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Grandhi TSP, To J, Romero A, Luna F, Barnes W, Walker J, Moran R, Newlin R, Miraglia L, Orth AP, Horman SR. High-throughput CRISPR-mediated 3D enrichment platform for functional interrogation of chemotherapeutic resistance. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3187-3199. [PMID: 34050941 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease of somatic mutations. These cellular mutations compete to dominate their microenvironment and dictate the disease outcome. While a therapeutic approach to target-specific oncogenic driver mutations helps to manage the disease, subsequent molecular evolution of tumor cells threatens to overtake therapeutic progress. There is a need for rapid, high-throughput, unbiased in vitro discovery screening platforms that capture the native complexities of the tumor and rapidly identify mutations that confer chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Taking the example of the CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) class of drugs, we show that the pooled in vitro CRISPR screening platform enables rapid discovery of drug resistance mutations in a three-dimensional (3D) setting. Gene-edited cancer cell clones assembled into an organotypic multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS), exposed to CDK4/6i caused selection and enrichment of the most drug-resistant phenotypes, detectable by next-gen sequencing after a span of 28 days. The platform was sufficiently sensitive to enrich for even a single drug-resistant cell within a large, drug-responsive complex 3D tumor spheroid. The genome-wide 3D CRISPR-mediated knockout screen (>18,000 genes) identified several genes whose disruptions conferred resistance to CDK4/6i. Furthermore, multiple novel candidate genes were identified as top hits only in the microphysiological 3D enrichment assay platform and not the conventional 2D assays. Taken together, these findings suggest that including phenotypic 3D resistance profiling in decision trees could improve discovery and reconfirmation of drug resistance mechanisms and afford a platform for exploring noncell autonomous interactions, selection pressures, and clonal competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taraka S P Grandhi
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
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Raina R, DeCoy M, Chakraborty R, Mahajan S, Moran R, Gibson K, Kumar D, Bergmann C. Renal cystic diseases during the perinatal and neonatal period. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2021; 14:163-176. [PMID: 32986687 DOI: 10.3233/npm-200520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Renal cystic diseases are a clinically and genetically diverse group of renal diseases that can manifest in utero, infancy, or throughout childhood and adulthood. These diseases may be unilateral or bilateral with a single cyst or multiple cysts, or with increased echogenicity of the renal cortex without macroscopic cysts. Certain cystic renal diseases are life-threatening, with many developing chronic kidney and hepatic disease if not recognized early enough. Therefore, due to the prevalence and life-altering complications of this specific group of diseases in vulnerable populations, it is crucial for clinicians and healthcare providers to have an overall understanding of cystic diseases and how to pre-emptively detect and manage these conditions. In this review, we discuss in detail the epidemiology, genetics and pathophysiology, diagnosis, presentation, and management of numerous genetic and sporadic renal cystic diseases, such as polycystic kidney disease, multicystic dysplastic kidney, and calyceal diverticula, with an emphasis on prenatal care and pregnancy counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Raina
- Department of Nephrology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
- Akron Nephrology Associates/Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH, USA
| | - M DeCoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
| | - R Chakraborty
- Department of Nephrology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
- Akron Nephrology Associates/Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH, USA
| | - S Mahajan
- Revere High School, Richfield, OH, USA
| | - R Moran
- Department of Genetics, MetroHealth Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - K Gibson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - D Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, MetroHealth Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C Bergmann
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Cheng H, Deaton LM, Qiu M, Ha S, Pacoma R, Lao J, Tolley V, Moran R, Keeton A, Lamb JR, Fathman J, Walker JR, Schumacher AM. Tau overexpression exacerbates neuropathology after repeated mild head impacts in male mice. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 134:104683. [PMID: 31765727 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Repeated mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) can lead to development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration with presence of white matter damage, gliosis and hyper-phosphorylated tau. While animal models of rmTBI have been documented, few characterize the molecular pathogenesis and expression profiles of relevant injured brain regions. Additionally, while the usage of transgenic tau mice in rmTBI is prevalent, the effects of tau on pathological outcomes has not been well studied. Here we characterized a 42-impact closed-head rmTBI paradigm on 3-4 month old male C57BL/6 (WT) and Tau-overexpressing mice (Tau58.4). This injury paradigm resulted in chronic gliosis, T-cell infiltration, and demyelination of the optic nerve and associated white matter tracts at 1-month post-injury. At 3-months post-injury, Tau58.4 mice showed progressive neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple brain regions compared to WT mice. Corresponding to histopathology, RNAseq of the optic nerve tract at 1-month post-injury showed significant upregulation of inflammatory pathways and downregulation of myelin synthetic pathways in both genotypes. However, Tau58.4 mice showed additional changes in neurite development, protein processing, and cell stress. Comparisons with published transcriptomes of human Alzheimer's Disease and CTE revealed common signatures including neuroinflammation and downregulation of protein phosphatases. We next investigated the demyelination and T-cell infiltration phenotypes to determine whether these offer potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. Tau58.4 mice were treated with the histamine H3 receptor antagonist GSK239512 for 1-month post-injury to promote remyelination of white matter lesions. This restored myelin gene expression to sham levels but failed to repair the histopathologic lesions. Likewise, injured T-cell-deficient Rag2/Il2rg (R2G2) mice also showed evidence for inflammation and loss of myelin. However, unlike immune-competent mice, R2G2 mice had altered myeloid cell gene expression and fewer demyelinated lesions. Together this data shows that rmTBI leads to chronic white matter inflammatory demyelination and axonal loss exacerbated by human tau overexpression but suggests that immune-suppression and remyelination alone are insufficient to reverse damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hank Cheng
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Lisa M Deaton
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Minhua Qiu
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Sukwon Ha
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Reynand Pacoma
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Jianmin Lao
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Valerie Tolley
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Rita Moran
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Amber Keeton
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - John R Lamb
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - John Fathman
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - John R Walker
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Andrew M Schumacher
- Department of General Medical Biology, Genomics Institute for the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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Babatunde O, Arp AS, Eberth JM, Zahnd WE, Felder TM, Moran R, Hebert JR. A Comparison of Mortality-to-Incidence Ratio with Survival Analyses in Assessing Racial Breast Cancer Disparities Across South Carolina Counties. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The mortality-to-incidence rate ratio (MIR) provides a population-based measure of survival which accounts for incidence. The use of MIR as a surveillance tool has shown that South Carolina (SC) exhibits more extreme racial differences in cancer incidence, mortality and MIR than other states or the nation. We assessed the effectiveness of MIR as a proxy for 5-year survival time (5YST) among breast cancer (BrCa) patients in South Carolina. Methods: The 5YST was computed from data on BrCA cases which were obtained retrospectively from the SC Central Cancer Registry from 2002 to 2010. The MIR was computed from Cancer incidence and mortality data which were obtained from the SC Community Access Network (SCAN). The underlying data for SCAN were generated from the SC Central Cancer Registry and SC DHEC Vital Records and used to construct MIRs. ArcGIS 10.2 was utilized to map BrCA MIRs by race for 46 counties within SC. Seven categories of MIR were derived using the national MIR for BrCA as reference. 5YST was computed for all BrCA cases in each county utilizing SAS software and this was mapped with MIR per county. Exploratory and geographically weighted regression analyses were conducted in ArcGIS to determine the relationship between MIR and MST. Results: A total of 2155 breast cancer patients (nWhites = 1557/72%; nBlacks = 598/28%) were reported in the study period. A visual inspection of the MIR maps by race showed that Blacks were in the highest MIR category while the MIR by 5YST map showed that higher MIR was likely associated with lower 5YST. By contrast, the MIRs for Whites were more evenly represented over the seven categories. Overall, the 5YST was 92.8% among blacks and 95.6% among whites. Assessment of MIR with MST in ArcGIS utilizing exploratory ArcGIS regression showed that there was statistically significant Global Moran's I p value indicative of clustering. Conclusions: The MIR proved useful for identifying disparities in BrCA incidence and mortality among Black and White women in SC. Cancer surveillance programs may use the MIR to monitor disparities across racial/ethnic groups and geographic regions going forward. MIRs have the potential to serve as an indicator of the long-term success of cancer surveillance programs.
