1
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Laleu B, Rubiano K, Yeo T, Hallyburton I, Anderson M, Crespo‐Fernandez B, Gamo F, Antonova‐Koch Y, Orjuela‐Sanchez P, Wittlin S, Jana GP, Maity BC, Chenu E, Duffy J, Sjö P, Waterson D, Winzeler E, Guantai E, Fidock DA, Hansson TG. Exploring a Tetrahydroquinoline Antimalarial Hit from the Medicines for Malaria Pathogen Box and Identification of its Mode of Resistance as PfeEF2. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200393. [PMID: 36129427 PMCID: PMC9827907 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
New antimalarial treatments with novel mechanism of action are needed to tackle Plasmodium falciparum infections that are resistant to first-line therapeutics. Here we report the exploration of MMV692140 (2) from the Pathogen Box, a collection of 400 compounds that was made available by Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) in 2015. Compound 2 was profiled in in vitro models of malaria and was found to be active against multiple life-cycle stages of Plasmodium parasites. The mode of resistance, and putatively its mode of action, was identified as Plasmodium falciparum translation elongation factor 2 (PfeEF2), which is responsible for the GTP-dependent translocation of the ribosome along mRNA. The compound maintains activity against a series of drug-resistant parasite strains. The structural motif of the tetrahydroquinoline (2) was explored in a chemistry program with its structure-activity relationships examined, resulting in the identification of an analog with 30-fold improvement of antimalarial asexual blood stage potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Laleu
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre CointrinRoute de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 18261215Geneva 15Switzerland
| | - Kelly Rubiano
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York, NY10032USA,Current addressDepartment of Molecular MicrobiologyWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMO63110USA
| | - Tomas Yeo
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York, NY10032USA
| | - Irene Hallyburton
- Drug Discovery UnitWellcome Centre for Anti-infective ResearchUniversity of DundeeDow StreetDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Mark Anderson
- Drug Discovery UnitWellcome Centre for Anti-infective ResearchUniversity of DundeeDow StreetDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | | | | | - Yevgeniya Antonova‐Koch
- Department of PediatricsSchool of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA,Current addressCalibrA Division of Scripps Research11119 North Torrey Pines RoadLa JolaCA92037USA
| | - Pamela Orjuela‐Sanchez
- Department of PediatricsSchool of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA,Current addressNovartis Institute for Tropical Diseases5959 Horton Street, 8th floorEmeryvilleCS94608USA
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteSocinstrasse 574002BaselSwitzerland,University of Basel4002BaselSwitzerland
| | - Gouranga P. Jana
- TCG Lifesciences Private LimitedBlock BN, Plot 7 Salt-lake Electronics Complex, Sector VKolkata700091West BengalIndia
| | - Bikash C. Maity
- TCG Lifesciences Private LimitedBlock BN, Plot 7 Salt-lake Electronics Complex, Sector VKolkata700091West BengalIndia
| | - Elodie Chenu
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre CointrinRoute de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 18261215Geneva 15Switzerland
| | - James Duffy
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre CointrinRoute de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 18261215Geneva 15Switzerland
| | - Peter Sjö
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre CointrinRoute de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 18261215Geneva 15Switzerland
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre CointrinRoute de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 18261215Geneva 15Switzerland
| | - Elizabeth Winzeler
- Department of PediatricsSchool of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Eric Guantai
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Nairobi00202-NairobiKenya
| | - David A. Fidock
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York, NY10032USA,Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York, NY10032USA
| | - Thomas G. Hansson
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre CointrinRoute de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 18261215Geneva 15Switzerland
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2
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Kokkonda S, Deng X, White KL, El Mazouni F, White J, Shackleford DM, Katneni K, Chiu FCK, Barker H, McLaren J, Crighton E, Chen G, Angulo-Barturen I, Jimenez-Diaz MB, Ferrer S, Huertas-Valentin L, Martinez-Martinez MS, Lafuente-Monasterio MJ, Chittimalla R, Shahi SP, Wittlin S, Waterson D, Burrows JN, Matthews D, Tomchick D, Rathod PK, Palmer MJ, Charman SA, Phillips MA. Lead Optimization of a Pyrrole-Based Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Series for the Treatment of Malaria. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4929-4956. [PMID: 32248693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Malaria puts at risk nearly half the world's population and causes high mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, while drug resistance threatens current therapies. The pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a validated target for malaria treatment based on our finding that triazolopyrimidine DSM265 (1) showed efficacy in clinical studies. Herein, we describe optimization of a pyrrole-based series identified using a target-based DHODH screen. Compounds with nanomolar potency versus Plasmodium DHODH and Plasmodium parasites were identified with good pharmacological properties. X-ray studies showed that the pyrroles bind an alternative enzyme conformation from 1 leading to improved species selectivity versus mammalian enzymes and equivalent activity on Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax DHODH. The best lead DSM502 (37) showed in vivo efficacy at similar levels of blood exposure to 1, although metabolic stability was reduced. Overall, the pyrrole-based DHODH inhibitors provide an attractive alternative scaffold for the development of new antimalarial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Kokkonda
- Departments of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Deng
- Departments of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9135, United States
| | - Karen L White
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Farah El Mazouni
- Departments of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9135, United States
| | - John White
- Departments of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - David M Shackleford
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kasiram Katneni
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Francis C K Chiu
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Helena Barker
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jenna McLaren
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Elly Crighton
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Gong Chen
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | | | | | - Santiago Ferrer
- GSK, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Dave Matthews
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Diana Tomchick
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9135, United States
| | - Pradipsinh K Rathod
- Departments of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | | | - Susan A Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Margaret A Phillips
- Departments of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9135, United States
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3
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Norcross NR, Wilson C, Baragaña B, Hallyburton I, Osuna‐Cabello M, Norval S, Riley J, Fletcher D, Sinden R, Delves M, Ruecker A, Duffy S, Meister S, Antonova‐Koch Y, Crespo B, de Cózar C, Sanz LM, Gamo FJ, Avery VM, Frearson JA, Gray DW, Fairlamb AH, Winzeler EA, Waterson D, Campbell SF, Willis PA, Read KD, Gilbert IH. Substituted Aminoacetamides as Novel Leads for Malaria Treatment. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1329-1335. [PMID: 31188540 PMCID: PMC6899483 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein we describe the optimization of a phenotypic hit against Plasmodium falciparum based on an aminoacetamide scaffold. This led to N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-2-{[4-methyl-3-(morpholinosulfonyl)phenyl]amino}propanamide (compound 28) with low-nanomolar activity against the intraerythrocytic stages of the malaria parasite, and which was found to be inactive in a mammalian cell counter-screen up to 25 μm. Inhibition of gametes in the dual gamete activation assay suggests that this family of compounds may also have transmission blocking capabilities. Whilst we were unable to optimize the aqueous solubility and microsomal stability to a point at which the aminoacetamides would be suitable for in vivo pharmacokinetic and efficacy studies, compound 28 displayed excellent antimalarial potency and selectivity; it could therefore serve as a suitable chemical tool for drug target identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R. Norcross
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Caroline Wilson
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Beatriz Baragaña
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Irene Hallyburton
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Maria Osuna‐Cabello
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Suzanne Norval
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Jennifer Riley
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Daniel Fletcher
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery BiologyGriffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueensland4111Australia
| | - Stephan Meister
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California San Diego School of Medicine9500 Gilman Drive 0741La JollaCA92093USA
| | - Yevgeniya Antonova‐Koch
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California San Diego School of Medicine9500 Gilman Drive 0741La JollaCA92093USA
| | - Benigno Crespo
- GlaxoSmithKline, Diseases of the Developing World – Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campusc/ Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos28760MadridSpain
| | - Cristina de Cózar
- GlaxoSmithKline, Diseases of the Developing World – Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campusc/ Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos28760MadridSpain
| | - Laura M. Sanz
- GlaxoSmithKline, Diseases of the Developing World – Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campusc/ Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos28760MadridSpain
| | - Francisco Javier Gamo
- GlaxoSmithKline, Diseases of the Developing World – Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campusc/ Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos28760MadridSpain
| | - Vicky M. Avery
- Discovery BiologyGriffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueensland4111Australia
| | - Julie A. Frearson
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - David W. Gray
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Alan H. Fairlamb
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Elizabeth A. Winzeler
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California San Diego School of Medicine9500 Gilman Drive 0741La JollaCA92093USA
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre, Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd FloorRoute de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826Geneva1215Switzerland
| | - Simon F. Campbell
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre, Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd FloorRoute de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826Geneva1215Switzerland
| | - Paul A. Willis
- Medicines for Malaria VentureInternational Centre, Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd FloorRoute de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826Geneva1215Switzerland
| | - Kevin D. Read
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
| | - Ian H. Gilbert
- Drug Discovery UnitDivision of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD1 5EHUK
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4
