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Rebeiro BM, Triambak S, Garrett PE, Ball GC, Brown BA, Menéndez J, Romeo B, Adsley P, Lenardo BG, Lindsay R, Bildstein V, Burbadge C, Coleman R, Diaz Varela A, Dubey R, Faestermann T, Hertenberger R, Kamil M, Leach KG, Natzke C, Nzobadila Ondze JC, Radich A, Rand E, Wirth HF. ^{138}Ba(d,α) Study of States in ^{136}Cs: Implications for New Physics Searches with Xenon Detectors. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:052501. [PMID: 37595245 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.052501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
We used the ^{138}Ba(d,α) reaction to carry out an in-depth study of states in ^{136}Cs, up to around 2.5 MeV. In this Letter, we place emphasis on hitherto unobserved states below the first 1^{+} level, which are important in the context of solar neutrino and fermionic dark matter (FDM) detection in large-scale xenon-based experiments. We identify for the first time candidate metastable states in ^{136}Cs, which would allow a real-time detection of solar neutrino and FDM events in xenon detectors, with high background suppression. Our results are also compared with shell-model calculations performed with three Hamiltonians that were previously used to evaluate the nuclear matrix element (NME) for ^{136}Xe neutrinoless double beta decay. We find that one of these Hamiltonians, which also systematically underestimates the NME compared with the others, dramatically fails to describe the observed low-energy ^{136}Cs spectrum, while the other two show reasonably good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Rebeiro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, P/B X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - S Triambak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, P/B X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - P E Garrett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, P/B X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - G C Ball
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - B A Brown
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1321, USA
| | - J Menéndez
- Department of Quantum Physics and Astrophysics and Institute of Cosmos Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Romeo
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - P Adsley
- Cyclotron Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - B G Lenardo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Lindsay
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, P/B X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - V Bildstein
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - C Burbadge
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - R Coleman
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - A Diaz Varela
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - R Dubey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, P/B X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Institute of Physics, University of Szczecin, 70-451 Szczecin, Poland
| | - T Faestermann
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Hertenberger
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Kamil
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, P/B X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - K G Leach
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - C Natzke
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - J C Nzobadila Ondze
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, P/B X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - A Radich
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - E Rand
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - H-F Wirth
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Bansal S, Singh M, Dubey RK, Panigrahi BK. Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm Based Deep Learning Model for Automated COVID-19 Detection Using Medical Image Data. J Med Biol Eng 2021; 41:678-689. [PMID: 34483791 PMCID: PMC8408308 DOI: 10.1007/s40846-021-00653-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In early 2020, the world is amid a significant pandemic due to the novel coronavirus disease outbreak, commonly called the COVID-19. Coronavirus is a lung infection disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2). Because of its high transmission rate, it is crucial to detect cases as soon as possible to effectively control the spread of this pandemic and treat patients in the early stages. RT-PCR-based kits are the current standard kits used for COVID-19 diagnosis, but these tests take much time despite their high precision. A faster automated diagnostic tool is required for the effective screening of COVID-19. Methods In this study, a new semi-supervised feature learning technique is proposed to screen COVID-19 patients using chest CT scans. The model proposed in this study uses a three-step architecture, consisting of a convolutional autoencoder based unsupervised feature extractor, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) based feature selector, and a Bagging Ensemble of support vector machines based binary classifier. The proposed architecture has been designed to provide precise and robust diagnostics for binary classification (COVID vs.nonCOVID). A dataset of 1252 COVID-19 CT scan images, collected from 60 patients, has been used to train and evaluate the model. Results The best performing classifier within 127 ms per image achieved an accuracy of 98.79%, the precision of 98.47%, area under curve of 0.998, and an F1 score of 98.85% on 497 test images. The proposed model outperforms the current state of the art COVID-19 diagnostic techniques in terms of speed and accuracy. Conclusion The experimental results prove the superiority of the proposed methodology in comparison to existing methods.The study also comprehensively compares various feature selection techniques and highlights the importance of feature selection in medical image data problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bansal
- Computer Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016 India
| | - M Singh
- Computer Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016 India
| | - R K Dubey
- Robert Bosch Engineering and Business Solutions Private Limited Head Office, 123, Hosur Rd, 7th Block, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560095 India
| | - B K Panigrahi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016 India
