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Zhao HT, Peng ZB, Ni ZL, Yang XK, Guo QY, Zheng JD, Qin Y, Zhang YP. [Investigation on influenza vaccination policy and vaccination situation during the influenza seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:1560-1564. [PMID: 36372744 DOI: 10.3760/cma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the policies and coverage of influenza vaccine during the influenza epidemic seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 in China. Methods: The national influenza vaccination policy and vaccination rate were investigated in counties and districts and described in the two epidemic seasons. Results: In the epidemic seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, the vaccination coverage of influenza in China was 3.16% and 2.47%, respectively. The free vaccination policy had the highest vaccination coverage (51.75% and 38.32%), followed by the medical insurance reimbursement policy (9.74% and 7.36%). During the epidemic season of 2021-2022, the number of counties and districts implementing the free vaccination policy in China decreased 61 compared with the previous year, but the number of people covered increased by 51.29%. However, the vaccination coverage of the vast population decreased significantly, with the medical staff (75.69% and 40.15% for two epidemic seasons), preschool children (58.86% and 26.15%), and the elderly (45.71% and 32.94%). During the epidemic season of 2021-2022, the number of counties and districts implementing the medical insurance reimbursement policy increased by 6 compared with the previous year, and the number of people covered increased by 11.12%, but the vaccination coverage decreased. Conclusion: The influenza vaccination rate in China is low, and the implementation of cost preferential policy can greatly improve the influenza vaccination rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Zhao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z B Peng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z L Ni
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Yuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuxi 653100, China
| | - X K Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Q Y Guo
- Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - J D Zheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Qin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y P Zhang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Zhao HT, Peng ZB, Ni ZL, Yang XK, Guo QY, Zheng JD, Qin Y, Zhang YP. [Investigation on influenza vaccination policy and vaccination situation during the influenza seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:1560-1564. [PMID: 36372744 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220810-00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the policies and coverage of influenza vaccine during the influenza epidemic seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 in China. Methods: The national influenza vaccination policy and vaccination rate were investigated in counties and districts and described in the two epidemic seasons. Results: In the epidemic seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, the vaccination coverage of influenza in China was 3.16% and 2.47%, respectively. The free vaccination policy had the highest vaccination coverage (51.75% and 38.32%), followed by the medical insurance reimbursement policy (9.74% and 7.36%). During the epidemic season of 2021-2022, the number of counties and districts implementing the free vaccination policy in China decreased 61 compared with the previous year, but the number of people covered increased by 51.29%. However, the vaccination coverage of the vast population decreased significantly, with the medical staff (75.69% and 40.15% for two epidemic seasons), preschool children (58.86% and 26.15%), and the elderly (45.71% and 32.94%). During the epidemic season of 2021-2022, the number of counties and districts implementing the medical insurance reimbursement policy increased by 6 compared with the previous year, and the number of people covered increased by 11.12%, but the vaccination coverage decreased. Conclusion: The influenza vaccination rate in China is low, and the implementation of cost preferential policy can greatly improve the influenza vaccination rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Zhao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z B Peng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z L Ni
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Yuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuxi 653100, China
| | - X K Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Q Y Guo
- Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - J D Zheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Qin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y P Zhang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Li M, Zhang JJ, Li XN, Zhang J, An YX, Zhang QC, Li HX, Liu LF, Guo QY, Wang Z, Zhang XJ. [Effects of duodenal ligation on gastroesophageal reflux and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:1598-1605. [PMID: 34098687 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20201017-02859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of duodenal ligation on gastroesophageal reflux and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were randomized into the control (Ctrl) group, bleomycin (BLM) group, duodenal ligation (GER) group and duodenal ligation plus bleomycin treatment (BLM+GER) group. At day 0 (d0), duodenum ligation was performed in the GER and the BLM+GER group through an open-abdomen surgery at 1.0 cm below the pylorus by about 30% of the