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Maheshwari R, Sharma M, Chidrawar VR. Niosomes based formulation containing tenoxicam: A newer solution for the rheumatic diseases. Ann Pharm Fr 2024; 82:473-482. [PMID: 37923009 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This investigation aimed to explore the potential of non-ionic surfactant based niosomal vesicles encapsulating tenoxicam (TN; anti-rheumatic drug) for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS Mechanical dispersion technique with controlled pressure was employed to prepare different niosomal formulations. The effects of different ratios of surfactant (span-60), lipid, and sodium deoxycholate on noisome's physicochemical properties have been examined. Moreover, inhibition of TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide-activated cultured Human leukemia monocytic (THP-1) cells were demonstrated to assess the in vitro inflammation profile. Finally, the optimized niosomal formulation (TN3) was prepared in gel matrix consist of carbopol 934 (termed as TN34) and stability was also tested at 4±2 ̊C, 25±2 ̊C, 37±2 ̊C and 45±2 ̊C for 6 months. RESULTS The optimized niosomal formulation exhibited a small vesicle size (165±14nm) and high drug encapsulation (79.64±1.5%). Niosomal gel formulation TN34 showed pH (6.7), viscosity (6810±3.34 cps), spreadability (19.11±1.87gm.cm/sec) and also displayed sustained release pattern of drug release (98.16±0.07% TN released from gel matrix in 24h) in vitro release study. TN34 exhibited substantial anti-inflammatory response, with ∼75% inhibition of TNF-α in 48h. Stability investigation revealed that refrigerator temperature is most suitable for the storage of niosomal gel. CONCLUSION Transdermal niosomal formulation displayed promising potential in the treatment of rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Maheshwari
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Green Industrial Park, TSIIC, Jadcherla-509301, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Mayank Sharma
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Shirpur-425405, MH, India
| | - Vijay R Chidrawar
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Green Industrial Park, TSIIC, Jadcherla-509301, Hyderabad, India
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2
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Satar DA, Satar S, Gulen M, Acehan S, Okcu NT, Sahin GK. Dexketoprofen <em>versus</em> Tenoxicam in Acute Severe Pain Due to Primary Dysmenorrhea. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2024; 34:160-165. [PMID: 38342865 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2024.02.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the analgaesic efficacy of tenoxicam and dexketoprofen in patients admitted to the Emergency Medicine (EM) Clinic with severe acute pain due to primary dysmenorrhea (PD). STUDY DESIGN Randomised-controlled trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Emergency Medicine Clinic, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkiye, from January to December 2022. METHODOLOGY Patients presenting with PD, were divided into two groups of 60 each, administered 50 mg dexketoprofen and 20 mg tenoxicam intravenously. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were recorded at the 15th, 30th, 60th, and 120th minutes. VAS scores and ΔVAS scores were compared with the effectiveness of drugs, the need for rescue drugs and its side-effects. RESULTS Intravenous (IV) dexketoprofen was administered to 60 of the patients and IV tenoxicam was administered to another 60. At the time of admission, mean VAS scores of the patients were 8.8 ± 0.9 for the dexketoprofen group and 8.6 ± 0.8 for the tenoxicam group. The VAS scores of the dexketoprofen group were found to be statistically significantly lower after 30 minutes with lower need for rescue analgaesics. ΔVAS scores of the dexketoprofen group were statistically significantly higher from the 30th minute. CONCLUSION According to the VAS scoring, IV dexketoprofen was a more effective drug than IV tenoxicam in patients who were admitted to the EM clinic with severe pain due to PD. KEY WORDS Dexketoprofen, Primary dysmenorrhea, VAS score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Aka Satar
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Andrology Laboratory, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkiye
| | - Salim Satar
- Emergency Medicine Clinic, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkiye
| | - Muge Gulen
- Emergency Medicine Clinic, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkiye
| | - Selen Acehan
- Emergency Medicine Clinic, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkiye
| | - Nefise Tanridan Okcu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkiye
| | - Gonca Koksaldi Sahin
- Emergency Medicine Clinic, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkiye
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Osman SK, Yassin TM, Abdelzaher A, Ahmed F, Mohammed AM, Abdellatif AAH, Saleh KI, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Hamd MAE, Sarhan H. Self-assembling Organogels Loaded with Tenoxicam for Local Intensive Pain and Inflammation Cure: In Vitro and In Vivo Correlation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:18. [PMID: 38263347 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to tenoxicam (TX)'s poor aqueous solubility (0.072 mg/ml), it is poorly absorbable in the GIT, and the long-term oral administration of TX may cause severe GIT disturbances. Topical administration of TX can help in bypassing the GIT adverse effects. Therefore, in the present work, we constructed different pluronic/lecithin organogels (PLOs) for topical delivery of TX. PLO was constructed simply via direct mixing of an aqueous pluronic solution with lecithin solution. The prepared PLO formulations were characterized for their physicochemical properties including pH, drug content, visual inspection, viscosity, and spreadability. Also, the in vitro release and kinetic studies were carried out to investigate the mechanism of drug release. Moreover, the in vivo studies were carried out by investigating the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities using albino male rats. The results showed that the modified PLOs have good physicochemical properties. The viscosity of the modified gels is a direct proportionality with both lecithin and pluronic concentrations. Also, subsequently, the drug release rate is directly proportional to gel viscosity. Moreover, the in vivo studies showed that the modified PLOs (F19) showed a significant ( < 0.05%) paw edema inhibition and pain analgesia compared with other investigated groups. Also, the results indicated that the increase in dose is accompanied by higher activity and a longer duration of action which extended to 12 h. Hence, the modified PLOs are promising safe candidates or vehicles for effective TX loading with sustained delivery behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaaban K Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Taher M Yassin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minofia University, Minofia, Egypt
| | | | - Fatma Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51452, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid I Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Wael A Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
| | - Hatem Sarhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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El-Bahr SM, Elzoghby RR, Alfattah MA, Kandeel M, Hamouda AF. Aqueous Ginger ( Zingiber officinale) Extract Ameliorates the Harmful Effects of High-Dose Lornoxicam in Albino Male Rats. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:1546734. [PMID: 35958816 PMCID: PMC9363220 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1546734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lornoxicam is a potent oxicam-class nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects. Its impacts on many biological functions are not fully understood. We measured various biomarkers in male albino rats provided an oral aqueous ginger extract before IM administration of therapeutic and 2× the therapeutic doses of lornoxicam. The aqueous ginger plant extract was characterized by mass spectroscopy, and its effects were determined by examining free radical scavenging activity, blood parameters, renal and hepatic function, semen quality, proinflammatory cytokines, antioxidant markers, and histopathology. Rats administered lornoxicam had significantly higher liver and kidney function biomarker values, TNF-α, interleukin-6, and sperm abnormalities than the control rats. The overall erythrocyte count, packed cell volume, prostaglandin, and sperm counts were all considerably lower in the experimental animals. Histological changes were found in the liver, spleen, and testes of rats administered lornoxicam alone. In rats, pretreatment with ginger extract reduced the majority of the negative effects of conventional and high dosages of lornoxicam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M. El-Bahr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21523, Egypt
| | - Rabab R. Elzoghby
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Ahlam F. Hamouda
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
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Ishihama N, Choi SW, Noutoshi Y, Saska I, Asai S, Takizawa K, He SY, Osada H, Shirasu K. Oxicam-type non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit NPR1-mediated salicylic acid pathway. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7303. [PMID: 34911942 PMCID: PMC8674334 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27489-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including salicylic acid (SA), target mammalian cyclooxygenases. In plants, SA is a defense hormone that regulates NON-EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1), the master transcriptional regulator of immunity-related genes. We identify that the oxicam-type NSAIDs tenoxicam (TNX), meloxicam, and piroxicam, but not other types of NSAIDs, exhibit an inhibitory effect on immunity to bacteria and SA-dependent plant immune response. TNX treatment decreases NPR1 levels, independently from the proposed SA receptors NPR3 and NPR4. Instead, TNX induces oxidation of cytosolic redox status, which is also affected by SA and regulates NPR1 homeostasis. A cysteine labeling assay reveals that cysteine residues in NPR1 can be oxidized in vitro, leading to disulfide-bridged oligomerization of NPR1, but not in vivo regardless of SA or TNX treatment. Therefore, this study indicates that oxicam inhibits NPR1-mediated SA signaling without affecting the redox status of NPR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Ishihama
- Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Seung-Won Choi
- Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ivana Saska
- Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shuta Asai
- Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kaori Takizawa
- Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Sheng Yang He
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ken Shirasu
- Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Lewandowska P, Szczuka I, Bednarz-Misa I, Szczęśniak-Sięga BM, Neubauer K, Mierzchała-Pasierb M, Zawadzki M, Witkiewicz W, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Modulating Properties of Piroxicam, Meloxicam and Oxicam Analogues against Macrophage-Associated Chemokines in Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237375. [PMID: 34885960 PMCID: PMC8659253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the antineoplastic effects of oxicams have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to assess the effect of classic and novel oxicams on the expression/secretion of macrophage-associated chemokines (RTqPCR/Luminex xMAP) in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, and on the expression of upstream the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-activated genes NAG1, NFKBIA, MYD88, and RELA, as well as at the chemokine profiling in colorectal tumors. Meloxicam downregulated CCL4 9.9-fold, but otherwise the classic oxicams had a negligible/non-significant effect. Novel analogues with a thiazine ring substituted with arylpiperazine and benzoyl moieties significantly modulated chemokine expression to varying degree, upregulated NAG1 and NFKBIA, and downregulated MYD88. They inhibited CCL3 and CCL4, and their effect on CCL2 and CXCL2 depended on the dose and exposure. The propylene linker between thiazine and piperazine nitrogens and one arylpiperazine fluorine substituent characterized the most effective analogue. Only CCL19 and CXCL2 were not upregulated in tumors, nor was CXCL2 in tumor-adjacent tissue compared to normal mucosa. Compared to adjacent tissue, CCL4 and CXCL2 were upregulated, while CCL2, CCL8, and CCL19 were downregulated in tumors. Tumor CCL2 and CCL7 increased along with advancing T and CCL3, and CCL4 along with the N stage. The introduction of arylpiperazine and benzoyl moieties into the oxicam scaffold yields effective modulators of chemokine expression, which act by upregulating NAG1 and interfering with NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Lewandowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
| | - Izabela Szczuka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
| | - Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
| | | | - Katarzyna Neubauer
- Department and Clinics of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Mierzchała-Pasierb
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
| | - Marek Zawadzki
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (W.W.)