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Murray NG, Szekely B, Moran R, Ryan G, Powell D, Munkasy BA, Buckley TA, Guskiewicz K. Concussion history associated with increased postural control deficits after subsequent injury. Physiol Meas 2019; 40:024001. [PMID: 30625441 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aafcd8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postural control deficits have been extensively reported following sport-related concussions. Concussed athletes demonstrate these deficits as early as 24 h post-concussion and may persist for up to six months. Many of these prior studies have included mixed samples with prior injury history that may affect the postural control data. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of concussion history on postural control 24-48 h following sport-related concussion in Division I athletes. APPROACH Twenty-eight Division I athletes (seven athlete controls (CON), seven no history (SRC0), seven with a previous concussion (SRC1), and seven with 2-3 concussions (SRC3) participated in this study. All participants were assessed within 24-48 h post-subsequent SRC and performed three trials of quiet stance in the eyes closed (EC) conditions for 30 s each on a force platform (1000 Hz). The data were analyzed with root mean square (RMS) and mean excursion velocity (MEV) in the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions. Two 3 × 2 MANOVAs were run by direction for group comparisons. MAIN RESULTS SRC2 had significantly greater RMS than CON, SRC0, and SRC1 in the AP direction and ML direction. SRC2 exhibited significantly greater AP and ML MEV than CON, SRC0, and SRC1. SIGNIFICANCE These results demonstrate that having 2-3 prior concussions negatively affects the postural system after a subsequent head injury. Sports medicine staff should approach the recovery process with caution with those that have a prior history of concussion, due to the negative effects that history of concussion has on postural control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Murray
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States of America. Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
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Sanders RD, Banks MI, Darracq M, Moran R, Sleigh J, Gosseries O, Bonhomme V, Brichant JF, Rosanova M, Raz A, Tononi G, Massimini M, Laureys S, Boly M. Propofol-induced unresponsiveness is associated with impaired feedforward connectivity in cortical hierarchy. Br J Anaesth 2018; 121:1084-1096. [PMID: 30336853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired consciousness has been associated with impaired cortical signal propagation after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We hypothesised that the reduced current propagation under propofol-induced unresponsiveness is associated with changes in both feedforward and feedback connectivity across the cortical hierarchy. METHODS Eight subjects underwent left occipital TMS coupled with high-density EEG recordings during wakefulness and propofol-induced unconsciousness. Spectral analysis was applied to responses recorded from sensors overlying six hierarchical cortical sources involved in visual processing. Dynamic causal modelling (DCM) of induced time-frequency responses and evoked response potentials were used to investigate propofol's effects on connectivity between regions. RESULTS Sensor space analysis demonstrated that propofol reduced both induced and evoked power after TMS in occipital, parietal, and frontal electrodes. Bayesian model selection supported a DCM with hierarchical feedforward and feedback connections. DCM of induced EEG responses revealed that the primary effect of propofol was impaired feedforward responses in cross-frequency theta/alpha-gamma coupling and within frequency theta coupling (F contrast, family-wise error corrected P<0.05). An exploratory analysis (thresholded at uncorrected P<0.001) also suggested that propofol impaired feedforward and feedback beta band coupling. Post hoc analyses showed impairments in all feedforward connections and one feedback connection from parietal to occipital cortex. DCM of the evoked response potential showed impaired feedforward connectivity between left-sided occipital and parietal cortex (T contrast P=0.004, Bonferroni corrected). CONCLUSIONS Propofol-induced loss of consciousness is associated with impaired hierarchical feedforward connectivity assessed by EEG after occipital TMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Sanders
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - M I Banks
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Darracq
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - R Moran
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J Sleigh
- Department of Anaesthesia, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - O Gosseries
- Coma Science Group, GIGA-consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - V Bonhomme
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Laboratory, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Department of Anestheisa and ICM, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium; University Department of Anesthesia and ICM, CHR Citadelle, Liège, Belgium
| | - J F Brichant
- Department of Anestheisa and ICM, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - M Rosanova
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Raz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - G Tononi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Massimini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Laureys
- Coma Science Group, GIGA-consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Department of Neurology, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - M Boly
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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O’Halloran A, Laird E, Healy M, Moran R, Nolan J, Beatty S, Molloy A, Kenny R. CIRCULATING BIOMARKERS PREDICT INCIDENT FRAILTY: THE IRISH LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGEING (TILDA). Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - E.A. Laird
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,
| | - M. Healy
- St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,
| | - R. Moran
- Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - J. Nolan
- Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - S. Beatty
- Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - A. Molloy
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,
| | - R. Kenny
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,
- St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,
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Ademowo OS, Dias HKI, Milic I, Devitt A, Moran R, Mulcahy R, Howard AN, Nolan JM, Griffiths HR. Phospholipid oxidation and carotenoid supplementation in Alzheimer's disease patients. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:77-85. [PMID: 28315450 PMCID: PMC5488966 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease, characterised by decline of memory, cognitive function and changes in behaviour. Generic markers of lipid peroxidation are increased in AD and reactive oxygen species have been suggested to be involved in the aetiology of cognitive decline. Carotenoids are depleted in AD serum, therefore we have compared serum lipid oxidation between AD and age-matched control subjects before and after carotenoid supplementation. The novel oxidised phospholipid biomarker 1-palmitoyl-2-(5'-oxo-valeroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POVPC) was analysed using electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (MS) with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), 8-isoprostane (IsoP) was measured by ELISA and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) was measured by a colorimetric assay. AD patients (n=21) and healthy age-matched control subjects (n=16) were supplemented with either Macushield™ (10mg meso-zeaxanthin, 10mg lutein, 2mg zeaxanthin) or placebo (sunflower oil) for six months. The MRM-MS method determined serum POVPC sensitively (from 10µl serum) and reproducibly (CV=7.9%). At baseline, AD subjects had higher serum POVPC compared to age-matched controls, (p=0.017) and cognitive function was correlated inversely with POVPC (r=-0.37; p=0.04). After six months of carotenoid intervention, serum POVPC was not different in AD patients compared to healthy controls. However, POVPC was significantly higher in control subjects after six months of carotenoid intervention compared to their baseline (p=0.03). Serum IsoP concentration was unrelated to disease or supplementation. Serum FRAP was significantly lower in AD than healthy controls but was unchanged by carotenoid intervention (p=0.003). In conclusion, serum POVPC is higher in AD patients compared to control subjects, is not reduced by carotenoid supplementation and correlates with cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- O S Ademowo
- Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - H K I Dias
- Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - I Milic
- Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Devitt
- Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Moran
- Nutrition Research Centre Ireland, Health Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Cork Road, Waterford, Ireland
| | - R Mulcahy
- Waterford University Hospital, Age-related Care Unit, Waterford, Ireland
| | - A N Howard
- Howard Foundation, Cambridge, UK; Downing College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J M Nolan
- Nutrition Research Centre Ireland, Health Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Cork Road, Waterford, Ireland
