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Seefeld MA, Lin H, Holenz J, Downie D, Donovan B, Fu T, Pasikanti K, Zhen W, Cato M, Chaudhary KW, Brady P, Bakshi T, Morrow D, Rajagopal S, Samanta SK, Madhyastha N, Kuppusamy BM, Dougherty RW, Bhamidipati R, Mohd Z, Higgins GA, Chapman M, Rouget C, Lluel P, Matsuoka Y. Novel K V7 ion channel openers for the treatment of epilepsy and implications for detrusor tissue contraction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3793-3797. [PMID: 30327146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal voltage-gated potassium channels, KV7s, are the molecular mediators of the M current and regulate membrane excitability in the central and peripheral neuronal systems. Herein, we report novel small molecule KV7 openers that demonstrate anti-seizure activities in electroshock and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure models without influencing Rotarod readouts in mice. The anti-seizure activity was determined to be proportional to the unbound concentration in the brain. KV7 channels are also expressed in the bladder smooth muscle (detrusor) and activation of these channels may cause localized undesired effects. Therefore, the impact of individual KV7 isoforms was investigated in human detrusor tissue using a panel of KV7 openers with distinct activity profiles among KV7 isoforms. KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 mRNA were highly expressed in detrusor tissue, yet a compound that has significantly reduced activity on homomeric KV7.4 did not reduce detrusor contraction. This may suggest that the homomeric KV7.4 channel plays a less significant role in bladder contraction and further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Seefeld
- Neuroscience Virtual-Proof-of-Concept Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States.
| | - Hong Lin
- Neuroscience Virtual-Proof-of-Concept Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States; Regenerative Medicine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Joerg Holenz
- Neuroscience Virtual-Proof-of-Concept Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Dave Downie
- Screening Profiling & Mechanistic Biology, Platform Technology Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Brian Donovan
- Screening, Profiling and Mechanistic Biology, Platform Technology Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Tingting Fu
- Mechanistic Safety & Disposition, Product Development and Supply, Platform Technology Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Shanghai, China
| | - Kishore Pasikanti
- Neuroscience Virtual-Proof-of-Concept Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Wei Zhen
- Integrated Biological Platform Sciences, Product Development and Supply, Platform Technology Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Shanghai, China
| | - Matthew Cato
- In Vitro/In Vivo Translation, Safety Pharmacology, Platform Technology Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, United States
| | - Khuram W Chaudhary
- In Vitro/In Vivo Translation, Safety Pharmacology, Platform Technology Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, United States
| | - Pat Brady
- Screening, Profiling and Mechanistic Biology, Platform Technology Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Tania Bakshi
- Pattern Recognition Receptor Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Dwight Morrow
- Regenerative Medicine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
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- Neuroscience Virtual-Proof-of-Concept Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States.
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Chandrashekar D, Suresh P, Kumar R, Bhamidipati R, Mullangi R, Richter W, Srinivas N. Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Bendamustine and its Active Metabolite, γ-Hydroxybendamustine in Small Volume Mice and Dog Plasma and its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study in Mice and Dogs. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2017; 67:497-508. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-108124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA highly sensitive, specific and rapid LC-ESI-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of bendamustine (BM) and γ-hydroxybendamustine (HBM) in small volume (20 µL) mice and dog plasma using phenacetin as an internal standard (IS) as per regulatory guidelines. Both the analytes and IS were extracted from mice and dog plasma using a liquid-liquid extraction method. Chromatography was achieved on Atlantis dC18 column using an isocratic mobile phase (0.2% formic acid:acetonitrile, 25:75) at a flow rate of 0.40 mL/min. The total chromatographic run time was 3.0 min and the elution of BM, HBM and IS occurred at ~1.2, 1.2 and 2.0 min, respectively. A linear response function was established 0.11–518 ng/mL for both the analytes in mice and dog plasma. The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precisions were in the range of 3.46–12.9 and 3.63–8.23%; 1.15–9.00 and 7.86–9.49% for BM and HBM, respectively in mice plasma and 2.15–6.49 and 1.73–13.1%; 4.35–13.9 and 4.33–10.5% for BM and HBM, respectively in dog plasma. This novel method has been applied to a pharmacokinetic study in mice and dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Chandrashekar
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore, India
| | - Ponnayyan Suresh
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore, India
| | - Ravi Bhamidipati
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore, India
| | - Ramesh Mullangi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jubilant Biosys Ltd, Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore, India