circumference. Meanwhile, sham operation was performed in the Ctrl and the BLM group with similar procedures to the above without ligation of the duodenum. At day 14, bleomycin solution (5 mg/kg, for the BLM and BLM+GER groups) or saline (for the Ctrl and GER groups) was intratracheally instilled. Rats were sacrificed at d28 or at d42. HE, Masson's trichrome or TUNEL staining was performed on lung sections of the groups. The levels of hyrdoxyproline (HYP) or malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured respectively by alkaline hydrolysis or thiobarbituric acid colorimetry. The levels of pepsin and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were assessed by ELISA. Western blot or RT-PCR was used to quantify relative lung expression of proteins or mRNA, respectively. Results: Lungs of the GER group rats were presented with mild inflammatory cell infiltration. Alveolitis and lung fibrosis was prominent in the BLM group but even more severe in the BLM+GER group. Of the Ctrl, GER, BLM and BLM+GER group, the average numbers of apoptotic cells per each magnified field (×200) on d28 lung sections was (5.6±3.0), (6.4±5.3), (15.4±5.3) and (18.4±9.1), respectively (P=0.008); the proportion (%) of blue-stained area under Masson's trichrome at d42 was (21.5±2.8), (23.4±2.5), (34.0±5.8) and (41.3±2.9) (P<0.05); the HYP contents (mg/L) at d42 of each group was (0.77±0.01), (1.26±0.01), (2.02±0.01) and (2.39±0.01) (P<0.01); the BALF levels of MDA (μmol/L) at d42 were (0.51±0.09), (0.87±0.12), (1.40±0.31) and (1.71±0.12) (P<0.001), and differences of these three indices at d42 reached statistical significance when comparing the Ctrl or GER group with the BLM or BLM+GER group (all P<0.05). The levels of pepsin, pH, interleukin (IL)-1β, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and HYP at d28 and d42 were statistically different between the GER group and the Ctrl group (all P<0.05). As compared with the BLM group, the values of TGF-β1, HYP, p-Smad3, vimentin, p-ERK1/2 and cleaved caspase-3 at d28 and d42 were different in the BLM+GER group (all P<0.05). At both d28 and d42, the BALF levels of pepsin and pH were statistically different between the BLM and the Ctrl group, or between the BLM+GER group and the GER group (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Gastroesophageal reflux is induced through duodenal ligation, which activates proinflammatory and profibrotic signals in the lungs and significantly aggravates bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis. In addition, pulmonary fibrosis may induce or worsen the extent of reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - J J Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - X N Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Y X An
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Q C Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - H X Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - L F Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Q Y Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - X J Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Yuan L, Zhao JB, Zhou YL, Qi YB, Guo QY, Zhang HH, Khan MN, Lan L, Jia CH, Zhang YR, Ding SZ. Type I and type II Helicobacter pylori infection status and their impact on gastrin and pepsinogen level in a gastric cancer prevalent area. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:3673-3685. [PMID: 32742135 PMCID: PMC7366059 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i25.3673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type I Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection causes severe gastric inflammation and is a predisposing factor for gastric carcinogenesis. However, its infection status in stepwise gastric disease progression in this gastric cancer prevalent area has not been evaluated; it is also not known its impact on commonly used epidemiological gastric cancer risk markers such as gastrin-17 (G-17) and pepsinogens (PGs) during clinical practice.
AIM To explore the prevalence of type I and type II H. pylori infection status and their impact on G-17 and PG levels in clinical practice.
METHODS Thirty-five hundred and seventy-two hospital admitted patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms were examined, and 523 patients were enrolled in this study. H. pylori infection was confirmed by both 13C-urea breath test and serological assay. Patients were divided into non-atrophic gastritis (NAG), non-atrophic gastritis with erosion (NAGE), chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), peptic ulcers (PU) and gastric cancer (GC) groups. Their serological G-17, PG I and PG II values and PG I/PG II ratio were also measured.
RESULTS A total H. pylori infection rate of 3572 examined patients was 75.9%, the infection rate of 523 enrolled patients was 76.9%, among which type I H. pylori infection accounted for 72.4% (291/402) and type II was 27.6%; 88.4% of GC patients were H. pylori positive, and 84.2% of them were type I infection, only 11.6% of GC patients were H. pylori negative. Infection rates of type I H. pylori in NAG, NAGE, CAG, PU and GC groups were 67.9%, 62.7%, 79.7%, 77.6% and 84.2%, respectively. H. pylori infection resulted in significantly higher G-17 and PG II values and decreased PG I/PG II ratio. Both types of H. pylori induced higher G-17 level, but type I strain infection resulted in an increased PG II level and decreased PG I/PG II ratio in NAG, NAGE and CAG groups over uninfected controls. Overall PG I levels showed no difference among all disease groups and in the presence or absence of H. pylori; in stratified analysis, its level was increased in GC and PU patients in H. pylori and type I H. pylori-positive groups.