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Jhingan A, Saneesh N, Kumar M, Mahajan R, Thakur M, Kaur G, Kapoor K, Kumar N, Shareef M, Dubey R, Appannababu S, Prasad E, Singh H, Golda KS, Ahuja R, Behera BR, Sugathan P. Development of a time of flight spectrometer based on position sensitive multi-wire proportional counters for fission fragment mass distribution studies. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:033309. [PMID: 33820015 DOI: 10.1063/5.0029603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Characteristics and performance of a time of flight (TOF) spectrometer developed for performing fission mass distribution studies are presented. The spectrometer contains two TOF arms based on multi-wire proportional counters (MWPCs). Each arm has two MWPCs to form a start-stop detection system for TOF measurements. The start detector has an active area of 4 × 4 cm2. The stop detector is a two-dimensional position sensitive MWPC with an active area of 16 × 11 cm2. Salient features of the MWPCs are the use of reduced sub-millimeter wire pitches of 0.635 and 0.317 mm in the electrodes along with the use of gold plated tungsten wires of diameters 10 and 20 µm. A delay line for position electrodes is prepared using chip inductors and capacitors. Ten different configurations of MWPC were investigated for the start detector, which involved the use of three and four electrode geometries, use of different wire pitches, and use of aluminized mylar for timing electrodes. Performance results close to micro-channel plate detectors have been observed with some designs of MWPC, displaying rise times better than 2 ns with an estimated inherent time resolution of ∼100 ps FWHM. A position resolution of ∼1 mm (FWHM) has been observed. Design features of the MWPCs and their test performance results are described in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Jhingan
- Inter University Accelerator Centre, P.O. Box 10502, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - N Saneesh
- Inter University Accelerator Centre, P.O. Box 10502, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - M Kumar
- Inter University Accelerator Centre, P.O. Box 10502, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ruchi Mahajan
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Meenu Thakur
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - K Kapoor
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Physical and Astrophysics, Delhi University, Delhi 110007, India
| | - M Shareef
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - R Dubey
- Inter University Accelerator Centre, P.O. Box 10502, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - S Appannababu
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India
| | - E Prasad
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - Hardev Singh
- Department of Physics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, India
| | - K S Golda
- Inter University Accelerator Centre, P.O. Box 10502, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - R Ahuja
- Inter University Accelerator Centre, P.O. Box 10502, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - B R Behera
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Sugathan
- Inter University Accelerator Centre, P.O. Box 10502, New Delhi 110067, India
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Batra TK, Tilak MR, Pai E, Verma N, Gupta BK, Yadav G, Dubey RK, Francis NJ, Pandey M. Increased tracheostomy rates in head and neck cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 50:989-993. [PMID: 33358522 PMCID: PMC7834335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Surgical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed significantly, without supporting data. With increasing experience, a dichotomy of practice is emerging, challenging existing consensus guidelines. One such practice is elective tracheostomy. Here, we share our initial experience of head and neck cancer surgery in a COVID-19 tertiary care centre, emphasizing the evolved protocol of perioperative care when compared to pre-COVID-19 times. This was a prospective study of 21 patients with head and neck cancers undergoing surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to 193 historical controls. Changes in anaesthesia, surgery, and operating room practices were evaluated. A strict protocol was followed. One patient tested positive for COVID-19 preoperatively. There was a significant increase in pre-induction tracheostomies (28.6% vs 6.7%, P = 0.005), median hospital stay (10 vs 7 days, P = 0.001), and postponements of surgery (57.1% vs 27.5%, P = 0.01), along with a significant decrease in flap reconstructions (33.3% vs 59.6%, P = 0.03). There was no mortality and no difference in postoperative morbidity. No healthcare personnel became symptomatic for COVID-19 during this period. Tracheostomy is safe during the COVID-19 pandemic and rates have increased. Despite increased rescheduling of surgeries and longer hospital stays, definitive cancer care surgery has not been deferred and maximum patient and healthcare worker safety has been ensured.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Batra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - M R Tilak
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - E Pai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Verma
- Department of Anaesthesia, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - B K Gupta
- Department of Anaesthesia, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Yadav
- Department of Anaesthesia, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R K Dubey
- Department of Anaesthesia, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N J Francis
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Pandey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dubey R, Yadav A, Pawar A, Biswas A. Comparing the outcome of progenitor (CD34+) Cell dose calculated using ideal body weight to actual body weight on engraftment of neutrophils and platelets after PBSC transplant. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ramrakhiani N, Jain N, Dubey R, Sharma A, Kurapati S. Vasculitis and connective tissue disorders-study from Western India-A neurology perspective. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Singh L, Dubey R, Singh S, Goel R, Nair S, Singh PK. Measuring quality of antenatal care: a secondary analysis of national survey data from India. BJOG 2019; 126 Suppl 4:7-13. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Singh
- ICMR – National Institute of Medical StatisticsNew Delhi India
| | - R Dubey
- ICMR – National Institute of Medical StatisticsNew Delhi India
| | - S Singh
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Maternal and Child Health Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) New Delhi India
| | - R Goel
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Maternal and Child Health Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) New Delhi India
| | - S Nair
- ICMR – National Institute of Medical StatisticsNew Delhi India
| | - PK Singh
- Division of Preventive Oncology, ICMR – National Institute of Cancer Prevention and ResearchNoida India
