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Beckett M, Goethals L, Kraus RD, Denysenko K, Gentile MFBM, Pynda Y, Abdel-Wahab M. Radiotherapy Capabilities, Population, Average Income, and Health Insurance Status as Predictors of Cancer Mortality at the County Level in the United States. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e6. [PMID: 37785808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Sufficient radiotherapy capacity at the country level is commonly seen in high income countries and is an essential factor in access to high quality cancer care. However, universal access is not always possible due to other factors beyond the commonly used parameter of machines per million population. This study aims to assess the barriers cancer patients in a high-income country face in accessing radiotherapy, and how this impacts cancer mortality. MATERIALS/METHODS This cross-sectional study utilized United States county level oncologic and demographic data obtained from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the International Atomic Energy Agency Directory of Radiotherapy Centers. Radiotherapy facilities in the United States were mapped using Geographic Information Systems software. Univariate analysis was used to identify whether distance to a radiotherapy center or various socioeconomic factors were predictive of all-cancer mortality-to-incidence ratios. Variables that were deemed to be significant (p ≤ 0.05) on univariate analysis were then included in a step-wise backwards elimination method of multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Among the United States counties studied, 31.3% of counties have at least one radiotherapy facility and 8.3% have five or more radiotherapy facilities. Median linear distance from a county's centroid to the nearest radiotherapy center was 36 Km and the median county all-cancer mortality to incidence ratio (MIR) was 0.37. The ratio of radiotherapy centers, linear accelerators and brachy therapy units per 1 million people were significantly associated with all-cancer MIR (p<0.05). Greater distance to radiotherapy facilities, lower county population, lower average income per county, and higher proportion of patients without health insurance were statistically significant predictors of increased all-cancer MIR (R-squared: 0.2113, F = 94.22, p<0.001). CONCLUSION This analysis used unique high-quality datasets to identify significant barriers to radiotherapy access that correspond to higher cancer mortality at the county level. Geographic access, personal income, and insurance status all contribute to these concerning disparities. Efforts and novel strategies to address and minimize these barriers are needed to ensure access to care and improve oncologic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beckett
- University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - L Goethals
- Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - R D Kraus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - K Denysenko
- Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - M F B M Gentile
- Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Pynda
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
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Kraus RD, Espuelas C, Hämmerle CHF, Jung RE, Sailer I, Thoma DS. Five-year randomized controlled clinical study comparing cemented and screw-retained zirconia-based implant-supported single crowns. Clin Oral Implants Res 2022; 33:537-547. [PMID: 35224774 PMCID: PMC9313572 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To compare screw‐retained and cemented all‐ceramic implant‐supported single crowns regarding biological and technical outcomes over a 5‐year observation period. Materials and methods In 44 patients, 44 two‐piece dental implants were placed in single‐tooth gaps in the esthetic zone. Patients randomly received a screw‐retained (SR) or cemented (CR) all‐ceramic single crown and were then re‐examined annually up to 5 years. Outcome measures included: clinical, biological, technical, and radiographic parameters. Data were statistically analyzed with Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney, Wilcoxon, and Fisher's exact tests. Results During the observation period, three patients (6.8%) were loss to follow‐up. Eight restorations (18.2%, CI (8.2%, 32.7%)) were lost due to technical (6 patients, 13.6% (CI (5.2%, 27.4%)), 2 CR and 4 SR group, intergroup p = .673; implants still present) or biological complications (2 patients, 4.5% (CI (0.6%, 16.5%)), only CR group, intergroup p = .201, both implants lost). This resulted in a survival rate of 81.2% (CI (65.9%, 90.1%)) on the restorative level (18 SR; 15 CR, 3 lost to follow‐up). At the 5‐year follow‐up, the median marginal bone levels were located slightly apical relative to the implant shoulder with 0.4 mm (0.5; 0.3) (SR) and 0.4 mm (0.8; 0.3) (CR) (intergroup p = .582). Cemented restorations demonstrated a significantly higher biological complication rate (36.8%, SR: 0.0%; intergroup p = .0022), as well as a significantly higher overall complication rate (68.4%, SR: 22.7%, intergroup p = .0049). All other outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups (p > .05). Conclusions All‐ceramic single‐tooth restorations on two‐piece dental implants resulted in a relatively low survival rate. Cemented restorations were associated with a higher biological and overall complication rate than screw‐retained restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo D Kraus
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Catharina Espuelas
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph H F Hämmerle
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ronald E Jung
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irena Sailer
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel S Thoma
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kraus RD, Stricker A, Thoma DS, Jung RE. Sinus Floor Elevation with Biphasic Calcium Phosphate or Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral: Clinical and Histomorphometric Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2020; 35:1005-1012. [PMID: 32991652 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.8211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To clinically and histomorphometrically compare a biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) for sinus floor elevation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sinus floor elevation procedures (lateral window) were performed randomly applying either BCP (test) or DBBM (control). At 6 months, bone biopsy specimens were harvested and dental implants were placed. The proportions of new bone, residual grafting material, and nonmineralized soft tissue were calculated. Four months after implant placement, the prosthetic reconstructions were inserted and the implant survival was assessed. RESULTS Fifty-one patients were treated; 25 were randomly allocated to the BCP group and 26 to the DBBM group. After 6 months in 50 patients, bone biopsy specimens could be harvested, and a total of 121 implants could be placed subsequently. The histomorphometric analysis revealed a comparable percentage of new bone in both groups (BCP 35.9%, DBBM 35.4%; P > .05). The remaining grafting material was significantly lower with BCP (25.3%) compared with DBBM (45.9%; P < .001). Nonmineralized tissue was significantly higher for the BCP group (38.1%) compared with the DBBM group (18.2%; P < .001). The implant survival rate at loading was assessed at the level of the patients (96.0% for BCP and 88.8% for DBBM; P > .05) and at the level of the implants (96.9% for BCP and 94.7% for DBBM; P > .05). CONCLUSION Grafting with DBBM or BCP showed similar percentages of new bone 6 months after sinus floor elevation. Implant survival presented no significant difference until loading.
