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Porges EC, Jensen G, Foster B, Edden RAE, Puts NAJ. The trajectory of cortical GABA across the lifespan, an individual participant data meta-analysis of edited MRS studies. eLife 2021; 10:e62575. [PMID: 34061022 PMCID: PMC8225386 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human brain and can be measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Conflicting accounts report decreases and increases in cortical GABA levels across the lifespan. This incompatibility may be an artifact of the size and age range of the samples utilized in these studies. No single study to date has included the entire lifespan. In this study, eight suitable datasets were integrated to generate a model of the trajectory of frontal GABA estimates (as reported through edited MRS; both expressed as ratios and in institutional units) across the lifespan. Data were fit using both a log-normal curve and a nonparametric spline as regression models using a multi-level Bayesian model utilizing the Stan language. Integrated data show that an asymmetric lifespan trajectory of frontal GABA measures involves an early period of increase, followed by a period of stability during early adulthood, with a gradual decrease during adulthood and aging that is described well by both spline and log-normal models. The information gained will provide a general framework to inform expectations of future studies based on the age of the population being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
- McKnight Brain Research Foundation, University of FloridaUnited StatesUnited States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Greg Jensen
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Brent Foster
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
- McKnight Brain Research Foundation, University of FloridaUnited StatesUnited States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Richard AE Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Nicolaas AJ Puts
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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Bell T, Boudes ES, Loo RS, Barker GJ, Lythgoe DJ, Edden RAE, Lebel RM, Wilson M, Harris AD. In vivo Glx and Glu measurements from GABA-edited MRS at 3 T. NMR Biomed 2021; 34:e4245. [PMID: 31990112 PMCID: PMC7384936 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In vivo quantification of glutamate (Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) using MRS is often achieved using two separate sequences: a short-echo point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) acquisition for Glu and a Mescher-Garwood PRESS (MEGA-PRESS) acquisition for GABA. The purpose of this study was to examine the agreement of Glu and Glx (the combined signal of glutamate + glutamine) quantified from two different GABA-edited MEGA-PRESS acquisitions (GABA plus macromolecules, GABA+, TE = 68 ms, and macromolecule suppressed, MMSup, TE = 80 ms) with Glu and Glx quantified from a short-echo PRESS (PRESS-35, TE = 35 ms) acquisition. Fifteen healthy male volunteers underwent a single scan session, in which data were acquired using the three acquisitions (GABA+, MMSup and PRESS-35) in both the sensorimotor and anterior cingulate cortices using a voxel size of 3 × 3 × 3 cm3 . Glx and Glu were quantified from the MEGA-PRESS data using both the OFF sub-spectra and the difference (DIFF) spectra. Agreement was assessed using correlation analyses, Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients. Glx quantified from the OFF sub-spectra from both the GABA+ and MMSup acquisitions showed poor agreement with PRESS-35 in both brain regions. In the sensorimotor cortex, Glu quantified from the OFF sub-spectra of GABA+ showed moderate agreement with PRESS-35 data, but this finding was not replicated in the anterior cingulate cortex. Glx and Glu quantified using the DIFF spectra of either MEGA-PRESS sequence were in poor agreement with the PRESS-35 data in both brain regions. In conclusion, Glx and Glu measured from MEGA-PRESS data generally showed poor agreement with Glx and Glu measured using PRESS-35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Bell
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Elodie S Boudes
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Rachelle S Loo
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Gareth J Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - David J Lythgoe
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Richard AE Edden
- Russel H Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- F.M. Kirby Centre for Functional MRI, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Martin Wilson
- Centre for Human Brain Health and School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ashley D Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada
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