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Witkiewicz
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (W.W.)
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.L.); (I.S.); (I.B.-M.); (M.M.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-1370
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Moura MMDMS, Lima VE, Neto AADM, Lucena ALAD, Napoleão DC, Duarte MMMB. Degradation of the mixture of the ketoprofen, meloxicam and tenoxicam drugs using TiO 2/metal photocatalysers supported in polystyrene packaging waste. Water Sci Technol 2021; 83:863-876. [PMID: 33617493 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The solution mixture of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ketoprofen, meloxicam and tenoxicam was degraded through systems, composed of different photocatalysts based on TiO2 (Fe and Cu) and the hydrogen peroxide oxidant. The monitoring was performed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Under sunlight radiation, a reduction in peaks was observed with the use of impregnated photocatalysts. After 60 min, the sun/H2O2/Fe-TiO2 system reached degradations of 46.5% and 93.2% at 260 and 367 nm, respectively, and was selected for further studies. The degradation kinetic reached 92 and 96% of degradation after 180 min, for the λ of 260 and 367 nm, respectively. The kinetic curve could be represented by the empirical model proposed by Nichela and co-authors, indicating that besides the heterogeneous photocatalysis that occurs at the surface of the TiO2 there is also the joint effect of the photo-Fenton process. After the treatment, there was no toxicity to cress and lettuce seeds. However, a sensitivity of the thyme seeds to the compounds formed during the treatment was verified. After the fifth treatment cycle, the supported photocatalyst showed degradation higher than 82%. These results indicate that this system is suitable for the treatment of effluents containing pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maressa Maria de Melo Santos Moura
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenue Artur de Sá, s/n,Cidade Universitária, 50740-521, Recife, PE, Brasil E-mail:
| | - Victor Estolano Lima
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Street Acadêmico Hélio Ramos, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-530, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Antônio Acacio de Melo Neto
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Street Acadêmico Hélio Ramos, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-530, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Alex Leandro Andrade de Lucena
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenue Artur de Sá, s/n,Cidade Universitária, 50740-521, Recife, PE, Brasil E-mail:
| | - Daniella Carla Napoleão
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenue Artur de Sá, s/n,Cidade Universitária, 50740-521, Recife, PE, Brasil E-mail:
| | - Marta Maria M B Duarte
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenue Artur de Sá, s/n,Cidade Universitária, 50740-521, Recife, PE, Brasil E-mail:
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de Castro Araujo BL, de Oliveira JL, Rezende JFN, Noguera WS, de Melo AC, Thuler LCS. Impact of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Recurrence and Survival after Melanoma Surgery: A Cohort Study. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:415-423. [PMID: 32643437 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1793351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate if there was an association between intraoperative NSAID use and recurrence or survival. A cohort of patients who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma was retrospectively recruited. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 516 were included (NSAIDs = 307). The 10-year melanoma-specific survival was 63.2%. Log-rank test showed no statistically significant differences in time to treatment failure, melanoma-specific survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival between the study groups. The current study did not support the use of intraoperative NSAIDs in preventing death or recurrence in patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Luís de Castro Araujo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital do Câncer II, National Cancer Institute of Brazil (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jadivan Leite de Oliveira
- Connective and Bone Tissue Section, Hospital do Câncer II, National Cancer Institute of Brazil (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Francisco Neto Rezende
- Connective and Bone Tissue Section, Hospital do Câncer II, National Cancer Institute of Brazil (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler
- Clinical Research Division, National Cancer Institute of Brazil (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Neurology Post Graduation Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hashmat D, Shoaib MH, Ali FR, Siddiqui F. Lornoxicam controlled release transdermal gel patch: Design, characterization and optimization using co-solvents as penetration enhancers. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228908. [PMID: 32107483 PMCID: PMC7046209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to develop membrane-based transdermal patches of lornoxicam gel using oleic acid (OA)and propylene glycol (PG) as penetration enhancers to improve drug delivery across the skin and to evaluate in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. For this purpose, nine formulations were developed in accordance with 32 factorial design using Design Expert® 11. The concentration of propylene glycol (X1) and oleic acid (X2) were selected as independent variable whereas Q10 (Y1), flux (Y2) and lag time (Y3) were considered as the response variables. The impact of drug loading, surface area, gel concentration, membrane variation and agitation speed on drug release and permeation was also studied. The skin sensitivity reaction, analgesic activity and anti-inflammatory action of the optimized patch were also determined in Albino Wistar rats. Stability studies were performed for three months at three different temperature conditions. The result suggests that a membrane-based system with controlled zero-order drug release of 95.8 ± 1.121% for 10 h exhibiting flux of 126.51±1.19 μg/cm2/h and lag time of 0.908 ±0.57h was optimized with the desired analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect can be obtained by using propylene glycol and oleic acid co-solvents as a penetration enhancer. The patch was also found stable at 4˚C for a period of 6.44 months. Formulation F9 comprising of 10% PG and 3% OA was selected as an optimized formulation. The study demonstrates that the fabricated transdermal system of lornoxicam can deliver the drug through the skin in a controlled manner with desired analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity and can be considered as a suitable alternative of the oral route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durriya Hashmat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Harris Shoaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Ramzan Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Elshafie HS, Sadeek SA, Camele I, Mohamed AA. Biological and Spectroscopic Investigations of New Tenoxicam and 1.10-Phenthroline Metal Complexes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051027. [PMID: 32106569 PMCID: PMC7179110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, tenoxicam (H2Ten) reacted with Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn (II) ions in the presence of 1.10-phenthroline (Phen), forming new mixed ligand metal complexes. The properties of the formed complexes were depicted by elemental analyses, infrared, electronic spectra, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis, molar conductance and magnetic moment. IR spectra demonstrated that H2Ten acted as a neutral bidentate ligand, coordinated to the metal ions via the pyridine-N and carbonyl group of the amide moiety, and Phen through the nitrogen atoms. Kinetic thermodynamics parameters activation energy (E*), enthalpy of activation (ΔH*), entropy of activation (ΔS*), Gibbs, free energy (ΔG*) associated to the complexes have been evaluated. Antibacterial screening of the compounds was carried out in vitro against Clavibacter michiganensis, Xanthomonas campestris and Bacillus megaterium. Antifungal activity was performed in vitro against Monilinia fructicola, Penicillium digitatum and Colletotrichum acutatum. The possible phytotoxic effect of the studied compounds was also investigated on Solanum lycopersicum (tomatoes) and Lepidium sativum (garden cress) seeds. The anticancer activity was screened against cell cultures of HCT-116 (human colorectal carcinoma), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem S. Elshafie
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy;
| | - Sadeek A. Sadeek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Ippolito Camele
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0971-205544; Fax: +39-0971-205503
| | - Amira A. Mohamed
- Department of Basic Science, Zagazig Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
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Jalalifar S. Cyclooxygenases inhibitors for preventing the proliferative vitreoretinopathy: Ready for clinical use? Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2019; 94:e63-e64. [PMID: 31182242 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Jalalifar
- Department of Ophthalmology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Irán.
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Jin J, Min S, Chen Q, Zhang D. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with tramadol and lornoxicam after thoracotomy: A comparison with patient-controlled epidural analgesia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14538. [PMID: 30762794 PMCID: PMC6408084 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine efficacy and safety of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol and lornoxicam for postoperative analgesia, and its effects on surgical outcomes in patients following thoracotomy.The records of patients who underwent thoracotomy for lung resection between January 2014 and December 2014 at our institution were reviewed. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to postoperative pain treatment modalities. Patients of the patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) group (n = 63), received PCEA with 0.2% ropivacaine plus 0.5 μg/mL sufentanil, while patients in the PCIA group (n = 48), received PCIA with 5 mg/mL tramadol and 0.4 mg/mL lornoxicam. Data were collected for the quality of pain control, incidences of analgesia related side effects and pulmonary complications, lengths of thoracic intensive care unit stay and postoperative hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality.Pain at rest was always controlled well in both groups during the 4-day postoperative period. Patients in the PCIA group reported significantly higher pain scores on coughing and during mobilization in the first 2 postoperative days. The incidences of side effects and pulmonary complications, in-hospital mortality and other outcomes were similar between groups.PCIA with tramadol and lornoxicam can be considered as a safe and effective alternative with respect to pain control and postoperative outcomes for patients underwent thoracotomy.
