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Ferese R, Scala S, Suppa A, Campopiano R, Asci F, Zampogna A, Chiaravalloti MA, Griguoli A, Storto M, Pardo AD, Giardina E, Zampatti S, Fornai F, Novelli G, Fanelli M, Zecca C, Logroscino G, Centonze D, Gambardella S. Cohort analysis of novel SPAST variants in SPG4 patients and implementation of in vitro and in vivo studies to identify the pathogenic mechanism caused by splicing mutations. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1296924. [PMID: 38145127 PMCID: PMC10748595 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1296924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pure hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG) type 4 (SPG4) is caused by mutations of SPAST gene. This study aimed to analyze SPAST variants in SPG4 patients to highlight the occurrence of splicing mutations and combine functional studies to assess the relevance of these variants in the molecular mechanisms of the disease. Methods We performed an NGS panel in 105 patients, in silico analysis for splicing mutations, and in vitro minigene assay. Results and discussion The NGS panel was applied to screen 105 patients carrying a clinical phenotype corresponding to upper motor neuron syndrome (UMNS), selectively affecting motor control of lower limbs. Pathogenic mutations in SPAST were identified in 12 patients (11.42%), 5 missense, 3 frameshift, and 4 splicing variants. Then, we focused on the patients carrying splicing variants using a combined approach of in silico and in vitro analysis through minigene assay and RNA, if available. For two splicing variants (i.e., c.1245+1G>A and c.1414-2A>T), functional assays confirm the types of molecular alterations suggested by the in silico analysis (loss of exon 9 and exon 12). In contrast, the splicing variant c.1005-1delG differed from what was predicted (skipping exon 7), and the functional study indicates the loss of frame and formation of a premature stop codon. The present study evidenced the high splice variants in SPG4 patients and indicated the relevance of functional assays added to in silico analysis to decipher the pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Suppa
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Zampatti
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Fanelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy
| | - Chiara Zecca
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology of the University of Bari “Aldo Moro” at “Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico” Hospital Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology of the University of Bari “Aldo Moro” at “Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico” Hospital Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy
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Di Fonzo A, Percetti M, Monfrini E, Palmieri I, Albanese A, Avenali M, Bartoletti-Stella A, Blandini F, Brescia G, Calandra-Buonaura G, Campopiano R, Capellari S, Colangelo I, Comi GP, Cuconato G, Ferese R, Galandra C, Gambardella S, Garavaglia B, Gaudio A, Giardina E, Invernizzi F, Mandich P, Mineri R, Panteghini C, Reale C, Trevisan L, Zampatti S, Cortelli P, Valente EM. Harmonizing Genetic Testing for Parkinson's Disease: Results of the PARKNET Multicentric Study. Mov Disord 2023; 38:2241-2248. [PMID: 37750340 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) commonly recognizes a genetic basis; thus, patients with EOPD are often addressed to diagnostic testing based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) of PD-associated multigene panels. However, NGS interpretation can be challenging in a diagnostic setting, and few studies have addressed this issue so far. METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 648 patients with PD with age at onset younger than 55 years who underwent NGS of a minimal shared panel of 15 PD-related genes, as well as PD-multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification in eight Italian diagnostic laboratories. Data included a minimal clinical dataset, the complete list of variants included in the diagnostic report, and final interpretation (positive/negative/inconclusive). Patients were further stratified based on age at onset ≤40 years (very EOPD, n = 157). All variants were reclassified according to the latest American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria. For classification purposes, PD-associated GBA1 variants were considered diagnostic. RESULTS In 186 of 648 (29%) patients, the diagnostic report listed at least one variant, and the outcome was considered diagnostic (positive) in 105 (16%). After reanalysis, diagnosis changed in 18 of 186 (10%) patients, with 5 shifting from inconclusive to positive and 13 former positive being reclassified as inconclusive. A definite diagnosis was eventually reached in 97 (15%) patients, of whom the majority carried GBA1 variants or, less frequently, biallelic PRKN variants. In 89 (14%) cases, the genetic report was inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS This study attempts to harmonize reporting of PD genetic testing across several diagnostic labs and highlights current difficulties in interpreting genetic variants emerging from NGS-multigene panels, with relevant implications for counseling. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Di Fonzo
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Percetti
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Edoardo Monfrini
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Micol Avenali
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavior Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Bartoletti-Stella
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Blandini
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Brescia
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Sabina Capellari
- DIMEC, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Isabel Colangelo
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Cuconato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Galandra
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaudio
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory-UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Invernizzi
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Mandich
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Celeste Panteghini
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Reale
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Zampatti
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory-UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Cortelli
- DIMEC, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Vollstedt EJ, Madoev H, Aasly A, Ahmad-Annuar A, Al-Mubarak B, Alcalay RN, Alvarez V, Amorin I, Annesi G, Arkadir D, Bardien S, Barker RA, Barkhuizen M, Basak AN, Bonifati V, Boon A, Brighina L, Brockmann K, Carmine Belin A, Carr J, Clarimon J, Cornejo-Olivas M, Correia Guedes L, Corvol JC, Crosiers D, Damásio J, Das P, de Carvalho Aguiar P, De Rosa A, Dorszewska J, Ertan S, Ferese R, Ferreira J, Gatto E, Genç G, Giladi N, Gómez-Garre P, Hanagasi H, Hattori N, Hentati F, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Illarioshkin SN, Jankovic J, Jesús S, Kaasinen V, Kievit A, Klivenyi P, Kostic V, Koziorowski D, Kühn AA, Lang AE, Lim SY, Lin CH, Lohmann K, Markovic V, Martikainen MH, Mellick G, Merello M, Milanowski L, Mir P, Öztop-Çakmak Ö, Pimentel MMG, Pulkes T, Puschmann A, Rogaeva E, Sammler EM, Skaalum Petersen M, Skorvanek M, Spitz M, Suchowersky O, Tan AH, Termsarasab P, Thaler A, Tumas V, Valente EM, van de Warrenburg B, Williams-Gray CH, Wu RM, Zhang B, Zimprich A, Solle J, Padmanabhan S, Klein C. Establishing an online resource to facilitate global collaboration and inclusion of underrepresented populations: Experience from the MJFF Global Genetic Parkinson's Disease Project. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292180. [PMID: 37788254 PMCID: PMC10547150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disorder, currently affecting ~7 million people worldwide. PD is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, with at least 10% of all cases explained by a monogenic cause or strong genetic risk factor. However, the vast majority of our present data on monogenic PD is based on the investigation of patients of European White ancestry, leaving a large knowledge gap on monogenic PD in underrepresented populations. Gene-targeted therapies are being developed at a fast pace and have started entering clinical trials. In light of these developments, building a global network of centers working on monogenic PD, fostering collaborative research, and establishing a clinical trial-ready cohort is imperative. Based on a systematic review of the English literature on monogenic PD and a successful team science approach, we have built up a network of 59 sites worldwide and have collected information on the availability of data, biomaterials, and facilities. To enable access to this resource and to foster collaboration across centers, as well as between academia and industry, we have developed an interactive map and online tool allowing for a quick overview of available resources, along with an option to filter for specific items of interest. This initiative is currently being merged with the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program (GP2), which will attract additional centers with a focus on underrepresented sites. This growing resource and tool will facilitate collaborative research and impact the development and testing of new therapies for monogenic and potentially for idiopathic PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harutyun Madoev
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Anna Aasly
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Azlina Ahmad-Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bashayer Al-Mubarak
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Victoria Alvarez
- Laboratório de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Amorin
- Universidad de la Republica Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Grazia Annesi
- Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Cosenza, Italy
| | - David Arkadir
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Roger A. Barker
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North-West, South Africa
| | - A. Nazli Basak
- Suna and Inan Kiraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Agnita Boon
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura Brighina
- Department of Neurology, Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca/San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Monza Brianza, Italy
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tuebingen, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | | | - Jonathan Carr
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru
- Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Leonor Correia Guedes
- Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - David Crosiers
- Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Translational Neurosciences, Born Bunge Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joana Damásio
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Santo António—Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- UnIGENe, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Parimal Das
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Patricia de Carvalho Aguiar
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna De Rosa
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Joaquim Ferreira
- Translational Neurosciences, Born Bunge Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emilia Gatto
- Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Neurosciencias Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gençer Genç
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nir Giladi
- Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Pilar Gómez-Garre
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Faycal Hentati
- Mongi Ben Hmida National Institute of Neurology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Dorota Hoffman-Zacharska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson’s Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Silvia Jesús
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Valtteri Kaasinen
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Satasairaala Hospital, Pori, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anneke Kievit
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Klivenyi
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vladimir Kostic
- Department for Neurodegeneration, Clinic for Neurology UCCS, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrea A. Kühn
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Charité, Department of Neurology, Campus Mitte, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anthony E. Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s Disease, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and the Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Vladana Markovic
- Department for Neurodegeneration, Clinic for Neurology UCCS, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mika Henrik Martikainen
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - George Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lukasz Milanowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Özgür Öztop-Çakmak
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Márcia Mattos Gonçalves Pimentel
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Teeratorn Pulkes
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Rajthevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andreas Puschmann
- Department of Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Esther M. Sammler
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Skaalum Petersen
- Centre of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroese Hospital System, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Matej Skorvanek
- Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Mariana Spitz
- Neurology Service, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oksana Suchowersky
- Department of Medicine, Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and the Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pichet Termsarasab
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Rajthevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Avner Thaler
- Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Behavioral and Movement Disorders Section, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Bart van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ruey-Mei Wu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Justin Solle
- The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Shalini Padmanabhan
- The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
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4
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Zampatti S, Peconi C, Calvino G, Ferese R, Gambardella S, Cascella R, Sebastiani J, Falsini B, Cusumano A, Giardina E. A Splicing Variant in RDH8 Is Associated with Autosomal Recessive Stargardt Macular Dystrophy. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1659. [PMID: 37628710 PMCID: PMC10454646 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Stargardt macular dystrophy is a genetic disorder, but in many cases, the causative gene remains unrevealed. Through a combined approach (whole-exome sequencing and phenotype/family-driven filtering algorithm) and a multilevel validation (international database searching, prediction scores calculation, splicing analysis assay, segregation analyses), a biallelic mutation in the RDH8 gene was identified to be responsible for Stargardt macular dystrophy in a consanguineous Italian family. This paper is a report on the first family in which a biallelic deleterious mutation in RDH8 is detected. The disease phenotype is consistent with the expected phenotype hypothesized in previous studies on murine models. The application of the combined approach to genetic data and the multilevel validation allowed the identification of a splicing mutation in a gene that has never been reported before in human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Zampatti
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
| | - Cristina Peconi
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
| | - Giulia Calvino
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
| | | | - Stefano Gambardella
- Neuromed IRCSS, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, 1000 Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Benedetto Falsini
- Macula & Genoma Foundation, 00133 Rome, Italy; (J.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS/Catholic University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Macula & Genoma Foundation USA, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Andrea Cusumano
- Macula & Genoma Foundation, 00133 Rome, Italy; (J.S.)