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Kokkonda S, El Mazouni F, White KL, White J, Shackleford DM, Lafuente-Monasterio MJ, Rowland P, Manjalanagara K, Joseph JT, Garcia-Pérez A, Fernandez J, Gamo FJ, Waterson D, Burrows JN, Palmer MJ, Charman SA, Rathod PK, Phillips MA. Isoxazolopyrimidine-Based Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase with Antimalarial Activity. ACS Omega 2018; 3:9227-9240. [PMID: 30197997 PMCID: PMC6120730 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Malaria kills nearly 0.5 million people yearly and impacts the lives of those living in over 90 countries where it is endemic. The current treatment programs are threatened by increasing drug resistance. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is now clinically validated as a target for antimalarial drug discovery as a triazolopyrimidine class inhibitor (DSM265) is currently undergoing clinical development. We discovered a related isoxazolopyrimidine series in a phenotypic screen, later determining that it targeted DHODH. To determine if the isoxazolopyrimidines could yield a drug candidate, we initiated hit-to-lead medicinal chemistry. Several potent analogues were identified, including a compound that showed in vivo antimalarial activity. The isoxazolopyrimidines were more rapidly metabolized than their triazolopyrimidine counterparts, and the pharmacokinetic data were not consistent with the goal of a single-dose treatment for malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Kokkonda
- Departments
of Chemistry and Global Health, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Farah El Mazouni
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Karen L. White
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - John White
- Departments
of Chemistry and Global Health, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - David M. Shackleford
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | | | - Paul Rowland
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GSK, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | | | | | - Adolfo Garcia-Pérez
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GSK, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - Jorge Fernandez
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GSK, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | | | - David Waterson
- Medicines
for Malaria Venture, 20, Route de Pré-Bois, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy N. Burrows
- Medicines
for Malaria Venture, 20, Route de Pré-Bois, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael J. Palmer
- Medicines
for Malaria Venture, 20, Route de Pré-Bois, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Pradipsinh K. Rathod
- Departments
of Chemistry and Global Health, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Margaret A. Phillips
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
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5
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Paquet T, Le Manach C, Cabrera DG, Younis Y, Henrich PP, Abraham TS, Lee MCS, Basak R, Ghidelli-Disse S, Lafuente-Monasterio MJ, Bantscheff M, Ruecker A, Blagborough AM, Zakutansky SE, Zeeman AM, White KL, Shackleford DM, Mannila J, Morizzi J, Scheurer C, Angulo-Barturen I, Martínez MS, Ferrer S, Sanz LM, Gamo FJ, Reader J, Botha M, Dechering KJ, Sauerwein RW, Tungtaeng A, Vanachayangkul P, Lim CS, Burrows J, Witty MJ, Marsh KC, Bodenreider C, Rochford R, Solapure SM, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Wittlin S, Charman SA, Donini C, Campo B, Birkholtz LM, Hanson KK, Drewes G, Kocken CHM, Delves MJ, Leroy D, Fidock DA, Waterson D, Street LJ, Chibale K. Antimalarial efficacy of MMV390048, an inhibitor of Plasmodium phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/387/eaad9735. [PMID: 28446690 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aad9735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As part of the global effort toward malaria eradication, phenotypic whole-cell screening revealed the 2-aminopyridine class of small molecules as a good starting point to develop new antimalarial drugs. Stemming from this series, we found that the derivative, MMV390048, lacked cross-resistance with current drugs used to treat malaria. This compound was efficacious against all Plasmodium life cycle stages, apart from late hypnozoites in the liver. Efficacy was shown in the humanized Plasmodium falciparum mouse model, and modest reductions in mouse-to-mouse transmission were achieved in the Plasmodium berghei mouse model. Experiments in monkeys revealed the ability of MMV390048 to be used for full chemoprotection. Although MMV390048 was not able to eliminate liver hypnozoites, it delayed relapse in a Plasmodium cynomolgi monkey model. Both genomic and chemoproteomic studies identified a kinase of the Plasmodium parasite, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, as the molecular target of MMV390048. The ability of MMV390048 to block all life cycle stages of the malaria parasite suggests that this compound should be further developed and may contribute to malaria control and eradication as part of a single-dose combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Paquet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Claire Le Manach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | | | - Yassir Younis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Philipp P Henrich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Tara S Abraham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Suite 368, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Marcus C S Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Rajshekhar Basak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 266 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06520-8114, USA
| | - Sonja Ghidelli-Disse
- Cellzome GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - María José Lafuente-Monasterio
- Malaria Disease Performance Unit, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcus Bantscheff
- Cellzome GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Ruecker
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | | | - Anne-Marie Zeeman
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2280 GH Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Karen L White
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David M Shackleford
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Janne Mannila
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Admescope Ltd., Typpitie 1, 90620 Oulu, Finland
| | - Julia Morizzi
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Christian Scheurer
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- Malaria Disease Performance Unit, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Santos Martínez
- Malaria Disease Performance Unit, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ferrer
- Malaria Disease Performance Unit, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura María Sanz
- Malaria Disease Performance Unit, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gamo
- Malaria Disease Performance Unit, Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Janette Reader
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mariette Botha
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Koen J Dechering
- TropIQ Health Sciences, Transistorweg 5, 6534 AT Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Robert W Sauerwein
- TropIQ Health Sciences, Transistorweg 5, 6534 AT Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Medical Microbiology, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anchalee Tungtaeng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pattaraporn Vanachayangkul
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chek Shik Lim
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases Pte. Ltd., 10 Biopolis Road, #05-01 Chromos, Singapore 138670, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Burrows
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, International Center Cointrin, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Witty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.,Medicines for Malaria Venture, International Center Cointrin, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kennan C Marsh
- AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064-6104, USA
| | - Christophe Bodenreider
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases Pte. Ltd., 10 Biopolis Road, #05-01 Chromos, Singapore 138670, Singapore
| | - Rosemary Rochford
- Departments of Immunology and Microbiology and Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Suresh M Solapure
- Nagarjuna Gardens, 60 Feet Road, Sahakaranagar, Bangalore 560092, India
| | - María Belén Jiménez-Díaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Suite 368, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan A Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Cristina Donini
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, International Center Cointrin, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Brice Campo
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, International Center Cointrin, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lyn-Marie Birkholtz
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Kirsten K Hanson
- Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Cellzome GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Clemens H M Kocken
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2280 GH Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Michael J Delves
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Didier Leroy
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, International Center Cointrin, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David A Fidock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - David Waterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.,Medicines for Malaria Venture, International Center Cointrin, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leslie J Street
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. .,South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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6
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Hallyburton I, Grimaldi R, Woodland A, Baragaña B, Luksch T, Spinks D, James D, Leroy D, Waterson D, Fairlamb AH, Wyatt PG, Gilbert IH, Frearson JA. Screening a protein kinase inhibitor library against Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J 2017; 16:446. [PMID: 29115999 PMCID: PMC5678585 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-2085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein kinases have been shown to be key drug targets, especially in the area of oncology. It is of interest to explore the possibilities of protein kinases as a potential target class in Plasmodium spp., the causative agents of malaria. However, protein kinase biology in malaria is still being investigated. Therefore, rather than assaying against individual protein kinases, a library of 4731 compounds with protein kinase inhibitor-like scaffolds was screened against the causative parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. This approach is more holistic and considers the whole kinome, making it possible to identify compounds that inhibit more than one P. falciparum protein kinase, or indeed other malaria targets. Results As a result of this screen, 9 active compound series were identified; further validation was carried out on 4 of these series, with 3 being progressed into hits to lead chemistry. The detailed evaluation of one of these series is described. Discussion This screening approach proved to be an effective way to identify series for further optimisation against malaria. Compound optimisation was carried out in the absence of knowledge of the molecular target. Some of the series had to be halted for various reasons. Mode of action studies to find the molecular target may be useful when problems prevent further chemical optimisation. Conclusions Progressible series were identified through phenotypic screening of a relatively small focused kinase scaffold chemical library.![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-017-2085-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Hallyburton
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Raffaella Grimaldi
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Andrew Woodland
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Beatriz Baragaña
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Torsten Luksch
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Daniel Spinks
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Daniel James
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Didier Leroy
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Alan H Fairlamb
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Paul G Wyatt
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Ian H Gilbert
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
| | - Julie A Frearson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
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7
