1
|
Sharan Kumar VG, Pajanivel R, Boratne AV, Vimal Raj R. Impact of dietary counselling on the nutritional status and quality of life among pulmonary tuberculosis patients - A randomized control trial. Indian J Tuberc 2022; 69:201-206. [PMID: 35379402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Undernutrition and TB have a bidirectional relationship, which is especially relevant in the Indian context. Undernutrition is an established risk factor for the progression of latent TB infection to active TB. Undernutrition at the population level contributes to an estimated 55% of annual TB incidence in India. TB leads to weight loss, wasting, and worsening of nutritional status. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the impact of dietary counselling on the nutritional status and the health-related quality of life of PTB patients. MATERIALS & METHOD This was an interventional study (randomized controlled trial) that involved patients with PTB. 46 patients (23 patients as experimental and 23 patients as a control group) were enrolled in the study from June 2019 to February 2020 and they were divided into 2 categories based on BMI (underweight and normal weight). The special dietary counselling was given to the experimental group patients and the normal protocol was followed with the control group. The patients were followed up, till completion of treatment i.e., 6 months from enrolment. RESULTS In our study, nearly half of the patients were underweight and DM was the predominant comorbidity. The BMI increased after dietary counselling in the experimental group than the control group (P = 0.0053) in underweight individuals. Total protein (P = 0.0025), and serum albumin (P = 0.0048) levels were found to be significantly improved in the experimental group. SGRQ symptom score (P = 0.0036) has significantly reduced in the experimental group in underweight individuals than the control group. CONCLUSION Personalized dietary counselling was found to have a positive impact on BMI, total protein, and albumin levels in the experimental group, especially in underweight individuals. Besides, the quality of life measured using SGRQ showed that symptom score were also significantly reduced in the experimental group than the control group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V G Sharan Kumar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth - Deemed to Be University, Pillayarkuppam, Puducherry, 607402, India.
| | - R Pajanivel
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth - Deemed to Be University, Pillayarkuppam, Puducherry, 607402, India
| | - Abhijit V Boratne
- Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth - Deemed to Be University, Pillayarkuppam, Puducherry, 607402, India
| | - R Vimal Raj
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth - Deemed to Be University, Pillayarkuppam, Puducherry, 607402, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vimal Raj R, Vinod Kumar K, Sugunan AP, Natarajaseenivasan K, Vijayachari P. Homologous microscopic agglutinating antibodies after natural infection with leptospires - results from a long term follow up of a cohort living in an endemic area. Pathog Glob Health 2017. [PMID: 28645237 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2017.1333782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Vimal Raj
- a Regional Medical Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , Port Blair , India
| | - K Vinod Kumar
- a Regional Medical Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , Port Blair , India
| | - A P Sugunan
- a Regional Medical Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , Port Blair , India
| | - K Natarajaseenivasan
- b Department of Microbiology , Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli , India
| | - P Vijayachari
- a Regional Medical Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis , Port Blair , India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vinod Kumar K, Lall C, Vimal Raj R, Vedhagiri K, Kartick C, Surya P, Natarajaseenivasan K, Vijayachari P. Overexpression of heat shock GroEL stress protein in leptospiral biofilm. Microb Pathog 2016; 102:8-11. [PMID: 27865827 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Leptospira is the causative agent of leptospirosis, which is an emerging zoonotic disease. Recent studies on Leptospira have demonstrated biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. The protein expressed in the biofilm was investigated by using SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting in combination with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The proteins expressed in Leptospira biofilm and planktonic cells was analyzed and compared. Among these proteins, one (60 kDa) was found to overexpress in biofilm as compared to the planktonic cells. MALDI-TOF analysis identified this protein as stress and heat shock chaperone GroEL. Our findings demonstrate that GroEL is associated with Leptospira biofilm. GroEL is conserved, highly immunogenic and a prominent stress response protein in pathogenic Leptospira spp., which may have clinical relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Vinod Kumar
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Chandan Lall
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - R Vimal Raj
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - K Vedhagiri
- National Hub for Healthcare Instrumentation Development (NHHID), Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - C Kartick
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - P Surya
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - K Natarajaseenivasan
- Bharathidasan University, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India
| | - P Vijayachari
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Epperla N, Pasquini M, Pierce K, Drobyski WR, Rizzo JD, Horowitz MM, Saber W, Zellner K, Ramirez S, Bartz K, Raj RV, Hari PN, Hamadani M. Salvage haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation for graft rejection following a prior haploidentical allograft. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:147-150. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
5
|
