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Santos RS, Zhang Y, Cotrufo MF, Hong M, Oliveira DMS, Damian JM, Cerri CEP. Simulating soil C dynamics under intensive agricultural systems and climate change scenarios in the Matopiba region, Brazil. J Environ Manage 2023; 347:119149. [PMID: 37783087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The recent agricultural expansion in the Matopiba region, Brazil's new agricultural frontier, has raised questions about the risk of increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) loss as large areas of native vegetation (NV; i.e., Cerrado biome) have been replaced by large-scale mechanized agriculture. Although sustainable managements, such as integrated crop-livestock (ICL) systems, are considered strategic to counterbalance the SOC loss associated with land-use change (LUC) while keeping food production, little is known about their long-term effects on SOC stocks in the Matopiba region. To this end, we used the DayCent model to simulate the effects of converting the management commonly used in this region, i.e., soybean-cotton rotation under no-tillage (NT), into ICL systems with distinct levels of intensification (e.g., crop rotations: soybean-pasture and soybean-pasture-cotton; soil and crop management: grass irrigation, scarification/harrowing, and length of grass cultivation) on long term SOC dynamics. Additionally, data from two projected climate scenarios: SSP2-4.5 [greenhouse gases emissions (GHG) will not change markedly over time and global temperature will increase by 2.0 °C by 2060] and SSP5-8.5 (marked changes in GHG emissions are expected to occur resulting in an increase of 2.4 and 4.4 °C in global temperature in the middle and at the end of the century) were included in our simulations to evaluate climate change effects on SOC dynamics in this region. Based on a 50-yr-time frame simulation, we observed that SOC stocks under ICL systems were, on average, 23% and 47% higher than in the NV (36.9 Mg ha-1) and soybean-cotton rotation under NT (30.9 Mg ha-1), respectively. Growing grasses interlaid with crops was crucial to increase SOC stocks even when disruptive soil practices were followed. Although the irrigation of grass resulted in an early increase of SOC stocks and a higher pasture stoking rate, it did not increase SOC stocks in the long term compared to non-irrigated treatments. The SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 climate scenarios had little effects on SOC dynamics in the simulated ICL systems. However, additional SOC loss (∼0.065 Mg ha-1 yr-1) is predicted to occur if the current management is not improved. These findings can help guide management decisions for the Matopiba region, Brazil, to alleviate the anthropogenic pressure associated with agriculture development. More broadly, they confirm that crop-livestock integration in croplands is a successful strategy to regenerate SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Santos
- Department of Soil Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture - University of São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil; Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
| | - Y Zhang
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
| | - M F Cotrufo
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA; Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
| | - M Hong
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
| | - D M S Oliveira
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa - Florestal, Road LMG 818 Km 06, Florestal, MG, 35690-000, Brazil
| | - J M Damian
- EMBRAPA Agricultura Digital, Campinas, SP, 13083-886, Brazil
| | - C E P Cerri
- Department of Soil Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture - University of São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-260, Brazil
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Santos RS, Sousa-Souto L. Nest refuse of Acromyrmex balzani (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) increases the plant vigor in Turnera subulata (Turneraceae). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e244732. [PMID: 34161460 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.244732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Some studies report the positive effect of organic residues from ant nests on soil properties and on the structure of the adjacent plant community in field experiments, but there is a gap about the effect on individual species. The purpose of the present study was to compare the soil nutrient content and the development of Turnera subulata Smith, an ornamental species, in the presence of the nest refuse (basically composed of fragments of grass leaves and the symbiotic fungus) produced by the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex balzani (Emery, 1890) or in control soil through a greenhouse pot experiment. The experiment was carried out with two treatments: control soil and soil with 25% of nest refuse. The plants were kept in 1L pots for 90 days. We evaluated the parameters: plant height, stem diameter, root length, number of leaves, dry weight of the root, dry and fresh aboveground biomass. Additionally, the relative chlorophyll content and leaf nutrients were used as nutritional parameters. As a result, plants that grew in the soil with nest refuse showed significant higher values of all parameters evaluated when compared to the control treatment (p < 0.001). We conclude that this biofertilizer contributed to the production of more vigorous plants, being able to act on the local dynamics of nutrients in the ecosystems where A. balzani occurs. As it is relatively abundant and easy to collect, the refuse of A. balzani has the potential to be used as an alternative substrate in the production of shortlife cycle plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Santos
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Departamento de Ecologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - L Sousa-Souto
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Departamento de Ecologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
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Santos Filho PVD, Santos RS, Leão SC, Duarte IX, Lima SO. Experimental evaluation of intra-abdominal adhesions comparing two different intraperitoneal meshes and the effect of a natural anti-inflammatory product on their formation. Acta Cir Bras 2021; 35:e351205. [PMID: 33503218 PMCID: PMC7819683 DOI: 10.1590/acb351205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In laparoscopic incisional hernia repair, meshes with a tissue-separating
barrier are positioned intraperitoneally. Despite this property, the close
contact between mesh and viscera involves a risk of adhesion formation. Some
natural products, such as red propolis (RP), could reduce these adhesions
owing to their anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to compare two
different intraperitoneal meshes with respect to their characteristics of
adhesion formation, histological findings and evaluate the role of RP in the
development of these adhesions. Methods: 40 Wistar rats received placement of two different meshes (Symbotex and
Dynamesh IPOM) on peritoneum. The animals were divided into two groups:
control group (mesh) and treatment group (mesh and RP). After 7 and 14 days,
20 animals of each group underwent midline laparotomy to determine the
adhesions and histological characteristics. Results: Out of the 40 animals, there were two deaths in the test group and two in the
control group. All animals in both groups developed adherence to the mesh.
At postoperative day (POD) 7, two Symbotex meshes presented firm adhesions
and at POD 14, two Dynamesh meshes had firm adhesions as well. The
comparison between the meshes under the effect of RP in relation to the
control group showed no statistical difference. Conclusions: Both meshes showed intraperitoneal adhesions in all evaluated samples with
similar results on the characteristics of adhesions. RP showed no effect on
the incidence or gradation of intraperitoneal adhesions with the mesh.
