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Sun Z, Jaswal AP, Chu X, Rajkumar H, Cortez AG, Edinger R, Rose M, Josefsson A, Bhise A, Huang Z, Ishima R, Mellors JW, Dimitrov DS, Li W, Nedrow JR. Assessment of Novel Mesothelin-Specific Human Antibody Domain VH-Fc Fusion Proteins-Based PET Agents. ACS Omega 2023; 8:43586-43595. [PMID: 38027361 PMCID: PMC10666227 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Mesothelin (MSLN) is a tumor-associated antigen found in a variety of cancers and is a target for imaging and therapeutic applications in MSLN-expressing tumors. We have developed high affinity anti-MSLN human VH domain antibodies, providing alternative targeting vectors to conventional IgG antibodies that are associated with long-circulating half-lives and poor penetration of tumors, limiting antitumor activity in clinical trials. Based on two newly identified anti-MSLN VH binders (3C9, 2A10), we generated VH-Fc fusion proteins and modified them for zirconium-89 radiolabeling to create anti-MSLN VH-Fc PET tracers. The focus of this study was to assess the ability of PET-imaging to compare the in vivo performance of anti-MSLN VH-Fc fusion proteins (2A10, 3C9) targeting different epitopes of MSLN vs IgG1 (m912; a clinical benchmark antibody with an overlapped epitope as 2A10) for PET imaging in a mouse model of colorectal cancer (CRC). The anti-MSLN VH-Fc fusion proteins were successfully modified and radiolabeled with zirconium-89. The resulting MSLN-targeted PET-imaging agents demonstrated specific uptake in the MSLN-expressing HCT116 tumors. The in vivo performance of the MSLN-targeted PET-imaging agents utilizing VH-Fc showed more rapid and greater accumulation and deeper penetration within the tumor than the full-length IgG1 m912-based PET-imaging agent. Furthermore, PET imaging allowed us to compare the pharmacokinetics of epitope-specific VH domain-based PET tracers. Overall, these data are encouraging for the incorporation of PET imaging to assess modified VH domain structures to develop novel anti-MSLN VH domain-based therapeutics in MSLN-positive cancers as well as their companion PET imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Sun
- Center
for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department
of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Ambika P. Jaswal
- Department
of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Xiaojie Chu
- Center
for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department
of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Harikrishnan Rajkumar
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Angel G. Cortez
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Robert Edinger
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Max Rose
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Anders Josefsson
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Department
of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Abhinav Bhise
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Department
of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Rieko Ishima
- Department
of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - John W Mellors
- Center
for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department
of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Dimiter S. Dimitrov
- Center
for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department
of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Center
for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department
of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Jessie R. Nedrow
- Hillman
Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Department
of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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Koerner SA, Rajkumar H, Edinger R, Lalonde RJ, Patel RB. Combination Immunotherapy with Partial Versus Whole Tumor Radiotherapy in a Preclinical Melanoma Tumor Model. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e241. [PMID: 37784952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Partial tumor radiotherapy (PTRT) with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is currently the subject of clinical trials and may be used clinically for large volume tumors when the full gross tumor volume (GTV) cannot be safely treated with full dose. PTRT delivers RT to a portion of the GTV, underdosing or not treating the remainder of the GTV, hypothesizing that ICI-mediated tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) infiltration will produce adequate disease control in un- or under-irradiated GTV. Standard treatment is whole tumor radiotherapy (WTRT), and potential differences in disease control between PTRT and WTRT with ICI have not been robustly assessed. We hypothesized that PTRT with ICI and WTRT with ICI will demonstrate similar tumor regression, and both RT regimens will demonstrate superior tumor regression as compared to ICI alone. MATERIALS/METHODS B78 melanoma flank tumors were generated in C57B/L6 mice, with randomization at tumor size of 1 cm to experimental cohorts of PTRT + ICI and WTRT + ICI and control groups of no RT ± ICI. Custom lead shields were fabricated to deliver 16 Gy single fraction PTRT (50% tumor treatment) and WTRT, with dosimetry confirmation via radiochromic film. ICI was delivered through I.P. injection of murine anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD-L1 at days 0, 3, and 6 post-RT. Tumor regression was assessed via differences in tumor volume at ten days post completion of ICI, and mean cohort tumor volumes were compared with ANOVA (α <0.05). Variances between individual cohorts were assessed via t-test (α <0.05). RESULTS Treatment cohorts demonstrated significant variance in tumor volume at ten days following treatment completion (p = 0.007, Table 1). WTRT + ICI demonstrated superior tumor regression when compared to PTRT + ICI (p = 0.006), ICI alone (p = 0.002), and control cohorts (p = 0.013). There was no difference in tumor regression between PTRT + ICI and ICI alone (p = 0.709), and PTRT + ICI did not achieve significant regression when compared to control (p = 0.083). Tumor regression did not differ between cohorts receiving no RT ± ICI (p = 0.103). CONCLUSION Our results in this ICI resistant melanoma model demonstrated superior tumor regression with WTRT + ICI as compared to PTRT + ICI and ICI alone, suggesting that even with concurrent ICI, PTRT may not be sufficient treatment for melanoma. PTRT + ICI tumor regression was similar to ICI alone, suggesting that PTRT may not overcome immune resistance in the unirradiated tumor volume. Further investigation of optimal RT regimens to potentiate ICI response is warranted and correlative studies examining spatial immunomodulation in unirradiated and irradiated portions of the same tumor are underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Koerner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - H Rajkumar
