1273 vaccine to another brand reduced AE risk by 18%. This study underscores that AEs are more repetitive than cumulative with additional booster doses, advocating for personalized vaccination strategies based on individual medical histories and previous vaccine reactions. These insights are valuable for healthcare providers in discussing potential AEs with patients, thereby improving vaccine compliance and public trust, and for policymakers in planning future booster vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hao Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
| | - Tsung-An Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
| | - Pin-Hsuan Chiang
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (Z.-S.T.)
| | - Ai-Ru Hsieh
- Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan;
| | - Bih-Ju Wu
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Kuan-Chen Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
| | - Zih-Syun Tsai
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (Z.-S.T.)
| | - Ming-Hwai Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu 31064, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (T.-A.C.); (K.-C.L.); (M.-H.L.); (T.-J.C.)
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (P.-H.C.); (Z.-S.T.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Huang YT, Tien PT, Chen PY, Yang CL, Chen SN. Comparative efficacy of brolucizumab, half-dose photodynamic therapy, and aflibercept in managing chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024:10.1007/s00417-024-06373-5. [PMID: 38224344 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of brolucizumab, half-dose PDT, and aflibercept in treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS A retrospective cohort study with chronic CSC patients who underwent intravitreal injection of one shot of brolucizumab or aflibercept in the first 3 months, followed by pro re nata regimens or a single session of half-dose PDT, was retrospectively reviewed. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of eyes that achieved complete absorption of retinal fluid without requiring any rescue treatment. Secondary outcomes included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and central choroidal thickness (CCT). RESULTS A total of 54 consecutive patients were included in this study with 18 patients in each group. At months 1 and 2, the brolucizumab group exhibited the highest rate of complete retinal fluid resolution (61% and 77%), followed by the half-dose PDT group (56% and 72%), and lowest in the aflibercept group (28% and 33%), with statistically significant differences noted at month 2 (P = 0.012). The brolucizumab group also demonstrated the most significant reduction in CCT at months 1 and 2 among the three groups (P = 0.007 and 0.001). Recurrence of retinal fluid in the brolucizumab groups was predominantly observed at month 3. Conversely, the half-dose PDT group exhibited the most favorable anatomical results starting from month 3. Notably, mild vitritis was observed in one case from the brolucizumab group. CONCLUSIONS Single injection of brolucizumab demonstrates trends of faster regression of persistent residual retinal fluid, greater CCT and CRT decline, and matched BCVA compared to half-dose PDT in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Te Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Tai Tien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Lan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan
| | - San-Ni Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wei SY, Chen PY, Hsieh CC, Chen YS, Chen TH, Yu YS, Tsai MC, Xie RH, Chen GY, Yin GC, Melero-Martin JM, Chen YC. Engineering large and geometrically controlled vascularized nerve tissue in collagen hydrogels to restore large-sized volumetric muscle loss. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122402. [PMID: 37988898 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Developing scalable vascularized and innervated tissue is a critical challenge for the successful clinical application of tissue-engineered constructs. Collagen hydrogels are extensively utilized in cell-mediated vascular network formation because of their naturally excellent biological properties. However, the substantial increase in hydrogel contraction induced by populated cells limits their long-term use. Previous studies attempted to mitigate this issue by concentrating collagen pre-polymer solutions or synthesizing covalently crosslinked collagen hydrogels. However, these methods only partially reduce hydrogel contraction while hindering blood vessel formation within the hydrogels. To address this challenge, we introduced additional support in the form of a supportive spacer to counteract the contraction forces of populated cells and prevent hydrogel contraction. This approach was found to promote cell spreading, resist hydrogel contraction, control hydrogel/tissue geometry, and even facilitate the engineering of functional blood vessels and host nerve growth in just one week. Subsequently, implanting these engineered tissues into muscle defect sites resulted in timely anastomosis with the host vasculature, leading to enhanced myogenesis, increased muscle innervation, and the restoration of injured muscle functionality. Overall, this innovative strategy expands the applicability of collagen hydrogels in fabricating large vascularized nerve tissue constructs for repairing volumetric muscle loss (∼63 %) and restoring muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yen Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Hsieh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Shan Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chun Tsai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Hao Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Gung-Chian Yin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Juan M Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ying-Chieh Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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10
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Chen HX, Huang YW, Liu WJ, Liu B, Chen GB, Zhang DD, Chen PY, Lai W. [Visual analysis of the current research status and hotspots of electric burns at home and abroad]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2023; 39:977-984. [PMID: 37899564 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20230511-00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the literature on electric burns published at home and abroad, and to explore the research hotspots and frontiers of electric burns. Methods: The bibliometric method was used. The Chinese and English literature related to electric burns published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, VIP database and the core collection of Web of Science database from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022 were searched respectively, and the CiteSpace 6.2.R2 software was used for analysis. The number of papers, authors, countries, and institutions of Chinese and English literature were counted respectively, and the co-occurrence analysis of keywords and mutation analysis and cluster analysis on the basis of the co-occurrence analysis were conducted, besides, the clustering time line figure was obtained after the keywords were sorted by time to explore the current research status and the evolution process of hotspots in the field of electric burns. Results: A total of 398 English papers were retrieved from the core collection of Web of Science database, and a total of 523 Chinese papers were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, and VIP database after duplicate check. From 2013 to 2022, the number of English literature published in the field of electric burns showed a steadily upward trend, and the number of published Chinese literature showed a downward trend and tended to be stable. In Chinese literature, a total of 302 authors as the first author published papers related to electric burns, with 17 core authors published ≥3 papers; in English literature, a total of 320 authors as the first author published papers related to electric burns. Researches on electric burns were carried out in 65 countries, with United States having the most cooperation with other countries and the largest number of papers published. A total of 512 institutions at home and abroad published papers related to electric burns, and the institutions with the largest number of Chinese and English papers were Shanghai Electric Power Hospital in China (n=14) and Hallym University in Korea (n=11), respectively. A total of 1 176 Chinese keywords and 1 068 English keywords were included for co-occurrence analysis after excluding keywords related to the searching words. The top three keywords in frequency in Chinese literature were surgical flap, wound repair, and nursing, and the top three keywords in frequency in English literature were management, epidemiology, and children. Ten clusters were obtained by keyword analysis in Chinese literature, and the largest cluster was wound healing, followed by clinical effects and surgical flaps. Seven clusters were obtained by keyword analysis in English literature, and the largest cluster was reconstructive surgical procedures, followed by chronic pain and shock. The persistent clusters in Chinese literature were wound healing and clinical outcomes, etc., and the prominent nodes in the recent two years were surgical timing, limb electric burns, and hypertrophic scars; the persistent clusters in English literature were reconstructive surgical procedures and chronic pain, etc., and the prominent nodes in the recent two years were predictors and burn management, etc. In Chinese literature, the keyword with the longest duration of mutation (2017-2021) was wrist electric burns, and the keyword with the highest intensity of mutation was flap repair; in English literature, the keyword with the longest duration of the mutation (2019-2022) was voltage, and the keyword with the highest intensity of mutation was prevention. Conclusions: There are similarities and differences in the research directions and hotspots of electric burns at home and abroad. Surgical flap repair is a common research hotspot at home and abroad. At present, domestic research focuses on wound healing, wrist electric burns, and other aspects, while international research focuses on treatment management, epidemiology, reconstruction, and other aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Chen
- Department of Nursing, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y W Huang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - W J Liu
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - B Liu
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - G B Chen
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - D D Zhang
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - W Lai
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Tsai CH, Lee NY, Chao CM, Chen CC, Lai CC, Ho CH, Chen YC, Chen PY, Tang HJ, Chen HJ, Su BA, Lai HY, Chow JC, Chang TH. Emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli ST8346 coharboring bla NDM-5 and bla OXA-181 in Southern Taiwan, 2017-2021. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:1675-1681. [PMID: 37633229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterobacterales carrying blaNDM represent an emerging challenge in treating infectious diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of blaNDM-producing Enterobacterales from three hospitals in southern Taiwan. METHODS Enterobacterales strains that were nonsusceptible to more than one carbapenem (ertapenem, meropenem, imipenem, or doripenem) were collected from hospitalized patients. Molecular typing for New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed, followed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and plasmid analysis by PCR-based replicon typing. RESULTS A total of 1311 carbapenem-nonsusceptible Enterobacterales were isolated from 2017 to 2021. blaNDM-encoding genes were detected in 108 isolates, with 53 (49.1%) harboring blaNDM-1 and 55 (50.9%) harboring blaNDM-5. The rate of blaNDM-1 detection among isolates decreased to 2% in 2021. However, the rate of E. coli harboring blaNDM-5 increased from 1% to 12% of total isolates during the study period. Of 47 NDM-5-positive E. coli isolates, 44 (93.6%) were ST8346 with high genetic relatedness. E. coli ST8346 isolates showed high-level resistance to both carbapenems and aminoglycosides. Most (38 out of 47, 80.9%) blaNDM-5-harboring E. coli isolates co-harbored blaOXA-181. We analyzed the regions harboring blaNDM-5 in E. coli ST8346 via PCR amplification. blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181 were located on two separate plasmids, IncF and IncX3, respectively. CONCLUSION The dissemination of E. coli ST8346 caused an increase in blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181 co-harboring Enterobacterales in southern Taiwan, which show high-level resistance to both carbapenems and aminoglycosides. We identified a distinct IncF plasmid encoding blaNDM-5 that has the potential for rapid spread and needs further surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Yao Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Chao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Lai