| | - H R Griffiths
- Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
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Zhang Q, Vashisht AA, O'Rourke J, Corbel SY, Moran R, Romero A, Miraglia L, Zhang J, Durrant E, Schmedt C, Sampath SC, Sampath SC. The microprotein Minion controls cell fusion and muscle formation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15664. [PMID: 28569745 PMCID: PMC5461507 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent evidence has pointed to the existence of small open reading frame (smORF)-encoded microproteins in mammals, their function remains to be determined. Skeletal muscle development requires fusion of mononuclear progenitors to form multinucleated myotubes, a critical but poorly understood process. Here we report the identification of Minion (microprotein inducer of fusion), a smORF encoding an essential skeletal muscle specific microprotein. Myogenic progenitors lacking Minion differentiate normally but fail to form syncytial myotubes, and Minion-deficient mice die perinatally and demonstrate a marked reduction in fused muscle fibres. The fusogenic activity of Minion is conserved in the human orthologue, and co-expression of Minion and the transmembrane protein Myomaker is sufficient to induce cellular fusion accompanied by rapid cytoskeletal rearrangement, even in non-muscle cells. These findings establish Minion as a novel microprotein required for muscle development, and define a two-component programme for the induction of mammalian cell fusion. Moreover, these data also significantly expand the known functions of smORF-encoded microproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Ajay A Vashisht
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Jason O'Rourke
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Stéphane Y Corbel
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Rita Moran
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Angelica Romero
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Loren Miraglia
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Jia Zhang
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Eric Durrant
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Christian Schmedt
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Srinath C Sampath
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA.,Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, California 92103, USA
| | - Srihari C Sampath
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA.,Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, California 92103, USA
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Moran R, Nolan JM, Stack J, O'Halloran AM, Feeney J, Akuffo KO, Kenny RA, Beatty S. Non-Dietary Correlates and Determinants of Plasma Lutein and Zeaxanthin Concentrations in the Irish Population. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:254-261. [PMID: 28244563 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate non-dietary correlates and determinants of plasma lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) concentrations in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) sample. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Community dwelling adults in the Republic of Ireland (ROI). PARTICIPANTS 3,681 participants aged 50 years and older. MEASUREMENTS TILDA is a nationally representative prospective cohort study of community dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in the ROI. Demographic and health variables were collected during a face-to-face interview carried out in the home (n=8175), and a substantial proportion of these (n=5035; 62%) also attended a study visit in a health assessment centre. Blood samples collected at baseline (wave 1, the subject of the current study), were analysed for plasma concentrations of L and Z by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and macular pigment (MP) optical density was also measured (using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry). RESULTS After excluding participants with eye disease, data from 3,681 participants were available for analysis. For this group of participants, plasma L and Z were inversely and significantly associated with body mass index (BMI), and were positively and significantly associated with MP, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p<0.001, for all). Plasma L and Z were significantly lower in males, current smokers, participants reporting less physical exercise, and participants reporting lower levels of education (p<0.05, for all). Plasma L was significantly higher in participants reporting a family history of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (p=0.001), and in the group of ≥75 years old (p<0.05). For each of these variables, the significant associations remained after controlling for other potential confounding variables. CONCLUSION The findings of this large study indicate that plasma concentrations of L and Z were lower in association with indicators of a poor lifestyle (high BMI, tobacco use, and less physical exercise) and in association with lower education, indicating that modifying lifestyle in a positive way is likely to be reflected in higher concentrations of plasma carotenoids, with consequential and putative health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moran
- Rachel Moran, Macular Pigment Research Group, Nutrition Research Centre Ireland, Waterford Institute of Technology West Campus, Carriganore, Waterford, Ireland, Tel: +353 (0)51 306261;
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Shook RP, Hand GA, Paluch AE, Wang X, Moran R, Hébert JR, Jakicic JM, Blair SN. High respiratory quotient is associated with increases in body weight and fat mass in young adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2016; 70:1197-1202. [PMID: 26603877 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Metabolic disturbances, such as reduced rates of fat oxidation (high respiratory quotient (RQ)) or low energy expenditure (low resting metabolic rate (RMR)), may contribute to obesity. The objective was to determine the association between a high RQ or a low RMR and changes in body weight and body composition over 1 year. SUBJECTS/METHODS We measured RQ and RMR in 341 adults using indirect calorimetry, along with body weight/body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometery, energy expenditure using an arm-based activity monitor and energy intake using dietary recalls. Participants were classified into low, moderate or high RQ and RMR (adjusted for age, sex, race and body composition) groups according to tertiles by sex. Follow-up measurements were completed every 3 months. RESULTS Individuals with a high RQ had larger gains in body weight and fat mass compared with individuals with a low/moderate RQ at month 3, and increases in fat mass were more than double among individuals with a high RQ at 12 months (1.3±3.0 vs 0.6±3.7 kg, P=0.03). Individuals with a low RMR did not gain more body weight nor fat mass compared with individuals with a moderate/high RMR. CONCLUSION The primary finding is a high RQ is predictive of gains in body weight and fat mass over a 12-month period among young adults, with changes occurring as soon as 3 months. In addition, a low RMR was not associated with gains in body weight or fat mass over the same period.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Shook
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - G A Hand
- School of Public Health, University of West Virginia, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - A E Paluch
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - X Wang
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - R Moran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - J R Hébert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - J M Jakicic
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, Physical Activity and Weight Management Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S N Blair
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Aung T, Miller G, Ormseth S, Moran R, Karpouzas G. THU0359 Anti-B2glycoprotein-1 IGA Antibodies Independently and Differentially Contribute To Thrombotic Risk in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus above and beyond ACL and LA: Lessons from A Contemporary Multiethnic Patient Cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jais B, Rebours V, Malleo G, Salvia R, Fontana M, Maggino L, Bassi C, Manfredi R, Moran R, Lennon AM, Zaheer A, Wolfgang C, Hruban R, Marchegiani G, Fernández Del Castillo C, Brugge W, Ha Y, Kim MH, Oh D, Hirai I, Kimura W, Jang JY, Kim SW, Jung W, Kang H, Song SY, Kang CM, Lee WJ, Crippa S, Falconi M, Gomatos I, Neoptolemos J, Milanetto AC, Sperti C, Ricci C, Casadei R, Bissolati M, Balzano G, Frigerio I, Girelli R, Delhaye M, Bernier B, Wang H, Jang KT, Song DH, Huggett MT, Oppong KW, Pererva L, Kopchak KV, Del Chiaro M, Segersvard R, Lee LS, Conwell D, Osvaldt A, Campos V, Aguero Garcete G, Napoleon B, Matsumoto I, Shinzeki M, Bolado F, Fernandez JMU, Keane MG, Pereira SP, Acuna IA, Vaquero EC, Angiolini MR, Zerbi A, Tang J, Leong RW, Faccinetto A, Morana G, Petrone MC, Arcidiacono PG, Moon JH, Choi HJ, Gill RS, Pavey D, Ouaïssi M, Sastre B, Spandre M, De Angelis CG, Rios-Vives MA, Concepcion-Martin M, Ikeura T, Okazaki K, Frulloni L, Messina O, Lévy P. Serous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas: a multinational study of 2622 patients under the auspices of the International Association of Pancreatology and European Pancreatic Club (European Study Group on Cystic Tumors of the Pancreas). Gut 2016; 65:305-12. [PMID: 26045140 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serous cystic neoplasm (SCN) is a cystic neoplasm of the pancreas whose