- Macula & Genoma Foundation USA, New York, NY 10017, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
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5
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Dolcetti E, Bruno A, Azzolini F, Gilio L, Pavone L, Iezzi E, Galifi G, Gambardella S, Ferese R, Buttari F, De Vito F, Colantuono P, Furlan R, Finardi A, Musella A, Mandolesi G, Centonze D, Stampanoni Bassi M. Genetic regulation of IL-8 influences disease presentation of multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2023; 29:512-520. [PMID: 36803228 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231155049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual genetic variability may influence the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). The interleukin (IL)-8C>T rs2227306 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) regulates IL-8 activity in other clinical conditions; however, its role in MS has never been investigated. OBJECTIVES To explore the association between IL-8 SNP rs2227306, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-8 concentrations, clinical, and radiological characteristics in a group of newly diagnosed MS patients. METHODS In 141 relapsing-remitting (RR)-MS patients, rs2227306 polymorphism, CSF levels of IL-8, clinical, and demographical characteristics were determined. In 50 patients, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures were also assessed. RESULTS An association between CSF IL-8 and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) at diagnosis was found in our set of patients (r = 0.207, p = 0.014). CSF IL-8 concentrations were significantly higher in patients carrying the T variant of rs2227306 (p = 0.004). In the same group, a positive correlation emerged between IL-8 and EDSS (r = 0.273, p = 0.019). Finally, a negative correlation between CSF levels of IL-8 and cortical thickness emerged in rs2227306T carriers (r = -0.498, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION We describe for the first time a role of SNP rs2227306 of IL-8 gene in regulating the expression and the activity of this inflammatory cytokine in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefano Gambardella
- IRCSS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy/Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo," Urbino, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paola Colantuono
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio," Unimol, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Musella
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Roma, Italy/Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Roma, Italy/Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- IRCSS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy/Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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6
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Vollstedt EJ, Schaake S, Lohmann K, Padmanabhan S, Brice A, Lesage S, Tesson C, Vidailhet M, Wurster I, Hentati F, Mirelman A, Giladi N, Marder K, Waters C, Fahn S, Kasten M, Brüggemann N, Borsche M, Foroud T, Tolosa E, Garrido A, Annesi G, Gagliardi M, Bozi M, Stefanis L, Ferreira JJ, Correia Guedes L, Avenali M, Petrucci S, Clark L, Fedotova EY, Abramycheva NY, Alvarez V, Menéndez-González M, Jesús Maestre S, Gómez-Garre P, Mir P, Belin AC, Ran C, Lin CH, Kuo MC, Crosiers D, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA, Jankovic J, Nishioka K, Funayama M, Clarimon J, Williams-Gray CH, Camacho M, Cornejo-Olivas M, Torres-Ramirez L, Wu YR, Lee-Chen GJ, Morgadinho A, Pulkes T, Termsarasab P, Berg D, Kuhlenbäumer G, Kühn AA, Borngräber F, de Michele G, De Rosa A, Zimprich A, Puschmann A, Mellick GD, Dorszewska J, Carr J, Ferese R, Gambardella S, Chase B, Markopoulou K, Satake W, Toda T, Rossi M, Merello M, Lynch T, Olszewska DA, Lim SY, Ahmad-Annuar A, Tan AH, Al-Mubarak B, Hanagasi H, Koziorowski D, Ertan S, Genç G, de Carvalho Aguiar P, Barkhuizen M, Pimentel MMG, Saunders-Pullman R, van de Warrenburg B, Bressman S, Toft M, Appel-Cresswell S, Lang AE, Skorvanek M, Boon AJW, Krüger R, Sammler EM, Tumas V, Zhang BR, Garraux G, Chung SJ, Kim YJ, Winkelmann J, Sue CM, Tan EK, Damásio J, Klivényi P, Kostic VS, Arkadir D, Martikainen M, Borges V, Hertz JM, Brighina L, Spitz M, Suchowersky O, Riess O, Das P, Mollenhauer B, Gatto EM, Petersen MS, Hattori N, Wu RM, Illarioshkin SN, Valente EM, Aasly JO, Aasly A, Alcalay RN, Thaler A, Farrer MJ, Brockmann K, Corvol JC, Klein C. Embracing Monogenic Parkinson's Disease: The MJFF Global Genetic PD Cohort. Mov Disord 2023; 38:286-303. [PMID: 36692014 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As gene-targeted therapies are increasingly being developed for Parkinson's disease (PD), identifying and characterizing carriers of specific genetic pathogenic variants is imperative. Only a small fraction of the estimated number of subjects with monogenic PD worldwide are currently represented in the literature and availability of clinical data and clinical trial-ready cohorts is limited. OBJECTIVE The objectives are to (1) establish an international cohort of affected and unaffected individuals with PD-linked variants; (2) provide harmonized and quality-controlled clinical characterization data for each included individual; and (3) further promote collaboration of researchers in the field of monogenic PD. METHODS We conducted a worldwide, systematic online survey to collect individual-level data on individuals with PD-linked variants in SNCA, LRRK2, VPS35, PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, as well as selected pathogenic and risk variants in GBA and corresponding demographic, clinical, and genetic data. All registered cases underwent thorough quality checks, and pathogenicity scoring of the variants and genotype-phenotype relationships were analyzed. RESULTS We collected 3888 variant carriers for our analyses, reported by 92 centers (42 countries) worldwide. Of the included individuals, 3185 had a diagnosis of PD (ie, 1306 LRRK2, 115 SNCA, 23 VPS35, 429 PRKN, 75 PINK1, 13 DJ-1, and 1224 GBA) and 703 were unaffected (ie, 328 LRRK2, 32 SNCA, 3 VPS35, 1 PRKN, 1 PINK1, and 338 GBA). In total, we identified 269 different pathogenic variants; 1322 individuals in our cohort (34%) were indicated as not previously published. CONCLUSIONS Within the MJFF Global Genetic PD Study Group, we (1) established the largest international cohort of affected and unaffected individuals carrying PD-linked variants; (2) provide harmonized and quality-controlled clinical and genetic data for each included individual; (3) promote collaboration in the field of genetic PD with a view toward clinical and genetic stratification of patients for gene-targeted clinical trials. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susen Schaake
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Shalini Padmanabhan
- Research Programs, The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexis Brice
- Department of Neurology, Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Tesson
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Department of Neurology, Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Isabel Wurster
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Faycel Hentati
- Mongi Ben Hmida National Institute of Neurology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen Marder
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cheryl Waters
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stanley Fahn
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Meike Kasten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Max Borsche
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Eduardo Tolosa
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED:CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Garrido
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED:CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grazia Annesi
- Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Monica Gagliardi
- Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Maria Bozi
- Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Unit, 2nd Department of Neurology of the University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece; Psychiatry Hospital of Attica "Dafni," Neurology Department, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Joaquim J Ferreira
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Leonor Correia Guedes
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Neurology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, CHULN, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Micol Avenali
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Petrucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Sant' Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorraine Clark
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Laboratory of Personalized Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Victoria Alvarez
- Laboratório de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Manuel Menéndez-González
- Servicio Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Silvia Jesús Maestre
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gómez-Garre
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Kuo
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David Crosiers
- Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Born Bunge Institute, Department of Neurology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Funayama
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Camacho
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru; Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Torres-Ramirez
- Movement Disorders Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ana Morgadinho
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teeratorn Pulkes
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pichet Termsarasab
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Andrea A Kühn
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friederike Borngräber
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giuseppe de Michele
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna De Rosa
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Andreas Puschmann
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Skåne University, Lund, Sweden
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jonathan Carr
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rosangela Ferese
- IRCCS Neuromed, Localita' Camerelle, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- IRCCS Neuromed, Localita' Camerelle, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Bruce Chase
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Katerina Markopoulou
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston Illinois and Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wataru Satake
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Malco Rossi
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET), Argentina; Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Timothy Lynch
- Department of Neurology, The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diana A Olszewska
- Department of Neurology, The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology and the Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Ahmad-Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology and the Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bashayer Al-Mubarak
- Behavioural Genetics Unit, Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gençer Genç
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Patricia de Carvalho Aguiar
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North-West, South Africa
| | - Marcia M G Pimentel
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Bart van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Bressman
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mathias Toft
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silke Appel-Cresswell
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matej Skorvanek
- Department of Neurology, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia; Department of Neurology, University Hospital L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Agnita J W Boon