CONCLUSION Type I H. pylori infection is the major form of infection in this geographic region, and a very low percentage (11.6%) of GC patients are not infected by H. pylori. Both types of H. pylori induce an increase in G-17 level, while type I H. pylori is the major strain that affects PG I and PG IIs level and PG I/PG II ratio in stepwise chronic gastric disease. The data provide insights into H. pylori infection status and indicate the necessity and urgency for bacteria eradication and disease prevention in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
| | - Jun-Bo Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
| | - Ying-Lei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Ya-Bin Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Qiong-Ya Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hai-Hui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Muhammad Noman Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Ling Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Chang-He Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan-Rui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Song-Ze Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Province, China
- Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
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Guo QY, Song WJ, Xu SY, Zang P, Lu B, Gu P, Shao JQ. [Correlation between serum bilirubin and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:3132-3138. [PMID: 31694103 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.40.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the correlation between serum bilirubin and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: A total of 369 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized at the Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital from April 2017 to October 2018 were enrolled, including 226 males and 143 females, with an average age of (54.6±12.1) years. According to cardiovascular reflex tests (CARTs), all the patients were divided into Non CAN group(149 patients without CAN) and CAN group (220 patients complicated with CAN). The difference of serum bilirubin levels between the two groups was compared. The differences of CARTs and the incidence of CAN were compared by tertiles of serum bilirubin levels. The binary logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Results: The serum total bilirubin [(9.28±2.74) μmol/L vs (11.08±2.98) μmol/L, P<0.001], direct bilirubin [(3.17±1.20) μmol/L vs (3.71±1.24) μmol/L, P<0.001] and indirect bilirubin levels [(6.11±1.89) μmol/L vs (7.37±2.10) μmol/L, P<0.001] in CAN group were significantly lower than that in Non CAN group. With the increase of serum bilirubin, the incidence of CAN decreased (P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum total bilirubin (OR=0.819, 95%CI: 0.744-0.901, P<0.001), direct bilirubin (OR=0.739, 95%CI: 0.601-0.908, P=0.004) and indirect bilirubin (OR=0.749, 95%CI: 0.653-0.860, P<0.001) were inversely correlated with the incidence of CAN. Conclusions: Within the physiological range, lower level of serum bilirubin is inversely correlated with the incidence of CAN. It is noteworthy to screen diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had a lower serum bilirubin level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
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Xu LL, Guo QY, Cai XY, Da ZY, Zhu HQ, Zhang LY, Su Y. [A cross-sectional study on application of glucocorticoid in systemic lupus erythematosus patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2017; 56:290-294. [PMID: 28355723 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the status of glucocorticoid application in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in China. Methods: Epidemiological survey was used. The SLE patients who met the 1997 classification criteria of American College of Rheumatology were enrolled. The usage of glucocorticoid and related adverse reactions were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 400 SLE patients were enrolled, including 35 men and 365 women. The average age was (37.4±14.0) years old, and the average duration of disease was (6.7±5.8) years. There were 310 patients using glucocorticoid as maintenance. Sixty-one percent (n=244) patients started using medium dose (prednisone 30-<60 mg/d) as the initial treatment of glucocorticoid, which lasted for(37±11)days.The time of drug duration in patients with low dose prednisone (7.5-<30 mg/d)and high dose (60-100 mg/d) was(92±20)and(17±3)days respectively (P<0.05 between 3 groups). However, patients receiving different initial dosage were of no discrepancy in the maintenance therapy. During maintenance, even though 51.0% (n=158) patients were on prednisone 2.5-5 mg/d, the duration of drug use in >5-10 mg/d groupwas longer[(29.9±3.3) months]. Patients with involvement of internal organs had a higher tendency to use 60-100 mg/d prednisone or pulse-dose therapy in the initial treatment, nevertheless these two groups had no difference of maintenance dosage. Among all 400 patients, 62 patients withdrew glucocorticoid, including 17 patients with disease remission (4.3%), 44 by self-withdrawal and one with adverse reaction. Conclusion: In China, the medium dosage of glucocorticoid is the most common initial treatment in patients with SLE.Prednisone 2.5-5 mg/d was the most common choicefor maintenance therapy. Currently, the proportion of glucocorticoid withdrawal remains low in SLE patients achieving remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Xu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Yan S, Zhang HH, Guo QY, Zhou LY, Ding SZ, Han SY, Zhang YR. Noninvasive models value to the diagnosis of esophageal varices in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:227-233. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i3.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the diagnostic value of noninvasive models for predicting severe esophageal varices in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
METHODS A total of 140 patients with chronic hepatitis B were included. All of them underwent endoscopic examination, routine blood tests, liver function tests, and blood coagulation tests. Aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) (AAR model) ratio, AST/platelet (PLT) ratio (APRI model), glutamyl transferase (GGT)/PLT ratio (GPRI model), GGT-PLT-ASB ratio (S-index model), age-PLT related index (API model), age-AST-international sensitivity index (INR)-PLT-ALT ratio (Fibro-Q model), and age-AST-INR-PLT ratio (King model) were evaluated. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for esophageal varices was used as the gold standard. The data were used to establish models for receiver operating curve analysis.
RESULTS The areas under the curve of AAR, GPRI, S-index, APRI, API, Fibro-Q, King's score, and Fibroscan in predicting severe esophageal varices were 0.430, 0.800, 0.801, 0.777, 0.612, 0.750, 0.804, and 0.890, respectively. The prediction performance of GPRI, S-index, King's score and Fibroscan was better with regard to higher sensitivity and specificity and better correlation, with Fibroscan performing best. The areas under the combination of Fibroscan and S-index/King's score/GPRI were 0.899 (P < 0.01), 0.892 (P < 0.01), and 0.891 (P < 0.01), respectively.
CONCLUSION Noninvasive examinations GPRI, S-index, King's score, and Fibroscan have good diagnostic performance for prediction of esophageal varices. Fibroscan combined with S-index/King's/GPRI has higher predictive value than Fibroscan alone, and can be used as a good alternative to endoscopy.
