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Balciunaitiene A, Januskevice V, Saunoriute S, Raubyte U, Viskelis J, Memvanga PB, Viskelis P. Antimicrobial Antioxidant Polymer Films with Green Silver Nanoparticles from Symphyti radix. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:317. [PMID: 38337206 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial natural polymer film with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized using aqueous plant root extracts as reducing capping agents and for film formatting show extensive applicability for pathogenic microorganism problems. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) techniques. The antimicrobial activity of biofilm with green AgNPs was analysed by inhibiting the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria culture using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were slightly higher in aqueous extracts of Sym. Radix than in Sym. Radix/AgNPs. The antimicrobial effect of polymer film/AgNPs against selected test bacteria cultures was substantially more robust than with pure film. Pictures of AgNPs obtained by TEM revealed the presence of spherical-shaped nano-objects with an average size 27.45 nm. SEM-EDS studies confirmed the uniform distribution of metal nanoparticles throughout the biopolymeric matrix. Morphological studies of the surface showed that the obtained surface of the films was even, without holes or other relief irregularities. These apparent Symphyti radix polymer film/AgNPs' biological functions could provide a platform for fighting pathogenic bacteria in the era of multi-drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Balciunaitiene
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Baptai, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Januskevice
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Baptai, Lithuania
| | - Sandra Saunoriute
- Research Institute of Natural and Technological Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 40444 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Urte Raubyte
- Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Baptai, Lithuania
| | - Patrick B Memvanga
- Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation Technologique en Environnement et en Sciences de la Santé (CRITESS), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Baptai, Lithuania
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Puzeryte V, Martusevice P, Sousa S, Balciunaitiene A, Viskelis J, Gomes AM, Viskelis P, Cesoniene L, Urbonaviciene D. Optimization of Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Sea Buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Leaves: Evaluation of Mixed-Culture Fermentation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2180. [PMID: 37764024 PMCID: PMC10536544 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves possess a remarkable amount of polyphenols that could serve as a natural remedy in various applications. In comparison, numerous techniques, such as conventional and high-pressure techniques, are available for extracting the bioactive fractions from sea buckthorn leaves (SBL). However, enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) of SBL has not been comprehensively studied. The aim of this study was to optimize critical EAE parameters of SBL using the cellulolytic enzyme complex, Viscozyme L, to obtain a high-yield extract with a high concentration of bioactive compounds. In order to determine the optimal conditions for EAE, the study employed a central composite design and response surface methodology to analyze the effects of four independent factors (pH, temperature, extraction time, and enzyme concentration) on two different responses. Our findings indicated that under optimal conditions (3:15 h extraction, temperature 45 °C, pH 4.9, and 1% Viscozyme L v/w of leaves DW), EAE yielded 28.90 g/100 g DW of the water-soluble fraction. Furthermore, the EAE-optimized liquid extract was continuously fermented using an ancient fermentation starter, Tibetan kefir grains, which possess lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and have significant potential for use in biopreservation. Interestingly, the results indicated various potential prebiotic characteristics of LAB. Additionally, alterations in the cell wall morphology of the SBL residue after EAE were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study significantly optimized EAE parameters for sea buckthorn leaves, providing a promising natural source of bioactive compounds for various applications, such as nutraceuticals, functional foods, and high-value products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Puzeryte
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.P.); (P.M.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
- Botanical Garden, Vytautas Magnus University, Z.E. Zilibero 6, 46324 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Paulina Martusevice
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.P.); (P.M.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
- Botanical Garden, Vytautas Magnus University, Z.E. Zilibero 6, 46324 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Sérgio Sousa
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Aiste Balciunaitiene
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.P.); (P.M.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
- Research Institute of Natural and Technological Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 40444 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.P.); (P.M.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Ana Maria Gomes
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.P.); (P.M.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Laima Cesoniene
- Botanical Garden, Vytautas Magnus University, Z.E. Zilibero 6, 46324 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Research Institute of Natural and Technological Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 40444 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.P.); (P.M.); (A.B.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
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3
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Starkute V, Lukseviciute J, Klupsaite D, Mockus E, Klementaviciute J, Rocha JM, Özogul F, Ruzauskas M, Viskelis P, Bartkiene E. Characteristics of Unripened Cow Milk Curd Cheese Enriched with Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus), Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus) and Elderberry ( Sambucus nigra) Industry By-Products. Foods 2023; 12:2860. [PMID: 37569128 PMCID: PMC10417324 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to apply raspberry (Ras), blueberry (Blu) and elderberry (Eld) industry by-products (BIB) for unripened cow milk curd cheese (U-CC) enrichment. Firstly, antimicrobial properties of the BIBs were tested, and the effects of the immobilization in agar technology on BIB properties were evaluated. Further, non-immobilized (NI) and agar-immobilized (AI) BIBs were applied for U-CC enrichment, and their influence on U-CC parameters were analyzed. It was established that the tested BIBs possess desirable antimicrobial (raspberry BIB inhibited 7 out of 10 tested pathogens) and antioxidant activities (the highest total phenolic compounds (TPC) content was displayed by NI elderberry BIB 143.6 mg GAE/100 g). The addition of BIBs to U-CC increased TPC content and DPPH- (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)-radical scavenging activity of the U-CC (the highest TPC content was found in C-RaNI 184.5 mg/100 g, and strong positive correlation between TPC and DPPH- of the U-CC was found, r = 0.658). The predominant fatty acid group in U-CC was saturated fatty acids (SFA); however, the lowest content of SFA was unfolded in C-EldAI samples (in comparison with C, on average, by 1.6 times lower). The highest biogenic amine content was attained in C-EldAI (104.1 mg/kg). In total, 43 volatile compounds (VC) were identified in U-CC, and, in all cases, a broader spectrum of VCs was observed in U-CC enriched with BIBs. After 10 days of storage, the highest enterobacteria number was in C-BluNI (1.88 log10 CFU/g). All U-CC showed similar overall acceptability (on average, 8.34 points); however, the highest intensity of the emotion "happy" was expressed by testing C-EldNI. Finally, the BIBs are prospective ingredients for U-CC enrichment in a sustainable manner and improved nutritional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vytaute Starkute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.S.); (J.L.)
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Justina Lukseviciute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Dovile Klupsaite
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Ernestas Mockus
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Jolita Klementaviciute
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fatih Özogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana 01330, Turkey;
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Faculty of Veterinary, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.S.); (J.L.)