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Shah SNH, Sohail K, Javaid Z, Zaman M, Basheer E. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for determination of Lornoxicam in rabbit's plasma. Pak J Pharm Sci 2019; 32:333-338. [PMID: 30829212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and accurate reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP- HPLC) method was developed for the quantification of lornoxicam in oral disintegrating tablets (ODTs) and in rabbit's plasma. C18 Hypersil™ column was used as stationary phase to separate the drug. Mobile phase methanol: acetonitrile: water (60:30:10) was run isocratically at flow rate of 1 mL/min at room temperature. Mean retention time was 4.23 minutes and minimum amount of lornoxicam that can be measured was 7 ng/mL in rabbit's plasma. Good linearity was observed in concentration range of 10-100 ng/mL with regression coefficient R2 value of 0.9989 and slope value 23773. As per ICH norms, developed method was validated in terms of interday, intraday precision, accuracy, specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) and drug plasma stability studies. All the data obtained revealed that this method can be used for in-vitro and in-vivo determination of lornoxicam in various pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nisar Hussain Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Sohail
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Javaid
- Akson College of Pharmacy, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Basheer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Abstract
The paraoxonase gene family in humans consists of three members as PON1, PON2 and PON3. PON2 can be expressed in several tissues; however, it is not released from the cells in those tissues. PON2 is also expressed in macrophages. Firstly, the commonly used NSAIDs diclofenac sodium and tenoxicam were applied on U937 cell line, the in vitro human monocyte cell line. Than PON2 specific Lactonase activity and paraoxonase family specific arylesterase were determined. Use of Diclofenac sodium in 0.845 mM dose during 6-12 h of incubation and Tenoxicam in 0.74 mM dose during 6 h of incubation resulted in a significant decline in the lactonase activity. Diclofenac sodium didn't make any change in the arylesterase activity. On the other hand, tenoxicam decreased arylesterase activity during the use of 12 h, in 0.74 mM and 1.48 mM dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Solmaz Avcıkurt
- a Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine , Balıkesir University , Balikesir , Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Korkut
- b Department of Medical Pharmacology , Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir University , Balikesir , Turkey
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Tsagareli N, Tsiklauri N, Kvachadze I, Tsagareli M. ANTINOCICEPTIVE TOLERANCE TO NSAIDS PARTIALLY MEDIATED VIA ENDOCANNABINOIDS IN ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX OF RATS. Georgian Med News 2018:120-125. [PMID: 30204109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pain is characterized as a complex experience, dependent not only on the regulation of nociceptive sensory systems but also on the activation of mechanisms that control emotional processes in limbic brain areas. Non-opioid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most widely used analgesics in the treatment of not-severe pain. We have recently shown that repeated doses result in tolerance to these drugs like opioids. Here we investigated the central brain mechanisms of non-opioid induced antinociception in the non-acute pain models of rats, such as the 'formalin test' and a relation between administration of NSAIDs in the limbic brain area, - the anterior cingulated cortex (ACC), - and the endocannabinoid system. We measured nociceptive thermal paw withdrawal latencies and mechanical thresholds monolaterally in rats following microinjections of NSAIDs (diclofenac, ketoprofen, xefocam), saline or the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonist (AM-251) in the ACC. Five min following intraplantar formalin injection all animals showed a significant reduction in thermal paw withdrawal latency and mechanical withdrawal threshold compared to pre-baseline values. Fifteen minutes after formalin injection, diclofenac, ketoprofen, xefocam clearly showed antinociceptive effects of NSAIDs. When pretreated with AM-251 we found a significant reduction of analgesic effects of NSAIDs. The present data support the notion that endocannabinoids' CB1 receptor contributes in part to antinociceptive effects of NSAIDs and probably involved in activation of the descending opioid modulatory system of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tsagareli
- Laboratory of Pain and Analgesia, Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi; Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Physiology, Georgia
| | - N Tsiklauri
- Laboratory of Pain and Analgesia, Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi; Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Physiology, Georgia
| | - I Kvachadze
- Laboratory of Pain and Analgesia, Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi; Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Physiology, Georgia
| | - M Tsagareli
- Laboratory of Pain and Analgesia, Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi; Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Physiology, Georgia
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Jiménez JJ, Muñoz BE, Sánchez MI, Pardo R. Forced and long-term degradation assays of tenoxicam, piroxicam and meloxicam in river water. Degradation products and adsorption to sediment. Chemosphere 2018; 191:903-910. [PMID: 29145135 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The fate of the pharmaceutical drugs tenoxicam, piroxicam and meloxicam in river water is evaluated here for first time. So, biological, photochemical and thermal degradation assays have been conducted to estimate their degradation rates and know their degradation products. Results indicated that the direct sunlight irradiation, without any protection, promoted a fast degradation of the oxicams while the chemical reactions in solution were less important. The biological degradation in water was negligible except for tenoxicam in whose case its influence was scarce. When the exposition of river water to sunlight was partially limited and kept under the natural day-night cycle, as occurs inside a body of water, tenoxicam, piroxicam and meloxicam (at 2 μg L-1) were detected during a period of 15, 27 and 45 days, respectively. Residues were monitored by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction and several degradation products were found (10 for tenoxicam, 9 for piroxicam and 7 for meloxicam) and monitored over time. Their structures were proposed from the molecular formulae and fragmentation observed in high-resolution tandem mass spectra; the nature of the transformation products found in the long-term resulted to be very variable for each oxicam. Furthermore, the degradation in presence of river sediment was also monitored over time, with some differences being noted; the adsorption coefficients of the compounds on sediment were calculated, meloxicam exhibited a higher sorption capacity. The ecotoxicity of the different compounds in aquatic ecosystems was predicted, too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Jiménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain; I.U. CINQUIMA, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 5, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz E Muñoz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Industrial Engineers, University of Valladolid, Francisco Mendizábal 1, 47014, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María I Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Industrial Engineers, University of Valladolid, Francisco Mendizábal 1, 47014, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rafael Pardo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
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Mustafa-Mikhail S, Assaraf S, Abecassis P, Dabaja H, Jarrous S, Hadad S, Lowenstein L. Comparison between Lornoxicam and Paracetamol for Pain Management after Dilation and Curettage for Abortion. Isr Med Assoc J 2017; 19:543-546. [PMID: 28971636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of postoperative pain has become a growing concern, even for minor gynecological procedures. Proper postoperative pain management has been shown to lead to earlier mobilization, shortened hospital stay, and increased patient satisfaction. The optimal means of reducing the pain of pregnancy termination has not yet been determined. OBJECTIVES To compare the efficiency in pain management of two drugs, lornoxicam and paracetamol, given intravenously postoperatively to women who underwent abortion with dilation and curettage. METHODS The cohort comprised 80 women scheduled for dilation and curettage for pregnancy termination at 6-12 gestational weeks. The anesthesiologist gave 1000 mg paracetamol or 20 mg lornoxicam soon after starting the procedure, according to a randomization table. The medical staff and the patients were blinded to the drug that was administered. Pain levels were evaluated by a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes following arrival at the postoperative care unit. RESULTS Mean levels of pain decreased from 60 minutes postoperative until the end of recording, reaching minimum levels at 120 minutes: 0.8 ± 0.19 and 1.5 ± 0.28, for lornoxicam and paracetamol, respectively. The differences between the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05 from 60 minutes after the procedure until the time of discharge. CONCLUSIONS Compared to women who received paracetamol, women who received lornoxicam after dilation and curettage for termination of pregnancy reported lower levels of pain, from 30 minutes postoperative until the time of discharge following the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Mustafa-Mikhail
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sharon Assaraf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Philippe Abecassis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hanin Dabaja
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Samer Jarrous
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Salim Hadad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lior Lowenstein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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18
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Chen SH, Chen SS, Chang CT, Huang CH, Fan SZ, Chen LK. The use of tenoxicam to prevent symptoms of discomfort induced by vagotonia during uterus manipulation in cesarean sections. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7624. [PMID: 28746222 PMCID: PMC5627848 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, tightness of the chest, bradycardia, and shoulder or abdominal discomfort, caused by vagotonia occurring during uterus manipulation, have concerned healthcare professionals for some time. Patients sometimes report these symptoms when undergoing spinal anesthesia for cesarean sections (CSs). We designed a prospective, double-blind study to investigate the effectiveness of tenoxicam in preventing these symptoms of discomfort. METHODS A total of 105 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I-II nulliparous pregnant women, who were scheduled for a CS, were enrolled into this prospective, double-blind study. Spinal anesthesia was conducted to reach a peak dermatome level of no more than T3. The 100 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups having completed study course: Group T (N = 50) received a 20 mg dose of tenoxicam in 5 mL of normal saline (NS) immediately after skin incision and Group N (N = 50) only received 5 mL NS. The incidence and severity of the symptoms experienced by the patients were recorded by a nurse anesthetist who was blinded to the injection regimen the patients were receiving. A chi-square test was used for statistical analysis t test and P < .05 was defined as significant. RESULTS The incidence and degree of severity of nausea and vomiting were same in both the groups. The incidence and degree of severity of bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, tightness of the chest, shoulder discomfort, and abdominal discomfort were lower in Group T than in Group N. CONCLUSION Tenoxicam might theoretically block the parasympathetic vagus pathway and decrease the visceral pain or visceral-specific symptoms, alleviating the symptoms caused by vagotonia. However, the prophylactic effect of tenoxicam in reducing the incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting was not statistically significant. This could be because nausea and vomiting are not solely caused by vagotonia, but also by other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu
| | - Shiou-Sheng Chen
- Department of Urology, Taipei City Hospital Heping Fuyou Branch
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University
| | - Ching-Tao Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu
