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Gogia A, Byotra SP, Prakash V, Kumar S, Bhargava M, Kakar A, Beri R. Absolute lymphocyte count: A cost-effective method of monitoring HIV-infected individuals. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2011; 54:107-11. [DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.77349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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2
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Peterlana D, Puccetti A, Caramaschi P, Biasi D, Beri R, Simeoni S, Corrocher R, Lunardi C. Endothelin‐1 serum levels correlate with MCP‐1 but not with homocysteine plasma concentration in patients with systemic sclerosis. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 35:133-7. [PMID: 16641048 DOI: 10.1080/03009740500385584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether homocysteine (Hcy) plasma levels are correlated with molecules indicative of endothelial cell and fibroblast activation, including endothelin-1 (ET-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and -3 (MCP-1, MCP-3), in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS Eighty-two patients were enrolled in this study; the control group included 75 age- and sex-matched subjects. Plasma Hcy was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography; folic acid, and vitamin B(12) plasma levels were determined by a chemiluminescence method. ET-1, MCP-1, and MCP-3 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Analysis of the 677C-->T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digestion with the enzyme HinfI. RESULTS Hcy levels were lower in patients whereas ET-1 was significantly higher in patients and correlated with MCP-1. Stratification of the patients on the basis of Hcy levels was not associated with any statistical difference in the concentration of ET-1, MCP-1, and MCP-3. Patients with diffuse disease presented the highest levels of ET-1 and MCP-1. The distribution of the MTHFR genotypes was not different in patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS In SSc, Hcy plasma concentration does not influence ET-1, MCP-1, or MCP-3 levels. On the contrary, ET-1, a marker of vascular activation, correlates with MCP-1, a chemokine involved in the fibrotic process of SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Peterlana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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3
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Beri R, Chunduri S, Sweiss K, Peace DJ, Mactal-Haaf C, Dobogai LC, Shord S, Quigley JG, Chen YH, Mahmud N, Rondelli D. Reliability of a pretransplant i.v. BU test dose performed 2 weeks before myeloablative FluBu conditioning regimen. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 45:249-53. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2009.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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4
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Nimmagadda S, Sweiss K, Chunduri S, Beri R, Peace D, Quigley J, Dobogai L, Mahmud N, Rondelli D. Increased Mucositis in Patients Receiving Targeted Vs Non-Targeted IV Busulfan Prior to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.12.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Tinazzi E, Puccetti A, Gerli R, Rigo A, Migliorini P, Simeoni S, Beri R, Dolcino M, Martinelli N, Corrocher R, Lunardi C. Serum DNase I, soluble Fas/FasL levels and cell surface Fas expression in patients with SLE: a possible explanation for the lack of efficacy of hrDNase I treatment. Int Immunol 2009; 21:237-43. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxn142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Royer JF, Schratl P, Carrillo JJ, Jupp R, Barker J, Weyman-Jones C, Beri R, Sargent C, Schmidt JA, Lang-Loidolt D, Heinemann A. A novel antagonist of prostaglandin D2 blocks the locomotion of eosinophils and basophils. Eur J Clin Invest 2008; 38:663-71. [PMID: 18837743 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2008.01989.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule of Th2 cells (CRTH2) has been shown to mediate the chemotaxis of eosinophils, basophils and Th2-type T lymphocytes. The major mast cell product prostaglandin (PG) D(2) is considered to be the principal ligand of CRTH2. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a novel CRTH2 antagonist, AZ11665362 [2,5-dimethyl-3-(8-methylquinolin-4-yl)-1H-indole-1-yl]acetic acid, and characterized its efficacy in binding assay in HEK293 cells, eosinophil and basophil shape change assay and migration assay, platelet aggregation and eosinophil release from guinea pig bone marrow. The effects were compared with ramatroban, the sole CRTH2 antagonist clinically available to date. RESULTS AZ11665362 bound with high affinity to human and guinea pig CRTH2 expressed in HEK293 cells and antagonized eosinophil and basophil shape change responses to PGD(2). AZ11665362 was without effect on the PGD(2)-induced inhibition of platelet aggregation. In contrast, AZ11665362 effectively inhibited the in vitro migration of human eosinophils and basophils towards PGD(2). The release of eosinophils from the isolated perfused hind limb of the guinea pig was potently stimulated by PGD(2), and this effect was prevented by AZ11665362. In all assays tested, AZ11665362 was at least 10 times more potent than ramatroban. CONCLUSIONS AZ11665362 is a potent CRTH2 antagonist that is capable of blocking the migration of eosinophils and basophils, and the rapid mobilization of eosinophils from bone marrow. AZ11665362 might hence be useful for the treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Royer