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Kraus RD, Espuelas C, Hämmerle C, Jung R, Sailer I, Thoma D. Cemented vs. screw‐retained single implant all‐ceramic crowns: 5‐year results of a clinical RCT. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.35_13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo D Kraus
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Catharina Espuelas
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hämmerle
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ronald Jung
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irena Sailer
- Division of fixed prosthodontics and biomaterials, University clinics for dental medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Thoma
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kraus RD, Epprecht A, Hämmerle CH, Sailer I, Thoma DS. Cemented vs screw-retained zirconia-based single implant reconstructions: A 3-year prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019; 21:578-585. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo D. Kraus
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Alyssa Epprecht
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Christoph H.F. Hämmerle
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Irena Sailer
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials; University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Daniel S. Thoma
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
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Sailer I, Mühlemann S, Kohal RJ, Spies BC, Pjetursson BE, Lang NP, Gotfredsen KL, Ellingsen JE, Francisco H, Özcan M, Hassan B, Pardo GE, Bardaji JA, Kraus RD, Wennerberg A. Reconstructive aspects: Summary and consensus statements of group 3. The 5 th EAO Consensus Conference 2018. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 29 Suppl 18:237-242. [PMID: 30306691 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The tasks of this working group were to evaluate the existing evidence on the efficiency and efficacy of the digital and conventional workflows for the fabrication of fixed implant reconstructions, to assess the performance of all-ceramic fixed implant reconstructions and, finally, to evaluate the outcomes of internally and externally connected implant abutments and reconstructions. METHODS Four reviews were available analyzing the current literature on the respective topics. One review dealt with the efficiency and efficacy of digital and conventional fabrication workflows. Two reviews analyzed the outcomes of all-ceramic fixed implant reconstructions, one focusing on single-implant reconstructions and the other evaluating multiple-unit implant fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). The fourth review evaluated the clinical outcome on external, respectively, internal implant-abutment connections. These reviews were the basis for the discussions within the group and at the plenary sessions. RESULTS The present consensus report gives the consensus statements, the clinical recommendations, and the implications for future research as discussed and approved by the plenum of the consensus conference. The four manuscripts by Mühlemann et al., Rabel et al., Pieralli et al., and Pjetursson et al. are published as part of the journal supplement of the present EAO consensus conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Sailer
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sven Mühlemann
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralf J Kohal
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt C Spies
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, CC 3 Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Charité University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bjarni E Pjetursson
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Reconstructive Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Niklaus P Lang
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus L Gotfredsen
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan E Ellingsen
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bassam Hassan
- Department of Dentistry, Acibadem International Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guillem E Pardo
- Private Practice, Alicante, Spain.,Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier A Bardaji
- Private Practice, Valencia, Spain.,Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Riccardo D Kraus
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ann Wennerberg
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Mühlemann S, Kraus RD, Hämmerle CHF, Thoma DS. Is the use of digital technologies for the fabrication of implant-supported reconstructions more efficient and/or more effective than conventional techniques: A systematic review. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 29 Suppl 18:184-195. [PMID: 30306680 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify clinical studies evaluating efficiency and/or effectiveness of digital technologies as compared to conventional manufacturing procedures for the fabrication of implant-supported reconstructions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search from 1990 through July 2017 was performed using the online databases Medline, Embase, and Cochrane-Central-Register-of-Controlled-Trials. Literature on efficiency and/or effectiveness during the impression session, the manufacturing process, and the delivery session were included. RESULTS In total, 12 clinical studies were included. No meta-analysis was performed due to a large heterogeneity of the study protocols. Nine publications reported on posterior single implant crowns (SIC) and three on full-arch reconstructions. Mean impression time with intraoral scanners ranged between 6.7 and 19.8 min, whereas the range for conventional impressions was 8.8 and 18.4 min. In a fully digital workflow (FD-WF) for posterior SIC, mean fabrication time ranged between 46.8 and 54.5 min (prefabricated abutment) and 68.0 min (customized abutment). In a hybrid workflow (H-WF) including a digitally customized abutment and a manual veneering, mean fabrication time ranged between 132.5 and 158.1 min. For a conventional porcelain-fused-to-metal-crown, a mean time of 189.8 min was reported. The mean time for the delivery of posterior SIC ranged between 7.3 and 7.4 min (FD-WF), 10.5 and 12.5 min (H-WF), and 15.3 min (conventional workflow, C-WF). The FD-WF for posterior SIC was more effective than the H-/C-WF. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of the studied digital technologies increased time efficiency for the laboratory fabrication of implant-supported reconstructions. For posterior SIC, the model-free fabrication, the use of prefabricated abutments, and the monolithic design was most time efficient and most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Mühlemann
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo D Kraus
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph H F Hämmerle
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel S Thoma
- Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kraus RD, von Arx T, Gfeller D, Ducommun J, Jensen SS. Assessment of the Nonoperated Root after Apical Surgery of the Other Root in Mandibular Molars: A 5-year Follow-up Study. J Endod 2015; 41:442-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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