| | - Chi-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Zen Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kuei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sargin MA, Yassa M, Celik A, Ergun E, Tug N. Lidocaine and tenoxicam effectiveness for pain relief during Pipelle: Non-randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. J PAK MED ASSOC 2017; 67:527-533. [PMID: 28420909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of intrauterine lidocaine infusion with lidocaine and intravenous tenoxicam for decreasing the pain levels associated with endometrial biopsy. METHODS This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, from May to November 2015, and comprised patients undergoing endometrial biopsy with Pipelle. Intrauterine lidocaine infusion, paracervical block with lidocaine, intravenous tenoxicam or 4ml intravenous normal saline administered prior to biopsy. The main outcome measure was pain intensity immediately afterwards and 30minutes after biopsy, determined by a visual analogue scale score. Number Cruncher Statistical System 2007 was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Of the 232 participants, intrauterine lidocaine infusion group had 59(25.4%) patients, 57(24.6%) were controls while paracervical block group and intravenous tenoxicam group each had 58(25%) patients. Both visual analogue scale 0 and 30 scores of the control group were significantly higher than the other three groups (p<0.05). Also, the scores of intravenous tenoxicam group were significantly higher than both intrauterine lidocaine infusion and paracervical block with lidocaine groups (p<0.05 each). CONCLUSIONS Intravenous tenoxicam had a significantly lower effect than intrauterine lidocaine infusion and paracervical block with lidocaine during the early period after the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Akif Sargin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Yassa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Celik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Ergun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Tug
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Gorgiladze T, Nozadze I, Abzianidze E, Tsagareli M. NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS'S ANTINOCICEPTION MEDIATED BY THE OPIOID MECHANISM IN THE NUCLEUS RAPHE MAGNUS. Georgian Med News 2017:99-104. [PMID: 28574391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been established that the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) and rostral ventro-medial medulla (RVM) are involved in the descending pain control system. The latter involves the midline nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) and adjacent reticular formation. These brain structures are is one of important parts of CNS circuit that controls nociceptive transmission at the level of spinal cord. Here we report that microinjection of commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), diclofenac, ketorolac, metamizol, and xefocam into the NRM produces strong antinociception which is mediated by the opioid mechanism. The experiments were carried out on experimental and control (saline) white albino male rats. Animals were implanted with a guide cannula in the NRM and tested for antinociception following microinjection of NSAIDs into the NRM in the tail flick (TF) and hot plate (HP) tests. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests were used for statistical evaluation. The obtained data show that microinjection of these NSAIDs into the NRM produced antinociception as revealed by a latency increase in the tail-flick (TF) and hot plate (HP) latencies compared to the saline control microinjected into the same nucleus. Furthermore, we definitely showed that pre-treatment with opioid antagonist naloxone in the NRM diminishes NSAID-induced antinociception expressing in significant decrease in TF and HP latencies (P<0.001). The present findings support the concept that antinociceptive effects of NSAIDs are mediated via an endogenous opioid system possibly involving the descending pain modulatory circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gorgiladze
- 1Tbilisi State Medical University; 2Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi Georgia
| | - I Nozadze
- 1Tbilisi State Medical University; 2Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi Georgia
| | - E Abzianidze
- 1Tbilisi State Medical University; 2Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi Georgia
| | - M Tsagareli
- 1Tbilisi State Medical University; 2Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi Georgia
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Sivgin V, Kucuk A, Comu FM, Kosem B, Kartal S, Turgut HC, Arpaci H, Aydin ME, Koc DS, Ozer A, Arslan M, Alkan M. Effects of intravenous ibuprofen and lornoxicam on erythrocyte deformability in rats undergoing hind limb ischemia reperfusion injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 117:722-725. [PMID: 28127969 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2016_138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Acute hind limb ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common consequence of abdominal aorta cross‑clamping during aortic surgery. Erythrocyte deformability is affected by I/R process and may lead to increased tissue and organ injury. Lornoxicam and intravenous ibuprofen are becoming commonly used as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) for postoperative analgesia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of lornoxicam (2 mg/kg iv) and intravenous ibuprofen (30 mg/kg iv) on erythrocyte deformability in I/R model in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four study groups, each containing 6 Wistar rats were created. Laparotomy was performed in all groups under general anesthesia with ketamine and xylazine. In all groups except sham group, ischemia and reperfusion were achieved by clamping and declamping the infrarenal abdominal aorta for 120 minutes. Rats in Group IR+L received intravenous infusion of lornoxicam (2 mg/kg) while rats in Group IR+I received intravenous infusion of ibubrofen (30 mg/kg) following 2 hours of ischemic period. At the end of reperfusion period, erythrocyte packs were prepared from heparinized blood samples. Erythrocyte suspensions with hematocrit at a concentration of 5% in a phosphate‑buffered saline (PBS) were used in order to perform deformability measurements. The value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Relative resistance has increased in ischemia reperfusion group when compared to control group (p < 0.0001). Lornoxicam or ibuprofen intravenous treatments did not change the erythrocyte deformability during ischemia reperfusion period in rats (p=0.851, p=0.690). CONCLUSION Intravenous ibuprofen or lornoxicam administrations during ischemia reperfusion period in rats have no negative effect on erythrocyte deformability. The findings of the study should be supported with more detailed and extensive clinical/experimental studies in the future (Fig. 1, Ref. 18).
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Naeem M, Pervaiz F, Nawaz Z, Yousup M, Ali A, Khalid N, Khan JA. A QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH: FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF OPTIMIZED TRANSDERMAL THERAPEUTIC SYSTEM FOR ANTIRHEUMATIC LORNOXICAM. Acta Pol Pharm 2017; 74:249-266. [PMID: 29474780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsion was prepared using several concentrations of selected oil (pine oil), surfactant (cre- mophor RH40), co-surfactant (isopropanol) and water to improve bioavailability by increasing solubility and permeability of lomoxicam, which was then incorporated to carbomer 940 gel base to fabricate microemulsion based gel (MEBG) to sustained permeability for transdermal delivery. Initially, the formulations were investi- gated for physicochemical characteristics, i.e., pH, conductivity, viscosity, refractive index, zeta size, poly-dis- persity index and Atomic Force Microscopy. Also, the significance of the components on in vitro permeability was observed to find out optimum microemulsion (ME,) using Box-Behnken-Design (BBD). MEBG was com- pared for in vitro permeation, stability, skin irritation and anti-inflammatory studies using control gel and in vivo bioavailability study with oral tablet. Microemulsions exhibited the physiological pH (5.35-5.99), oil in water nature (139-185 tsiemens/cm), isotropic (1.3390-1.4166), narrow size (62 nm), homogeneity, Newtonian flow (52-160 centipoise) and spherical shape. Predicted values (Q2, flux, lag time) of optimized microemulsions derived from BBD were in reasonable agreement with experimental values. The formulations were stable and non-irritating to the skin. Significant difference was investigated when comparing percent inhibition of edema of MEBG (80%) and control gel (40%) with respect to standard. The MEBG behavior differed significantly from oral tablet formulation in vivo bioavailability. Such BBD based estimation will reduce time and cost in drug designing, delivery and targeting.
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Dasgupta S, Ray S, Dey S, Pal P, Mazumder B. Transdermal Lipid Nanocarriers: A Potential Delivery System for Lornoxicam. Pharm Nanotechnol 2017; 5:32-43. [PMID: 28948909 DOI: 10.2174/2211738505666170105161336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lornoxicam, is a NSAID of the oxicam class. Its short duration of action owing to rapid elimination and gastrointestinal side effects limits its usefulness when administered orally. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the proposed work is to develop suitable lipid nanocarriers for transdermal delivery of Lornoxicam with increased drug residence time at local site of inflamation and in systemic circulation, overcoming undesired gastrointestinal side effects. METHOD Lornoxicam loaded lipid nanocarriers like solid lipid nanocarriers (SLN), nano-structured lipid carriers (NLC) & nanoemulsions (NE) were prepared by high-speed homogenization technique. RESULT The particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index as obtained, were in the range of 140- 193 nm, -22 to -32 mV, and 0.354-0.301 for SLN formulations and 146-201 nm, -23 to -30 mV, and 0.355-0.354 for NLC formulations respectively. Characterization of stable NE revealed that globule size, zeta potential and polydispersity index were within the range of 138 to 195 nm, -26.1±0.123 mV and 0.195 ± 1.231 respectively. It was also observed that entrapment efficacy and drug loading improved as the lipid concentration was increased. The results obtained from the in vitro permeation study and in vivo anti-inflammatory study showed controlled drug permeation, increased bioavailability, longer retention and better therapeutic potential of Lornoxicam after transdermal application of lipid nanoparticles as compared to conventional gel. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the developed lipid nanoparticle loaded gel was found to be a suitable drug delivery carrier for transdermal delivery of Lornoxicam to increase the residence time of drug in systemic circulation and to combat the gastrointestinal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Dasgupta
- Department of Pharmacology, NSHM College of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kolkata, 700053, West Bengal. India
| | - Subhabrata Ray
- College of Pharmacy & AHS, Durgapur - 713206, West Bengal. India
| | - Sanjay Dey
- School of Pharmacy, Techno India University, EM-4/2, Sector- V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal. India
| | - Paulami Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam. India
| | - Bhaskar Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam. India
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Madni MA, Raza A, Abbas S, Tahir N, Rehman M, Kashif PM, Khan MI. DETERMINATION OF TENOXICAM IN THE PLASMA BY REVERSE PHASE HPLC METHOD USING SINGLE STEP EXTRACTION TECHNIQUE: A RELIABLE AND COST EFFECTIVE APPROACH. Acta Pol Pharm 2016; 73:1123-1128. [PMID: 29638052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A simple and cost effective RPLC-UV bio-analytical method was developed and used for tenoxicam quantification on ODS Hypersil C-18 column using classical liquid-liquid extraction technique for sample preparation. Acetonitrile was used as precipitating agent for plasma proteins and supernatant was taken for injection without any further modification. The bio-analytical method depends upon isocratic elution using binary mixture of aqueous 0.1 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate and acetonitrile in 6 : 4 ratio. The pH of mobile phase was adjusted to 2.8 which favor tenoxicam to remain undissociated throughout the analysis. The optimized flow rate of 1.0 mL/min provided proper separation of peaks and column clean up within 5 min. The UV detection was achieved at 381 nm and 4.29 min. Reproducible calibration curve gave 0.325 μg/mL LOQ, linear dynamic range from 0.325 to 20 μg/mL and recovery from plasma was 98.5% with %CV 0.2314 achieved. After validation, the method was applied in pharmacokinetic study in healthy human volunteers (n = 8). The pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated using kinetica version 4.1.1. The values of C. and area under curve for current study were 1.776 ± 0.003 pg/mL and 179.97 ± 0.0681 (mean ± SEM) pg x h/mL. The values of t, and volume of distribution for tenoxicam in current study were 74.103 0.167 h (mean ± SEM) and 11.962 ± 0.0677 L/kg (mean ± SEM), respectively. This method was simple, sensitive and successfully applied in pharmacokinetic studies. It can be extended to bioequivalence studies and evaluation of tenoxicam in different clinical situations.