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
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Ispiryan A, Bobinaite R, Urbonaviciene D, Sermuksnyte-Alesiuniene K, Viskelis P, Miceikiene A, Viskelis J. Physico-Chemical Properties, Fatty Acids Profile, and Economic Properties of Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.) Seed Oil, Extracted in Various Ways. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2706. [PMID: 37514319 PMCID: PMC10386361 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In Europe, the green course is becoming increasingly relevant, and there are more and more suggestions for its improvement. The valorization of food waste attracts increasing attention and is one important current research area. The aim of this study was to examine oils from 16 raspberry variety seeds and to compare their yields and fatty acid contents. The next task was to extract oil from the raspberry variety 'Polka' by four different methods and to compare the yield, colors, fatty acids content and composition, and kinematic and dynamic viscosity. The last task was to analyze the economic profitability of oil extraction by different methods. This study demonstrates the potential of different varieties of raspberry by-products and shows the influence of different oil extraction methods on the fatty acid composition of the oil and the economic potential of such products. The analysis revealed that the predominating fatty acid in the raspberry variety 'Polka' seed oil was linoleic acid (44.0-44.8%), followed by α-linolenic acid (37.9-38.1%) and oleic acid (10.2-10.6%). Of the 16 raspberry cultivars tested, 'Polka' seed oil had the least linoleic (ω-6) (44.79%) and the most α-linolenic (ω-3) fatty acids and the best ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acids-1.2:1. Raspberry variety 'Polka' seed oil contains a lot of carotenoids; their total amount depending on the extraction method varies from 0.81 mg/100 g (extracted with subcritical CO2) to 3.25 mg/100 g (extracted with supercritical CO2). The oil yield can be increased by grinding the seeds into a finer fraction. The most expensive method of oil production is supercritical CO2 extraction, and the cheapest method with the fastest payback of equipment is the cold-pressing method. The results of the research have revealed the influence of different oil recovery methods on the yield of oil, the composition of the fatty acid, colors, and viscosity. The results are very important for producers wishing to commercialize raspberry seed oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrone Ispiryan
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Ramune Bobinaite
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Sermuksnyte-Alesiuniene
- Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences, Institute of Economics and Rural Development, A. Vivulskio Str. 4A-13, 03220 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Astrida Miceikiene
- Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, Studentų Str. 11, 53361 Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
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Urbonaviciene D, Bobinaite R, Viskelis P, Viskelis J, Petruskevicius A, Puzeryte V, Cesoniene L, Daubaras R, Klavins L, Bobinas C. Nutritional and Physicochemical Properties of Wild Lingonberry ( Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.)-Effects of Geographic Origin. Molecules 2023; 28:4589. [PMID: 37375144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, much attention has been devoted to Vaccinium L. berries because of their substantial potential to be adapted for the development of innovative food and pharmaceutical applications. The accumulation of plant secondary metabolites is extremely dependent on climate and other environmental conditions. In order to increase the reliability of the findings, this study was conducted with samples collected in four regions in Northern Europe (Norway, Finland, Latvia, and Lithuania) and analyzed in a single laboratory using a standardized methodology. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the nutritional (biologically active compounds (phenolic (477-775 mg/100 g fw), anthocyanins (20-57 mg/100 g fw), pro-anthocyanidins (condensed tannins (141-269 mg/100 g fw)) and antioxidant activity in different systems (ABTS•+, FRAP). Physicochemical properties (acidity, soluble solids, color) of wild Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. were also evaluated. The results may contribute to the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals with potential health benefits in the future. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive report on the evaluation of the biologically active compounds of wild lingonberries from different Northern European countries based on one laboratory's validated methods. The results indicated a geomorphological influence on the biochemical and physicochemical composition of wild Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. depending on their place of geographical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Ramune Bobinaite
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Aistis Petruskevicius
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Puzeryte
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
- Botanical Garden, Vytautas Magnus University, 46324 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laima Cesoniene
- Botanical Garden, Vytautas Magnus University, 46324 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Linards Klavins
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, 1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ceslovas Bobinas
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
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Zavistanaviciute P, Klementaviciute J, Klupsaite D, Zokaityte E, Ruzauskas M, Buckiuniene V, Viskelis P, Bartkiene E. Effects of Marinades Prepared from Food Industry By-Products on Quality and Biosafety Parameters of Lamb Meat. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071391. [PMID: 37048209 PMCID: PMC10093910 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop marinade formulas based on by-products from the dairy, berry, and fruit industries and apply them to lamb meat (LM) treatments to improve the safety and quality characteristics of the meat. To fulfil this aim, six marinade (M) formulations were created based on acid whey (AW) fermented with Lacticaseibacillus casei (Lc) and Liquorilactobacillus uvarum (Lu), either alone or combined with freeze-dried apple (AP) or blackcurrant (BC) pomace. The most appropriate fermentation times for the marinades were selected according to the lower pH values and higher viable LAB counts in the samples. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of the selected marinades against pathogenic and opportunistic bacterial strains was tested. The characteristics of the LM were analysed after 24 and 48 h of treatment, including physicochemical, technological, and microbiological parameters, as well as overall acceptability. It was established that, after 48 h of fermentation, all of the tested marinades, except M-AWLuBC, had lactic acid bacterial counts > 8.0 log10 CFU·mL−1 and pH values < 3.74. The broadest spectra of pathogen inhibition were observed in the M-AWLuAP and M-AWLuBC marinades. The latter formulations improved the water holding capacity (WHC) and overall acceptability of the LM, while, in the LM-AWLcAP samples, histamine, cadaverine, putrescine, tryptamine, and phenylethylamine were not formed. Lastly, LM treatment with the M-AWLcAP and M-AWLuAP formulas for 48 h achieved the highest overall acceptability (9.04 and 9.43), tenderness (1.53 and 1.47 kg·cm−2) and WHC (2.95% and 3.5%) compared to the control samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-655-06461
| | - Jolita Klementaviciute
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dovile Klupsaite
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Egle Zokaityte
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilija Buckiuniene
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
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7
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Liubertas T, Poderys JL, Zigmantaite V, Viskelis P, Kucinskas A, Grigaleviciute R, Jurevicius J, Urbonaviciene D. The Effect of Potassium Nitrate Supplementation on the Force and Properties of Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) Muscles in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061489. [PMID: 36986219 PMCID: PMC10057731 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adding potassium nitrate (KNO3) to the diet improves the physiological properties of mammalian muscles (rebuilds weakened muscle, improves structure and functionality). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of KNO3 supplementation in a mouse model. BALB/c mice were fed a KNO3 diet for three weeks, followed by a normal diet without nitrates. After the feeding period, the Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle was evaluated ex vivo for contraction force and fatigue. To evaluate the possible pathological changes, the histology of EDL tissues was performed in control and KNO3-fed groups after 21 days. The histological analysis showed an absence of negative effects in EDL muscles. We also analyzed 15 biochemical blood parameters. After 21 days of KNO3 supplementation, the EDL mass was, on average, 13% larger in the experimental group compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The muscle-specific force increased by 38% in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). The results indicate that KNO3 has effects in an experimental mouse model, showing nitrate-diet-induced muscle strength. This study contributes to a better understanding of the molecular changes in muscles following nutritional intervention and may help develop strategies and products designated to treat muscle-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Liubertas
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-6126-6664
| | - Jonas Liudas Poderys
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Zigmantaite
- Biological Research Centre, Lithuanian University of Health Science, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Kucinskas
- Biological Research Centre, Lithuanian University of Health Science, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ramune Grigaleviciute
- Biological Research Centre, Lithuanian University of Health Science, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Jurevicius
- Institute of Cardiology, Membrane Biophysics Laboratory, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
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Stabrauskiene J, Marksa M, Ivanauskas L, Viskelis P, Viskelis J, Bernatoniene J. Citrus × paradisi L. Fruit Waste: The Impact of Eco-Friendly Extraction Techniques on the Phytochemical and Antioxidant Potential. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051276. [PMID: 36904275 PMCID: PMC10005199 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits have been the subject of extensive research over the years due to their impressive antioxidant properties, the health benefits of flavanones, and their potential use in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Grapefruit have been shown in studies to improve overall health, with numerous potential benefits, including improved heart health, reduced risk of certain cancers, improved digestive health, and improved immune system function. The development of cyclodextrin complexes is an exciting approach to increasing the content of flavanones such as naringin and naringenin in the extraction medium while improving the profile of beneficial phenolic compounds and the antioxidant profile. This research aims to optimize the extraction conditions of the flavanones naringin and naringenin with additional compounds to increase their yield from different parts of grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi L.) fruits, such as albedo and segmental membranes. In addition, the total content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts produced conventionally and with -cyclodextrin was examined and compared. In addition, antioxidant activity was measured using the radical scavenging activity assay (ABTS), radical scavenging activity assay (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. The yield of naringin increased from 10.53 ± 0.52 mg/g to 45.56 ± 5.06 mg/g to 51.11 ± 7.63 mg/g of the segmental membrane when cyclodextrins (α, β-CD) were used; naringenin increased from 65.85 ± 10.96 μg/g to 91.19 ± 15.19 μg/g of the segmental membrane when cyclodextrins (α, β-CD) were used. Furthermore, the results showed that cyclodextrin-assisted extraction had a significant impact in significantly increasing the yield of flavanones from grapefruit. In addition, the process was more efficient and less expensive, resulting in higher yields of flavanones with a lower concentration of ethanol and effort. This shows that cyclodextrin-assisted extraction is an excellent method for extracting valuable compounds from grapefruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolita Stabrauskiene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Marksa
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Liudas Ivanauskas
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-6006-3349
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9
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Balciunaitiene A, Puzeryte V, Radenkovs V, Krasnova I, Memvanga PB, Viskelis P, Streimikyte P, Viskelis J. Sustainable-Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Hyssopus officinalis and Calendula officinalis Extracts and Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227700. [PMID: 36431804 PMCID: PMC9696917 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized using aqueous medical plant extracts as reducing and capping agents show multiple applicability for bacterial problems. The aim of this study was to expand the boundaries on AgNPs using a novel, low-toxicity, and cost-effective alternative and green approach to the biosynthesis of metallic NPs using Calendula officinalis (Calendula) and Hyssopus officinalis (Hyssopus) aqueous extracts. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The effectiveness of biosynthesized AgNPs in quenching free radicals and inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms was supported by in vitro antioxidant activity assay methods and using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test, respectively. The elucidated antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of medical plant extracts were compared with data from the engineered biosynthetic AgNPs. The antimicrobial effect of engineered AgNPs against selected test cultures was found to be substantially stronger than for plant extracts used for their synthesis. The analysis of AgNPs by TEM revealed the presence of spherical-shaped nano-objects. The size distribution of AgNPs was found to be plant-type-dependent. The smaller AgNPs were obtained with Hyssopus extract (with a size range of 16.8 ± 5.8 nm compared to 35.7 ± 4.8 nm from Calendula AgNPs). The AgNPs' presumably inherited biological functions of Hyssopus and Calendula medical plants can provide a platform to combat pathogenic bacteria in the era of multi-drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Balciunaitiene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (P.V.); Tel.: +370-682-13568 (P.V.)