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Dubey R, Asthana B, Kushwaha N, Pawar A, Biswas A, Yadav A, Marik A. A Novel approach for rbc depletion in abo incompatible allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplant using modified hydroxyethyl starch method. Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mok C, Dubey R, Adam E, MacLeod J. Divergent pathways of interzone and anlagen cell chondrogenesis during equine skeletal development. J Equine Vet Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kukreti K, Pandey L, Das M, Rastogi A, Dubey R, Sharma P. Prevalence of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Canine Population Across India. Arch Razi Inst 2018; 73:87-93. [PMID: 30242799 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2018.116616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Canine ehrlichiosis is a very important emerging disease in India. This study is the first attempt screening a large number of canines in India for the detection of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. In the present study, 510 blood samples of dogs were screened for the presence of Ehrlichia canis and other variants of Anaplasmataceae family by serological and molecular methods.Out of the 510 serum samples, 293 (57.5%) cases were found positive for the presence of E. canis antibodies through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, and 45 (8.8%) and 1 (0.2%) specimens were positive for E. canis and A. platys, respectively, based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the clinical samples of E. canis, the minimum detection limit for PCR was9 ng. In the immunofluorescence assay (IFA), the positive blood samples showed comparable results with those obtained from the commercially available dot ELISA kit (giving equivalent IFA titer). The results of sequencing were compared with other reported isolates in various regions of the world, and a phylogenetic relationship was established. The 16S rRNA region that was amplified and sequenced for E. canis and A. platys was highly conserved and so was another Vir B9 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kukreti
- Biotechnology Section, Central Military Veterinary Laboratory, remount Veterinary Corps, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh
| | - L Pandey
- St. Aloysius College, Jabalpur (MP), India.,St. Aloysius College, Jabalpur (MP), India
| | - M Das
- Biotechnology Section, Central Military Veterinary Laboratory, remount Veterinary Corps, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India
| | - A Rastogi
- Biotechnology Section, Central Military Veterinary Laboratory, remount Veterinary Corps, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India
| | - R Dubey
- Biotechnology Section, Central Military Veterinary Laboratory, remount Veterinary Corps, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India
| | - P Sharma
- Biotechnology Section, Central Military Veterinary Laboratory, remount Veterinary Corps, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India
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Tewari V, Somvanshi R, Trivedi R, Hussain M, Das Gupta H, Dubey R. Pure tethered cervical cord and review of literature. Asian J Neurosurg 2018; 13:72-74. [PMID: 29492126 PMCID: PMC5820900 DOI: 10.4103/1793-5482.224834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tethering of the spinal cord in the lumbosacral region with myelomeningocele is a well-known phenomenon. Only sporadic cases of tethering along the rest of the neuraxis, including the hindbrain, cervical, and thoracic spinal cord have been documented, always along with some associated congenital malformations (hydrocephalus, Chiari malformation, myelomeningocele, meningocele, hamartomatous stalk, spina bifida occulta, intramedullary lipoma, intradural fibrous adhesions, the fusion of the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae, split cord malformation, or low-lying cord). In this report, 14-year-old male developed symptoms related to tethering of the cervical spinal cord, but without any associated congenital malformations, that is the pure tethered cervical cord. This causes his moribund status and makes the manuscript unique and contributes to the hitherto literature. The authors discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and postoperative course of this entity. The uniqueness in treatment is that we have operated the case without the help of intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials and motor evoked potential from posterolateral approach under local anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Tewari
- Consultant Neurosurgeon, Mayo Hospital, Vikas Khand I, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Rituj Somvanshi
- Consultant Anasthetist, Mayo Hospital, Vikas Khand I, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Ravindra Trivedi
- Consultant Radiologist, MVT Diagnostics, Indiranagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Mazhar Hussain
- Director And Neurosurgeon, Sahara Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - H Das Gupta
- Consultant Urologist, Neuro Center, PSS Complex, Vishal Khand III, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - R Dubey
- Director, General Surgeon, Samarpan Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
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Vosoughi Lahijani B, Badri Ghavifekr H, Dubey R, Kim MS, Vartiainen I, Roussey M, Herzig HP. Experimental demonstration of critical coupling of whispering gallery mode cavities on a Bloch surface wave platform. Opt Lett 2017; 42:5137-5140. [PMID: 29240156 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.005137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate critical coupling of whispering gallery mode (WGM) disk resonators implemented on a Bloch surface wave platform using scanning near-field optical microscopy. The studied structure is a 60 nm thick TiO2 WGM disk cavity (radius of 100 μm) operating within the C-band telecommunication wavelength. An extinction ratio of 26 dB and a quality factor of 2200 are measured. Such a high extinction ratio verifies the critical coupling of the WGM resonator. This result paves the way to planar optical signal processing devices based on the proposed geometry, for which a critical coupling condition is a guarantee of optimum performance.
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Nigam R, Dubey R, Saraswat R, Sundaresh, Gaur AS, Loveson VJ. Ancient Indians (Harappan Settlement) were Aware of Tsunami/Storm Protection Measures:A New Interpretation of Thick Walls at Dholavira, Gujarat, India. CURR SCI INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v111/i12/2040-2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dubey R, Vosoughi Lahijani B, Barakat E, Häyrinen M, Roussey M, Kuittinen M, Herzig HP. Near-field characterization of a Bloch-surface-wave-based 2D disk resonator. Opt Lett 2016; 41:4867-4870. [PMID: 27805637 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.004867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first experimental investigation of a two-dimensional disk resonator on a dielectric multilayer platform sustaining Bloch surface waves. The disk resonator has been patterned into a few tens of nanometer thin (∼λ/25) titanium dioxide layer deposited on the top of the platform. We characterize the disk resonator by multi-heterodyne scanning near-field optical microscopy. The low loss characteristics of Bloch surface waves allowed us to reach a measured quality factor of 2×103 for a disk radius of 100 μm.