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg; Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Esther M Sammler
- Neurology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom; MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Behavioral and Movement Disorders Section, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaetan Garraux
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, Liège, Belgium; MoVeRe Group, GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Medical Genetic Center, Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany; Neurogenetics, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joana Damásio
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Santo António - Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal; UnIGENe, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Péter Klivényi
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vladimir S Kostic
- Department for Neurodegeneration, Clinic for Neurology CCS, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - David Arkadir
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mika Martikainen
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Vanderci Borges
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jens Michael Hertz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Laura Brighina
- Department of Neurology, Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca/San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Mariana Spitz
- Neurology Service, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oksana Suchowersky
- Department of Medicine, Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Parimal Das
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Movement Disorder Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Emilia M Gatto
- Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Neurosciencias Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Skaalum Petersen
- Centre of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands; Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroese Hospital System, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ruey-Meei Wu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Enza Maria Valente
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jan O Aasly
- Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anna Aasly
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Avner Thaler
- Movement Disorders, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Fixel Institute, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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7
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Lenzi P, Busceti CL, Lazzeri G, Ferese R, Biagioni F, Salvetti A, Pompili E, De Franchis V, Puglisi-Allegra S, Frati A, Ferrucci M, Fornai F. Autophagy Activation Associates with Suppression of Prion Protein and Improved Mitochondrial Status in Glioblastoma Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020221. [PMID: 36672156 PMCID: PMC9857229 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) feature up-regulation of the mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), which brings deleterious effects on malignancy and disease course. At the cellular level, up-regulation of mTOR affects a number of downstream pathways and suppresses autophagy, which is relevant for the neurobiology of GBM. In fact, autophagy acts on several targets, such as protein clearance and mitochondrial status, which are key in promoting the malignancy GBM. A defective protein clearance extends to cellular prion protein (PrPc). Recent evidence indicates that PrPc promotes stemness and alters mitochondrial turnover. Therefore, the present study measures whether in GBM cells abnormal amount of PrPc and mitochondrial alterations are concomitant in baseline conditions and whether they are reverted by mTOR inhibition. Proteins related to mitochondrial turnover were concomitantly assessed. High amounts of PrPc and altered mitochondria were both mitigated dose-dependently by the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, which produced a persistent activation of the autophagy flux and shifted proliferating cells from S to G1 cell cycle phase. Similarly, mTOR suppression produces a long-lasting increase of proteins promoting mitochondrial turnover, including Pink1/Parkin. These findings provide novel evidence about the role of autophagy in the neurobiology of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carla L. Busceti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Gloria Lazzeri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosangela Ferese
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Salvetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Pompili
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio De Franchis
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Puglisi-Allegra
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University, 00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Michela Ferrucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-050-2218667
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8
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Iannielli A, Luoni M, Giannelli SG, Ferese R, Ordazzo G, Fossati M, Raimondi A, Opazo F, Corti O, Prehn JHM, Gambardella S, Melki R, Broccoli V. Modeling native and seeded Synuclein aggregation and related cellular dysfunctions in dopaminergic neurons derived by a new set of isogenic iPSC lines with SNCA multiplications. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:881. [PMID: 36261424 PMCID: PMC9581971 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05330-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Triplication of the SNCA gene, encoding the protein alpha-Synuclein (αSyn), is a rare cause of aggressive and early-onset parkinsonism. Herein, we generated iPSCs from two siblings with a recently described compact SNCA gene triplication and suffering from severe motor impairments, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive deterioration. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, each SNCA copy was inactivated by targeted indel mutations generating a panel of isogenic iPSCs with a decremental number from 4 down to none of functional SNCA gene alleles. We differentiated these iPSC lines in midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neuronal cultures to characterize αSyn aggregation in native and seeded conditions and evaluate its associated cellular dysfunctions. Utilizing a new nanobody-based biosensor combined with super-resolved imaging, we were able to visualize and measure αSyn aggregates in early DA neurons in unstimulated conditions. Calcium dysregulation and mitochondrial alterations were the first pathological signs detectable in early differentiated DA neuronal cultures. Accelerated αSyn aggregation was induced by exposing neurons to structurally well-characterized synthetic αSyn fibrils. 4xSNCA DA neurons showed the highest vulnerability, which was associated with high levels of oxidized DA and amplified by TAX1BP1 gene disruption. Seeded DA neurons developed large αSyn deposits whose morphology and internal constituents resembled Lewy bodies commonly observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) patient brain tissues. These findings provide strong evidence that this isogenic panel of iPSCs with SNCA multiplications offers a remarkable cellular platform to investigate mechanisms of PD and validate candidate inhibitors of native and seeded αSyn aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Iannielli
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Luoni
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Gea Giannelli
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Ordazzo
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Fossati
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy ,grid.417728.f0000 0004 1756 8807IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Raimondi
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Experimental Imaging Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Felipe Opazo
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Olga Corti
- grid.425274.20000 0004 0620 5939Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Inserm U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225 Paris, France
| | - Jochen H. M. Prehn
- grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics and SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, 123 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy ,grid.12711.340000 0001 2369 7670Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo,, Urbino, Italy
| | - Ronald Melki
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Institut Francois Jacob, Molecular Imaging Center (MIRCen), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Vania Broccoli
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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9
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Bruno A, Dolcetti E, Azzolini F, Moscatelli A, Gambardella S, Ferese R, Rizzo FR, Gilio L, Iezzi E, Galifi G, Borrelli A, Buttari F, Furlan R, Finardi A, De Vito F, Musella A, Guadalupi L, Mandolesi G, Centonze D, Stampanoni Bassi M. Interleukin 6 SNP rs1818879 Regulates Radiological and Inflammatory Activity in Multiple Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050897. [PMID: 35627281 PMCID: PMC9141517 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is critically influenced by the expression of different pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) represents a major inflammatory molecule previously associated with exacerbated disease activity in relapsing remitting MS (RR-MS); however, the role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-6 gene has not been fully elucidated in MS. (2) Methods: We explored in a cohort of 171 RR-MS patients, at the time of diagnosis, the associations between four IL-6 SNPs (rs1818879, rs1554606, rs1800797, and rs1474347), CSF inflammation, and clinical presentation. (3) Results: Using principal component analysis and logistic regression analysis we identified an association between rs1818879, radiological activity, and a set of cytokines, including the IL-1β, IL-9, IL-10, and IL-13. No significant associations were found between other SNPs and clinical or inflammatory parameters. (4) Conclusions: The association between the rs1818879 polymorphism and subclinical neuroinflammatory activity suggests that interindividual differences in the IL-6 gene might influence the immune activation profile in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bruno
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Ettore Dolcetti
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Federica Azzolini
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Alessandro Moscatelli
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (L.G.)
- Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Rosangela Ferese
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Francesca Romana Rizzo
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Luana Gilio
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Ennio Iezzi
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Giovanni Galifi
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Angela Borrelli
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Fabio Buttari
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20121 Milan, Italy; (R.F.); (A.F.)
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20121 Milan, Italy; (R.F.); (A.F.)
| | - Francesca De Vito
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Alessandra Musella
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Rome, 00163 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (G.M.)
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Guadalupi
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (L.G.)
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Rome, 00163 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Rome, 00163 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (G.M.)
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0865-929250; Fax: +39-0865-929259
| | - Mario Stampanoni Bassi
- IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.B.); (E.D.); (F.A.); (S.G.); (R.F.); (F.R.R.); (L.G.); (E.I.); (G.G.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (F.D.V.); (M.S.B.)