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Phillips MA, White KL, Kokkonda S, Deng X, White J, El Mazouni F, Marsh K, Tomchick DR, Manjalanagara K, Rudra KR, Wirjanata G, Noviyanti R, Price RN, Marfurt J, Shackleford DM, Chiu FCK, Campbell M, Jimenez-Diaz MB, Bazaga SF, Angulo-Barturen I, Martinez MS, Lafuente-Monasterio M, Kaminsky W, Silue K, Zeeman AM, Kocken C, Leroy D, Blasco B, Rossignol E, Rueckle T, Matthews D, Burrows JN, Waterson D, Palmer MJ, Rathod PK, Charman SA. A Triazolopyrimidine-Based Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor with Improved Drug-like Properties for Treatment and Prevention of Malaria. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:945-957. [PMID: 27641613 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant malaria parasites continues to hamper efforts to control this lethal disease. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase has recently been validated as a new target for the treatment of malaria, and a selective inhibitor (DSM265) of the Plasmodium enzyme is currently in clinical development. With the goal of identifying a backup compound to DSM265, we explored replacement of the SF5-aniline moiety of DSM265 with a series of CF3-pyridinyls while maintaining the core triazolopyrimidine scaffold. This effort led to the identification of DSM421, which has improved solubility, lower intrinsic clearance, and increased plasma exposure after oral dosing compared to DSM265, while maintaining a long predicted human half-life. Its improved physical and chemical properties will allow it to be formulated more readily than DSM265. DSM421 showed excellent efficacy in the SCID mouse model of P. falciparum malaria that supports the prediction of a low human dose (<200 mg). Importantly DSM421 showed equal activity against both P. falciparum and P. vivax field isolates, while DSM265 was more active on P. falciparum. DSM421 has the potential to be developed as a single-dose cure or once-weekly chemopreventative for both P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria, leading to its advancement as a preclinical development candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen L. White
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sreekanth Kokkonda
- Departments
of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | | | - John White
- Departments
of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | | | - Kennan Marsh
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6104, United States
| | | | | | | | - Grennady Wirjanata
- Global
and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, P.O. Box 41096, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia
| | - Rintis Noviyanti
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jl. Diponegoro 69, 10430 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ric N. Price
- Global
and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, P.O. Box 41096, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia
- Centre
for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical
Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, U.K
| | - Jutta Marfurt
- Global
and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, P.O. Box 41096, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia
| | - David M. Shackleford
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Francis C. K. Chiu
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Michael Campbell
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | | | - Santiago Ferrer Bazaga
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development
Campus, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development
Campus, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - Maria Santos Martinez
- GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos Medicines Development
Campus, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | | | - Werner Kaminsky
- Departments
of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Kigbafori Silue
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Km17, Route de Dabou, Adiopodoumé, BP 1303 Abidjan, Ivory Coast
| | - Anne-Marie Zeeman
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens Kocken
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Didier Leroy
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Dave Matthews
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Pradipsinh K. Rathod
- Departments
of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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8
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Le Manach C, Nchinda AT, Paquet T, Gonzàlez Cabrera D, Younis Y, Han Z, Bashyam S, Zabiulla M, Taylor D, Lawrence N, White KL, Charman SA, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Wittlin S, Botha ME, Nondaba SH, Reader J, Birkholtz LM, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Martínez MS, Ferrer S, Angulo-Barturen I, Meister S, Antonova-Koch Y, Winzeler EA, Street LJ, Chibale K. Identification of a Potential Antimalarial Drug Candidate from a Series of 2-Aminopyrazines by Optimization of Aqueous Solubility and Potency across the Parasite Life Cycle. J Med Chem 2016; 59:9890-9905. [PMID: 27748596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction of water-solubilizing groups on the 5-phenyl ring of a 2-aminopyrazine series led to the identification of highly potent compounds against the blood life-cycle stage of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Several compounds displayed high in vivo efficacy in two different mouse models for malaria, P. berghei-infected mice and P. falciparum-infected NOD-scid IL-2Rγnull mice. One of the frontrunners, compound 3, was identified to also have good pharmacokinetics and additionally very potent activity against the liver and gametocyte parasite life-cycle stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Le Manach
- Drug Discovery and Development Center (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Aloysius T Nchinda
- Drug Discovery and Development Center (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Tanya Paquet
- Drug Discovery and Development Center (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Diego Gonzàlez Cabrera
- Drug Discovery and Development Center (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Yassir Younis
- Drug Discovery and Development Center (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Ze Han
- Drug Discovery and Development Center (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Sridevi Bashyam
- Syngene International Ltd. , Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Mohammed Zabiulla
- Syngene International Ltd. , Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Dale Taylor
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town , Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Nina Lawrence
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town , Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Karen L White
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University , 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Susan A Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University , 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Witty
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute , Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel , 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mariëtte E Botha
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Sindisiswe H Nondaba
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Janette Reader
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Lyn-Marie Birkholtz
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - María Belén Jiménez-Díaz
- GlaxoSmithKline , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Santos Martínez
- GlaxoSmithKline , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ferrer
- GlaxoSmithKline , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- GlaxoSmithKline , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Meister
- Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yevgeniya Antonova-Koch
- Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Winzeler
- Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Leslie J Street
- Drug Discovery and Development Center (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Drug Discovery and Development Center (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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9
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Baragaña B, Norcross NR, Wilson C, Porzelle A, Hallyburton I, Grimaldi R, Osuna-Cabello M, Norval S, Riley J, Stojanovski L, Simeons FRC, Wyatt PG, Delves MJ, Meister S, Duffy S, Avery VM, Winzeler EA, Sinden RE, Wittlin S, Frearson JA, Gray DW, Fairlamb AH, Waterson D, Campbell SF, Willis P, Read KD, Gilbert IH. Discovery of a Quinoline-4-carboxamide Derivative with a Novel Mechanism of Action, Multistage Antimalarial Activity, and Potent in Vivo Efficacy. J Med Chem 2016; 59:9672-9685. [PMID: 27631715 PMCID: PMC5108032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The antiplasmodial activity, DMPK
properties, and efficacy of a series of quinoline-4-carboxamides are
described. This series was identified from a phenotypic screen against
the blood stage of Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) and
displayed moderate potency but with suboptimal physicochemical properties
and poor microsomal stability. The screening hit (1,
EC50 = 120 nM) was optimized to lead molecules with low
nanomolar in vitro potency. Improvement of the pharmacokinetic profile
led to several compounds showing excellent oral efficacy in the P. berghei malaria mouse model with ED90 values
below 1 mg/kg when dosed orally for 4 days. The favorable potency,
selectivity, DMPK properties, and efficacy coupled with a novel mechanism
of action, inhibition of translation elongation factor 2 (PfEF2), led to progression of 2 (DDD107498)
to preclinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Baragaña
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Neil R Norcross
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Caroline Wilson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Achim Porzelle
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Irene Hallyburton
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Raffaella Grimaldi
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Maria Osuna-Cabello
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Suzanne Norval
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Jennifer Riley
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Laste Stojanovski
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Frederick R C Simeons
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Paul G Wyatt
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Michael J Delves
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College , London, SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Stephan Meister
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University , Brisbane Innovation Park, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University , Brisbane Innovation Park, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Winzeler
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Robert E Sinden
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College , London, SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Swiss TPH, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel , CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julie A Frearson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - David W Gray
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Alan H Fairlamb
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , International Centre Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd Floor, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, CH-1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Simon F Campbell
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , International Centre Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd Floor, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, CH-1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Paul Willis
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , International Centre Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd Floor, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, CH-1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Kevin D Read
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Ian H Gilbert
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
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10
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Norcross NR, Baragaña B, Wilson C, Hallyburton I, Osuna-Cabello M, Norval S, Riley J, Stojanovski L, Simeons FRC, Porzelle A, Grimaldi R, Wittlin S, Duffy S, Avery VM, Meister S, Sanz L, Jiménez-Díaz B, Angulo-Barturen I, Ferrer S, Martínez MS, Gamo FJ, Frearson JA, Gray DW, Fairlamb AH, Winzeler EA, Waterson D, Campbell SF, Willis P, Read KD, Gilbert IH. Trisubstituted Pyrimidines as Efficacious and Fast-Acting Antimalarials. J Med Chem 2016; 59:6101-20. [PMID: 27314305 PMCID: PMC4947981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this paper we describe the optimization
of a phenotypic hit
against Plasmodium falciparum, based on a trisubstituted
pyrimidine scaffold. This led to compounds with good pharmacokinetics
and oral activity in a P. berghei mouse model of
malaria. The most promising compound (13) showed a reduction
in parasitemia of 96% when dosed at 30 mg/kg orally once a day for
4 days in the P. berghei mouse model of malaria.