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Information Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jui Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bo-An Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Julie Chi Chow
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tu-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
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12
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Chen S, Yan D, Qin A, Deraniyagala RL, Krauss DJ, Chen PY, Stevens CW, Snyder M. Tumor Voxel Dose-Response Matrix Prediction Using Deep Learning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S66-S67. [PMID: 37784549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Tumor voxel dose-response matrix (DRM) can be assessed using a series of FDG-PET/CT feedback images acquired during radiotherapy. Predicting the tumor voxel DRM earlier is crucial for effectively implementing adaptive treatment management. However, it is also challenging due to FDG uptake dynamic fluctuation in tumor cells. This study investigated the feasibility of predicting tumor voxel DRM during the early treatment weeks using the advanced deep learning (DL) technique. MATERIALS/METHODS Serial FDG-PET/CT images were acquired at the pretreatment (pre-Tx), the 2nd and 4th treatment weeks during standard chemo-radiotherapy (35 × 2 Gy) from each of the 50 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The reference value of tumor voxel DRM (DRMref), representing the average metabolic change ratio during the treatment, was determined using a linear regression performed on the standard uptake values (SUV)s obtained at the pre-Tx (SUV0), the 2nd (SUV2) and the 4th (SUV4) treatment weeks following deformable PET/CT image registration. A DL model, 3D residual-Unet with a total of 3.4 million parameters, was trained to predict the tumor voxel DRMref with using the SUV0 and SUV2 matrices as inputs. The performance of the DL model was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation and was compared to that of a linear regression (LR) model determined on the SUV0 and SUV2 matrices. RESULTS The mean (SD) of the tumor voxel DRMref was 0.46 (0.2) over all 34612 tumor voxels. The predicted tumor voxel DRM was 0.5 (0.38) and 0.46 (0.15) for the LR model and the DL model, respectively. For those resistant voxels (23.7% of all tumor voxels) with a DRMref > 0.6, the DRM deviation was 0.13 (0.4) and -0.11 (0.13) for the LR model and the DL model, respectively. For those sensitive voxels (76.3%) with a DRMref ≤ 0.6, the DRM deviation was 0.01 (0.23) and 0.03 (0.08) for the LR model and the DL model, respectively. CONCLUSION The proposed DL model can predict the tumor voxel DRM with a single FDG-PET feedback image acquired during the 2nd treatment week of radiotherapy for HNSCC patients. The prediction accuracy was improved compared to that of the LR model with a substantial reduction in the variances of the prediction errors. This work demonstrates the great potential of utilizing DL techniques to improve the efficiency of tumor response assessment and adaptive treatment management.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - D Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - A Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - R L Deraniyagala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - D J Krauss
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - C W Stevens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - M Snyder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
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13
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Huang TC, Chen YL, Wu MI, Lin PS, Chen PY, Lee CL. Sonoelectrochemical nitrided graphene nanosheets with vacancies and their applications for catalysis and sensing of uric acid oxidation. Ultrason Sonochem 2023; 99:106589. [PMID: 37683415 PMCID: PMC10495671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
A sonoelectrochemical method for preparing N-doped defective graphene nanosheets (N/O-dGNs) with point defects and 5-9 or 5-8-5 vacancies and oxygen-containing groups was successfully demonstrated. In this one-pot approach, the N-bonding configuration and N content of N/O-dGNs were finely tuned by the ultrasonic power (192, 320, and 640 W). The N content in atomic percentage (at%) for N/O-dGN (N/O-dGN320W) with point defects and 5-8-5 vacancy prepared at 320 W power was 5.6 at%, greater than 3.0 at% and 2.6 at% for N/O-dGN with point defects and 5-9 vacancies at 192 W and 640 W power (N/O-dGN192W and N/O-dGN640W), respectively. N-bonding sites on N/O-dGN320W were dominantly amine N (2.1 at%) and pyrrolic N (2.4 at%). Additionally, the electrocatalytic activity of N/O-dGN192W, N/O-dGN320W, and N/O-dGN640W was successfully demonstrated for the sequential uric acid (UA) oxidation reaction (UOR), in which N/O-dGN320W displayed a significant mass activity (2.51 A/g). As in the transient catalysis of UOR, N/O-dGN320W with amine N showed 400.8 μA mM-1 cm-2 in sensitivity within a wide linear analysis range (1.5 × 10-2-6 mM) for amperometrically sensing UA. The results of real sample experiments using serum samples further demonstrated the potential of N/O-dGN320W as a non-enzymatic UA sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chen Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Lung Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Mei-I Wu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ssu Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Liang Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Lin WH, Wang FF, Xie J, Ren L, Han YN, Sun LN, Chen PY, Gong ST, Fang Y, Geng LL. [Three cases of chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene in children]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:844-847. [PMID: 37650169 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230305-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W H Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - F F Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - J Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - L Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Y N Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - L N Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - S T Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Y Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - L L Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou 510000, China
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Chang TH, Wu CH, Chen PY, Ho SY, Chung MY, Sheng WH, Lu CY, Yen TY, Chen JM, Lee PI, Tang HJ, Ho CH, Chang LY, Chen YC, Huang LM. Viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections in a previously low COVID-19 prevalence region: Effects of vaccination status, antiviral agents, and age. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:872-879. [PMID: 37179128 PMCID: PMC10151453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Taiwan, the prevalence of COVID-19 was low before April 2022. The low SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the population of Taiwan provides an opportunity for comparison with fewer confounding factors than other populations globally. Cycle threshold (Ct) value is an easily accessible method for modeling SARS-CoV-2 dynamics. In this study, we used clinical samples collected from hospitalized patients to explore the Ct value dynamics of the Omicron variant infection. METHODS From Jan 2022 to May 2022, we retrospectively included hospitalized patients tested positive by nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR. We categorized the test-positive subjects into different groups according to age, vaccination status, and use of antiviral agents. To investigate the nonlinear relationship between symptom onset days and Ct value, a fractional polynomial model was applied to draw a regression line. RESULTS We collected 1718 SARS-CoV-2 viral samples from 812 individuals. The Ct values of unvaccinated individuals were lower than those of vaccinated persons from Day 4 to Day 10 after symptom onset. The Ct value increased more rapidly in those individuals with antiviral drug treatment from Day 2 to Day 7. In elderly individuals, the Ct values increased slowly from Day 5 to Day 10, and the increasing trend was unique compared with that in children and adults. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the primary viral infection dynamics of the Omicron variant in hospitalized patients. Vaccination significantly affected viral dynamics, and antiviral agents modified viral dynamics irrespective of vaccination status. In elderly individuals, viral clearance is slower than that in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsien Wu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yuan Ho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Huei Sheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Lu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Yen
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Min Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ing Lee
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Information Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Luan-Yin Chang
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yee-Chun Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Min Huang
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tsai CH, Chen YC, Chen PY, Lai CC, Tang HJ, Chuang YC, Chen CC, Ho CH, Hsu WY, Chang TH. Antimicrobial Susceptibility of E. coli Isolates from Intra-Abdominal Infections in the Asia-Pacific Region: Trends in Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, and Piperacillin/Tazobactam Susceptibility. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:5599-5611. [PMID: 37650005 PMCID: PMC10464894 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s422203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates in patients diagnosed with intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) in the Asia-Pacific region. Patients and Methods This study was conducted at 50 medical hospitals across 9 countries/regions as part of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) surveillance program from 2014 to 2018. Nonduplicate isolates of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli were collected and processed for further antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results A total of 10,709 isolates were collected, with E. coli (n=4737, 44.2%) being the leading pathogen causing IAIs, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=2429, 22.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=931, 8.7%). Community-associated (CA) E. coli isolates generally exhibited higher susceptibility rates for most antibiotics than hospital-associated (HA) isolates. In countries/regions other than Hong Kong, South Korea, and Singapore, HA isolates displayed lower susceptibility rates for multiple classes (≥4) of antibiotics. Among the commonly used antibiotics in IAIs, the overall susceptibility rate for ciprofloxacin was low, with an average of 41.3%. Ceftriaxone susceptibility rates in all selected countries were below 80% starting in 2018, ranging from 23.3% to 75.8%. The cefepime susceptibility rates varied across regions, with consistently reduced susceptibility ranging from 45.5% to 57.8% in India, Thailand, and Vietnam. Piperacillin/tazobactam demonstrated effectiveness against E. coli isolates in almost all countries except India, with a downward trend observed in the Philippines and Taiwan. Carbapenems remained effective against more than 90% of E. coli isolates, except in India. Conclusion Prudent use of fluoroquinolones and ceftriaxone is advised when treating both CA and HA IAIs in the Asia-Pacific region. The low susceptibility rate of cefepime in India, Thailand, and Vietnam needs careful consideration in its administration. Moreover, the increase in nonsusceptibility to piperacillin/tazobactam in the Philippines and Taiwan poses a potential risk that should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Lai