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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7
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Beri R, Chunduri S, Mactal-Haaf C, Sweiss K, Dobogai L, Hurter B, Shord S, Peace D, Rondelli D. 472: Pre-transplant Busulfan Test Dose is a Reliable Alternative to First Busulfan IV Dose for Pharmacokinetics Studies in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Chunduri S, Dobogai L, Peace D, Saunthararajah Y, Quigley J, Chen YH, Boccuni P, Hoffman R, Mahmud N, Beri R, Hurter E, Rondelli D. 230: Fludarabine/full dose I.V. busulfan conditioning regimen in allogeneic PBSC transplantation for high risk patients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2006.12.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Chunduri S, Dobogai LC, Peace D, Saunthararajah Y, Chen HY, Mahmud N, Quigley J, Hoffman R, Jessop E, Beri R, Rondelli D. Comparable kinetics of myeloablation between fludarabine/full-dose busulfan and fludarabine/melphalan conditioning regimens in allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 38:477-82. [PMID: 16980995 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fludarabine was utilized in the conditioning regimen of 30 adult patients undergoing an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. In 18 patients it was combined with full-dose busulfan (FluBu) as a myeloablative regimen and in 12 cases with melphalan (FluMel) as a reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen. Patients in the FluBu group were younger than in the FluMel group (P=0.03). Of 30 patients, 24 received peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) whereas six patients in the FluBu group received bone marrow cells. The hematological toxicity of each regimen was evaluated by analyzing the kinetics of the neutropenia induced by preparative regimens and the time to recovery of the absolute neutrophils count (ANC) and platelets post transplantation. In PBSC transplants, the median day of severe neutropenia (<500 ANC/microl) occurred on day +6 after the FluBu regimen and on day +3 after FluMel (P=ns), whereas both groups had a duration of severe neutropenia of 9 days and a comparable time for ANC and platelet engraftment. Extra-hematological toxicities were also comparable in the two groups. These findings suggest that the hematological and extra-hematological toxicities induced by fludarabine/full-dose i.v. busulfan are similar to those induced by a standard RIC regimen such as fludarabine/melphalan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chunduri
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7171, USA
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10
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Puccetti A, Bason C, Simeoni S, Millo E, Tinazzi E, Beri R, Peterlana D, Zanoni G, Senna G, Corrocher R, Lunardi C. In chronic idiopathic urticaria autoantibodies against Fc epsilonRII/CD23 induce histamine release via eosinophil activation. Clin Exp Allergy 2006; 35:1599-607. [PMID: 16393326 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic idiopathic urticaria is a common skin disorder characterized by recurrent, transitory, itchy weals for more than 6 weeks. An autoimmune origin has been suggested based on the findings of auto-antibodies (Abs) directed against either the alpha subunit of the high-affinity IgE receptor or the IgE molecule in nearly half of the patients. OBJECTIVE To identify other autoantigen targets in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. METHODS We used pooled IgG derived from 133 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria to screen a random peptide library to identify disease-relevant autoantigen peptides. Among the identified peptides, one was recognized by the vast majority of patients' sera. Abs against this peptide were affinity purified from the patients' sera and assayed for their ability to induce histamine release from basophils. RESULTS We identified a peptide that showed similarity with the low-affinity IgE receptor (Fc epsilonRII/CD23) expressed on lymphomonocytes and eosinophils. Anti-peptide IgG Abs purified from the patients' sera bound cell surface CD23 and were able to induce histamine release from basophils. This effect appeared to be mediated by the release of major basic protein from eosinophils upon engagement of CD23. The same effects were obtained with the sera from mice immunized with the CD23 peptide. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria have Abs against CD23 and that eosinophils, which infiltrate the skin of these patients, play a crucial role in maintaining the disease through the release of major basic protein upon engagement of the low-affinity IgE receptor by such auto-Abs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Puccetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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11