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10
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Ferese R, Scala S, Suppa A, Campopiano R, Asci F, Chiaravalloti MA, Zampogna A, D'Alessio C, Fittipaldi F, Buttari F, Di Pardo A, Giardina E, Zampatti S, Fornai F, Novelli G, Fanelli M, Zecca C, Logroscino G, Centonze D, Gambardella S. Decipher non-canonical SPAST splicing mutations with the help of functional assays in patients affected by spastic paraplegia 4 (SPG4). Clin Genet 2022; 102:155-156. [PMID: 35524423 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Flowchart showing the molecular approach used to decipher the non-canonical splicing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Suppa
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Asci
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Zampatti
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Fanelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Chiara Zecca
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Bari University, "Pia Fondazione Card G.Panico" Lecce, Bari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Bari University, "Pia Fondazione Card G.Panico" Lecce, Bari, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
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11
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Dolcetti E, Bruno A, Azzolini F, Gilio L, Moscatelli A, De Vito F, Pavone L, Iezzi E, Gambardella S, Giardina E, Ferese R, Buttari F, Rizzo FR, Furlan R, Finardi A, Musella A, Mandolesi G, Guadalupi L, Centonze D, Stampanoni Bassi M. The BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism (rs6265) Modulates Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in the Early Phases of Multiple Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020332. [PMID: 35205376 PMCID: PMC8871843 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is critically influenced by the interplay between inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism (rs6265), one of the most studied single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), influences brain functioning and neurodegenerative processes in healthy individuals and in several neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the role of this polymorphism in MS is still controversial. In 218 relapsing–remitting (RR)-MS patients, we explored, at the time of diagnosis, the associations between the Val66Met polymorphism, clinical characteristics, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of a large set of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules. In addition, associations between Val66Met and structural MRI measures were assessed. We identified an association between the presence of Met and a combination of cytokines, identified by principal component analysis (PCA), including the pro-inflammatory molecules MCP-1, IL-8, TNF, Eotaxin, and MIP-1b. No significant associations emerged with clinical characteristics. Analysis of MRI measures evidenced reduced cortical thickness at the time of diagnosis in patients with Val66Met. We report for the first time an association between the Val66Met polymorphism and central inflammation in MS patients at the time of diagnosis. The role of this polymorphism in both inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes may explain its complex influence on the MS course.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Neurology Unit, IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Luana Gilio
- Neurology Unit, IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moscatelli
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Pavone
- Neurology Unit, IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Ennio Iezzi
- Neurology Unit, IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- Neurology Unit, IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Buttari
- Neurology Unit, IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Musella
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00163 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00163 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Guadalupi
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Neurology Unit, IRCSS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
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12
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Ferese R, Campopiano R, Scala S, D'Alessio C, Storto M, Buttari F, Centonze D, Logroscino G, Zecca C, Zampatti S, Fornai F, Cianci V, Manfroi E, Giardina E, Magnani M, Suppa A, Novelli G, Gambardella S. Cohort Analysis of 67 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Italian Patients: Identification of New Mutations and Broadening of Phenotype Expression Produced by Rare Variants. Front Genet 2021; 12:682050. [PMID: 34354735 PMCID: PMC8329958 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.682050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is the most prevalent inherited motor sensory neuropathy, which clusters a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders with more than 90 genes associated with different phenotypes. The goal of this study is to identify the genetic features in the recruited cohort of patients, highlighting the role of rare variants in the genotype-phenotype correlation. We enrolled 67 patients and applied a diagnostic protocol including multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification for copy number variation (CNV) detection of PMP22 locus, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) for sequencing of 47 genes known to be associated with CMT and routinely screened in medical genetics. This approach allowed the identification of 26 patients carrying a whole gene CNV of PMP22. In the remaining 41 patients, NGS identified the causative variants in eight patients in the genes HSPB1, MFN2, KIF1A, GDAP1, MTMR2, SH3TC2, KIF5A, and MPZ (five new vs. three previously reported variants; three sporadic vs. five familial variants). Familial segregation analysis allowed to correctly interpret two variants, initially reported as "variants of uncertain significance" but re-classified as pathological. In this cohort is reported a patient carrying a novel familial mutation in the tail domain of KIF5A [a protein domain previously associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)], and a CMT patient carrying a HSPB1 mutation, previously reported in ALS. These data indicate that combined tools for gene association in medical genetics allow dissecting unexpected phenotypes associated with previously known or unknown genotypes, thus broadening the phenotype expression produced by either pathogenic or undefined variants. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03084224).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Diego Centonze
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, The University of Bari "Aldo Moro," "Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico" Hospital Tricase, Lecce, Italy.,Department of Basic Medicine Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University "Aldo Moro" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Zecca
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, The University of Bari "Aldo Moro," "Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico" Hospital Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefania Zampatti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cianci
- Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Manfroi
- Department of Neuroscience- Neurogenetics, Santa Maria Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo," Urbino, Italy
| | - Antonio Suppa
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo," Urbino, Italy
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13
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Tirozzi A, Modugno N, Palomba NP, Ferese R, Lombardi A, Olivola E, Gialluisi A, Esposito T. Analysis of Genetic and Non-genetic Predictors of Levodopa Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:640603. [PMID: 33995045 PMCID: PMC8118664 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.640603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Levodopa (L-Dopa), representing the therapeutic gold standard for the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD), is associated with side effects like L-Dopa induced dyskinesia (LID). Although several non-genetic and genetic factors have been investigated for association with LID risk, contrasting results were reported and its genetic basis remain largely unexplored. Methods: In an Italian PD cohort (N = 460), we first performed stepwise multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard regressions modeling LID risk as a function of gender, PD familiarity, clinical subtype, weight, age-at-onset (AAO) and years-of-disease (YOD), L-Dopa dosage, severity scores, and scales assessing motor (UPDRS-III), cognitive (MoCA), and non-motor symptoms (NMS). Then we enriched the resulting model testing two variants—rs356219 and D4S3481—increasing the expression of the SNCA gene, previously suggested as a potential mechanism of LID onset. To account for more complex (non-linear) relations of these variables with LID risk, we built a survival random forest (SRF) algorithm including all the covariates mentioned above. Results: Among tested variables (N = 460 case-complete, 211 LID events; total follow-up 31,361 person-months, median 61 months), disease duration showed significant association (p < 0.005), with 6 (3–8)% decrease of LID risk per additional YOD. Other nominally significant associations were observed for gender—with women showing a 39 (5–82)% higher risk of LID—and AAO, with 2 (0.3–3)% decrease of risk for each year increase of PD onset. The SRF algorithm confirmed YOD as the most prominent feature influencing LID risk, with a variable importance of about 8% in the model. In genetic models, no statistically significant effects on incident LID risk was observed. Conclusions: This evidence supports a protective effect of late PD onset and gender (men) against LID risk and suggests a new independent protective factor, YOD. Moreover, it underlines the importance of personalized therapeutic protocols for PD patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Teresa Esposito
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Naples, Italy
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14
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Biagioni F, Vivacqua G, Lazzeri G, Ferese R, Iannacone S, Onori P, Morini S, D’Este L, Fornai F. Chronic MPTP in Mice Damage-specific Neuronal Phenotypes within Dorsal Laminae of the Spinal Cord. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:156-169. [PMID: 33206341 PMCID: PMC7936970 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neurotoxin 1-methyl, 4-phenyl, 1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropiridine (MPTP) is widely used to produce experimental parkinsonism. Such a disease is characterized by neuronal damage in multiple regions beyond the nigrostriatal pathway including the spinal cord. The neurotoxin MPTP damages spinal motor neurons. So far, in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients alpha-synuclein aggregates are described in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Nonetheless, no experimental investigation was carried out to document whether MPTP affects the sensory compartment of the spinal cord. Thus, in the present study, we investigated whether chronic exposure to small doses of MPTP (5 mg/kg/X2, daily, for 21 days) produces any pathological effect within dorsal spinal cord. This mild neurotoxic protocol produces a damage only to nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) axon terminals with no decrease in DA nigral neurons assessed by quantitative stereology. In these experimental conditions we documented a decrease in enkephalin-, calretinin-, calbindin D28K-, and parvalbumin-positive neurons within lamina I and II and the outer lamina III. Met-Enkephalin and substance P positive fibers are reduced in laminae I and II of chronically MPTP-treated mice. In contrast, as reported in PD patients, alpha-synuclein is markedly increased within spared neurons and fibers of lamina I and II after MPTP exposure. This is the first evidence that experimental parkinsonism produces the loss of specific neurons of the dorsal spinal cord, which are likely to be involved in sensory transmission and in pain modulation providing an experimental correlate for sensory and pain alterations in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giorgio Vivacqua
- Integrated Research Center (PRAAB), Campus Biomedico University of Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00125 Roma, Italy
- Department of Anatomic, Histologic, Forensic and Locomotor Apparatus Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Via Alfonso Borelli 50, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Gloria Lazzeri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Simone Iannacone
- Department of Anatomic, Histologic, Forensic and Locomotor Apparatus Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Via Alfonso Borelli 50, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Onori
- Department of Anatomic, Histologic, Forensic and Locomotor Apparatus Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Via Alfonso Borelli 50, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Sergio Morini
- Integrated Research Center (PRAAB), Campus Biomedico University of Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00125 Roma, Italy
| | - Loredana D’Este
- Department of Anatomic, Histologic, Forensic and Locomotor Apparatus Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, Via Alfonso Borelli 50, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via dell’Elettronica, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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15
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Campopiano R, Ferese R, Zampatti S, Giardina E, Biagioni F, Colonnese C, Centonze D, Storto M, Buttari F, Fraviga E, Broccoli V, Fanelli M, Fornai F, Gambardella S. A novel POLR3A genotype leads to leukodystrophy type-7 in two siblings with unusually late age of onset. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:258. [PMID: 32600288 PMCID: PMC7322863 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01835-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukodystrophies are familial heterogeneous disorders primarily affecting the white matter, which are defined as hypomyelinating or demyelinating based on disease severity as assessed at MRI. Recently, a group of clinically overlapping hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HL) has been associated with mutations in RNA polymerase III enzymes (Pol III) subunits. CASE PRESENTATION In this manuscript, we describe two Italian siblings carrying a novel POLR3A genotype. MRI imaging, genetic analysis, and clinical data led to diagnosing HL type 7. The female sibling, at the age of 34, is tetra-paretic and suffers from severe cognitive regression. She had a disease onset at the age of 19, characterized by slow and progressive cognitive impairment associated with gait disturbances and amenorrhea. The male sibling was diagnosed during an MRI carried out for cephalalgia at the age of 41. After 5 years, he developed mild cognitive impairment, dystonia with 4-limb hypotonia, and moderate dysmetria with balance and gait impairment. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides the first evidence of unusually late age of onset in HL, describing two siblings with a novel POLR3A genotype which showed the first symptoms at the age of 41 and 19, respectively. This provides a powerful insight into clinical heterogeneity and genotype-phenotype correlation in POLR3A related HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Campopiano
- I.R.C.C.S. I.N.M. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Rosangela Ferese
- I.R.C.C.S. I.N.M. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stefania Zampatti
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Diego Centonze
- I.R.C.C.S. I.N.M. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Storto
- I.R.C.C.S. I.N.M. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- I.R.C.C.S. I.N.M. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Edoardo Fraviga
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirco Fanelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- I.R.C.C.S. I.N.M. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- I.R.C.C.S. I.N.M. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy. .,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy.