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Amorim Tomaz A, Bastos FIPM, Santos RS, Mossoko M. Challenges of ongoing Covid and Ebola epidemics amidst violence and other epidemics in DR Congo. Eur J Public Health 2020. [PMCID: PMC7543423 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The world has seen outbreaks of emergency and re-emergency of infectious diseases very often in the past years, many of them with devastating consequences for low-income countries with fragile or nonexistent health system, covid-19 being by now the last of a long series of global challenges. Although it is a huge challenge for the whole world, one country is facing it together with a current Ebola outbreak plus violence and some other diseases. The Democratic Republic of Congo is facing the immediate effects of both epidemics as illness and death, however its consequences at the political and economic level are usually more complex and may be protracted. Following the debate on why poor countries remain poor, it is maybe useful to rethink poverty and inequality keeping in mind Amartya Sen's seminal concepts: development must comprise freedom and respect for human rights and institutions at the price of fostering a vicious circle of (re)emerging diseases and structural violence. Ebola epidemics, that usually face some challenges when they happen alone, now together with malaria, measles, plague and covid, on top of violence in some areas, the disease sees its protocols harmed: for covid the orientation is to stay isolated, for Ebola the response includes tracking contacts. What means coming with a team to field to do the mapping in the middle of a confinement. The surveillance for such many epidemics on top of violence and humanitarian crisis makes the Democratic Republic of Congo one of the most worrying countries in terms of consequences of the Covid outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amorim Tomaz
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F I P M Bastos
- Institute of Communication and Scientific and Technological, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R S Santos
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Mossoko
- Epidemiology & Information Systems Management, Ministry of Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Coelho GR, Neto JPP, Barbosa FC, Santos RS, Brigatte P, Spencer PJ, Sampaio SC, D'Amélio F, Pimenta DC, Sciani JM. Hypanus americanus mucus: A new point of view about stingray immunity and toxins. Toxicon 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Barbosa TC, Nascimento LÉD, Bani C, Almeida T, Nery M, Santos RS, Menezes LRDO, Zielińska A, Fernandes AR, Cardoso JC, Jäguer A, Jäguer E, Sanchez-Lopez E, Nalone L, Souto EB, Severino P. Development, Cytotoxicity and Eye Irritation Profile of a New Sunscreen Formulation Based on Benzophenone-3-poly(ε-caprolactone) Nanocapsules. Toxics 2019; 7:toxics7040051. [PMID: 31546707 PMCID: PMC6958342 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7040051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to characterize the toxicological profile of a newly developed sunscreen formulation based on polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) loading benzophenone-3 (BZP3). NCs composed of poly(ε-caprolactone) carrot oil and Pluronic® F68 were produced by emulsification-diffusion method. Their mean particle size (Z-Ave) ranged from 280 to 420 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) was below 0.37, while zeta potential (ZP) reached about |+11 mV|. No cytotoxic effects were observed in L929 fibroblast cell line for the blank (i.e., non-loaded) NCs and BZP3-loaded NCs (BZP3-NCs). The semi-solid sunscreen formulation was stable over time (centrifugation testing) and exhibited non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior, which is typical of products for topical application onto the skin. The sun protection factor (SPF) value reached 8.84, when incorporating BZP3-NCs (SPF of 8.64) into the semi-solid formulation. A synergistic effect was also observed when combining the formulation ingredients of nanocapsules, i.e., SPF of carrot oil was 6.82, blank NCs was 6.84, and BZP3-loaded NCs was 8.64. From the hen’s egg-chorioallantoic membrane test (HET-CAM) test, the non-irritation profile of the developed formulations could also be confirmed. The obtained results show a promising use of poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules to be loaded with lipophilic sunscreens as benzophenone-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thallysson Carvalho Barbosa
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
| | - Lívia Éven Dias Nascimento
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Bani
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Avenida Marechal Rondon, São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Taline Almeida
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Nery
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Silva Santos
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
| | - Luana Renyelle de Oliveira Menezes
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
| | - Aleksandra Zielińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana Rita Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Juliana Cordeiro Cardoso
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
| | - Alessandro Jäguer
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Eliezer Jäguer
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Elena Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Luciana Nalone
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
| | - Eliana Barbosa Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Severino
- University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. MuriloDantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Tiradentes Institute, 150 Mt Vernon St, Dorchester, MA 02125, USA.
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Santos RS, Loureiro KC, Rezende PS, Andrade LN, de Melo Barbosa R, Santini A, Santos AC, Ferreira da Silva C, Souto EB, de Sousa DP, Amaral RG, Severino P. Innovative nanocompounds for cutaneous administration of classical antifungal drugs: a systematic review. J DERMATOL TREAT 2019; 30:617-626. [PMID: 29856232 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2018.1479726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine manipulates materials at atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale, with at least one dimension within the nanometer range, for biomedical applications. The resulting nanoparticles have been consistently shown beneficial effects for antifungal drugs delivery, overcoming the problems of low bioavailability and high toxicity of these drugs. Due to their unique features, namely the small mean particle size, nanoparticles contribute to the enhanced drug absorption and uptake by the target cells, potentiating the therapeutic drug effect. The topical route is desirable due to the adverse effects arising from oral administration. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of nano compounds for the current treatment of topical fungal infections. A special emphasis is given to the employment of lipid nanoparticles, due to their recognized efficacy, versatility, and biocompatibility, attracting the major attention as novel topical nanocompounds used for the administration of antifungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Silva Santos
- a Universidade Tiradentes - UNIT , Aracaju , Brazil.,b Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Nanomedicina (LNMed) Av. Murilo Dantas , Aracaju , Brazil
| | - Kahynna Cavalcante Loureiro
- a Universidade Tiradentes - UNIT , Aracaju , Brazil.,b Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Nanomedicina (LNMed) Av. Murilo Dantas , Aracaju , Brazil
| | - Polyana Santos Rezende
- a Universidade Tiradentes - UNIT , Aracaju , Brazil.,b Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Nanomedicina (LNMed) Av. Murilo Dantas , Aracaju , Brazil
| | - Luciana Nalone Andrade
- a Universidade Tiradentes - UNIT , Aracaju , Brazil.,b Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Nanomedicina (LNMed) Av. Murilo Dantas , Aracaju , Brazil
| | - Raquel de Melo Barbosa
- c Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Petrópolis , Brazil
| | - Antonello Santini
- d Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli "Federico II" , Napoli , Italy
| | - Ana Cláudia Santos