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Kaur G, Behera B, Jhingan A, Nayak B, Dubey R, Sharma P, Thakur M, Mahajan R, Saneesh N, Banerjee T, Khushboo, Kumar A, Mandal S, Saxena A, Sugathan P, Rowley N. Barrier distribution from 28Si+ 154Sm quasielastic scattering: Coupling effects in the fusion process. EPJ Web of Conferences 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201611708025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Dubey R, Sugathan P, Jhingan A, Kaur G, Mukul I, Siwal D, Saneesh N, Banerjee T, Yadav A, Thakur M, Mahajan R, Chaterjee M. Study of fusion-fission dynamics in 19F+ 238U reaction. EPJ Web of Conferences 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201611708023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Adhikari S, Basu C, Sugathan P, Jhingan A, Behera BR, Saneesh N, Kaur G, Thakur M, Mahajan R, Dubey R, Mitra AK. The study of 12C(α,γ) astrophysical reaction using 12C( 6Li,d) and 12C( 7Li,t) reaction at 20 MeV and in the framework of the potential model. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158600001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Mukul I, Sugathan P, Gehlot J, Mohanto G, Rhine Kumar AK, Mazumdar I, Kaur M, Madhavan N, Nath S, Dubey R, Banerjee T, Saneesh N, Gothe DA, Arumugam P, Roy A. Spin gated GDR widths at moderate temperatures. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158600029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gautam N, Dubey RK, Jayan A, Nepaune Y, Padmavathi P, Chaudhary S, Jha SK, Sinha AK. Comparative study of glycated hemoglobin by ion exchange chromatography and affinity binding nycocard reader in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nepal Med Coll J 2014; 16:103-8. [PMID: 26930724 DOI: pmid/26930724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients by two different methods namely Ion Exchange Chromatography and Affinity Binding Nycocard Reader. This is a cross-sectional study conducted on confirmed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (n = 100) who visited Out Patients Department of the Universal College of Medical Sciences Teaching hospital, Bhairahawa, Nepal from November 2012 to March 2013. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was done on the basis of their fasting (164.46 ± 45.33 mg/dl) and random (187.93 ± 78.02 mg/dl) serum glucose level along with clinical history highly suggestive of type 2 DM. The HbA1c values of (7.8 ± 1.9%) and (8.0 ± 2.2%) were found in DM patients as estimated by those two different methods respectively. The highest frequency was observed in HbA1c > 8.0% indicating maximum cases were under very poor glycemic control. However, there were no significant differences observed in HbA1c value showing both methods are comparable in nature and can be used in lab for ease of estimation. The significant raised in HbA1c indicates complications associated with DM and monitoring of therapy become hard for those patients. Despite having standard reference method for HbA1c determination, the availability of report at the time of the patient visit can be made easy by using Nycocard Reader and Ion Exchange Chromatography techniques without any delay in communicating glycemic control, clinical decision-making and changes in treatment regimen.
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Dixit S, Dubey R, Bhushan R. High-performance liquid chromatography for analytical and small-scale preparative separation of (R,S)-mexiletine using (S)-(—)-(N)-trifluoroacetyl-prolyl chloride and (1S)-(—)-camphanic chloride and recovery of native enantiomer by detagging. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.26.2014.4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Dubey R, Soon CS, Hsieh PJ. A blurring based model of peripheral vision predicts visual search performances. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Dubey R, Martini LG, Christie M. Duel-acting subcutaneous microemulsion formulation for improved migraine treatment with zolmitriptan and diclofenac: formulation and in vitro-in vivo characterization. AAPS J 2013; 16:214-20. [PMID: 24363199 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-013-9557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Subcutaneous triptan provides immediate analgesia in migraine and cluster headache but is limited by high pain recurrence due to rapid drug elimination. A dual-acting subcutaneous formulation providing immediate release of a triptan and slow but sustained release of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug may provide a longer duration of relief. A microemulsion-based technology has various advantages over other technically complex dosage forms. Oil-in-water microemulsions of zolmitriptan and diclofenac acid using Labrafac Lipophile, Tween 80, Capryol 90 and water were prepared. One formulation was characterised in vitro and found to have uniformly dispersed nanosized globules. The formulation provided differential release of zolmitriptan and diclofenac acid both in vitro as well as in vivo that may be potentially beneficial to migraine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dubey
- King's College London, Waterloo Campus, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK,
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Mukul I, Sugathan P, Mazumdar I, Gehlot J, Mohanto G, Kaur M, Rhine Kumar AK, Madhavan N, Nath S, Dubey R, Gothe DA, Arumugam P, Roy A. Giant Dipole Resonance in A ~ 144 mass region. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136301020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Stegemann S, Kopp S, Borchard G, Shah V, Senel S, Dubey R, Urbanetz N, Cittero M, Schoubben A, Hippchen C, Cade D, Fuglsang A, Morais J, Borgström L, Farshi F, Seyfang KH, Hermann R, van de Putte A, Klebovich I, Hincal A. Developing and advancing dry powder inhalation towards enhanced therapeutics. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 48:181-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Farelo F, Alqasemi R, Dubey R. Task-oriented control of a 9-DoF WMRA system for opening a spring-loaded door task. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot 2012; 2011:5975484. [PMID: 22275682 DOI: 10.1109/icorr.2011.5975484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A 9-Dof wheelchair mounted robotic arm system (WMRA) has been developed to assist wheelchair-bound persons with upper limb motion limitations to perform activities of daily living (ADL) tasks. In this paper, we utilize mobile manipulation control to keep the end-effector stationary while moving the base and vice versa. This allows easier execution of a group of pre-set ADL tasks including opening and holding a spring loaded door passing through by locking the end-effector position and orientation. Redundancy resolution is achieved by optimizing the manipulability measure while the ADL task is being performed. Combined mobility and manipulation is expanded in this work to turn the USF WMRA into a task-oriented robotic system.