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Guo QY, Cao WL, Wang BJ, Wang ZB, Wang S, Bayin C. Development and application of Real-time PCR assay for detection of Theilera annulata infection in cattle in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Trop Biomed 2016; 33:27-34. [PMID: 33579138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Theileria annulata (T. annulata), the causative agent of tropical theileriosis, is a protozoan parasite that also causes lymphoproliferative diseases in cattle. Development of reliable and fast methods are necessary in the epidemiological investigation of T. annulata in ticks and animals. Real-time PCR possesses merits of rapidity, accuracy, reliability, automation and ease of standardization, which is widely used for the detection of blood borne parasites. In this study, species-specific primers and TaqMan probe were designed on the basis of the 18s rRNA gene sequence of T. annulata, and the real-time PCR assay was developed by optimizing the reaction parameter. The performance of real-time PCR was assessed by testing 47 blood samples from cattle and comparing with the results from conventional PCR. The results show that this real-time PCR assay could specifically detect 10 copies DNA of T. annulata, which is 10-fold sensitivity more than conventional PCR. No cross-reactions were observed with Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Trypanosoma evansi and Theileria equi. Of the 47 field samples collected from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, 36.17% were detected by real-time PCR, and 25.53% were found positive for T. annulata infection by conventional PCR. These results indicated that the real-time PCR assay is a useful approach for detecting T. annulata infections and has potential as an alternative tool for ecological and epidemiological surveillance of ovine theileriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830052, PR China
| | - W L Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830052, PR China
| | - B J Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830052, PR China
| | - Z B Wang
- Yili Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Yining, Xinjiang, 835000, PR China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, PR China
| | - Chahan Bayin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830052, PR China
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Yuan XL, Meng HY, Wang YC, Peng J, Guo QY, Wang AY, Lu SB. Bone-cartilage interface crosstalk in osteoarthritis: potential pathways and future therapeutic strategies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:1077-89. [PMID: 24928319 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Currently, osteoarthritis (OA) is considered a disease of the entire joint, which is not simply a process of wear and tear but rather abnormal remodelling and joint failure of an organ. The bone-cartilage interface is therefore a functioning synergistic unit, with a close physical association between subchondral bone and cartilage suggesting the existence of biochemical and molecular crosstalk across the OA interface. The crosstalk at the bone-cartilage interface may be elevated in OA in vivo and in vitro. Increased vascularisation and formation of microcracks associated with abnormal bone remodelling in joints during OA facilitate molecular transport from cartilage to bone and vice versa. Recent reports suggest that several critical signalling pathways and biological factors are key regulators and activate cellular and molecular processes in crosstalk among joint compartments. Therapeutic interventions including angiogenesis inhibitors, agonists/antagonists of molecules and drugs targeting bone remodelling are potential candidates for this interaction. This review summarised the premise for the presence of crosstalk in bone-cartilage interface as well as the current knowledge of the major signalling pathways and molecular interactions that regulate OA progression. A better understanding of crosstalk in bone-cartilage interface may lead to development of more effective strategies for treating OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - H Y Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - Y C Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - J Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - Q Y Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - A Y Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China.
| | - S B Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
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10
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Wang Z, Guo QY, Zhang XJ, Li X, Li WT, Ma XT, Ma LJ. Corilagin attenuates aerosol bleomycin-induced experimental lung injury. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:9762-79. [PMID: 24886817 PMCID: PMC4100119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15069762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressing lethal disease with few clinically effective therapies. Corilagin is a tannin derivative which shows anti-inflammatory and antifibrotics properties and is potentiated in treating IPF. Here, we investigated the effect of corilagin on lung injury following bleomycin exposure in an animal model of pulmonary fibrosis. Corilagin abrogated bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis as assessed by H&E; Masson's trichrome staining and lung hydroxyproline content in lung tissue. Corilagin reduced the number of apoptotic lung cells and prevented lung epithelial cells from membrane breakdown, effluence of lamellar bodies and thickening of the respiratory membrane. Bleomycin exposure induced expression of MDA, IKKα, phosphorylated IKKα (p-IKKα), NF-κB P65, TNF-α and IL-1β, and reduced I-κB expression in mice lung tissue or in BALF. These changes were reversed by high-dose corilagin (100 mg/kg i.p) more dramatically than by low dose (10 mg/kg i.p). Last, corilagin inhibits TGF-β1 production and α-SMA expression in lung tissue samples. Taken together, these findings confirmed that corilagin attenuates bleomycin-induced epithelial injury and fibrosis via inactivation of oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokine release and NF-κB and TGF-β1 signaling. Corilagin may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Qiong-Ya Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Xiao-Ju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Xi-Tao Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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11