natural history is poorly known. The purpose of the study was to attempt to describe the natural history of SCN, including the specific mortality. DESIGN Retrospective multinational study including SCN diagnosed between 1990 and 2014. RESULTS 2622 patients were included. Seventy-four per cent were women, and median age at diagnosis was 58 years (16-99). Patients presented with non-specific abdominal pain (27%), pancreaticobiliary symptoms (9%), diabetes mellitus (5%), other symptoms (4%) and/or were asymptomatic (61%). Fifty-two per cent of patients were operated on during the first year after diagnosis (median size: 40 mm (2-200)), 9% had resection beyond 1 year of follow-up (3 years (1-20), size at diagnosis: 25 mm (4-140)) and 39% had no surgery (3.6 years (1-23), 25.5 mm (1-200)). Surgical indications were (not exclusive) uncertain diagnosis (60%), symptoms (23%), size increase (12%), large size (6%) and adjacent organ compression (5%). In patients followed beyond 1 year (n=1271), size increased in 37% (growth rate: 4 mm/year), was stable in 57% and decreased in 6%. Three serous cystadenocarcinomas were recorded. Postoperative mortality was 0.6% (n=10), and SCN's related mortality was 0.1% (n=1). CONCLUSIONS After a 3-year follow-up, clinical relevant symptoms occurred in a very small proportion of patients and size slowly increased in less than half. Surgical treatment should be proposed only for diagnosis remaining uncertain after complete workup, significant and related symptoms or exceptionally when exists concern with malignancy. This study supports an initial conservative management in the majority of patients with SCN. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRB 00006477.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jais
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - V Rebours
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - G Malleo
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - R Salvia
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - M Fontana
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - L Maggino
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - C Bassi
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - R Manfredi
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - R Moran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - A M Lennon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - A Zaheer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C Wolfgang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - R Hruban
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - G Marchegiani
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C Fernández Del Castillo
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - W Brugge
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Y Ha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M H Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Oh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Hirai
- First Department of Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - W Kimura
- First Department of Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - J Y Jang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Jung
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - W J Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Crippa
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Ancona-Torrette, Italy
| | - M Falconi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Ancona-Torrette, Italy
| | - I Gomatos
- NIHR Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Neoptolemos
- NIHR Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A C Milanetto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, 3rd Surgical Clinic, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C Sperti
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, 3rd Surgical Clinic, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C Ricci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Casadei
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Bissolati
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - G Balzano
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - I Frigerio
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy
| | - R Girelli
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy
| | - M Delhaye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and GI Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Bernier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and GI Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - K T Jang
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Song
- Department of Pathology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - M T Huggett
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - K W Oppong
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - L Pererva
- National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology named after Shalimov, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - K V Kopchak
- National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology named after Shalimov, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - M Del Chiaro
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet at Center for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Segersvard
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet at Center for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L S Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D Conwell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Osvaldt
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - V Campos
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - B Napoleon
- Hôpital Privé Mermoz, Gastroentérologie, Lyon, France
| | - I Matsumoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Shinzeki
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - F Bolado
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - M G Keane
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University College Hospital, London, UK
| | - S P Pereira
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University College Hospital, London, UK
| | - I Araujo Acuna
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E C Vaquero
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M R Angiolini
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Zerbi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - J Tang
- Gastroenterology and Liver Services, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R W Leong
- Gastroenterology and Liver Services, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Faccinetto
- Radiological Department, General Hospital Cá Foncello, Treviso, Italy
| | - G Morana
- Radiological Department, General Hospital Cá Foncello, Treviso, Italy
| | - M C Petrone
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - P G Arcidiacono
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - J H Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - H J Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - R S Gill
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Pavey
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Ouaïssi
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - B Sastre
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - M Spandre
- Gastrohepatology Department, San Giovanni Battista Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - C G De Angelis
- Gastrohepatology Department, San Giovanni Battista Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M A Rios-Vives
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Reçerca-IIB Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Concepcion-Martin
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Reçerca-IIB Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Ikeura
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Okazaki
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - L Frulloni
- Department of Medicine, Pancreas Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - O Messina
- Department of Medicine, Pancreas Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - P Lévy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
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Walsh D, Daly A, Moran R. The institutional response to mental disorder in Ireland: censuses of Irish asylums, psychiatric hospitals and units 1844-2014. Ir J Med Sci 2015; 185:761-768. [PMID: 26667467 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-015-1368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Before the eighteenth century, there was limited response to the problem of psychiatric illness in Ireland as in many other countries. The asylums of the 1820s and 1830s were no sooner opened than they were overcrowded. A second wave of asylum building commenced in the second half of the nineteenth century continuing up to the early twentieth century. In 1966, the Report of the Commission on Mental Illness noted that the rate of psychiatric beds in Ireland per 1,000 was one of the highest in the world. The report called for a change in the policy of caring for the mentally ill in psychiatric hospitals to more community-based settings and in psychiatric units located in general hospital settings, along with a call for more research into mental illness. The result of the latter was the establishment of the first census of psychiatric patients resident in psychiatric hospitals. Thus began fifty years of census reporting and the subsequent establishment of the National Psychiatric Inpatient Reporting System (NPIRS).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Walsh
- FRCPI, Russborough, Blessington, Co Wicklow, Republic of Ireland
| | - A Daly
- Health Research Board, Grattan House, 67-72 Lower Mount Street, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland.