Lall C, Kumar KV, Raj RV, Vedhagiri K, Vijayachari P. Prevalence and Diversity of Leptospires in Different Ecological Niches of Urban and Rural Areas of South Andaman Island. Microbes Environ 2016; 31:79-82. [PMID: 26936796 PMCID: PMC4791121 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me15149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is an emerging disease around the globe. South Andaman Island is an endemic region for leptospirosis. We herein compared the prevalence of leptospires in urban and rural areas of South Andaman Island. The PCR detection and isolation of Leptospira revealed that pathogenic leptospires were prevalent in sewage water and household drainage water in urban areas and in paddy fields, vegetable field water, and stream water in rural areas. These results demonstrate that intermediates are ubiquitously present in the environment and may be responsible for asymptomatic infections, and also provide an insight into disease ecology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Lall
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vinod Kumar K, Lall C, Vimal Raj R, Vedhagiri K, Vijayachari P. Molecular detection of pathogenic leptospiral protein encoding gene (lipL32) in environmental aquatic biofilms. Lett Appl Microbiol 2016; 62:311-5. [PMID: 26643849 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease often encountered during post-monsoon season due to exposure with contaminated water. Leptospires have long been regarded as solitary organisms that persist in soil and aquatic environments. Here, the presence of leptospires in the aquatic biofilm exposed in the paddy field, sewers and stagnant rain water was demonstrated. Biofilm samples from paddy field water, submerged paddy leaves, sewers and stagnant rain waters from urban and rural areas were collected. Total genomic DNA was extracted and pathogenic leptospiral specific gene amplification was carried out to determine the spatial distribution of the bacteria. The degree of pathogenic Leptospira in biofilms from paddy field surface water, submerged leaf, were 33·3% and 27·2% respectively, whereas in rural and urban area, the sampling sites such as stagnant rain water, domestic sewer and collective sewers showed 11·1%, 13% and 16·6% with leptospires respectively. Higher proportion of pathogenic Leptospira in aquatic ecosystems, such as paddy field, could be one of the main factors for the occurrence of disease, more among the agricultural workers. This study would help to identify various survival strategies of leptospires in the environment and thus disease transmission. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Little is known regarding the mechanisms by which pathogenic leptospires persist in aqueous environment, outside the mammalian host. In this view this is the first report of the distribution of Leptospira in environmental biofilm such as sewers and paddy leaf surfaces. This ability of pathogenic Leptospira to survive in aquatic ecosystems especially in biofilms could be one of the main factors which facilitate its survival in the environment, and thus disease transmission among the risk groups, such as sewage and agriculture worker. This study will encourage researchers in the field to consider biofilm as an important factor, when detecting leptospires in environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Vinod Kumar
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - C Lall
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - R Vimal Raj
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - K Vedhagiri
- National Hub for Healthcare Instrumentation Development (NHHID), Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - P Vijayachari
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chander MP, Vinod Kumar K, Lall C, Vimal Raj R, Vijayachari P. GC/MS profiling, in vitro anti-leptospiral and haemolytic activities of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. used as a medicinal plant by Nicobarese of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:1190-2. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1046068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Punnam Chander
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - K. Vinod Kumar
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Chandan Lall
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - R. Vimal Raj
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - P. Vijayachari
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), WHO Collaborating Centre for Diagnosis, Reference, Research and Training in Leptospirosis, P.O. Box 13, Dollygunj, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vinod Kumar K, Lall C, Raj RV, Vedhagiri K, Vijayachari P. Coexistence and survival of pathogenic leptospires by formation of biofilm withAzospirillum. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015; 91:fiv051. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiv051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
9
|
Pushpangadan P, Rajasekharan S, Subramaniam A, Latha PG, Evans DA, Raj RV. Further on the pharmacology of trichopus zeylanicus. Anc Sci Life 1995; 14:127-35. [PMID: 22556689 PMCID: PMC3331231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/1994] [Accepted: 11/21/1994] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral administration of Trichopus zeylanicus to mice (0.5 ml of 2% water suspension / mouse) for 7 consecutive days markedly increased the number of thymocytes splenic lymphocytes, total blood leucocytes and peritoneal macrophages without any effect on Haemoglobin content and body weight. This increase in the proliferation of lymphocytes and macrophages could be one of the mechanism of T.zeylanicus induced immunomodulation. Treatment with T. zeylanicus protected mice from tumour cell growth when challenged with 0.5 million of EAC ascetic tumour cells / mouse. Studies on the gastrointestinal function of this drug showed that the drug slightly reduced intestinal motility as judged from charcoal movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pushpangadan
- Division of Ethnopharmacology and Ethnomedicine, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (T.B.G.R.I), Palode, Thiruvanthapuram - 695 562, Kerala, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|