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Dubey R, Wang LW, Figueira EC, Amjadi S, Brown TM, Younan NM, Wilcsek G, Francis IC. Management of marginal chalazia: a surgical approach. Br J Ophthalmol 2009; 95:590,596-7. [PMID: 19661071 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.146704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Dubey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of WalesHospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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Mishra LD, Rajkumar N, Singh SN, Dubey RK, Yadav G. A Comparative Study of Propofol and Isoflurane Anaesthesia using Butorphanol in Neurosurgery. Indian J Anaesth 2009; 53:324-9. [PMID: 20640141 PMCID: PMC2900124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Propofol and isoflurane have well proven roles as intravenous and inhalational anaesthetics respectively in neurosurgery. We conducted this study to know the outcome using butorphanol as an intraoperative analgesic. Sixty craniotomy patients randomly divided into two groups of 30 each were included in this study. Group A patients were induced and maintained with propofol. Group B patients were induced with thiopentone and maintained with isoflurane. All patients were administered 30mug.kg(-1) butorphanol intravenously 10 minutes before induction of anaesthesia, followed by slow injection of 30mug.kg(-1) midazolam. All were assessed for sedation, respiratory insufficiency, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and other side effects in the recovery room. We found no difference in demographic parameters between the groups. The fall in HR was maintained in the post induction / intubation period and throughout the intraoperative period in Group A, unlike Group B patients in whom it rose significantly following intubation. Butorphanol was found to be a safe intraoperative analgesic in neurosurgical patients. In addition, it was associated with statistically better haemodynamics and earlier recovery when used with propofol as compared to thiopentone-isoflurane anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- LD Mishra
- Professor and Head, Division of Neuroanaesthesia,Correspondence to: L D Mishra, Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Bananas Hindu, University, Varanasi-221 005,
| | - N Rajkumar
- P.G.Student, Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Bananas Hindu, University, Varanasi-221 005
| | - SN Singh
- P.G.Student, Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Bananas Hindu, University, Varanasi-221 005
| | - RK Dubey
- Lecturer, Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Bananas Hindu, University, Varanasi-221 005
| | - G Yadav
- Lecturer, Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Bananas Hindu, University, Varanasi-221 005
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Mishra N, Vilcek S, Rajukumar K, Dubey R, Tiwari A, Galav V, Pradhan HK. Identification of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 in yaks (Bos poephagus grunniens) in the Himalayan region. Res Vet Sci 2008; 84:507-10. [PMID: 17663013 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Since cattle are widely infected by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in India, we searched for pestivirus infection in yaks. Of 71 pure and crossbred yaks from Himalayan region, pestivirus antigen was detected by Ag-ELISA in three animals. Pestivirus in leukocyte and cell culture isolated virus samples originating from positive yaks was also confirmed by RT-PCR using panpestivirus specific primers selected from 5'-untranslated region (5' UTR). The 5' UTR, N(pro) and E2 regions were sequenced and used for genetic typing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that pestiviruses detected in three Himalayan yaks were similar genetically, belonging to BVDV-1. Antigenic characterisation of yak pestivirus also confirmed the typing as BVDV-1. This is the first report on the identification of BVDV type 1 in yaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mishra
- High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Anand Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 021, India.
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Mishra N, Dubey R, Rajukumar K, Tosh C, Tiwari A, Pitale SS, Pradhan HK. Genetic and antigenic characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 isolated from Indian goats (Capra hircus). Vet Microbiol 2007; 124:340-7. [PMID: 17509780 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2007] [Revised: 04/05/2007] [Accepted: 04/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type 1 is widely prevalent in Indian cattle. In a surveillance of randomly collected 562 blood samples from seven states during 2004-2006, BVDV type 2 was detected in two native Indian goats by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nRT-PCR). The virus isolated from them was classified antigenically as BVDV 2 on the basis of virus neutralization test and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies. Phylogenetic analysis of three different genomic regions, 5' un-translated region (5' UTR), E(rns) structural coding region and NS5B nonstructural coding region typed Indian goat isolate as BVDV 2a having close similarity with strains from North America and Europe suggesting its probable introduction through trade. It was placed in a separate clade within the 2a branch having unique mutations in E(rns) and NS5B region. This is the first report of BVDV 2 in India and only second time recorded in goat species. The isolation of BVDV 2 from goat warrants intensive surveillance in cattle and sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mishra
- High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Anand Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462021, India.
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Goyal R, Kumar G, Dubey R, Malakar PK. Management of Gastroschisis in a Peripheral Hospital. Med J Armed Forces India 2007; 63:392-3. [PMID: 27408063 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(07)80035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Goyal
- Graded Specialist (Anaesthesia), Base Hospital, Delhi
| | - G Kumar
- Classified Specialist (Surgery), Army Hospital (R&R), Delhi
| | - R Dubey
- Classified Specialist (Anaesthesia), 178 Military Hospital, C/o 99 APO
| | - P K Malakar
- Classified Specialist (Surgery), 164 Military Hospital, C/o 99 APO