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ching Chuang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Information Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tu-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Cheng YL, Xiao SZ, Liu DQ, Geng LL, Gu JB, Tang R, Lan L, Zhu Y, Chen PY, He ZH, Gong ST, Cheng Y. [Mechanism of intestinal injury induced by WNT2B high-expressed fibroblasts in Crohn's disease]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:606-613. [PMID: 37385803 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20221202-01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the mechanism of intestinal tissue damage induced by macrophages activated by WNT2B high-expressed fibroblasts. Methods: This study involved biological information analysis, pathological tissue research and cell experimental research. The biological information of the colon tissue from the children with inflammatory bowel disease in previous study was analyzed again with single-cell sequencing. The pathological tissues were collected by colonoscopy from 10 children with Crohn's disease treated in the Department of Gastroenterology of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from July 2022 to September 2022. According to the findings of colonoscopy, tissues with obvious inflammation or ulceration were classified as the inflammatory group, while tissues with slight inflammation and no ulceration were classified as the non-inflammatory group. HE staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of the colon tissues. Macrophage infiltration and CXCL12 expression were detected by immunofluorescence. In terms of cell experiments, fibroblasts transfected with WNT2B plasmid or empty plasmid were co-cultured with salinomycin treated or non-treated macrophages, respectively; the expression of proteins through Wnt classical pathway were detected by western blotting. Macrophages treated with SKL2001 were used as the experimental group, and those with phosphate buffer as the control group. The expression and secretion of CXCL12 in macrophages were detected by quantitative Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). T-test or rank sum test were used for the comparison between groups. Results: Single-cell sequencing analysis suggested that macrophages were the main cells in inflammatory bowel disease colon tissue, and there was interaction between WNT2B high-expressed fibroblasts and macrophages. HE staining of the 10 patients ((9.3±3.8) years old, 7 males and 3 females) showed that the pathological score of colon tissue in the inflammatory group was higher than that in the non-inflammatory group (4 (3, 4) vs. 2 (1, 2) points, Z=3.05, P=0.002). Tissue immunofluorescence indicated that the number of infiltrating macrophages in the inflammatory group was significantly higher than that in the non-inflammatory group under high power field of view (72.8±10.4 vs.8.4±3.5, t=25.10, P<0.001), as well as the number of cells expressing CXCL12 (14.0±3.5 vs. 4.7±1.9, t=14.68, P<0.001). In cell experiments, western blotting suggested an elevated level of glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation in macrophages co-cultured with fibroblast transfected with WNT2B plasmid, and salinmycin could reverse this change. Real-time PCR suggested that the transcription level of CXCL12 in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (6.42±0.04 vs. 1.00±0.03, t=183.00, P<0.001), as well as the expression and secretion of CXCL12 by ELISA ((465±34) vs. (77±9) ng/L, t=13.21, P=0.006). Conclusion: WNT2B high-expressed fibroblasts can secrete WNT2B protein and activate the Wnt classical signaling pathway thus enhancing the expression and secretion of CXCL12 in macrophages, inducing the development of intestinal inflammation of Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - S Z Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - D Q Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - L L Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J B Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - R Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - L Lan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Z H He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - S T Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Wu PQ, Chen PY, Ren L, Xiong LY, Li HW, Gong ST, Wu Q, Chai CW, Geng LL. [Efficacy and safety of endoscopic diaphragm incision in children with congenital duodenal diaphragm]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:614-619. [PMID: 37385804 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230417-00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of endoscopic diaphragm incision in pediatric congenital duodenal diaphragm. Methods: Eight children with duodenal diaphragm treated by endoscopic diaphragm incision in the Department of Gastroenterology of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from October 2019 to May 2022 were enrolled in this study. Their clinical data including general conditions, clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging examinations, endoscopic procedures and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among the 8 children, 4 were males and 4 females. The diagnosis was confirmed at the age of 6-20 months; the age of onset was 0-12 months and the course of disease was 6-18 months. The main clinical manifestations were recurrent non-biliary vomiting, abdominal distension and malnutrition. One case complicated with refractory hyponatremia was first diagnosed with atypical congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the endocrinology department. After treatment with hydrocortisone, the blood sodium returned to normal, but vomiting was recurrent. One patient underwent laparoscopic rhomboid duodenal anastomosis in another hospital but had recurred vomiting after the operation, who was diagnosed with double duodenal diaphragm under endoscope. No other malformations were found in all the 8 cases. The duodenal diaphragm was located in the descending part of the duodenum, and the duodenal papilla was located below the diaphragm in all the 8 cases. Three cases had the diaphragm dilated by balloon to explore the diaphragm opening range before diaphragm incision; the other 5 had diaphragm incision performed after probing the diaphragm opening with guide wire. All the 8 cases were successfully treated by endoscopic incision of duodenal diaphragm, with the operation time of 12-30 minutes. There were no complications such as intestinal perforation, active bleeding or duodenal papilla injury. At one month of follow-up, their weight increased by 0.4-1.5 kg, with an increase of 5%-20%. Within the postoperative follow-up period of 2-20 months, all the 8 children had duodenal obstruction relieved, without vomiting or abdominal distension, and all resumed normal feeding. Gastroscopy reviewed at 2-3 months after the operation in 3 cases found no deformation of the duodenal bulbar cavity, and the mucosa of the incision was smooth, with a duodenal diameter of 6-7 mm. Conclusion: Endoscopic diaphragm incision is safe, effective and less invasive in pediatric congenital duodenal diaphragm, with favorable clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Q Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L Y Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - H W Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - S T Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Q Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - C W Chai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L L Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
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Xiong LY, Chen PY, Xie J, Ren L, Wang HL, Cheng Y, Wu PQ, Li HW, Gong ST, Geng LL. [A case of Allgrove syndrome with achalasia of cardia as its first clinical phenotype caused by a new mutation of AAAS gene]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:648-650. [PMID: 37385810 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20221030-00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - J Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - H L Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - P Q Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - H W Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - S T Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L L Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
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Chen PH, Tsai SY, Chen PY, Pan CH, Su SS, Chen CC, Kuo CJ. Mood stabilizers and risk of all-cause, natural, and suicide mortality in bipolar disorder: A nationwide cohort study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023; 147:234-247. [PMID: 36367926 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with bipolar disorder have an elevated risk of mortality. This study evaluated associations between the use of mood stabilizers and the risks of all-cause mortality, suicide, and natural mortality in a national cohort of people with bipolar disorder. METHODS In this nationwide cohort study, we used data from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2016, collected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and included 25,787 patients with bipolar disorder. Of these patients, 4000 died during the study period (including 760 and 2947 from suicide and natural causes, respectively). Each standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated as the ratio of observed mortality in the bipolar cohort to the number of expected deaths in the general population. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression with a time-dependent model was performed to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of each mood stabilizer with each mortality outcome. RESULTS The SMRs of all-cause mortality, suicide, and natural mortality in the bipolar disorder cohort were 5.26, 26.02, and 4.68, respectively. The use of mood stabilizers was significantly associated with decreased risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR [aHR] = 0.58, p< 0.001), suicide (aHR = 0.60, p < 0.001), and natural mortality (aHR = 0.55, p < 0.001) within a 5-year follow-up period after index admission. Among the individual mood stabilizers, lithium was associated with the lowest risks of all-cause mortality (aHR = 0.38, p < 0.001), suicide (aHR = 0.39, p < 0.001), and natural mortality (aHR = 0.37, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In addition to having protective effects against suicide and all-cause mortality, mood stabilizers also exert a substantial protective effect against natural mortality, with lithium associated with the lowest risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Huan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ying Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Pan
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Siang Su
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Chicy Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jue Kuo
- Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Chang TH, Hsueh PR, Huang YT, Chen PY, Tang HJ, Chen JM. Prolonged Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus gut colonization in healthcare workers and potential transmission role in neonatal sepsis. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2023:S1684-1182(23)00041-5. [PMID: 36870812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (SGSP) is a commensal in the intestinal tract and a potential pathogen of neonatal sepsis. During an 11-month period, four consecutive cases of SGSP sepsis were identified in one postnatal care unit (unit A) without evidence of vertical transmission. Therefore, we initiated this study to investigate the reservoir and mode of transmission of SGSP. METHOD We performed cultures of stool samples from healthcare workers in unit A and unit B (another unit without SGSP sepsis). If SGSP was positive in feces, we performed isolate pulsotyping and genotyping by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and analyzing random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns, respectively. RESULTS Five staff members in unit A showed positivity for SGSP. All samples from unit B were negative. We identified two major pulsogroups (groups C and D) by PFGE. In group D, the strains isolated from 3 consecutive sepsis patients (P1, P2 and P3) were closely related and clustered together as those from 2 staff members (C1/C2, C6). One staff (staff 4) had a direct contact history with patient (P1) confirmed to have the same clone. The last isolate of the patient in our study (P4) belonged to a distinct clone. CONCLUSION We found prolonged gut colonization of SGSP in healthcare workers and its epidemiological relatedness to neonatal sepsis. Fecal-oral or contact transmission is a possible route of SGSP infection. Fecal shedding among staff may be associated with neonatal sepsis in healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ren Hsueh
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsung Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Min Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Fang CY, Chen PY, Liao Y. Factors influencing seniors' willingness to pay intention for exercise in the civil sports and recreation centers. Front Public Health 2023; 10:992500. [PMID: 36777771 PMCID: PMC9911538 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.992500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing trend for an older population is a phenomenon that is well recognized around the world. The percentage of senior citizens participating in sports, recreation, and leisure activities is also increasing in order to sustain a healthier society. As long as seniors recognize the importance and benefits of keeping healthy, they would prefer to be active in various sports and fitness activities. The seniors could engage in making decisions about their own health by exercising regularly and by encouraging their similar-age peers. The civil sports and recreation centers (CSRCs) in Taiwan have adopted operating transfer (OT) and are located mainly in metropolitan areas, with programs consisting of indoor sports offering people daily exercise. The major aims of the CSRC are to keep the citizens in good health and not to be the city government's financial burden. The extant literature examines the determinants of general consumer behavior, neglecting studies on older adults. This study aims to explore the factors influencing seniors' willingness to pay (WTP) more for exercise in CSRCs outside of free hours. Methods This mixed-method study consists of quantitative and qualitative analyses. For the quantitative component, we invited five experts in the sports industry from the industry and academia to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire. A questionnaire consisting of motivation, exercise involvement, and constraint constructs in the quantitative method was administered to 193 older adults in CSRCs. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and structural equation model (SEM). Results Empirical results indicate that WTP in groups of people aged 75-79, 70-74, and 65-69 years is higher than in the group of people aged 85 years and above. Exercise involvement and motivation had more of a positive impact on seniors' WTP. Discussions Developing a regular exercise habits and having social interaction in exercise courses drive female seniors to pay more for body health. The results of this study provide managers of CSRCs with decision-making recommendations: (1) initiate entry-level sports courses, such as quick chair exercise, to cultivate among seniors the habit of exercise; (2) motivate seniors to participate in sports with other seniors in order to enhance their social activity and raise their WTP more for sports consumption outside of free scheduled periods; and (3) recruit seniors as exercise coaches or personal trainers to pass their experiences with other people of their age. In addition to expanding seniors' social connections, it encourages peers to exercise. Managerial implications and future research are also discussed. Conclusion This study contributes to exploring the determinants of seniors' WTP intention. Motivation and exercise involvement had a significantly positive impact on seniors' WTP intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yi Fang
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Chen WY, Huang MC, Chiu CC, Cheng YC, Kuo CJ, Chen PY, Kuo PH. The interactions between vitamin D and neurofilament light chain levels on cognitive domains in bipolar disorder. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e207. [PMID: 36437810 PMCID: PMC9707506 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2022.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental disorder related to cognitive deficits. Low serum vitamin D levels are significantly associated with compromised cognition in neuropsychiatric disorders. Although patients with bipolar disorder frequently exhibit hypovitaminosis D, the association between vitamin D and cognition in bipolar disorder, and their neuroaxonal integrity, is unclear. AIMS To investigate the interaction effects between vitamin D and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels on cognitive domains in bipolar disorder. METHOD Serum vitamin D and NfL levels were determined in 100 euthymic patients with bipolar disorder in a cross-sectional study. Cognitive function was measured with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders. We stratified by age groups and used general linear models to identify associations between vitamin D and NfL levels and their interaction effects on cognitive domains. RESULTS The mean vitamin D and NfL levels were 16.46 ng/nL and 11.10 pg/mL, respectively; 72% of patients were vitamin D deficient. In the older group, more frequent hospital admissions and lower physical activity were identified in the group with versus without vitamin D deficiency. The age-modified interaction effect of vitamin D and NfL was associated with composite neurocognitive scores and verbal fluency in both age groups, and with processing speed domain in the younger group. CONCLUSIONS We observed a high vitamin D deficiency prevalence in bipolar disorder. We identified the interaction of vitamin D and NfL on cognitive domains, and the effect was modified by age. Longitudinal or randomised controlled studies enrolling patients with various illness durations and mood statuses are required to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Songde branch, Taiwan; and Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Songde branch, Taiwan; and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chih Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Songde branch, Taiwan; and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Cheng
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; and Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jue Kuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Songde branch, Taiwan; and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Songde branch, Taiwan; and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan; and Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
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Xiong LY, Geng LL, Chen PY, Ren L, Li HW, Xie J, Wu PQ, Gong ST. [Analysis of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome in 7 children]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:920-924. [PMID: 36038302 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220221-00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) in children. Methods: The clinical data of 7 children who were diagnosed with SRUS in Department of Gastroenterology in Guangzhou Women and Children' Medical Center from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data including general demographics, clinical presentations, endoscopic and histologic features, treatment and outcome were extracted from hospital medical records. Results: The 7 patients were all males, and the age of onset was 6-12 years. The course before diagnosis was 2-36 months. The most common symptom was rectal bleeding (6 cases) and most common findings at initial colonoscopy were ulcer in 3 cases and protuberance in 4 cases, both located only in rectum. The intestinal histopathology of 5 cases showed characteristic fibromuscular obliteration of lamina propria. Five children were treated with mesalamine granules or suppositories, and 2 cases underwent local excision. The follow-up lasted for 5-24 months and found symptoms relieved in 5 cases, improved in 1 case, and no remission in 1 case. Colonoscopy after the treatment was performed in 5 children, among whom 2 cases achieved mucosal healing. Conclusions: SRUS in children is mainly presented with rectal bleeding, and has characteristic histological change of ulcer and protuberance in endoscopy. Pathology is crucial for diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Both the medical and surgical treatment are effective for SRUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L L Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - H W Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - J Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - P Q Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - S T Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
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Chen PY, Chiu CC, Hsieh TH, Liu YR, Chen CH, Huang CY, Lu ML, Huang MC. The relationship of antipsychotic treatment with reduced brown adipose tissue activity in patients with schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 142:105775. [PMID: 35594830 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic drug (APD) treatment has been associated with metabolic abnormalities. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the main site of adaptive thermogenesis and secretes various metabolism-improving factors known as batokines. We explored the association of BAT activity with APD treatment and metabolic abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia by measuring the blood levels of bone morphogenetic protein 8b (BMP8b), a batokine secreted by mature BAT. METHODS BMP8b levels were compared among 50 drug-free, 32 aripiprazole-treated, and 91 clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia. Regression analysis was used to explore factors, including APD types, that might be associated with BMP8b levels and the potential effect of BMP8b on metabolic syndrome (MS). RESULTS APD-treated patients had decreased BMP8b levels relative to drug-free patients. The difference still existed after adjustment for body mass index and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores. Among APD-treated group, clozapine was associated with even lower BMP8b levels than the less obesogenic APD, aripiprazole. Furthermore, higher BMP8b levels were associated with lower risks of MS after adjustment for BMI and APD treatment. CONCLUSION Using drug-free patients as the comparison group to understand the effect of APDs, this is the first study to show APD treatment is associated with reduced BAT activity that is measured by BMP8b levels, with clozapine associated a more significant reduction than aripiprazole treatment. BMP8b might have a beneficial effect against metabolic abnormalities and this effect is independent of APD treatment. Future studies exploring the causal relationship between APD treatment and BMP8b levels and the underlying mechanisms are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, National Cheng-chi University, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Liu
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cho-Yin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, 110 Taipei, Taiwan.