| | - Viktorija Puzeryte
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vitalijs Radenkovs
- Processing and Biochemistry Department, Institute of Horticulture, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Division of Smart Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Inta Krasnova
- Processing and Biochemistry Department, Institute of Horticulture, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
| | - Patrick B. Memvanga
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, B.P. 212, Kinshasa 012, Congo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medecine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, B.P. 212, Kisangani 012, Congo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Public Health, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu B.P. 570, Congo
- Centre de Recherche et d’Innovation Technologique en Environnement et en Sciences de la Santé (CRITESS), University of Kinshasa, B.P. 212, Kinshasa 012, Congo
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (P.V.); Tel.: +370-682-13568 (P.V.)
| | - Paulina Streimikyte
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Kaunas, Lithuania
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10
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Tolpeznikaite E, Starkute V, Zokaityte E, Ruzauskas M, Pilkaityte R, Viskelis P, Urbonaviciene D, Ruibys R, Rocha JM, Bartkiene E. Effect of solid-state fermentation and ultrasonication processes on antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of algae extracts. Front Nutr 2022; 9:990274. [PMID: 36091232 PMCID: PMC9453264 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.990274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Algal biomass (AB) is prospective source of valuable compounds, however, Baltic Sea macroalgae have some challenges, because of their high microbial and chemical contamination. These problems can be solved, by using appropriate technologies for AG pre-treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of two pre-treatments, solid-state fermentation with the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LUHS135 and ultrasonication, on the antioxidant and antimicrobial characteristics of macro- (Cladophora rupestris, Cladophora glomerata, Furcellaria lumbricalis, Ulva intestinalis) and Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) extracts. Also, combinations of extracts and LUHS135 were developed and their characteristics were evaluated. The total phenolic compound content was determined from the calibration curve and expressed in mg of gallic acid equivalents; antioxidant activity was measured by a Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay using the DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS•+ 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), FRAP (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma) discoloration methods. Antimicrobial activity was measured by using agar well diffusion assay and in a liquid medium. The highest DPPH• and ABTS•+ was shown by C.rupestris and F.lumbricalis extract × LUHS135 combinations, the highest FRAP - by non-pretreated C.rupestris and F.lumbricalis extract × LUHS135 combinations. Ultrasonicated samples inhibited four out of seven tested pathogens. Finally, the tested pre-treatments showed good perspectives and can be recommended for AB valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Tolpeznikaite
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytaute Starkute
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Egle Zokaityte
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Romas Ruibys
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Agriculture Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - João M. Rocha
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- *Correspondence: Elena Bartkiene
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Zavistanaviciute P, Zokaityte E, Starkute V, Ruzauskas M, Viskelis P, Bartkiene E. Berry By-Products in Combination with Antimicrobial Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains for the Sustainable Formulation of Chewing Candies. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091177. [PMID: 35563900 PMCID: PMC9102268 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to develop formulations of chewing candies (CCs) in a sustainable manner by using berry by-products in combination with antimicrobial lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains. To implement this aim, the optimal quantities of by-products from lyophilised raspberry (Rasp) and blackcurrant (Bcur) from the juice production industry were selected. Prior to use, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LUHS135, Liquorilactobacillusuvarum LUHS245, Lacticaseibacillusparacasei LUHS244, and Pediococcus acidilactici LUHS29 strains were multiplied in a dairy industry by-product-milk permeate (MP). The antimicrobial activity of the selected ingredients (berry by-products and LAB) was evaluated. Two texture-forming agents were tested for the CC formulations: gelatin (Gl) and agar (Ag). In addition, sugar was replaced with xylitol. The most appropriate formulation of the developed CCs according to the product's texture, colour, total phenolic compound (TPC) content, antioxidant activity, viable LAB count during storage, overall acceptability (OA), and emotions (EMs) induced in consumers was selected. It was established that the tested LAB inhibited three pathogens out of the 11 tested, while the blackcurrant by-products inhibited all 11 tested pathogens. The highest OA was shown for the CC prepared with gelatin in addition to 5 g of Rasp and 5 g of Bcur by-products. The Rasp and LUHS135 formulation showed the highest TPC content (147.16 mg 100 g-1 d.m.), antioxidant activity (88.2%), and LAB count after 24 days of storage (6.79 log10 CFU g-1). Finally, it was concluded that Gl, Rasp and Bcur by-products, and L. plantarum LUHS135 multiplied in MP are promising ingredients for preparing CCs in a sustainable manner; the best CC formula consisted of Gl, Rasp by-products, and LUHS135 and showed the highest OA (score 9.52) and induced the highest intensity of the EM 'happy' (0.231).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (V.S.); (E.B.)
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-655-06461
| | - Egle Zokaityte
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (V.S.); (E.B.)
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytaute Starkute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (V.S.); (E.B.)
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (V.S.); (E.B.)
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
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12
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Urbonaviciene D, Bobinaite R, Viskelis P, Bobinas C, Petruskevicius A, Klavins L, Viskelis J. Geographic Variability of Biologically Active Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Physico-Chemical Properties in Wild Bilberries ( Vaccinium myrtillus L.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030588. [PMID: 35326238 PMCID: PMC8945452 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the variation in biologically active compounds, antioxidant activity and physico-chemical properties in naturally grown bilberries gathered from different sites in Northern Europe. The variability in the biologically active compounds, antioxidant capacity and physico-chemical properties, as well as the development of tools for the authenticity and quality control of wild bilberries (V. myrtillus L.) in different geographical locations was evaluated. The berries of bilberries were handpicked during the summers of 2019 and 2020 during the time periods when they are typically harvested for commercial purposes in Northern Europe (Norway (NOR), Finland (FIN), Latvia (LVA) and Lithuania (LTU)). Berries from locations in NOR were distinguished by their higher mean TPC (791 mg/100 g FW, average), whereas the mean TPC of samples from the most southern country, LTU, was the lowest (587 mg/100 g FW). The TPC of bilberries ranged from 452 to 902 mg/100 g FW. The TAC values of investigated bilberry samples varied from 233 to 476 mg/100 g FW. A high positive correlation was found between TPC and antioxidant activity of the bilberry samples (R = 0.88 and 0.91 (FRAP and ABTS assays, respectively)), whereas the correlation between TAC and antioxidant activity was lower (R = 0.65 and 0.60). There were variations in the TPC and TAC values of investigated berries, suggesting that genotype also affects the TPC and TAC in berries. In 2020, the pH values and TSS contents of berries were significantly lower than in 2019. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive reported evaluation of the biologically active compounds in wild bilberries from different Northern European countries using one laboratory-validated method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-683-08157
| | - Ramune Bobinaite
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Ceslovas Bobinas
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Aistis Petruskevicius
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Linards Klavins
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, 1004 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (R.B.); (P.V.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (J.V.)