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16
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Ferese R, Lenzi P, Fulceri F, Biagioni F, Fabrizi C, Gambardella S, Familiari P, Frati A, Limanaqi F, Fornai F. Quantitative Ultrastructural Morphometry and Gene Expression of mTOR-Related Mitochondriogenesis within Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134570. [PMID: 32604996 PMCID: PMC7370179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In glioblastoma (GBM) cells, an impairment of mitochondrial activity along with autophagy suppression occurs. Autophagy suppression in GBM promotes stemness, invasion, and poor prognosis. The autophagy deficit seems to be due, at least in part, to an abnormal up-regulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may be counteracted by pharmacological mTORC1 inhibition. Since autophagy activation is tightly bound to increased mitochondriogenesis, a defect in the synthesis of novel mitochondria is expected to occur in GBM cells. In an effort to measure a baseline deficit in mitochondria and promote mitochondriogenesis, the present study used two different GBM cell lines, both featuring mTOR hyperactivity. mTORC1 inhibition increases the expression of genes and proteins related to autophagy, mitophagy, and mitochondriogenesis. Autophagy activation was counted by RT-PCR of autophagy genes, LC3- immune-fluorescent puncta and immune-gold, as well as specific mitophagy-dependent BNIP3 stoichiometric increase in situ, within mitochondria. The activation of autophagy-related molecules and organelles after rapamycin exposure occurs concomitantly with progression of autophagosomes towards lysosomes. Remarkably, mitochondrial biogenesis and plasticity (increased mitochondrial number, integrity, and density as well as decreased mitochondrial area) was long- lasting for weeks following rapamycin withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosangela Ferese
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy; (R.F.); (F.B.); (S.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Paola Lenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.L.); (F.L.)
| | - Federica Fulceri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy; (R.F.); (F.B.); (S.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Cinzia Fabrizi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy; (R.F.); (F.B.); (S.G.); (A.F.)
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Pietro Familiari
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Frati
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy; (R.F.); (F.B.); (S.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.L.); (F.L.)
| | - Francesco Fornai
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy; (R.F.); (F.B.); (S.G.); (A.F.)
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.L.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Giorgi FS, Galgani A, Gaglione A, Ferese R, Fornai F. Effects of Prolonged Seizures on Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons: Evidence and Potential Clinical Relevance. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:249-265. [PMID: 32319018 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Seizures originating from limbic structures, especially when prolonged for several minutes/hours up to status epilepticus (SE), can cause specific neurodegenerative phenomena in limbic and subcortical structures. The cholinergic nuclei belonging to the basal forebrain (BF) (namely, medial septal nucleus (MSN), diagonal band of Broca (DBB), and nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM)) belong to the limbic system, while playing a pivotal role in cognition and sleep-waking cycle. Given the strong interconnections linking these limbic nuclei with limbic cortical structures, a persistent effect of SE originating from limbic structures on cBF morphology is plausible. Nonetheless, only a few experimental studies have addressed this issue. In this review, we describe available data and discuss their significance in the scenario of seizure-induced brain damage. In detail, the manuscript moves from a recent study in a model of focally induced limbic SE, in which the pure effects of seizure spreading through the natural anatomical pathways towards the cholinergic nuclei of BF were tracked by neuronal degeneration. In this experimental setting, a loss of cholinergic neurons was measured in all BF nuclei, to various extents depending on the specific nucleus. These findings are discussed in the light of the effects on the very same nuclei following SE induced by systemic injections of kainate or pilocarpine. The various effects including discrepancies among different studies are discussed. Potential implications for human diseases are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Sean Giorgi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Galgani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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18
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Campopiano R, Ferese R, Buttari F, Femiano C, Centonze D, Fornai F, Biagioni F, Chiaravalloti MA, Magnani M, Giardina E, Ruzzo A, Gambardella S. A Novel Homozygous Variant in the Fork-Head-Associated Domain of Polynucleotide Kinase Phosphatase in a Patient Affected by Late-Onset Ataxia With Oculomotor Apraxia Type 4. Front Neurol 2020; 10:1331. [PMID: 32010037 PMCID: PMC6974581 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia (AOA) is a clinical syndrome featuring a group of genetic diseases including at least four separate autosomal-recessive cerebellar ataxias. All these disorders are due to altered genes involved in DNA repair. AOA type 4 (AOA4) is caused by mutations in DNA repair factor polynucleotide kinase phosphatase (PNKP), which encodes for a DNA processing enzyme also involved in other syndromes featured by microcephaly or neurodegeneration. To date, only a few AOA4 patients have been reported worldwide. All these patients are homozygous or compound heterozygous carriers for mutations in the kinase domain of PNKP. In this report, we describe a 56 years old patient affected by AOA4 characterized by ataxia, polyneuropathy, oculomotor apraxia, and cognitive impairment with the absence of dystonia. The disease is characterized by a very late onset (50 years) when compared with other AOA4 patients described so far (median age of onset at 4 years). In this proband, Clinical Exome Analysis through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) consisting of 4,800 genes, identified the PNKP homozygous mutation p.Gln50Glu. This variant, classified as a likely pathogenic variant according to American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines, does not involve the kinase domain but falls in the fork-head-associated (FHA) domain. So far, mutations in such a domain were reported to associate only with a pure seizure syndrome without the classic AOA4 features. Therefore, this is the first report of patients carrying a mutation of the FHA domain within the PNKP gene which expresses the clinical phenotype known as the AOA4 syndrome and the lack of any seizure activity. Further studies are required to investigate specifically the significance of various mutations within the FHA domain, and it would be worth to correlate these variants with the age of onset of the AOA4 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Diego Centonze
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Ruzzo
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
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19
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Biagioni F, Ferese R, Limanaqi F, Madonna M, Lenzi P, Gambardella S, Fornai F. Methamphetamine persistently increases alpha-synuclein and suppresses gene promoter methylation within striatal neurons. Brain Res 2019; 1719:157-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Busceti CL, Ferese R, Bucci D, Ryskalin L, Gambardella S, Madonna M, Nicoletti F, Fornai F. Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122901. [PMID: 31197099 PMCID: PMC6627138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are produced by the adrenal cortex and regulate cell metabolism in a variety of organs. This occurs either directly, by acting on specific receptors in a variety of cells, or by stimulating catecholamine expression within neighbor cells of the adrenal medulla. In this way, the whole adrenal gland may support specific metabolic requirements to cope with stressful conditions from external environment or internal organs. In addition, glucocorticoid levels may increase significantly in the presence of inappropriate secretion from adrenal cortex or may be administered at high doses to treat inflammatory disorders. In these conditions, metabolic alterations and increased blood pressure may occur, although altered sleep-waking cycle, anxiety, and mood disorders are frequent. These latter symptoms remain unexplained at the molecular level, although they overlap remarkably with disorders affecting catecholamine nuclei of the brainstem reticular formation. In fact, the present study indicates that various doses of glucocorticoids alter the expression of genes and proteins, which are specific for reticular catecholamine neurons. In detail, corticosterone administration to organotypic mouse brainstem cultures significantly increases Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Dopamine transporter (DAT), while Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) is not affected. On the other hand, Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase (DBH) increases only after very high doses of corticosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Larisa Ryskalin
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fornai
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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21
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Gambardella S, Limanaqi F, Ferese R, Biagioni F, Campopiano R, Centonze D, Fornai F. ccf-mtDNA as a Potential Link Between the Brain and Immune System in Neuro-Immunological Disorders. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1064. [PMID: 31143191 PMCID: PMC6520662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragments of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are released outside the cell and they appear to persist in extracellular fluids as circulating, cell-free, mtDNA (ccf-mtDNA). When compared to nuclear DNA, such a double stranded mtDNA is more resistant to nuclease degradation. In fact, it is stable extracellularly where it can be detected in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), here acting as a potential biomarker in various disorders. In neurological diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and end-stage progressive Multiple Sclerosis), a decreased amount of CSF ccf-mtDNA is related with progressive cell dysfunction. This suggests an alteration in neuronal mtDNA levels (mtDNA replication, degradation and depletion) in vulnerable brain regions at early stages of neurodegeneration leading to reduced mtDNA release, which takes place before actual cell death occurs. On the other hand, elevated CSF ccf-mtDNA levels are reported in acute phases of relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). This occurs during acute inflammation, which anticipates the neurodegenerative process. Thus, an increase in inflammatory cells in the affected regions is expected to add on mtDNA release into the CSF. In addition, similarly to bacterial DNA, the non-methylated CpG sites of mtDNA, which activate innate immunity and inflammation, are likely to participate in the molecular mechanisms of disease. Thus, ccf-mtDNA may represent a powerful biomarker for disease screening and prognosis at early stage, although its biological role may extend to generating the neurobiology of disease. The present manuscript discusses recent experimental findings in relationship with clinical evidence comparing neuro-immunological features of neurodegenerative disorders with frankly neuro-infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Diego Centonze
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, Pozzilli, Italy.,Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, Pozzilli, Italy.,Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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22