It also demonstrated a rapid rate of clearance of the erythrocytic
stage of P. falciparum in the SCID mouse model with
an ED90 of 11.7 mg/kg when dosed orally. Unfortunately,
the compound is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes, probably
due to a 4-pyridyl substituent. Nevertheless, this is a lead molecule
with a potentially useful antimalarial profile, which could either
be further optimized or be used for target hunting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R Norcross
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Beatriz Baragaña
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Caroline Wilson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Irene Hallyburton
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Maria Osuna-Cabello
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Suzanne Norval
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Jennifer Riley
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Laste Stojanovski
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Frederick R C Simeons
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Achim Porzelle
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Raffaella Grimaldi
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) , Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel , CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University , Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Discovery Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University , Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Stephan Meister
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine , 9500 Gilman Drive, 0741, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Laura Sanz
- Diseases of the Developing World-Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline , c/Severo Ochoa, 2, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Jiménez-Díaz
- Diseases of the Developing World-Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline , c/Severo Ochoa, 2, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- Diseases of the Developing World-Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline , c/Severo Ochoa, 2, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ferrer
- Diseases of the Developing World-Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline , c/Severo Ochoa, 2, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Santos Martínez
- Diseases of the Developing World-Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline , c/Severo Ochoa, 2, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gamo
- Diseases of the Developing World-Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline , c/Severo Ochoa, 2, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julie A Frearson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - David W Gray
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Alan H Fairlamb
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Elizabeth A Winzeler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine , 9500 Gilman Drive, 0741, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , International Center Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd Floor, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, CH-1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Simon F Campbell
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , International Center Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd Floor, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, CH-1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Paul Willis
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , International Center Cointrin, Entrance G, 3rd Floor, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, CH-1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Kevin D Read
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Ian H Gilbert
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee , Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K
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11
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Kokkonda S, Deng X, White KL, Coteron JM, Marco M, de Las Heras L, White J, El Mazouni F, Tomchick DR, Manjalanagara K, Rudra KR, Chen G, Morizzi J, Ryan E, Kaminsky W, Leroy D, Martínez-Martínez MS, Jimenez-Diaz MB, Bazaga SF, Angulo-Barturen I, Waterson D, Burrows JN, Matthews D, Charman SA, Phillips MA, Rathod PK. Tetrahydro-2-naphthyl and 2-Indanyl Triazolopyrimidines Targeting Plasmodium falciparum Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Display Potent and Selective Antimalarial Activity. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5416-31. [PMID: 27127993 PMCID: PMC4904246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Malaria persists as one of the most devastating global infectious diseases. The pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) has been identified as a new malaria drug target, and a triazolopyrimidine-based DHODH inhibitor 1 (DSM265) is in clinical development. We sought to identify compounds with higher potency against Plasmodium DHODH while showing greater selectivity toward animal DHODHs. Herein we describe a series of novel triazolopyrimidines wherein the p-SF5-aniline was replaced with substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl or 2-indanyl amines. These compounds showed strong species selectivity, and several highly potent tetrahydro-2-naphthyl derivatives were identified. Compounds with halogen substitutions displayed sustained plasma levels after oral dosing in rodents leading to efficacy in the P. falciparum SCID mouse malaria model. These data suggest that tetrahydro-2-naphthyl derivatives have the potential to be efficacious for the treatment of malaria, but due to higher metabolic clearance than 1, they most likely would need to be part of a multidose regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Kokkonda
- Departments of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | | | - Karen L White
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jose M Coteron
- GSK , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760 Spain
| | - Maria Marco
- GSK , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760 Spain
| | - Laura de Las Heras
- GSK , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, Madrid 28760 Spain
| | - John White
- Departments of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Gong Chen
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Julia Morizzi
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Eileen Ryan
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Departments of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Didier Leroy
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Dave Matthews
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susan A Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | | | - Pradipsinh K Rathod
- Departments of Chemistry and Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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12
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Le Manach C, Paquet T, Brunschwig C, Njoroge M, Han Z, Gonzàlez Cabrera D, Bashyam S, Dhinakaran R, Taylor D, Reader J, Botha M, Churchyard A, Lauterbach S, Coetzer TL, Birkholtz LM, Meister S, Winzeler EA, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Wittlin S, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Santos Martínez M, Ferrer S, Angulo-Barturen I, Street LJ, Chibale K. A Novel Pyrazolopyridine with in Vivo Activity in Plasmodium berghei- and Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Mouse Models from Structure-Activity Relationship Studies around the Core of Recently Identified Antimalarial Imidazopyridazines. J Med Chem 2015; 58:8713-22. [PMID: 26502160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Toward improving pharmacokinetics, in vivo efficacy, and selectivity over hERG, structure-activity relationship studies around the central core of antimalarial imidazopyridazines were conducted. This study led to the identification of potent pyrazolopyridines, which showed good in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetics profiles. The lead compounds also proved to be very potent in the parasite liver and gametocyte stages, which makes them of high interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christel Brunschwig
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town , Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Mathew Njoroge
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town , Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | | | | | - Sridevi Bashyam
- Syngene International Ltd. , Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Rajkumar Dhinakaran
- Syngene International Ltd. , Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Dale Taylor
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town , Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Janette Reader
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Mariette Botha
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Alisje Churchyard
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Sonja Lauterbach
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Theresa L Coetzer
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Wits Medical School , 2000 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lyn-Marie Birkholtz
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria , Private bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Stephan Meister
- School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology & Drug Discovery, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Winzeler
- School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology & Drug Discovery, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Witty
- Medicines for Malaria Venture , ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute , Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel , 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - María-Belén Jiménez-Díaz
- GlaxoSmithKline , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Santos Martínez
- GlaxoSmithKline , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ferrer
- GlaxoSmithKline , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- GlaxoSmithKline , Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Gonzàlez Cabrera D, Douelle F, Le Manach C, Han Z, Paquet T, Taylor D, Njoroge M, Lawrence N, Wiesner L, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Wittlin S, Street LJ, Chibale K. Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of Orally Active Antimalarial 2,4-Diamino-thienopyrimidines. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7572-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gonzàlez Cabrera
- Drug
Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Frederic Douelle
- Drug
Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Claire Le Manach
- Drug
Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Ze Han
- Drug
Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Tanya Paquet
- Drug
Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Dale Taylor
- Division
of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Mathew Njoroge
- Division
of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Nina Lawrence
- Division
of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Lubbe Wiesner
- Division
of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Institute
of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for
Malaria Venture, ICC, Route de Pré-Bois
20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael J. Witty
- Medicines for
Malaria Venture, ICC, Route de Pré-Bois
20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Leslie J. Street
- Drug
Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Drug
Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
- Institute
of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
- South
African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research
Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