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13
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Streimikyte P, Viskelis P, Viskelis J. Enzymes-Assisted Extraction of Plants for Sustainable and Functional Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042359. [PMID: 35216475 PMCID: PMC8876524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The scientific community and industrial companies have discovered significant enzyme applications to plant material. This rise imparts to changing consumers’ demands while searching for ‘clean label’ food products, boosting the immune system, uprising resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases, and climate change challenges. First, enzymes were used for enhancing production yield with mild and not hazardous applications. However, enzyme specificity, activity, plant origin and characteristics, ratio, and extraction conditions differ depending on the goal. As a result, researchers have gained interest in enzymes’ ability to cleave specific bonds of macroelements and release bioactive compounds by enhancing value and creating novel derivatives in plant extracts. The extract is enriched with reducing sugars, phenolic content, and peptides by disrupting lignocellulose and releasing compounds from the cell wall and cytosolic. Nonetheless, depolymerizing carbohydrates and using specific enzymes form and release various saccharides lengths. The latest studies show that oligosaccharides released and formed by enzymes have a high potential to be slowly digestible starches (SDS) and possibly be labeled as prebiotics. Additionally, they excel in new technological, organoleptic, and physicochemical properties. Released novel derivatives and phenolic compounds have a significant role in human and animal health and gut-microbiota interactions, affecting many metabolic pathways. The latest studies have contributed to enzyme-modified extracts and products used for functional, fermented products development and sustainable processes: in particular, nanocellulose, nanocrystals, nanoparticles green synthesis with drug delivery, wound healing, and antimicrobial properties. Even so, enzymes’ incorporation into processes has limitations and is regulated by national and international levels.
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Butkeviciute A, Viskelis J, Liaudanskas M, Viskelis P, Janulis V. Impact of Storage Controlled Atmosphere on the Apple Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids, and Anthocyanins and Antioxidant Activity In Vitro. Plants 2022; 11:plants11020201. [PMID: 35050089 PMCID: PMC8781301 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apples are seasonal fruits, and it is important to prepare them adequately for storage and ensure proper storage conditions. In this study, we used ten different apple cultivars: ‘Alva’, ‘Auksis’, ‘Connell Red’, ‘Cortland’, ‘Ligol’, ‘Lodel’, ‘Noris’, ‘Rubin’, ‘Sampion’, and ‘Spartan’. We studied the qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds in the apple and apple extracts antioxidants activity before placing them in the controlled atmosphere chambers and again at the end of the experiment, eight months later. Different concentrations of O2, CO2, and N2, constant temperature, relative humidity, and removal of endogenous ethylene were continually maintained. HPLC analysis showed that the highest amount of 2265.7 ± 152.5 µg/g of chlorogenic acid was found in apple samples of the ‘Auksis’ cultivar stored under variant IV conditions. Different concentrations of gas in the controlled atmosphere chambers caused changes in antioxidant activity in whole apple and apple peel extracts. In our study, we found that the antioxidant activity of apple extracts varied between samples of different apple cultivars and depended on the composition of the controlled atmosphere. Determining the optimal storage conditions is beneficial to providing the consumers with apples that have a known and minimally altered chemical composition of phenolic compounds and the strongest antioxidant activity, which determine the use of apples in the healthy food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurita Butkeviciute
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +37-037-621-56190
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
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15
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Tolpeznikaite E, Bartkevics V, Ruzauskas M, Pilkaityte R, Viskelis P, Urbonaviciene D, Zavistanaviciute P, Zokaityte E, Ruibys R, Bartkiene E. Characterization of Macro- and Microalgae Extracts Bioactive Compounds and Micro- and Macroelements Transition from Algae to Extract. Foods 2021; 10:2226. [PMID: 34574335 PMCID: PMC8471643 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of macroalgae (Cladophora rupestris, Furcellaria lumbricalis, Ulva intestinalis) and microalgae (Arthrospira platensis (Sp1, Sp2), Chlorella vulgaris) extracts, including micro- and macroelement transition to extract, antioxidant, antimicrobial properties, the concentrations of chlorophyll (-a, -b), and the total carotenoid concentration (TCC). In macroalgae, the highest TCC and chlorophyll content were found in C. rupestris. In microalgae, the TCC was 10.1-times higher in C. vulgaris than in Sp1, Sp2; however, the chlorophyll contents in C. vulgaris samples were lower. A moderate negative correlation was found between the chlorophyll-a and TCC contents (r = -0.4644). In macroalgae extract samples, C. rupestris and F. lumbricalis showed the highest total phenolic compound content (TPCC). DPPH antioxidant activity and TPCC in microalgae was related to the TCC (r = 0.6191, r = 0.6439, respectively). Sp2 extracts inhibited Staphylococcus haemolyticus; C. rupestris, F. lumbricalis, U. intestinalis, and Sp2 extracts inhibited Bacillus subtilis; and U. intestinalis extracts inhibited Streptococcus mutans strains. This study showed that extraction is a suitable technology for toxic metal decontamination in algae; however, some of the desirable microelements are reduced during the extraction, and only the final products, could be applied in food, feed, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Tolpeznikaite
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.T.); (P.Z.); (E.Z.)
| | - Vadims Bartkevics
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment “BIOR”, Lejupes iela 3, Zemgales priekšpilsēta, LV-1076 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Faculty of Veterinary, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Renata Pilkaityte
- Marine Research Institute, Klaipėda University, Universiteto ave. 17, LT-92294 Klaipėda, Lithuania;
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (P.V.); (D.U.)
| | - Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (P.V.); (D.U.)
| | - Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.T.); (P.Z.); (E.Z.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Egle Zokaityte
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.T.); (P.Z.); (E.Z.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Romas Ruibys
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaicio Str. 58, LT-44244 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.T.); (P.Z.); (E.Z.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Raudone L, Puzerytė V, Vilkickyte G, Niekyte A, Lanauskas J, Viskelis J, Viskelis P. Sea Buckthorn Leaf Powders: The Impact of Cultivar and Drying Mode on Antioxidant, Phytochemical, and Chromatic Profile of Valuable Resource. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164765. [PMID: 34443353 PMCID: PMC8398517 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. (HR)) leaf powders are the underutilized, promising resource of valuable compounds. Genotype and processing methods are key factors in the preparation of homogenous, stable, and quantified ingredients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenolic, triterpenic, antioxidant profiles, carotenoid and chlorophyll content, and chromatic characteristics of convection-dried and freeze-dried HR leaf powders obtained from ten different female cultivars, namely ‘Avgustinka’, ‘Botaniceskaja Liubitelskaja’, ‘Botaniceskaja’, ‘Hibrid Percika’, ‘Julia’, ‘Nivelena’, ‘Otradnaja’, ‘Podarok Sadu’, ‘Trofimovskaja’, and ‘Vorobjovskaja’. The chromatic characteristics were determined using the CIELAB scale. The phytochemical profiles were determined using HPLC-PDA (high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector) analysis; spectrophotometric assays and antioxidant activities were investigated using ABTS (2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power) assays. The sea buckthorn leaf powders had a yellowish-green appearance. The drying mode had a significant impact on the total antioxidant activity, chlorophyll content, and chromatic characteristics of the samples; the freeze-dried samples were superior in antioxidant activity, chlorophyll, carotenoid content, and chromatic profile, compared to convection-dried leaf powder samples. The determined triterpenic and phenolic profiles strongly depend on the cultivar, and the drying technique had no impact on qualitative and quantitative composition. Catechin, epigallocatechin, procyanidin B3, ursolic acid, α-amyrin, and β-sitosterol could be used as quantitative markers in the phenolic and triterpenic profiles. The cultivars ‘Avgustinka’, ‘Nivelena’, and ‘Botaniceskaja’ were superior to other tested cultivars, with the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Raudone
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (G.V.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Viktorija Puzerytė
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Kaunas District, Lithuania; (V.P.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Gabriele Vilkickyte
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (G.V.); (A.N.)
| | - Aurelija Niekyte
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (G.V.); (A.N.)