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Ferese R, Bonetti M, Consoli F, Guida V, Sarkozy A, Lepri FR, Versacci P, Gambardella S, Calcagni G, Margiotti K, Piceci Sparascio F, Hozhabri H, Mazza T, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Tartaglia M, Marino B, Hertog JD, De Luca A. Cover Image, Volume 39, Issue 10. Hum Mutat 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Ferese R, Bonetti M, Consoli F, Guida V, Sarkozy A, Lepri FR, Versacci P, Gambardella S, Calcagni G, Margiotti K, Piceci Sparascio F, Hozhabri H, Mazza T, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Tartaglia M, Marino B, Hertog JD, De Luca A. Heterozygous missense mutations in NFATC1 are associated with atrioventricular septal defect. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1428-1441. [PMID: 30007050 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) may occur as part of a complex disorder (e.g., Down syndrome, heterotaxy), or as isolate cardiac defect. Multiple lines of evidence support a role of calcineurin/NFAT signaling in AVSD, and mutations in CRELD1, a protein functioning as a regulator of calcineurin/NFAT signaling have been reported in a small fraction of affected subjects. In this study, 22 patients with isolated AVSD and 38 with AVSD and heterotaxy were screened for NFATC1 gene mutations. Sequence analysis identified three missense variants in three individuals, including a subject with isolated AVSD [p.(Ala367Val)], an individual with AVSD and heterotaxy [p.(Val210Met)], and a subject with AVSD, heterotaxy, and oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) [p.(Ala696Thr)], respectively. The latter was also heterozygous for a missense change in TBX1 [p.(Pro86Leu)]. Targeted resequencing of genes associated with AVSD, heterotaxy, or OAVS excluded additional hits in the three mutation-positive subjects. Functional characterization of NFATC1 mutants documented defective nuclear translocation and decreased transcriptional transactivation activity. When expressed in zebrafish, the three NFATC1 mutants caused cardiac looping defects and altered atrioventricular canal patterning, providing evidence of their functional relevance in vivo. Our findings support a role of defective NFATC1 function in the etiology of isolated and heterotaxy-related AVSD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Bonetti
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Federica Consoli
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Valentina Guida
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Lepri
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Versacci
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, "Sapienza" University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Calcagni
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Margiotti
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Francesca Piceci Sparascio
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Hossein Hozhabri
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Marino
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, "Sapienza" University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Jeroen den Hertog
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biology, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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Ferese R, Scala S, Biagioni F, Giardina E, Zampatti S, Modugno N, Colonnese C, Storto M, Fornai F, Novelli G, Ruggieri S, Gambardella S. Heterozygous PLA2G6 Mutation Leads to Iron Accumulation Within Basal Ganglia and Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2018; 9:536. [PMID: 30042723 PMCID: PMC6048271 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of PLA2G6 gene are responsible for PARK14, an autosomal recessive L-DOPA responsive dystonia/parkinsonism with early/adult onset. This phenotype possesses an high clinical variability, which consists in the occurrence of cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, iron accumulation in the basal ganglia, and cognitive decline. This report describes a PD patient carrying an heterozygous PLA2G6 mutation, which was identified also in his PD affected sister. This patient is characterized by a L-DOPA responsive typical parkinsonian syndrome without the occurrence of dystonia, a slight cognitive decline, presence of iron accumulation both in neo and paleostriatum while cerebellar atrophy was absent. Clinical and imaging features are compatible with the PARK14 phenotype. Although PARK14 has been previously reported to be inherited as a recessive disorder, clinical and genetic analysis of this proband and his family rise the hypothesis that even heterozygous PLA2G6 mutations may cause PARK14. It remains to be analyzed whether these heterozygous variants may act as dominant mutations, or they merely increase the risk to develop PD by acting within a context of synergistic genetic and/or environmental backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emiliano Giardina
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Zampatti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Colonnese
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,DAI Neurology and Psichiatry, Department of Neuroradiology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Ferrucci M, Biagioni F, Lenzi P, Gambardella S, Ferese R, Calierno MT, Falleni A, Grimaldi A, Frati A, Esposito V, Limatola C, Fornai F. Rapamycin promotes differentiation increasing βIII-tubulin, NeuN, and NeuroD while suppressing nestin expression in glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29574-29599. [PMID: 28418837 PMCID: PMC5444688 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma cells feature mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) up-regulation which relates to a variety of effects such as: lower survival, higher infiltration, high stemness and radio- and chemo-resistance. Recently, it was demonstrated that mTOR may produce a gene shift leading to altered protein expression. Therefore, in the present study we administered different doses of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin to explore whether the transcription of specific genes are modified. By using a variety of methods we demonstrate that rapamycin stimulates gene transcription related to neuronal differentiation while inhibiting stemness related genes such as nestin. In these experimental conditions, cell phenotype shifts towards a pyramidal neuron-like shape owing long branches. Rapamycin suppressed cell migration when exposed to fetal bovine serum (FBS) while increasing the cell adhesion protein phospho-FAK (pFAK). The present study improves our awareness of basic mechanisms which relate mTOR activity to the biology of glioblastoma cells. These findings apply to a variety of effects which can be induced by mTOR regulation in the brain. In fact, the ability to promote neuronal differentiation might be viewed as a novel therapeutic pathway to approach neuronal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Ferrucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Human Anatomy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Paola Lenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Human Anatomy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Rosangela Ferese
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Calierno
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Falleni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alfonso Grimaldi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, La Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, La Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, La Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Human Anatomy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
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De Cinque M, Palumbo O, Mazzucco E, Simone A, Palumbo P, Ciavatta R, Maria G, Ferese R, Gambardella S, Angiolillo A, Carella M, Garofalo S. Developmental Coordination Disorder in a Patient with Mental Disability and a Mild Phenotype Carrying Terminal 6q26-qter Deletion. Front Genet 2017; 8:206. [PMID: 29270193 PMCID: PMC5723635 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminal deletion of chromosome 6q is a rare chromosomal abnormality associated with variable phenotype spectrum. Although intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, seizures and brain abnormalities are typical features of this syndrome, genotype-phenotype correlation needs to be better understood. We report the case of a 6-year-old Caucasian boy with a clinical diagnosis of intellectual disability, delayed language development and dyspraxia who carries an approximately 8 Mb de novo heterozygous microdeletion in the 6q26-q27 locus identified by karyotype and defined by high-resolution SNP-array analysis. This patient has no significant structural brain or other organ malformation, and he shows a very mild phenotype compared to similar 6q26-qter deletion. The patient phenotype also suggests that a dyspraxia susceptibility gene is located among the deleted genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna De Cinque
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "V. Tiberio", Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy.,Unità Operativa di Medicina Trasfusionale, Azienda Sanitaria Regionale del Molise, Presidio Ospedaliero San Timoteo, Termoli, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Genetica Medica, Poliambulatorio "Giovanni Paolo II", IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Mazzucco
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "V. Tiberio", Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonella Simone
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "V. Tiberio", Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy.,Unità Operativa di Medicina Trasfusionale, Azienda Sanitaria Regionale del Molise, Presidio Ospedaliero San Timoteo, Termoli, Italy
| | - Pietro Palumbo
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Genetica Medica, Poliambulatorio "Giovanni Paolo II", IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Renata Ciavatta
- Ufficio per la Tutela della Salute Neurologica e Psichica dell'Età Evolutiva, Azienda Sanitaria Regionale del Molise, Termoli, Italy
| | - Giuliana Maria
- Ufficio per la Tutela della Salute Neurologica e Psichica dell'Età Evolutiva, Azienda Sanitaria Regionale del Molise, Termoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonella Angiolillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "V. Tiberio", Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Genetica Medica, Poliambulatorio "Giovanni Paolo II", IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Silvio Garofalo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "V. Tiberio", Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Ferese R, Scorzolini L, Campopiano R, Albano V, Griguoli AM, Giardina E, Scala S, Ryskalin L, D'Alessio C, Zampatti S, Fantozzi R, Storto M, Fornai F, Gambardella S. PCR-based approach for qualitative molecular analysis of six neurotropic pathogens. Acta Virol 2017; 61:273-279. [PMID: 28854791 DOI: 10.4149/av_2017_305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, polymerase chain reaction analysis is frequently required to improve the detection of pathogen infections in central nervous system as a potential cause of neurological disorders and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The goal of this paper is to set up a fast, cheap and reliable molecular approach for qualitative detection of six neurotropic pathogens. A method based on PCR has been designed and implemented to guarantee the qualitative DNA detection of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSVI/II), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), rubella virus (RUBV) and Toxoplasma gondii in the cerebrospinal fluid, where otherwise they are barely detectable. Each PCR assay was tested using dilutions of positive controls, which demonstrated a sensitivity allowing to detect up to 102 copies/ml in PCR and 10 copies/ml in real-time PCR for each pathogen. Once been set up, the protocol was applied to evaluate the cerebrospinal fluid from 100 patients with suspected infectious diseases of the central nervous system and 50 patients without any infection. The method allowed to identify 17 positive cerebrospinal fluid with polymerase chain reaction and 22 with real-time PCR (RT-PCR), respectively. Therefore, application of RT PCR allows a fast and sensitive evaluation of neurotropic DNA pathogens in the course of diagnostic routine within neurological units.