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - R Edinger
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - R B Patel
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
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Foster A, Nigam S, Tatum DS, Raphael I, Xu J, Kumar R, Plakseychuk E, Latoche JD, Vincze S, Li B, Giri R, McCarl LH, Edinger R, Ak M, Peddagangireddy V, Foley LM, Hitchens TK, Colen RR, Pollack IF, Panigrahy A, Magda D, Anderson CJ, Edwards WB, Kohanbash G. Novel theranostic agent for PET imaging and targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy of tumour-infiltrating immune cells in glioma. EBioMedicine 2021; 71:103571. [PMID: 34530385 PMCID: PMC8446777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant gliomas are deadly tumours with few therapeutic options. Although immunotherapy may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating gliomas, a significant barrier is the CD11b+ tumour-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs), a heterogeneous glioma infiltrate comprising up to 40% of a glioma's cellular mass that inhibits anti-tumour T-cell function and promotes tumour progression. A theranostic approach uses a single molecule for targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (TRT) and diagnostic imaging; however, there are few reports of theranostics targeting the tumour microenvironment. METHODS Utilizing a newly developed bifunctional chelator, Lumi804, an anti-CD11b antibody (αCD11b) was readily labelled with either Zr-89 or Lu-177, yielding functional radiolabelled conjugates for PET, SPECT, and TRT. FINDINGS 89Zr/177Lu-labeled Lumi804-αCD11b enabled non-invasive imaging of TAMCs in murine gliomas. Additionally, 177Lu-Lumi804-αCD11b treatment reduced TAMC populations in the spleen and tumour and improved the efficacy of checkpoint immunotherapy. INTERPRETATION 89Zr- and 177Lu-labeled Lumi804-αCD11b may be a promising theranostic pair for monitoring and reducing TAMCs in gliomas to improve immunotherapy responses. FUNDING A full list of funding bodies that contributed to this study can be found in the Acknowledgements section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Foster
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shubhanchi Nigam
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - David S Tatum
- Lumiphore, Inc., 600 Bancroft Way Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Itay Raphael
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jide Xu
- Lumiphore, Inc., 600 Bancroft Way Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Joseph D Latoche
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sarah Vincze
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rajan Giri
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Lauren H McCarl
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Robert Edinger
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Murat Ak
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Lesley M Foley
- Animal Imaging Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - T Kevin Hitchens
- Animal Imaging Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rivka R Colen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ian F Pollack
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Darren Magda
- Lumiphore, Inc., 600 Bancroft Way Berkeley, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Carolyn J Anderson
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15213, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211 USA.
| | - W Barry Edwards
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Gary Kohanbash
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Butterworth M, Liu X, Edinger R. Expression of intersectin 1/2 is repressed by aldosterone through microRNAs in the CCD to alter ENaC‐mediated Na
+
transport (893.4). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.893.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Cell Biology University of PIttsburghPittsburghPAUnited States
| | - Robert Edinger
- Renal Electrolyte Division University of PIttsburghPittsburghPAUnited States
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Butterworth M, Liu X, Edinger R. A microRNA cluster miR‐23/24/27 is regulated by aldosterone to alter Na
+
transport in the kidney distal nephron (711.5). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.711.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Cell Biology University of PIttsburghPittsburghPAUnited States
| | - Robert Edinger
- Renal Electrolyte Division University of PIttsburghPittsburghPAUnited States