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Leeners B, Twiehaus A, Dubey R, Imthurn B. Einfluss von Östrogen, Östrogenmetaboliten und ICI 182780 (Fulvestrant) auf das Wachstum von Endometriosezellen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-989167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Galav V, Mishra N, Dubey R, Rajukumar K, Pitale SS, Shrivastav AB, Pradhan HK. Pathogenicity of an Indian isolate of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1b in experimentally infected calves. Res Vet Sci 2007; 83:364-8. [PMID: 17383693 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2006] [Revised: 12/02/2006] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the pathogenicity of an Indian bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) 1b isolate in 7-9-months-old male calves. Infected (four) and control (two) calves were bled at three days interval for hematological, virological and serological studies until day 27. All infected calves developed respiratory illness, biphasic pyrexia, mild diarrhea, leucopenia and mild thrombocytopenia. Viraemia was demonstrated between 3 and 15dpi and the infected calves seroconverted by 15dpi. Prominent kidney lesions were endothelial cell swelling, proliferation of mesangial cells and podocytes leading to glomerular space obliteration. Degeneration and desquamation of cells lining seminiferous tubules were observed in two infected calves. Consolidation of lungs with interstitial pneumonia, mild gastroenteritis and systemic spread were also evident. It was concluded that Indian BVDV isolate induced moderate clinical disease in calves and glomerulonephritis resulting from acute BVDV infection was observed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Galav
- High Security Animal Disease Laboratory (HSADL), Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Anand Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462021, India
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Halve AK, Bhadauria D, Bhaskar B, Dubey R, Sharma V. Synthesis and In vitro efficacy of some halogenated imine derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.38476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Halve AK, Dubey R, Bhadauria D, Bhaskar B, Bhadauria R. Synthesis, antimicrobial screening and structure-activity relationship of some novel 2-hydroxy-5-(nitro-substituted phenylazo) benzylidine anilines. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.27831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Sharma C, Dubey R, Kumar H, Saha N. Food reduces the bioavailability of lamotrigine. Indian J Med Res 2005; 121:659-64. [PMID: 15937369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lamotrigine is a relatively newer antiepileptic drug used in the treatment of partial seizures. It has a narrow therapeutic index and hence the achieved blood level of the drug is closely related to the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. The bioavailability of lamotrigine is affected by food, hence the present study was done to investigate the effect of two types of food on the bioavailability of lamotrigine. METHODS A randomized, open-label, three treatment, three period, single dose and cross-over study was done in nine healthy male volunteers. A single dose of lamotrigine (100 mg) was administered at three occasions: after a north Indian diet (high calorie, high fat), after a south Indian diet (low calorie, low fat), and after an overnight fasting. Serial blood samples were collected up to 24 h post dose. Plasma lamotrigine concentrations were determined and pharmacokinetic parameters studied. RESULTS A statistically significant decrease in rate and extent of absorption was observed with north Indian diet and south Indian diet when compared with fasting group. Presence of both types of food causes decrease in mean values of C(max), AUC((0-t)), and AUC((0-alpha)) thus reducing the bioavailability of lamotrigine at significant level (P<0.05). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION Lamotrigine should be taken preferably in fasting condition, as presence of food (low fat, low calorie or high fat, high calorie) decreases the bioavailability to a significant extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Irshad M, Dubey R. Apolipoproteins and their role in different clinical conditions: an overview. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2005; 42:73-80. [PMID: 23923565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoproteins or apoproteins are a group of proteins associated with lipoproteins in different proportions and play significant roles in several diseases. Different types of apolipoproteins, including apolipoproteins A, B, C, D, E, H and J and their subclasses have been reported, in addition to a few more apolipoproteins reported recently. These proteins have varied, but definite roles in normal physiology in our body. Moreover, their blood levels have strong association with clinical conditions during different diseases and are used as diagnostic and prognostic markers and to compute index of risk for some serious disease entities. Present article gives an overview of the structural features, physiological significance and diagnostic and clinical implications of apolipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Irshad
- Clinical Biochemistry Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India.
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Verma SM, Arora H, Dubey R. Anti - inflammatory and sedative - hypnotic activity of the methanolic extract of the leaves of mentha arvensis. Anc Sci Life 2003; 23:95-9. [PMID: 22557118 PMCID: PMC3330963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2003] [Accepted: 07/16/2003] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mentha arvensis Linn, a plant used as traditional medicine and in perfumery, has now been explored for its pharmacological activities as an anti-inflammatory and also as sedativehypnotic plant drug. The methanolic extract of the leaves after being processed, was taken for the pharmacological study. Anti-inflammatory activity was carried out on albino rats. Further, the activity was compared to that of a standard anti-inflammatory drug - nimesulide and the percent inhibition of oedema determined. The sedative hypnotic activity, when carried out on mice, showed the potentiation of pentobarbitone induced sleeping time. The data of average recovery time was analyzed to show the standard deviation from the mean.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi – 835 215, India
| | - H. Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi – 835 215, India
| | - R. Dubey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi – 835 215, India
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Tofovic SP, Dubey RK, Jackson EK. 2-Hydroxyestradiol attenuates the development of obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and vascular and renal dysfunction in obese ZSF1 rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001; 299:973-7. [PMID: 11714885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A pandemic of obesity is contributing importantly to the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome characterized by hypertension, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. In turn, the metabolic syndrome is contributing to vascular disease and the accelerating epidemic of chronic renal failure. Currently, pharmacological approaches to attenuate obesity and its cardiovascular/renal sequelae are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 2-hydroxyestradiol, a metabolite of 17beta-estradiol with minimal estrogenic activity, on the development of obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and heart, vascular, and renal dysfunction in obese ZSF1 rats, a well-characterized genetic model of obesity and the metabolic syndrome with concomitant heart, vascular, and kidney disease. ZSF1 rats were treated, beginning at 12 weeks of age, for 26 weeks with vehicle or 2-hydroxyestradiol (10 microg/kg/h). At baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment, animals were placed in metabolic cages, and food intake, water intake, urine output, and urinary excretion of proteins and glucose were determined. Next, in fasting animals, plasma cholesterol was measured, an oral glucose tolerance test was conducted, and total glycated hemoglobin levels were determined. At the end of the study, animals were anesthetized and instrumented for assessment of heart performance, renal hemodynamics, and mesenteric vascular reactivity. 2-Hydroxyestradiol attenuated the development of obesity and improved endothelial function, decreased nephropathy, decreased the severity of diabetes, lowered arterial blood pressure, and reduced plasma cholesterol. 2-Hydroxyestradiol may be an important lead for the development of safe and effect drugs to attenuate obesity and its metabolic, vascular, and renal sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Tofovic