- e Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC) Polo das Ciências da Saúde Azinhaga de Santa Comba , Coimbra , Portugal.,f Institute for Innovation and Health Research, Group Genetics of Cognitive Dysfunction, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology , Porto , Portugal
| | - Classius Ferreira da Silva
- g Biotechnology Laboratory of Natural Products (BIONAT), Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo , Diadema , Brazil
| | - Eliana Barbosa Souto
- e Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC) Polo das Ciências da Saúde Azinhaga de Santa Comba , Coimbra , Portugal.,h REQUIMTE/LAQV Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal
| | | | | | - Patrícia Severino
- a Universidade Tiradentes - UNIT , Aracaju , Brazil.,b Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa Laboratório de Nanotecnologia e Nanomedicina (LNMed) Av. Murilo Dantas , Aracaju , Brazil
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Kiss T, Silva PL, Huhle R, Moraes L, Santos RS, Felix NS, Santos CL, Morales MM, Capelozzi VL, Kasper M, Pelosi P, Gama de Abreu M, Rocco PRM. Comparison of different degrees of variability in tidal volume to prevent deterioration of respiratory system elastance in experimental acute lung inflammation. Br J Anaesth 2018; 116:708-15. [PMID: 27106975 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aew093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variable ventilation improves respiratory function, but it is not known whether the amount of variability in tidal volume (VT) can be reduced in recruited lungs without a deterioration of respiratory system elastance. METHODS Acute lung inflammation was induced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide in 35 Wistar rats. Twenty-eight animals were anaesthetized and ventilated in volume-controlled mode. Lungs were recruited by random variation of VT (mean 6 ml kg(-1), coefficient of variation 30%, normal distribution) for 30 min. Animals were randomly assigned to different amounts of VT variability (n=7 for 90 min per group): 30, 15, 7.5, or 0%. Lung function, diffuse alveolar damage, and gene expression of biological markers associated with cell mechanical stress, inflammation, and fibrogenesis were assessed. Seven animals were not ventilated and served as controls for post-mortem analyses. RESULTS A VT variability of 30%, but not 15, 7.5, or 0%, prevented deterioration of respiratory system elastance [Mean (SD) -7.5 (8.7%), P<0.05; 21.1 (9.6%), P<0.05; 43.3 (25.9), P<0.05; and 41.2 (16.4), P<0.05, respectively]. Diffuse alveolar damage was lower with a VT variability of 30% than with 0% and without ventilation, because of reduced oedema and haemorrhage. A VT variability of 30, 15, or 7.5% reduced the gene expression of amphiregulin, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, and tumour necrosis factor α compared with a VT variability of 0%. CONCLUSIONS In this model of acute lung inflammation, a VT variability of 30%, compared with 15 and 7.5%, was necessary to avoid deterioration of respiratory system elastance and was not associated with lung histological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kiss
- Pulmonary Engineering Group, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P L Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R Huhle
- Pulmonary Engineering Group, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Moraes
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R S Santos
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N S Felix
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C L Santos
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M M Morales
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - V L Capelozzi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Kasper
- Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - P Pelosi
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Gama de Abreu
- Pulmonary Engineering Group, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - P R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Lima SO, Santos RS, Varjao LL. Reply. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68:316. [PMID: 29937039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Oliveira Lima
- Programa de Mestrado e Doutorado Saúde e Ambiente, Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Rafael Silva Santos
- Institute for Technology and Research, Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Lucas Leal Varjao
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
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Pádua MS, Santos RS, Labory CRG, Stein VC, Mendonça EG, Alves E, Paiva LV. Histodifferentiation of oil palm somatic embryo development at low auxin concentration. Protoplasma 2018; 255:285-295. [PMID: 28871411 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale propagation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.) is difficult due to its single apical meristem. Thus, obtaining plants is mainly through seed germination, and a long growing period is required before oil production is possible. An alternative to large-scale seedling production is indirect somatic embryogenesis. The aim of this study was to analyze the somatic embryogenesis process in oil palm (E. guineensis Jacq.) with amino acids and low concentrations of auxins. The Tenera hybrid was analyzed by cytochemical and ultrastructural methods and was used to regenerate oil palm plants. First, calli were induced in MS culture media supplemented with 2,4-D and picloram. Two types of calli were obtained, characterized by beige or translucent color. Beige calli had embryogenic characteristics, such as large nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and they were multiplied for 8 months in MM culture (half strength MS, 1 mg L-1 2,4-D, 2 mg L-1 2iP, 1 mg L-1 IBA, 250 mg L-1 citric acid, 10 mg L-1 cysteine, 100 mg L-1 inositol, 1 mg L-1 thiamine, 1 mg L-1 pyridoxine, 1 mg L-1 nicotinic acid, 1 mg L-1 glycine, 200 mg L-1 malt extract, and 100 mg L-1 casein hydrolysate). After multiplication, the MCB culture medium (half strength MS, supplemented with 0.25 mg L-1 NAA, 2 mg L-1 BAP, MM vitamins and 200 mg L-1 malt extract, and 100 mg L-1 casein hydrolysate) was the most efficient for embryo formation, showing meristematic centers with totipotent cells in histochemical analyses. The somatic embryos were developed and germinated in MG medium (half strength MS, 0.45 mg L-1 IAA, 0.25 mg L-1 BAP, and MM vitamins), transplanted into polyethylene tubes containing pine bark substrates, and acclimatized in a greenhouse, achieving a 97% survival rate. The use of picloram for callus induction and somatic embryogenesis is advantageous and multiplication in MM medium is an important step for increasing cell mass. The calli with light beige color and nodular structures have meristematic cells with dense cytoplasm and totipotential features that later give rise to protoderm, procambium, and ground meristem during the globular, cordiform, and torpedo embryogenesis phases. In MCB medium, the concentration of vitamins and amino acids are crucial for somatic embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Pádua
- Laboratório Central de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - R S Santos
- Laboratório Central de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - C R G Labory
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica e Ultra-estrutural, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - V C Stein
- Laboratório de Farmacobotânica e Plantas Medicinais, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu. Av. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400 - Chanandour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - E G Mendonça
- Instituto de Floresta/Departamento de Silvicultura, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 23897-000, Brazil
| | - E Alves
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica e Ultra-estrutural, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - L V Paiva
- Laboratório Central de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
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Melo Freire CA, Borges GA, Caldas DBM, Santos RS, Ignácio SA, Mazur RF. Marginal Adaptation and Quality of Interfaces in Lithium Disilicate Crowns — Influence of Manufacturing and Cementation Techniques. Oper Dent 2017; 42:185-195. [DOI: 10.2341/15-288-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Purpose: To evaluate the cement line thickness and the interface quality in milled or injected lithium disilicate ceramic restorations and their influence on marginal adaptation using different cement types and different adhesive cementation techniques.