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Zhu Y, Yuan M, Meng HY, Wang AY, Guo QY, Wang Y, Peng J. Basic science and clinical application of platelet-rich plasma for cartilage defects and osteoarthritis: a review. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:1627-37. [PMID: 23933379 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage defects (CDs) and the most common joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA), are characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage that ultimately leads to joint destruction. Current treatment strategies are inadequate: none results in restoration of fully functional hyaline cartilage, for uncertain long-term prognosis. Tissue engineering of cartilage with auto-cartilage cells or appropriate mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived cartilage cells is currently being investigated to search for new therapies. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous source of factors obtained by centrifugation, possesses various functions. For culture of MSCs and cartilage cells, it might be substituted for fetal bovine serum (FBS) with high efficiency and safety. It enhances the regeneration of cartilage cells when added to cartilage tissue engineering constructs for repairing CDs and as regenerative injection therapy for OA. But challenges also remain. Some of the growth factors (GFs) present in PRP have negative effects on the OA joint. It is therefore unlikely that a mix of GFs some of which have negative effects in the OA joint, as present in PRP, will be of benefit in OA. Future directions of PRP application may concentrate on seeking an appropriate and innocuous agent like anti-VEGF antibody that can modulate and control the effect of PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing 100853, China
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12
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Wei FL, Geng J, Guo J, Guo QY, Wang H, Liu DX, Zhang BJ, Wang CL. Metabolic changes of human dental pulp after rapid palatal expansion. Orthod Craniofac Res 2013; 16:185-92. [PMID: 23458154 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate rapid palatal expansion (RPE)-induced metabolic changes in human dental pulp by measuring the expression and activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST). METHODS mRNA and protein levels of AST in human dental pulp were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Furthermore, the activity of AST was measured by a full automatic biochemical analyzer. RESULTS AST mRNA and protein levels were found to be expressed in normal dental pulp. Moreover, the expression of AST was increased significantly after 14 days of RPE and then decreased at 1 month in retention. Three and 6 months after RPE, the AST expression level was gradually decreased to its baseline level. Similarly, AST activity was significantly elevated after 14 days of RPE, which was then down-regulated at 1 month in retention but was still kept at a higher level as compared with the control group. The enzymatic activity of AST was slowly decreased to its baseline level at 3 and 6 months in retention. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that significant reversible metabolic changes occurred in dental pulp during RPE, which revealed the high capacity of the pulp tissue for adaptation to this orthopedic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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13
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Zeng YC, Xue M, Chi F, Xu ZG, Fan GL, Fan YC, Zheng MH, Zhong WZ, Wang SL, Zhang ZY, Chen XD, Wu LN, Jin XY, Chen W, Li Q, Zhang XY, Xiao YP, Wu R, Guo QY. Serum levels of selenium in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer before and after radiotherapy. Cancer Radiother 2012; 16:179-82. [PMID: 22521871 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was to evaluate the influence of radiotherapy on the selenium serum levels of non-small cell cancer patients with brain metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS This prospective study included 95 non-small cell cancer patients with brain metastases treated by radiotherapy from December 2007 until November 2010. Plasma selenium levels were determined before and at the end of the radiotherapy. Age, body mass index (BMI), prior chemotherapy, pathological type and personal habits (smoking and alcoholism) were recorded for each patient. RESULTS The mean age was 63 years; the mean BMI was 27.6. Seventy-six patients (80%) were non-smokers. Sixty-two patients (65.3%) showed no drinking habits and 8 (8.4%) have no prior chemotherapy. Thirty-nine patients (41.1%) were adenocarcinoma, 51 (53.7%) were squamous cell carcinoma and five (5.3%) were large cell carcinoma. At the beginning of radiotherapy, the mean selenium level for all patients was 90.4 μg/l and after radiation this value dropped to 56.3 μg/l. Multivariate analysis showed statistically significant difference in the plasma selenium concentration before and after radiotherapy for age (P<0.001), BMI (P<0.001), smoking (P<0.001), alcoholism (P<0.001), prior chemotherapy (P<0.001) and pathological type (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Significant reduction in plasma levels of selenium was recorded in patients undergoing radiotherapy, suggesting attention to the nutritional status of this micronutrient and other antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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14
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Fan M, Peng J, Wang A, Zhang L, Liu B, Ren Z, Xu W, Sun J, Xu L, Xiao D, Qin L, Lu S, Wang Y, Guo QY. Emu model of full-range femoral head osteonecrosis induced focally by an alternating freezing and heating insult. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:187-98. [PMID: 21672321 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The emu, a large bipedal bird with hip joint biomechanics similar to humans, was used to establish an experimental model of femoral head osteonecrosis and subsequent femoral head collapse. Focal lesions were induced in 20 adult male emus using an alternating liquid nitrogen freezing and radiofrequency heating insult. At 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks post-surgery, hip magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. Before the emus were sacrificed, barium sulphate was infused to the lower extremity to study blood vessel distribution patterns. Femoral samples were scanned by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and evaluated histologically. Hip MRI showed changes from broad oedema to femoral head collapse. Emus developed a crippled gait from post-operative week 6. Micro-CT scans and histology showed human-like osteonecrotic changes with an impaired local blood supply. The protocol resulted in consistent full-range osteonecrosis of the femoral head that may serve as a model for testing potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fan
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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15
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Abstract