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Younis Y, Douelle F, Feng TS, González Cabrera D, Le Manach C, Nchinda AT, Duffy S, White KL, Shackleford DM, Morizzi J, Mannila J, Katneni K, Bhamidipati R, Zabiulla KM, Joseph JT, Bashyam S, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Hardick D, Wittlin S, Avery V, Charman SA, Chibale K. 3,5-Diaryl-2-aminopyridines as a novel class of orally active antimalarials demonstrating single dose cure in mice and clinical candidate potential. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3479-87. [PMID: 22390538 DOI: 10.1021/jm3001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of orally active antimalarial 3,5-diaryl-2-aminopyridines has been identified from phenotypic whole cell high-throughput screening of a commercially available SoftFocus kinase library. The compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antiplasmodial activity against K1 (chloroquine and drug-resistant strain) and NF54 (chloroquine-susceptible strain) as well as for their cytotoxicity. Synthesis and structure-activity studies identified a number of promising compounds with selective antiplasmodial activity. One of these frontrunner compounds, 15, was equipotent across the two strains (K1 = 25.0 nM, NF54 = 28.0 nM) and superior to chloroquine in the K1 strain (chloroquine IC(50) K1 = 194.0 nM). Compound 15 completely cured Plasmodium berghei-infected mice with a single oral dose of 30 mg/kg. Dose-response studies generated ED(50) and ED(90) values of 0.83 and 1.74 mg/kg for 15 in the standard four-dose Peters test. Pharmacokinetic studies in the rat indicated that this compound has good oral bioavailability (51% at 20 mg/kg) and a reasonable half-life (t(1/2) ∼ 7-8 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassir Younis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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Coteron JM, Marco M, Esquivias J, Deng X, White KL, White J, Koltun M, El Mazouni F, Kokkonda S, Katneni K, Bhamidipati R, Shackleford DM, Angulo-Barturen I, Ferrer SB, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Gamo FJ, Goldsmith EJ, Charman WN, Bathurst I, Floyd D, Matthews D, Burrows JN, Rathod PK, Charman SA, Phillips MA. Structure-guided lead optimization of triazolopyrimidine-ring substituents identifies potent Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors with clinical candidate potential. J Med Chem 2011; 54:5540-61. [PMID: 21696174 DOI: 10.1021/jm200592f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Drug therapy is the mainstay of antimalarial therapy, yet current drugs are threatened by the development of resistance. In an effort to identify new potential antimalarials, we have undertaken a lead optimization program around our previously identified triazolopyrimidine-based series of Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH) inhibitors. The X-ray structure of PfDHODH was used to inform the medicinal chemistry program allowing the identification of a potent and selective inhibitor (DSM265) that acts through DHODH inhibition to kill both sensitive and drug resistant strains of the parasite. This compound has similar potency to chloroquine in the humanized SCID mouse P. falciparum model, can be synthesized by a simple route, and rodent pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated it has excellent oral bioavailability, a long half-life and low clearance. These studies have identified the first candidate in the triazolopyrimidine series to meet previously established progression criteria for efficacy and ADME properties, justifying further development of this compound toward clinical candidate status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Coteron
- GlaxoSmithKline, Diseases of the Developing World (DDW)-Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Madrid, Spain
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Bhamidipati R, Mujeeb S, Dravid PV, Khan AA, Singh SK, Rao YK, Mullangi R, Srinivas NR. Pre-clinical assessment of DRF 4367, a novel COX-2 inhibitor: evaluation of pharmacokinetics, absolute oral bioavailability and metabolism in mice and comparative inter-species in vitro metabolism. Xenobiotica 2005; 35:253-71. [PMID: 16019950 DOI: 10.1080/00498250500066303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics and determine the absolute bioavailability and metabolism of DRF 4367, a novel COX-2 inhibitor, in mice. In addition, the in vitro metabolism of DRF 4367 was studied in mouse, rat, dog, monkey and human liver microsomes. Following oral administration, maximum concentrations of DRF 4367 were achieved after about 1 h. Upon intravenous (IV) administration, the concentration of DRF 4367 declined in a bi-exponential fashion with a terminal elimination half-life of 4.0 h. The elimination half-life was unchanged with route of administration. The volume of distribution and systemic clearance of DRF 4367 in mice were 0.80 l h(-1) kg(-1) and 0.14 l kg(-1), respectively, after IV administration. The absolute oral bioavailability of DRF 4367 was 44%. In all species of liver microsomes examined, the primary route of metabolism for DRF 4367 was demethylation of benzyl methoxy to form a hydroxy metabolite (M1). The formation of this metabolite was mediated by CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 enzymes. M1 was not found to possess COX-2 inhibitory activity. Chemical-inhibition studies showed that quinidine (selective for CYP2D6) and ticlopidine (selective for CYP2C19) inhibited the formation of the hydroxy metabolite of DRF 4367, whereas potent inhibitors selective for other forms of CYP did not inhibit this oxidative reaction. Upon oral or IV administration of DRF 4367 to mice, unchanged DRF 4367, M1, the O-glucuronide conjugate of M1 (M1-G) and the O-sulfate conjugate of M1 (M1-S) were identified in bile.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bhamidipati
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Discovery Research, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Miyapur, Hyderabad 500 049, India
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