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
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Zacharia LC, Jackson EK, Gillespie DG, Dubey RK. Catecholamines abrogate antimitogenic effects of 2-hydroxyestradiol on human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001; 21:1745-50. [PMID: 11701460 DOI: 10.1161/hq1001.097064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated methylation of 2-hydroxyestradiol (endogenous estradiol metabolite) to 2-methoxyestradiol (angiogenesis inhibitor) may be responsible for the antimitogenic effects of 2-hydroxyestradiol on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Catecholamines are also substrates for COMT, and increased levels of catecholamines are associated with vasoocclusive disorders. We hypothesize that catecholamines may abrogate the vasoprotective effects of 2-hydroxyestradiol by competing for COMT and inhibiting 2-methoxyestradiol formation. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the antimitogenic effects of 0.001 to 0.1 micromol/L of 2-hydroxyestradiol on human aortic VSMC proliferation (cell number and DNA synthesis), collagen synthesis, and migration in the presence and absence of catecholamines. Norepinephrine, epinephrine, and isoproterenol concentration-dependently abrogated the inhibitory effects of 2-hydroxyestradiol on cell number, DNA synthesis, collagen synthesis, and cell migration. These modulatory/attenuating effects of catecholamines were not abrogated in the presence of the alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists, phentolamine mesylate and propranolol, respectively. In contrast to 2-hydroxyestradiol, the antimitogenic effects of 2-methoxyestradiol (0.1 micromol/L) were not attenuated by isoproterenol (1 micromol/L) or quercetin (competitive inhibitor of COMT, 10 micromol/L). Norepinephrine, epinephrine, and isoproterenol concentration-dependently (10 to 500 micromol/L) inhibited the metabolism of 2-hydroxyestradiol (0.25 to 2 micromol/L) to 2-methoxyestradiol, and the potency of the catecholamines to reverse 2-hydroxyestradiol-induced inhibition of VSMC proliferation, collagen synthesis, and migration was correlated with their ability to inhibit 2-methoxyestradiol formation. Our findings suggest that catecholamines within the vasculature may abrogate the anti-vaso-occlusive effects of estradiol and 2-hydroxyestradiol by blocking 2-methoxyestradiol formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Zacharia
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Abstract
17beta-estradiol (estradiol), the most abundant endogenous estrogen, affords cardiovascular protection. However, in a given cohort of postmenopausal women, estradiol replacement therapy provides cardiovascular protection in only a subset. The reasons for this variable action can only be understood once the mechanisms by which estradiol induces its cardiovascular protective effects are known. Because most biological effects of estradiol are mediated via estrogen receptors (ERs) and the heart and blood vessels contain both ER-alpha and ER-beta, the prevailing view is that ERs mediate estradiol-induced cardiovascular protection. However, recent findings that estradiol protects against vascular injury in arteries of mice lacking either ER-alpha or ER-beta seriously challenges this concept. Thus other non-ER mechanisms may be operative. Endogenous estradiol is enzymatically converted to several nonestrogenic metabolites, and some of these metabolites induce potent biological effects via ER-independent mechanisms. Therefore, it is conceivable that the cardiovascular protective effects of estradiol are mediated via its endogenous metabolites. On the basis of the evidence cited in this review, the cardiovascular protective effects of estradiol are both ER dependent and independent. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence regarding the cardiovascular protective effects of estradiol metabolites and to discuss the cellular, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Dubey
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Abstract
Adenosine exerts physiologically significant receptor-mediated effects on renal function. For example, adenosine participates in the regulation of preglomerular and postglomerular vascular resistances, glomerular filtration rate, renin release, epithelial transport, intrarenal inflammation, and growth of mesangial and vascular smooth muscle cells. It is important, therefore, to understand the mechanisms that generate extracellular adenosine within the kidney. In addition to three "classic" pathways of adenosine biosynthesis, contemporary studies are revealing a novel mechanism for renal adenosine production termed the "extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway." The extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway is defined as the egress of cAMP from cells during activation of adenylyl cyclase, followed by the extracellular conversion of cAMP to adenosine by the serial actions of ecto-phosphodiesterase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase. This mechanism of extracellular adenosine production may provide hormonal control of adenosine levels in the cell-surface biophase in which adenosine receptors reside. Tight coupling of the site of adenosine production to the site of adenosine receptors would permit a low-capacity mechanism of adenosine biosynthesis to have a large impact on adenosine receptor activation. The purposes of this review are to summarize the physiological roles of adenosine in the kidney; to describe the classic pathways of renal adenosine biosynthesis; to review the evidence for the existence of the extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway; and to describe possible physiological roles of the extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway, with particular emphasis on the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. edj+@pitt.edu
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47