Methods and Materials: Sixty-four bovine teeth were prepared for full crown restoration (7.0±0.5 mm in height, 8.0 mm in cervical diameter, and 4.2 mm in incisal diameter) and were divided into two groups: CAD/CAM automation technology, IPS e.max CAD (CAD), and isostatic injection by heat technology, IPS e.max Press (PRESS). RelyX ARC (ARC) and RelyX U200 resin cements were used as luting agents in two activation methods: initial self-activation and light pre-activation for one second (tack-cure). Next, the specimens were stored in distilled water at 23°C ± 2°C for 72 hours. The cement line thickness was measured in micrometers, and the interface quality received scores according to the characteristics and sealing aspects. The evaluations were performed with an optical microscope, and scanning electron microscope images were presented to demonstrate the various features found in the cement line. For the cement line thickness, data were analyzed with three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Games-Howell test (α=0.05). For the variable interface quality, the data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiple comparisons nonparametric Dunn test (α=0.05).
Results: The ANOVA presented statistical differences among the ceramic restoration manufacturing methods as well as a significant interaction between the manufacturing methods and types of cement (p<0.05). The U200 presented lower cement line thickness values when compared to the ARC with both cementation techniques (p<0.05). With regard to the interface quality, the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated statistical differences between the ceramic restoration manufacturing methods and cementation techniques. The PRESS ceramics obtained lower scores than did the CAD ceramics when using ARC cement (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Milled restorations cemented with self-adhesive resin cement resulted in a thinner cement line that is statistically different from that of CAD or pressed ceramics cemented with resin cement with adhesive application. No difference between one-second tack-cure and self-activation was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- CA Melo Freire
- Charles Antoine Melo Freire, DDS, MS, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - GA Borges
- Gilberto Antonio Borges, PhD, University of Uberaba, Clinical Restorative Dentistry, Postgraduate program, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - DBM Caldas
- Danilo Biazzetto de Menezes Caldas, PhD, private practice, Operative Dentistry, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - RS Santos
- Rafael Silva dos Santos, dental student, University of Uberaba, School of Dentistry, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - SA Ignácio
- Sérgio Aparecido Ignácio, PhD, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program—Statistics Program, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - RF Mazur
- Rui Fernando Mazur, PhD, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, School of Dentistry, Graduation Program, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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12
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Santos CL, Santos RS, Moraes L, Samary CS, Felix NS, Fiorio Júnior PL, Morales MM, Abreu MG, Pelosi P, Schanaider A, Silva PL, Rocco PRM. Effects of pressure control and pressure support ventilation on ventilator induced lung injury in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome with intra-abdominal hypertension. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4797610 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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13
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Stefanni S, Castilho R, Sala-Bozano M, Robalo JI, Francisco SM, Santos RS, Marques N, Brito A, Almada VC, Mariani S. Establishment of a coastal fish in the Azores: recent colonisation or sudden expansion of an ancient relict population? Heredity (Edinb) 2015; 115:527-37. [PMID: 26174025 PMCID: PMC4806900 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2015.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The processes and timescales associated with ocean-wide changes in the distribution
of marine species have intrigued biologists since Darwin's earliest insights
into biogeography. The Azores, a mid-Atlantic volcanic archipelago located
>1000 km off the European continental shelf, offers ideal opportunities to
investigate phylogeographic colonisation scenarios. The benthopelagic sparid fish
known as the common two-banded seabream (Diplodus vulgaris) is now
relatively common along the coastline of the Azores archipelago, but was virtually
absent before the 1990s. We employed a multiple genetic marker approach to test
whether the successful establishment of the Azorean population derives from a recent
colonisation from western continental/island populations or from the demographic
explosion of an ancient relict population. Results from nuclear and mtDNA sequences
show that all Atlantic and Mediterranean populations belong to the same phylogroup,
though microsatellite data indicate significant genetic divergence between the
Azorean sample and all other locations, as well as among Macaronesian, western
Iberian and Mediterranean regions. The results from Approximate Bayesian Computation
indicate that D. vulgaris has likely inhabited the Azores for ∼40
(95% confidence interval (CI): 5.5–83.6) to 52 (95% CI:
6.32–89.0) generations, corresponding to roughly 80–150 years, suggesting
near-contemporary colonisation, followed by a more recent demographic expansion that
could have been facilitated by changing climate conditions. Moreover, the lack of
previous records of this species over the past century, together with the absence of
lineage separation and the presence of relatively few private alleles, do not exclude
the possibility of an even more recent colonisation event.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stefanni
- CNR-ISSIA, Via de Marini 6, Genova, Italy.,LARSyS Associated Laboratory and Centre of IMAR of the University of the Azores, Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, Horta, Portugal
| | - R Castilho
- Centre of Marine Sciences, CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - M Sala-Bozano
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland, UK
| | - J I Robalo
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-IU, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S M Francisco
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-IU, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R S Santos
- LARSyS Associated Laboratory and Centre of IMAR of the University of the Azores, Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, Horta, Portugal
| | - N Marques
- LARSyS Associated Laboratory and Centre of IMAR of the University of the Azores, Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, Horta, Portugal
| | - A Brito
- BIOECOMAC, Departamento de Biología Animal (Ciencias Marinas), Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands
| | - V C Almada
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-IU, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Mariani
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Environment and Life Science, University of Salford, Salford, UK
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Moraes L, Samary C, Santos RS, Ornellas DS, Santos CL, Felix NS, Huhle R, Pelosi P, Gama de Abreu M, Silva PL, Rocco PRM. 0427. Respiratory effects of noisy ventilation depend on the etiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med Exp 2014. [PMCID: PMC4796162 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-2-s1-p25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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15
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Gouveia AF, Sczancoski JC, Ferrer MM, Lima AS, Santos MRMC, Li MS, Santos RS, Longo E, Cavalcante LS. Experimental and theoretical investigations of electronic structure and photoluminescence properties of β-Ag2MoO4 microcrystals. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:5589-99. [PMID: 24840935 DOI: 10.1021/ic500335x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate a correlation between theoretical calculations and experimental data to explain the electronic structure and optical properties of silver molybdate (β-Ag2MoO4) microcrystals synthesized by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement, and micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed that these microcrystals crystallize in a spinel-type cubic structure. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the processing temperatures influence in the final shape of microcrystals. Optical properties were analyzed by ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy; the increase in the optical band gap energy (Egap) (from 3.24 to 3.31 eV) with processing temperature is associated with the reduction of intermediary energy levels. First-principles quantum mechanical calculations based on the density functional theory at the B3LYP level were conducted. The calculated band structure revealed an indirect Egap of approximately 4.00 and 3.34 eV for the β-Ag2MoO4 without and with the formation of defects, respectively. Theoretical calculations based on density of states and electron density maps were employed to understand the polarization phenomenon induced by structural defects in the β-Ag2MoO4 crystals. Finally, photoluminescence properties at room temperature of β-Ag2MoO4 microcrystals were explained by the charge-transfer mechanism involving tetrahedral [MoO4] clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Gouveia
- LIEC- Universidade Federal de São Carlos , P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
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16
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Afonso P, Porteiro FM, Fontes J, Tempera F, Morato T, Cardigos F, Santos RS. New and rare coastal fishes in the Azores islands: occasional events or tropicalization process? J Fish Biol 2013; 83:272-294. [PMID: 23902306 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Seven coastal fish species are newly reported for the remote north Atlantic archipelago of the Azores: Mediterranean sand eel Gymnammodytes cicerelus, bar jack Caranx ruber, two-banded seabream Diplodus vulgaris, bastard grunt Pomadasys incisus, unicorn leatherjacket filefish Aluterus scriptus and longspined porcupinefish Diodon holacanthus. The occurrence is also confirmed for 19 species that had been hitherto cited occasionally for the region, totalling a list of two elasmobranchs and 23 teleosts. Diplodus vulgaris, which appears to have recently colonized the islands, as well as roughtail stingray Dasyatis centroura and golden grey mullet Liza aurata, re-cited based on new records, are frequent or common coastal species in the Azores. The remaining 22 species, exceptional or rare in the region, are of tropical or subtropical affinity and find their northernmost distribution limit within the central and north-east Atlantic Ocean precisely in the Azores. This biogeographical pattern contrasts with that of the Azorean coastal fish community and suggests a tropicalization process in the region in line with previous findings of similar patterns across the north-east Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. These novel data from the most isolated archipelago of the North Atlantic Ocean, located in a biogeographic boundary area where colonization opportunities are reduced, reinforce the need for long-term monitoring programmes of coastal fish communities and, in particular, of indicator species groups to improve understanding of the effects of climate change on marine communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Afonso
- Institute of Marine Research/Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal.