| | - R Moran
- Health Research Board, Grattan House, 67-72 Lower Mount Street, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland
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Verheyden G, Ruesen C, Gorissen M, Brumby V, Moran R, Burnett M, Ashburn A. People in the chronic phase post stroke have altered postural alignment in standing related to trunk performance and functional balance. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bastos AM, Litvak V, Moran R, Bosman CA, Fries P, Friston KJ. A DCM study of spectral asymmetries in feedforward and feedback connections between visual areas V1 and V4 in the monkey. Neuroimage 2015; 108:460-75. [PMID: 25585017 PMCID: PMC4334664 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports a dynamic causal modeling study of electrocorticographic (ECoG) data that addresses functional asymmetries between forward and backward connections in the visual cortical hierarchy. Specifically, we ask whether forward connections employ gamma-band frequencies, while backward connections preferentially use lower (beta-band) frequencies. We addressed this question by modeling empirical cross spectra using a neural mass model equipped with superficial and deep pyramidal cell populations-that model the source of forward and backward connections, respectively. This enabled us to reconstruct the transfer functions and associated spectra of specific subpopulations within cortical sources. We first established that Bayesian model comparison was able to discriminate between forward and backward connections, defined in terms of their cells of origin. We then confirmed that model selection was able to identify extrastriate (V4) sources as being hierarchically higher than early visual (V1) sources. Finally, an examination of the auto spectra and transfer functions associated with superficial and deep pyramidal cells confirmed that forward connections employed predominantly higher (gamma) frequencies, while backward connections were mediated by lower (alpha/beta) frequencies. We discuss these findings in relation to current views about alpha, beta, and gamma oscillations and predictive coding in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Bastos
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstraße 46, Frankfurt 60528, Germany; Center for Neuroscience and Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
| | - V Litvak
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - R Moran
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - C A Bosman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen 6535 EN, Netherlands; Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Group, Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, Netherlands
| | - P Fries
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstraße 46, Frankfurt 60528, Germany; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen 6535 EN, Netherlands
| | - K J Friston
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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Compston P, Moran R, Packer E, Greet T, Marr C. Associations Between Local Weather Patterns and the Frequency of Sand Enteritis in an East Anglian Equine Hospital. Equine Vet J 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12145_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P.C. Compston
- Rossdales Equine Hospital; Cotton End Road, Exning; Newmarket; Suffolk; CB8 7NN; UK
| | - R. Moran
- Rossdales Equine Hospital; Cotton End Road, Exning; Newmarket; Suffolk; CB8 7NN; UK
| | - E. Packer
- Rossdales Equine Hospital; Cotton End Road, Exning; Newmarket; Suffolk; CB8 7NN; UK
| | - T.R.C. Greet
- Rossdales Equine Hospital; Cotton End Road, Exning; Newmarket; Suffolk; CB8 7NN; UK
| | - C.M. Marr
- Rossdales Equine Hospital; Cotton End Road, Exning; Newmarket; Suffolk; CB8 7NN; UK
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Moran R, Zehetleitner M, Muller HJ, Usher M. Competitive guided search: Meeting the challenge of benchmark RT distributions. J Vis 2013; 13:13.8.24. [DOI: 10.1167/13.8.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Cooray D, Moran R, Chen P, Louie J, Karpouzas G. THU0417 Exposure, latent tuberculosis, or disseminated infection? The role of tst, quantiferon, and multisite cultures in high risk patients on TNF-inhibitors. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Moran R, Dolatabadi S, Karpouzas G. AB0384 Prevalence of irreversible articular damage and orthopedic surgeries in hispanics with rheumatoid arthritis in the united states (US):. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Woodhead ZVJ, Barnes GR, Penny W, Moran R, Teki S, Price CJ, Leff AP. Reading front to back: MEG evidence for early feedback effects during word recognition. Cereb Cortex 2012; 24:817-25. [PMID: 23172772 PMCID: PMC3920772 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhs365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography studies in humans have shown word-selective activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) approximately 130 ms after word presentation (
Pammer et al. 2004; Cornelissen et al. 2009; Wheat et al. 2010). The role of this early frontal response is currently not known. We tested the hypothesis that the IFG provides top-down constraints on word recognition using dynamic causal modeling of magnetoencephalography data collected, while subjects viewed written words and false font stimuli. Subject-specific dipoles in left and right occipital, ventral occipitotemporal and frontal cortices were identified using Variational Bayesian Equivalent Current Dipole source reconstruction. A connectivity analysis tested how words and false font stimuli differentially modulated activity between these regions within the first 300 ms after stimulus presentation. We found that left inferior frontal activity showed stronger sensitivity to words than false font and a stronger feedback connection onto the left ventral occipitotemporal cortex (vOT) in the first 200 ms. Subsequently, the effect of words relative to false font was observed on feedforward connections from left occipital to ventral occipitotemporal and frontal regions. These findings demonstrate that left inferior frontal activity modulates vOT in the early stages of word processing and provides a mechanistic account of top-down effects during word recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z V J Woodhead
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
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Balasubramanian M, Smith K, Basel-Vanagaite L, Feingold MF, Brock P, Gowans GC, Vasudevan PC, Cresswell L, Taylor EJ, Harris CJ, Friedman N, Moran R, Feret H, Zackai EH, Theisen A, Rosenfeld JA, Parker MJ. Case series: 2q33.1 microdeletion syndrome--further delineation of the phenotype. J Med Genet 2011; 48:290-8. [PMID: 21343628 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2010.084491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent deletions of 2q32q33 have recently been reported as a new microdeletion syndrome, clinical features of which include significant learning difficulties, growth retardation, dysmorphic features, thin and sparse hair, feeding difficulties, and cleft or high palate. Haploinsufficiency of one gene within the deleted region, SATB2, has been suggested to be responsible for most of the features of the syndrome. This article describes seven previously unreported patients with deletions at 2q33.1, all partially overlapping the previously described critical region for the 2q33.1 microdeletion syndrome. The deletions ranged in size from 35 kb to 10.4 Mb, with the smallest deletion entirely within the SATB2 gene. Patients demonstrated significant developmental delay and challenging behaviour, a particular behavioural phenotype that seems to be emerging with more reported patients with this condition. One patient in this cohort has a deletion entirely within SATB2 and has a cleft palate, whereas several patients with larger deletions have a high arched palate. In addition, one other patient has significant orthopaedic problems with ligamentous laxity. Interestingly, this patient has a deletion that lies just distal to SATB2. The orthopaedic problems have not been reported previously and are possibly an additional feature of this syndrome. Overall, this report provides further evidence that the SATB2 gene is the critical gene in this microdeletion syndrome. In addition, because the individuals in this study range in age from 3-19 years, these patients will help define the natural progression of the phenotype in patients with this microdeletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Balasubramanian
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield NHS Foundation Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK.