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Wu PQ, Chen PY, Xiong LY, Ren L, Li HW, Gong ST, Geng LL. [Chronic diarrhea caused by a novel mutation of STAT3 gene in a child]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:710-712. [PMID: 35768361 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20211201-01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Q Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - P Y Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L Y Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - H W Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - S T Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - L L Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, National Children's Medical Center for South Central Region, Guangzhou 510623, China
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Hsu HE, Chen PY, Chang HM, Pan CH, Su SS, Tsai SY, Chen CC, Kuo CJ. Incidence of and risk factors for alcohol dependence in bipolar disorder: A population-based cohort and nested case-control study. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2022; 57:725-735. [PMID: 35642594 DOI: 10.1177/00048674221100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although alcohol dependence is highly prevalent in patients with bipolar disorder, the causal relationship is not yet well-established. This study estimated the incidence of alcohol dependence in a nationwide bipolar disorder cohort and examined risk factors for alcohol dependence. METHODS Patients aged 15-65 years with consistent bipolar disorder who had their first psychiatric admission between 1999 and 2012 (n = 21,791) were enrolled from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. We calculated the adjusted incidence rate ratio of alcohol dependence in the bipolar cohort relative to the general population after stratification by age and sex. In the nested case-control study, we included patients with incident alcohol dependence as cases and four age- and sex-matched controls for each case to analyze health care utilization, comorbidities and concomitant medications between them. RESULTS We identified 1261 patients with bipolar disorder with incident alcohol dependence. Relative to the general population, the adjusted incidence rate ratio of alcohol dependence was 9.20 in the bipolar cohort. All adjusted incidence rate ratios were high across all age subgroups. Cases had higher psychiatric and nonpsychiatric health care utilization than did controls. Multivariate analysis revealed that cases tended to have cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic hepatic disease, pneumonia and delirium before alcohol dependence diagnosis. Cases had higher psychiatric comorbidities, namely drug-induced mental disorders, anxiety disorder, personality disorder, adjustment disorder and sleep disorder. CONCLUSION The bipolar cohort had a higher incidence of alcohol dependence. We identified specific groups with a high risk of alcohol dependence. Additional strategies for early detection, treatment and intervention for alcohol dependence should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haw-En Hsu
- Department of General Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of General Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei
| | - Hu-Ming Chang
- Department of General Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei
| | - Chun-Hung Pan
- Department of General Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei.,Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei
| | - Sheng-Shiang Su
- Department of General Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei
| | - Shang-Ying Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Chiao-Chicy Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Department of Psychiatry, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei.,Department of Psychiatry, Mackay Medical College, Taipei
| | - Chian-Jue Kuo
- Department of General Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.,Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
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Yu CL, Chen HY, Lo NC, Lee CL, Chen PY. Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Copper Nanoparticles Electrochemically Co-deposited with Cadmium towards the Electroreduction of Nitrate. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yang S, Chen PY, Ni CC, Chen JC, Li ZH, Kuo Y, Yang CC, Hsu TC, Lee CL. Enhancement of the Modulation Response of Quantum-Dot-Based Down-Converted Light through Surface Plasmon Coupling. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061957. [PMID: 35335322 PMCID: PMC8951563 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we first elaborate on the effects of surface plasmon (SP) coupling on the modulation responses of the emission of a light-emitting diode (LED) and its down-converted lights through colloidal quantum dots (QDs). The results of our past efforts for this subject are briefly discussed. The discussions lay the foundation for the presentation of the new experimental data of such down-converted lights in this paper. In particular, the enhancement of the modulation bandwidth (MB) of a QD-based converted light through SP coupling is demonstrated. By linking green-emitting QDs (GQDs) and/or red-emitting QDs (RQDs) with synthesized Ag nano-plates via surface modifications and placing them on a blue-emitting LED, the MBs of the converted green and red emissions are significantly increased through the induced SP coupling of the Ag nano-plates. When both GQD and RQD exist and are closely spaced in a sample, the energy transfer processes of emission-reabsorption and Förster resonance energy transfer from GQD into RQD occur, leading to the increase (decrease) in the MB of green (red) light. With SP coupling, the MB of a mixed light is significantly enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Yang
- Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.Y.); (P.-Y.C.); (C.-C.N.); (J.-C.C.); (Z.-H.L.)
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.Y.); (P.-Y.C.); (C.-C.N.); (J.-C.C.); (Z.-H.L.)
| | - Chia-Chun Ni
- Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.Y.); (P.-Y.C.); (C.-C.N.); (J.-C.C.); (Z.-H.L.)
| | - Jun-Chen Chen
- Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.Y.); (P.-Y.C.); (C.-C.N.); (J.-C.C.); (Z.-H.L.)
| | - Zong-Han Li
- Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.Y.); (P.-Y.C.); (C.-C.N.); (J.-C.C.); (Z.-H.L.)