The release behaviour of aspirin from spray-congealed hydrogenated soybean oil micro-pellets of different sizes was studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of particle size of micro-pellets on the drug release profile and mechanism. Micro-pellets produced were sieved into several fractions and their drug content and dissolution profiles in two media were determined. The dissolution mechanism was studied by fitting the data to release kinetic models. Micro-pellets with high encapsulation efficiency were successfully produced. The micro-pellets were able to sustain the release of aspirin in pH 1.2 and pH 6.8 dissolution media. As particle size of micro-pellets increased, the drug release rate decreased. The drug release mechanism was affected by the size of micro-pellets. Micro-pellets in the range of 90-250 microm tended to follow the first order or Higuchi model. However, micro-pellets in the range of 250-355 microm were found to follow zero-order release model. This result showed that drug release could be modified by controlling the size of micro-pellets and that controlled release of drug might be achieved by using larger size micro-pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Guo
- National University of Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Yang X, Yang QQ, Guo QY, Yi CY, Mao HP, Lin JX, Jiang ZP, Yu XQ. Aeromonas salmonicida peritonitis after eating fish in a patient undergoing CAPD. Perit Dial Int 2008; 28:316-317. [PMID: 18474929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
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17
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Fan GG, Deng QL, Wu ZH, Guo QY. Usefulness of diffusion/perfusion-weighted MRI in patients with non-enhancing supratentorial brain gliomas: a valuable tool to predict tumour grading? Br J Radiol 2006; 79:652-8. [PMID: 16641420 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/25349497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
22 patients with non-enhancing supratentorial gliomas on contrast-enhanced MRI underwent both diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI (DWI/PWI) before surgical resection. 14 low-grade gliomas (WHO Grade I and II) and 8 anaplastic gliomas were verified histologically. Both apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) ratios were calculated on the solid portion of the tumour, on peritumoural area, as well as on the contralateral normal white matter, respectively. The results showed that lower ADC values were present in the solid portions of anaplastic gliomas, but not in low grade (p < 0.01). All ADC values in peritumoural regions of tumours were decreased compared with the contralateral normal white matter. However, there was no significant difference between anaplastic gliomas and low-grade gliomas. Meanwhile, higher rCBV ratios were present in both solid portions and peritumoural regions of anaplastic gliomas, but not in low grade gliomas (p < 0.01). In conclusion, non-enhancing brain gliomas with lower ADC values in the solid portions and higher rCBV ratios in both solid portions and peritumoural regions of tumours are significantly correlated with anaplasia. Therefore, DWI and PWI should be integrated in the diagnostic work-up of non-enhancing gliomas in order to predict grading.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Fan
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao St., Heping Dist., Shenyang, Liaoning,110004, People's Republic of China
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18
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Fan GG, Yu B, Quan SM, Sun BH, Guo QY. Potential of diffusion tensor MRI in the assessment of periventricular leukomalacia. Clin Radiol 2006; 61:358-64. [PMID: 16546466 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2005] [Revised: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 01/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and fibre tractography in the assessment of altered major white matter (WM) fibre tracts in periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve children (male:female = 7:5, age range 3-10 years; mean age = 6.5 years) who had suffered PVL were included in this study. Meanwhile, Twelve age-matched normal controls (male:female = 6:6, age range 4-12 years; mean age = 7.3 years) with normal MRI findings and no neurological abnormalities were recruited for comparison. DTI was performed with 15 different diffusion gradient directions and DTI colour maps were created from fractional anisotropy (FA) values and the three vector elements. To identify alteration of WM fibre tracts in patient of PVL quantitatively, FA values on diffusion tensor colour maps were compared between the patients and controls. Quantitative analysis was performed using the regions of interest (ROI) method settled on the central part of all identifiable WM fibres, including the corticospinal tract (CST) in the brainstem, middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP), medial lemniscus (ML), anterior/posterior limb of internal capsule (ICAL/ICPL), arcuate fasciculus (AF), posterior thalamic radiation (PTR), genu of corpus callosum (GCC), splenium of corpus callosum (SCC), corona radiata (CR), cingulum (CG), and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). The averaged FA value of each WM fibre was measured and summarized as the mean +/- standard deviation (SD). All data were analysed by paired Student's t-test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS Visual investigation of WM fibre tracts showed that the ICAL, brainstem CST, ML, MCP, and external capsule (EC) was similar in controls and subjects. However, the ICPL, AF, PTR, CR, CG, SLF and corpus callosum, were all attenuated in size. All 12 cases of PVL showed a significant mean FA reduction in the ICPL, AF, PTR, CR, CG, SLF, SCC, and GCC in comparison with the ipsilateral regions of healthy controls (p<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences of the ICAL, ML, MCP, and brainstem CST when analysed using a two-tailed Student's t-test for paired data (p>0.01). CONCLUSION DTI can provide more information for understanding the pathophysiology of motor disability and associated sensory handicap in PVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Fan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of China Medical University, Heping Dist, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Guo QY, Peng WX, Cheng HH, Ye RG, Lindholm B, Wang T. Hyaluronan preserves peritoneal membrane transport properties. Perit Dial Int 2001; 21:136-42. [PMID: 11330556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have shown that intraperitoneal (i.p.) addition of hyaluronan (HA) in a single dwell study in rat could increase peritoneal fluid removal by decreasing the peritoneal fluid absorption