[Dyslipidemia and suicidal risk in patients with psychiatric disorders]

The aim of this work is to study the association between dyslipidemia and suicidal risk in patients with psychiatric pathology. Our study has involved 155 patients suffering from major depressive disorder and 124 schizophrenic patients aged 40.58±12.16 and 43.43±10.60 years, respectively. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and HDL-c were determined by enzymatic methods, LDL-c was calculated by the Friedewald formula. Plasma cholesterol level was significantly lower among suicidal schizophrenic or depressive patients. There were no significant differences in the others lipid levels. The results of our study suggest that total cholesterol values less than 3.59mmol/L could be an indicator of suicide vulnerability in patients with schizophrenia or major depressive disorder.

Is low total cholesterol levels associated with suicide attempt in depressive patients?

BACKGROUND

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have a high risk of suicide. Many pathophysiological factors involved in MDD and suicide such us a low cholesterol levels have been associated with MDD and increased vulnerability to suicide. In this study, we investigate the relation between lipid parameters and suicide risk in patients with MDD.

METHODS

Plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were determined in 160 patients meeting the DSM-IV-TR criteria for MDD (110 patients without suicidal behavior and 52 suicidal attempters) and 151 healthy controls.

RESULTS

A significant decrease in plasma cholesterol levels was observed in the group of suicidal depressive patients compared to those without suicidal behavior (p < 0.001). For the other lipid levels (triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol), there were no significant differences between suicidal and non-suicidal patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study showed a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol levels in suicidal patients. This result support the hypothesis of the association of low plasma cholesterol level and suicidal behavior in patients with major depressive disorder.