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Ciurea S, Beri R, Dobogai L, Chunduri S, Mahmud N, Rondelli D, Peace D. The use of blood conservation methods in addition to erythropoietin allows myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation without the use of blood products. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 37:325-7. [PMID: 16314850 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Sartoris S, Brendolan A, Degola A, Testi MG, Chignola R, Scarpa A, Scardoni M, Contreas G, Pinelli L, Lunardi C, Beri R, Pera C, Ferrara GB, Riviera AP, Tridente G, Andrighetto G. Analysis of CIITA encoding AIR-1 gene promoters in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis patients from the northeast of Italy: absence of sequence variability. Hum Immunol 2000; 61:599-604. [PMID: 10825588 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(00)00121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Qualitative and/or quantitative alterations in the expression of the MHC class II molecules affect the onset and maintenance of the immune response and may be the basis of a wide variety of disease states, such as autoimmunity and immunodeficiency.CIITA is a major physiological regulator of the expression of MHC class II genes. The availability of CIITA ap- pears generally essential for MHC class II gene expression, and hence its own transcriptional regulatory mechanisms result of fundamental importance for a correct homeostasis of the immune response. Therefore, it is possible to hypothesize that variability at the CIITA-encoding locus, AIR-1, could constitute an additional source of susceptible traits to autoimmune diseases. Mutations at AIR-1/CIITA promoters could modulate expression of CIITA. Variations in CIITA expression could influence the qualitative and quantitative expression of MHC class II molecules at cell surface. We have analyzed sequence variation at AIR-1/CIITA promoters by PCR-SSCP in 23 IDDM and 30 RA patients compared to a sample of 19 unaffected normal controls and 16 unaffected IDDM family members, for a total of 88 Caucasian subjects from the Northeast of Italy. No sequence difference was found at the four AIR-1/CIITA promoters between autoimmune patients and normal controls. Moreover, the promoters resulted invariant within the entire group of 88 subjects analyzed, comprising patients and controls. This finding suggests a possible selective advantage in maintaining CIITA upstream regulatory sequences invariant.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sartoris
- Dipartimento di Patologia, sezione di Immunologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia dell'Università di Verona, Verona, Italy.
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13
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Trim JE, Samra SK, Arthur MJ, Wright MC, McAulay M, Beri R, Mann DA. Upstream tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) element-1, a novel and essential regulatory DNA motif in the human TIMP-1 gene promoter, directly interacts with a 30-kDa nuclear protein. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:6657-63. [PMID: 10692475 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.9.6657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) protein and mRNA has been reported in human diseases including cancers and tissue fibrosis. Regulation of TIMP-1 gene expression is mainly mediated at the level of gene transcription and involves the activation of several well known transcription factors including those belonging to the AP-1, STAT, and Pea3/Ets families. In the current study, we have used DNase-1 footprinting to identify a new regulatory element (5'-TGTGGTTTCCG-3') present in the human TIMP-1 gene promoter. Mutagenesis and transfection studies in culture-activated rat hepatic stellate cells and the human Jurkat T cell line demonstrated that the new element named upstream TIMP-1 element-1 (UTE-1) is essential for transcriptional activity of the human TIMP-1 promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay studies revealed that UTE-1 can form protein-DNA complexes of distinct mobilities with nuclear extracts from a variety of mammalian cell types and showed that induction of a high mobility UTE-1 complex is associated with culture activation of freshly isolated rat hepatic stellate cells. A combination of UV-cross-linking and Southwestern blotting techniques demonstrated that UTE-1 directly interacts with a 30-kDa nuclear protein that appears to be present in all cell types tested. We conclude that UTE-1 is a novel regulatory element that in combination with its cellular binding proteins may be an important component of the mechanisms controlling TIMP-1 expression in normal and pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Trim
- Liver Research Group, Division of Cell and Molecular Medicine, South Academic Block, Level D, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, Hampshire SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
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Capra F, De Maria E, Lunardi C, Marchiori L, Mezzelani P, Beri R, Gabrielli GB. Serum level of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in patients with chronic liver disease related to hepatitis C virus: A prognostic marker for responses to interferon treatment. J Infect Dis 2000; 181:425-31. [PMID: 10669322 DOI: 10.1086/315265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is a marker of inflammation and tissue damage. Levels of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) were measured in 71 patients with chronic C hepatitis treated with interferon (IFN)-alpha-2a, at baseline and at every 3 months of therapy, and in 42 normal control subjects. The levels of sICAM-1 were significantly higher in the patient than in the control subject group, particularly among cirrhotics. Baseline sICAM-1 levels were similar in responders and nonresponders. By contrast, the concentration of sICAM-1 decreased significantly only in responders during the first 3 months of therapy. The probability of response to treatment, analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, was much higher in the group showing a decrease of sICAM-1 than in the patients who did not show such a decrease. In conclusion, a "longitudinal" evaluation of serum levels of sICAM-1 in the first period of treatment is particularly useful in the identification of patients with high significant probability of response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Capra