| | - Juozas Lanauskas
- Department of Horticulture Technologies, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Kaunas District, Lithuania;
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Kaunas District, Lithuania; (V.P.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Kaunas District, Lithuania; (V.P.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
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Zvikas V, Urbanaviciute I, Bernotiene R, Kulakauskiene D, Morkunaite U, Balion Z, Majiene D, Liaudanskas M, Viskelis P, Jekabsone A, Jakstas V. Investigation of Phenolic Composition and Anticancer Properties of Ethanolic Extracts of Japanese Quince Leaves. Foods 2020; 10:foods10010018. [PMID: 33374689 PMCID: PMC7822480 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is an aggressive and invasive disease with no efficient therapy available, and there is a great need for finding alternative treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate anticancer activity of the extracts of the Japanese quince (JQ) cultivars ‘Darius’, ‘Rondo’, and ‘Rasa’ leaf extracts on glioblastoma C6 and HROG36 cells. As identified by ultra high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, the extracts contained three prevailing groups of phenols: hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives; flavan-3-ols; and flavonols. Sixteen phenols were detected; the predominant compound was chlorogenic acid. The sum of detected phenols varied significantly between the cultivars ranging from 9322 µg/g (‘Rondo’) to 17,048 µg/g DW (‘Darius’). Incubation with the extracts decreased the viability of glioblastoma HROG36 cells with an efficiency similar to temozolomide, a drug used for glioblastoma treatment. In the case of C6 glioblastoma cells, the extracts were even more efficient than temozolomide. Interestingly, primary cerebellar neuronal-glial cells were significantly less sensitive to the extracts compared to the cancer cell lines. The results showed that JQ leaf ethanol extracts are rich in phenolic compounds, can efficiently reduce glioblastoma cell viability while preserving non-cancerous cells, and are worth further investigations as potential anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidotas Zvikas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.Z.); (D.K.); (U.M.); (Z.B.); (M.L.); (P.V.); (A.J.)
| | - Ieva Urbanaviciute
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Institute for Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
| | - Rasa Bernotiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių str. 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Deimante Kulakauskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.Z.); (D.K.); (U.M.); (Z.B.); (M.L.); (P.V.); (A.J.)
| | - Urte Morkunaite
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.Z.); (D.K.); (U.M.); (Z.B.); (M.L.); (P.V.); (A.J.)
| | - Zbigniev Balion
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.Z.); (D.K.); (U.M.); (Z.B.); (M.L.); (P.V.); (A.J.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių str. 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Daiva Majiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių str. 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.Z.); (D.K.); (U.M.); (Z.B.); (M.L.); (P.V.); (A.J.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.Z.); (D.K.); (U.M.); (Z.B.); (M.L.); (P.V.); (A.J.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Institute for Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
| | - Aiste Jekabsone
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.Z.); (D.K.); (U.M.); (Z.B.); (M.L.); (P.V.); (A.J.)
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 17, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdas Jakstas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.Z.); (D.K.); (U.M.); (Z.B.); (M.L.); (P.V.); (A.J.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-672-00844
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Urbanavičiūtė I, Liaudanskas M, Bobinas Č, Šarkinas A, Rezgienė A, Viskelis P. Japanese Quince ( Chaenomeles japonica) as a Potential Source of Phenols: Optimization of the Extraction Parameters and Assessment of Antiradical and Antimicrobial Activities. Foods 2020; 9:E1132. [PMID: 32824623 PMCID: PMC7466336 DOI: 10.3390/foods9081132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The value of fruits is determined by the quantity and variety of biologically active compounds they contain, and their benefits on human health. This work presents the first study of the biochemical composition and antibacterial activity of the new Japanese quince (JQ) cultivars 'Darius', 'Rondo', and 'Rasa' fruits. The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and each compound was identified by HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The antimicrobial activity against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria, and one yeast strain, was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method using three different concentrations. The free radical scavenging activity was determined using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) methods and ranged from 99.1 to 115.9 μmolTE/100 g, and from 372 to 682 μmolTE/100 g, respectively. TPC ranged from 3906 to 4550 mgGAE/100 g, and five compounds, isoquercitrin, rutin, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and chlorogenic acid were identified. All JQ extracts possessed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) was the most sensitive strain. These results indicate that JQ fruits are a significant source of bio-compounds, which can enrich the diet with strong antioxidants, and they are very promising as a substitute for chemical preservatives in the food and cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Urbanavičiūtė
- Biochemistry and Technology Laboratory, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno st.30, Babtai, LT-54333 Kaunas distr., Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių st.13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių st.13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Česlovas Bobinas
- Biochemistry and Technology Laboratory, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno st.30, Babtai, LT-54333 Kaunas distr., Lithuania
| | - Antanas Šarkinas
- Microbiological Research Laboratory, Food Institute of Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50292 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Food Science and Technology of Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aistė Rezgienė
- Microbiological Research Laboratory, Food Institute of Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50292 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Biochemistry and Technology Laboratory, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno st.30, Babtai, LT-54333 Kaunas distr., Lithuania
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Zokaityte E, Cernauskas D, Klupsaite D, Lele V, Starkute V, Zavistanaviciute P, Ruzauskas M, Gruzauskas R, Juodeikiene G, Rocha JM, Bliznikas S, Viskelis P, Ruibys R, Bartkiene E. Bioconversion of Milk Permeate with Selected Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains and Apple By-Products into Beverages with Antimicrobial Properties and Enriched with Galactooligosaccharides. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1182. [PMID: 32756465 PMCID: PMC7463965 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research study aims to prepare prototypes of beverages from milk permeate (MP) using fermentation with 10 different strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) showing antimicrobial properties (L. uvarum LUHS245, L. casei LUHS210, L. curvatus LUHS51, L. plantarum LUHS135, P. acidilactici LUHS29, L. plantarum LUHS122, L. coryniformins LUHS71, L. paracasei LUHS244, P. pentosaceus LUHS183, L. faraginis LUHS206) and MP with (AppMP) or without (MP) the addition of 8% (w/w) apple by-products (App). Two groups of prototypes of beverages were prepared: fermented MP and fermented MP with App (AppMP). Acidity parameters, LAB viable counts, lactose and galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) content, antimicrobial properties against 15 pathogenic and opportunistic bacterial strains, overall acceptability and emotions induced of the final fermented beverages for consumers were evaluated. Results showed that all LAB grew well in MP and LAB strain exhibited a significant (p ≤ 0.05) influence on galactobiose and galactotriose synthesis in the fermentable MP substrate. The highest total content of GOS (26.80 mg/100 mL) was found in MPLUHS29 fermented beverage. In addition, MPLUHS245, MPLUHS210 and AppMPLUHS71 fermented beverages showed high antimicrobial activity, inhibiting 13 out of 15 tested microbial pathogens. The overall acceptability of AppMP fermented beverages was 26.8% higher when compared with fermented beverages without App (MP), and the most intensive "happy" emotion was induced by MPLUHS71, MPLUHS24, MPLUHS183 and MPLUHS206 samples. Finally, very promising results were also attained by the bioconversion of MP with selected LAB and App addition into the prototypes of antimicrobial beverages enriched with GOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Zokaityte
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (D.C.); (D.K.); (V.L.); (V.S.); (P.Z.); (S.B.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Darius Cernauskas
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (D.C.); (D.K.); (V.L.); (V.S.); (P.Z.); (S.B.)
- Food Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dovile Klupsaite
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (D.C.); (D.K.); (V.L.); (V.S.); (P.Z.); (S.B.)
| | - Vita Lele
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (D.C.); (D.K.); (V.L.); (V.S.); (P.Z.); (S.B.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytaute Starkute
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (D.C.); (D.K.); (V.L.); (V.S.); (P.Z.); (S.B.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (D.C.); (D.K.); (V.L.); (V.S.); (P.Z.); (S.B.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Romas Gruzauskas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.G.); (G.J.)
| | - Grazina Juodeikiene
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.G.); (G.J.)
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- REQUIMTE–Rede de Química e Tecnologia, Laboratório de Química Verde (LAQV), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n., P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Saulius Bliznikas
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (D.C.); (D.K.); (V.L.); (V.S.); (P.Z.); (S.B.)