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14
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Le Manach C, Paquet T, Gonzàlez Cabrera D, Younis Y, Taylor D, Wiesner L, Lawrence N, Schwager S, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Wittlin S, Street LJ, Chibale K. Medicinal chemistry optimization of antiplasmodial imidazopyridazine hits from high throughput screening of a softfocus kinase library: part 2. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8839-48. [PMID: 25313449 DOI: 10.1021/jm500887k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of our recent results on a novel series of imidazopyridazine-based antimalarials, we focused on identifying compounds with improved aqueous solubility and hERG profile while maintaining metabolic stability and in vitro potency. Toward this objective, 41 compounds were synthesized and evaluated for antiplasmodial activity against NF54 (sensitive) and K1 (multidrug resistant) strains of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and evaluated for both aqueous solubility and metabolic stability. Selected compounds were tested for in vitro hERG activity and in vivo efficacy in the P. berghei mouse model. Several compounds were identified with significantly improved aqueous solubility, good metabolic stability, and a clean hERG profile relative to a previous frontrunner lead compound. A sulfoxide-based imidazopyridazine analog 45, arising from a prodrug-like strategy, was completely curative in the Plasmodium berghei mouse model at 4 × 50 mg/kg po.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Le Manach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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15
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Ghidelli-Disse S, Lafuente-Monasterio MJ, Waterson D, Witty M, Younis Y, Paquet T, Street LJ, Chibale K, Gamo-Benito FJ, Bantscheff M, Drewes G. Identification of Plasmodium PI4 kinase as target of MMV390048 by chemoproteomics. Malar J 2014. [PMCID: PMC4179336 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-s1-p38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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16
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Ramachandran S, Hameed P. S, Srivastava A, Shanbhag G, Morayya S, Rautela N, Awasthy D, Kavanagh S, Bharath S, Reddy J, Panduga V, Prabhakar KR, Saralaya R, Nanduri R, Raichurkar A, Menasinakai S, Achar V, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Martínez MS, Angulo-Barturen I, Ferrer S, Sanz LM, Gamo FJ, Duffy S, Avery VM, Waterson D, Lee MCS, Coburn-Flynn O, Fidock DA, Iyer PS, Narayanan S, Hosagrahara V, Sambandamurthy VK. N-Aryl-2-aminobenzimidazoles: Novel, Efficacious, Antimalarial Lead Compounds. J Med Chem 2014; 57:6642-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500715u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Kavanagh
- Safety
Assessment, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - María Belén Jiménez-Díaz
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Santos Martínez
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ferrer
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura María Sanz
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gamo
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of the Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, Tres Cantos 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery
Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M. Avery
- Discovery
Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines
for Malaria Venture, International Center Cointrin, Route de Pré-Bois
20, Post Office Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marcus C. S. Lee
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology and Division of Infectious Diseases,
Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, 116th Street and Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Olivia Coburn-Flynn
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology and Division of Infectious Diseases,
Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, 116th Street and Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - David A. Fidock
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology and Division of Infectious Diseases,
Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, 116th Street and Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
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17
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Hameed P S, Chinnapattu M, Shanbag G, Manjrekar P, Koushik K, Raichurkar A, Patil V, Jatheendranath S, Rudrapatna SS, Barde SP, Rautela N, Awasthy D, Morayya S, Narayan C, Kavanagh S, Saralaya R, Bharath S, Viswanath P, Mukherjee K, Bandodkar B, Srivastava A, Panduga V, Reddy J, Prabhakar KR, Sinha A, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Martínez MS, Angulo-Barturen I, Ferrer S, Sanz LM, Gamo FJ, Duffy S, Avery VM, Magistrado PA, Lukens AK, Wirth DF, Waterson D, Balasubramanian V, Iyer PS, Narayanan S, Hosagrahara V, Sambandamurthy VK, Ramachandran S. Aminoazabenzimidazoles, a Novel Class of Orally Active Antimalarial Agents. J Med Chem 2014; 57:5702-13. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500535j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Kavanagh
- Safety
Assessment, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - María Belén Jiménez-Díaz
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Santos Martínez
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Angulo-Barturen
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ferrer
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura María Sanz
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gamo
- Tres
Cantos Medicines Development Campus, Diseases of Developing World
(DDW), GlaxoSmithKline, Severo Ochoa 2, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery
Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M. Avery
- Discovery
Biology, Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | | | - Amanda K. Lukens
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Dyann F. Wirth
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, International Center
Cointrin, Route de Pré-Bois 20, Post Office Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
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18
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Avery VM, Bashyam S, Burrows JN, Duffy S, Papadatos G, Puthukkuti S, Sambandan Y, Singh S, Spangenberg T, Waterson D, Willis P. Screening and hit evaluation of a chemical library against blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J 2014; 13:190. [PMID: 24886460 PMCID: PMC4094919 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In view of the need to continuously feed the pipeline with new anti-malarial agents adapted to differentiated and more stringent target product profiles (e.g., new modes of action, transmission-blocking activity or long-duration chemo-protection), a chemical library consisting of more than 250,000 compounds has been evaluated in a blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum growth inhibition assay and further assessed for chemical diversity and novelty. Methods The selection cascade used for the triaging of hits from the chemical library started with a robust three-step in vitro assay followed by an in silico analysis of the resulting confirmed hits. Upon reaching the predefined requirements for selectivity and potency, the set of hits was subjected to computational analysis to assess chemical properties and diversity. Furthermore, known marketed anti-malarial drugs were co-clustered acting as ‘signposts’ in the chemical space defined by the hits. Then, in cerebro evaluation of the chemical structures was performed to identify scaffolds that currently are or have been the focus of anti-malarial medicinal chemistry programmes. Next, prioritization according to relaxed physicochemical parameters took place, along with the search for structural analogues. Ultimately, synthesis of novel chemotypes with desired properties was performed and the resulting compounds were subsequently retested in a P. falciparum growth inhibition assay. Results This screening campaign led to a 1.25% primary hit rate, which decreased to 0.77% upon confirmatory repeat screening. With the predefined potency (EC50 < 1 μM) and selectivity (SI > 10) criteria, 178 compounds progressed to the next steps where chemical diversity, physicochemical properties and novelty assessment were taken into account. This resulted in the selection of 15 distinct chemical series. Conclusion A selection cascade was applied to prioritize hits resulting from the screening of a medium-sized chemical library against blood-stage P. falciparum. Emphasis was placed on chemical novelty whereby computational clustering, data mining of known anti-malarial chemotypes and the application of relaxed physicochemical filters, were key to the process. This led to the selection of 15 chemical series from which ten confirmed their activity when newly synthesized sample were tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Spangenberg
- Medicines for Malaria Venture MMV, ICC - Block G, 3rd Floor, route de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826, 1215 Geneva 15, Switzerland.
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19
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Hameed P S, Patil V, Solapure S, Sharma U, Madhavapeddi P, Raichurkar A, Chinnapattu M, Manjrekar P, Shanbhag G, Puttur J, Shinde V, Menasinakai S, Rudrapatana S, Achar V, Awasthy D, Nandishaiah R, Humnabadkar V, Ghosh A, Narayan C, Ramya VK, Kaur P, Sharma S, Werngren J, Hoffner S, Panduga V, Kumar CNN, Reddy J, Kumar KN M, Ganguly S, Bharath S, Bheemarao U, Mukherjee K, Arora U, Gaonkar S, Coulson M, Waterson D, Sambandamurthy VK, de Sousa SM. Novel N-Linked Aminopiperidine-Based Gyrase Inhibitors with Improved hERG and in Vivo Efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Med Chem 2014; 57:4889-905. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500432n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michelle Coulson
- Safety
Assessment, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, U.K
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20
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Le Manach C, Gonzàlez Cabrera D, Douelle F, Nchinda AT, Younis Y, Taylor D, Wiesner L, White KL, Ryan E, March C, Duffy S, Avery VM, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Wittlin S, Charman SA, Street LJ, Chibale K. Medicinal chemistry optimization of antiplasmodial imidazopyridazine hits from high throughput screening of a SoftFocus kinase library: part 1. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2789-98. [PMID: 24568587 DOI: 10.1021/jm500098s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel class of imidazopyridazines identified from whole cell screening of a SoftFocus kinase library was synthesized and evaluated for antiplasmodial activity against K1 (multidrug resistant strain) and NF54 (sensitive strain). Structure-activity relationship studies led to the identification of highly potent compounds against both strains. Compound 35 was highly active (IC50: K1 = 6.3 nM, NF54 = 7.3 nM) and comparable in potency to artesunate, and 35 exhibited 98% activity in the in vivo P. berghei mouse model (4-day test by Peters) at 4 × 50 mg/kg po. Compound 35 was also assessed against P. falciparum in the in vivo SCID mouse model where the efficacy was found to be more consistent with the in vitro activity. Furthermore, 35 displayed high (78%) rat oral bioavailability with good oral exposure and plasma half-life. Mice exposure at the same dose was 10-fold lower than in rat, suggesting lower oral absorption and/or higher metabolic clearance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Le Manach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa
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21