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Karaman S, Gunusen I, Uyar M, Firat V. The Effect of Pre-operative Lornoxicam and Ketoprofen Application on the Morphine Consumption of Post-operative Patient-controlled Analgesia. J Int Med Res 2016; 34:168-75. [PMID: 16749412 DOI: 10.1177/147323000603400206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the efficacy of preoperative intramuscular lornoxicam and ketoprofen for post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study investigated 60 patients who received lornoxicam (group L, 8 mg), ketoprofen (group K, 100 mg) or saline (group C) 60 min before standard anaesthesia. All patients received patient-controlled analgesia (intravenous morphine) during the post-operative period. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores recorded 2, 4, 6 and 12 h after surgery in groups L and K patients were significantly lower than in group C patients, and VAS scores at 2, 4 and 6 h in group L patients were significantly lower than those in group K patients. Morphine consumption in groups L and K was significantly lower than in group C. Pre-emptive administration of lornoxicam and ketoprofen effectively reduced post-operative pain and morphine consumption, and lornoxicam was more effective than ketoprofen in the early post-operative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karaman
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Abstract
The administration of drugs by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is routinely practiced for the management of postoperative pain. It is common for 2 or more drugs to be combined in PCA solutions. The combination of analgesics and antiemetic agents is frequently required. Unfortunately, the compatibility and stability of lornoxicam and antiemetic agents, such as droperidol, ondansetrone, granisetron, and tropisetron, has not been determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compatibility and stability of solutions containing lornoxicam with the 4 antiemetic agents in combination for PCA administration.In our study, test samples were prepared in triplicate by adding 40 mg lornoxicam and 5 mg droperidol, 8 mg ondansetron, 6 mg granisetron, or 5 mg tropisetron to 100-mL polyolefin bags of sodium chloride 0.9% and stored at 25 °C. The analgesic mixture samples were visually inspected for precipitation, cloudiness, and discoloration at each sampling interval. Drug concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis.No loss of lornoxicam occurred with any of the 4 antiemetic agents tested for up to 48 hours. However, the contents of droperidol, ondansetron, granisetron, and tropisetron were significant loss >48 hours. After storage of 4.0 to 48.0 hours, the presence of a slight precipitate was observed in all the injection combinations.The results indicate that combinations of lornoxicam with droperidol, ondansetrone, granisetron, or tropisetron in infusion solution during simulated intravenous PCA administration were incompatibility when stored protected from light at 25 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Xia Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P.R. China, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Kriger AG, Akhtanin EA, Zemskov VM, Gorin DS, Smirnov AV, Berelavichus SV, Kozlova MN, Shishkina NS, Glotov AV. [Risk factors and prevention of postoperative pancreatitis after pancreatectomy]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2016:4-10. [PMID: 27459481 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia201674-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM to improve the results of pancreatic resections through decrease of postoperative pancreatitis incidence. MATERIAL AND METHODS It was analyzed 207 patients who underwent pancreatic surgery for pancreatic tumor (n=137) or chronic pancreatitis (n=70). 22 risk factors of postoperative pancreatitis were analyzed in 112 patients retrospectively. In prospective study of 95 patients the efficacy of lornoxicam to prevent postoperative pancreatitis was assessed. 68 parameters of immune state were studied to estimate effect of lornoxicam. RESULTS Significant factors were mellow pancreatic parenchyma, tumoral disease, pancreatic duct diameter over 3 mm, pancreatric duct index over 0.2, body mass index over 27 kg/m2. Likelihood of postoperative pancreatitis was 40%, 63%, 74.3% and 88.9% if 2, 3, 4 and 5 factors were combined respectively. Preventive use of lornoxicam reduced significantly incidence of postoperative pancreatitis (p=0.042). Incidence of pancreatic fistula and arrosive bleeding was decreased insignificantly due to small number of observations. CONCLUSION Assessment of significant risk factors and use of medical prevention are available to decrease likelihood of postoperative pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Kriger
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Akhtanin
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V M Zemskov
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - D S Gorin
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Smirnov
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Berelavichus
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - M N Kozlova
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - N S Shishkina
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Glotov
- Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Hadi MA, Rao NGR, Rao AS. Formulation and evaluation of mini-tablets-filled-pulsincap delivery of lornoxicam in the chronotherapeutic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Pak J Pharm Sci 2015; 28:185-193. [PMID: 25553695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this present research work, we have designed a pulsincap formulation comprising mini-tablets, which to the best of our knowledge this combination has not been reported yet. We successfully combined the advantages of mini-tablets technology to meet the optimized requirements of our pulsincap formulation. Our main aim was to target lornoxicam to treat rheumatoid arthritis as per the chronotherapeutic pattern of the disease. Directly compressing method was used to prepare mini-tablets. The drug, polymers and combine mixtures of drug and polymers was evaluated for pre-formulation testing. Prepared mini-tablets were also evaluated for physicochemical, dissolution and stability studies. From FTIR and DSC evaluation, we found no interaction between the drug and polymers used. For mini-tablets, all the physico-chemical parameters were in limit. The mini-tablets of lornoxicam were filled into an insoluble body of capsule, and its opening was sealed by plugging it with a polymer. The complete capsule body after sealing with a cap was given enteric coating. Different polymers in various concentrations were used as a plug, to identify the most suitable which gives a complete lag time of 5 hours when combined with 5% CAP coating. HPMC-K100M in 30% and sodium alginate in 40% concentrations were identified as the most suitable plugs. Our optimized pulsincap formulations releases lornoxicam after a lag time of 5 hrs and maximum portion of the drug will be released in the early morning hours. It was also found to be stable for a period of 6 months as per ICH guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Abdul Hadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Yenkapally (V), Moinabad, RR District, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Avanapu Srinivasa Rao
- Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Yenkapally (V), Moinabad (M), RR District, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Szczęśniak-Sięga B, Maniewska J, Poła A, Środa-Pomianek K, Malinka W, Michalak K. Synthesis of new piroxicam derivatives and their influence on lipid bilayers. Acta Pol Pharm 2014; 71:1045-1050. [PMID: 25745777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of potentially biologically active 1,2-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxides--analogs of piroxicam (a recognized non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) were synthesized from commercially available saccharin. All of the synthesized compounds were subjected to preliminary evaluation for their ability to interact with lipid bilayers. The influence of the new derivatives of piroxicam on liposomes made of EYPC was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy with two fluorescent probes--Laurdan and Prodan. All the studied compounds showed an interaction with model membranes.
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Maniewska J, Szczęśniak-Sięga B, Poła A, Sroda-Pomianek K, Malinka W, Michalak K. The interaction of new piroxicam analogues with lipid bilayers--a calorimetric and fluorescence spectroscopic study. Acta Pol Pharm 2014; 71:1004-1012. [PMID: 25856831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present paper was to assess the ability of new piroxicam analogues to interact with the lipid bilayers. The results of calorimetric and fluorescence spectroscopic experiments of two new synthesized analogues of piroxicam, named PR17 and PR18 on the phase behavior of phospholipid bilayers and fluorescence quenching of fluorescent probes (Laurdan and Prodan), which molecular location within membranes is known with certainty, are shown in present work. The presented results revealed that, depending on the details of chemical structure, the studied compounds penetrated the lipid bilayers.
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Sertoz N, Kocaoglu N, Ayanoğlu HÖ. Comparison of lornoxicam and fentanyl when added to lidocaine in intravenous regional anesthesia. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2014; 63:311-6. [PMID: 23931243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjan.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In this study, our goal was to compare intraoperative and postoperative analgesic effects of lornoxicam and fentanyl when added to lidocaine Intravenous Regional Anesthesia (IVRA) in a group of outpatients who underwent hand surgery. METHODS This is a double blind randomized study. A total of 45 patients were included, randomized into three groups. Patients in Group I (L) received 3 mg.kg-1 of 2% lidocaine 40 mL; patients in Group II (LL) received 3 mg.kg-1 lidocaine 38 mL + 2 mL lornoxicam; patients in Group III (LF) received 3 mg.kg-1 lidocaine 38 mL + 2 mL fentanyl. Our primary outcome was fi rst analgesic requirement time at postoperative period. RESULTS Lornoxicam added to lidocaine IVRA increased the sensory block recovery time without increasing side effects and increased fi rst analgesic requirement time at the postoperative period when compared to lidocaine IVRA (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively) and fentanyl added to lidocaine IVRA (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively). In addition, we also found that fentanyl decreased tourniquet pain (p < 0.01) when compared to lidocaine but showed similar analgesic effect with lornoxicam (p > 0.05) although VAS scores related to tourniquet pain were lower in fentanyl group. Lornoxicam added to lidocaine IVRA was not superior to lidocaine IVRA in decreasing tourniquet pain. CONCLUSIONS Addition of fentanyl to lidocaine IVRA seems to be superior to lidocaine IVRA and lornoxicam added to lidocaine IVRA groups in decreasing tourniquet pain at the expense of increasing side effects. However, lornoxicam did not increase side effects while providing intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. Therefore, lornoxicam could be more appropriate for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezih Sertoz
- Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Izmir, Turkey.