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Verona, Medicina Interna A, Policlinico Borgo Roma, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Abstract
Synthetic androgens exhibit estrogenic/antiestrogenic and progestational activities in addition to their androgenic effects. To investigate the pharmacological action of the synthetic androgen, 7alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENT), we examined its action in female rodents. The criteria employed for estrogenic/antiestrogenic effects were, uterine weight increase, vaginal cornification, induction of progesterone receptors (PR) synthesis and stimulation of peroxidase activity in the uteri of ovariectomized rats and mice. MENT increased uterine weight in a dose dependent manner, but did not cause vaginal cornification or stimulate PR synthesis in the uterus. The uterotropic activity of MENT was 200-fold lower than that of estradiol. Estrogen receptor (ER) bound [3H]-E2 was displaced by E2 and MENT with ED50 values of 70 pg and 250 ng, respectively, a 3,500 fold difference in their binding affinity. The low binding of MENT to ER, in contrast to its relatively high uterotropic action, suggested that receptors other than ER may be involved in its action on the uterus. The progestational activity of MENT in immature rabbits using the McPhail index assay was comparable to that of progesterone. Binding affinities of MENT and progesterone to PR were also comparable. However, the action of MENT on the uterus does not seem to be a progestational effect since mifepristone, an antiprogestin, had no effect on MENT-induced uterine growth. Specific androgen receptors (AR) in uterine cytosol were demonstrated. The involvement of AR in MENT action was confirmed by using an antiandrogen (flutamide) and an antiestrogen (ICI-182) in ovariectomized mice. Although MENT did not block the uterotropic effect of E2, it inhibited the E2-induced cornification of vaginal epithelium, induction of uterine PR synthesis and increase in uterine peroxidase activity in ovariectomized rats. The antiestrogenic effect of MENT was also blocked by flutamide. These results suggest that the uterotropic and antiestrogenic effects of androgens are mediated via AR. It is concluded that the increase in uterine weight caused by MENT is attributable to its anabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Beri
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Population Council, New York, NY 10021, USA
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16
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Borgato L, Beri R, Biasi D, Testoni R, Cugola L, Cerù S, De Sandre G, Lunardi C. Analysis of the T cell receptor repertoire in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1997; 15:475-9. [PMID: 9307853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether there is a restricted T cell receptor repertoire in rheumatoid synovium and to analyse the CDR3 region of the V beta families found to be more expressed in the synovial membrane than in the peripheral blood, in order to ascertain the presence of clonotypic expansion of T lymphocytes. METHODS The level of expression of individual V beta and V alpha families of the TCR was evaluated in paired synovial membrane and peripheral blood T cells from 8 female patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis, using the RT-PCR method. Nucleotide sequences of the CDR3 region of some V beta families were analysed in order to identify the presence of conserved sequences. Sequencing was carried out with the dideoxy chain termination method using modified T7 DNA polymerase. RESULTS All of the V alpha and V beta families were amplified in both compartments of the 8 patients. Four patients did not show any preferential expression of the TCR alpha or beta chains in synovium compared with peripheral blood. The other 4 patients showed increased expression of one or more V alpha and/or V beta families in the synovium. We did not find any correlation between the duration of disease, rheumatoid factor status, HLA-DR type and the V gene families which were elevated in the synovium. Analysis of the CDR3 region showed the presence of conserved amino acid sequences in the synovium, but not in the peripheral blood. CONCLUSION The V families found to be increased in 4 of the 8 patients studied were different, except for V beta 1 which was more highly expressed in 2 patients. The presence of conserved amino acid sequences in the CDR3 region is consistent with an antigen-driven T cell expansion at the site of autoimmune inflammation. These findings do not support our original hypothesis of the possible usefulness of therapy based on the inactivation or elimination of presumed pathogenic T cells using TCR-derived peptides or monoclonal antibodies against particular TCRs.