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González Cabrera D, Le Manach C, Douelle F, Younis Y, Feng TS, Paquet T, Nchinda AT, Street LJ, Taylor D, de Kock C, Wiesner L, Duffy S, White KL, Zabiulla KM, Sambandan Y, Bashyam S, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Charman SA, Avery VM, Wittlin S, Chibale K. 2,4-Diaminothienopyrimidines as orally active antimalarial agents. J Med Chem 2014; 57:1014-22. [PMID: 24446664 DOI: 10.1021/jm401760c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of 2,4-diaminothienopyrimidines with potential as antimalarials was identified from whole-cell high-throughput screening of a SoftFocus ion channel library. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies identified compounds with potent antiplasmodial activity and low in vitro cytotoxicity. Several of these analogues exhibited in vivo activity in the Plasmodium berghei mouse model when administered orally. However, inhibition of the hERG potassium channel was identified as a liability for this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego González Cabrera
- Department of Chemistry and ■Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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22
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Burrows JN, Elliott RL, Kaneko T, Mowbray CE, Waterson D. The role of modern drug discovery in the fight against neglected and tropical diseases. Med Chem Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00011k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Kale RR, Kale MG, Waterson D, Raichurkar A, Hameed SP, Manjunatha MR, Kishore Reddy BK, Malolanarasimhan K, Shinde V, Koushik K, Jena LK, Menasinakai S, Humnabadkar V, Madhavapeddi P, Basavarajappa H, Sharma S, Nandishaiah R, Mahesh Kumar KN, Ganguly S, Ahuja V, Gaonkar S, Naveen Kumar CN, Ogg D, Boriack-Sjodin PA, Sambandamurthy VK, de Sousa SM, Ghorpade SR. Thiazolopyridone ureas as DNA gyrase B inhibitors: optimization of antitubercular activity and efficacy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:870-9. [PMID: 24405701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Scaffold hopping from the thiazolopyridine ureas led to thiazolopyridone ureas with potent antitubercular activity acting through inhibition of DNA GyrB ATPase activity. Structural diversity was introduced, by extension of substituents from the thiazolopyridone N-4 position, to access hydrophobic interactions in the ribose pocket of the ATP binding region of GyrB. Further optimization of hydrogen bond interactions with arginines in site-2 of GyrB active site pocket led to potent inhibition of the enzyme (IC50 2 nM) along with potent cellular activity (MIC=0.1 μM) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Efficacy was demonstrated in an acute mouse model of tuberculosis on oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh R Kale
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Manoj G Kale
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - David Waterson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Anandkumar Raichurkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Shahul P Hameed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - M R Manjunatha
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - B K Kishore Reddy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Krishnan Malolanarasimhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Vikas Shinde
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Krishna Koushik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Lalit Kumar Jena
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Sreenivasaiah Menasinakai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Vaishali Humnabadkar
- Department of Biosciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Prashanti Madhavapeddi
- Department of Biosciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Halesha Basavarajappa
- Department of Biosciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Sreevalli Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Radha Nandishaiah
- Department of Biosciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - K N Mahesh Kumar
- DMPK and Animal Sciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Samit Ganguly
- DMPK and Animal Sciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Vijaykamal Ahuja
- DMPK and Animal Sciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Sheshagiri Gaonkar
- DMPK and Animal Sciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - C N Naveen Kumar
- DMPK and Animal Sciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Derek Ogg
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK
| | | | - Vasan K Sambandamurthy
- Department of Biosciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Sunita M de Sousa
- Department of Biosciences, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Sandeep R Ghorpade
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India.
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24
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Le Manach C, Scheurer C, Sax S, Schleiferböck S, Cabrera DG, Younis Y, Paquet T, Street L, Smith P, Ding XC, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Leroy D, Chibale K, Wittlin S. Fast in vitro methods to determine the speed of action and the stage-specificity of anti-malarials in Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J 2013; 12:424. [PMID: 24237770 PMCID: PMC3842807 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent whole cell in vitro screening campaigns identified thousands of compounds that are active against asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum at submicromolar concentrations. These hits have been made available to the public, providing many novel chemical starting points for anti-malarial drug discovery programmes. Knowing which of these hits are fast-acting compounds is of great interest. Firstly, a fast action will ensure rapid relief of symptoms for the patient. Secondly, by rapidly reducing the parasitaemia, this could minimize the occurrence of mutations leading to new drug resistance mechanisms. An in vitro assay that provides information about the speed of action of test compounds has been developed by researchers at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) in Spain. This assay also provides an in vitro measure for the ratio between parasitaemia at the onset of drug treatment and after one intra-erythrocytic cycle (parasite reduction ratio, PRR). Both parameters are needed to determine in vitro killing rates of anti-malarial compounds. A drawback of the killing rate assay is that it takes a month to obtain first results. Methods The approach described in the present study is focused only on the speed of action of anti-malarials. This has the advantage that initial results can be achieved within 4–7 working days, which helps to distinguish between fast and slow-acting compounds relatively quickly. It is expected that this new assay can be used as a filter in the early drug discovery phase, which will reduce the number of compounds progressing to secondary, more time-consuming assays like the killing rate assay. Results The speed of action of a selection of seven anti-malarial compounds was measured with two independent experimental procedures using modifications of the standard [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay. Depending on the outcome of both assays, the tested compounds were classified as either fast or non-fast-acting. Conclusion The results obtained for the anti-malarials chloroquine, artesunate, atovaquone, and pyrimethamine are consistent with previous observations, suggesting the methodology is a valid way to rapidly identify fast-acting anti-malarial compounds. Another advantage of the approach is its ability to discriminate between static or cidal compound effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sergio Wittlin
- Parasite Chemotherapy Unit, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
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25
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Younis Y, Douelle F, González Cabrera D, Le Manach C, Nchinda AT, Paquet T, Street LJ, White KL, Zabiulla KM, Joseph JT, Bashyam S, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Wittlin S, Charman SA, Chibale K. Structure–Activity-Relationship Studies around the 2-Amino Group and Pyridine Core of Antimalarial 3,5-Diarylaminopyridines Lead to a Novel Series of Pyrazine Analogues with Oral in Vivo Activity. J Med Chem 2013; 56:8860-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401278d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yassir Younis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Frederic Douelle
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | | | - Claire Le Manach
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Aloysius T. Nchinda
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Tanya Paquet
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Leslie J. Street
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Karen L. White
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - K. Mohammed Zabiulla
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3. Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Jayan T. Joseph
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3. Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Sridevi Bashyam
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3. Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, ICC Building, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael J. Witty
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, ICC Building, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Socinstrasse
57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute
of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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26
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Kale MG, Raichurkar A, P SH, Waterson D, McKinney D, Manjunatha MR, Kranthi U, Koushik K, Jena LK, Shinde V, Rudrapatna S, Barde S, Humnabadkar V, Madhavapeddi P, Basavarajappa H, Ghosh A, Ramya VK, Guptha S, Sharma S, Vachaspati P, Kumar KM, Giridhar J, Reddy J, Panduga V, Ganguly S, Ahuja V, Gaonkar S, Kumar CNN, Ogg D, Tucker JA, Boriack-Sjodin PA, de Sousa SM, Sambandamurthy VK, Ghorpade SR. Thiazolopyridine Ureas as Novel Antitubercular Agents Acting through Inhibition of DNA Gyrase B. J Med Chem 2013; 56:8834-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401268f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David McKinney
- Chemistry,
Infection iMed, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Derek Ogg
- Discovery
Sciences, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A. Tucker
- Discovery
Sciences, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, United Kingdom
| | - P. Ann Boriack-Sjodin
- Biosciences,
Infection iMed, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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27
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Younis Y, Street LJ, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Chibale K. Cell-Based Medicinal Chemistry Optimization of High Throughput Screening Hits for Orally Active Antimalarials. Part 2: Hits from SoftFocus Kinase and other Libraries. J Med Chem 2013; 56:7750-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400279y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yassir Younis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Leslie J. Street
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria
Venture, ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael J. Witty
- Medicines for Malaria
Venture, ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute of
Infectious
Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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28