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Han YY, Huang L, Jackson EK, Dubey RK, Gillepsie DG, Carcillo JA. Liposomal atp or NAD+ protects human endothelial cells from energy failure in a cell culture model of sepsis. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 2001; 110:107-16. [PMID: 12090349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis depletes intracellular stores of ATP and NAD+, leading to cellular energy failure. Liposome encapsulation improves intracellular delivery of bulky, charged molecules and substrates susceptible to extracellular enzyme degradation. We hypothesized that treatments with liposome encapsulated ATP or NAD+ would protect human endothelial cells exposed to endotoxin (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) from energy failure. Liposomal ATP and NAD+ were prepared by a modification of the thin film method. Human endothelial cells were exposed to LPS 50 microg/ml and IFN-gamma 50 ng/ml for 72 hours, and liposomal ATP and NAD+ treatments were dosed at 0 and 24 hours. Energy state was determined by rate of mitochondrial respiration as measured by WST-1 assay. Mitochondrial respiration significantly decreased to 57% +/- 3 of control in LPS/IFN-gamma exposed cells after 72 hours. Liposomal ATP (200 microM) and NAD+ (100 microM) completely reversed this respiratory depression while empty liposomes, free ATP (200 microM). and free NAD+ (100 microM) did not. These results support the hypothesis that treatments with liposome encapsulated ATP or NAD+ protect human endothelial cells from energy failure in a cell culture model of sepsis and potentially may provide a novel therapy for use in clinical sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
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48
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Takeda M, Phillips JK, Dubey R, Polson JW, Lipski J. Modulation of ACh-induced currents in rat adrenal chromaffin cells by ligands of alpha2 adrenergic and imidazoline receptors. Auton Neurosci 2001; 88:151-9. [PMID: 11474556 DOI: 10.1016/s1566-0702(01)00221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the alpha2-adrenergic receptors in the adrenal medulla, and to examine the mechanism by which clonidine and related drugs inhibit acetylcholine (ACh)-induced whole-cell currents in adrenal chromaffin cells. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) performed on punches of rat adrenal medulla demonstrated expression of mRNA for the 2A-, alpha2B- and alpha2C-adrenergic receptors. Similar experiments conducted with tissue punches obtained from the adrenal cortex did not reveal expression of these receptor subtypes. Whole-cell currents were recorded in isolated chromaffin cells using the perforated-patch configuration. ACh (50 microM) evoked inward currents with a peak amplitude of 117.8+/-9.3 pA (n = 45; Vhol = -60 mV). The currents were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner (0.5-50 microM) by clonidine, UK 14,304 and rilmenidine (agonists of alpha2/imidazoline receptors), as well as by SKF 86466 and efaroxan (antagonists). Adrenaline and noradrenaline (50-100 microM) had no significant effect. Thus, although the adrenal medulla expresses mRNA for the alpha2-adrenergic receptors, the lack of agonist-antagonist specificity observed in our whole-cell recordings (in the absence of intracellular dialysis) provides additional evidence against the possibility that these inhibitory effects are mediated by classical alpha2 or imidazoline receptor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takeda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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49
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Abstract
Our previous studies show that cardiac fibroblasts express the extracellular "cAMP-adenosine pathway," that is, the generation of adenosine from extracelluar cAMP. The goal of this study was to assess whether activation of the cAMP-adenosine pathway by stimulation of endogenous cAMP synthesis regulates cardiac fibroblast growth. Cardiac fibroblasts in 3D cultures were used as the model system. Treatment of cardiac fibroblasts with forskolin, isoproterenol, or norepinephrine increased cAMP production and extracellular levels of adenosine, and these effects were prevented by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (2',5'-dideoxyadenosine). Treatment with forskolin, isoproterenol, or norepinephrine for 24 hours inhibited DNA synthesis ((3)H-thymidine incorporation), and this effect was enhanced by combined inhibition of adenosine deaminase (erythro-9-[2-hydroxy-3-nonyl] adenine) plus adenosine kinase (iodotubercidin). Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase or adenosine receptors (1,3-dipropyl-8-p-sulfophenylxanthine or KF17837) prevented the effects of forskolin, isoproterenol, and norepinephrine on DNA synthesis. Forskolin also inhibited protein synthesis ((3)H-leucine incorporation) and cell proliferation, and these effects were blocked by adenosine receptor antagonism. Treatment of cardiac fibroblasts with norepinephrine for >48 hours but not <48 hours increased DNA synthesis, protein synthesis, and cell number. However, blockade of adenylyl cyclase or antagonism of adenosine receptors caused norepinephrine to induce proliferation in <48 hours. Our findings indicate that the endogenous cAMP-adenosine pathway regulates cardiac fibroblast growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Dubey
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2582, USA.
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50
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Phillips JK, Goodchild AK, Dubey R, Sesiashvili E, Takeda M, Chalmers J, Pilowsky PM, Lipski J. Differential expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in the rat ventrolateral medulla. J Comp Neurol 2001; 432:20-34. [PMID: 11241375 DOI: 10.1002/cne.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Adrenergic (C1) neurons located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla are considered a key component in the control of arterial blood pressure. Classically, C1 cells have been identified by their immunoreactivity for the catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and/or phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT). However, no studies have simultaneously demonstrated the expression of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) in these neurons. We examined the expression and colocalization of all four enzymes in the rat ventrolateral medulla using immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Retrograde tracer injected into thoracic spinal segments T2-T4 was used to identify bulbospinal neurons. Using fluorescence and confocal microscopy, most cells of the C1 group were shown to be double or triple labeled with TH, DBH, and PNMT, whereas only 65-78% were immunoreactive for AADC. Cells that lacked detectable immunoreactivity for AADC were located in the rostral C1 region, and approximately 50% were spinally projecting. Some cells in this area lacked DBH immunoreactivity (6.5-8.3%) but were positive for TH and/or PNMT. Small numbers of cells were immunoreactive for only one of the four enzymes. Numerous fibres that were immunoreactive for DBH but not for TH or PNMT were noted in the rostral C1 region. Single-cell RT-PCR analysis conducted on spinally projecting C1 neurons indicated that only 76.5% of cells that contained mRNA for TH, DBH, and PNMT contained detectable message for AADC. These experiments suggest that a proportion of C1 cells may not express all of the enzymes necessary for adrenaline synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Phillips
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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