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28
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Gambardella S, Ferese R, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Campopiano R, Griguoli AMP, Limanaqi F, Novelli G, Storto M, Fornai F. The Monoamine Brainstem Reticular Formation as a Paradigm for Re-Defining Various Phenotypes of Parkinson's Disease Owing Genetic and Anatomical Specificity. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:102. [PMID: 28458632 PMCID: PMC5394114 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional anatomy of the reticular formation (RF) encompasses a constellation of brain regions which are reciprocally connected to sub-serve a variety of functions. Recent evidence indicates that neuronal degeneration within one of these regions spreads synaptically along brainstem circuitries. This is exemplified by the recruitment of various brainstem reticular nuclei in specific Parkinson’s disease (PD) phenotypes, and by retrospective analysis of lethargic post-encephalitic parkinsonism. In fact, the spreading to various monoamine reticular nuclei can be associated with occurrence of specific motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). This led to re-consider PD as a brainstem monoamine disorder (BMD). This definition surpasses the anatomy of meso-striatal motor control to include a variety of non-motor domains. This concept clearly emerges from the quite specific clinical-anatomical correlation which can be drawn in specific paradigms of PD genotypes. Therefore, this review article focuses on the genetics and neuroanatomy of three PD genotypes/phenotypes which can be selected as prototype paradigms for a differential recruitment of the RF leading to differential occurrence of NMS: (i) Parkin-PD, where NMS are rarely reported; (ii) LRRK2-PD and slight SNC point mutations, where the prevalence of NMS resembles idiopathic PD; (iii) Severe SNCA point mutations and multiplications, where NMS are highly represented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataRome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
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29
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Gambardella S, Biagioni F, Ferese R, Busceti CL, Frati A, Novelli G, Ruggieri S, Fornai F. Vacuolar Protein Sorting Genes in Parkinson's Disease: A Re-appraisal of Mutations Detection Rate and Neurobiology of Disease. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:532. [PMID: 27932943 PMCID: PMC5121230 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian retromers play a critical role in protein trans-membrane sorting from endosome to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Recently, retromer alterations have been related to the onset of Parkinson's Disease (PD) since the variant p.Asp620Asn in VPS35 (Vacuolar Protein Sorting 35) was identified as a cause of late onset PD. This variant causes a primary defect in endosomal trafficking and retromers formation. Other mutations in VPS genes have been reported in both sporadic and familial PD. These mutations are less defined. Understanding the specific prevalence of all VPS gene mutations is key to understand the relevance of retromers impairment in the onset of PD. A number of PD-related mutations despite affecting different biochemical systems (autophagy, mitophagy, proteasome, endosomes, protein folding), all converge in producing an impairment in cell clearance. This may explain how genetic predispositions to PD may derive from slightly deleterious VPS mutations when combined with environmental agents overwhelming the clearance of the cell. This manuscript reviews genetic data produced in the last 5 years to re-define the actual prevalence of VPS gene mutations in the onset of PD. The prevalence of p.Asp620Asn mutation in VPS35 is 0.286 of familial PD. This increases up to 0.548 when considering mutations affecting all VPS genes. This configures mutations in VPS genes as the second most frequent autosomal dominant PD genotype. This high prevalence, joined with increased awareness of the role played by retromers in the neurobiology of PD, suggests environmentally-induced VPS alterations as crucial in the genesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Novelli
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli, Italy; Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
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30
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Ferese R, Zampatti S, Griguoli AMP, Fornai F, Giardina E, Barrano G, Albano V, Campopiano R, Scala S, Novelli G, Gambardella S. A New Splicing Mutation in the L1CAM Gene Responsible for X-Linked Hydrocephalus (HSAS). J Mol Neurosci 2016; 59:376-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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31
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Flex E, Jaiswal M, Pantaleoni F, Martinelli S, Strullu M, Fansa EK, Caye A, De Luca A, Lepri F, Dvorsky R, Pannone L, Paolacci S, Zhang SC, Fodale V, Bocchinfuso G, Rossi C, Burkitt-Wright EMM, Farrotti A, Stellacci E, Cecchetti S, Ferese R, Bottero L, Castro S, Fenneteau O, Brethon B, Sanchez M, Roberts AE, Yntema HG, Van Der Burgt I, Cianci P, Bondeson ML, Cristina Digilio M, Zampino G, Kerr B, Aoki Y, Loh ML, Palleschi A, Di Schiavi E, Carè A, Selicorni A, Dallapiccola B, Cirstea IC, Stella L, Zenker M, Gelb BD, Cavé H, Ahmadian MR, Tartaglia M. Activating mutations in RRAS underlie a phenotype within the RASopathy spectrum and contribute to leukaemogenesis. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:4315-27. [PMID: 24705357 PMCID: PMC4103678 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RASopathies, a family of disorders characterized by cardiac defects, defective growth, facial dysmorphism, variable cognitive deficits and predisposition to certain malignancies, are caused by constitutional dysregulation of RAS signalling predominantly through the RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) cascade. We report on two germline mutations (p.Gly39dup and p.Val55Met) in RRAS, a gene encoding a small monomeric GTPase controlling cell adhesion, spreading and migration, underlying a rare (2 subjects among 504 individuals analysed) and variable phenotype with features partially overlapping Noonan syndrome, the most common RASopathy. We also identified somatic RRAS mutations (p.Gly39dup and p.Gln87Leu) in 2 of 110 cases of non-syndromic juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia, a childhood myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic disease caused by upregulated RAS signalling, defining an atypical form of this haematological disorder rapidly progressing to acute myeloid leukaemia. Two of the three identified mutations affected known oncogenic hotspots of RAS genes and conferred variably enhanced RRAS function and stimulus-dependent MAPK activation. Expression of an RRAS mutant homolog in Caenorhabditis elegans enhanced RAS signalling and engendered protruding vulva, a phenotype previously linked to the RASopathy-causing SHOC2(S2G) mutant. Overall, these findings provide evidence of a functional link between RRAS and MAPK signalling and reveal an unpredicted role of enhanced RRAS function in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Flex
- Dipartimento di Ematologia, Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare and
| | - Mamta Jaiswal
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine Universitat, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | | | | | - Marion Strullu
- Genetics Department, INSERM UMR_S940, Institut Universitaire D'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris-Diderot Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Paris 75010, France
| | - Eyad K Fansa
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine Universitat, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Aurélie Caye
- Genetics Department, INSERM UMR_S940, Institut Universitaire D'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris-Diderot Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Paris 75010, France
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Laboratorio Mendel, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, Rome 00198, Italy
| | | | - Radovan Dvorsky
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine Universitat, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Luca Pannone
- Dipartimento di Ematologia, Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare and
| | | | - Si-Cai Zhang
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine Universitat, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | | | - Gianfranco Bocchinfuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Cesare Rossi
- UO Genetica Medica, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Emma M M Burkitt-Wright
- Genetic Medicine, Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Andrea Farrotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | | | - Serena Cecchetti
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Neuroscienze, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Rosangela Ferese
- Laboratorio Mendel, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, Rome 00198, Italy
| | | | - Silvana Castro
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica 'A. Buzzati Traverso', Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Naples 80131, Italy
| | | | - Benoît Brethon
- Pediatric Hematology Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris 75019, France
| | - Massimo Sanchez
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Neuroscienze, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Amy E Roberts
- Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, and Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Helger G Yntema
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, and Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6500, The Netherlands
| | - Ineke Van Der Burgt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, and Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6500, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Cianci
- Genetica Clinica Pediatrica, Clinica Pediatrica Università Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, A.O. S. Gerardo, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Marie-Louise Bondeson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75237, Sweden
| | | | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Istituto di Clinica Pediatrica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Genetic Medicine, Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Yoko Aoki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mignon L Loh
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California School of Medicine, and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Antonio Palleschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Elia Di Schiavi
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica 'A. Buzzati Traverso', Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carè
- Dipartimento di Ematologia, Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare and
| | - Angelo Selicorni
- Genetica Clinica Pediatrica, Clinica Pediatrica Università Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, A.O. S. Gerardo, Monza 20900, Italy
| | | | - Ion C Cirstea
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine Universitat, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany, Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Stella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Genetics and Department of Genomic Sciences, Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hélène Cavé
- Genetics Department, INSERM UMR_S940, Institut Universitaire D'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris-Diderot Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Paris 75010, France
| | - Mohammad R Ahmadian
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine Universitat, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Dipartimento di Ematologia, Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare and
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Digilio MC, Luca AD, Lepri F, Guida V, Ferese R, Dentici ML, Angioni A, Marino B, Dallapiccola B. JAG1 mutation in a patient with deletion 22q11.2 syndrome and tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:3133-6. [PMID: 23956173 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deletion 22q11.2 (del22q11.2) syndrome, also known as DiGeorge/Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (DG/VCFS), and Alagille syndrome are genetic disorders characteristically associated with congenital heart defects (CHDs). We report on a patient with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and clinical features of DG/VCFS, hemizygous for del22q11.2 and heterozygous for the 2810G > A (p.Arg937Gln) mutation in the JAG1 gene associated with Alagille syndrome. The clinical features of del22q11.2 syndrome are present in the patient, including facial anomalies, typical TOF, speech delay with hypernasal voice, and learning difficulties. TOF and mild hepatic involvement, consisting of slightly elevated aminotransferase conjugated bilirubin levels, were the only features of Alagille syndrome in our patient. The anatomic type of TOF displayed no distinctive recognizable pattern for either DG/VCFS or Alagille syndrome. It is likely that hemizygosity of the TBX1 gene was causally related to TOF in this patient, although a synergistic pathogenic role of the JAG1 gene mutation in causing the heart defect cannot be excluded. JAG1 mutations have been previously detected in patients with nonsyndromic TOF and recent molecular evidence supports the cumulative effect of multiple genetic defects in the etiology of human malformations. We hypothesize that a similar mechanism could be present in this patient with del22q11.2 syndrome associated with a JAG1 missense mutation acting as possible modifier factor for TOF.