| | - Yang Kuo
- Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering, Tungnan University, 152 Beishen Road, Section 3, New Taipei City 22202, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Chung Yang
- Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.Y.); (P.-Y.C.); (C.-C.N.); (J.-C.C.); (Z.-H.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ta-Cheng Hsu
- Unikorn Semiconductor Corp., No. 5, Li-hsin 5th Rd., Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Ling Lee
- Epistar Corp., No. 5, Li-hsin 5th Rd., Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan;
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Ghimire A, Chen PY. Seed protection strategies of the brainy Elaeocarpus ganitrus endocarp: Gradient motif yields fracture tolerance. Acta Biomater 2022; 138:430-442. [PMID: 34728425 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Be it animals or plants, most of the organism's offspring come into existence after their embryos develop inside a protective shell. In plants, these hard protective shells are called endocarps. They serve the function of nourishing and protecting the seeds from external mechanical damage. Through evolution, endocarps of plants have developed various structural strategies to protect the enclosed seeds from external threats, and these strategies can vary according to the habitat or lifestyle of a particular plant. One such intriguing hard plant shell is the endocarp of the Elaeocarpus ganitrus fruit. It mostly grows in South Asia's mountainous forests, and its endocarps are known in the local communities as unbreakable and everlasting prayer beads. We report an in-depth investigation on microstructure, tomography, and mechanical properties to cast light on its performance and the underlying structure-property relation. The 3D structural quantifications by micro-CT demonstrate that the endocarp has gradient microarchitecture. In addition, the endocarp also exhibits gradient hardness and stiffness. The toughening mechanisms arising from the layered cellular structure enable the endocarps to withstand higher loads up to 5000 N before they fracture. Our findings provide experimental evidence of outstanding fracture tolerance and seed protection strategies developed by Elaeocarpus ganitrus endocarp that encourage the design of synthetic fracture tolerant structures. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Endocarps are low-density plant shells that exhibit remarkable fracture resistance and energy absorption when they encounter impact by falling from high trees and prolonged compression and abrasion by the predators. Such outstanding mechanical performance originates through structural design strategies developed to protect their seeds. Here we demonstrate previously undiscovered structural features and mechanical properties of Elaeocarpus ganitrus endocarp. We scrutinize the microstructure using high-resolution x-ray tomography scans and the 3D structural quantifications reveal a gradient microstructure which is in agreement with the gradient hardness and stiffness. The multiscale hierarchical structures combined with the gradient motif yield impressive fracture tolerance in Elaeocarpus ganitrus endocarp. These findings advance the knowledge of the structure-property relation in hard plant shells, and the procured structural design strategies can be utilized to design fracture-resistant structures.
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Kosuru SR, Chang YL, Chen PY, Lee W, Lai YC, Ding S, Chen HY, Chen HY, Chang YC. Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone by Using Aluminum Complexes Bearing Aryl Thioether Phenolates: Labile Thioether Chelation. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:3997-4008. [PMID: 35020371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, aluminum complexes bearing ferrocene-based and arylthiomethylphenolate ligands were synthesized, and their catalytic activity for ε-caprolactone (CL) polymerization was investigated. The catalytic activity of the reduced form of Al complexes was higher than that of the oxidized form. The CL polymerization rate of the reduced form fcO2AlMe (75 min, conversion = 100%) was higher than that of the oxidized form fcoxO2AlMe (4320 min, conversion = 45%), and the CL polymerization rate of fc(OAlMe2)2 (40 min, conversion = 100%) was higher than that of fcox(OAlMe2)2 (60 min, conversion = 97%). Electron deficiency substituents on phenolate decreased the catalytic activity of Al complexes bearing arylthiomethylphenolate ligands. Density functional theory calculations revealed that thioether coordination stabilized the transition state (TS1) and that the oxidized form fcox(OAlMe2)2 exhibited weaker thioether coordination and higher activation energy in TS1 compared with those of the reduced form fcO2AlMe. In addition, our study determined that the thioether group is a suitable chelating group for Al catalysts in CL polymerization due to its labile nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Someswara Rao Kosuru
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80708, ROC
| | - Yu-Lun Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80708, ROC
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80708, ROC
| | - Wei Lee
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80708, ROC
| | - Yi-Chun Lai
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80708, ROC
| | - Shangwu Ding
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80708, ROC.,Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424, ROC
| | - Hsuan-Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80708, ROC.,Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424, ROC.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsing-Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80708, ROC
| | - Yung-Chi Chang
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lee WC, Chen PY, Kao CF, Huang MC. Differences in serum orexin-A levels between the acute and subacute withdrawal phases in individuals who use methamphetamine. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2021; 29:573-579. [PMID: 32757597 DOI: 10.1037/pha0000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Orexin has been suggested to play a role in regulating the reward circuits and enhancing drug-seeking behaviors; however, its role in methamphetamine (METH) addiction remains unclear. We previously found that blood orexin-A levels are upregulated in individuals with recent METH exposure. Whether the levels would be altered following withdrawal is unknown. In this study, we compared the levels of serum orexin-A in individuals who use METH between the acute withdrawal (AW) phase and the subacute withdrawal (SAW) phase at baseline (T1) and examined the alterations in these levels after 2 weeks of abstinence (T2). In total, 60 participants (51 men and 9 women) were enrolled in the study; 20 participants with METH-positive urine test results were included in the AW group, and 40 participants with METH-negative urine test results who had self-reportedly last taken METH within the preceding 1-2 months were included in the SAW group. Serum orexin-A levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No significant differences in orexin-A levels were observed between the AW and SAW groups at baseline (p = .06). After 2 additional weeks of abstinence, the levels decreased significantly in the SAW group (0.58 ± 0.13 ng/mL) but not in the AW group (0.50 ± 0.14 ng/mL, p = .004). Our results demonstrated that orexin-A levels might decrease after a longer period of METH withdrawal, indicating that the orexin system is dysregulated in the addictive process of METH. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chen Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital
| | - Chung-Feng Kao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital
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Chen CH, Chen PY, Chen CYA, Chiu CC, Lu ML, Huang MC, Lin YK, Chen YH. Associations of Genetic Variants of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase and Serum Folate Levels with Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Schizophrenia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182111333. [PMID: 34769853 PMCID: PMC8583146 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The one-carbon metabolism pathway is a suitable candidate for studying the genetic and epigenetic factors contributing to metabolic abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia. We recruited 232 patients with schizophrenia and analyzed their serum folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels and metabolic parameters to investigate the associations of genetic variants of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and folate levels with metabolic parameters. MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C were genotyped. Results showed that MTHFR 677T allele carriers had lower levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than those with the 677CC genotype. Metabolic parameters did not differ between MTHFR 1298C and 1298AA carriers. Patients with a low folate level had a lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level than those with a normal folate level, but the effect disappeared after adjustment for age, sex, and types of antipsychotics used. We found significant interactions between MTHFR A1298C and the folate level status (low vs. normal) in terms of body mass index and waist circumference. In conclusion, genetic variants in one-carbon metabolism might play a role in antipsychotic-induced metabolic abnormalities. Prospective studies on drug-naïve, first-episode patients with schizophrenia are warranted to identify key regions of DNA methylation changes accounting for antipsychotic-induced metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (M.-L.L.); (M.-C.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (Y.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2930-7930 (ext. 53961) (C.-H.C.); Fax: +886-2-2933-5221 (C.-H.C.)
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Cynthia Yi-An Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (M.-L.L.); (M.-C.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (M.-L.L.); (M.-C.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (M.-L.L.); (M.-C.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Kuang Lin
- Biostatistics Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (Y.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2930-7930 (ext. 53961) (C.-H.C.); Fax: +886-2-2933-5221 (C.-H.C.)