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González Cabrera D, Douelle F, Younis Y, Feng TS, Le Manach C, Nchinda AT, Street LJ, Scheurer C, Kamber J, White KL, Montagnat OD, Ryan E, Katneni K, Zabiulla KM, Joseph JT, Bashyam S, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Charman SA, Wittlin S, Chibale K. Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of Orally Active Antimalarial 3,5-Substituted 2-Aminopyridines. J Med Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301476b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Frederic Douelle
- Department of Chemistry,
University
of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Yassir Younis
- Department of Chemistry,
University
of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Tzu-Shean Feng
- Department of Chemistry,
University
of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Claire Le Manach
- Department of Chemistry,
University
of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Aloysius T. Nchinda
- Department of Chemistry,
University
of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Leslie J. Street
- Department of Chemistry,
University
of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Christian Scheurer
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health
Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jolanda Kamber
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health
Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen L. White
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation,
Monash University (Parkville campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville,
VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Oliver D. Montagnat
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation,
Monash University (Parkville campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville,
VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Eileen Ryan
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation,
Monash University (Parkville campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville,
VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kasiram Katneni
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation,
Monash University (Parkville campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville,
VIC 3052, Australia
| | - K. Mohammed Zabiulla
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Jayan T. Joseph
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Sridevi Bashyam
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture,
ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael J. Witty
- Medicines for Malaria Venture,
ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation,
Monash University (Parkville campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville,
VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health
Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry,
University
of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease
and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701,
South Africa
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29
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Edlin CD, Morgans G, Winks S, Duffy S, Avery VM, Wittlin S, Waterson D, Burrows J, Bryans J. Identification and In-Vitro ADME Assessment of a Series of Novel Anti-Malarial Agents Suitable for Hit-to-Lead Chemistry. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:570-3. [PMID: 24900512 DOI: 10.1021/ml300091c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Triage of a set of antimalaria hit compounds, identified through high throughput screening against the Chloroquine sensitive (3D7) and resistant (Dd2) parasite Plasmodium falciparum strains identified several novel chemotypes suitable for hit-to-lead chemistry investigation. The set was further refined through investigation of their in vitro ADME properties, which identified templates with good potential to be developed further as antimalarial agents. One example was profiled in an in vivo murine Plasmodium berghei model of malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris D. Edlin
- iThemba Pharmaceuticals, P.O. Box 21, Modderfontein
1645, South Africa
| | - Garreth Morgans
- iThemba Pharmaceuticals, P.O. Box 21, Modderfontein
1645, South Africa
| | - Susan Winks
- iThemba Pharmaceuticals, P.O. Box 21, Modderfontein
1645, South Africa
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery
Biology Institute, Griffith University,
Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M. Avery
- Discovery
Biology Institute, Griffith University,
Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel,
Switzerland
| | - David Waterson
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, ICCRoute de Pre-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215
Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy Burrows
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, ICCRoute de Pre-Bois 20, P.O. Box 1826, 1215
Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Justin Bryans
- Medical Research Council Technology, 1-3 Burtonhole Lane, Mill Hill,
London, United Kingdom
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30
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Younis Y, Douelle F, Feng TS, González Cabrera D, Le Manach C, Nchinda AT, Duffy S, White KL, Shackleford DM, Morizzi J, Mannila J, Katneni K, Bhamidipati R, Zabiulla KM, Joseph JT, Bashyam S, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Hardick D, Wittlin S, Avery V, Charman SA, Chibale K. 3,5-Diaryl-2-aminopyridines as a novel class of orally active antimalarials demonstrating single dose cure in mice and clinical candidate potential. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3479-87. [PMID: 22390538 DOI: 10.1021/jm3001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of orally active antimalarial 3,5-diaryl-2-aminopyridines has been identified from phenotypic whole cell high-throughput screening of a commercially available SoftFocus kinase library. The compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antiplasmodial activity against K1 (chloroquine and drug-resistant strain) and NF54 (chloroquine-susceptible strain) as well as for their cytotoxicity. Synthesis and structure-activity studies identified a number of promising compounds with selective antiplasmodial activity. One of these frontrunner compounds, 15, was equipotent across the two strains (K1 = 25.0 nM, NF54 = 28.0 nM) and superior to chloroquine in the K1 strain (chloroquine IC(50) K1 = 194.0 nM). Compound 15 completely cured Plasmodium berghei-infected mice with a single oral dose of 30 mg/kg. Dose-response studies generated ED(50) and ED(90) values of 0.83 and 1.74 mg/kg for 15 in the standard four-dose Peters test. Pharmacokinetic studies in the rat indicated that this compound has good oral bioavailability (51% at 20 mg/kg) and a reasonable half-life (t(1/2) ∼ 7-8 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassir Younis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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31
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Zhang YK, Plattner JJ, Freund YR, Easom EE, Zhou Y, Ye L, Zhou H, Waterson D, Gamo FJ, Sanz LM, Ge M, Li Z, Li L, Wang H, Cui H. Benzoxaborole antimalarial agents. Part 2: Discovery of fluoro-substituted 7-(2-carboxyethyl)-1,3-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaboroles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:1299-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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32
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González Cabrera D, Douelle F, Feng TS, Nchinda AT, Younis Y, White KL, Wu Q, Ryan E, Burrows JN, Waterson D, Witty MJ, Wittlin S, Charman SA, Chibale K. Novel orally active antimalarial thiazoles. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7713-9. [PMID: 21966980 DOI: 10.1021/jm201108k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An aminomethylthiazole pyrazole carboxamide lead 3 with good in vitro antiplasmodial activity [IC(50): 0.08 μM (K1, chloroquine and multidrug resistant strain) and 0.07 μM (NF54, chloroquine sensitive strain)] and microsomal metabolic stability was identified from whole cell screening of a SoftFocus kinase library. Compound 3 also exhibited in vivo activity in the P. berghei mouse model at 4 × 50 mg/kg administration via the oral route, showing 99.5% activity and 9 days survival and showed low in vitro cytotoxicity. Pharmacokinetic studies in rats revealed good oral bioavailability (51% at 22 mg/kg) with a moderate rate of absorption, reasonable half-life (t(1/2) 3 h), and high volume of distribution with moderately high plasma and blood clearance after IV administration. Toward toxicity profiling, 3 exhibited moderate potential to inhibit CYP1A2 (IC(50) = 1.5 μM) and 2D6 (IC(50) = 0.4 μM) as well as having a potential hERG liability (IC(50) = 3.7 μM).
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Zhang YK, Plattner JJ, Freund YR, Easom EE, Zhou Y, Gut J, Rosenthal PJ, Waterson D, Gamo FJ, Angulo-Barturen I, Ge M, Li Z, Li L, Jian Y, Cui H, Wang H, Yang J. Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of novel benzoxaboroles as a new class of antimalarial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:644-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Rowsell S, Hawtin P, Minshull CA, Jepson H, Brockbank SMV, Barratt DG, Slater AM, McPheat WL, Waterson D, Henney AM, Pauptit RA. Crystal structure of human MMP9 in complex with a reverse hydroxamate inhibitor. J Mol Biol 2002; 319:173-81. [PMID: 12051944 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors are important in connective tissue re-modelling in diseases of the cardiovascular system, such as atherosclerosis. Various members of the MMP family have been shown to be expressed in atherosclerotic lesions, but MMP9 is consistently seen in inflammatory atherosclerotic lesions. MMP9 over-expression is implicated in the vascular re-modelling events preceding plaque rupture (the most common cause of acute myocardial infarction). Reduced MMP9 activity, either by genetic manipulation or through pharmacological intervention, has an impact on ventricular re-modelling following infarction. MMP9 activity may therefore represent a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of heart failure. We have determined the crystal structure, at 2.3 A resolution, of the catalytic domain of human MMP9 bound to a peptidic reverse hydroxamate inhibitor as well as the complex of the same inhibitor bound to an active-site mutant (E402Q) at 2.1 A resolution. MMP9 adopts the typical MMP fold. The catalytic centre is composed of the active-site zinc ion, co-ordinated by three histidine residues (401, 405 and 411) and the essential glutamic acid residue (402). The main differences between the catalytic domains of various MMPs occur in the S1' subsite or selectivity pocket. The S1' specificity site in MMP9 is perhaps best described as a tunnel leading toward solvent, as in MMP2 and MMP13, as opposed to the smaller pocket found in fibroblast collagenase and matrilysin. The present structure enables us to aid the design of potent and specific inhibitors for this important cardiovascular disease target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siân Rowsell
- AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
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Brown GR, Foubister AJ, Johnson MC, Newcombe NJ, Waterson D, Wells SL. Novel 4-piperidinopyridine inhibitors of oxidosqualene cyclase-lanosterol synthase derived by consideration of inhibitor pK(a). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2213-6. [PMID: 11514173 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Potent inhibition of rat microsomal oxidosqualene cyclase-lanosterol synthase (OSC) was maintained after structural modification of the 4-piperidinopyridine OSC inhibitor series. These novel analogues with a much lower pK(a) range (5.8-6.7) gave potent oral inhibition of rat cholesterol biosynthesis (8 ED(80) 0.7 mg/kg), and diminished effects on rat feeding after a 100 mg/kg oral dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Brown
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, Cheshire, UK.