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Digilio MC, Bernardini L, Consoli F, Lepri FR, Giuffrida MG, Baban A, Surace C, Ferese R, Angioni A, Novelli A, Marino B, De Luca A, Dallapiccola B. Congenital heart defects in recurrent reciprocal 1q21.1 deletion and duplication syndromes: Rare association with pulmonary valve stenosis. Eur J Med Genet 2013; 56:144-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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D'Asdia MC, Torrente I, Consoli F, Ferese R, Magliozzi M, Bernardini L, Guida V, Digilio MC, Marino B, Dallapiccola B, De Luca A. Novel and recurrent EVC and EVC2 mutations in Ellis-van Creveld syndrome and Weyers acrofacial dyostosis. Eur J Med Genet 2013; 56:80-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Guida V, Ferese R, Rocchetti M, Bonetti M, Sarkozy A, Cecchetti S, Gelmetti V, Lepri F, Copetti M, Lamorte G, Cristina Digilio M, Marino B, Zaza A, den Hertog J, Dallapiccola B, De Luca A. A variant in the carboxyl-terminus of connexin 40 alters GAP junctions and increases risk for tetralogy of Fallot. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 21:69-75. [PMID: 22713807 PMCID: PMC3533258 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2012.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
GJA5 gene (MIM no. 121013), localized at 1q21.1, encodes for the cardiac gap junction protein connexin 40. In humans, copy number variants of chromosome 1q21.1 have been associated with variable phenotypes comprising congenital heart disease (CHD), including isolated TOF. In mice, the deletion of Gja5 can cause a variety of complex CHDs, in particular of the cardiac outflow tract, corresponding to TOF in many cases. In the present study, we screened for mutations in the GJA5 gene 178 unrelated probands with isolated TOF. A heterozygous nucleotide change (c.793C>T) in exon 2 of the gene leading to the p.Pro265Ser variant at the carboxyl-terminus of the protein was found in two unrelated sporadic patients, one with classic anatomy and one with pulmonary atresia. This GJA5 missense substitution was not observed in 1568 ethnically-matched control chromosomes. Immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy revealed that cells expressing the mutant protein form sparse or no visible gap-junction plaques in the region of cell-cell contact. Moreover, analysis of the transfer of the gap junction permanent tracer lucifer yellow showed that cells expressing the mutant protein have a reduced rate of dye transfer compared with wild-type cells. Finally, use of a zebrafish model revealed that microinjection of the GJA5-p.Pro265Ser mutant disrupts overall morphology of the heart tube in the 37% (22/60) of embryos, compared with the 6% (4/66) of the GJA5 wild-type-injected embryos. These findings implicate GJA5 gene as a novel susceptibility gene for TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Guida
- Mendel Laboratory, Casa Sollievo della
Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo,
Italy
| | - Rosangela Ferese
- Mendel Laboratory, Casa Sollievo della
Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo,
Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine,
‘Sapienza' University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Rocchetti
- Biotechnology and Biosciences Department,
University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Bonetti
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University
Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- Mendel Laboratory, Casa Sollievo della
Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo,
Italy
| | - Serena Cecchetti
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Imaging,
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità,
Rome, Italy
| | - Vania Gelmetti
- Mendel Laboratory, Casa Sollievo della
Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo,
Italy
| | - Francesca Lepri
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics and Pediatric
Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome,
Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Unit of Biostatistics, Casa Sollievo della
Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo,
Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lamorte
- Mendel Laboratory, Casa Sollievo della
Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo,
Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics and Pediatric
Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome,
Italy
| | - Bruno Marino
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of
Pediatrics, ‘Sapienza' University, Rome,
Italy
- Eleonora Lorillard Spencer-Cenci
Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Zaza
- Biotechnology and Biosciences Department,
University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Jeroen den Hertog
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University
Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden
University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics and Pediatric
Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome,
Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Mendel Laboratory, Casa Sollievo della
Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo,
Italy
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Guida V, Chiappe F, Ferese R, Usala G, Maestrale G, Iannascoli C, Bellacchio E, Mingarelli R, Digilio MC, Marino B, Uda M, De Luca A, Dallapiccola B. Novel and recurrent JAG1 mutations in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Clin Genet 2011; 80:591-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01710.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Digilio MC, Lepri F, Baban A, Dentici ML, Versacci P, Capolino R, Ferese R, De Luca A, Tartaglia M, Marino B, Dallapiccola B. RASopathies: Clinical Diagnosis in the First Year of Life. Mol Syndromol 2011; 1:282-289. [PMID: 22190897 DOI: 10.1159/000331266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis within Noonan syndrome and related disorders (RASopathies) still presents a challenge during the first months of life, since most clinical features used to differentiate these conditions become manifest later in childhood. Here, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical records referred to the first year of life of 57 subjects with molecularly confirmed diagnosis of RASopathy, to define the early clinical features characterizing these disorders and improve our knowledge on natural history. Mildly or markedly expressed facial features were invariably present. Congenital heart defects were the clinical issue leading to medical attention in patients with Noonan syndrome and LEOPARD syndrome. Feeding difficulties and developmental motor delay represented the most recurrent features occurring in subjects with cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome and Costello syndrome. Thin hair was prevalent among SHOC2 and BRAF mutation-positive infants. Café-au-lait spots were found in patients with LS and PTPN11 mutations, while keratosis pilaris was more common in individuals with SOS1, SHOC2 and BRAF mutations. In conclusion, some characteristics can be used as hints for suspecting a RASopathy during the first months of life, and individual RASopathies may be suspected by analysis of specific clinical signs. In the first year of life, these include congenital heart defects, severity of feeding difficulties and delay of developmental milestones, hair and skin anomalies, which may help to distinguish different entities, for their subsequent molecular confirmation and appropriate clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Digilio
- Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS
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De Luca A, Sarkozy A, Ferese R, Consoli F, Lepri F, Dentici ML, Vergara P, De Zorzi A, Versacci P, Digilio MC, Marino B, Dallapiccola B. New mutations in ZFPM2/FOG2 gene in tetralogy of Fallot and double outlet right ventricle. Clin Genet 2010; 80:184-90. [PMID: 20807224 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01523.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Conotruncal defects (CTDs) represent 15-20% of all congenital heart defects. Mutations in a number of genes have been associated with CTD in humans and animal models. We investigated the occurrence and the prevalence of GATA4, NKX2.5, ZFPM2/FOG2, GDF1, and ISLET1 gene mutations in a large cohort of individuals with CTD, including tetralogy of Fallot with or without pulmonary atresia (TOF, 178 patients), double outlet right ventricle (DORV, 13 patients), and truncus arteriosus (11 patients). Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) analysis followed by bidirectional sequencing disclosed no putative pathogenic mutation in GATA4, ISLET1, and GDF1 genes. Two novel (Ile227Val, Met544Ile) and one previously reported (Glu30Gly) possibly pathogenic missense variants were identified in the ZFPM2/FOG2 gene in 3 sporadic patients of 202 (1.5%) with CTD, including 1 of 178 (0.6%) with TOF and 2 of 13 (15.4%) with DORV. Mutation analysis also detected one known missense change (Arg25Cys) in NKX2.5 gene in two (1.1%) sporadic patients with TOF. These sequence alterations were found to be absent in 500 population-matched controls. In conclusion, the present results (i) indicate and confirm that mutations in the GATA4, GDF1, and ISLET1 genes are not major determinants in the pathogenesis of TOF, (ii) provide supportive evidence of an association between ZFPM2/FOG2 gene and TOF/DORV, and (iii) provide additional examples of the possible contribution of the Arg25Cys change in the NKX2.5 to a small number of TOF cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro De Luca
- CSS-Mendel Institute, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Rome, Italy.
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De Luca A, Sarkozy A, Consoli F, Ferese R, Guida V, Dentici ML, Mingarelli R, Bellacchio E, Tuo G, Limongelli G, Digilio MC, Marino B, Dallapiccola B. Familial transposition of the great arteries caused by multiple mutations in laterality genes. Heart 2009; 96:673-7. [PMID: 19933292 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2009.181685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is still largely unknown. In general, TGA is not associated with the more common genetic disorders nor with extracardiac anomalies, whereas it can be found in individuals with lateralisation defects, heterotaxy and asplenia syndrome (right isomerism). OBJECTIVE To analyse genes previously associated with heterotaxy in order to assess mutations in familial TGA unassociated with other features of laterality defects. METHODS Probands of seven families with isolated TGA and a family history of concordant or discordant congenital heart disease were screened for mutations in the ZIC3, ACVR2B, LEFTYA, CFC1, NODAL, FOXH1, GDF1, CRELD1, GATA4 and NKX2.5 genes. RESULTS Mutation analysis allowed the identification of three sequence variations in two out of seven TGA probands. A FOXH1 (Pro21Ser) missense variant was found in a proband who was also heterozogous for an amino acid substitution (Gly17Cys) in the ZIC3 gene. This ZIC3 variant was also found in another family member with a second sequence variation (Val150Ile) in the NKX2.5 gene homeodomain who was affected by multiple ventricular septal defects. A second proband was found to harbour a splice site variant (IVS2-1G-->C) in the NODAL gene. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides evidence that some cases of familial TGA are caused by mutations in laterality genes and therefore are part of the same disease spectrum of heterotaxy syndrome, and argues for an oligogenic or complex mode of inheritance in these pedigrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro De Luca
- Mendel Laboratory, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
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