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Butterworth M, Edinger R, Bertrand C, Frizzell R, Johnson J. ENaC Expression Alters a Recycling Vesicle Pool Responsible for its Regulation. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.606.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kaufman D, Haas CE, Edinger R, Hollick G. Antibiotic susceptibility in the surgical intensive care unit compared with the hospital-wide antibiogram. Arch Surg 1998; 133:1041-5. [PMID: 9790198 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.133.10.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates from patients in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) with hospital-wide bacterial susceptibility. DESIGN Retrospective cohort analytic study. SETTING Eight-bed SICU in a university-affiliated teaching hospital. PATIENTS All hospitalized patients with culture results positive for microorganisms. INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Antibiotic susceptibility data were collected retrospectively for all bacterial isolates from SICU patients during July 1, 1994, to June 30, 1995. All duplicate and surveillance cultures were eliminated from the data set. Susceptibility testing was conducted using our standard laboratory methods. Results were compared with the hospital-wide antibiogram (HWA) for the same time period. Comparisons were made using the chi(2) test with Yates correction or the Fisher exact test, as appropriate. Staphylococcus aureus (HWA, n=494; SICU, n=71) was significantly less susceptible to oxacillin (51% vs 28%; P<.001), ciprofloxacin (50% vs 25%; P<.001), erythromycin (46% vs 23%; P<.001), and clindamycin (51% vs 27%; P<.001) in the SICU. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (HWA, n=339; SICU, n=37) were significantly less susceptible to oxacillin (33% vs 16%; P=.04) and clindamycin (57% vs 34%; P=.02). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (HWA, n=513; SICU, n=96) was less susceptible to imipenem (85% vs 74%, P=.01) and more susceptible to ticarcillin-clavulanic acid (88% vs 100%, P<.001) in the SICU. Escherichia coli (HWA, n=474; SICU, n=36) was more susceptible to most penicillin-derivative antibiotics in the SICU (ampicillin [68% vs 83%, P=.06], ticarcillin [65% vs 86%, P=.01], mezlocillin [76% vs 95%, P=.01], and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid [88% vs 100%, P=.02]). CONCLUSIONS The 2 most commonly isolated bacterial pathogens in the SICU (S aureus and P aeruginosa) had significantly different susceptibility patterns compared with the HWA. Surprisingly, E coli isolated in the SICU tended to be more susceptible to penicillin-derivative antibiotics. These data indicate that empiric antibiotic choices in the SICU may be better guided by unit-specific antibiograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kaufman
- Department of Surgery, Rochester General Hospital, NY 14621-3095, USA
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Abstract
An 8-month prospective, volume controlled, comparison of Standard Anaerobic/F media with a new anaerobic high blood volume lytic medium (Lytic/F) was performed. A total of 2,092 compliant sets, consisting of an aerobic resin bottle or standard aerobic bottle, Standard Anaerobic/F, and Lytic/F bottle were evaluated. A total of 220 (10.6%) positive specimens were detected from the paired anaerobic bottles. These consisted of 194 true positive and 26 false positive bottles. Of 207 total organisms isolated, 122 were considered clinically significant. A comparison of significant organism recovery revealed 79 isolates in both anaerobic bottles, 7 isolates in the standard Anaerobic/F bottle only, and 36 isolates in the Lytic/F bottle only (p < 0.001). The lytic/F bottle detected significantly more Enterobacteriaceae (p < 0.005) and Streptococci (p < 0.05). There were 24 false positive Standard Anaerobic/F bottles and 2 false positive Lytic/F bottles (p < 0.001). When both bottles were positive the Standard Anaerobic/F bottle was positive 12 hours earlier in 1 instance whereas the Lytic/F bottle was positive 12 hours earlier in 8 instances. The mean time for detection in the Standard Anaerobic/F bottle was 18.2 hours versus 13.2 hours for the Lytic/F bottle. The new Lytic/F anaerobic blood culture media was found to be superior to Standard Anaerobic/F media for both total organism recovery and time to organism detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Hollick
- Microbiology Laboratory, Rochester General Hospital, New York 14621, USA
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Abstract
The Pasco Gram-negative identification system was evaluated for use with nonfermenting organisms. Of 127 isolates tested, 109 (86%) were correctly identified to the species level. A total of 91% (93 of 102 isolates) of the Pseudomonas-Xanthomonas group and the Acinetobacter group were correctly identified to the species level. The system was found to be useful for the identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Xanthomonas maltophilia, and Acinetobacter species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Edinger
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Rochester General Hospital, New York 14621
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Abstract
Since May 1983, our laboratory has, upon request, cultured stools for Yersinia spp. by using direct plating on cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin agar and a 3-week cold enrichment procedure. We isolated bacteria identified as Y. intermedia from six adult patients. All isolates were recovered only by the cold enrichment procedure and misidentified as Y. enterocolitica by the API 20E system (Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.). Final identification was made on the basis of results obtained with conventional tube biochemical tests. The isolates were tested for the following characteristics associated with virulence in Y. enterocolitica: lack of pyrazinamidase activity, autoagglutinability, presence of a 40- to 50-megadalton plasmid, production of heat-stable enterotoxin, and mouse lethality. All isolates tested had pyrazinamidase activity, and none were autoagglutinable. However, one isolate possessed a 40-megadalton plasmid. None produced enterotoxin or were lethal for mice. Review of the medical histories of the patients revealed that four of the six had diarrhea; however, none had disease typical of that caused by Y. enterocolitica. Our data confirmed the limited pathogenic potential of Y. intermedia and suggested that its isolation was without clinical significance in our patients. Conventional biochemical tests were required for reliable identification of Y. intermedia.
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