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Ozgören O, Develioglu H, Güncü G, Akman A, Berker E. The adjunctive effect of tenoxicam during non-surgical periodontal treatment on clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid levels of MMP-8 and TNF-α in patients with chronic periodontitis - randomized, double-blind clinical trial. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2014; 23:559-565. [PMID: 25166440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cytokines play a role of extracellular matrix degradation and remodelling, and are significantly involved in the course of periodontal disease. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adjunctive effect of administering an oxicam non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), tenoxicam, during non-surgical (phase 1) periodontal treatment on clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of MMP-8 and TNF-α in subjects with chronic periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 32 subjects with chronic periodontitis were randomized into two groups: 1) phase I periodontal treatment + NSAID and 2) phase I periodontal treatment + placebo. Phase I periodontal therapy consisted of scaling and root planning (SPR), which was provided by a single therapist masked with respect to group assignment. Patients in group 1 received a systemic NSAID (20 mg tenoxicam tablet once daily for 10 days). Clinical measures and GCF samples were obtained immediately prior to periodontal treatment and 30 days afterwards from all subjects. Clinical measures included a plaque index, gingival index, gingival bleeding time index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level. The MMP-8 and TNF-α levels in the GCF were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS With the exception of clinical attachment level, all clinical measures showed a significant (p < 0.05) improvement following non-surgical treatment in both the NSAID and placebo groups. A significant decrease in MMP-8 levels (p < 0.05) was observed at post-treatment in the NSAID group but not in the placebo group (p > 0.05). Treatment exhibited no effect on TNF-α levels (p > 0.05). There was also no statistically significant difference in clinical measurements after treatment between the two groups (p > 0.05). Moreover, the post treatment MMP-8 level in group 1 was statistically significant higher than the placebo group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The adjunctive administration of tenoxicam during phase I periodontal treatment decreases MMP-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with chronic periodontitis. But no benefits were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgür Ozgören
- Darıca Mouth and Tooth Health Center, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hakan Develioglu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Güliz Güncü
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Akman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ezel Berker
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Ibrahim MA. Tenoxicam-kollicoat IR binary systems: physicochemical and biological evaluation. Acta Pol Pharm 2014; 71:647-659. [PMID: 25272891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tenoxicam (TNX) binary systems in Kollicoat IR (KL) matrix were prepared in different drug: polymer ratios using kneading and spray-drying method. The prepared binary systems were characterized for drug dissolution rate, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), IR spectroscopy and x-ray diffractometry. The results showed that the drug dissolution rate was remarkably enhanced by incorporating it in the KL matrix either by kneading or spray-drying, and the dissolution rate was increased by decreasing the drug weight ratio. The DSc and x-ray studies revealed the presence of TNX in less crystalline or amorphous state in its-KL binary systems. Moreover, the spray-dried TNX-KL system in 1:4 ratio, that exhibited the faster dissolution rate, was formulated in oral disintegrating tablets (ODTs). The data indicated that a fast disintegration and higher drug dissolution rate was achieved in case of the ODTs containing the spray-dried form compared to the ODTS containing untreated drug or the commercial tablet (Epicotil). Also, the drug exhibited significantly (p < 0.01) faster onset of the anti-inflammatory analgesic activities in case of the ODTs containing the spray-dried form, that was superior to that observed with both the commercial tablet product and the ODTS containing untreated drug.
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Mahmoud WH, Mohamed GG, El-Dessouky MMI. Coordination modes of bidentate lornoxicam drug with some transition metal ions. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antimicrobial and antibreastic cancer activity studies. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 122:598-608. [PMID: 24334061 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The NSAID lornoxicam (LOR) drug was used for complex formation reactions with different metal salts like Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III) and Ni(II) chlorides and Fe(II), Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) borates. Mononuclear complexes of these metals are obtained that coordinated to NO sites of LOR ligand molecule. The nature of bonding and the stereochemistry of the complexes have been deduced from elemental analyses, IR, UV-Vis, (1)H NMR, mass, electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibility and ESR spectral studies, conductivity measurements, thermogravimetric analyses (TG-DTG) and further confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction. The activation thermodynamic parameters are calculated using Coats-Redfern and Horowitz-Metzger methods. The data show that the complexes have composition of ML2 type except for Fe(II) where the type is [ML3]. The electronic absorption spectral data of the complexes suggest an octahedral geometry around the central metal ion for all the complexes. The antimicrobial data reveals that LOR ligand in solution show inhibition capacity less or sometimes more than the corresponding complexes against all the species under study. In order to establish their future potential in biomedical applications, anticancer evaluation studies against standard breast cancer cell lines (MCF7) was performed using different concentrations. The obtained results indicate high inhibition activity for Cr(III), Fe(II) and Cu(II) complexes against breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and recommends them for testing as antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa H Mahmoud
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Gehad G Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
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Gencer ZK, Özkiriş M, Okur A, Korkmaz M, Saydam L. A comparative study on the impact of intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid, tenoxicam and betametazon on the relief of temporomandibular joint disorder complaints. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2014; 42:1117-21. [PMID: 24853591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2014.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intra-articular injections of three different agents with well known anti-inflammatory properties. MATERIALS AND METHOD Between April 2010 and January 2013 a total of 100 patients who were diagnosed as temporomandibular joint disorder in the Department of Otolaryngology at Bozok University School of Medicine were prospectively studied. Patients with symptoms of jaw pain, limited or painful jaw movement, clicking or grating within the joint, were evaluated with temporomandibular CT to investigate the presence of cartilage or capsule degeneration. In the study group there were 55 female and 45 male patients who were non-responders to conventional anti-inflammatory treatment for TMJ complaints. The patients were randomly divided into four groups consisting of a control group and three different groups who underwent intra-articular injection of one given anti-inflammatory agent for each group. We injected saline solution to intra-articular space in the control group. Of three anti-inflammatory agents including hyaluronic acid (HA, Hyalgan intra-articular injection, Sodium hyaluronate 10 mg/ml, 2 ml injection syringe, Bilim Pharmaceutical Company, Istanbul, Turkey); betamethasone (CS, Diprospan flacon, 7.0 mg betamethasone/1 ml, Schering-Plough Pharmaceutical Company, Istanbul, Turkey) and; tenoxicam (TX, Tilcotil flacon, 20 mg tenoxicam/ml, Roche Pharmaceutical Company, Istanbul, Turkey) were administered intra-articularly under, ultrasonographic guidance. Following the completion of injections the, changes in subjective symptoms were compared with visual analogue scales, (VAS) scores at 1st and 6th weeks' follow-up visits between four groups. RESULTS The HA group did significantly better pain relief scores compared to the, other groups at 1st and 6th weeks (p < 0.05). TX and CS groups' pain scores were better than control group values (p < 0.05, for both agents). The pain relief effect of TX was noted to decrease significantly between the 1st and 6th week (p < 0.05) (Fig. 1). We did not observe the same pattern in HA, CS and control (saline) groups between 1st and 6th week (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION We found that HA produced better pain relief scores when compared to the other anti-inflammatory agents studied. The main disadvantage of HA is its relatively higher cost. Additionally it does not have a reimbursement status by state or private health insurance systems in Turkey. Despite the lower VAS scores, intra-articular TX and CS may be assessed as more economic alternatives to intra-articular HA injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Kapusuz Gencer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Bozok University Medical Faculty, Turkey.
| | - Mahmut Özkiriş
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Bozok University Medical Faculty, Turkey
| | - Aylin Okur
- Department of Radiology, Bozok University Medical Faculty, Turkey
| | - Murat Korkmaz
- Department of Orthopedics, Bozok University Medical Faculty, Turkey
| | - Levent Saydam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Bozok University Medical Faculty, Turkey
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Azimova IE, Tabeeva GR. [Tenoxicam (texamen) in the treatment of acute cervicalgia: results of an open comparative trial]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2014; 114:47-51. [PMID: 24874317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute cervical pain is one of the most common reasons for a visit to a doctor and temporal disability. We studied efficacy and safety of the nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug tenoxicam (texamen) in the treatment of acute cervical pain in myofascial syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS A trial included 50 people (42 women and 8 men, mean age 42,2±6,8 years) with acute cephalgia. A main group (30 patients) received tenoxicam in dose 20 mg daily in the morning during 7 days with simultaneous therapeutic exercises with elements of postisometric relaxation of cervical muscles. A control group (20 patients) received myorelaxants and massage of a cervical-collar zone. RESULTS The analgesic effect was more rapid in patients treated with texamen compared to controls. Statistically significant differences were seen in 1-3 days of treatment. In the main group, the analgesic effect long, only 16,6% of patients reported the aggravation of pain in the evening hours during the first day of treatment and 10% in the 2nd day; 23,3% patients of the main group used an additional dose of texamen, another nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug (ibuprofen) or triptan to stop pain. CONCLUSION The introduction of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, in particular texamen, in the complex treatment of acute cephalgia can significantly reduce pain syndrome.
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Balandin VV, Gorobets ES. [Postoperative analgesia with nefopam and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients after surgery for tumors of head and neck]. Anesteziol Reanimatol 2014:40-43. [PMID: 24749308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
MATERIALS AND METHODS 83 adult patients included in the study were divided into two groups. Patients of the group-1 (n-49) had medium level of pain after cancer head and neck surgery. Patients of the group-2 (n-34) had severe pain. Three first postoperative days their post-operative multimodal analgesia started with tenoxycam 20 mg i.m. after induction of anesthesia, then every 24 hour (58 patients). 25 patients got ketoprofen 100 mg i.m. every 8-12 hours instead of tenoxycam. All patients had nefopam 30 mg i.m. 30 min prior the end of surgery procedure, and every 8 hours afterwards. 7 patients of the group-1 had more than 4 pain scores (day 1), 4 patients--at the day 2. They received tramadol or paracetamol additionally. 7 patients (group-2) also had up to 5 pain scores on the day 1, 5 patients had 4 pain scores on the day 2, and 3 patients 4 pain scores on the day 3. All that patients received additional analgesia with tramadol or trimeperidine once a day. 8.4% of patients suffered from adverse reactions (tachycardia, PONV and sweating). CONCLUSION This method of multimodal postoperative analgesia is very simple and fairly efficient.