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Kennedy J, Jackson MP, O'Kelly P, Moran R. Timing of reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament in athletes and the incidence of secondary pathology within the knee. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 92:362-6. [PMID: 20190306 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.92b3.22424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed a single-surgeon series of 300 athletic patients who had undergone reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament in order to establish the relationship between the timing of the reconstruction and the incidence of meniscal and chondral pathology. The patients were divided into five groups according to the time from their injury to surgery as follows: less than two months, two to six months, six to 12 months, 12 to 18 months and more than 18 months. The presence of meniscal tears was recorded and chondral pathology was scored according to the system of the French Society of Arthroscopy. There was a significantly higher chance of a medial meniscal tear occurring in patients undergoing reconstruction after one year from their injury (odds ratio (7.99, p = 0.004). The odds of having a lateral meniscal tear did not change significantly with an increasing interval to reconstruction. The chance of patients developing degenerative changes was found to be significantly higher in the groups operated on after six months from injury (odds ratio 4.04, p = 0.005). We advocate that patients with deficiency of the anterior cruciate ligament should be counselled that there is a significant relationship between the duration of the instability of their knee and the subsequent incidence of both chondral changes and meniscal tears. In order to minimise these risks, we recommend that reconstruction be performed within the first year from injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kennedy
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry Demesne, Santry, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Sampson M, Jackson M, Moran C, Moran R, Eustace S, Shine S. Corrigendum to: Three Tesla MRI for the diagnosis of meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament pathology: a comparison to arthroscopic findings [63 (10) 1106–1111]. Clin Radiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2009.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sampson MJ, Jackson MP, Moran CJ, Shine S, Moran R, Eustace SJ. Three Tesla MRI for the diagnosis of meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament pathology: a comparison to arthroscopic findings. Clin Radiol 2008; 63:1106-11. [PMID: 18774357 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2008.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the accuracy of 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-one consecutive patients were identified who were referred for evaluation of suspected intra-articular pathology with a 3T MRI and who, subsequently, underwent an arthroscopic procedure of the knee were included for the study. Two musculoskeletal radiologists interpreted the images. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were then calculated for the MRI versus the arthroscopic findings as a reference standard. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity for the overall detection of meniscal tears in this study was 84 and 93%, respectively. The results for the medial meniscus separately were 91 and 93% and for the lateral 77 and 93%. The evaluation of ACL integrity was 100% sensitive and specific. The meniscal tear type was correctly identified in 75% of cases and its location in 94%. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates good results of 3T MRI in the evaluation of the injured knee. Caution should still be given to the interpretation on MRI of a lateral meniscus tear, and it is suggested that the standard diagnostic criteria of high signal reaching the articular surface on two consecutive image sections be adhered to even at these higher field strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Sampson
- Department of Radiology, Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry Demesne, Dublin, Ireland.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review and examine the epidemiology, severity and management of trauma admissions at the national neurosurgical teaching hospital. METHODS An extensive audit of volume, type and severity of injury and the management requirements of the trauma population admitted to the hospital. RESULTS The vast majority of severely injured patients were referred from outside the catchment area of the hospital with only 26% being admitted directly through the Emergency Department. As a consequence, 73% of patients arrived out of normal working hours, which posed problems in providing skilled trauma specialists. CONCLUSIONS The management of patients with serious injury is complex. The large proportion of patients with critical injuries, some of whom were paediatric, highlighted the need for 24 h cover by senior trauma personnel and the provision of radiology and operating facilities to meet their needs. The inclusion of indicators of alterations in innate or adaptive immune responses may improve the predictive power of severity of injury scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Fitzgibbon
- Departments of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Moran R. Intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability for palpation of the cranial rhythmic impulse at the head and sacrum. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2001. [DOI: 10.1067/mmt.2001.113773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Roberts JD, Poplin EA, Tombes MB, Kyle B, Spicer DV, Grant S, Synold T, Moran R. Weekly lometrexol with daily oral folic acid is appropriate for phase II evaluation. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2000; 45:103-10. [PMID: 10663624 DOI: 10.1007/s002800050017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lometrexol [(6R)-5,10-dideaza-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate] is the prototype folate antimetabolite that targets the de novo purine synthesis pathway. Early phase I trials were confounded by cumulative myelosuppression that prevented repetitive administration. Subsequent preclinical and clinical studies suggested that coadministration of folic acid might favorably modulate lometrexol toxicity without eliminating potential antitumor activity. We set out to determine if concurrent folic acid would allow administration of lometrexol on a weekly schedule, and, if so, to identify an appropriate dose combination for phase II trials. Pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies were undertaken in an attempt to improve our understanding of lometrexol pharmacodynamics. METHODS Patients with advanced cancer received daily oral folic acid beginning 7 days before lometrexol and continuing for 7 days beyond the last lometrexol dose. Lometrexol was administered by short i.v. infusion weekly for 8 weeks. Scheduled lometrexol doses were omitted for toxicity of more than grade 2 present on the day of treatment, and dose-limiting toxicity was prospectively defined in terms of frequency of dose omission as well as the occurrence of severe toxic events. Plasma and whole blood total lometrexol contents (lometrexol plus lometrexol polyglutamates) were measured in samples taken just prior to each lometrexol dose. RESULTS A total of 18 patients were treated at five lometrexol dose levels. The maximum tolerated dose was identified by frequent dose omission due to thrombocytopenia and mucositis. The recommended phase II dose combination is lometrexol 10.4 mg/m(2) per week i.v. with folic acid 3 mg/m(2) per day orally. One patient with melanoma experienced a partial response, and three patients, two with melanoma and one with renal cell carcinoma, experienced stable disease. Lometrexol was not detectable in any predose plasma sample tested. The total red blood cell content of lometrexol increased over several weeks and then appeared to plateau. CONCLUSIONS Weekly administration of lometrexol is feasible and well-tolerated when coadministered with daily oral folic acid. The nature of the interaction between natural folates and lometrexol that renders this schedule feasible remains unclear. A definition of dose-limiting toxicity that incorporated attention to dose omissions allowed efficient identification of a recommended phase II dose that reflects the maximum feasible dose intensity for a weekly schedule. Lometrexol is a promising, anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Roberts
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0037, USA.