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
| | - Romas Ruibys
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaicio str. 58, LT-44244 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (D.C.); (D.K.); (V.L.); (V.S.); (P.Z.); (S.B.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Liubertas T, Kairaitis R, Stasiule L, Capkauskiene S, Stasiulis A, Viskelis P, Viškelis J, Urbonaviciene D. The influence of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) dietary nitrates on the aerobic capacity of physically active young persons. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2020; 17:37. [PMID: 32660566 PMCID: PMC7359009 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00366-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence indicates that elevating plasma nitrites through dietary nitrates (NO3−) supplementation is associated with enhanced muscle efficiency, fatigue resistance and performance. Beetroot (in various forms) is the dominant source of dietary NO3− primarily due to its vast availability and the simple form of preparation suitable for final consumption. After a few years of research and experimentation, our scientific team identified alternative source rich with dietary NO3− as possible nitric oxide precursor, amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) with a standardized concentration 9–11% of NO3−. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of single-dose (±400 mg of dietary NO3−) and long-term (6 days) supplementation of amaranth concentrate derived dietary NO3− on aerobic capacity in physically active young people. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human study. Thirteen healthy and physically active young male participants were randomized into experimental and placebo groups. The aerobic capacity was tested during increasing cycling exercise (ICE) with pulmonary gas exchange recording and analysis. Results The peak power of the ICE, the maximum oxygen consumption and the first ventilatory threshold were significantly increased after long-term consumption of dietary amaranth (from 4.44 ± 0.50 to 4.55 ± 0.43 W/kg; from 37.7 ± 2.7 to 41.2 ± 5.4 mL/kg/min and from 178.6 ± 30.3 to 188.6 ± 35.2 W, p < 0.05; respectively) in experimental group. Conclusions Long-term (6 days) use of dietary NO3− from amaranth may improve the aerobic capacity during ICE in young physically active male persons. It can be recommended as the nutritional supplement during last week of preparation for competition in endurance events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Liubertas
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Ramutis Kairaitis
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Loreta Stasiule
- Department of Applied Biology and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sandrija Capkauskiene
- Department of Applied Biology and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arvydas Stasiulis
- Department of Applied Biology and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viškelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333, Babtai, Lithuania
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Zadeike D, Vaitkeviciene R, Marksa M, Juodeikiene G, Bendoraitiene J, Bartkiene E, Lele V, Viskelis P, Bernatoniene J, Jakstas V. Structural and functional characterisation of compositionally optimised rice bran and lingonberry dietary fibre‐based gel‐type product enriched with phytochemicals. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daiva Zadeike
- Department of Food Science and Technology Kaunas University of Technology 50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Ruta Vaitkeviciene
- Department of Food Science and Technology Kaunas University of Technology 50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | | | - Grazina Juodeikiene
- Department of Food Science and Technology Kaunas University of Technology 50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Joana Bendoraitiene
- Department of Food Science and Technology Kaunas University of Technology 50254 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences 47181 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Vita Lele
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences 47181 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry 58344 Kedainiai Lithuania
| | | | - Valdas Jakstas
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences 47181 Kaunas Lithuania
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Juodeikiene G, Zadeike D, Trakselyte-Rupsiene K, Gasauskaite K, Bartkiene E, Lele V, Viskelis P, Bernatoniene J, Ivanauskas L, Jakstas V. Functionalisation of flaxseed proteins assisted by ultrasonication to produce coatings enriched with raspberries phytochemicals. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bartkiene E, Lele V, Sakiene V, Zavistanaviciute P, Ruzauskas M, Stankevicius A, Grigas J, Pautienius A, Bernatoniene J, Jakstas V, Zadeike D, Viskelis P, Juodeikiene G. Fermented, ultrasonicated, and dehydrated bovine colostrum: Changes in antimicrobial properties and immunoglobulin content. J Dairy Sci 2019; 103:1315-1323. [PMID: 31864741 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum LUHS135 and Lactobacillus paracasei LUHS244, ultrasonication, and different methods of dehydration on the content of IgG, IgA, and IgM in bovine colostrum (BC), as well as the antimicrobial activity of the treated and fresh BC samples [fresh = BC; freeze dried = BClyoph; vacuum dried (+45°C) = BCvacdried; BC fermented with LUHS135 = BCLUHS135; BC fermented with LUHS244 = BCLUHS244; BC fermented with LUHS135 and freeze dried = BCLUHS135lyoph; BC fermented with LUHS244 and freeze dried = BCLUHS244 lyoph; BC fermented with LUHS135 and vacuum dried = BCLUHS135 vacdried; BC fermented with LUHS244 and vacuum dried = BCLUHS244 vacdried; BC ultrasonicated and freeze dried = BCultr lyoph; BC ultrasonicated and vacuum dried = BCultr vacdried]. The antimicrobial activity was assessed against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanni, Proteus mirabilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Pasteurella multocida using the agar well diffusion method, as well as in liquid medium. In liquid medium analysis showed that the fermented BC samples had the broadest antimicrobial spectrum (of 15 tested pathogenic strains, BCLUHS135 vacdried and BCLUHS135lyoph inhibited 13; BCLUHS244 vacdried inhibited 12; and BCLUHS135, BCLUHS244, and BCLUHS244 lyoph inhibited 11). Based on the inhibition zones, BCLUHS135lyoph samples exhibited the broadest inhibition spectrum, inhibiting the growth of 12 of the 15 tested pathogenic strains). According to the lactic acid bacteria strain selected for BC fermentation, different properties of the BC will be obtained. To ensure a broad antimicrobial spectrum and high IgG content, fermentation with LUHS135 can be recommended (IgG concentration in BCLUHS135 was retained), whereas fermentation with LUHS244 will provide a high IgM concentration (IgM concentration increased by 48.8 and 21.6% in BCLUHS244 and BCLUHS244lyoph samples, respectively). However, IgA is very sensitive for fermentation, and further studies are needed to increase IgA stability in BC. Finally, fermented BC can be recommended as a food/beverage ingredient, providing safety, as well as improved functionality through displaying a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Vita Lele
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytaute Sakiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Stankevicius
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Grigas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arnoldas Pautienius
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdas Jakstas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Zadeike
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania; Biochemistry and Technology Laboratory, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Kauno St. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Grazina Juodeikiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, LT-5016 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Bartkiene E, Lele V, Sakiene V, Zavistanaviciute P, Ruzauskas M, Bernatoniene J, Jakstas V, Viskelis P, Zadeike D, Juodeikiene G. Improvement of the antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria in combination with berries/fruits and dairy industry by-products. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:3992-4002. [PMID: 30719736 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND By-products from berries/fruits (B/F) and the dairy industry (DI) are an important environmental issue in many countries. In the present study, the concept of an improvement of the antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in combination with B/F (raspberries, blackcurrants, apples, rowanberries) and DI by-products was analysed. Antimicrobial activities of the B/F by-products and LAB (13 LAB strains were estimated against 15 pathogenic strains) were evaluated, with whey substrate being used for the selected and the highest antimicrobial activities showing LAB cultivation. RESULTS The broadest spectrum of pathogenic bacteria inhibition was shown by lyophilised blackcurrant and apple by-products, which inhibited 13 and 12 pathogenic strains of the 15 strains analysed, respectively. The strongest inhibition of the tested pathogens were shown by the Lactobacillus uvarum LUHS245 and Lactobacillus casei LUHS210 and, for the abovementioned LAB biomass preparation, whey enriched with 2.5 g 100 g-1 glucose, 2.0 g 100 g-1 yeast extract and 0.5 g 100 g-1 saccharose is a suitable and sustainable substrate. The B/F by-product's antimicrobial activity can be enhanced in combination with the LUHS245 and LUHS210 strains. CONCLUSION LAB, B/F and DI by-products can be used for preparation of antimicrobial products because the combination of compounds from different origins showed higher antimicrobial properties. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vita Lele
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytaute Sakiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdas Jakstas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Biochemistry and Technology Laboratory, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Zadeike
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Grazina Juodeikiene
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Urbanaviciute I, Liaudanskas M, Seglina D, Viskelis P. Japanese Quince Chaenomeles Japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach Leaves a New Source of Antioxidants for Food. International Journal of Food Properties 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2019.1609984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Urbanaviciute
- Biochemistry and Technology Laboratory, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalija Seglina
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Biochemistry and Technology Laboratory, Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Bartkiene E, Bartkevics V, Ikkere LE, Pugajeva I, Zavistanaviciute P, Lele V, Ruzauskas M, Bernatoniene J, Jakstas V, Klupsaite D, Zadeike D, Viskelis P, Juodeikiene G. The effects of ultrasonication, fermentation with Lactobacillus sp., and dehydration on the chemical composition and microbial contamination of bovine colostrum. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6787-6798. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Liaudanskas M, Zymone K, Viskelis J, Kviklys D, Viskelis P, Janulis V. Seasonal Variation of the Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Phenolic Compounds in Malus domestica Leaves. Chem Nat Compd 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-018-2341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bartkiene E, Ruzauskas M, Lele V, Zavistanaviciute P, Bernatoniene J, Jakstas V, Ivanauskas L, Zadeike D, Klupsaite D, Viskelis P, Bendoraitiene J, Navikaite-Snipaitiene V, Juodeikiene G. Development of antimicrobial gummy candies with addition of bovine colostrum, essential oils and probiotics. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bartkiene