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17
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Santos RS, Malheiros SMF, Cavalheiro S, de Oliveira JMP. A data mining system for providing analytical information on brain tumors to public health decision makers. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2013; 109:269-282. [PMID: 23122302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death in economically developed countries and the second leading cause of death in developing countries. Malignant brain neoplasms are among the most devastating and incurable forms of cancer, and their treatment may be excessively complex and costly. Public health decision makers require significant amounts of analytical information to manage public treatment programs for these patients. Data mining, a technology that is used to produce analytically useful information, has been employed successfully with medical data. However, the large-scale adoption of this technique has been limited thus far because it is difficult to use, especially for non-expert users. One way to facilitate data mining by non-expert users is to automate the process. Our aim is to present an automated data mining system that allows public health decision makers to access analytical information regarding brain tumors. The emphasis in this study is the use of ontology in an automated data mining process. The non-experts who tried the system obtained useful information about the treatment of brain tumors. These results suggest that future work should be conducted in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Santos
- Division of Computer Science, Aeronautics Institute of Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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18
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Fontes J, Caselle JE, Afonso P, Santos RS. Multi-scale recruitment patterns and effects on local population size of a temperate reef fish. J Fish Biol 2009; 75:1271-1286. [PMID: 20738614 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02363.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Recruitment of the temperate reef fish Coris julis was studied across the Azores Archipelago (central North Atlantic), over four consecutive recruitment seasons and at three spatial scales: between islands (separated by 100s of km), sites within islands (separated by 10s of km) and transects within sites (separated by 10s of m). At the largest scale (i.e. between islands) spatial recruitment patterns were highly variable, suggesting the influence of stochastic processes. Recruitment was spatially consistent within islands, even though magnitude was unpredictable between years, indicating that processes at meso-scales are probably more deterministic. Recruits settled randomly at the transect scale, probably reflecting habitat homogeneity. It was proposed that large and island-scale patterns reflect larval availability, driven by physical and biological processes occurring in the plankton. No evidence was found for a density-dependent relationship between newly settled and 2 week settled C. julis nor between cumulative recruitment and young-of-the-year. It appears that adult density is limited by larval supply (pre-settlement regulation) at low recruitment sites, and determined by post-settlement, density-dependent processes at high recruitment sites. This work is one of few to investigate multiple spatial and temporal scales of recruitment for a coastal fish species inhabiting isolated, temperate oceanic islands and hence, provides a novel comparison to the many studies of recruitment on coral reefs and other, more connected systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fontes
- IMAR/Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal.
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19
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Moura EG, Santos RS, Lisboa PC, Alves SB, Bonomo IT, Fagundes ATS, Oliveira E, Passos MCF. Thyroid function and body weight programming by neonatal hyperthyroidism in rats - the role of leptin and deiodinase activities. Horm Metab Res 2008; 40:1-7. [PMID: 18197581 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1004554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Several authors have shown that secondary hypothyroidism was programed by neonatal thyroxine (T4) treatment. However, the associated changes of body weight (BW) were less studied, especially those related to the body fat proportion. Here, we have evaluated the effect of neonatal thyroxine treatment on BW, fat proportion, serum leptin, and thyroid function of 60-day-old rats. Wistar rats were treated with thyroxine (50 microg/100 g BW, ip) (T) or saline (S), during the first 10 days of life. BW, nose-rump length (NRL), and food consumption were monitored for 60 days, when the animals were sacrificed. Thyroid function was evaluated by thyroid radioiodine uptake (RAIU), serum T3, T4, TSH, and liver mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (mGPD) and type 1 and 2 deiodinases (D1 and D2) activities, which are thyroid hormone-dependent enzymes. T animals showed lower food intake, BW and NRL, but higher total fat mass (+33%) and serum leptin (+46%). They also showed lower serum T3 (-23%), T4 (-32%), TSH (-36%), RAIU (-29%) and mGPD activity (-22%). Hypothalamic and pituitary D2 activities were higher (+24% and 1.4 fold, respectively), while brown adipose tissue (BAT) D2 and skeletal muscle D1 activities were lower (-30% and -62%, respectively). Thus, neonatal hyperthyroidism programs for a higher fat proportion and hyperleptinemia, which can explain the lower food intake. The TH-dependent enzymes activities changed accordingly, except for the decrease in BAT D2, which may be due the role played by the hyperleptinemia. Finally, the decrease in peripheral deiodination may contribute to a lower me-tabolic rate that may increase the adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Moura
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biology Institute Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Stefanni S, Porteiro FM, Bettencourt R, Gavaia PJ, Santos RS. Molecular insights indicate that Pachycara thermophilum () and P. saldanhai () (Perciformes: Zoarcidae) from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge are synonymous species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2007; 45:423-6. [PMID: 17448690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2007.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Stefanni
- IMAR, Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores - 9901-862, Horta, Azores, Portugal.