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Beltz L, Moran R, Elsawy O, Sadler J, Jurgenson J. The effects of telomerase inhibitors on lymphocyte function. Anticancer Res 1999; 19:3205-11. [PMID: 10652613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomerase is an enzyme that is present in both cancerous cells and lymphocytes. Telomerase inhibitors block tumor cell growth and are being considered for chemotherapy. This study tested whether telomerase inhibitors suppress growth of leukemic cell lines and blood lymphocytes (PBMC). RESULTS Reverse transcriptase inhibitors azidothymidine (AZT) and 3'-deoxy-2:3'-didehydrothymidine (d4T) decreased growth of all cells while dideoxyinosine (ddI) had no effect on Jurkat cells but increased growth of PBMC. The oligonucleotide (TTAGGG)3, which mimics the telomeric sequence, decreased growth of all cells. Inhibition by AZT, d4T and (TTAGGG)3 was manifested at 48-96 hours after addition to the cultures but not at 24 hours. The inhibition was partially to totally reversible upon inhibitor removal, indicating that the compounds were not cytotoxic but only suppressed cell growth temporarily. CONCLUSIONS Immunosuppression may result from the use of telomerase inhibitors during chemotherapy but should only be temporary.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Beltz
- Department of Biology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls 50614, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs have a well documented benefit in the relief of postoperative pain. This study was designed to compare the analgesic effect of intra-articular tenoxicam 20 mg with intravenous tenoxicam on postoperative pain in 88 patients undergoing day case knee arthroscopy. METHODS A prospective, double blind, randomized trial was performed. All patients received a standard general anesthetic. Patients in group A received 20 mg tenoxicam made up to 40 ml with normal saline intra-articularly (ia) and 2 ml normal saline i.v. Patients in group B received 40 ml normal saline intra-articularly and 2 ml, 20 mg of tenoxicam, i.v. RESULTS Both groups of patients were similar with respect to age, weight, sex and tourniquet inflation time. Patients receiving ia tenoxicam had lower pain scores (at rest and upon movement) at 30, 60, 120 and 180 min postoperatively (0.8+/-0.2 vs. 2.5+/-0.2 at rest and 1.24+/-0.2 vs. 3.4+/-0.2 at movement at 60 min; P< 0.0001). Fewer patients required additional analgesia in the first four hours postoperatively (33% vs. 84%; P<0.00001) and the time to first analgesia (23.7+/-11.2 vs. 9.4+/-0.6; P<0.02) was longer in those receiving ia tenoxicam. CONCLUSION Intra-articular tenoxicam provides superior postoperative analgesia and reduces postoperative analgesic requirements compared with i.v. tenoxicam in patients undergoing day case knee arthroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Colbert
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cappagh Orthopedic Hospital, Finglas, Dublin, Ireland
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Uhl CH, Moran R. Chromosomes of villadia and altamiranoa (crassulaceae). Am J Bot 1999; 86:387-397. [PMID: 10077501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Villadia, ranging from Texas to Peru with some 25 species, has a rather distinctive thyrsoid to spicate inflorescence, and we keep it as a genus separate from Sedum. Twenty species show every gametic chromosome number from 9 to 17 and also 20-22 and higher. Chromosome pairing in hybrids shows that the species differ by many translocations and that species with 21 or lower are effectively diploid. More specialized species tend to have fewer and larger chromosomes, suggesting that through time translocations have rearranged the ancestral genome into fewer units. We suspect that relocated genes may be programmed differently, affecting phenotype. Thus Villadia is like Echeveria in having a remarkably long descending series of evidently diploid chromosome numbers. Altamiranoa, often included in Villadia, with about 15 species from Mexico south, more closely resembles Sedum in its broadly cymose inflorescence. It appears polyphyletic, with no clear boundary from Sedum, and we disperse its species in Sedum. The ten species studied have gametic numbers from 20 to 29 that probably are effectively diploid, with a few higher and probably polyploid. Again, chromosome pairing in hybrids shows that the species differ by many translocations. Putative relatives in Sedum section Leptosedum have n = 26 to 31. Thus cytologically as well as morphologically Altamiranoa has remained more similar than Villadia to its Sedum relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Uhl
- Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; and Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, California 94928
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Moran R. Evaluation and treatment of childhood obesity. Am Fam Physician 1999; 59:861-8, 871-3. [PMID: 10068710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has risen dramatically in the past several decades. Although 25 to 30 percent of children are affected, this condition is underdiagnosed and undertreated. Hormonal and genetic factors are rarely the cause of childhood obesity; unnecessary diagnostic evaluations can be avoided with a careful history and physical examination. Because obese children may suffer life-long physical and emotional consequences, it is imperative to discuss prevention with parents during well-child examinations. All obese children should be screened for cardiac risk factors, as well as for possible orthopedic, dermatologic and psychiatric sequelae. Treatment should be initiated when the trend in increasing weight obviously surpasses the trend in increasing height. Treatment plans should include reasonable weight-loss goals, dietary and physical activity management, behavior modification and family involvement, which may include weight loss in the parents. Anorexiant medications are not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in pediatric populations.