rate. In this study, we investigated the impact of repeated use of HA on peritoneal membrane transport characteristics. METHODS Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats received a once-daily i.p. injection of 25 mL 4.25% glucose dialysis solution without (HP group, n = 6) or with 0.025% HA (HA group, n = 6) for 1 week. Forty-eight hours after the last injection, a 4-hour dwell using 25 mL 4.25% glucose dialysis solution with i.p. volume marker and frequent dialysate and blood samplings was performed in each rat as well as in rats that did not receive any injection (control group, n = 8). RESULTS Although the i.p. volumes were significantly lower in the HP and HA groups compared to the control group, i.p. volume in the HA group was significantly higher than in the HP group. Net ultrafiltration at 4 hours was 5.6 +/- 1.3 mL, 10.2 +/- 1.8 mL, and 13.2 +/- 0.6 mL for the HP, HA, and control group, respectively. The peritoneal fluid absorption rate decreased by 45% in the HA group compared to the HP group. There was no significant difference in peritoneal fluid absorption rate between the HA and the control group. No difference was found in the direct lymphatic absorption rate between the HP and HA groups [0.010 +/- 0.003 mL/minute in the HP group and 0.011 +/- 0.004 mL/min in the HA group] although they were both higher than that of the control group (0.004 +/- 0.001 mL/min). The solute transport rates were in general significantly higher in the HP group compared to the HA and control groups, and there was no significant difference between the latter two groups, except that protein transport rate was significantly lower in the HA group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that (1) repeated exposure to hypertonic glucose-based dialysis solution results in increased peritoneal solute transport rates, as well as increased peritoneal fluid absorption rates; and (2) these changes, reflecting a highly permeable peritoneal membrane, were ameliorated by repeated i.p. addition of hyaluronan. The similar changes in the direct lymphatic absorption rate in rats that received daily i.p. injection of dialysis solution suggest that direct peritoneal lymphatic absorption was not influenced by hyaluronan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Guo
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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20
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Peng WX, Guo QY, Liu SM, Liu CZ, Lindholm B, Wang T. Comparison of three chronic dialysis models. Adv Perit Dial 2001; 16:51-4. [PMID: 11045261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The chronic peritoneal dialysis model is important for understanding the pathophysiology of peritoneal transport and for studying biocompatibility of peritoneal dialysis solutions. In this study, we compared three different chronic peritoneal dialysis models. A peritoneal catheter was placed in 23 male Sprague-Dawley rats, 12 of which had an intact omentum (model 1) and 11 of which received an omentectomy (model 2). Seven other rats, without a catheter, received a daily intraperitoneal injection (model 3). Each rat received a daily infusion of 25 mL of 3.86% glucose dialysis solution either through the catheter (models 1 and 2) or through injection (model 3) for 4 weeks. Then, a 4-hour dwell study using 3.86% glucose solution with an intraperitoneal volume marker and frequent dialysate and blood sampling was performed in each rat. The intraperitoneal volume was significantly lower in all the dialysis groups as compared to a control group (n = 6) in which the rats had no chronic dialysate exposure. The peritoneal fluid absorption rate, as well as the direct lymphatic absorption rate, was significantly higher in the three dialysis groups as compared to the control group. In general, no significant differences were seen in any of the parameters among the three dialysis models. Owing to catheter obstruction, three rats in model 1 and four rats in model 2 were lost during dialysis. Histological examination showed no significant differences among the three dialysis groups. Our results suggest that omentectomy may not be necessary in the chronic peritoneal dialysis model when using dialysate infusion and no drainage. Based on the present study, we think that perhaps model 1 may be the method of choice to test new peritoneal dialysis solutions. However, owing to its simplicity, model 3 could also be used if great care is taken to avoid puncturing the intestine or injecting into the abdominal wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- W X Peng
- Department of Nephrology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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21
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Zhong JH, Guo QY, Ye RG, Lindholm B, Wang T. Phospholipids in dialysate and the peritoneal surface layer. Adv Perit Dial 2001; 16:36-41. [PMID: 11045258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Dialysate concentration of phospholipids has been used to monitor peritoneal membrane status. However, we recently found that the peritoneum has a surface layer in which phospholipids may be the main constituent. Therefore, in this study, we compared the phospholipids composition of peritoneal dialysate and of the peritoneal surface in rats. Eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the study. Five rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 25 mL 4.25% glucose dialysis solution. After four hours, the rats were killed, and the dialysate was drained completely. Then 20 mL of Folch solution was infused into the peritoneal cavity for 30 seconds and drained completely. The other three rats received the Folch solution without dialysis. The effluent and Folch solution were then processed for phospholipids analysis using high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The total phospholipids content was ten times higher in the surface layer than in the dialysate effluent. In the effluent, four clearly different components were seen: lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), sphingomyelin (SM, 29%), phosphatidylcholine (PC, 66%), and phosphatidylinositol (PI, 4.5%). However, in the surface layer, as well as LPC, SM (20.6%), PHC (47%), and PI (6.3%), two additional components were seen, phosphatidylserine (PS, 17.1%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE, 8.9%). The quantity of phospholipids in the peritoneal surface of non dialyzed rats was similar to the total quantity of phospholipids (in effluent and in the peritoneal surface) of dialyzed rats. Our results suggest that: (1) a surface layer is present on the peritoneum; this layer could well be extracted by Folch solution; and, with appropriate incubation time, one can separate the surface layer without damaging the mesothelial