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Tilzes str. 18 Kaunas LT-47181 Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Tilzes str. 18 Kaunas LT-47181 Lithuania
| | - Vita Lele
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Tilzes str. 18 Kaunas LT-47181 Lithuania
| | | | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Tilzes str. 18 Kaunas LT-47181 Lithuania
| | - Valdas Jakstas
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Tilzes str. 18 Kaunas LT-47181 Lithuania
| | - Liudas Ivanauskas
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Tilzes str. 18 Kaunas LT-47181 Lithuania
| | - Daiva Zadeike
- Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu rd. 19 Kaunas LT-50254 Lithuania
| | - Dovile Klupsaite
- Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu rd. 19 Kaunas LT-50254 Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu rd. 19 Kaunas LT-50254 Lithuania
- Institute of Agriculture and Food Sciences; Aleksandras Stulginskis University; Studentu Str.11 Kaunas LT-53361 Lithuania
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Eisinaite V, Vinauskiene R, Viskelis P, Leskauskaite D. Effects of Freeze-Dried Vegetable Products on the Technological Process and the Quality of Dry Fermented Sausages. J Food Sci 2016; 81:C2175-82. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Eisinaite
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Kaunas Univ. of Technology; Radvilenu pl 19 Kaunas LT- 50254 Lithuania
| | - Rimante Vinauskiene
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Kaunas Univ. of Technology; Radvilenu pl 19 Kaunas LT- 50254 Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Kaunas Univ. of Technology; Radvilenu pl 19 Kaunas LT- 50254 Lithuania
| | - Daiva Leskauskaite
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Kaunas Univ. of Technology; Radvilenu pl 19 Kaunas LT- 50254 Lithuania
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Raudone L, Burdulis D, Raudonis R, Janulis V, Jankauskiene L, Viskelis P, Trumbeckaite S. EFFECT OF PERILLA FRUTESCENS EXTRACTS AND ROSMARINIC ACID ON RAT HEART MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTIONS. Acta Pol Pharm 2016; 73:135-45. [PMID: 27008808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Perilla frutescens L. due to its aromatic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant traits has been traditionally used as medicinal plant in Eastern Asia. Alterations of mitochondria are interconnected with many chronic diseases. Bioactives of herbal extracts can modulate mitochondrial effects and be beneficial in prevention of mitochondrial related chronic diseases. Direct effects of the red-leaf form P. frutescens extract (PFE) and the green-leaf form P. frutescens var. crispa f. viridis extract (PCE) were evaluated investigating activities on the oxidative phosphorylation and antioxidant activity in the rat heart mitochondria in vitro. HPLC-MS analysis was applied for the identification of phenolic compounds. Cell with a Clark-type oxygen electrode was used for mitochondrial respiration measurement. The generation of reactive oxygen species was estimated in isolated rat heart mitochondria and determined fluorimetrically. State 3 respiration rate was not affected by lower concentrations, however, it was inhibited at higher concentrations by 22-70% for PFE and by 45-55% for PCE. PFE containing anthocyanins induced the concentration-dependent stimulation (by 23-76%) of the State 4 respiration rate after addition of cytochrome c due to reducing properties. Significant reduction of H₂O₂ pro- duction was observed with investigated concentrations of rosmarinic acid and both perilla extracts. Our results demonstrate that the effect of PFE and PCE extracts on rat heart mitochondria depend on the qualitative characteristics of complex of biologically active compounds. Selective effects on mitochondrial function could enable the regulation of apoptosis or another mechanisms occurring in cells.
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Bartkiene E, Juodeikiene G, Zadeike D, Viskelis P, Urbonaviciene D. The Use of Tomato Powder Fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus sakei for the Ready-to-Cook Minced Meat Quality Improvement. Food Technol Biotechnol 2015; 53:163-170. [PMID: 27904345 PMCID: PMC5068405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the influence of lactic acid fermentation on the quality of tomato powder was evaluated. The effect of adding fermented tomato powder to ready-to-cook minced pork meat to improve its nutritional value and sensory characteristics was also analysed. The cell growth of Lactobacillus sakei (7.53 log CFU/g) was more intense in the medium containing tomato powder, compared to the growth of Pediococcus pentosaceus (6.35 log CFU/g) during 24 h of fermentation; however, higher acidity (pH=4.1) was observed in the tomato powder samples fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus. The spontaneous fermentation of tomato powder reduced cell growth by 38% and pH values slightly increased to 4.17, compared to the fermentation with pure LAB. The lactofermentation of tomato powder increased the average β-carotene and lycopene mass fractions by 43.9 and 50.2%, respectively, compared with the nonfermented samples. Lycopene and β-carotene contents in the ready-to-cook minced pork meat were proportional to the added tomato powder (10 and 30%). After cooking, β-carotene and lycopene contents decreased, on average, by 24.2 and 41.2%, respectively. The highest loss (up to 49.2%) of carotenoids was found in samples with 30% nonfermented tomato powder. Tomato powder fermented with 10% Lactobacillus sakei KTU05-6 can be recommended as both a colouring agent and a source of lycopene in the preparation of ready-to-cook minced pork meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bartkiene
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Veterinary Academy, Department of Food Safety and Quality, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Grazina Juodeikiene
- Kaunas University of Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Zadeike
- Kaunas University of Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, LT-54333 Babtai, Kaunas distr., Lithuania
| | - Dalia Urbonaviciene
- Kaunas University of Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, LT-54333 Babtai, Kaunas distr., Lithuania
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Bartkiene E, Juodeikiene G, Zadeike D, Viskelis P, Urbonaviciene D. The Use of Tomato Powder Fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus sakei for the Ready-to-Cook Minced Meat Product Quality Improvement. Food Technol Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.17113/ftb.53.02.15.3582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Raudone L, Bobinaite R, Janulis V, Viskelis P, Trumbeckaite S. Effects of raspberry fruit extracts and ellagic acid on respiratory burst in murine macrophages. Food Funct 2014; 5:1167-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60593k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The main finding of our study is that raspberry extracts and ellagic acid inhibit reactive oxygen species production in PMA stimulated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Raudone
- Department of Pharmacognosy Medical Academy
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
- Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ramune Bobinaite
- Institute of Horticulture
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry
- Kaunas Distr., Lithuania
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy Medical Academy
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
- Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry
- Kaunas Distr., Lithuania
| | - Sonata Trumbeckaite
- Department of Pharmacognosy Medical Academy
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
- Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Neurosciences
- Medical Academy
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Brazinskiene V, Asakaviciute R, Miezeliene A, Alencikiene G, Ivanauskas L, Jakstas V, Viskelis P, Razukas A. Effect of farming systems on the yield, quality parameters and sensory properties of conventionally and organically grown potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers. Food Chem 2013; 145:903-9. [PMID: 24128562 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this two-year research were to study the impact of two different farming types, conventional and organic, on the yield and sensory properties of five Lithuanian varieties of potato tuber. The parameters and properties examined were: phenolic acids; dry matter and starch content; and the spread and intensity of Phytophthora infestans growth. It was determined that potato yield fluctuates with the variety, but for conventional farming it is significantly (p<0.05) higher than that obtained by organic farming. The farming type has no significant effect (p>0.05) on the content of phenolic acids. No significant effect (p>0.05) of farming type on dry matter and starch content, or sensory properties was found. No significant relation (p>0.05) was found between the content of phenolic acids and P. infestans spread. The spread of P. infestans was faster and infection was heavier in organically grown potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Brazinskiene
- Voke Branch of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Zalioji a. 2, Traku Voke, LT-02232 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Sakalauskaitė J, Viskelis P, Dambrauskienė E, Sakalauskienė S, Samuolienė G, Brazaitytė A, Duchovskis P, Urbonavičienė D. The effects of different UV-B radiation intensities on morphological and biochemical characteristics in Ocimum basilicum L. J Sci Food Agric 2013; 93:1266-1271. [PMID: 22965689 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of short-term ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation on sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L. cv. Cinnamon) plants at the 3-4 leaf pair and flowering stages were examined in controlled environment growth chambers. Plants were exposed to 0 (reference), 2 and 4 kJ UV-B m(-2) day(-1) over 7 days. RESULTS Exposure of basil plants to supplementary UV-B light resulted in increased assimilating leaf area, fresh biomass and dry biomass. Stimulation of physiological functions in young basil plants under either applied UV-B dose resulted in increased total chlorophyll content but no marked variation in carotenoid content. At the flowering stage the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of basil were affected by supplementary UV-B radiation, decreasing with enhanced UV-B exposure. Both total antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical assay) and total phenolic compound content were increased by UV-B light supplementation. Young and mature basil plants differed in their ascorbic acid content, which was dependent on UV-B dose and plant age. UV-B radiation resulted in decreased nitrate content in young basil plants (3-4 leaf pair stage). CONCLUSION These results indicate that the application of short-exposure UV-B radiation beneficially influenced both growth parameters and biochemical constituents in young and mature basil plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurga Sakalauskaitė
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Kaunas District, Lithuania.