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21
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Martins I, Costa V, Porteiro FM, Santos RS. Temporal and spatial changes in mercury concentrations in the North Atlantic as indicated by museum specimens of glacier lanternfish Benthosema glaciale (Pisces: Myctophidae). Environ Toxicol 2006; 21:528-32. [PMID: 16944516 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Museum specimens of glacier lanternfish Benthosema glaciale were used to investigate long-term variations in mercury concentration of mesopelagic organisms from the North Atlantic. B. glaciale is an abundant mesopelagic fish species in the boreal and sub-polar pelagic regions of the North Atlantic, playing an important role in the cycling of energy in the oceanic food webs of these systems. We used 35 museum specimens of lanternfish, collected from the Gulf Stream biogeographic region between 1936 and 1993, to test for long-term variations in mercury concentrations. In addition, we studied the mercury concentrations throughout the geographical range of the species, using 105 specimens collected around 1970s. Mercury concentrations were similar over time; however there was evidence of a noteworthy increase in mercury contamination during the World War II (1941) followed by a general decrease with lowest concentrations being found in 1954 and 1993. Significant differences were found between the different studied areas, probably reflecting different degrees of anthropogenic contamination. The results presented here indicate that museum myctophids may be suitable for the assessment of historical changes in mercury contamination of marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Martins
- IMAR, Department of Oceanography and Fisheries DOP, University of the Azores,9901-862 Horta, Azores, Portugal
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Santos RS, Martins ML, Marengoni NG, Francisco CJ, Piazza RS, Takahashi HK, Onaka EM. Neoechinorhynchus curemai (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) in Prochilodus lineatus (Osteichthyes: Prochilodontidae) from the Paraná River, Brazil. Vet Parasitol 2005; 134:111-5. [PMID: 16112458 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated parasitic infections by Neoechinorhynchus curemai (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) in Prochilodus lineatus captured between August 2000 and August 2001 in the Paraná River, Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo, Brazil. Of 87 fishes examined, 59 were infected (25 males and 34 females). High mean intensities occurred in August 2000 (45.2, range 2-204), September 2000 (28.5, range 11-73), October 2000 (59.3, range 2-250) and February 2001 (27.3, range 3-73). There was no relationship of rainfall with mean intensity and prevalence. Males were more parasitized (P<0.05) than females. This work contributes to the knowledge of helminth parasites of fish from a little studied region of the Paraná River, showing diversity in their fauna when compared to other places in the same river.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Santos
- Aquaculture Center, UNOESTE, Rod. Raposo Tavares km 572, Campus II, Limoeiro, 19050-900 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
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Ros AFH, Bruintjes R, Santos RS, Canario AVM, Oliveira RF. The role of androgens in the trade-off between territorial and parental behavior in the Azorean rock-pool blenny, Parablennius parvicornis. Horm Behav 2004; 46:491-7. [PMID: 15465536 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2003] [Revised: 01/08/2004] [Accepted: 04/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Androgen hormones have been shown to facilitate competitive ability in courtship and territorial behavior, while suppressing paternal behavior. The rock-pool blenny, Parablennius parvicornis, provides an excellent model to study the proximate regulation of such a trade-off between territorial and parental behavior, because nest-holder males of this species display these behaviors simultaneously. A field study was carried out in which territorial nest holder males were either treated with long-lasting implants filled with 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) or with control implants. Males treated with 11-KT showed a higher frequency of aggressive behavior, were more responsive to aggressive challenges, and were more persistent in aggressive behavior than control males. In addition, territories were larger in males treated with 11-KT than in controls. We found evidence for incompatibility between defense of a large territory and high levels of parental behavior. However, contrary to expectation, 11-KT did not suppress parental behavior. We suggest that trade-offs between territorial and parental behavior may not be regulated by androgen hormones but may result from a time constraint in the individual's activity budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F H Ros
- Unidade de Investigação em Eco- Etologia, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Santos RS, Raftopoulos Y, Keenan RJ, Halal A, Maley RH, Landreneau RJ. Bronchoscopic palliation of primary lung cancer: Single or multimodality therapy? Surg Endosc 2004; 18:931-6. [PMID: 15108108 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-003-9202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2003] [Accepted: 12/21/2003] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An obstructing primary lung cancer is a challenging disease frequently requiring endobronchial interventional therapy. A variety of interventional modalities, including Nd:YAG laser, stenting, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and endoluminal brachytherapy, are utilized to relieve airway obstruction and bleeding. The aim of this study is to compare the effect on patient survival of bronchoscopic palliation for lung cancer utilizing one interventional modality compared to the use of combination of modalities to relieve the airway problem. METHODS. We reviewed our longitudinal experience with interventional bronchoscopy in 75 patients who underwent 176 procedures for the management of endobronchial lung cancer between 1994 and 2002. Indication for intervention was hemoptysis in 24 patients (32%) and airway obstruction in the remaining. Six patients died within 30 days from the first intervention and were excluded. Forty of the surviving 69 patients (58%) were treated with a single interventional modality (group A). In 29 patients (42%) a multimodality endoscopic treatment was utilized (group B). Single-modality treatment in group A included Nd-YAG laser in 60%, stent in 17%, brachytherapy in 20%, and PDT in 3%. A variety of combinations of the aforementioned modalities were used in group B to enhance airway patency. Patient data were compared with the Student's t-test and chi-square test. Survival analysis and the log rank test were used to compare difference in survival between the two groups. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS There were 46 males and 23 females, with a mean age of 67 years. The tumor was located in the trachea 9%, in the carina in 7%, and primary bronchial in 84%. Two patients had complications due to stent malposition. There was no significant difference between the two groups in relation to age, gender, tumor location, histology, and type of previous cancer therapy. There was a significant improvement in survival for the multimodality group (p = 0.04). The 1- and 3-year cumulative survival rate for groups A and B was 51.3% versus 50% and 2.3% versus 22%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Improvement in survival can be seen with diligent airway surveillance after interventional bronchoscopy and liberal use of a variety of endobronchial treatment modalities for airway obstruction or bleeding. Physicians involved in the management of this difficult problem should be versed in the use of all available treatment modalities to enhance therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Santos
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, 320 East North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
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Macêdo DS, Vasconcelos SMM, Belchior LD, Santos RS, Viana GSB, Sousa FCF. Alterations in monoamine levels after cocaine-induced status epilepticus and death in striatum and prefrontal cortex of mice. Neurosci Lett 2004; 362:185-8. [PMID: 15158010 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2003] [Revised: 02/10/2004] [Accepted: 02/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Seizures and death are the more important toxic consequences related to cocaine overdose. Some reports have shown that pharmacological manipulations in dopaminergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic systems alter the occurrence of cocaine-induced convulsions and death. Based on this fact, this work was performed to determine the changes in monoamine levels (DA, 5-HT and NE) and their metabolites (DOPAC, HVA and 5-HIAA) after cocaine-induced status epilepticus (SE) and death in striatum and prefrontal cortex (PFC). The monoamines and their metabolites were assayed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Animal SE in striatum presented a decrease in DA and NE levels and an increase in HVA although in PFC there was an increase in DA, 5-HT and NE. Animals that died from cocaine-induced seizures in striatum showed an increase only in NE levels, but on the other hand in PFC a decrease occurred in DA and NE levels. Taken together these results indicated that cocaine-induced SE and death altered monoamine levels in different ways depending on the brain area studied, suggesting that different mechanisms are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Macêdo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo 1127, Fortaleza 60431-970, CE, Brazil