cells; (2) the composition of phospholipids in the effluent is different from that in the peritoneal surface layer, which contains membrane phospholipids (PS and PE); (3) shielding from the peritoneal surface may be the main reason for the presence of phospholipids in the dialysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the characteristic features of pulmonary sequestration (PS), to evaluate the usefulness of various imaging modalities, and to find a rational approach to accurate diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with PS proved by operation and pathology were reviewed retrospectively. Plain chest films were done in all patients, bronchography in 3, sonography in 14, CT in 6 (including CT angiography in 1 case), MR in 8 (including MR angiography in 1 case) and aortography in 12 (including DSA in 1 case). RESULTS Plain chest films demonstrated a solid mass in 14 patients and a cystic mass in 10. Bronchograms showed displacement of adjacent bronchi with no filling of contrast medium within the lesion in 2 cases, while another case had a blind intermediate portion of the right bronchus (hypoplasia of middle and lower lobes associated with extralobar sequestration). Sonography demonstrated a solid lung mass in 12 cases and a solid mass with cystic areas in 2, and detected vessel-like structures within the mass or in its surroundings in 12. Doppler analysis showed arterial spectral wave confirming a feeding artery. CT revealed a solid mass in all patients, a mass with low density area in 4, and emphysema surrounding the mass in 3. MR imaging depicted anomalous arteries in all patients and venous drainage in 4 cases. Aortography demonstrated anomalous systemic arterial supply to the PS in all patients. In this series, 21 cases (87.5%) were correctly diagnosed preoperatively by the imaging modalities. CONCLUSION Plain chest films can provide a diagnostic clue to PS. Sonography, CT and MR are helpful for showing arterial blood supply and for making a definite diagnosis. We recommend a rational imaging approach for the diagnosis of PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Hang
- Department of Radiology, Second Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. of China
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23
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Ren JW, Bai Y, Guo QY, Zhang RC. [Studies on immobilization of suspension cells of peltate yam (Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H. Wright)]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1994; 19:529-31, 573. [PMID: 7811362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The suspension cells of D. zingiberensis were immobilized with 3% sodium alginate, and then cultured in MS+2, 4-D1.0 + 6-BA 0.1 at 25 degrees C for a long period of time. The culture fluid free from cells was extracted and analyzed by TLC. The result showed that the immobilized cells could secrete the main component of D. zingiberensis--diosgenin, but not consecutively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Ren
- Hubei Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Wuhan
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24
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Guo QY. [The effect of antipsychotic drugs on dopamine-receptors on caudate calf]. Zhonghua Shen Jing Jing Shen Ke Za Zhi 1992; 25:296-9, 317-8. [PMID: 1363315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Using radioligand receptor binding assay (RRA), dopamine receptor in the calf caudate were identified with 3H-Spiperone as radioactive ligand. The total number of maximal binding sites (Bmax), the equilibrium dissociation affinity (Kd), the concentrations of drug required to inhibited 50% specific binding (Ic50) and competitive inhibition constant (Ki) of antipsychotics in calf caudate were determined by sturative binding experiment and inhibitive binding experiment. The result showed the mean Bmax was 0.659 pmol/mg protein membrane and Kd was 0.31 nmol/L. Scatchard analysis denotes that it was hyperbole and there were two binding positions in calf caudte. Antipsychotics can inhibit 3H-Spiperone binding specifically the order of affinity constants (1/Ki) was Haloperdol and sulpiride, Chlorpromazine and Clozapin, Tranquis and Taractan. This abilities of drugs to compete with 3H-Spi binding will be used as basis of RRA for measuring blood levels of antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Guo
- Psychiatre Institute of Mental Health of Suzhou Psychiatry of Hospital, Jiangsu
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Sakaguchi H, Uchida H, Nishimura Y, Guo QY, Yoshimura H, Ohishi H. [Pharmacokinetic study of adriamycin in the emulsion mixed with lipiodol-difference resulting from composition and methods of preparation, and behavior after mesenteric arterial injection in rat]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1991; 18:1349-55. [PMID: 1648890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We experimentally investigated the pharmacokinetics of adriamycin (ADM) in a similar of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy (TAE) of hepatocellular carcinoma using emulsion of lipiodol (Lp) mixed with ADM followed by gelatin sponge, and the difference resulting from composition and method of preparation of the emulsion as well as behavior after mesenteric arterial injection in rat. In in vitro study, the emulsion with iopamidol (iopamiron 300 : IP) was more stable than with amidotrizoic acid (60% Urografin : UG). The highest stability was found in the mixing ratio of Lp. IP and distilled water at 1 : 0.42 : 0.08. Frequent pumping also made the emulsion more stable. But in optimally composed emulsion, pumping 20 or 50 times made no difference in the stability during 30 min. which may be longer than the time from preparation to injection time of the emulsion in clinical application. After injection of the emulsion into the mesenteric artery which may simulate injection into the hepatic artery in hepatocellular carcinoma, the arterial blood flow was suspended. In the peripheral arteries the emulsion separated into two phases of Lp and ADM solution, forming striped pattern, and Lp embolization of the peripheral artery persisted for over 45 min. while ADM extravasated. These findings suggest that after Lp-TAE, Lp maintains an embolizing effect while ADM penetrates into the surrounding tumor tissue, and that this is an underlying mechanism for the anti-cancer effect of Lp-TAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sakaguchi
- Dept. of Radiology and Oncoradiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Guo QY. [Atypical lymphocytes in schizophrenic patients]. Zhonghua Shen Jing Jing Shen Ke Za Zhi 1986; 19:185-7. [PMID: 3757639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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