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Chang HM, Chen PY, Fang CP, Liu TH, Wu CT, Hsu YC, Kuo HW, Liu YL, Huang MC. Increased Nectin-4 levels in chronic ketamine abusers and the relationship with lower urinary tract symptoms. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 87:103714. [PMID: 34302971 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Persistent ketamine use causes susceptibility to addiction and bladder toxicity. We examined the association of lower urinary tract symptoms and levels of Nectin-4, a member of the cell adhesion molecules that is essential for maintaining the urothelium barrier in chronic ketamine abusers. We measured the plasma levels of Nectin-4 in 88 patients with ketamine dependence and 69 controls. Patients with ketamine dependence were assessed for ketamine use variables, psychological symptoms, and lower urinary tract symptoms. We found Nectin-4 levels were increased in ketamine-dependent patients compared to the controls (p < 0.0001). Patients with urinary tract symptoms exhibited lower Nectin-4 levels than those without (p = 0.021). Our results suggest an up-regulation of Nectin-4 following chronic and heavy ketamine use. Patients with ketamine dependence with a compromised upregulation of Nectin-4 are likely to have more severe urinary tract symptoms. The mechanisms underlying the involvement of Nectin-4 in ketamine addiction and bladder toxicity warrant future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Ming Chang
- Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chiu-Ping Fang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
| | - Tung-Hsia Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Te Wu
- Department of Urology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung City, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chao Hsu
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang-Wei Kuo
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen WY, Huang MC, Lee YC, Chang CE, Lin SK, Chiu CC, Liu HC, Kuo CJ, Weng SH, Chen PY, Kuo PH. The Heterogeneity of Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in Euthymic Bipolar I Disorder With Clinical Characteristics and Functional Outcomes. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:684813. [PMID: 34366918 PMCID: PMC8335543 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.684813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterized the heterogeneity and risk factors of cognitive decline in euthymic bipolar disorder (BD), and their magnitude of associations with subjective daily functions. In this retrospective cohort, BD type I patients (N = 128) were followed for an average of 6.5 years. Intelligence quotient (IQ) at index date was recorded, and premorbid IQ was estimated. We used Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A) to assess cognition at follow-up. We evaluated current functions with World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Clinical and sociodemographic factors were examined for their independent effects on longitudinal cognitive decline. In addition, we employed multivariate adaptive regression spline to detect inflection points for the nature of slope changes in cognitive decline among BD patients. During follow-up years, 21 BD patients (16.4%) showed longitudinal cognitive decline. In cognitive decline group, all cognitive domains of BAC-A were significantly worsened. We found that density of episodes with psychotic features was an independent risk factor for cognitive decline after adjusted for age, gender and dose of mood stabilizer. After the age of 42 years, a steeper cognitive change was observed in the cognitive decline group. The correlation pattern between cognitive domains and functional outcomes differed between patients with and without cognitive decline. The present study characterized cognitive heterogeneity longitudinally in BD patients. As density of episodes play roles for cognitive decline, our results emphasize the importance of relapse prevention. Our findings provide hints for future personalized interventions and facilitating genetic and biological studies for dissecting the heterogeneity of bipolar illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chin Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Erh Chang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ku Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Cheng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jue Kuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Weng
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen PY, Dai YX, Hsu YC, Chen TJ. Analysis of the Content and Comprehensiveness of Dermatology Residency Training Websites in Taiwan. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:773. [PMID: 34205559 PMCID: PMC8235558 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
With a growing trend in the popularity of web-based resources, it is important to evaluate residency program websites for providing accurate information for dermatology residency applicants. Little is known about the quality of dermatology residency websites in Taiwan. The aim of the study is to assesses the quality of official websites of dermatology training programs in Taiwan. A literature search for all related studies from inception to 31 July 2020 was performed using PubMed without restriction on language. We used criteria that had 6 domains and 25 items to evaluate 23 official websites of the dermatology training programs in Taiwan from August to September 2020. Of the 23 training programs, only 6 (26%) of the websites met more than half of the criteria. Notably, the items "features of the department" and "comprehensive faculty listing" were included in all websites. The criteria for interview process, board pass rates, social activities and information on the surrounding area were not met by all websites. Evidently, there is much room for improvement for the dermatology training program websites in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Ying-Xiu Dai
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Kinmen Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kinmen 891, Taiwan;
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
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Hsu HP, Chen YT, Chen YY, Lin CY, Chen PY, Liao SY, Lim CCY, Yamaguchi Y, Hsu CL, Dzhagalov IL. Heparan sulfate is essential for thymus growth. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100419. [PMID: 33600795 PMCID: PMC7974028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymus organogenesis and T cell development are coordinated by various soluble and cell-bound molecules. Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans can interact with and immobilize many soluble mediators, creating fields or gradients of secreted ligands. While the role of HS in the development of many organs has been studied extensively, little is known about its function in the thymus. Here, we examined the distribution of HS in the thymus and the effect of its absence on thymus organogenesis and T cell development. We found that HS was expressed most abundantly on the thymic fibroblasts and at lower levels on endothelial, epithelial, and hematopoietic cells. To study the function of HS in the thymus, we eliminated most of HS in this organ by genetically disrupting the glycosyltransferase Ext1 that is essential for its synthesis. The absence of HS greatly reduced the size of the thymus in fetal thymic organ cultures and in vivo, in mice, and decreased the production of T cells. However, no specific blocks in T cell development were observed. Wild-type thymic fibroblasts were able to physically bind the homeostatic chemokines CCL19, CCL21, and CXCL12 ex vivo. However, this binding was abolished upon HS degradation, disrupting the CCL19/CCL21 chemokine gradients and causing impaired migration of dendritic cells in thymic slices. Thus, our results show that HS plays an essential role in the development and growth of the thymus and in regulating interstitial cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Po Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Tzu Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shio-Yi Liao
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu Yamaguchi
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Chia-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ivan L Dzhagalov
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen YT, Chen PY, Ju SP. Preparation of Ni nanotube-modified electrodes via galvanic displacement on sacrificial Zn templates: Solvent effects and attempts for non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of urea. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wu J, Gao HY, Luo L, Wen ST, Chen PY, Yu J. DNA Barcode Technology and Its Application Prospects in Forensic Medicine. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:559-564. [PMID: 33047543 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Traditional species identification has gone through five stages -- morphology, cytology, biochemistry, immunology and molecular biology. At present, the use of DNA technology for species identification has become a research hotspot. In the use of DNA for species identification, the presentation and application of DNA barcode is of epoch-making significance. With the successful application of new technology in species identification, forensic species identification has also made corresponding development, and is expected to play an important role in forensic related fields. This paper briefly describes the general situation and principles of DNA barcode technology as well as its advantages and limitations when applied to biological classification, and discusses the future significance and feasibility of DNA barcode technology in forensic applications, in order to provide new ideas for future forensic identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - H Y Gao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - L Luo
- School of Forensic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - S T Wen
- Meitan Public Security Bureau, Meitan 564100, Guizhou Province, China
| | - P Y Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China.,Center of Forensic Expertise, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - J Yu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China.,Center of Forensic Expertise, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
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41
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Chang HK, Huang CW, Chiu CC, Wang HJ, Chen PY. Fabrication of Anisotropic Poly(vinyl alcohol) Scaffolds with Controllable Mechanical Properties and Structural Recoverability under Compression via a Freeze-Casting Technique. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haw-Kai Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Juei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Road, Section 2, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Tung CC, Wang HJ, Chen PY. Lightweight, compression-resistant cellular structures inspired from the infructescence of Liquidambar formosana. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103961. [PMID: 32957252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to adapt to the environment, plants have evolved many structural designs to improve material utilization. The head infructescence can be described as the Fibonacci sequence, in consistent with plant developmental biology. The lignified framework inside the head infructescence possesses idiographic structural designs that optimize maximum energy efficiency, growing space, seed spreading probability, and enhance the mechanical behavior of the infructescences. In this study, the hierarchical structure and mechanical properties of the infructescence of Liquidambar formosana, commonly called Formosan gum, were investigated. Liquidambar formosana has maple-like leaves and burr-like infructescences. The buckyball-like framework inside infructescence consists of chambers (cells), which support the whole structure under compression. Inspired by the framework, we proposed three models: Thomson model based on the lowest potential energy state, Poisson disc model indicated random distribution, and spherical Fibonacci model represented plant development. Three-dimensional physical entities of these models were fabricated by additive manufacturing. We discovered that under compression testing, these models appear different mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms based on their structures. Spherical Fibonacci model provides superior mechanical properties compared to Thomson and Poisson disc models due to its unique structural design. It is the first time that spherical Fibonacci model brought into the bio-inspired mechanics models through structural analysis and finite element method. The unique construction of Liquidambar formosana has great potential in the designs of novel lightweight, anti-buckling composites, and bio-inspired architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Che Tung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Rd, Sec. 2, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Jui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Rd, Sec. 2, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C; National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Kuang-Fu Rd, Sec. 2, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Huang CY, Chen PY, Hsieh CL, Chen KL. Construct Validity and Rasch Reliability of the Conduct Problem Scale (COPS) for School-Age Children: Rasch Analysis. Am J Occup Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.74s1-po2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Date Presented 03/26/20
Identifying children’s conduct problems is helpful for clinicians planning further intervention. We have developed the comprehensive COPS and established its expert validity. This study aimed to establish its construct validity and Rasch reliability. After analysis, the remaining 23 items were unidimensional and had high Rasch reliability. Thus, clinicians can administer the COPS to accurately and precisely assess children’s conduct problems.