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Moreira ED, Santos RS, Nassri VB, Reis AT, Guerra AL, Alcântara APG, Matos JF, Carvalho WA, Moura CGG, Silvani CS, Sant'Ana CS. Risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in children: is education a main determinant? Epidemiol Infect 2004; 132:327-35. [PMID: 15061508 PMCID: PMC2870109 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268803001572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate potential risk factors associated with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, we performed a case-control study in 167 consecutively selected hospitalized children in Salvador, Brazil. Hp infection was identified by the presence of IgG against Hp in serum samples. Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire, 38.3% children were found to be seropositive and classified as cases, and 61.7% were seronegative controls. After multivariate analysis, independent variables associated with Hp infection included: the educational attainment of the child's provider > or = 11 years (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.01-0.9), poor garbage disposal service (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.0-4.9), thumb sucking (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.1-19.8), brushing teeth more than once a day (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.8-17.7), having a pet dog (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.0-6.1), and a history of chronic urticaria (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.5-10.8). The risk factors identified are consistent with some, but not all, previous studies supporting either oral-oral or faecal-oral transmission of Hp. Our data suggested that a higher educational attainment might play an important role in preventing Hp infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Moreira
- Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa, Associação Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Lisboa PC, Passos MCF, Dutra SCP, Santos RS, Bonomo IT, Cabanelas AP, Pazos-Moura CC, Moura EG. Increased 5'-iodothyronine deiodinase activity is a maternal adaptive mechanism in response to protein restriction during lactation. J Endocrinol 2003; 177:261-7. [PMID: 12740014 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1770261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have shown that protein restriction during lactation is associated with higher levels of serum and milk tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) with lower serum thyroxine (T(4)), suggesting an increased T(4) to T(3) conversion. To investigate this hypothesis, the activity of type 1 (D1) and/or type 2 (D2) iodothyronine deiodinases was evaluated on days 4, 12 and 21 of lactation in several tIssues of dams fed an 8% protein-restricted (PR) diet and controls fed a 23% protein diet. Serum TSH, T(3) and T(4) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Deiodinase activity was determined by the release of (125)I from (125)I-reverse T(3), under specific conditions for D1 or D2. PR dams had a transitory reduction in liver D1 activity (P<0.05) on day 12, and a small increase in thyroid D1 on day 12 followed by a small decrease on day 21. However, thyroid D2 activity was higher than controls (P<0.05) during the whole of the lactation period. Mammary gland D1 and D2 activities were lower on day 4 of lactation in PR dams (P<0.05), and D2 was higher on day 21 (P<0.05). Potentially, a lower conversion of T(3) to di-iodothyronine in the mammary glands of PR dams at the beginning of lactation may serve to provide more T(3) through the milk. Brown adipose tIssue (BAT) D2 activity was higher (P<0.05) in PR dams during all periods of lactation. PR dams showed higher skeletal muscle D1 activity only at the end of lactation, but no changes in D2 activity. Higher pituitary D1 and D2 activities in the PR group (P<0.05) at the end of lactation could have contributed to the lower serum TSH. These data suggest that the higher thyroid and BAT D2 activity during the whole of lactation and skeletal muscle D1 activity at the end of lactation may contribute to the higher serum T(3) in PR dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Lisboa
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Dutra SC, Passos MC, Lisboa PC, Santos RS, Cabanelas AP, Pazos-Moura CC, Moura EG. Liver deiodinase activity is increased in adult rats whose mothers were submitted to malnutrition during lactation. Horm Metab Res 2003; 35:268-70. [PMID: 12778372 DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-39485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S C Dutra
- Dept. de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Oliveira RF, Canario AV, Grober MS, Santos RS. Endocrine correlates of male polymorphism and alternative reproductive tactics in the Azorean rock-pool blenny, Parablennius sanguinolentus parvicornis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2001; 121:278-88. [PMID: 11254369 DOI: 10.1006/gcen.2001.7596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the Azorean rock-pool blenny male sexual polymorphism occurs. Larger and older males (M+ males) fully express male secondary sex characters (SSC), particularly an anal gland that produces a sex pheromone, whereas smaller and younger sexually active males do not express SSC (M- males). Two mating tactic types can be identified among M+ males: nest-holders that establish nests and court females and floaters that move around in the breeding area and try to achieve parasitic fertilizations and/or to take over nests. Two behavioral tactic types can also be identified within M- males: satellites that are associated with particular nests and actively participate in territorial defense (when females go inside the nest to spawn they try to enter to fertilize some of the eggs) and sneakers that do not help nest holders (when spawning occurs they also try to enter the nest to fertilize eggs). It was found that M+ males have significantly higher levels of 11-ketotestosterone (KT), but not testosterone (T), than M- males [M+ male androgen levels (mean +/- SE): total T = 11.6 +/- 3.0 ng ml(-1), total KT = 4.5 +/- 1.1 ng ml(-1); M- male androgen levels (mean +/- SE): total T = 9.6 +/- 1.0 ng ml(-1), total KT = 2.5 +/- 1.1 ng ml(-1)]. There were no differences in plasma T or KT among individuals using different mating tactics within the same male morph; that is, among M+ males, nest-holders did not differ in androgen levels from floaters [nest-holder androgen levels (mean +/- SE): total T = 12.3 +/- 4.4 ng ml(-1), total KT = 4.3 +/- 1.4 ng ml(-1); floater androgen levels (mean +/- SE): total T = 5.9 +/- 0.8 ng ml(-1), total KT = 3.4 +/- 0.3 ng ml(-1)], and among M- males, satellites did not differ in androgen levels from sneakers [satellite androgen levels (mean +/- SE): total T = 7.7 +/- 1.5 ng ml(-1), total KT = 1.3 +/- 0.3 ng ml(-1); sneaker androgen levels (mean +/- SE): total T = 8.3 +/- 1.6 ng ml(-1), total KT = 1.4 +/- 0.3 ng ml(-1)]. Thus, the observed differences appear to be correlated with the expression of different male morphotypes and not with the expression of different behavioral tactics within the morphotype. Androgen levels were not correlated with the behavior activity of nest-holders, except for a negative correlation between KT levels and parental behavior. Furthermore, nest-holder males that succeeded in having females spawn in their nests during the observation period had significantly lower KT levels than unsuccessful males. Since behavioral observations preceded blood sampling in time, it is suggested that these results indicate a negative relationship between KT and parental care, since successful males were parenting when blood samples were collected. Male SSC were better correlated with KT than with T and the use of total blood levels (i.e., free + conjugates) yielded higher correlation coefficients than when only the free fraction of each steroid was considered. Since conjugates are nonactive metabolites of the free androgen they should reflect active free steroids in a previous time. Thus, their incorporation into the hormonal measurements increases the time frame captured, and because steroids are released in a pulsatile way, this time-integrated measure can be more meaningful than the free steroids, which represent a snapshot of the hormone levels at a given point in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Oliveira
- Unidade de Investigação em Eco-Etologia, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, Lisbon, 1100, Portugal.