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37
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Brown GR, Hollinshead DM, Stokes ES, Waterson D, Clarke DS, Foubister AJ, Glossop SC, McTaggart F, Mirrlees DJ, Smith GJ, Wood R. A novel series of 4-piperidinopyridine and 4-piperidinopyrimidine inhibitors of 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase-lanosterol synthase. J Med Chem 2000; 43:4964-72. [PMID: 11150166 DOI: 10.1021/jm000139k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of 4-piperidinopyridines and 4-piperidinopyrimidines showed potent and selective inhibition of rat 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase-lanosterol synthase (OSC) (e.g. 26 IC(50) rat = 398 +/- 25 nM, human = 112 +/- 25 nM) and gave selective oral inhibition of rat cholesterol biosynthesis (26 ED(80) = 1.2 +/- 0.3 mg/kg, n = 5; HMGCoA reductase inhibitor simvastatin ED(80) = 1.2 +/- 0.3 mg/kg, n = 5). The piperidinopyrimidine OSC inhibitors have a significantly lower pK(a) than the corresponding pyridine or the previously reported quinuclidine OSC inhibitor series. This indicates that other novel OSC inhibitors may be found in analogues of this series across a broader pK(a) range (6.0-9.0). These series may yield novel hypocholesterolemic agents for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Brown
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, U.K.
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38
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Crawley GC, Bird TG, Bruneau P, Dowell RI, Edwards PN, Foster SJ, Girodeau JM, McMillan RM, Walker ER, Waterson D. Structure and activity relationships leading to the discovery of ICI D2138, a selective, potent and orally active inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase. J Lipid Mediat 1993; 6:249-57. [PMID: 8395247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Structure and activity relationships of (methoxyalkyl)thiazole and 4-methoxytetrahydropyran series of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors are reviewed. One member of the 4-methoxytetrahydropyran series, 6-([fluoro-5-(4-methoxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)phenoxy]methyl) -1- methylquinol-2-one (ICI D2138), is undergoing clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Crawley
- Research Department 1, ICI Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK
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Crawley GC, Briggs MT, Dowell RI, Edwards PN, Hamilton PM, Kingston JF, Oldham K, Waterson D, Whalley DP. 4-Methoxy-2-methyltetrahydropyrans: chiral leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors, related to ICI D2138, which display enantioselectivity. J Med Chem 1993; 36:295-6. [PMID: 8380872 DOI: 10.1021/jm00054a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G C Crawley
- Chemistry 1 Department, ICI Pharmaceuticals, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK
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40
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Boa AN, Guest AL, Jenkins PR, Fawcett J, Russell DR, Waterson D. Synthesis of α-alkyl-α-benzyl amino acid derivatives, via the diastereoselective alkylation of (3S,5R)-N,3-dibenzyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-5-phenyl-1,4-oxazin-2-one. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1039/p19930000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Jackson RFW, Kirk JM, Palmer NJ, Waterson D, Wythes MJ. Control of diastereoselectivity in the nucleophilic epoxidation of 1-arylthro-1-nitroalkenes: synthesis of diastereoisomerically pure γ-hydroxy threonine derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1039/c39930000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Crawley GC, Dowell RI, Edwards PN, Foster SJ, McMillan RM, Walker ER, Waterson D, Bird TG, Bruneau P, Giroaeau JM. Methoxytetrahydropyrans. A new series of selective and orally potent 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. J Med Chem 1992; 35:2600-9. [PMID: 1321908 DOI: 10.1021/jm00092a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of the SAR of the lead (methoxyalkyl)thiazole 1-[3-(naphth-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]-1-thiazol-2-ylprop yl methyl ether (1, ICI 211965) led to the methoxytetrahydropyrans, a new series of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LPO) inhibitors exemplified by the parent compound 4-[3-(naphth-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]-4- methoxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyran (4f). In vitro 4f inhibited leukotriene C4 (LTC4) synthesis in zymosan-stimulated plasma-free mouse macrophages and LTB4 synthesis in A-23187-stimulated human whole blood (IC50s 0.5 nM and 0.07 microM, respectively). In the rat 4f inhibited LTB4 synthesis in blood ex vivo and in zymosan-inflamed air pouch exudate with an ED50 3 h after oral dosing of 10 mg/kg in each system. In seeking more potent orally active compounds, strategies were explored in congeners of 4f for reducing lipophilicity without sacrificing potency. For example, replacement of 2-naphthyl of 4f by various aza- and oxoheterocycles afforded compounds in which log P is reduced by 1.7-2.3 units while potency in human whole blood in vitro was maintained or enhanced relative to 4f. In addition, the oxoheterocyclic replacements provided compounds with improved oral potency and the preferred compound from this group is 6-[[3-fluoro-5-(4-methoxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)phenoxy]methyl]-1-methylquinol-2-one (4y). In the in vitro systems, 4y inhibited LT formation with IC50s in mouse macrophages and human whole blood of 3 nM and 0.02 microM, respectively. 4y did not inhibit the synthesis of cyclooxygenase (CO) products at concentrations up to 500 microM in human blood, a selectivity for 5-LPO over CO of greater than 20,000-fold. In the rat 4y inhibited the formation of LTB4 in blood ex vivo and in inflammatory exudate with ED50s 3 h after oral dosing of 0.9 and 0.3 mg/kg, respectively. 4y was more potent in vitro in human whole blood and in rat blood ex vivo at 3 h than either the 5-LPO inhibitor A-64077 or the FLAP antagonist MK-886. Based on these data 4y (ICI D2138) has been entered into development as an orally active, selective 5-LPO inhibitor for clinical evaluation in inflammatory conditions in which LTs are believed to play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Crawley
- Chemistry Department, ICI Pharmaceuticals, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK
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43
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Crump RANC, Fleming I, Hill JHM, Parker D, Reddy NL, Waterson D. The diastereoselectivity of electrophilic attack on trigonal carbon adjacent to a stereogenic centre: diastereoselective alkylation and protonation of open-chain enolates having a stereogenic centre carrying a silyl group at the ? position. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1039/p19920003277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bradbury RH, Major JS, Oldham AA, Rivett JE, Roberts DA, Slater AM, Timms D, Waterson D. 1,2,4-Triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine derivatives with human renin inhibitory activity. 2. Synthesis, biological properties and molecular modeling of hydroxyethylene isostere derivatives. J Med Chem 1990; 33:2335-42. [PMID: 2118184 DOI: 10.1021/jm00171a006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of inhibitors of human renin have been synthesized, derived from combination of a 2-(8-propyl-6-pyridin-3-yl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-3-yl)- 3-pyridin- 3-ylpropionic acid moiety 6c with the hydroxyethylene isostere of the scissile amide bond (2S,4S,5S)-5-amino-6-cyclohexyl-4-hydroxy-2-isopropylhexanoic acid (ChaOH--Val). The more potent members of this series showed good inhibitory activity against partially purified human renin, 7d, for example, having an IC50 of 0.2 nM. Structure-activity relationships for these compounds were consistent with their binding to the S4-S2' sites of human renin. Analogues 7e and 7h-k with a variety of substituents at the C-terminus all had in vitro IC50S less than 1 nM. In contrast with the majority of previously reported inhibitors of similar potency, these compounds contain no natural amino acid fragments. When administered intravenously to anesthetized, sodium-depleted marmosets at doses of 0.3-3.0 mg/kg, compound 7d caused a marked reduction in mean arterial pressure. Following oral administration at 30 mg/kg in the same animal model, 7d again elicited a significant fall in mean arterial pressure, accompanied by suppression of plasma renin activity lasting up to 3 h after dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Bradbury
- Department of Chemistry, ICI Pharmaceuticals, Mereside, Cheshire, U.K
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45
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Bradbury RH, Revill JM, Rivett JE, Waterson D. An efficient synthesis of the γ-lactone corresponding to a hydroxyethylene dipeptide isostere using stereoselective bromolactonisation of a chiral acyloxazolidinone. Tetrahedron Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)80674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Fleming I, Hill JHM, Parker D, Waterson D. Diastereoselectivity in the alkylation and protonation of some β-silyl enolates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1039/c39850000318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Fleming I, Waterson D. A synthesis of allylsilanes in which the silyl group is at the more-substituted end of the allyl group. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1039/p19840001809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Waterson D. CHAOS AND CRIME IN LIBRARIES. Bull Med Libr Assoc 1913; 2:42-5. [PMID: 16015750 PMCID: PMC234604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
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50
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Waterson D. On Finding Books. Aesculapian 1909; 1:198-200. [PMID: 18340713 PMCID: PMC1712659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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