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MESH Headings
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Epitopes/analysis
- Female
- Gene Expression/immunology
- Histocompatibility Testing
- Humans
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Synovial Fluid/chemistry
- Synovial Fluid/cytology
- Synovial Fluid/immunology
- Synovial Membrane/chemistry
- Synovial Membrane/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- L Borgato
- Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
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17
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Beri R, Lourwood DL. Chemoprophylaxis for group B streptococcus transmission in neonates. Ann Pharmacother 1997; 31:110-2. [PMID: 8997476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
GBS causes infection in 1.35-5.4 neonates per 1000 live births. Early-onset GBS infection in neonates develops rapidly and has a high mortality rate. Preventing the transmission of GBS to neonates is of considerable value to avert neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although some controversy exists regarding who should receive chemoprophylaxis and when, AAP guidelines suggest that all pregnant women be screened between 26 and 28 weeks' gestation for GBS colonization by obtaining swabs form vagina and anorectal areas and culturing them or testing by rapid antigen test. According to the latest guidelines from the CDC, any pregnant woman who tests positive for GBS and who has one or more risk factors should be given intrapartum penicillin 5 million units i.v. as the first dose and then 2.5 million units q6h until delivery. Ampicillin, in a dosage of 2 g as the first dose and then 1 g every 4-6 hours may be used as an alternative. Patients who are allergic to penicillin can be given either erythromycin 500 mg i.v. q6h or clindamycin 600 mg i.v. q8h. The chemoprophylaxis is primarily effective for early-onset GBS infection; for late-onset infection, aggressive treatment of the neonate should be initiated promptly with ampicillin and gentamicin. Although many studies have been published that establish the efficacy of ampicillin for intrapartum GBS prophylaxis, there is a need for large-scale studies to show the efficacy of both erythromycin and clindamycin. Various vaccines are under development for maternal administration to prevent the transmission of GBS to neonates. When one is available, it will be an added weapon against GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Beri
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
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18
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Chandra R, Beri R, Sarkar A, Dhawan M. Chemotherapeutic properties of cobalt (II) and nickel (II) compounds: Effect on hepatic DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in rats. J Inorg Biochem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(93)85438-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Beri R, Chandra R. Chemistry and biology of heme. Effect of metal salts, organometals, and metalloporphyrins on heme synthesis and catabolism, with special reference to clinical implications and interactions with cytochrome P-450. Drug Metab Rev 1993; 25:49-152. [PMID: 8449148 DOI: 10.3109/03602539308993973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Although free porphyrins occur in nature in small quantities, no known function has been assigned to them. In contrast, heme and cobalamin, which are Fe and Co chelates of porphyrins or porphyrin derivatives, respectively, carry out crucial biological functions. Heme is the prosthetic group for a number of hemoproteins. These include myoglobin and hemoglobin, which carry out oxygen binding or transport; mitochondrial cytochromes aa3, b, c, and c3, which are important in transferring electrons; microsomal cytochrome P-450, which catalyzes mixed-function oxidations; catalase, which decomposes H2O2; peroxidase, which activates H2O2; and tryptophan pyrrolase, which catalyzes the oxidation of tryptophan. Recently, heme has also been shown to be the prosthetic group of prostaglandin and peroxide synthetase and indoleamine dioxygenase. The elegant studies of the biochemical pathway for the formation of heme demonstrated the arrangement in the porphyrin macrocycle of the carbon and nitrogen atoms originating from the eight glycine and the succinic acid molecule that are the precursors of porphyrins. There are eight enzymes involved in the synthesis of heme. The first and last three of these enzymes are localized in mitochondria, while the intermediate enzymes are localized in cytosol. The catalytic site of HMOX recognizes metalloporphyrins with central metal atoms other than iron; it favors some of these metalloporphyrins over heme as a potential substrate, sometimes by a large factor, permitting the synthetic heme analogue to serve as a potent competitive inhibitor of HMOX reaction. Since these synthetic metalloporphyrins do not bind molecular oxygen, they are not metabolically degraded by ring rupture and do not add to the body pool of bile pigment. One possible consequence of this competitive inhibition of heme degradation is suppression of bile pigment formation to such a degree that excessive plasma levels of bilirubin may be diminished. The studies of Drummond and Kappas (1981) and later studies in rats, mice, monkeys, and man, and also our studies have proved the latter phenomenon. The compound does not appear to affect the metabolic disposition of preformed bilirubin but inhibits biliary bilirubin excretion derived from the metabolism of endogenous or exogenous heme. Whether some of the effect of Sn-PP on naturally occurring or experimentally induced jaundice in animals reflects diversion of heme to nonheme to oxygenase-dependent pathways of heme metabolism, or whether a pathway which is normally latent becomes activated concurrent with HMOX inhibition is not known.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- R Beri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, India