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Bartkiene E, Juodeikiene G, Vidmantiene D, Viskelis P, Urbonaviciene D. Nutritional and quality aspects of wheat sourdough bread using L. luteus and L. angustifolius flours fermented by Pedioccocus acidilactici. Int J Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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38
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Viskelis P, Rubinskiene M, Jasutiene I, Sarkinas A, Daubaras R, Cesoniene L. Anthocyanins, antioxidative, and antimicrobial properties of American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) and their press cakes. J Food Sci 2009; 74:C157-61. [PMID: 19323730 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01066.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Amounts of total phenolics, anthocyanins, and ascorbic acid in 4 American cranberry varieties harvested at 4 stages of maturity were measured. The larger amount of phenolic compounds was found in berries of "Black Veil" cultivar (504 mg/100 g) at II stage of maturity. Significantly larger amounts of anthocyanins were determined in the overripe berries of the cultivars "Ben Lear" and "Black Veil." The amount of ascorbic acid in berries increased during ripening from I to III stage, and slightly decreased in the overripe berries. The biggest quantities of ascorbic acid were found in the ripe berries of "Ben Lear" cultivar (15.8 mg/100 g). The distribution of anthocyanins pigments was determined by HPLC-UV/MS in mature berries. The composition of individual anthocyanins in berries was quite similar in all the studied cranberry cultivars. While skins of cranberries are rich in anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds, the extracts of the by-products of cranberries juice-berry cakes, were analyzed and obtained results were compared with the properties of extracts made from whole berries. The anthocyanins and total phenolics content, radical scavenging activity, antimicrobial activity of the whole berries, and their press cakes extracts were measured. All investigated extracts from berries and their press cakes showed good radical scavenging activity and revealed antimicrobial properties. It was found that Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876) and Micrococcus luteus (ATCC 9341) were the most sensitive among 10 tested Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Viskelis
- Lithuanian Inst of Horticulture, Babtai, Lithuania
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Dvaranauskaite A, Venskutonis PR, Raynaud C, Talou T, Viskelis P, Dambrauskiene E. Characterization of steam volatiles in the essential oil of black currant buds and the antioxidant properties of different bud extracts. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:3279-3286. [PMID: 18412360 DOI: 10.1021/jf7037168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Currently essential oil from black currant ( Ribes nigrum L.) buds is mainly used as a valuable perfumery ingredient. This study reports more comprehensive characterization of dormant buds of various black currant ( Ribes nigrum L.) cultivars which are grown in Northern European countries. Essential oils were isolated from the buds by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), GC-flame ionization detection (GC-FID), and GC--olfactometry (GC-O). The most abundant compounds in black currant bud essential oil were sabinene, delta-3-carene, and terpinolene. The most frequent descriptors of the essential oil components assessed by GC-O were "woody", "terpene", "fruity", "sweet", "citrus", "herbaceous", "pine", "green", "oily", "herbal", and "musty". The residues obtained after hydrodistillation were separated into liquid and solid fractions. The solid fraction was dried and extracted with acetone (AE), while the liquid fraction (water extract) was divided in two parts, one of which was spray-dried (SDWF extracts) and the other freeze-dried (FDWF extract). In addition, a portion of whole frozen buds was extracted with methanol (ME). The radical scavenging capacity (RSC) of black currant bud extracts varied in a wide range; in the DPPH * reaction system FDWF at the applied concentration scavenged 43-79%; SDWF, 54-80%; AE, 16-36%; ME, 42-60% of radicals; while in the ABTS *+ reaction system the RSC was 39-72, 38-53, 1-5, and 30-49%, respectively. The total amount of phenolic compounds expressed in gallic acid equivalents in FDWF varied in the range of 132-192 mg/g; in SDWF, 140-209 mg/g; in AE, 49-107 mg/g; and in ME extracts, 111-180 mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asta Dvaranauskaite
- Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography with UV and mass spectrometry detectors are used to monitor the composition and stability of anthocyanins in blackcurrants harvested from different Ribes nigrum breeds at various ripeness phases. The highest amounts of pigments are found in overripe berries. The concentration of anthocyanins is higher in the berries of late blackcurrant breeds (Vakariai and Ben Alder). Delphinidin- 3-rutinoside is the dominant component in the reddish color berries (onset of ripening), and cyanidin-3-rutinoside is a major pigment in the black ones (ripe berries). Studies of the effect of temperature and light on the stability of the main pigments in blackcurrants show that aqueous solution prepared from a dry colorant is more stable when compared with the liquid water and ethanol extracts of coloring substances. Cyanidin-3-rutinoside is found to be the most thermally stable anthocyanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rubinskiene
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Kauno g. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania
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Chesoniene L, Daubaras R, Viskelis P. BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BERRIES OF SOME KOLOMIKTA KIWI (ACTINIDIA KOLOMIKTA) CULTIVARS AND DETECTION OF HARVEST MATURITY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2004.663.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Baranauskiene R, Venskutonis PR, Viskelis P, Dambrauskiene E. Influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris). J Agric Food Chem 2003; 51:7751-7758. [PMID: 14664540 DOI: 10.1021/jf0303316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of crop, as well as on the production and composition of the essential oil and some other chemical characteristics of thyme, was investigated. Different levels of fertilizers (N = 0, 45, 90, and 135 kg x ha(-)(1)) were applied. It was found that fertilizers increase thyme crop, but differences in the yield of essential oil were not remarkable. However, the use of certain amounts of nitrogen fertilizers resulted in higher yields of essential oil obtainable from the cultivation area unit (dm(3) ha(-)(1)). Totally, 61 constituents were identified in thyme essential oil by capillary GC and GC-MS. Thymol was the dominating compound in the all analyzed oils (44.4-58.1%), followed by p-cymene (9.1-18.5%), gamma-terpinene (6.9-18.9%), and carvacrol (2.4-4.2%). Differences in the percentage of these and other compounds in thyme herb cultivated under different fertilization doses were not significant; very slight changes in the percentage composition were detected after drying. Some variations in the amount of individual constituents expressed in arbitrary units per kilogram of herb (which is almost equivalent to mg x kg(-)(1)) were observed. The highest amounts of sugars and sucrose, in particular, were determined in the second year of thyme cultivation. Differences in the content of dry soluble substances were not meaningful, and there was no effect of nitrogen fertilizers on this chemical characteristic. Some effect of fertilization on the content of vitamin C and carotenes was observed in the first year of thyme cultivation. It was determined that nitrogen fertilizers influence the amount of nitrates, which was highest in the second-year-first-harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Baranauskiene
- Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenucedil; pl. 19, LT-3028 Kaunas, Lithuania
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