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Abstract
The present study analyses the representations of nurses, who were either students of a Pediatric Health or a Neonatal Nursing specialization courses in different universities in the city of Rio de Janeiro. This work was based on the theoretical framework of Social Representations. The methods used were dynamics of creativity and sensibility, as well as semi-structured interviews. Results showed that nurses have a subjective representation of the pain, and that these representations are influenced by their own life experiences. It also concluded that the nurse's personal experiences interfere in their professional attitudes and sensitivity towards the reaction of children and newborns who undergo painful treatments.
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Costa CH, Gomes RB, Silva MR, Garcez LM, Ramos PK, Santos RS, Shaw JJ, David JR, Maguire JH. Competence of the human host as a reservoir for Leishmania chagasi. J Infect Dis 2000; 182:997-1000. [PMID: 10950806 DOI: 10.1086/315795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/1998] [Revised: 05/18/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The failure of control programs for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) that depend on elimination of infected dogs suggests that other reservoir hosts may participate in the transmission cycle. To determine whether persons infected with Leishmania chagasi can infect the vector sand fly, laboratory-reared Lutzomyia longipalpis were allowed to feed on Brazilian subjects with active, cured, and asymptomatic VL and on asymptomatic residents of houses of persons with active VL. Of 3747 insects that had fed, 26 acquired infection from 11 of the 44 persons with active VL, but none acquired infection from the 137 asymptomatic persons. Among persons <4 years old with active VL, a history of diarrhea and higher peripheral blood neutrophil counts were independent predictors of infectivity. Further experiments using larger numbers of insects are necessary to evaluate the reservoir competence of persons with asymptomatic infections, who represent a large segment of the population of several Brazilian cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Costa
- Hospital de Doenças Infecto-Contagiosas, 64001-450, Teresina-PI, Brazil.
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Carvalho MC, Streiff R, Guillemaud T, Afonso P, Santos RS, Cancela ML. Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in Abudefduf luridus (Pisces: Pomacentridae). Mol Ecol 2000; 9:993-4. [PMID: 10886661 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.00939.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M C Carvalho
- Universidade do Algarve-UCTRA, Campus de Gambelas, 8000 Faro, Portugal
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Santos RS. [Pregnancy in adolescent mothers. Study in the district of Beja 1986-1991]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 1997; 10:681-8. [PMID: 9477593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective and contextual study of pregnancy and delivery in adolescent mothers aged nineteen years or less has been developed in the area of the Beja Health Sub-Authority, with delivery between January 1, 1986 and December 31, 1987 and between January 1, 1988 and December 31, 1991. A universe of 216 young mothers in those conditions, whose complete identification was possible, were interviewed and asked to answer four questionnaires concerning surveillance of the pregnancy and the delivery, the family and psychosocial aspects, data on the child's father and data on the child's first year of life. The results obtained point to the fact that pregnancy in adolescents, in the studied universe, is well assumed and socially well accepted, even by the mothers' families of origin and viewed by the adolescent mothers as an instrument in their process of becoming autonomous in a social setting that offers no alternatives for personal development. The pregnancy, in those young mothers, does not appear to have a significantly higher biological, psychological or social risk than the known identical risks in older mothers. Finally, the results suggest that, even with the offer of quite good health services, it is necessary to review their organization and accessibility to those services in the form of a more well defined adaptation to this very specific kind of public.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Santos
- Sub-Região de Saúde de Beja da ARS Alentejo
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Amor B, Santos RS, Nahal R, Listrat V, Dougados M. Predictive factors for the longterm outcome of spondyloarthropathies. J Rheumatol 1994; 21:1883-7. [PMID: 7837155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the predictive factors of outcome in patients with spondyloarthropathy (European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group or Amor criteria) monitored by a single investigator. METHODS Classification of longterm outcome on a 3-grade scale. Candidate predictive factors: presence or not of 12 clinical or biological variables during the first 2 years of the disease, collected by history at the time of the first visit. Univariate analysis to pick up the factors statistically correlated with severity and then odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each variable were calculated. RESULTS Of the 328 patients with spondyloarthropathy, 151 had a followup of > or = 10 years and minor disease (81), severe (28), or moderate disease (42). Seven variables at entry were correlated with disease severity (odds ratio; CI 95%); hip arthritis (22.85; 4.43-118); erythrocyte sedimentation rate > 30 mm/h (7; 4.84-9.50); poor efficacy of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (8.33; 2.56-27.10); limitation of lumbar spine (7; 2-25); sausage-like finger or toe (8.45; 1.48-9); oligoarthritis (4.25; 1.38-13.10); onset < or = 16 years (3.47; 1.06-12.75). If none of these factors is present at entry a mild outcome can be predicted (sensitivity: 92.5%; specificity: 78%). If a hip is involved or if 3 factors are present, a severe outcome is predictable (sensitivity: 50%) and a mild disease practically excluded (specificity: 97.5%). CONCLUSION Predictive factors of poor or benign longterm outcome could be defined very early after onset of spondyloarthropathy in a set of patients monitored by one observer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Amor
- Department of Rheumatology, René Descartes University, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
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