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Tarasov AN, Vasil'ev AV, Olevskaia ER, Deriabina EA, Mashkovskiĭ AM. [The possibilities of modern prophylaxis of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)]. Eksp Klin Gastroenterol 2014:57-60. [PMID: 25842666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the results of the 1778 performed ERCP on patients with benign bile duct occlusion. Father was given evaluation of the effectiveness of using ksifokam, and usage of preventive and therapeutic stenting of the main pancreatic duct in 31 patients.
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Guner S, Onder H, Guner SI, Ceylan MF, Gökalp MA, Keskin S. Effectiveness of local tenoxicam versus corticosteroid injection for plantar fasciitis treatment. Orthopedics 2013; 36:e1322-6. [PMID: 24093711 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20130920-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of foot pain in adults. In this prospective study, the outcomes of local tenoxicam injection and corticosteroid therapy for the treatment of plantar fasciitis were compared. Patients were randomly assigned to either the tenoxicam or corticosteroid group. The tenoxicam group (n=31) was treated using a local injection of 1 mL of tenoxicam (20 mg/2 mL) and 1 mL of 2% lidocaine, whereas the steroid group (n=30) was treated with a local 1-mL injection containing 40 mg of methylprednisolone acetate and 1 mL of 2% lidocaine. Clinical evaluations, which were performed before the injection and 6 and 12 months after the injection, consisted of patient-assessed pain using a visual analog scale. In addition, patient satisfaction was measured using the Roles and Maudsley score. Comparison of pre- and posttreatment visual analog scale scores demonstrated a statistically significant difference in both groups (P<.05). Furthermore, no significant difference was found between the steroid and tenoxicam groups in terms of visual analog scale scores measured 12 months after injection (P>.05). The tenoxicam injection was not significantly more effective than the corticosteroid injection. However, both methods were effective and successful in treating patients with plantar fasciitis. Tenoxicam therapy appears to provide pain relief, but its effectiveness in the long term should be explored in additional studies.
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Lu Z, Zhu Q, Fang J, Peng G, Xu S. [Clinical study of analgesic effect of lornoxicam in nasal packing]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2013; 27:1145-1147. [PMID: 24479361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the pain control effect of lornoxicam on patients after nasal packing. METHOD A total of 56 patients undergoing nasal packing between January 2011 and August 2011 were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group. (1) Treatment group: routinely given lornoxicam for injection 8 mg(2 ml), intravenous injection, twice a day; (2) CONTROL GROUP: given saline 2 ml, intravenous injection, twice a day, other treatments are the same with the treatment group. Visual analog scale was used to record the painful severity of nose and head at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h,and record the sleep quality score at 24 and 48 h. RESULT The pain in nose and head and night sleeping in treatment group were all significantly better than that in control group. CONCLUSION The analgesic effect of lornoxicam in nasal packing is good, with no evident adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, People's Hospital of Yuyao, Yuyao 315400, China.
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, People's Hospital of Yuyao, Yuyao 315400, China
| | - Jianmiao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, People's Hospital of Yuyao, Yuyao 315400, China
| | - Guanghua Peng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, People's Hospital of Yuyao, Yuyao 315400, China
| | - Suzhen Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, People's Hospital of Yuyao, Yuyao 315400, China
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Zhao H, Ye TH, Gong ZY. [Non-inferiority study of lornoxicam to patient-controlled analgesia in patients after hysterectomy]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2013; 45:119-122. [PMID: 23411533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the non-inferiority of lornoxicam to fentanyl in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after hysterectomy. METHODS In this prospective randomized controlled study, 117 patients who suffered from moderate to severe pain i.e. pain visual analogue scale (VAS) ≥4 after hysterectomy were allocated to receive lornoxicam (Group L) or fentanyl (Group F) for patient-controlled analgesia. The patients were given a loading dose of lornoxicam 4 mg or fentanyl 50 μg after the enrollment according to the patients' grouping and connected to the patient-controlled analgesia device containing lornoxicam 0.4 g/L or fentanyl 5 mg/L with bolus dose set at 2.5 mL and lockout interval set at 10 min. Pain scores were rated using VAS at 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively. Pain intensity difference (PID) was the difference between pain scores rated immediately after surgery and 6, 12 and 24 h postoperatively. The sum of pain intensity difference over 24 h (SPID-24) was the sum of PID at 6, 12 and 24 h. non-inferiority could be claimed if the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for SPID-24 difference between the two groups was greater than pre-specified non-inferiority margin -3. RESULTS No difference was detected for pain scores at any time point between the two groups. SPID-24 were 12.0±6.1 and 10.2±5.4 (P>0.05). SPID-24 difference between the two groups was 0.66, 95%CI -1.24 to 2.56, and the lower limit greater than non-inferiority margin -3. Adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and drowsiness were significantly less in lornoxicam group than in fentanyl group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Lornoxicam is not inferior to the equivalent dose of fentanyl with regard to the margin pre-specified at -3 in reducing moderate to severe postoperative pain after hysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Mowafi HA, Elmakarim EA, Ismail S, Al-Mahdy M, El-Saflan AE, Elsaid AS. Intravenous lornoxicam is more effective than paracetamol as a supplemental analgesic after lower abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial. World J Surg 2012; 36:2039-44. [PMID: 22584689 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-012-1649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to determine the more effective supplemental analgesic, paracetamol or lornoxicam, for postoperative pain relief after lower abdominal surgery. METHODS Sixty patients scheduled for lower abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to receive either isotonic saline (control group), intravenous paracetamol 1 g every 6 h (paracetamol group), or lornoxicam 16 mg then 8 mg after 12 h (lornoxicam group). Additionally pain was treated postoperatively with morphine patient-controlled analgesia. Postoperative pain scores measured by the verbal pain score (VPS), morphine consumption, and the incidence of side effects were measured at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h postoperatively. RESULTS Morphine consumption at 12 and 24 h was significantly lower in the lornoxicam group (19.25 ± 5.7 mg and 23.1 ± 6.5 mg) than in the paracetamol group (23.4 ± 6.6 mg and 28.6 ± 7.6 mg). Both treatment groups had less morphine consumption than the control group (28.5 ± 5 mg and 38.1 ± 6.6 mg) at 12 and 24 h, respectively. Additionally, VPS was reduced in the paracetamol and the lornoxicam groups compared with the control group both at rest and on coughing. Further analysis revealed that VPS in the lornoxicam group was significantly lower than that in the paracetamol group only during coughing. Drug-related side effects were comparable in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Lornoxicam is superior to paracetamol for postoperative analgesia after lower abdominal surgery. However, paracetamol could be an alternative supplemental analgesic whenever an NSAID is unsuitable. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov.identifier:NCT01564680.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A Mowafi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dammam University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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Patel JR, Carlton RA, Needham TE, Chichester CO, Vogt FG. Preparation, structural analysis, and properties of tenoxicam cocrystals. Int J Pharm 2012; 436:685-706. [PMID: 22841852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cocrystals of tenoxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, are screened, prepared, and characterized in this study. Nine tenoxicam cocrystals were identified using solvent-drop grinding (SDG) techniques. Structural characterization was performed using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry, and multinuclear solid-state NMR (SSNMR). Thermal analysis, PXRD, and 1D SSNMR are used to detect solvates and phase mixtures encountered in SDG cocrystal screening. 2D SSNMR methods are then used to confirm cocrystal formation and determine structural aspects for selected cocrystals formed with saccharin, salicylic acid, succinic acid, and glycolic acid in comparison to Forms I and III of tenoxicam. Molecular association is demonstrated using cross-polarization heteronuclear dipolar correlation (CP-HETCOR) methods involving (1)H and (13)C nuclei. Short-range (1)H-(13)C CP-HETCOR and (1)H-(1)H double-quantum interactions between atoms of interest, including those engaged in hydrogen bonding, are used to reveal local aspects of the cocrystal structure. (15)N SSNMR is used to assess ionization state and the potential for zwitterionization in the selected cocrystals. The tenoxicam saccharin cocrystal was found to be similar in structure to a previously-reported cocrystal of piroxicam and saccharin. The four selected cocrystals yielded intrinsic dissolution rates that were similar or reduced relative to tenoxicam Form III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdishwar R Patel
- Product Development, GlaxoSmithKline plc., 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Decompression illness (DCI) is due to bubble formation in the blood or tissues following the breathing of compressed gas. Clinically, DCI may range from a trivial illness to loss of consciousness, death or paralysis. Recompression is the universally accepted standard treatment of DCI. When recompression is delayed, a number of strategies have been suggested in order to improve the outcome. OBJECTIVES To examine the effectiveness and safety of both recompression and adjunctive therapies in the treatment of DCI. SEARCH METHODS In our previous update we searched until October 2009. In this version we searched CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library, October 2011); MEDLINE (1966 to October 2011); CINAHL (1982 to October 2011); EMBASE (1980 to October 2011); the Database of Randomised Controlled Trials in Hyperbaric Medicine (October 2011); and handsearched journals and texts. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials that compared the effect of any recompression schedule or adjunctive therapy with a standard recompression schedule. We did not apply language restrictions. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three authors extracted the data independently. We assessed each trial for internal validity and resolved differences by discussion. Data were entered into RevMan 5.1. MAIN RESULTS Two randomized controlled trials enrolling a total of 268 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias for Drewry 1994 was unclear as this study was presented as an abstract, while Bennett 2003 was rated as at low risk. Pooling of data was not possible. In one study there was no evidence of improved effectiveness with the addition of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (tenoxicam) to routine recompression therapy (at six weeks: relative risk (RR) 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90 to 1.20, P = 0.58) but there was a reduction in the number of compressions required when tenoxicam was added from three to two (P = 0.01, 95% CI 0 to 1). In the other study, the odds of multiple recompressions were lower with a helium and oxygen (heliox) table compared to an oxygen treatment table (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.31 to 1.00, P = 0.05). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Recompression therapy is standard for the treatment of DCI, but there is no randomized controlled trial evidence for its use. Both the addition of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and the use of heliox may reduce the number of recompressions required, but neither improve the odds of recovery. The application of either of these strategies may be justified. The modest number of patients studied demands a cautious interpretation. Benefits may be largely economic and an economic analysis should be undertaken. There is a case for large randomized trials of high methodological rigour in order to define any benefit from the use of different breathing gases and pressure profiles during recompression therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Bennett
- Department of Anaesthesia, Prince ofWales Hospital, Randwick, Australia.