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McAlinden MG, Magowan J, Wilson DJ, Insley G, Ferris P, Prendergast PJ, Rice J, Blayney AW, Dalstra M, Walsh M, McGloughlin T, Grace P, Colgan D, Bray D, McCormack BAO, Reilly R, Tancred D, Carr AJ, McCormack BAO, Leyland NS, Meenan J, Boyd A, Akay M, O’Dwyer B, McCormack BAO, Dunne NJ, Ryan K, Orr JF, Stungo B, Brennan EG, O’Hare NJ, Walsh MJ, Jordan MF, Rasheed AM, Kelly C, Kay E, Bouchier-Hayes DJ, Leahy A, Maher SA, O’Reilly D, Foley J, Gillan MA, Cole JS, Raghunathan S, O’Reilly MJG, Kenny T, Foley J, Hourigan TF, Lyons GM, Cox SL, Kernohan WG, Fitzpatrick C, Kernohan WG, Dempsey GJ, Millar I, Kelly S, Charlwood AP, O’Brien S, Beverland DE, Kavanagh A, McGloughlin T, Neligan MF, McKenna J, Laracy P, Moran D, O’Beirne J, Charlwood AP, Kelly S, Nixon JR, Beverland DE, Kenny P, Maher SA, Murphy LA, Prendergast PJ, O’Rourke SK, O’Donoghue D, Gilchrist MD, Caulfield B, O’Brien B, Simms C, Lyons CG, Brady CL, Badran S, Clifford PM, Burden DJ, Orr JF, Taylor D, Hill R, Griffin S, De Barra E, Brook I, Reytil P, Blades M, O’Reilly JP, Masterson BF, Macauley D, Toner M, Walker J, Gillan J, Boyd A, Meenan J, Akay M, Leyland NS, Murphy H, McNamara P, Jones E, Kelly P, Rajah L, Dhaif B, Colville J, Waide DV, Waide DV, Lawlor G, McCormack A, Carr AJ, McCartney W, McNamara BP, Connolly P, Devitt A, McElwaine J, O’Reilly P, Maher SA, Eames MHA, Cosgrove AP, Baker RJ, Condron J, Coyle E, Nugent D, Webb J, Black ND, Mclntyre M, Lowery M, O’Malley M, Vaughan L, Sweeney PC, Lyons GM, McGiven R, Collins AD, Gibson MJ, Lyons GM, Clernon GF, Wilcox DJ, Shanahan A, Buckley PJ, Hanna S, McGrellis N, Orr JF, Fennel B, Hill R, Akinmade A, Mitchell A, Pintado MR, Douglas WH, Ryan EE, Savage EJ, Orr JF, Mitchell E, Silbermann M, Mullett H, Ranjith P, Burke T, Hill R, Dorreil P, Watters EP, Spedding PL, Grimshaw J, M Bowler DJ, Felle P, Allen D, McCormack BAO, Moran R, Lennon AB, McCormack BAO, Prendergast PJ, Thompson NS, Cosgrove AP, Baker RJ, Saunders JL, Taylor T, Grimson J, Grimson W, Azuaje F, Black ND, Adamson K, Lopes P, Dubitzky W, Wu X, White J, Murtagh F, Campbell JG, Adamson K, O’Tiarnaigh RI, Cormack WA, Hume A, Starck JL, Lardillier P, Kernohan WG, Mao WE, Bell D, Chambers MGA, McCammon C, Leane GE, Lyons GM, Lyons DJ, Lacrox D, Murphy LA, Prendergast PJ, FitzPatrick DP, McClorey M, Meenen J, O’Brien FJ, Lee TC, Pellegrini F, Dickson GR, Taylor D. Royal academy of medicine in Ireland section of bioengineering. Ir J Med Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02937426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bradley S, Moran R. Better continence care through use of research in clinical practice. Nurs Times 1998; 94:52-3. [PMID: 9791516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A two-year project in Wigan to introduce evidence-based practice in continence care resulted in a better service and falling costs. The strategy involved changing management, introducing audit and assessment procedures, training and establishing a continence advisory service.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bradley
- Wigan and Leigh Health Services NHS Trust
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Moran R. [Laboratory assessment of tissue oxygen intake: blood gases and CO-oximetry (lecture)]. Klin Lab Diagn 1998:25-32. [PMID: 9553345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Moran R. Training staff in the hospitality mode. Provider 1996; 22:37-9. [PMID: 10161987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Cohn EL, Watson L, Older R, Moran R. Striated pattern of the testicle on ultrasound: an appearance of testicular fibrosis. J Urol 1996; 156:180-1. [PMID: 8648792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E L Cohn
- Department of Radiology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, USA
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Moran R. The pricing of insurance: some information and observations about the premiums you pay. J Can Dent Assoc 1994; 60:631-2. [PMID: 8062167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Moran R. Decades in dentistry and the CDA RIF: introducing a new initiative and a new product. J Can Dent Assoc 1993; 59:899. [PMID: 8252447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Moran R. Choosing insurance in step with your needs: the advantages of step-rate over level premiums. J Can Dent Assoc 1993; 59:723-4. [PMID: 8402336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Moran R. Meeting the needs of women in dentistry. J Can Dent Assoc 1993; 59:659. [PMID: 8358662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Moran R. HIV insurance coverage. J Can Dent Assoc 1993; 59:515. [PMID: 8513415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Moran R, Calthorpe D, McGoldrick F, Fogarty E, Dowling F. Congenital dislocation of the patella in Rubinstein Taybi syndrome. Ir Med J 1993; 86:34-5. [PMID: 8444597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Two patients with Rubinstein Taybi Syndrome (RTS) were found to have congenital dislocation of the patella (CDP). The dislocation was bilateral in one patient. Both underwent surgical reduction and stabilisation. The dislocation recurred in one patient who had associated genu valgum and external tibial torsion at the time of stabilisation. We feel that early diagnosis of CDP in patients with RTS is important to help early mobilisation and avoid secondary degenerative knee changes occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moran
- Department of Orthopaedics, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin
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Moran R. Swazi safari. Nurs Times 1992; 88:54-6. [PMID: 1408924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Moran R. Nursing abroad. Swaziland, a country of tradition and beauty. Nursing 1990; 4:25-8. [PMID: 2255442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Moran R, Vernon LP, Porath D, Arzee T. Developmental stages of cucumber seedlings: kinetics of chlorophyll accumulation and other growth parameters. Plant Physiol 1990; 92:1075-80. [PMID: 16667373 PMCID: PMC1062418 DOI: 10.1104/pp.92.4.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The changes in morphology during dark germination and subsequent growth of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings in the light go through three different phases described as latent, active, and steady-state. This pattern is consistently observed for several related developmental processes. The latent period lasts about 2 days following water imbibition after which the following capabilities appear in concert: (a) root and stem elongation, (b) pigment synthesis including protochlorophyll, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and phytochrome, (c) synthesis of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, and (d) enhancement of greening by excision. Following the active phase, which lasts for another 2 to 3 days, these processes slow to a steady-state. Inhibition of chlorphyll accumulation by SO(2) was only observed for seedlings in the steady-state phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moran
- Botany Department, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Abstract
Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation often presents in childhood as a stiff, painful neck with associated torticollis. It can occur spontaneously following minor trauma or an inflammatory process in the cervical tissues. Failure to recognise the condition may result in a fixed rotatory subluxation which can be difficult to treat. The authors report on two cases of atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation which occurred following pharyngoplasty and discuss the clinical presentation and management of these cases. The literature on this subject is briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Eadie
- Departments of Plastic Surgery, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin
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50
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Abstract
Four-hundred and forty patients who presented for Total Hip Replacement to the Orthopaedic Hospital, Cappagh were included in this study. Each case was classified into radiographic and aetiologic groups on the basis of the patients history, the results of special investigations, and the radiographic appearance of the hips. This classification allowed a further differentiation into primary and secondary osteoarthritis. Primary or idiopathic osteoarthritis was the single most common aetiologic group. A surprisingly high percentage of patients with secondary osteoarthritis had congenital dysplasia. It is suggested that this faulty biomechanical situation is the initiator of subsequent joint degeneration due to stress loading on the supero-lateral border of the hip. The reasons why such changes may be delayed until the 6th and 7th decades are unclear but degeneration once started progresses quickly. The possible place of surgical correction of the underlying biomechanical fault in delaying or preventing the onset of osteoarthritis is demonstrated and discussed.
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