Primary Author and Speaker: Chien-Yu Huang
Contributing Authors: Po-Yu Chen, Ching-Lin Hsieh, Kuan-Lin Chen
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Liaw BS, Chang TT, Chang HK, Liu WK, Chen PY. Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. J Hazard Mater 2020; 382:121082. [PMID: 31472467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. Mercury porosimetry results showed that the scaffolds possessed hierarchical porous structure. Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Shuang Liaw
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Ting Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC; Water Technology Division, Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, 321, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Haw-Kai Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Kuang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC.
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Wu TH, Chiu CC, Goh KK, Chen PY, Huang MC, Chen CH, Lu ML. Relationship between metabolic syndrome and acylated/desacylated ghrelin ratio in patients with schizophrenia under olanzapine medication. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:86-92. [PMID: 31692408 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119885260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that mediates glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Acylated ghrelin (AG) and desacylated ghrelin (DAG) are the two main forms of ghrelin, which have opposing roles in energy homeostasis. The AG/DAG ratio has been proposed to be associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the general population. This study compared the relationships between MetS and ghrelin parameters in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and under olanzapine monotherapy were recruited. Fasting blood samples were collected for the analyses of metabolic and ghrelin parameters. The serum levels of total ghrelin and AG were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. DAG level was calculated by subtracting the AG level from the total ghrelin level. RESULTS We recruited 151 subjects with schizophrenia, and classified them into those with MetS (n = 41) and those without MetS (n = 110). Subjects with MetS had a significantly higher AG/DAG ratio, as well as lower total ghrelin and DAG levels. There were no sex differences in ghrelin parameters. The AG/DAG ratio was significantly and positively correlated with weight, body mass index, waist circumference, insulin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and number of MetS components. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the number of MetS components remained significantly associated with the AG/DAG ratio. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that lower AG/DAG ratios were associated with better metabolic profiles in olanzapine-treated patients with schizophrenia. These observations suggest that the balance between AG and DAG plays a crucial role in the metabolic homeostasis among patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kah Kheng Goh
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen YT, Li CH, Chen PY. Galvanic displacement on electrodeposited tangled Zn nanowire sacrificial template for preparing porous and hollow Ni electrodes in ionic liquid. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wang YT, Liu CW, Chen PY, Wu RN, Ni CC, Cai CJ, Kiang YW, Yang CC. Color conversion efficiency enhancement of colloidal quantum dot through its linkage with synthesized metal nanoparticle on a blue light-emitting diode. Opt Lett 2019; 44:5691-5694. [PMID: 31774755 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.005691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Four surface-modified and, hence, positively charged metal nanoparticles (NPs) of different localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonance wavelengths are synthesized for linking with negatively charged, red-emitting colloidal CdZnSeS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) on the top surface of a blue-emitting InGaN/GaN quantum well (QW) light-emitting diode (LED) through electro-static force. The metal NP-QD linkage leads to a short distance between them for producing their strong surface plasmon (SP) coupling, such that QD absorption and emission can be enhanced. Meanwhile, the small p-GaN thickness in the LED results in strong SP coupling between the LSP resonance of metal NP and the QWs of the LED, leading to enhanced QW emission and, hence, stronger QD excitation. All those factors together result in the increase of the color conversion efficiency of the QD.
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Zhang P, Chen PY, Wang B, Yu R, Pan H, Wang B. Evaluating the hierarchical, hygroscopic deformation of the Daucus carota umbel through structural characterization and mechanical analysis. Acta Biomater 2019; 99:457-468. [PMID: 31525536 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Many physically immobile plants develop passive yet ingenious strategies for active seed dispersal through self-deformation in response to external stimuli, such as humidity. These hygroscopic deformations are usually driven by the internal heterogeneous architecture, which provides valuable, inspiring information for the development of novel actuating systems. The Daucus carota compound umbel is an interesting structure showing a distinct hygroscopic deformation that operates at hierarchical levels among these plants. Here, we investigate the structure of the primary and secondary rays of the umbel associated with their deformation through mechanical analyses. We reveal that through controlling both the cellulose microfibril angle (MFA) and lignification, the multi-level bending behavior of the umbel is achieved, which contributes to efficient seed protection and dispersal. The primary rays generally show more significant bending curvature changes than the secondary rays, and within each level, the outer rays exhibit a larger motion amplitude than the middle and inner rays. Mechanical testing and theoretical analysis support that adjusting the lignin content within the ray structure compensates for the effect of the small differences in cellulose MFA on its bending behavior, which contributes to the overall hygroscopic deformation. Findings also show that the primary outer ray can generate reaction forces that are more than 700 times its weight, which is higher than that for the pine cone scales. The new insights from this work are instructive for bioinspired designs of complex, self-deforming structures and devices. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The carrot (Daucus carota) compound umbels exhibit a unique hierarchical, hygroscopic deformation for seed dispersal among immobile plants. In this work, we elucidate that the multi-level bending behavior of the umbel is achieved through manipulating the cellulose microfibril angle (MFA) and lignification of the primary and secondary rays for the first time. We also discover that adjusting the degree of lignification compensates for the effect of small cellulose MFA differences on the bending behavior theoretically and experimentally. The primary outer rays deform in a highly efficient manner, in which reactions forces about more than 700 times its weight are generated. The findings presented are instructive for bioinspired designs of complex, self-deforming structures and devices.
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Wu TH, Chiu CC, Chen PY, Huang MC, Chen CH, Shen WW, Lu ML. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: Relationships with olanzapine pharmacological parameters, psychopathology, and quality of life. Psychiatry Res 2019; 276:1-5. [PMID: 30981095 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) occur in a substantial portion of schizophrenia patients and have significant impacts on clinical course. This study was intended to investigate the relationships of OCS with pharmacological parameters of olanzapine, psychopathology, and quality of life. Totally 151 schizophrenia patients were recruited, and rated using Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive scale (YBOCS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and World Health Organization Questionnaire on Quality of Life: Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF). The concentrations of olanzapine and N-desmethylolanzapine were determined by HPLC. Twenty-five patients (16.6%) revealed the presence of OCS. OCS group had significantly higher olanzapine dose, more numbers of past hospitalizations, higher PANSS total, positive, negative, and general psychopathology scores, and higher MADRS score than those in non-OCS group. The WHOQOL-BREF physical subscale score in schizophrenia patients with OCS was significantly lower. Olanzapine dose, PANSS score, and MADRS score were significantly correlated with YBOCS score. Our findings highlight that OCS is highly prevalent in schizophrenia patients under olanzapine treatment, especially those at high doses. Schizophrenia patients with OCS had higher severity of psychotic and depressive symptoms and poorer quality of life. Clinicians should monitor OCS in patients with schizophrenia receiving olanzapine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 111, Sec. 3, Hsin-Long Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Winston W Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 111, Sec. 3, Hsin-Long Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 111, Sec. 3, Hsin-Long Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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50
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Chu SY, Chou CH, Huang HD, Yen MH, Hong HC, Chao PH, Wang YH, Chen PY, Nian SX, Chen YR, Liou LY, Liu YC, Chen HM, Lin FM, Chang YT, Chen CC, Lee OK. Mechanical stretch induces hair regeneration through the alternative activation of macrophages. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1524. [PMID: 30944305 PMCID: PMC6447615 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues and cells in organism are continuously exposed to complex mechanical cues from the environment. Mechanical stimulations affect cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, as well as determining tissue homeostasis and repair. By using a specially designed skin-stretching device, we discover that hair stem cells proliferate in response to stretch and hair regeneration occurs only when applying proper strain for an appropriate duration. A counterbalance between WNT and BMP-2 and the subsequent two-step mechanism are identified through molecular and genetic analyses. Macrophages are first recruited by chemokines produced by stretch and polarized to M2 phenotype. Growth factors such as HGF and IGF-1, released by M2 macrophages, then activate stem cells and facilitate hair regeneration. A hierarchical control system is revealed, from mechanical and chemical signals to cell behaviors and tissue responses, elucidating avenues of regenerative medicine and disease control by demonstrating the potential to manipulate cellular processes through simple mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ying Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Meng-Hua Yen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, 411, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chin Hong
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.,Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Xin Nian
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ru Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ying Liou
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Mei Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Mao Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ting Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| | - Oscar K Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China. .,Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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