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Zhang J, Li L, Gao Y, Fan W. Development and validation of a stability indicating HPLC method for the analysis of lornoxicam in powder for injection. Pak J Pharm Sci 2012; 25:371-375. [PMID: 22459464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, isocratic stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the estimation of lornoxicam in its powder for injection. The analysis was performed on a Shimadzu VP-ODS (4. 6 mm x 15 cm, 5 µm) column. The mobile phase consisted of sodium acetate (pH 5.8; 0.05 M) and methanol (45:55) flowed at 1.0 ml/min. Detection was carried out at 290 nm. The developed method had the good ability to separate lornoxicam well from the degradation products. The regression data showed good linear relationship at the concentration range of 4.04-20.20 μ/mL with r(2)=0.9999. Specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness of the method were evaluated to validate the proposed method. Stressed degradation studies were conducted to provide an indication of its stability indicating property. The limits of detection and quantitation were 9.70 and 33.94 ng /ml, respectively. Lornoxicam was found to be stable in the mobile phase in 24 h. The co-existed excipients had no interference with the analytical procedure. Additional peaks appeared in the chromatograms of five kinds of forced degraded samples (light, heat, acid, base and oxidation degradation). Mean recovery assessed at three levels was from 99. 7 to 100.3%, indicating the good accuracy of the method. Repeatability and inter-day RSD of the method was determined to be 0.38% and 0.81%, respectively. The HPLC method was demonstrated to be robust for intentional minor changes of ratio, pH change, salt concentration and column temperature. The method should be utilized as the routine analysis and quality control of lornoxicam in injectable formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Ersan Ö, Akkaya T, Arık E, Ateş Y. Intra-articular levobupivacaine, lornoxicam and morphine analgesia after knee arthroscopy: a randomized, controlled trial. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2012; 46:411-415. [PMID: 23428763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effects of intra-articular levobupivacaine alone, intra-articular levobupivacaine in combination with lornoxicam, and intra-articular levobupivacaine in combination with lornoxicam and morphine on patients following arthroscopic surgery. METHODS The study included 60 ASA 1 and 2 patients between the ages of 20 and 70 years, scheduled for elective arthroscopy. Patients were divided into three groups of 20 through a randomized, double-blind method. Group 1 received 50 mg of levobupivacaine intra-articularly, Group 2 received 50 mg of levobupivacaine plus 8 mg of lornoxicam, and Group 3 received 50 mg of levobupivacaine plus 8 mg of lornoxicam and 8 mg of morphine. Visual analog scale (VAS) data was collected prospectively for the first 24 postoperative hours. RESULTS Group 2 showed statistically significant differences, especially in VAS values with movement at 0, 4, and 6 hours (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The combination of levobupivacaine and lornoxicam is superior to levobupivacaine alone and the addition of morphine does not improve VAS scores. It appears that the addition of additional drugs for more effective analgesia has its limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Önder Ersan
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Dişkapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
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Guzel AI, Kuyumcuoglu U, Celik Y. Comparative effect of lornoxicam and paracetamol in pain relief in endometrial sampling. J Exp Ther Oncol 2012; 9:317-320. [PMID: 22545424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a study to compare the analgesic effect of oral lornoxicam and oral paracetamol before endometrial sampling for benign conditions. This prospective, double-blind, randomized study was conducted on sixty women underwent endometrial sampling for benign indications, from November 2010 to April 2011. The patients were divided into two groups (lornoxicam and paracetamol group) and both administered drugs (8 mg oral lornoxicam or 500 mg oral paracetamol) one hour before the procedure. Pain scores, by VAS (Visual analog scale) pain score, were recorded 0, 30 and 60 minutes after the procedure and compared. All patients gave informed consent to the study. Statistical analyses were carried out by using the statistical packages for SPSS 15.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups about the demographic parameters (p > 0.05). Lornoxicam group showed lower VAS pain score than the paracetamol group (p < 0.05). A total of thirteen patients took additional analgesic in two groups (p < 0.05). According to the current study, oral lornoxicam is more effective in pain relief than oral paracetamol in patients underwent endometrial sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Irfan Guzel
- Ergani State Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
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Gunusen I, Karaman S, Acar A, Sargin A, Firat V. The efficacy of paracetamol versus tenoxicam on postoperative pain and morphine consumption after abdominal hysterectomy: a placebo-controlled, randomized study. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2012; 39:49-52. [PMID: 22675955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the analgesic efficacy and side-effects of paracetamol and tenoxicam in comparison with placebo in patients with postoperative pain after elective abdominal hysterectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 120 patients were randomly divided into three groups to receive either paracetamol 1 g, tenoxicam 20 mg or placebo intravenously at the end of surgery, and then morphine was administered by a patient-controlled analgesia device postoperatively. RESULTS Tenoxicam was associated with lower pain scores at the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 24th hour postoperatively. Total morphine consumption was 44.8 +/- 17.4 mg, 64.6 +/- 19.6 mg, 69.2 +/- 22.1 (tenoxicam, paracetamol and placebo group, respectively) and there was a significant difference in the tenoxicam group compared with the other two groups (p < 0.05). Side-effects except for nausea were similar. CONCLUSION A single dose of 20 mg tenoxicam provided effective analgesia and reduced total morphine consumption in comparison with paracetamol and placebo after abdominal hysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gunusen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Bölükbasi N, Ersanli S, Basegmez C, Ozdemir T, Ozyalcin S. Efficacy of quick-release lornoxicam versus placebo for acute pain management after dental implant surgery: a randomised placebo-controlled triple-blind trial. Eur J Oral Implantol 2012; 5:165-173. [PMID: 22866292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the efficacy of quick-release lornoxicam (LNX) on patient-reported acute pain after dental implant surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included subjects in good general health, aged 18 to 65 and scheduled to receive a maximum of three implants in the same quadrant. Participants received either 8 mg LNX or placebo and were asked to use the medications in case of pain in the first 120 min after implant surgery. Assessment of efficacy was performed using self-assessment questionnaires for the evaluation of pain intensity and pain relief for 12 h post dosing. Patients were also asked to record the rescue analgesic number. Evaluation of patient satisfaction was assessed using a 7-point scale. Safety was evaluated by the incidence of adverse events. RESULTS A total of 83 (LNX/placebo, 42/41) patients who met the inclusion criteria and finished the evaluation period were included in the study. The proportion of patients experiencing postoperative pain was significantly lower in the LNX-treated group compared to the placebo group. Patients in the LNX group reported significantly higher pain relief scores than the placebo group. Twenty-nine patients in the placebo group and 6 patients in the LNX group used rescue analgesics. The number of used rescue analgesics was 1.024 ± 0.79 and 0.167 ± 0.43 in the placebo and LNX groups, respectively. The level of patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the LNX-treated patients (P = 0.007). No adverse events were reported during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Quick-release LNX is effective in postoperative acute pain control and has a high safety profile following dental implant surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilüfer Bölükbasi
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Implantology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mondal Roy S, Sarkar M. Effect of lipid molecule headgroup mismatch on non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induced membrane fusion. Langmuir 2011; 27:15054-15064. [PMID: 21999838 DOI: 10.1021/la2030186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fusion is an essential process guiding many important biological events, which most commonly requires the aid of proteins and peptides as fusogenic agents. Small drug induced fusion at low drug concentration is a rare event. Only three drugs, namely, meloxicam (Mx), piroxicam (Px), and tenoxicam (Tx), belonging to the oxicam group of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown by us to induce membrane fusion successfully at low drug concentration. A better elucidation of the mechanism and the effect of different parameters in modulating the fusion process will allow the use of these common drugs to induce and control membrane fusion in various biochemical processes. In this study, we monitor the effect of lipid headgroup size mismatch in the bilayer on oxicam NSAIDs induced membrane fusion, by introducing dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) in dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs). Such headgroup mismatch affects various lipid parameters which includes inhibition of trans-bilayer motion, domain formation, decrease in curvature, etc. Changes in various lipidic parameters introduce defects in the membrane bilayer and thereby modulate membrane fusion. SUVs formed by DMPC with increasing DMPE content (10, 20, and 30 mol %) were used as simple model membranes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the DMPC-DMPE mixed vesicles. Fluorescence assays were used to probe the time dependence of lipid mixing, content mixing, and leakage and also used to determine the partitioning of the drugs in the membrane bilayer. How the inhibition of trans-bilayer motion, heterogeneous distribution of lipids, decrease in vesicle curvature, etc., arising due to headgroup mismatch affect the fusion process has been isolated and identified here. Mx amplifies these effects maximally followed by Px and Tx. This has been correlated to the enhanced partitioning of the hydrophobic Mx compared to the more hydrophilic Px and Tx in the mixed bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Mondal Roy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
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