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Beri R, Chandra R. Biliverdin reductase activity in relation to bilirubin. Biochem Soc Trans 1992; 20:353S. [PMID: 1487015 DOI: 10.1042/bst020353s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Beri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- R Beri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, India
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Chandra R, Beri R, Sarkar A. Antitumor activity of some metal complexes: effect on hepatic DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis in rats bearing transplanted tumors by Dalton's lymphoma cells. J Inorg Biochem 1992; 48:1-14. [PMID: 1382116 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(92)80047-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In order to ascertain the antitumor properties of metal complexes, we have investigated their effect on hepatic DNA, RNA pools, and protein levels in rats bearing transplanted tumors by Dalton's Lymphoma cells because antitumor agents are directed against DNA, RNA transcription, and synthesis. These coordination complexes have been synthesized by the condensation of 2,6-diacetylpyridine with FaHh and DAP-Th2, thereafter they were complexed with nickel, cobalt, and iron. The structure of these metal complexes have been elucidated on the basis of IR, UV, NMR, Mass, EPR, and magnetic studies. The tumor-transplanted rats were treated with these metal complexes and ligands (2 ml of 1 mM sol/Kg body weight, s.c.) for two weeks to study their effect on DNA, RNA pools, and protein levels. The metal complexes have altered the hepatic DNA, RNA pools, and protein levels in the liver, kidney, and spleen of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, India
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23
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Wilde RJ, Shufflebottom D, Cooke S, Jasinska I, Merryweather A, Beri R, Brammar WJ, Bevan M, Schuch W. Control of gene expression in tobacco cells using a bacterial operator-repressor system. EMBO J 1992; 11:1251-9. [PMID: 1563343 PMCID: PMC556573 DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the efficacy of using the Escherichia coli lac operator-repressor system to control plant gene expression. The lacI gene was modified to allow optimal expression in plant cells and then placed downstream of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S RNA promoter. This construct was introduced into tobacco plants by leaf disc transformation. Transgenic tobacco plants synthesized significant quantities of LacI protein (up to 0.06% of total soluble protein). We have used the E.coli beta-glucuronidase gene (gus) as the reporter gene by placing it downstream of the maize chlorophyll a/b binding protein (CAB) gene promoter. Lac operators were introduced into several positions within the CAB promoter and operator-free plasmid was used as control. Repression was assessed by comparing the transient expression from CAB-operator-gus reporter constructs in protoplasts expressing lac protein, with that in control cells not expressing the repressor. Repression varied between 10 and 90% with different operator positions. Transient assays were also performed in the presence of the inducer, isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG). In lacI protoplasts the presence of IPTG manifested itself in a 4.2-fold relief of repression. The study was extended to show regulation of expression in stable transformants. Tobacco transformants harbouring a CAB-operator-gus reporter construct and the lacI gene were shown to have repressed GUS levels, but in the presence of IPTG, repression was relieved 15-fold. We conclude that the lac repressor can enter the plant cell nucleus, find its cognate operator sequence in the chromatin to form a repressor--operator complex and effectively block transcription of a downstream gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Wilde
- ICI Joint Laboratory, University of Leicester, UK
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Beri R, Chandra R. Biochemical changes in liver function due to prolonged administration of co-protoporphyrin. Biochem Soc Trans 1991; 19:441S. [PMID: 1794558 DOI: 10.1042/bst019441s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Beri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, India
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Beri R, Chandra R. Hepatic membranolytic stability alteration by metalloporphins in rats. J Inorg Biochem 1991; 43:759-70. [PMID: 1779231 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(91)80047-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The mothers of experimental neonates were administered excess bilirubin for a month, and the neonates were suffering from hyperbilirubinemia. The studies were conducted on the effect of excess bilirubin and metalloporphyrins on plasma membrane and mitochondrial membrane. We have isolated, separated, and estimated phospholipids, and also assayed the activity of phospholipase A2 from whole liver and mitochondrial and microsomal fractions. Excess of bilirubin administration decreased the total phospholipid level and inhibited the phospholipase A2 activity. Cr-PP (chromium protoporphyrin) induces the phospholipase A2 activity which is inhibited by simultaneous bilirubin administration. However, Zn-PP (zinc protoporphyrin) and Mn-PP (manganese protoporphyrin) showed a reverse pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Beri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, India
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Beri R, Chandra R, Murti VV. Growth inhibition in vitro of Mycobacterium smegmatis by ten N-aryl glycyl hydrazides. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1990; 11:374. [PMID: 2104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
N-(4-amino-2-nitro-toluinyl) glycyl hydrazide and N-(biphenyl) glycyl hydrazide partially inhibited the growth of M smegmatis at 20 micrograms/ml and showed a total inhibition at 100 micrograms/ml. Replacement by a nitro or halogen group lowered the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Beri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, India
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